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Journal articles on the topic 'Polyvinyls – chemistry'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Yu, Xinliang, Xueye Wang, Jinwei Gao, Xiaobing Li, and Hanlu Wang. "QSPR studies of polyvinyls by density functional theory." Polymer 46, no. 22 (October 2005): 9443–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2005.07.039.

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2

Popoola, Oludele O., and Waltraud M. Kriven. "Interfacial structure and chemistry in a ceramic/polymer composite material." Journal of Materials Research 7, no. 6 (June 1992): 1545–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1992.1545.

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The microstructure and microchemistry of ceramic/polymer interfaces in a calcium aluminate/polyvinyl alcohol composite material have been studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution electron microscopy (HREM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Interfaces consisted of an amorphous interphase layer, inside of which were dispersed metastably retained CaAl2O5 · 8H2O crystallites. The amorphous phase was a mixture of the hydration products of calcium aluminate and aluminum–crosslinked, polyvinyl alcohol. The crystalline hydration product CaAl2O5 · 8H2O was metastably retained due to polymer poisoning of nucleation sites and significant reduction of conversion kinetics.

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3

Zhong, Jiawei, Yunpeng Xu, and Zhongmin Liu. "Heterogeneous non-mercury catalysts for acetylene hydrochlorination: progress, challenges, and opportunities." Green Chemistry 20, no. 11 (2018): 2412–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8gc00768c.

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The replacement of mercuric chloride with non-mercury catalysts in acetylene hydrochlorination for the production of a vinyl chloride monomer, a precursor to polyvinyl chloride, would meet the requirements of green chemistry and have a great significance in the industrial field.

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4

Jenisová, Zita, and Jana Braniša. "Scientific experiment focused at pigment degradation by polyvinyl chloride combustion in Science education." Journal of Technology and Science Education 9, no. 3 (July 9, 2019): 458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3926/jotse.480.

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The Environmental education navigates students towards environmentally friendly life style and securing a quality of life. The implementation of cross-section topics, including the Environmental education, into science classes, is possible through a variety of techniques. One of the least used methods is a real school experiment. The following paper presents the experiment, by which we simulate the combustion of PVC and observe the impact of combustion products on plants via UV-Vis spectrophotometry optical method. This method is suitable for qualification and analysis of vegetable pigments, i.e. chlorophylls, carotenoids, and anthocyanins. The experiment is integrated into the Techniques and Didactics of School Chemistry Experiments as a part of master degree course, which prepares students for the Chemistry teaching profession. The introduced experiment enables pedagogues to integrate the environmental education into teaching process and develop mathematical and science literacy of students in the Chemistry education.

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5

Мошнинова, Т. М. "Организация научно-исследовательской работы школьников по теме «Поливинилацетат»." ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ НАУКИ И ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ 70, no. 2 (2021): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/lj-02-2021-42.

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The article deals with the organization of research work on the subject of chemistry on the topic "Polymers" studied in the 9th grade on the basis of the textbook of O. S. Gabrielyan.This paper describes the importance of research work in school. The topics of research works for students on the topic "polyvinyl Acetate"are presented.

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6

Sabourian, Parinaz, Masoud Frounchi, and Susan Dadbin. "Polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl alcohol/ polyvinyl pyrrolidone biomedical foams crosslinked by gamma irradiation." Journal of Cellular Plastics 53, no. 4 (May 31, 2016): 359–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021955x16652106.

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Foams for biomedical applications were made from polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol / polyvinyl pyrrolidone blend and their nanocomposites with nanoclay by clean processes. Air was entrapped into the aqueous polymer solutions during vigorous mixing and then the solutions were freeze-dried. The foams structure was stabilized by crosslinking via gamma irradiation without using any harmful chemicals. The hydrophilic biocompatible foams possessed interconnected open cell structure with remarkable capacity to absorb and retain water. The foams in wet state were soft and flexible. Desirable pore structure and higher water absorption was obtained at a solution concentration of 5 wt% for both polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl alcohol / polyvinyl pyrrolidone foams and also for the nanocomposite foams. The polyvinyl alcohol / polyvinyl pyrrolidone foams at a composition of 80/20 had a uniform porous structure. Addition of 20 wt% polyvinyl pyrrolidone increased the size and interconnectivity of the cell structure and rendered more flexible foams than the neat polyvinyl alcohol. Also the nanoclay, in the nanocomposite foams, elevated pore population through generation of more air bubbles during aqueous polymer solution mixing.

