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Journal articles on the topic 'Pond ecosystems'
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1
Gable, Thomas D., Sean M. Johnson-Bice, Austin T. Homkes, Steve K. Windels, and Joseph K. Bump. "Outsized effect of predation: Wolves alter wetland creation and recolonization by killing ecosystem engineers." Science Advances 6, no. 46 (November 2020): eabc5439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc5439.
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Gray wolves are a premier example of how predators can transform ecosystems through trophic cascades. However, whether wolves change ecosystems as drastically as previously suggested has been increasingly questioned. We demonstrate how wolves alter wetland creation and recolonization by killing dispersing beavers. Beavers are ecosystem engineers that generate most wetland creation throughout boreal ecosystems. By studying beaver pond creation and recolonization patterns coupled with wolf predation on beavers, we determined that 84% of newly created and recolonized beaver ponds remained occupied until the fall, whereas 0% of newly created and recolonized ponds remained active after a wolf killed the dispersing beaver that colonized that pond. By affecting where and when beavers engineer ecosystems, wolves alter all of the ecological processes (e.g., water storage, nutrient cycling, and forest succession) that occur due to beaver-created impoundments. Our study demonstrates how predators have an outsized effect on ecosystems when they kill ecosystem engineers.
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Liu, Fang, and Jianbo Lu. "Ecological engineering approaches to restoring the aquatic biological community of an urban pond ecosystem and its effects on water quality ‑ a case study of the urban Xixi National Wetland Park in China." Knowledge & Management of Aquatic Ecosystems, no. 422 (2021): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2021024.
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There is a global increase in urbanization, which contributes to the loss and fragmentation of urban wetland and pond habitats. Urban ponds have an important role in the ecology of urban areas, as they provide essential habitats for aquatic species. The objective of this study is to demonstrate ecological engineering approaches to restoring aquatic biological communities in an urban pond ecosystem, which can be used to achieve water purification of such ecosystems globally. The general approach of first cleaning out the ponds and then systematically applying different treatments of plants and fish was designed and implemented in the field. We used three replicated ponds per engineering treatment to determine which of the treatments was the best option based on an assessment of water quality and biological indicators. The main findings of this study were as follows: a combination of aquatic animals and aquatic plants can provide the best water purification performance; furthermore, macrobenthos, such as Bellamya purificata, can be used as biological indicator species for monitoring dominant species and water quality in a local urban pond ecosystem. In conclusion, maintaining biological species diversity over different trophic levels can provide the best water purification performance in urban pond ecosystems.
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Rabbani, Md Golam, Syed Hafizur Rahman, and Sirazoom Munira. "Prospects of pond ecosystems as resource base towards community based adaptation (CBA) to climate change in coastal region of Bangladesh." Journal of Water and Climate Change 9, no. 1 (October 3, 2017): 223–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2017.047.
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Abstract Climate-induced hazards are adversely affecting the pond ecosystems in Bangladesh. Most of the poor communities collect water from isolated ponds for drinking and other domestic needs. This paper explores how the small pond ecosystems and associated livelihoods of the coastal communities are vulnerable and argues that the pond ecosystem can be a potential resource base for community based adaptation in the coastal regions of Bangladesh. A set of quantitative and qualitative tools were applied to 309 households across five villages. The study showed that 96% of the respondents are dependent on pond water for drinking. More than 50% households expressed that temperature, rainfall variations and salinity intrusion, directly and indirectly, affect the pond water. Physical parameter values of temperature, pH and salinity from the ponds showed changes across different seasons. Drinking water scarcity during pre-monsoon (March–May), winter (Dec–Feb), disaster and immediate post-disaster period among the communities is high. Salinity intrusion and surface runoff caused by excessive rainfall in short periods also cause deterioration in the quality of pond water. However, successful examples of pond water usage emerged through the discussions, especially during a post-disaster crisis, which strengthens the idea that ponds could be a resource base for community-based adaptation in the coast of Bangladesh.
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Siddig, Ahmed A. H., John S. Richardson, and Carsten F. Dormann. "Drought may amplify the impacts of salt pollution in pond ecosystems: an experimental exploration." Fundamental and Applied Limnology / Archiv für Hydrobiologie 194, no. 1 (August 31, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/fal/2020/1225.
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Pond ecosystems are biodiversity-rich habitats, which support great biological diversity and provide important ecological services, but increasingly face risk of pollution and drought events. With increase in use of road-salts, ponds become vulnerable to high levels of salt pollution and may impair their biological communities and ecosystem functions. However, understanding the impacts of these two threats combined are limited. In this study, we experimentally investigated the impacts of road-salt pollution and the expected future increase in drought events on ponds' physical conditions, communities and ecosystem functions. In a two-way factorial design, 20 experimental mesocosms were used to test the individual and combined effects of climate change-driven drought events and salt pollution on natural pond ecosystems. Treatments were presence or absence of water salinization to mimic pollution by road-salts, and drying to mimic drought events. Our drought treatment doubled water salinity during the experimental period. While salt additions significantly affected ponds' physical conditions and leaf litter decomposition, both salt additions and drying showed no independent impacts on pond biota and ecosystem functions. However, our path analysis revealed that drying indirectly reduced leaf litter decomposition and eco-system productivity through changes in ponds' physical conditions, although it did not affect biomass of insects and periphyton. Overall, our findings suggest that anticipated drought events will amplify road-salt pollution, and subsequently affect ponds' biodiversity, food webs, and ecosystem functions. Implications for restoration, conservation and climate change adaptation may include actively managing snow-melting salts and long-term monitoring of changes in ponds' biophysical conditions and ecological functions.
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Kumar, Manoj, and Pratap Padhy. "Environmental Perspectives of Pond Ecosystems: Global Issues, Services and Indian Scenarios." Current World Environment 10, no. 3 (December 25, 2015): 848–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.10.3.16.
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Ponds are an integral component of the hydrological system; and perform diverse roles in the biosphere. Studies on pond ecosystems are, however, often neglected, probably, due to their little size. There is no doubt that little things perform many important activities in our lives. The literature survey on pond environment studies shows very little investigative works in India; and there is no review publication on pond environment reports. In Europe, pond conservation initiative has, however, resulted in many studies on the subject. In Indian perspectives, when there is a dearth of studies on ponds, it is futile to say that there is any concrete institutional initiative on pond conservation. The 2010-2011 report of the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) shows that there are only 60 CPCB pond water quality monitoring stations in the country. In these scenarios, an attempt has been made in this manuscript to compile the reports on pond environment in India. The problems faced by ponds in India, mostly from pollution and encroachment, have been discussed in the text. Based on outcomes of different pond reports, some suggestions have been discussed in the end of the manuscript for an effective pond conservation initiative, and their sustainable management in India.
