Relevant bibliographies by topics / Polyribosome

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Polyribosome'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Polyribosome"

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Wang, Houping, Jason B. Dictenberg, Li Ku, Wen Li, Gary J. Bassell, and Yue Feng. "Dynamic Association of the Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein as a Messenger Ribonucleoprotein between Microtubules and Polyribosomes." Molecular Biology of the Cell 19, no. 1 (January 2008): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e07-06-0583.

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The fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) is a selective RNA-binding protein that regulates translation and plays essential roles in synaptic function. FMRP is bound to specific mRNA ligands, actively transported into neuronal processes in a microtubule-dependent manner, and associated with polyribosomes engaged in translation elongation. However, the biochemical relationship between FMRP–microtubule association and FMRP–polyribosome association remains elusive. Here, we report that although the majority of FMRP is incorporated into elongating polyribosomes in the soluble cytoplasm, microtubule-associated FMRP is predominantly retained in translationally dormant, polyribosome-free messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) complexes. Interestingly, FMRP–microtubule association is increased when mRNPs are dynamically released from polyribosomes as a result of inhibiting translation initiation. Furthermore, the I304N mutant FMRP that fails to be incorporated into polyribosomes is associated with microtubules in mRNP particles and transported into neuronal dendrites in a microtubule-dependent, 3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine-stimulated manner with similar kinetics to that of wild-type FMRP. Hence, polyribosome-free FMRP–mRNP complexes travel on microtubules and wait for activity-dependent translational derepression at the site of function. The dual participation of FMRP in dormant mRNPs and polyribosomes suggests distinct roles of FMRP in dendritic transport and translational regulation, two distinct phases that control local protein production to accommodate synaptic plasticity.
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Zalewski, Kazimierz. "The metabolism of aged seeds. The formation of polyribosomes in germinating field bean ( Vicia faba sp. minor) seeds of different ages." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 61, no. 2 (2014): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1992.018.

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Total dehydrogenase activity and formation of polyribosomes in embryonic axes and cotyledons of field bean seeds from different harvest years were studied. <sup>3</sup>H-uridine incorporation experiments showed that seed ageing was accompanied by decreased capability for RNA synthesis and polyribosome formation. The embryonic axes of seeds with reduced vigor contained lower levels of polyribosomes.
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Ma, Xinrong, Fadia Ibrahim, Eun-Jeong Kim, Scott Shaver, James Becker, Fareha Razvi, Ronald L. Cerny, and Heriberto Cerutti. "An ortholog of the Vasa intronic gene is required for small RNA-mediated translation repression inChlamydomonas reinhardtii." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 1 (December 23, 2019): 761–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1908356117.

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Small RNAs (sRNAs) associate with Argonaute (AGO) proteins in effector complexes, termed RNA-induced silencing complexes (RISCs), which regulate complementary transcripts by translation inhibition and/or RNA degradation. In the unicellular algaChlamydomonas, several metazoans, and land plants, emerging evidence indicates that polyribosome-associated transcripts can be translationally repressed by RISCs without substantial messenger RNA (mRNA) destabilization. However, the mechanism of translation inhibition in a polyribosomal context is not understood. Here we show thatChlamydomonasVIG1, an ortholog of theDrosophila melanogasterVasa intronic gene (VIG), is required for this process. VIG1 localizes predominantly in the cytosol and comigrates with monoribosomes and polyribosomes by sucrose density gradient sedimentation. AVIG1-deleted mutant shows hypersensitivity to the translation elongation inhibitor cycloheximide, suggesting that VIG1 may have a nonessential role in ribosome function/structure. Additionally, FLAG-tagged VIG1 copurifies with AGO3 and Dicer-like 3 (DCL3), consistent with it also being a component of the RISC. Indeed, VIG1 is necessary for the repression of sRNA-targeted transcripts at the translational level but is dispensable for cleavage-mediated RNA interference and for the association of the AGO3 effector with polyribosomes or target transcripts. Our results suggest that VIG1 is an ancillary ribosomal component and plays a role in sRNA-mediated translation repression of polyribosomal transcripts.
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Boissonneault, Guylain, and Roland R. Tremblay. "Combined use of oligo(dt) and 28S cDNA probes for the quantitation of total mRNA in polyribosomes: Application to the castration-induced atrophy of the rat prostate." Bioscience Reports 10, no. 2 (April 1, 1990): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01116577.