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7

Zhu, Dong Yu, Guang Sheng Cao, Wen Lian Qiu, Min Zhi Rong, and Ming Qiu Zhang. "Self-healing polyvinyl chloride (PVC) based on microencapsulated nucleophilic thiol-click chemistry." Polymer 69 (July 2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2015.05.052.

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8

Khoshkbar Sadeghi, Alireza, and Maryam Farbodi. "Preparation of polyaniline-polyvinyl alcohol-silver nanocomposite and characterization of its mechanical and antibacterial properties." Science and Engineering of Composite Materials 25, no. 5 (September 25, 2018): 975–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/secm-2016-0329.

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AbstractIn the present research, polyaniline is used as a conducting polymer and polyvinyl alcohol is also used as a biopolymer, because of its mechanical properties and suitable processability. Also, silver nanoparticles are considered as a reinforcing agent of thermal stability, mechanical and antibacterial properties to prepare polyaniline-polyvinyl alcohol-silver nanocomposite. The synthesis of polyaniline-polyvinyl alcohol composite and polyaniline-polyvinyl alcohol-silver nanocomposite is performed through addition of polyaniline and silver in polyvinyl alcohol solution. In order to review thermal, mechanical and antibacterial properties of synthesized composite and nanocomposites, components with different weight rates are used. The obtained results from thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) tests also indicate promotion of thermal stability of polyaniline-polyvinyl alcohol-silver nanocomposite compared with pure polyvinyl alcohol in temperatures above 400°C. The results of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed the presence of polyaniline, polyvinyl alcohol and silver in the structure of polyaniline-polyvinyl alcohol-silver triple nanocomposite film. The obtained results from a review of antibacterial properties showed that polyaniline-polyvinyl alcohol-silver nanocomposites have antibacterial effects on two different types of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The obtained results from a review of mechanical properties of nanocomposites showed that the greatest value of tensile strength (13.8 MPa) belonged to polyaniline-polyvinyl alcohol-silver (88%/9%/3% w/w) nanocomposites. Therefore, this is determined as an optimal triple nanocomposite. In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with an energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) system was used to characterize the composition and structure of polyaniline-polyvinyl alcohol-silver nanocomposite film.

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9

Zhu, Hong, and Dongmei Wang. "Study on buffering characteristics of expanded polyvinyl alcohol influenced by temperature and humidity." Journal of Cellular Plastics 54, no. 1 (September 23, 2016): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021955x16670584.

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Expanded polyvinyl alcohol is regarded as excellent buffering and leak-proof packaging material of liquid products due to its characteristics such as good liquid absorption and liquid retention properties, good mechanical properties under dry condition, and good rebound resilience under wet condition. Through static compression experiment, this study analyzed the mechanical properties and energy absorption properties of expanded polyvinyl alcohol with different densities under different temperatures and relative humidity. The experimental results showed that the effect of ambient temperature and humidity on expanded polyvinyl alcohol performance was mainly to change its internal moisture. The initial elastic modulus, plateau stress, and energy absorption value per unit volume of expanded polyvinyl alcohol increased as the density increased, the relative humidity decreased, or temperature increased. The above research can provide reference for applications of expanded polyvinyl alcohol on buffering packaging in actual logistic environment.

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10

Tan, L. S., A. J. McHugh, M. A. Gülgün, and W. M. Kriven. "Evolution of mechano-chemistry and microstructure of a calcium aluminate-polymer composite: Part II. Mixing rate effects." Journal of Materials Research 11, no. 7 (July 1996): 1739–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1996.0218.

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Microstructure, microchemistry and mechanical properties of hardened macro-defect-free (MDF) composites processed at various rotor rates in a Banbury mixer were investigated. A quiescently formed calcium aluminate-polyvinyl alcohol composite served as a substitute for an unmixed system. Results from the Banbury studies in conjunction with microchemical analysis of the unmixed composite showed evidence that the polymer-particle interaction is a mechanically induced crosslinking reaction. The rate of the mechano-chemistry increases with mixing speeds. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) and transmission electron micrographs (TEM) of hardened composites mixed for 15 min at 30, 50, 100, and 200 rpm indicate that much of the mechanical strength of MDF is due to the crosslinked interphase zones that blanket the cement grains. Stresses in the paste due to mixing can destroy the interphase layer, leading to a weaker hardened composite. Microchemical analysis revealed that the mechano-chemistry of the system did not vary with changes in the mixing conditions studied.