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Yunus, Budiman, and Dan Basse Siang Parawansa. "MANAGEMENT OF SILVOFISHERY PONDS BASED ON PUBLIC KNOWLEDGE AND MOTIVATION IN COASTAL AREA OF PANGKEP REGENCY." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, no. 3 (May 24, 2020): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i3.2020.126.
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This study aims to analyze the management pattern of integrated mangrove ponds (silvofishery) as a form of creating an environmentally friendly ecosystem and the sustainable use of its resources. The study was conducted through direct observation of three silvofishery patterns that were developed based on the level of knowledge and motivation of the farm-pond community in the coastal area of archipelago Pangkajene District, Pangkep Regency. The research variables consist of 3 integrated management patterns, namely: 1) embankment path pattern, 2) trench path pattern, and 3) complangan pond pattern. These three patterns want to know their contribution to the production of Chanos chanos biomass, Penaeid shrimp, and Scylla sp., as a natural biodiversity and as indicator of environmentally friendly and sustainable ecosystems. Knowledge and motivation data on environmental management (silvofishery) are analyzed based on Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Whereas the production of 3 silvofishery patterns were analyzed by Anova by SRD (0.05) test. The results showed knowledge and motivation contribute positively to the management of integrated silvofishery patterns. Furthermore, these three patterns of silvofishery contribute positively in maintaining pond production (milkfish, shrimp and crab), where the silvofishery pond pattern gives a greater influence value, and supports the realization of sustainable management of integrated ecosystems of mangroves and ponds.
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Holgerson, Meredith A., Max R. Lambert, L. Kealoha Freidenburg, and David K. Skelly. "Suburbanization alters small pond ecosystems: shifts in nitrogen and food web dynamics." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 75, no. 4 (April 2018): 641–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2016-0526.
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Small ponds often survive the transition from forested to suburban land cover and provide habitat for many species, yet little is known about how suburbanization affects pond ecosystems. We surveyed 18 small ponds across a forest-to-suburban land cover gradient and compared how physical and chemical changes altered biological and ecosystem properties, such as nutrient and food web dynamics. Suburbanization decreased canopy cover, increased water temperatures, and increased periphyton chlorophyll a, but was associated with only weak increases in total nutrients. Yet, stable isotope analysis indicated that suburbanization altered nitrogen dynamics and resource use in the food web. We observed increases in δ15N in algae, biofilm, and frog larvae across the suburban gradient, indicative of wastewater intrusion. Suburbanization also shifted the energy and nutrient source of a dominant consumer (Rana sylvatica; = Lithobates sylvaticus) from leaf litter to algae. Overall, we identified cryptic changes to suburban pond ecosystems, highlighting that suburbanization can profoundly impact nutrients and food web resources. As residential land use increases globally, we may expect substantial shifts in nutrient dynamics and food web pathways.
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Start, Denon. "Predator macroevolution drives trophic cascades and ecosystem functioning." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285, no. 1883 (July 25, 2018): 20180384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0384.
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Biologists now recognize that ecology can drive evolution, and that evolution in turn produces ecological patterns. I extend this thinking to include longer time scales, suggesting that macroevolutionary transitions can create phenotypic differences among species, which then have predictable impacts on species interactions, community assembly and ecosystem functioning. Repeated speciation can exacerbate these patterns by creating communities with similar phenotypes and hence ecological impacts. Here, I use several experiments to test these ideas in dragonfly larvae that occupy ponds with fish, ponds without fish, or both. I show that macroevolutionary transitions between habitats cause fishless pond species to be more active relative to fish pond specialists, reducing prey abundance, shifting prey community composition and creating stronger trophic cascades. These effects scale up to the community level with predictable consequences for ecosystem multi-functioning. I suggest that macroevolutionary history can have predictable impacts on phenotypic traits, with consequences for interacting species and ecosystems.
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Michelutti, Neal, Bronwyn E. Keatley, Samantha Brimble, Jules M. Blais, Huijun Liu, Marianne S. V. Douglas, Mark L. Mallory, Robie W. Macdonald, and John P. Smol. "Seabird-driven shifts in Arctic pond ecosystems." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 276, no. 1656 (October 21, 2008): 591–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2008.1103.
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Migratory animals such as seabirds, salmon and whales can transport large quantities of nutrients across ecosystem boundaries, greatly enriching recipient food webs. As many of these animals biomagnify contaminants, they can also focus pollutants at toxic levels. Seabirds arguably represent the most significant biovectors of nutrients and contaminants from the ocean to the land, given their sheer numbers and global distribution. However, long-term census data on seabirds are rare. Using palaeolimnological proxies, we show that a colony of Arctic seabirds has experienced climate-induced population increases in recent decades. We then document increasing concentrations of contaminants, including polychlorinated biphenyls and cadmium, in pond sediments that are linked to biotransport by seabirds. Our findings suggest that climate-related shifts in global seabird populations will have the unexpected consequence of restructuring coastal ecosystems.
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Wijayanti, Hendry, and Andy Darmawan. "Comparative Study on Phytoplankton Community in Two Newly Dug Ponds in Institut Teknologi Sumatera." Jurnal Biodjati 5, no. 1 (May 30, 2020): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/biodjati.v5i1.7996.
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Phytoplankton community plays an important ecological role in the aquatic ecosystems as the primary producers and forms the fundament of the aquatic food chain for supporting the water community. Thus, the phytoplankton community structure is a good indicator of water quality due to its sensitiveness to environmental stresses. Two newly dug ponds in Institut Teknologi Sumatera may give an opportunity to study the early colonizing stages of various freshwater communities including phytoplankton. The study attempted to determine the composition and abundance of phytoplankton. Samples were collected from two ponds (A and C) in the reservoir water of Institut Teknologi Sumatera. The content of Phosphorus (P), Nitrogen (N), and Chlorophyll-a (algae biomass) were determined. Phytoplankton had higher diversity in Pond C than Pond A in the study period, in which a total of seven taxa were found, namely Bacillariophycea, Cyanophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Conjugatophyceae, Dinophyceae, Euglenophyceae, Gymnodiniaceae. The most species abundance of both ponds was Peridinium sp. and Trachelomonas sp. The Pond C had the highest mean value of the Shannon-Wiener diversity index. The Linear mixed-effect model showed that low turbidity will result in high phytoplankton diversity. The finding of this study suggests that higher phytoplankton diversity would achieve a natural carrying capacity, and thus would serves as an indicator of ecosystem health.
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LeBlanc, F. A., D. Gallant, L. Vasseur, and L. Léger. "Unequal summer use of beaver ponds by river otters: influence of beaver activity, pond size, and vegetation cover." Canadian Journal of Zoology 85, no. 7 (July 2007): 774–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z07-056.