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The castration-induced atrophy of the rat prostate was used as a model for the validation of a sensitive technique allowing the quantitation of total mRNA in polyribosomes. Electron micrographs of polyribosome samples showed a decrease in polyribosomes length 7 days after castration (GDX). Specificity of labeled oligo(dt) probe for poly(A) was demonstrated and the technique was successfully applied to demonstrate that GDX is associated with a decrease in poly(A) mRNA content of polyribosomes. Provided that normalization of the hybridization signal for mRNA is achieved with a rRNA cDNA probe, the assay therefore represents a suitable tool for further studies regarding the translational regulation of total and/or specific mRNAs.
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Zalewski, Kazimierz. "Possible role of growth regulators in adaptation to heat stress affecting partitioning of photosynthates in tomato plants." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 58, no. 1 (2014): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1989.007.

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The formation of polyribosomes and total dehydrogenase activity in rye grains from different harvest years (with different viability) were studied. It was found using actinomycin D and cordycepin that grain aging was related to a lower ability for RNA synthesis and polyribosome formation. At least part of the stored form of RNA (preformed mRNA) in the embryos of both aged non-viable grain was able to form complexes with ribosomes.
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Greenland, Andrew, and Michael Shaw. "Polyribosome fractions and protein synthesis in stem rust infected wheat." Canadian Journal of Botany 64, no. 9 (September 1, 1986): 1916–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b86-255.

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The effects of infection by stem-rust fungus on polyribosomal RNA fractions and protein synthesis in vitro and in vivo in near-isogenic resistant (Sr6) and susceptible (sr6) lines of wheat were determined. In infected resistant leaves the proportion of ribosomes present as polyribosomes was greater than that in healthy (uninfected) leaves at 1, 3, and 6 days and that in susceptible leaves at 1 and 3 days after inoculation. In the latter there were large increases in the pelletable RNA content (ribosomes, ribosomal subunits, and polyribosomes) and proportion of ribosomes present as polyribosomes from day 6. In vitro translation failed to detect any marked differences in polyribosomal translation products in resistant and susceptible leaves in response to infection. Labelling of polypeptides in vivo and separation by one- and two-dimensional electrophoresis showed that at 1 day after inoculation, two groups of high molecular mass polypeptides (80–96 and 100–110 kDa) were more heavily labelled and two novel polypeptides were present in resistant and susceptible leaves in response to infection. Synthesis of the high molecular weight and two novel polypeptides was maintained in infected resistant leaves up to 6 days after inoculation. In susceptible leaves the amount of radiolabel incorporated into these polypeptides and several proteins prominently labelled in uninfected controls declined rapidly from 3 days after inoculation.
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Wang, Y. "High-throughput polyribosome fractionation." Nucleic Acids Research 32, no. 10 (June 2, 2004): e79-e79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gnh077.

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Weidner, Stanisław, Włodzimierz Makowski, and Andrzej Rejowski. "The use of transcription inhibitors in the study of the mechanism of abscisic acid action in germinating triticale caryopses." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 56, no. 3 (2014): 455–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1987.043.

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The study was conducted on germinating triticale (var. Grado) caryopses. The purpose of the experiments was to compare the effect of selected inhibitors of transcription with the action of abscisic acid during germination of caryopses. The following inhibitors were used: α-amanitin, cordycepin, cycloheximide and 5-fluorouracil. Studied were the synthesis of total and polyribosomal RNA, the process of polyribosome formation and the synthesis of ribosomal proteins. The effect of exogenous ABA, especially in the early stages of germination, was not similar to any of the four above inhibitors of transcription. After 12 h of imbibition at a lowered temperature and 3 h of germination, ABA caused a relatively low level of inhibition of RNA synthesis, whereas all of the inhibitors used halted RNA synthesis in embryos by about 50-60%. After 6 h of germination, the same proportion of polyribosomes in the total ribosome fraction (46%) was found in both the embryos from the control sample and treated with ABA. The use of inhibitors brought this figure down to below 40%. The conclusion is drawn that in the early stages of germination, regulation of protein synthesis by ABA in triticale caryopses must occur on a level other than transcription.
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Yost, Christian C., Melvin M. Denis, Stephan Lindemann, Frederick J. Rubner, Gopal K. Marathe, Michael Buerke, Thomas M. McIntyre, Andrew S. Weyrich, and Guy A. Zimmerman. "Activated Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes Rapidly Synthesize Retinoic Acid Receptor-α." Journal of Experimental Medicine 200, no. 5 (August 30, 2004): 671–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20040224.