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11

Jang, Yunjae, Hwaljong Lee, and Ho-Jong Kang. "Enhancement of Paper Characteristics by Polyvinyl Alcohol/Polyamide-epichlorohydrin Coating as a Complex Strength Additive." Polymer Korea 38, no. 5 (September 25, 2014): 620–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.7317/pk.2014.38.5.620.

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12

Shaglaeva, N. S., V. V. Bayandin, R. G. Sultangareev, G. F. Prozorova, T. I. Vakul’skaya, and S. S. Khutsishvili. "Sulfurization polyvinyl chloride." Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry 86, no. 4 (April 2013): 611–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1070427213040290.

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13

Hay, J. N. "Polyvinyl chloride degradation." Polymer 28, no. 7 (June 1987): 1236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(87)90279-5.

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14

Molyneux, Philip. "Polyvinyl alcohol: Developments." Polymer 34, no. 13 (January 1993): 2909–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(93)90143-x.

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15

Costa, L., M. Avataneo, P. Bracco, and V. Brunella. "Char formation in polyvinyl polymers I. Polyvinyl acetate." Polymer Degradation and Stability 77, no. 3 (January 2002): 503–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0141-3910(02)00108-8.

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16

Kumaraswamy, Swaroop, Shrikant L. Patil, and Somashekarappa H. Mallaiah. "In vitro biocompatibility evaluation of radiolytically synthesized silver/polyvinyl hydrogel nanocomposites for wound dressing applications." Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers 35, no. 4-5 (July 2020): 435–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883911520944428.

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Nano silver/polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel nanocomposites have been prepared using gamma irradiation technique. Gamma irradiation serves as a crosslinking agent for the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels and also acts as a reducing agent for reduction of Ag+ ions to zero valent Ag0 within the polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked network. The microstructural characteristics of the prepared composites were studied using powder X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis. The data obtained by these characterizations indicate the homogeneous distribution of silver nanoparticles on the polyvinyl alcohol network. The swelling properties and mechanical parameters of the silver/polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel nanocomposites tend to show improvements, making them a better material for wound care applications. The silver/polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel nanocomposites have shown good antibacterial potential against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and shown nil or minimal cytotoxic effect on human melanoma (SK-MEL-2) and mouse melanoma (B16-F1) cell lines. Overall, it was concluded that under optimized condition, silver/polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel nanocomposites synthesized using gamma irradiation technique are excellent candidates for wound dressing application.

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17

Lo, King H., Akira Miyase, and Su Su Wang. "Failure strength predictions for closed-cell polyvinyl chloride foams." Journal of Composite Materials 52, no. 30 (May 17, 2018): 4185–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998318777049.

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This paper describes an effort to model mechanical strength of closed-cell polyvinyl chloride foams under static loading. The study presented here is a continuation of an earlier study to model elastic stiffness of closed-cell polyvinyl chloride foams as effective transversely isotropic materials. An engineering approach is used in the study and governing equations are developed for predicting the strength of polyvinyl chloride foams. To account for foam microstructure and cell-shape anisotropy on foam strength, a unit cell representation of the polyvinyl chloride foam microstructure is used to derive equations to assess tensile and shear strengths of polyvinyl chloride foams. The differential stretching of polyvinyl chloride foam cell walls (in the rise direction and in the in-plane directions) on the strength of the foam-matrix polymer is also taken into account in modeling the mechanical strength of polyvinyl chloride closed-cell foams. The behavior of closed-cell polyvinyl chloride foams under compression is different from that under tension. In the paper, the equations for predicting compressive strength of closed-cell polyvinyl chloride foams are based on an approximate theory developed in an earlier study of compressive strength of unidirectional composites. The validity of the foam strength predictive equations, derived in the paper, is first demonstrated through comparison of the predictions with the results on Divinycell H (DIAB) foams obtained from a systematic in-house test program. A comparison is also carried out between the strength predictions and the test results published by two polyvinyl chloride foam manufacturers for different density polyvinyl chloride foams. Good agreements are found for all the different density foams studied.