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River otters ( Lontra canadensis (Schreber, 1777)) and beavers ( Castor canadensis Kuhl, 1820) are semi-aquatic mammals that can occur sympatrically in freshwater ecosystems of North America, including beaver ponds. Although little research has been done on the relationship between these species, it has been described as commensal. Relatively little is known about what pond characteristics potentially influence otter use. During the summer of 2004, we documented otter activity signs (i.e., feces) at 56 beaver ponds located in Kouchibouguac National Park of Canada, along the east coast of New Brunswick. We sought to identify which of 16 variables describing pond attributes were related to otter use. Otter activity at beaver ponds was positively associated with beaver presence, pond size, and vegetation cover. We discuss how these pond characteristics can benefit otters in terms of two key habitat needs, availability of prey and shelter. Our results are a first indication that the source–sink dynamic of beavers, whereby ponds are created, expanded, and abandoned, will create a mosaic of ponds that ultimately influences the river otter’s own pattern of habitat use and distribution.
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Clyde, N., K. E. Hargan, M. R. Forbes, S. A. Iverson, J. M. Blais, J. P. Smol, J. K. Bump, and H. G. Gilchrist. "Seaduck engineers in the Arctic Archipelago: nesting eiders deliver marine nutrients and transform the chemistry of island soils, plants, and ponds." Oecologia 195, no. 4 (March 6, 2021): 1041–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-021-04889-9.
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AbstractSeabirds are thought to provide ecological services such as the movement of nutrients between marine and terrestrial ecosystems, which may be especially critical to productivity and diversity in nutrient-poor environments. Most Arctic ecosystems are unaffected by local human impacts and are naturally nutrient poor and especially sensitive to warming. Here, we assessed the effects of nesting common eider ducks (Somateria mollissima) on soil, vegetation, and pond sediments on island archipelagoes in Hudson Strait between Nunavut and Québec, Canada. Soil, moss, and pond sediments were significantly higher in nitrogen on islands with large numbers of nesting eiders compared to sites with no nesting birds. The highest concentrations of nitrogen in soils and moss occurred at the margins of ponds on eider islands, which correspond to the areas of highest eider use. δ15N and δ34S values in soils, moss, and sediments indicated substantial marine-derived organic matter inputs at the higher nutrient sites. We propose that by foraging on coastal marine benthic invertebrates and returning to islands to nest, eider ducks bio-transport and concentrate marine-derived nutrients to their colony islands, fertilizing Arctic island ecosystems in the process. As common eiders nest on thousands of low to mid-latitude islands throughout the circumpolar Arctic, these nutrient inputs likely dramatically affect biota and ecosystem functioning throughout the tundra biome.
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Canovas, S., B. Picot, C. Casellas, H. Zulkifi, A. Dubois, and J. Bontoux. "Seasonal development of phytoplankton and zooplankton in a high-rate algal pond." Water Science and Technology 33, no. 7 (March 1, 1996): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0139.
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An experiment with high rate algal ponds (HRAP) was carried out in the Mediterranean region. Plankton populations and physicochemical parameters were measured weekly over a two year period in a high rate algal pond treating domestic wastewater. The residence time was kept at 8 days. The pond was mixed with a paddle wheel. The objective of the work presented here was to characterise the seasonal successions of phytoplankton and zooplankton in this hypereutrophic ecosystem. There was intensive photosynthetic activity in the pond. Chlorophyll concentrations approached 5 mg/l. Because of the extremely eutrophic environment, phytoplanktonic diversity was restricted (3-12 taxa). Chlorella and Scenedesmus were the predominant taxonomic units. Scenedesmus dominated in Spring whilst Chlorella, with its more rapid reproduction rate, dominated during the months with lower irradiance (winter and autumn) when there was less predation. The influence of seasonal factors on the zooplankton translated into alternating populations dominated by protozoa with a short generation time in autumn and winter and metazoans (with a longer generation time) in spring and summer. A multivariate factor analysis of the variables sampled showed the effect of the physico-chemical variables on the major plankton successions in this ecosystem. A comparison of the successions in this hypereutrophic ecosystem with those observed and modelled by Sommer (1989) in the natural environment showed a good correlation between these two ecosystems despite their differences in hydrodynamic characteristics.
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Bíró, Péter. "Management of pond ecosystems and trophic webs." Aquaculture 129, no. 1-4 (January 1995): 373–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(94)00291-u.
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Doi, Hideyuki, Kwang-Hyeon Chang, Takamitsu Ando, Ippei Ninomiya, Hiroyuki Imai, and Shin-ichi Nakano. "Resource availability and ecosystem size predict food-chain length in pond ecosystems." Oikos 118, no. 1 (January 2009): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0706.2008.17171.x.
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Haryadi, Joni, Hadiyanto Hadiyanto, and Mufti Petala Patria. "THE ROLE OF MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITIES AS AN INDICATOR FOR THE FERTILITY OF MANGROVE POND: CASE STUDY AT BLANAKAN, SUBANG, WEST JAVA." Indonesian Aquaculture Journal 9, no. 2 (December 31, 2014): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/iaj.9.2.2014.113-121.
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Macrobenthic in mangrove ecosystems plays an important role as removal particles from the water column to the sediments. Ecology indexes of macrobenthic communities were used in this study as an indicator for the fertility of mangrove pond ecosystems. The study was carried out at mangrove pond in Blanakan, West Java. Data was collected from four sampling sites: opened pond (TB), sylvofishery pond (TS), sedimented pond (TT), and conservation pond (TP). Some ecological indexes such as Margalef’s Index (R), Shannon-Wiener Index (H’), Pielou Evenness Index (E), and Simpson Dominance Index (D) were used to analyze macrobenthic communities. The results showed that infaunal macrobenthic communities were stable at TP with R: 1.91±0.42, H’: 1.59±0.30, E: 0.74±0.14, and D: 0.29±0.12. They were unstable at TB with R: 1.63±0.80, H’: 1.36±0.32, E: 0.74±0.06, and D: 0.35±0.07. The macrobenthic communities can be used as indicator for the fertility of mangrove pond in Blanakan, West Java.
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Alfiansah, Yustian Rovi. "Aggregates in aquatic ecosystems and implications for aquacultures." Marine Research in Indonesia 45, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/mri.v45i2.584.
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Agglomerations of suspended particulate matter serve various roles in aquatic ecosystems. They participate in nutrient and energy fluxes and are involved in important food web processes. While comprehensive studies on aggregates are available from natural freshwater and marine ecosystems, little is known about the roles of aggregates in aquacultures, particularly in shrimp pond farming. As particle-rich systems, shrimp ponds and marine aquaculture (mariculture) areas constitute interesting objects for aggregate studies, particularly as a source of natural feed, particle fluxes, microbial communities, including pathogenic bacteria, and possible vector of disease widespread. The aims of this review are i) to compile the current knowledge on the role of aggregates in aquatic ecosystems, particularly in aquaculture areas covering advantages and negative side effects of aggregates in aquacultures, ii) to explore the role of aggregates in disease ecology, and iii) perspective of aquaculture management in the context of aggregate utilization and management. Since Southeast Asia, especially Indonesia, is among the most important regions for aquaculture activities, this review focuses on Indonesian aquacultures. Although aquacultures produce important amounts of aggregates, including its associated microbial communities, they are rarely investigated in Indonesian aquacultures, particularly in shrimp pond farming. In contrast, most of the studies focused on bacterial cultivation and utilization of isolates for aquacultures. Thus, understanding the ecological roles of aggregates in aquacultures may support the improvement of aquaculture management and yields.