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In addition to releasing preformed granular proteins, polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) synthesize chemokines and other factors under transcriptional control. Here we demonstrate that PMNs express an inducible transcriptional modulator by signal-dependent activation of specialized mechanisms that regulate messenger RNA (mRNA) translation. HL-60 myelocytic cells differentiated to surrogate PMNs respond to activation by platelet activating factor by initiating translation and with appearance of specific mRNA transcripts in polyribosomes. cDNA array analysis of the polyribosome fraction demonstrated that retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-α, a transcription factor that controls the expression of multiple genes, is one of the polyribosome-associated transcripts. Quiescent surrogate HL60 PMNs and primary human PMNs contain constitutive message for RAR-α but little or no protein. RAR-α protein is rapidly synthesized in response to platelet activating factor under the control of a specialized translational regulator, mammalian target of rapamycin, and is blocked by the therapeutic macrolide rapamycin, events consistent with features of the 5′ untranslated region of the transcript. Newly synthesized RAR-α modulates production of interleukin-8. Rapid expression of a transcription factor under translational control is a previously unrecognized mechanism in human PMNs that indicates unexpected diversity in gene regulation in this critical innate immune effector cell.
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Atkin, A. L., N. Altamura, P. Leeds, and M. R. Culbertson. "The majority of yeast UPF1 co-localizes with polyribosomes in the cytoplasm." Molecular Biology of the Cell 6, no. 5 (May 1995): 611–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.6.5.611.

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In Saccharomyces cerevisiae the UPF1 protein is required for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, the accelerated turnover of mRNAs containing a nonsense mutation. Several lines of evidence suggest that translation plays an important role in the mechanism of nonsense mRNA decay, including a previous report that nonsense mRNAs assemble in polyribosomes. In this study we show that UPF1 and ribosomal protein L1 co-localize in the cytoplasm and that UPF1 co-sediments with polyribosomes. To detect UPF1, three copies of the influenza hemagglutinin epitope were placed at the C-terminus. The tagged protein, UPF1-3EP, retains 86% (+/- 5%) of function. Using immunological detection, we found that UPF1-3EP is primarily cytoplasmic and was not detected either in the nucleus or in the mitochondrion. UPF1-3EP and L1 co-distributed with polyribosomes fractionated in a 7-47% sucrose gradient. The sucrose sedimentation profiles for UPF1-3EP and L1 exhibited similar changes using three different sets of conditions that altered the polyribosome profile. When polyribosomes were disaggregated, UPF1-3EP and L1 accumulated in fractions coincident with 80S ribosomal particles. These results suggest that UPF1-3EP associates with polyribosomes. L3 and S3 mRNAs, which code for ribosomal proteins of the 60S and 40S ribosomal subunits, respectively, were on average about 100-fold more abundant than UPF1 mRNA. Assuming that translation rates for L3, S3, and UPF1 mRNA are similar, this result suggests that there are far fewer UPF1 molecules than ribosomes per cell. Constraints imposed by the low UPF1 abundance on the functional relationships between UPF1, polyribosomes, and nonsense mRNA turnover are discussed.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Polyribosome"

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Meunier, Alexandre J. "Étude de l'interaction entre FMRP et le cytosquelette lors de l'activation plaquettaire." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6342.