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18

GHOSH, PINTU, T. KUNDU, K. C. RUSTAGI, and BHANU P. SINGH. "FREQUENCY AND TIME RESOLVED SPECTROSCOPIC STUDIES OF CADMIUM SULFIDE NANOPARTICLES CAPPED WITH POLYVINYL PYRROLIDONE." International Journal of Nanoscience 10, no. 04n05 (August 2011): 693–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x11008794.

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Frequency and time domain interrogation of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) capped CdS nanoparticles synthesized by wet chemistry route have been performed. The optical absorption and temperature dependent photoluminescence (PL) properties have been studied. Time resolved PL studies have been performed at different wavelengths of the emission spectrum. The blue-shift of absorption band-edge confirms the quantum confinement effect due to the reduced size of the nanoparticles. Two PL peaks at 465 nm and 550 nm are observed. The temperature dependent PL study of CdS –PVP nanoparticles shows that the 550 nm peak originates from defect states and its intensity decreases exponentially with increasing temperature. Wavelength dependence of the PL lifetime suggests that the observed PL spectrum is the superposition of emissions originating from different excited states.

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19

Takahashi, Chisato, Shoko Saito, Asami Suda, Noriko Ogawa, Yoshiaki Kawashima, and Hiromitsu Yamamoto. "Antibacterial activities of polymeric poly(dl-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles and Soluplus® micelles against Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm and their characterization." RSC Advances 5, no. 88 (2015): 71709–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra13885j.

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20

Kittikorn, Thorsak, Wantani Chaiwong, Emma Stromberg, Rosana M. Torro, Monika Ek, and Sigbritt Karlsson. "Enhancement of interfacial adhesion and engineering properties of polyvinyl alcohol/polylactic acid laminate films filled with modified microfibrillated cellulose." Journal of Plastic Film & Sheeting 36, no. 4 (March 31, 2020): 368–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756087920915745.

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This work was done to improve the interfacial adhesion and engineering performance of polyvinyl alcohol/polylactic acid laminate film by altering the polyvinyl alcohol phase surface properties via incorporating microfibrillated cellulose modified by propionylation. Incorporating the modified microfibrillated cellulose into polyvinyl alcohol film improved adhesion between film layers during the laminating process. Improved peel strength and tensile properties confirmed that modified microfibrillated cellulose can produce better bonding between polyvinyl alcohol and polylactic acid via mechanical interlocking and cohesive forces at the film interface. Modified microfibrillated cellulose (3 wt%) increased the peel strength by 40% comparing with the neat polyvinyl alcohol/polylactic acid laminate film.The reduction of both moisture absorption and diffusion rate of the modified microfibrillated cellulose–polyvinyl alcohol/polylactic acid to 20 and 23%, respectively, also indicated that the modified microfibrillated cellulose could inhibit moisture permeation across the film. This was because the modified microfibrillated cellulose is hydrophobic. Furthermore, the addition of modified microfibrillated cellulose also increased the decomposition temperature of the laminate film up to 10% as observed at 20% of remaining weight, while the storage modulus substantially increasing to 72% relative to the neat laminate film.The superior interfacial adhesion between the polylactic acid and modified microfibrillated cellulose–polyvinyl alcohol layers, observed by scanning electron microscopy, confirmed the improved compatibility between the polyvinyl alcohol and polylactic acid phases.

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21

Aruldass, S., V. Mathivanan, A. R. Mohamed, and C. T. Tye. "Factors affecting hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate to polyvinyl alcohol." Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 7, no. 5 (October 2019): 103238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2019.103238.

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22

DasGupta, Arijit M., Donald J. David, and Ashok Misra. "Modification of polyvinyl butyral rheological properties via blending with ionomeric polyvinyl butyral." Polymer Bulletin 25, no. 6 (June 1991): 657–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01032661.

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23

GALBAN, Javier, Susana de MARCOS, Juan C. VIDAL, Carmelo DIAZ, and Jose AZNAREZ. "Fluorometric determination of cadmium in polyvinyl chloride stabilizers and polyvinyl chloride in nonaqueous media." Analytical Sciences 6, no. 2 (1990): 187–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2116/analsci.6.187.

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24

Sanderson, R. D., E. Immelman, D. Bezuidenhout, E. P. Jacobs, and A. J. Van Reenen. "Polyvinyl alcohol and modified polyvinyl alcohol reverse osmosis membranes." Desalination 90, no. 1-3 (February 1993): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0011-9164(93)80161-f.