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Wang, L. L., C. C. Song, and G. S. Yang. "Dissolved organic carbon characteristics in surface ponds from contrasting wetland ecosystems: a case study in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 17, no. 1 (January 29, 2013): 371–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-371-2013.
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Abstract. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is a significant component of carbon and nutrient cycling in fluvial ecosystems. Natural wetlands, as important DOC sources for river and ocean ecosystems, have experienced extensive natural and anthropogenic disturbances such as climate change, hydrological variations and land use change in recent years. The DOC characteristics in surface ponds from contrasting wetlands in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeastern China were investigated. Surface ponds at seven sites (two natural phialiform wetlands, three natural riparian wetlands, one degraded wetland and one artificial wetland, i.e., rice paddy) were monitored during the growing seasons of 2009 and 2010. The results show that the surface ponds at the five natural wetland sites exhibited a wide range of DOC concentrations (10.06–48.73 mg L−1) during the study period. The DOC concentrations showed no annual differences (P > 0.05) at all the wetland sites, except one of the phialiform wetland sites. The two phialiform wetlands exhibited higher DOC concentrations than the three riparian wetlands (P < 0.05). The DOC concentration in the surface pond at the artificial wetland site was relatively low (P < 0.05) compared to that at the degraded wetland site. The C/C ratios (the color per carbon unit ratio, Abs400/DOC concentration) showed inconsistent variations among these seven wetland sites, while the E4/E6 ratio (Abs465/Abs665, fulvic acid/humic acid) from the surface pond in the rice paddy land exerted 42.07–55.36% reductions (P < 0.05), compared to those at the five natural wetland sites. Furthermore, the E4/E6 ratio in the surface pond at the rice paddy site was significantly lower compared to that at the degraded wetland site (P < 0.05), which indicated that disturbance to wetland DOC in surface ponds might be stronger when natural wetlands were converted to rice paddies in comparison with wetland degradation. This study could not only provide insightful points for understanding the aquatic DOC dynamics from different wetland ecosystems, but also support data information for incorporating the aquatic DOC into the model for regional carbon budgets in the future.
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Vigneron, Adrien, Perrine Cruaud, Najat Bhiry, Connie Lovejoy, and Warwick F. Vincent. "Microbial Community Structure and Methane Cycling Potential along a Thermokarst Pond-Peatland Continuum." Microorganisms 7, no. 11 (October 24, 2019): 486. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7110486.
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The thawing of ice-rich permafrost soils in northern peatlands leads to the formation of thermokarst ponds, surrounded by organic-rich soils. These aquatic ecosystems are sites of intense microbial activity, and CO2 and CH4 emissions. Many of the pond systems in northern landscapes and their surrounding peatlands are hydrologically contiguous, but little is known about the microbial connectivity of concentric habitats around the thermokarst ponds, or the effects of peat accumulation and infilling on the microbial communities. Here we investigated microbial community structure and abundance in a thermokarst pond-peatland system in subarctic Canada. Several lineages were ubiquitous, supporting a prokaryotic continuum from the thermokarst pond to surrounding peatlands. However, the microbial community structure shifted from typical aerobic freshwater microorganisms (Betaproteobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria) in the pond towards acidophilic and anaerobic lineages (Acidobacteria and Choroflexi) in the connected peatland waters, likely selected by the acidification of the water by Sphagnum mosses. Marked changes in abundance and community composition of methane cycling microorganisms were detected along the thermokarst pond-peatland transects, suggesting fine tuning of C-1 carbon cycling within a highly connected system, and warranting the need for higher spatial resolution across the thermokarst landscape to accurately predict net greenhouse gas emissions from northern peatlands.
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Nardelli, Margaret S., André A. Padial, Denise C. Bicudo, Claudia M. d. S. Cordovil, and Silvio C. Sampaio. "Variation of Diatoms at Different Scales in the Brazilian Pantanal Basin." Water 13, no. 6 (March 17, 2021): 823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13060823.
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(1) Background: We analyzed the diatom community structure of the surface sediments, in three permanent ponds in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso, Brazil, to better understand how biota in these aquatic environments depend on structural connectivity and functional connectivity: (2) Methods: Ten samples sites were established in each pond, water and the sediment were taken during the flood period. Abiotic–biotic variables were determined and standardized; (3) Results: The three ponds presented acidic water and high concentration of nitrogen, with the highest acidity for Ferradura Pond (P1) and the highest trophic status index for Burro Pond (P2), but the greatest environmental variations occurred in Caracará Pond (P3). The variation in diversity between sites in the same pond is what contributes the most to gamma diversity. The most abundant species was Aulacoseiraitalica (Ehrenberg) Simonsen and the genus Eunotia Ehrenberg was the most representative in species. Ferradura Pond, there was a relationship between compositional and environmental dissimilarities with geographic distance, but there was no independent. Burro Pond, the relationship the compositional variation with environmental variables was not significant. Caracará Pond, there was a relationship of compositional dissimilarity both with geographical distance and with environmental; (4) Conclusions: The set of results suggests that the mechanisms that determine the metacommunity of each pond are different and that the environmental conditions and dispersion influenced the structure and composition. Since, diatom species were different between ponds, and ponds more eutrophic showed less diversity. The pH and oligotrophy were the main factors to maintain the greatest diversity of species of the genus Eunotia and the greatest abundance of Aulacoseira italica. Knowing the dynamics and structure of diatoms, which are at the beginning of the food chain, is essential for conserving, maintaining, or rehabilitating wetland ecosystems, such as the Pantanal, which is part La Plata river basin, which represents the second largest surface for water resources in South America and the Guarani Aquifer System, the biggest unified groundwater aquifer in the world.
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Morrill, P. K., and B. R. Neal. "Impact of deltamethrin insecticide on Chironomidae (Diptera) of prairie ponds." Canadian Journal of Zoology 68, no. 2 (February 1, 1990): 289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z90-043.