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Résumé: Le syndrome du X fragile, première cause monogénique de déficience intellectuelle héréditaire, découle de l'expansion du nombre de répétitions CGG dans le gène FMR1 qui, accompagnée de sa méthylation, conduit à l'absence de la protéine correspondante : FMRP ou « Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein ». La fonction de cette protéine reste encore incertaine; FMRP est une protéine liant l'ARN qui serait impliqué au niveau de la synthèse protéique, mais d'autres fonctions ont également été proposées. La découverte de nouvelles observations dans un système biologique simplifié nous permettrait de mieux comprendre la contribution réelle de ces rôles. En fait, nous avons confirmé dans les plaquettes sanguines à l'état quiescent, qui sont caractérisées par un faible niveau de traduction, la présence de FMRP sous forme soluble, contrairement à la majorité des autres cellules et tissus étudiés. Puisque l'activation des plaquettes, étape incontournable de l'hémostase primaire, déclenche de nombreux processus intracellulaires telles une réorganisation du cytosquelette et une augmentation de la synthèse protéique, nous avons étudié le comportement de FMRP subséquemment à l'activation plaquettaire. Des plaquettes humaines ont été activées par l'utilisation de différents agonistes et soumises à des protocoles de fractionnement afin de déterminer la localisation subcellidaire de FMRP. Lors de l'activation plaquettaire, nous avons observé une redistribution de FMRP, de la fraction soluble à celle contenant le cytosquelette, proportionnelle au pourcentage d'agrégation des plaquettes. Cette interaction de FMRP avec certains constituants de cette fraction a également été évaluée en présence de plusieurs agents chimiques influençant différents processus cellulaires. Nous avons mis en évidence que l'utilisation de substances exerçant une influence sur la polymérisation du réseau d'actine modifie le comportement de FMRP, suggérant que cette protéine puisse interagir avec un constituant des microfilaments. Dans la mesure où certaines équipes de recherche ont rapporté que les polyribosomes plaquettaires sont une partie intégrante du cytosquelette, et d'autres que les polyribosomes avaient la possibilité de lier spécifiquement le réseau d'actine, nous avons envisagé la présence dans les plaquettes d'une interaction entre FMRP et l'appareil traductionnel en interaction avec les microfilaments. Concrètement, nous avons mis en évidence par une approche classique d'isolation des polyribosomes, la présence de FMRP dans ces fractions, et ce, uniquement postactivation. La redistribution de FMRP, bien que compatible avec d'autres modèles cellulaires, lui suggère une nouvelle fonction au sein de la réorganisation du cytosquelette et du déclenchement de la synthèse protéique survenant lors de l'activation plaquettaire. Puisque ces phénomènes peuvent facilement être modulés dans les plaquettes sanguines, ces cellules humaines ont le potentiel de devenir un modèle plus que promoteur pour l'étude de FMRP et ainsi, du syndrome du X fragile.||Abstract: Fragile X syndrome, the most common form of inherited intellectual disability, results from the expansion of CGG repeats in the FMR1 gene which, together with its methylation, leads to the absence of the corresponding protein: FMRP or Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein. The function of this protein remains uncertain; FMRP, a protein showing sequence motifs characteristic of RNA-binding proteins, seems to participate in several cellular processes related to protein synthesis. Uncovering novel observations in a simpler human biological system, will allow us to better understand the real contribution of those suggested functions. In fact, we confirm in resting blood platelets, characterized by a limited translational activity, the presence of FMRP in a soluble form, unlike most other cells and tissues studied so far. Since platelet activation, a critical step in primary hemostasis, triggers many intracellular processes including cytoskeleton's reorganization and an increase in protein synthesis, we therefore investigated the behaviour of FMRP upon platelet activation. Human platelets were activated by means of different agonists and subjected to cell fractionation protocols in order to determine the subcellular localization of FMRP. Following activation, we observed a shift of FMRP from the soluble to the cytoskeleton fraction, which was proportional to the percentage of platelet aggregation. Moreover, this interaction of FMRP with certain components of this fraction was also assessed in the presence of various chemical agents that influence different cellular processes. We showed that agents affecting actin network polymerization modified FMRP's behavior, suggesting that FMRP might interact with components of the microfilaments. Some research groups have reported that platelet polyribosomes are an integral part of the cytoskeleton, and others that polyribosomes are able to specifically bind the actin network. We thus investigated the presence of an interaction of FMRP in platelets with the microfilament's bound translational apparatus. In fact, we have demonstrated by a classical approach of polyribosome isolation, the presence of FMRP in these fractions exclusively following activation. The resultant redistribution of FMRP, although consistent with other cellular models, suggests a new function for this protein in connection with the platelet cytoskeletal reorganization and the initiation of protein synthesis occurring during platelet activation. Since these processes can easily be modulated in blood platelets, these human cells have the potential to be a very promising model for studying FMRP and thus the fragile X syndrome.
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MASON, HUGH STANLEY. "ALTERATIONS IN POLYRIBOSOME AND MESSENGER RIBONUCLEIC ACID METABOLISM AND MESSENGER RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN UTILIZATION IN OSMOTICALLY STRESSED PLANT SEEDLINGS (WATER STATUS, GROWTH, HORDEUM VULGARE)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/188155.