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25

Dimonie, Doina, Dina Petre, and Gabriel Vasilievici. "Polyvinyl Alcohol Melt Processing." Journal of Elastomers & Plastics 39, no. 2 (April 2007): 181–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095244306071978.

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26

Su, Yu-Kai, Caroline M. Coxwell, Steven Shen, and Stephen A. Miller. "Polyvinyl alcohol modification with sustainable ketones." Polymer Chemistry 12, no. 34 (2021): 4961–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1py00656h.

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27

Peng, Fubing, Eric M. V. Hoek, and Robert Damoiseaux. "High-Content Screening for Biofilm Assays." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 15, no. 7 (July 16, 2010): 748–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087057110374992.

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The authors describe a novel high-throughput screening platform that provides rapid, reliable, quantitative assessment of biofilm formation and removal on engineered surfaces. Unlike traditional biofilm assays based on plate readers, this assay platform is based on high-content screening, which allows for multiplexing to simultaneously quantify the number of bacterial adhesions per unit area and the viability of adhered cells using fluorescent dye combinations. This platform is fully automated and has a throughput of more than 10,000 wells per day. The authors used this platform to examine the influence of different assay buffer systems on bacterial adhesion, viability, and removal on cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol coating films synthesized directly onto the bottoms of 384-well plates. The results indicated that water chemistry, bacteria cell type, and film chemistry combine to govern biofilm formation. In general, both reversible and irreversible bacterial adhesion increased with the extent of cross-linking in coating films, which correlates strongly with coating film cross-linking degree and hydrophobicity, which is closely related. The high-throughput platform offers a powerful tool for rapid evaluation of fouling-resistant coating films in addition to elucidation of fundamental mechanisms governing bacterial adhesion.

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28

Park, Geoffrey S. "Polyvinyl chloride degradation." Polymer Degradation and Stability 15, no. 3 (January 1986): 281–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-3910(86)90056-x.

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29

Owolabi, Taoreed O., and Mohd Amiruddin Abd Rahman. "Modeling the Optical Properties of a Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Composite Using a Particle Swarm Optimized Support Vector Regression Algorithm." Polymers 13, no. 16 (August 12, 2021): 2697. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13162697.

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We developed particle swarm optimization-based support vector regression (PSVR) and ordinary linear regression (OLR) models for estimating the refractive index (n) and energy gap (E) of a polyvinyl alcohol composite. The n-PSVR model, which can estimate the refractive index of a polyvinyl alcohol composite using the energy gap as a descriptor, performed better than the n-OLR model in terms of root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) metrics. The E-PSVR model, which can predict the energy gap of a polyvinyl alcohol composite using its refractive index descriptor, outperformed the E-OLR model, which uses similar descriptor based on several performance measuring metrics. The n-PSVR and E-PSVR models were used to investigate the influences of sodium-based dysprosium oxide and benzoxazinone derivatives on the energy gaps of a polyvinyl alcohol polymer composite. The results agreed well with the measured values. The models had low mean absolute percentage errors after validation with external data. The precision demonstrated by these predictive models will enhance the tailoring of the optical properties of polyvinyl alcohol composites for the desired applications. Costs and experimental difficulties will be reduced.

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30

Aslam, Muhammad, Mazhar Ali Kalyar, and Zulfiqar Ali Raza. "Polyvinyl alcohol: A review of research status and use of polyvinyl alcohol based nanocomposites." Polymer Engineering & Science 58, no. 12 (April 10, 2018): 2119–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.24855.

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31

Luche, Jocelyn, Thomas Rogaume, and Eric Guillaume. "Characterization of polyvinyl chloride–based floor covering thermal decomposition parameters in a cone calorimeter." Journal of Fire Sciences 38, no. 5 (August 3, 2020): 433–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734904120944340.

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In an ISO 5660 Cone Calorimeter, heat fluxes were applied to a polyvinyl chloride–based floor covering to characterize their influence on the thermal decomposition parameters as well as on the concentrations of species emitted during the combustion process. Gas concentrations were quantified for identifying the fire behaviour and the decomposition chemistry. Thus, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, water, hydrogen chloride and oxygen with concentrations and emission yields of high consistency were encountered at all heat fluxes considered. Moreover, nitrogen monoxide, sulphur dioxide, hydrogen cyanide and lightweight hydrocarbons were observed with low concentrations and emission yields. Other species can be considered as negligible due to their concentrations close to zero at all heat fluxes studied. Furthermore, using the oxygen consumption method, heat release rate, total heat release and effective heat of combustion were also calculated for each irradiance level and were compared with data found in the literature.