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Deltamethrin insecticide was applied by air, at recommended field application rates (7.5 g/ha), to two prairie ponds in June, 1986. Larval and emerging Chironomidae densities were monitored in the treated ponds and in two untreated ponds for 1 month prior to spraying, the remainder of the summer after spraying, and in the late part of the following spring. Following deltamethrin application, the density of chironomid larvae declined by two orders of magnitude in the treated ponds relative to the untreated ponds, with all genera being affected. Chironomid emergence declined in both the treated and untreated ponds. The pattern of recovery of the chironomid community was followed by multivariate analysis of larval genera abundances and qualitative comparisons of emerging species. The two treated ponds recovered at different rates: the community in one pond appeared to have recovered by 2 months after treatment, whereas that of the other treated pond showed little recovery until 1 year following treatment. In view of the high natural variation of chironomid communities and their habitats on the prairies, basic knowledge about these temporary pond ecosystems must be gathered in order to understand the long-term impact on such habitats of using deltamethrin and other insecticides.
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STARLING, F. L. do R. M. "Comparative study of the zooplankton composition of six lacustrine ecosystems in Central Brazil during the dry season." Revista Brasileira de Biologia 60, no. 1 (February 2000): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-71082000000100013.
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Zooplankton community from six lacustrine ecosystems located in Federal District (Central Brazil) was studied based on samples collected during the dry season (July to September). A total of 71 taxa were recorded: 44 rotifers, 17 cladocerans and 10 copepods. The highest number of zooplankton species was recorded in oligotrophic Bonita Pond (32 species) and the lowest number in hypertrophic waste stabilisation ponds (7 species). This tendency of decreasing the diversity with increasing trophic level was consistent with a cluster analysis of the samples based on Sorensen index of similarity. From the overall similarity dendrogram, two groups of ecosystems were distinguished: one containing the natural ponds Bonita and Formosa and the other comprising the reservoirs Santa Maria, Descoberto and Paranoá. The role of morphometric features in determining the zooplankton community in such lacustrine ecosystems was also discussed.
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Ray, A. M., A. J. Rebertus, and H. L. Ray. "Macrophyte succession in Minnesota beaver ponds." Canadian Journal of Botany 79, no. 4 (April 1, 2001): 487–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b01-018.
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Beavers (Castor canadensis Kuhl.) are keystone species that dramatically alter nutrient cycles and food webs in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems by modifying their hydrology and selectively removing riparian trees. We documented macrophyte succession in 36 beaver ponds ranging from 4 to over 40 years old. We used impounded bogs, because they were isolated from other waterbodies and less prone to washout. Richness and diversity increased linearly in ponds during the first four decades. Pond age and the product of pond size and the number of neighboring ponds in a 0.25-km radius explained 64% (p = 0.001) of the variation in richness. Compositional trends were best explained by propagule dispersal traits. Initial colonists included vagile species, like free-floating macrophytes and desirable foods for waterfowl, like the narrow-leaved pondweeds. Ponds of intermediate age (1140 years) had the highest diversity, with both floating-leaved and submersed life forms represented. Two community types were identified in older ponds: one characterized by dense lily pad cover and the other characterized by a rich assemblage of Potamogeton. By developing a predictive model for macrophyte succession in beaver ponds, we provide a basis for studying a variety of ecological processes and organisms that depend on macrophytes in these regionally abundant habitats.Key words: macrophyte, succession, beaver, bogs, Minnesota, pond.
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Sierszen, Michael E., Harry L. Boston, and Michael J. Horn. "Zooplankton population dynamics in experimentally toxified pond ecosystems." SIL Proceedings, 1922-2010 24, no. 3 (June 1991): 1517–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03680770.1989.11899012.
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PIEDRAHITA, R. H. "Introduction to computer modeling of aquaculture pond ecosystems." Aquaculture Research 19, no. 1 (January 1988): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1988.tb00328.x.
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Muhammad, Fuad, Munifatul Izzati, and Moch Abdul Mukid. "Makrobenthos Sebagai Indikator Tingkat Kesuburan Tambak Di Pantai Utara Jawa Tengah." Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi 19, no. 1 (September 8, 2017): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/bioma.19.1.38-46.
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Makrobenthos that live in the mangrove forest can be used to predict the role or contribution of mangrove ecosystems as a source of natural food for the environment. The aims of research to determine the structure, composition, abundance, diversity makrobenthos of the mangrove ecosystem. The study was conducted by comparing the community structure makrobenthos in pond ecosystem with mangrove vegetation constituent . The location of this study include three areas , Mangunharjo (Semarang), Surodadi (Demak) and Pasarbangi (Rembang). The result can shows makrobentos species composition is dominated by gastropods ( 18 species) , Bivalvia ( 13 species ) , Polychaeta ( 3 types ) , and crustaceans ( 2 types ) . Cerithium and Littorina scabra is a type that has a high density of the mangrove ecosystem . There are differences in the abundance and diversity of plankton and makrobenthos at three study sites. In general Pasarbangi Coast has the highest abundance and diversity . Macrozoobenthos community structure in mangrove ecosystems that exist in the three study sites in a stable state , species diversity and distribution of the number of individuals of each type of uniform . Pasarbangi area with mangrove vegetation polyculture farms , have high primary productivity . This shows the level of primer productivity at the site is also high . Keywords: community structure, macrobenthos, pond ecosystem
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Vaslet, Amandine, Christine France, Carole C. Baldwin, and Ilka C. Feller. "Dietary habits of juveniles of the Mayan cichlid, Cichlasoma urophthalmus, in mangrove ponds of an offshore islet in Belize, Central America." Neotropical Ichthyology 10, no. 3 (September 2012): 667–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252012000300021.
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Foraging habitats of juveniles of the Mayan cichlid, Cichlasoma urophthalmus (Günther, 1862), were investigated in two mangrove ponds located in Twin Cays offshore islet in Belize: Sink Hole pond (SH) and Hidden Lake pond (HL). Sink Hole pond is a semiclosed body of water, whereas Hidden Lake pond is connected by a channel to adjacent seagrass beds that surround the islet. Gut contents of 21 juvenile C. urophthalmus (9.8-13.2 cm total length) were analyzed, and five prey taxa were identified. In both mangrove ponds, C. urophthalmus were opportunistic carnivores and consumed primarily crustaceans. Plant material and detritus present in gut contents were most likely ingested incidentally when the fish foraged on small invertebrates. Carbon isotopic values of fish specimens from the two ponds were similar (mean ± SD of -19.2 ± 0.4‰ in SH and -19.4 ± 0.4‰ in HL), and were close to those of mangrove prey (mean ± SD = -20.2 ± 1.5‰), suggesting that this fish species forages in this habitat. Mixing models showed a higher contribution of mangrove food sources to the fish diet than seagrass food sources. This study reveals that young Mayan cichlids, inhabiting two Belize mangrove ponds, are generalists and opportunistic carnivores that forage on mangrove food sources and do not appear to move to adjacent seagrass beds to complement their diets. Understanding trophic linkages between aquatic consumers and food resources may contribute to better management of threatened coastal ecosystems.