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Polyribosome aggregation state in growing tissues of barley and wheat leaf or stems of pea and squash was studied in relation to seedling growth and water status of the growing tissue in plants at various levels of osmotic stress. It was found to be highly correlated with water potential and osmotic potential of the growing tissue and with leaf or stem elongation rate. Stress rapidly reduced polyribosome content and water status in growing tissues of barley leaves; changes were slow and slight in the non-growing leaf blade. Membrane-bound and free polyribosomes were equally sensitive to stress-induced disaggregation. Incorporation of ³²PO₄³⁻ into ribosomal RNA was rapidly inhibited by stress, but stability of poly(A) ⁺RNA relative to ribosomal RNA was similar in stressed and unstressed tissues, with a half-life of about 12 hours. Stress also caused progressive loss of poly(A) ⁺RNA from these tissues. Quantitation of poly(A) and in vitro messenger template activity in polysome gradient fractions showed a shift of activity from the polysomal region to the region of 20-60 S in stressed plants. Messenger RNA in the 20-60 S region coded for the same peptides as mRNA found in the polysomal fraction. Nonpolysomal and polysome-derived messenger ribonucleoprotein complexes (mRNP) were isolated, and characteristic proteins were found associated with either fraction. Polysomal mRNP from stressed or unstressed plants were translated with similar efficiency in a wheat germ cell-free system; activity of nonpolysomal mRNP was variable, but usually less than that of polysomal mRNP. Deproteinization of mRNP failed to improve its activity. No inhibition of translation of poly(A) ⁺RNA by nonpolysomal mRNP was observed in mixing experiments with the wheat germ cell-free system. It was concluded that no translational inhibitory activity was associated with nonpolysomal mRNP from barley prepared as described.
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Ma, Dan. "Protein synthetic organelles and mRNAs in the dendrites of hypothalamic magnocellular neurons." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325153.

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Yilmaz, Alper. "Translational control of mRNAs transcribed from HIV-1 provirus and HIV-1 based lentiviral vectors." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1189785802.

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Corbin, François. "FMRP, la protéine impliquée dans le syndrome du retard mental héréditaire avec X fragile, est associée aux mRNP des polyribosomes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0017/NQ56825.pdf.

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Hu, Wenqian. "The Interplay of Eukaryotic mRNA Translation and Degradation." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1274900106.

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Thomassin, Hélène. "Poly-adp-ribosylation cytoplasmique : etude dans les particules ribonucleoproteiques libres contenant des arn messagers reprimes." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13022.

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Robert-Grenon, Jean-Philippe. "Étude de l'ARN polysomal durant la maturation de l'ovocyte bovin." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30125/30125.pdf.

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Colman, Hélène. "Régulations traductionnelles lors de l'infection par le virus de l'hépatite C (VHC)." Nantes, 2010. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=867ac444-7efa-4ea8-a33f-89bd65a8dc7d.