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32

Pan, Yanxiong, Chao Peng, Weicai Wang, Kai Shi, Zhi Liu, and Xiangling Ji. "Preparation and absorption behavior to organic pollutants of macroporous hydrophobic polyvinyl alcohol–formaldehyde sponges." RSC Adv. 4, no. 67 (2014): 35620–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra03278k.

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A series of macroporous hydrophobic polyvinyl alcohol–formaldehyde sponges (PVF–G_n–H_ms) are preparedviathe reactions of hydrophilic polyvinyl alcohol–formaldehyde (PVF) sponges with glutaraldehyde (GA) and fatty acyl chloride. Both ATR-IR and solid-state CP/MAS.

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33

Xu, W. B., Z. F. Zhou, M. L. Ge, and W. P. Pan. "Polyvinyl chloride/ montmorillonite nanocomposites." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 78, no. 1 (2004): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:jtan.0000042157.96074.44.

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34

Liu, Fang, Baomin Wang, Yunqing Xing, Kunkun Zhang, and Wei Jiang. "Effect of Polyvinyl Alcohol on the Rheological Properties of Cement Mortar." Molecules 25, no. 3 (February 10, 2020): 754. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25030754.

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Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a kind of water-soluble polymer, which has been widely used in different industries due to its excellent mechanical and chemical properties. In this paper, the effects of polyvinyl alcohol with different hydrolysis and polymerization degrees on the rheological properties of cement mortar are studied. The results show that the rheological properties of PVA-modified cement mortar can be described by the modified Bingham model. The yield stress of modified cement mortar is less than that of unmodified mortar when the degree of polymerization and the content of PVA are small. With the increase of polyvinyl alcohol content and polymerization degree, the yield stress and plastic viscosity of modified cement mortar increase sharply, which are larger than those of the unmodified cement mortar. However, the effect of hydrolysis degree of PVA on yield stress and plastic viscosity of modified cement mortar is not obvious.

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35

Krishnan, Karthik, Masakazu Aono, and Tohru Tsuruoka. "Thermally stable resistive switching of a polyvinyl alcohol-based atomic switch." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 6, no. 24 (2018): 6460–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8tc01809j.

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36

Bendaoud, Amine, Christian Carrot, Jordan Charbonnier, and Caroline Pillon. "Blends of Plasticized Polyvinyl Butyral and Polyvinyl Chloride: Morphology Analysis in View of Recycling." Macromolecular Materials and Engineering 298, no. 12 (May 10, 2013): 1259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mame.201200420.

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37

Mohammed, Gh, Adel M. El Sayed, and W. M. Morsi. "Spectroscopic, thermal, and electrical properties of MgO/ polyvinyl pyrrolidone/ polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposites." Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 115 (April 2018): 238–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2017.12.050.

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38

Abdel-Goad, Mahmoud A.-Halim. "Waste polyvinyl chloride-modified bitumen." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 101, no. 3 (2006): 1501–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.22623.

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39

Khasbiullin, R. R., Yu V. Kostina, T. F. Petrova, G. N. Bondarenko, A. E. Chalykh, V. F. Chuvaev, and V. K. Gerasimov. "Residual water in polyvinyl alcohol." Polymer Science Series A 56, no. 5 (September 2014): 569–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0965545x14050095.

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40

Lerner, F., and M. Alon. "Fractionation of partly hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate." Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 25, no. 1 (January 1987): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1987.080250115.

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41

Zhang, Meng, Guohui Wang, Xin Zhang, Yuqi Zheng, Shaoxiang Lee, Dong Wang, and Yang Yang. "Polyvinyl Alcohol/Chitosan and Polyvinyl Alcohol/Ag@MOF Bilayer Hydrogel for Tissue Engineering Applications." Polymers 13, no. 18 (September 17, 2021): 3151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13183151.