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Gómez, E., J. Paing, C. Casellas, and B. Picot. "Characterisation of phosphorus in sediments from waste stabilization ponds." Water Science and Technology 42, no. 10-11 (November 1, 2000): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0656.
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The waste stabilization pond (WSP) systems are useful for the treatment of wastewater. Despite a good knowledge of these systems, the dynamics of phosphorus elimination in these systems are not well known, especially concerning the forms of phosphorus in the sediment. Phosphorus dynamics were studied with data collected from the three stabilization ponds of the Mèze (France) system. A conceptual model based on theoretical considerations was developed, and applied to each pond. The percentage of observed variation described by these models ranged between 46.2% and 74.1%. The results showed that the principal variables affecting orthophosphate in WSP systems were phosphorus input and particulate phosphorus. When the model was applied to high rate algal pond (HRAP) data, the role of photosynthesis on pH increase and P precipitation was clear. Sediments sampled in the three facultative ponds were characterised with a fractionation scheme, currently used for sediments of natural aquatic ecosystems. Inorganic phosphorus accounted for 92-94% of total sediment phosphorus, with 57–59% bound to iron hydroxides and 33–37% bound to calcium. Surprisingly, organic phosphorus represented only between 6 and 8%. Polyphosphate was detected. Phosphorus concentration was greatest in the sediment from the third pond, where an aerobic layer at the sediment surface prevented phosphorus release.
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Klemmer, Amanda J., Mark L. Galatowitsch, and Angus R. McIntosh. "Cross-ecosystem bottlenecks alter reciprocal subsidies within meta-ecosystems." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1929 (June 17, 2020): 20200550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.0550.
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Reciprocal subsidies link ecosystems into meta-ecosystems, but energy transfer to organisms that do not cross boundaries may create sinks, reducing reciprocal subsidy transfer. We investigated how the type of subsidy and top predator presence influenced reciprocal flows of energy, by manipulating the addition of terrestrial leaf and terrestrial insect subsidies to experimental freshwater pond mesocosms with and without predatory fish. Over 18 months, fortnightly addition of subsidies (terrestrial beetle larvae) to top-predators was crossed with monthly addition of subsidies (willow leaves) to primary consumers in mesocosms with and without top predators (upland bullies) in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design in four replicate blocks. Terrestrial insect subsidies increased reciprocal flows, measured as the emergence of aquatic insects out of mesocosms, but leaf subsidies dampened those effects. However, the presence of fish and snails, consumers with no terrestrial life stage, usurped and retained the energy within in the aquatic ecosystem, creating a cross-ecosystem bottleneck to energy flow. Thus, changes in species composition of donor or recipient food webs within a meta-ecosystems can alter reciprocal subsidies through cross-ecosystem bottlenecks.
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Natalia Siahaan, Irene, Jafron Wasiq, and Kismartini. "Mangrove management strategy to support fisheries in Mangunharjo Village, Semarang City." E3S Web of Conferences 202 (2020): 06016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020206016.
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Mangrove ecosystems have unique characteristics and forms and have functions and benefits as a development resource both as an economic resource and an ecological resource that has long been felt by the people who live around the coastal area. In the last few years, mangrove ecosystems in Mangunharjo Urban Village have been continuously under pressure due to human activities. The main factors causing mangrove damage, namely: (1) Pollution, (2) Conversion of mangrove ecosystems into ponds and (3) Excessive logging. Mangunharjo Village has brackish water fishery potential by having a pond area of ± 10.45 hectares. The research method used in this research is to use a descriptive research method. The data collection technique used is the study of literature. The results showed that the condition of mangrove ecosystems in Mangunharjo Subdistrict decreased from 1990 to 1995 by 50%, but began to increase again in 2002 to 2015 by 18.42%. Mangrove species found in this study were Rhizophora sp, Avicennia sp, Xylocarpus sp and Bruguiera sp. Mangunharjo mangrove ecosystem has the highest density of mangrove species, namely Avicennia sp. As for the results of the analysis of the extent of mangrove ecosystems on the coast of Mangunharjo with the results of fisheries production, it shows that during the period before abrasion the farmer's income was IDR 1,000,000.00 / day these conditions continue to decline to IDR 100,000.00 to IDR 30,000.00 / day until early in 2000.
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Shih, Naai-Jung, and Yi-Ting Qiu. "The Morphology of Evolved Urban Fabric around Farm Ponds." Remote Sensing 13, no. 3 (January 27, 2021): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13030437.
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Resilience, water-based ecosystems, and regional urbanization are closely related. Ponds, as a part of water-based ecosystems, are subject to the indicators of urbanization. The farm ponds in Taoyuan, Taiwan, represent a sustainable fulfillment of irrigation demand and are a system that has been resilient to the topological change in plate elevation over time. The old system was developed in three stages and gradually replaced by canals and reservoirs, with lands abolished or demolished for other purposes. This study aimed to investigate the resilience of farm ponds based on a quantitative estimation of the morphologically evolved urban fabric. Based on five types of map resources, case studies were made on the ponds located near or away from the Green Line of the Taoyuan Rapid Transit System in order to explore their potential relationship with urbanization and the concept of transit-oriented development (TOD). The results show high dynamics of land-use changes while each one was surrounded by a specific urban fabric and contributed to the individual history, designated role, and major type of buildings developed. Quantitative estimation made from satellite images found the developing patterns of resilience in different convergence stages. Each of the four pond cases represents a different stage and application pattern to the integration of water and urban resilience and, in the meantime, maintains the old pond culture. The verification of the water surface area was compared between former 3D scans and satellite images.
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Lagutkina, Lina Yurievna, Evgeniia Kuzmina, Maria Georgievna Biryukova, and Elena Pershina. "Bioproductivity of ponds of VI fish breeding zone." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Fishing industry 2019, no. 4 (December 13, 2019): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-5529-2019-4-87-94.
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Abstract. The paper highlights the prospects of cultivating heat-loving species, such as Australian crayfish and freshwater shrimps in the VI fish breeding zone. Australian crayfish and freshwater shrimps breeding is considered economically attractive for entrepreneurs, having a limited area for farming facilities. At the same time, pond ecosystems require the individual approach and close study in terms of the environmental conditions for the cultivated species upkeeping and the natural forage base that determine the pond biological productivity. Today, there are no clear recommendations on the summer keeping warmwater aquaculture species, in particular, Australian crayfish and freshwater shrimp in the Astrakhan region. To cultivate the new objects of warmwater aquaculture in 2017-2019 the small innovative enterprise Modern Sharapovskiy Fish Breeding Complex researched the production potential of ponds of various categories for receiving marketable products; there was studied the forage base, biomass of zooplankton and zoobenthos satisfying the nutritional needs of farmed objects. As a result of experimental work, it was found that in pond No.2, where freshwater shrimps were grown, there were registered 5 species of Cladocera and 1species of Rotifera, while in pond No.1 used for breeding Australian crayfish there were registered 4 species of Rotifera and only 1 species of Cladocera. Presumably, the observed species composition of the studied ponds is specified by the selectivity of the cultivated objects in zooplankton consumption. The possibility of increasing the bio-productivity of ponds by alternate growing aquaculture and agricultural products has been considered.