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Le virus de l'hépatite C (VHC) est un problème majeur de santé publique, il infecte de façon chronique 3% de la population mondiale et cause cirrhose et cancer du foie. Il n'existe pas de vaccin et son traitement est inactif chez près de la moitié des patients. Le génome du VHC est un ARN positif simple brin, présentant une grande variabilité génétique. Sa traduction est initiée par un IRES (Internal Ribosome Entry Site), permettant de recruter le ribosome sans l'aide de tous les facteurs classiques d'initiation de la traduction. Cette région possède des structures secondaires et sa séquence est conservée parmi les génotypes viraux. Elle est donc une cible thérapeutique potentielle. La traduction virale est modulée par des facteurs viraux et cellulaires, dont les modalités ne pas encore bien connues. A partir de variants naturels de l’IRES présentant des efficacités traductionnelles et des tropismes cellulaires différents, nous avons cherché à comprendre quels sont les déterminants (séquence virale et facteurs cellulaires agissant en trans (les ITAF, IRES Trans Acting Factors)) conditionnant l'efficacité de l'IRES dans l'hépatocyte. Nous avons parallèlement analysé les modifications traductionnelles des ARN cellulaires lors de l'infection virale dans le modèle des cellules Huh-7 infectées par la souche JFH-1 en comparant le transcriptome traduit, liés aux ribosomes (polysome) et le transcriptome libre. Nous avons montré la régulation traductionnelle de gènes régulant le cytosquelette, la traduction, le métabolisme mitochondrial et le cycle cellulaire. Certaines de ces régulations pourraient impliquer des microARN cellulaires
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major world health problem, since 3% of the world’s population is chronically infected and it can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. There is currently no vaccine against this virus and the treatment is inactive for about half of the patients. HCV is a positive sense single strand RNA virus with highly sequence variability. Its translation initiation occurs through an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) in its 5’untranslated region, allowing the ribosome recruitment without the need of all the canonical translation initiation factors. This region is highly structured and is well conserved amongst the viral genotypes. That makes the IRES an attractive target for future therapies. The IRES function is modulated by viral and cellular factors, but the mecanisms of this regulation are not well understood. With the study of natural IRES variants harboring different translationnal efficiencies and cellular tropisms, we have tried to understand some factors (the viral sequence and the cellular proteins acting in trans (ITAFs, IRES Trans Acting Factors)) conditionning the efficiency of HCV translation in hepatocytes. We have also studied the translational modifications of the cellular genes during HCV infection in Huh7 cells harbouring replication of the JHF-1 strain, by comparing the translated transriptome, bound to the ribosomes (polysome) and the free transcriptome. We have shown that the viral infection modulates the translation of genes belonging to specific functional categories (cytoskeleton, translation, mitochondrial metabolism, cell cycle regulation). Some of this regulations could occur via microRNA modulation
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Safieddine, Adham. "L'imagerie systématique de transcrits et de polysomes uniques révèle un mécanisme de transport dépendant de la protéine naissante." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTT025.

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La traduction locale permet un contrôle spatial de l'expression des gènes. Dans ce travail, j'ai participé à deux cribles de localisation d'ARNm concernant plus de 1000 transcrits. Le premier était un crible double ARNm/protéine qui utilisait une approche de BAComics pour co-détecter les ARNm et la protéine pour laquelle ils codent. Le second a été réalisé à l'aide d'une nouvelle approche smFISH à haut-débit et a analysé tous les ARNm codant pour des protéines centrosomales et des régulateurs mitotiques. Le premier crible a révélé des cas de traduction locale dans divers compartiments subcellulaires, et notamment au niveau des protrusions cytoplasmiques, des centrosomes, de l’appareil de Golgi, des endosomes et des pores nucléaires, ce qui n'avait jamais été décrit auparavant. De manière remarquable, la traduction du peptide naissant était nécessaire pour le transport de nombreux transcrits localisés. De plus, j'ai montré que plusieurs ARNm (tels que ASPM et DYNC1H1) sont traduits dans des structures dédiées appelées usines de traduction.Le deuxième crible a révélé 8 transcrits localisés et traduits au niveau des centrosomes. J'ai montré que la localisation de ces 8 transcrits est régulée par le cycle cellulaire et qu'elle nécessite également la traduction du polypeptide naissant. En utilisant le gène ASPM comme modèle, j'ai visualisé des ARNm et des polysomes uniques avec les systèmes MS2 et SunTag, respectivement. Cela a révélé un transport dirigé des polysomes ASPM vers les centrosomes au début de la mitose, lorsque cet ARNm commence à être localisé. Ces données fournissent des preuves fortes d'un mécanisme de ciblage co-traductionnel dépendant de moteurs moléculaires ainsi que de la protéine naissante. Cela va à l'encontre du dogme actuel selon lequel le transport d'ARNm est un processus basé sur l'ARN et agissant sur des molécules réprimées pour la traduction. En revanche, cela suggère que des mécanismes tels que celui utilisé par le SRP sont plus répandus qu'on ne le pensait auparavant
Local translation allows a spatial control of gene expression. Here, I participated in two mRNA localization screens imaging more than 1000 transcripts in total: (i) the first was a dual mRNA/protein screen that used a BAComics approach to co-detect mRNAs and the protein they encode; (ii) the second was done using a new high-throughput smFISH approach to screen all genes that encode centrosomal proteins and mitotic regulators. The first screen revealed cases of local translation at various subcellular compartments including cytoplasmic protrusions, centrosomes, Golgi, endosomes and the nuclear pore, which was never described before. Remarkably, translation of the nascent peptide was required for the transport of many localized transcripts. In addition, I showed that several mRNAs (such as ASPM and DYNC1H1) are translated in dedicated structures called translation factories.The second screen revealed 8 transcripts that are localized and translated at the centrosome. I showed that the localization of these 8 transcripts is regulated by the cell cycle, and that it also requires translation of the nascent polypeptide. Using the endogenous ASPM gene as a model, I imaged single mRNAs and polysomes with the MS2 and SunTag systems, respectively. This revealed a directed transport of ASPM polysomes towards centrosomes at the onset of mitosis, when this mRNA starts localizing. These data provide definitive evidence for a co-translational targeting mechanism dependent on motors as well as the nascent protein. This argues against the current dogma that mRNA transport is an RNA-based process acting on translationally repressed molecules. Instead, it suggests that SRP-like mechanisms are more widespread than previously thought
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Book chapters on the topic "Polyribosome"