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In this paper, polyvinyl alcohol/Ag-Metal-organic framework (PVA/Ag@MOF) and polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan (PVA/CS) were used as the inner and outer layers to successfully prepare a bilayer composite hydrogel for tissue engineering scaffold. The performance of bilayer hydrogels was evaluated. The outer layer (PVA/CS) has a uniform pore size distribution, good water retention, biocompatibility and cell adhesion ability. The inner layer (PVA/Ag@MOF) has good antibacterial activity and poor biocompatibility. PVA, PVA/0.1%Ag@MOF, PVA/0.5%Ag@MOF, and PVA/1.0%Ag@MOF show anti-microbial activity in ascending order. However, its use as an inner layer avoids direct contact with cells and prevents infection. The cell viability of all samples was above 90%, indicating that the bilayer hydrogel was non-toxic to A549 cells. The bilayer hydrogel scaffold combines the advantages of the inner and outer layers. In summary, this new bilayer composite is an ideal lung scaffold for tissue engineering.

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Francis, Elizabeth, Hyun U. Ko, Jung Woong Kim, Hyun Chan Kim, Nandakumar Kalarikkal, K. Varughese, Jaehwan Kim, and Sabu Thomas. "High-k dielectric percolative nanocomposites based on multiwalled carbon nanotubes and polyvinyl chloride." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 6, no. 30 (2018): 8152–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8tc02528b.

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Zaitsev, Sergei Yu, Marina S. Tsarkova, and Ilia S. Zaitsev. "Polymeric Composite Materials for the Detection of Barium Ions in Aqueous Solutions." International Journal of Polymer Science 2019 (February 3, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4951327.

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The design of polymeric composite materials (PCM) for the optical control of chemical substances is currently one of the actively developing fields of science “at the junction” of polymer, organic, and analytical chemistry. The purpose of this work is the preparation of PCM containing derivatives of crown ethers for the optical determination of barium ions. The polymeric composite materials containing a novel optical molecular sensor have been obtained and investigated on the basis of a number of film-forming polymers. The best results have been obtained for PCM based on polyvinyl butyral films (since the fluorescence and absorption maxima shifted by 9 and 16 nm, respectively) in the fluorescence and absorption spectra of this PCM in the presence of barium ions. This makes the proposed PCM highly promising as sensor elements for the detection of the barium ions in the aqueous solutions.

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44

Kinadjian, Natacha, Mickael le Bechec, Wilfrid Neri, Philippe Poulin, Sylvie Lacombe, and Rénal Backov. "TiO2 Macroscopic Fibers Bearing Outstanding Photocatalytic Properties Obtained through an Integrative Chemistry-Based Scale-Up Semi-Industrial Process." MRS Proceedings 1804 (2015): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2015.498.

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ABSTRACTIn here we depict the morphogenesis and associated properties of TiO2-based macroscopic fibers designed for the photodecomposition of volatile organic compounds (VOC). We employed a continuous industrially scalable extrusion-based process making the use of hybrid sols of amorphous titania nanoparticles, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and occasionally latex nanoparticles. This process allowed for the continuous generation of hybrid TiO2/latex/PVA or TiO2/PVA macroscopic fibers. Upon thermal treatment, biphasic porous fibers are obtained containing the anatase phase of TiO2 with 10-15% of brookite. These fibers, which can be manufactured under several hundred meter of length, are offering significantly improved phototocatalytic efficiency now comparable to the commercial Quartzel®PCO photocatalyst for gas-phase acetone mineralization.

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Li, Sijie, Junyu Zhong, Zhipeng Cui, Qingye Zhang, Meng Sun, and Yiqian Wang. "Electron beam-induced morphology transformations of Fe2TiO5 nanoparticles." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 7, no. 44 (2019): 13829–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tc04561a.

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46

Abdel-Razik, H. H., M. Abbo, and H. A. Almahy. "Polymer-based metal adsorbents via graft copolymerization of polyvinyl alcohol with diaminomaleonitrile: A green chemistry approach." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 125, no. 3 (January 20, 2012): 2102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.36306.

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47

Nazilya Sadiyeva, Sevil Isgenderova, Nazilya Sadiyeva, Sevil Isgenderova. "SYNTHESIS AND APPLICATION OF MIXED ETHYLENE GLYCOL DIESTERS BASED ON PETROLEUM ACIDS CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY." PAHTEI-Procedings of Azerbaijan High Technical Educational Institutions 07, no. 03 (May 25, 2021): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/0703202141.