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Brönmark, Christer, and Lars-Anders Hansson. "Environmental issues in lakes and ponds: current state and perspectives." Environmental Conservation 29, no. 3 (September 2002): 290–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892902000218.
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Lakes and ponds are habitats of great human importance as they provide water for domestic, industrial and agricultural use as well as providing food. In spite of their fundamental importance to humans, freshwater systems have been severely affected by a multitude of anthropogenic disturbances, which have led to serious negative effects on the structure and function of these ecosystems. The aim of the present study is to review the current state of lake and pond ecosystems and to present a likely scenario for threats against these ecosystems for the time horizon of the year 2025. Predictions are based on a review of the current state, projections of long-term trends, for example in population and global climate, and an analysis of the trends in publications in the scientific literature during the past 25 years (1975–2000). The biodiversity of lake and pond ecosystems is currently threatened by a number of human disturbances, of which the most important include increased nutrient load, contamination, acid rain and invasion of exotic species. Analysis of trends suggests that older, well known threats to biodiversity such as eutrophication, acidification and contamination by heavy metals and organochlorines may become less of a problem in developed countries in the future. New threats such as global warming, ultraviolet radiation, endocrine disruptors and, especially, invasion by exotic species including transgenic organisms will most likely increase in importance. However, in developing countries where priorities other than environmental conservation exist, the threat of eutrophication, acidification and contamination by toxic substances is predicted to continue to increase. Although the future of biodiversity in lakes and ponds is seriously threatened, growing concern for environmental problems, implementation of new environmental strategies and administrations, and international agreements, are positive signs of changes that should improve the ability to manage old as well as new, yet undiscovered, threats.
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Preston, Daniel L., Sarah A. Orlofske, Jason P. Lambden, and Pieter T. J. Johnson. "Biomass and productivity of trematode parasites in pond ecosystems." Journal of Animal Ecology 82, no. 3 (March 12, 2013): 509–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12030.
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Rowland, Freya E., Madelyn B. Rawlings, and Raymond D. Semlitsch. "Joint effects of resources and amphibians on pond ecosystems." Oecologia 183, no. 1 (October 7, 2016): 237–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-016-3748-5.
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Yi, Cuiyu, Jiafeng Li, Chenrong Zhang, Fan Pan, and Changfang Zhou. "In Situ Monitoring of a Eutrophicated Pond Revealed Complex Dynamics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Triggered by Decomposition of Floating-Leaved Macrophytes." Water 13, no. 13 (June 24, 2021): 1751. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13131751.
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To explore the influence of the decomposition of aquatic macrophytes on water quality in eutrophicated aquatic ecosystems and the interacting environmental factors that trigger nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) dynamics, a suburban pond with floating-leaved macrophytes (Pond A) as well as another nearby newly dug pond without any obvious aquatic macrophytes (Pond B) were studied. N and P levels together with a series of parameters relating to biomass, water and sediments were monitored during a period of 84 d that covered the entire decomposition process of plants. The results show that the decomposition of aquatic macrophytes can be divided into two phases, with the first phase having a faster decomposition rate and the second phase, a slower one. With the decomposition of biomass, the dissolved oxygen (DO), oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), and pondus hydrogenii (pH) of the water body increased, whereas the permanganate index (CODMn) decreased. Significantly higher levels of total phosphorus in both water and sediment (TPW and TPS) were detected in Pond A with macrophytes; TPW increased quickly during the first phase of biomass decomposition but decreased in the second phase, and TPS remained relatively stable during the first phase but increased slowly in the second phase. Total nitrogen in both water and sediment (TNW and TNS) was also significantly higher in Pond A but remained relatively stable. A structural equation model revealed that the decomposition of aquatic macrophytes, could, directly and indirectly, influence N and P cycles in an aquatic ecosystem through the regulation of pH and DO. Our study indicate that the decomposition of biomass exerted a greater influence on P than on N. Besides the direct release of P from decaying biomass, which caused a significant increase of P in water body, changes of DO and ORP and the subsequent redox state of the whole system during the process also indirectly affected the deposition and dissolution of P between sediment and water. P was the decisive factor that caused endogenous eutrophication in ponds containing aquatic macrophytes.
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Tella, M., M. Auffan, L. Brousset, E. Morel, O. Proux, C. Chanéac, B. Angeletti, et al. "Chronic dosing of a simulated pond ecosystem in indoor aquatic mesocosms: fate and transport of CeO2 nanoparticles." Environmental Science: Nano 2, no. 6 (2015): 653–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5en00092k.
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Tarasenko, Irina A., Alexander V. Zin’kov, Aleksei S. Kholodov, Muhammad Riaz, Valeriy I. Petukhov, Nikita Y. Popov, Aristidis Tsatsakis, and Kirill S. Golokhvast. "Concentrating Mill Wastes are the Source of Pollution of Human Environment and Natural Ecosystems with Heavy Metals: A Case Study in Primorsky Krai, Russian Federation." Journal of Chemistry 2020 (June 1, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6570126.
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Elevated contents of hazardous elements in natural ecosystems are often associated with human activities. Significant quantities of these elements, including heavy metals, are concentrated in tailings. The goal of the study was to assess the mineralogical and geochemical features of the old tailings of the decommissioned Krasnorechenskaya concentrating mill (located in Primorsky Krai, Russian Federation), which was processing complex tin-polymetallic and silver-lead-zinc ores, the chemical features of tailings pond waters, and the extent of environmental impact on the nearby Rudnaya river. In addition to the analysis of rock and water samples, the software modeling of the water-rock-gas system was carried out. In the study area, the minerals and rocks undergo changes that lead to the formation of highly mineralized, acidic waters saturated with various elements. In the tailings ponds, the maximum permissible concentrations were exceeded for Zn, Cd, Cu, Mg, Fetotal, Pb, Mn, Al, As, Co, Be, Sr, Ni, and Ba. The drainage from the tailings pond tripled the total mineralization of the Rudnaya river relative to the background values. However, the intoxication of the ecosystem by tailing products is partially inhibited by the secondary minerals in the tailings ponds. The negative impact is of a local nature, and 500 m downstream the concentration of many of the above elements is reduced. Despite this, the system that forms the chemical composition of highly mineralized waters is far from the equilibrium state. The oxidation of sulfides, dissolution of other minerals, and migration of oxidation and hydrolysis products will continue affecting the environment. In this regard, it is necessary to conduct environmental monitoring and undertake activities aimed at the recovery of mature concentration tailings or at suppressing the activity of hazardous elements by the conservation of tailings ponds.