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Gooch, Jan W. "Polyribosome." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 916. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_14538.

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Jackson, Andrew O., and John D. O. Wagner. "Procedures for Plant Rhabdovirus Purification, Polyribosome Isolation, and Replicase Extraction." In Plant Virology Protocols, 77–97. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-385-6:77.

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Larkins, B. A. "Polyribosomes." In Cell Components, 331–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82587-3_16.

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Roberts, Sidney. "Effects of Amino Acid Imbalance on Amino Acid Utilization, Protein Synthesis and Polyribosome Function in Cerebral Cortex." In Novartis Foundation Symposia, 299–324. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470720059.ch17.

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Martinez-Nunez, Rocio T., and Jeremy R. Sanford. "Studying Isoform-Specific mRNA Recruitment to Polyribosomes with Frac-seq." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 99–108. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3067-8_6.

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Colman, D., L. Bernier, S. Staugaitis, J. Salzer, and B. Trapp. "Developmental Aspects of Myelin Membrane Protein Synthesis: Spatial Segregation of Polyribosomes." In Neural Development and Regeneration, 301–9. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73148-8_26.

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"Polyribosome." In Encyclopedia of Genetics, Genomics, Proteomics and Informatics, 1535. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6754-9_13243.

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"Polysome (Polyribosome)." In Brenner's Encyclopedia of Genetics, 404. Elsevier, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-374984-0.01193-1.

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"Polysome (Polyribosome)." In Encyclopedia of Genetics, 1511. Elsevier, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/rwgn.2001.1964.

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GOODMAN, HOWARD M., and ALEXANDER RICH. "MECHANISM OF POLYRIBOSOME ACTION DURING PROTEIN SYNTHESIS." In The Excitement of Discovery: Selected Papers of Alexander Rich, 123–27. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789813272682_0016.

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Conference papers on the topic "Polyribosome"

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Scott, Gary K., Bianca Gabriel, Jason Held, Elbert Lee, and Christopher C. Benz. "Abstract 1626: Polyribosome-associated proteins targeted by HDACi promote the selective degradation of oncogenic transcripts." In Proceedings: AACR 102nd Annual Meeting 2011‐‐ Apr 2‐6, 2011; Orlando, FL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-1626.

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Scott, Gary K., Bianca Gabriel, Jason Held, and Christopher C. Benz. "Abstract 1245: Polyribosome association of tyrosine phosphorylated RACK1 with activated Src regulates translation of specific proteins mediating breast cancer growth and metastasis." In Proceedings: AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010‐‐ Apr 17‐21, 2010; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am10-1245.

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Sorokin, I. I., Zh А. Afonina, О. S. Strelkova, Е. V. Zakharova, I. I. Kireev, and V. А. Shirokov. "Comparative analysis of polyribosomes by electron microscopy and single molecule localization microscopy." In XXVIII Российская конференция по электронной микроскопии и VI школа молодых учёных "Современные методы электронной, зондовой микроскопии и комплементарные методы в исследованиях наноструктур и наноматериалов". Crossref, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37795/rcem.2020.56.59.048.

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Sorokin, I. I., Zh А. Аfonina, О. S. Strelkova, Е. V. Zakharova, I. I. Кireev, and V. А. Shirokov. "Comparative analysis of polyribosomes by electron microscopy and single molecule localization microscopy." In XXVIII Российская конференция по электронной микроскопии и VI школа молодых учёных "Современные методы электронной, зондовой микроскопии и комплементарные методы в исследованиях наноструктур и наноматериалов". Crossref, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37795/rcem.2020.79.46.014.

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