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In order to increase the range of plasticizers and antioxidants using the ZnO catalyst, mixed ethylene glycol diesters based on petroleum and fatty acids were synthesized by a waste-free method. To determine the optimal conditions for obtaining the target products, the effect of temperature, the amount of catalyst, the molar ratio of the components involved in the reaction for the maximum yield were studied and the optimal condition was established with a yield of 90-93. The properties of mixed diesters of petroleum acids have been studied, the physicochemical parameters have been determined by analytical and spectral methods. The degree of compatibility of ethers with polyvinyl chloride and the ability to prolong the life of diesel fuel have been determined. It was found that ethers can be recommended as effective plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride and antioxidants for diesel fuel. Taking into account the wide practical application of mixed esters, including esters of petroleum acids, and their high demand, the main goal of the article is to obtain mixed ethylene glycol esters based on natural, synthetic and fatty acids with a high yield without waste method, as well as to study their properties and applications. In this article, to solve the problem posed, natural petroleum acids of the fraction 90-230ºC / 6.65 × 10-4 MPa were used in the studies, taken from the "Meriken" unit of the H. Aliyev`s New Baku Oil Refinery, as well as synthetic petroleum acids synthesized by liquid-phase oxidation with atmospheric oxygen at a temperature of 135-140°С. In the following studies, asymmetric ethylene glycol diesters were synthesized based on natural, synthetic and fatty acids of the C6-C8 series at temperatures of 80-140oC, with a catalyst amount of 0.6-1.6% by weight (with respect to acid), molar ratio of components 2:1.1-1.6, the optimal conditions were determined (T,°C = 110-120, acid: alcohol - 2:1.3-1.5 mol, ZnO - 0.8-1.5% by weight ( in relation to acid)), the properties of the synthesized mixed diesters have been studied, their indicators have been determined by modern analytical and spectral methods, and the material balance of these ethers has been compiled. Other representatives of ethylene glycol based on oil and fatty acids in a similar way were synthesized and the physicochemical parameters were determined. The synthesized products are light yellow, transparent, odorless, insoluble in water, readily soluble in organic solvents. The compatibility of mixed diesters with polyvinyl chloride (PVC), as well as the effect of diesel fuel on thermal-oxidative stability in laboratory conditions has been studied. The research results are presented below: • mixed diesters of petroleum acids have been synthesized in the presence of a ZnO catalyst by one-stage method, which makes it possible to reduce intermedi; • the influence of various amounts of catalyst, the molar ratio of the components involved in the reaction, the temperature range the course of the reaction in order to select the optimal synthesis conditions were studied, mixed esters in high yield were synthesized and their physicochemical parameters by analytical and spectral methods were determined; • the degree of compatibility of mixed diesters synthesized on the basis of petroleum and fatty acids with PVC has been studied and tested as a new component to improve the thermal stability of diesel fuel. These esters can be recommended as effective plasticizers and antioxidants. Keywords: natural petroleum acids, synthetic petroleum acids, ethylene glycol, mixed diester, plasticizer, antioxidant

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Tewari, Neeta, and A. K. Srivastava. "Poly(vinyl acetate) as a template for polymerization of methacrylic acid." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 68, no. 2 (February 1, 1990): 356–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v90-052.

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The template polymerization (TP) of methacrylic acid (MAA) using polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) of [Formula: see text] 66 400 at 60 °C for 120 minutes in dimethyl formamide (DMF) has been studied dilatometrically to study the effect of template, and of the monomer and initiator (α-α′ azobisisobutyronitrile) concentrations upon the kinetics. Viscometric measurements showed that complexation between PVAc and PMAA was maximum when the template/polymer ratio was 1:1, and the time required for complete complexation was 7 minutes. The overall energy of activation was the same, i.e., 115 kJ/mol, in the presence and absence of template. The overall system follows mechanism II. Keywords: template polymerization, polyvinyl acetate, methacrylic acid, α,α′-azobisisobutyronitrile, relative rate of polymerization.

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Rodionova, A. P., E. O. Zemlyakova, O. V. Koryakova, A. V. Mekhaev, Yu A. Azarova, S. Yu Bratskaya, and A. V. Pestov. "Chemical modification of polyvinyl chloride with thiourea." Russian Chemical Bulletin 68, no. 6 (June 2019): 1248–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11172-019-2548-6.

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Aguilar-Sanchez, Andrea, Blanca Jalvo, Andreas Mautner, Ville Rissanen, Katri S. Kontturi, Hani Nasser Abdelhamid, Tekla Tammelin, and Aji P. Mathew. "Charged ultrafiltration membranes based on TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils/poly(vinyl alcohol) antifouling coating." RSC Advances 11, no. 12 (2021): 6859–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra10220b.

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