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Sugiura, Katsura. "Testing for effects of chemicals on lake and pond ecosystems." Japan journal of water pollution research 8, no. 10 (1985): 639–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2965/jswe1978.8.639.
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Leibold, Mathew A., Spencer R. Hall, Val H. Smith, and David A. Lytle. "Herbivory enhances the diversity of primary producers in pond ecosystems." Ecology 98, no. 1 (January 2017): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecy.1636.
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Holgerson, Meredith A., Christopher J. Zappa, and Peter A. Raymond. "Substantial overnight reaeration by convective cooling discovered in pond ecosystems." Geophysical Research Letters 43, no. 15 (August 13, 2016): 8044–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016gl070206.
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González-Paz, Lorena, Salomé F. P. de Almeida, Isabel Pardo, and Cristina Delgado. "Periphyton colonization and changes in the diatom assemblages of an artificial urban pond." Fundamental and Applied Limnology / Archiv für Hydrobiologie 193, no. 4 (June 23, 2020): 313–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/fal/2020/1282.
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Artificial ecosystems are sometimes the only opportunity for citizens to experience nature. Maintaining their quality is essential for continuing to enjoy the ecosystem services. We studied an urban pond in the Northwest Iberian Peninsula (Aveiro, Portugal) as a model for testing the suitability of diatom assemblages and indices of water quality in these particular ecosystems. Weekly sampling of three replicas was performed over 28 days on stones and ceramic tiles in a shaded site (Site-SH) and in a sunnier one (Site-SU). The best model of the distance-based analysis included temperature and NH4+as the variables that best explained the diatom assemblages (R 2= 0.43). Chlorophyll-α taken as a proxy for algae biomass, and ash-free dry mass increased until the third week, when a turbid runoff entered the system. After this disturbance, chlorophyll-α increased only at Site-SH (from 14.4 mg m –2 to 62.4 mg m–2); ash-free dry mass increased at Site-SU (from 7.2 mg m–2 to 42.3 mg m–2). The Specific Polluosensitivity Index of the diatoms showed low values below 16 that further decreased with the incubation time. Shannon diversity did not vary between sites, while ANOSIM (analysis of similarity) enabled the identification of differences in the species composition among sites and over time. Cyclotella meneghiniana and Sellaphora nigri were abundant at both sites, but other species showed a prevalence to one of the sites: Nitzschia amphibia and Gomphonema parvulum dominated at site-SH, whereas Amphora pediculus and Grunowia solgensis were abundant at site-SU. This study provides evidence that the use of benthic diatoms is a useful tool for evaluating the ecological potential of artificial ecosystems. Moreover, such systems in the close vicinity of urban areas need better management and monitoring to reduce the risk of deterioration.
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Henry-Silva, Gustavo Gonzaga, and Antonio Fernando Monteiro Camargo. "Efficiency of aquatic macrophytes to treat Nile tilapia pond effluents." Scientia Agricola 63, no. 5 (October 2006): 433–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162006000500003.
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The effluents from fish farming can increase the quantity of suspended solids and promote the enrichment of nitrogen and phosphorus in aquatic ecosystems. In this context, the aim of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of three species of floating aquatic macrophytes (Eichhornia crassipes, Pistia stratiotes and Salvinia molesta) to treat effluents from Nile tilapia culture ponds. The effluent originated from a 1,000-m² pond stocked with 2,000 male Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. The treatment systems consisted of 12 experimental tanks, three tanks for each macrophyte species, and three control tanks (without plants). Water samples were collected from the: (i) fish pond source water, (ii) effluent from fish pond and (iii) effluents from the treatment tanks. The following water variables were evaluated: turbidity, total and dissolved nitrogen, ammoniacal-N, nitrate-N, nitrite-N, total phosphorus and dissolved phosphorus. E. crassipes and P. stratiotes were more efficient in total phosphorus removal (82.0% and 83.3%, respectively) and total nitrogen removal (46.1% and 43.9%, respectively) than the S. molesta (72.1% total phosphorus and 42.7% total nitrogen) and the control (50.3% total phosphorus and 22.8% total nitrogen), indicating that the treated effluents may be reused in the aquaculture activity.
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Mokany, Allie. "Impact of tadpoles and mosquito larvae on ephemeral pond structure and processes." Marine and Freshwater Research 58, no. 5 (2007): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf06201.
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Competition between organisms can influence both the abundance of species and the function of ecosystems. Here, I report the results of a field-based aquatic microcosm experiment, where the timing of arrival and abundance of two herbivores, tadpoles (Limnodynastes tasmaniensis) and mosquito larvae (Ochlerotatus notoscriptus), were manipulated to determine their impact on invertebrate community structure and ecosystem processes. Although successful establishment decreased with experimental time, there was no evidence that interactions between tadpoles and mosquitoes decreased the other species' subsequent survival. However, there were negative effects of tadpole addition on other invertebrates, with decreases in the abundance of zooplankton (Moina australiensis) and dipterans (Ephydridae and Chironomus oppositus). The addition of both tadpoles and mosquito larvae also increased ecosystem productivity. The negative effect of tadpoles on invertebrate abundance may result from competition for food or space, while complementary tadpole and mosquito effects on ecosystem processes are likely to result from changes in the dominant pond state. Tadpoles and mosquito larvae might influence the development of the dominant pond state through preferential consumption of edible phytoplankton and bacteria, reducing the competitive pressure on relatively inedible metaphyton, which forms dominating mats.
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Rönnbäck, P., M. Troell, T. Zetterström, and D. E. Babu. "Mangrove dependence and socio-economic concerns in shrimp hatcheries of Andhra Pradesh, India." Environmental Conservation 30, no. 4 (December 2003): 344–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892903000365.
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There are many environmental and socio-economic concerns about the shrimp aquaculture industry. This study, based on interviews, direct observations and literature reviews, shows that the Indian hatchery industry is heavily dependent upon the continuous support of natural resources and ecosystem services generated by marine, freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. The mangrove ecosystem support area (‘ecological footprint’) needed to supply the hatcheries with Penaeus monodon shrimp broodstock, and the aquaculture grow-out ponds with postlarvae, exemplify the dependence on external ecosystems. Each hectare of mangrove in the Godavari River delta generated an annual fisheries catch of 0.8–1.5 P. monodon spawners (gravid females), valued at US$ 92–184. The entire Godavari mangrove delta had a partial gross economic value of US$ 3.0–6.0 million per year for the provision of shrimp spawners alone. The average hatchery, producing 75 million postlarvae annually, had an ecological footprint of 534 ha mangrove for the life-support input of shrimp spawners. The ecological footprint of intensive shrimp ponds was up to 11 times the pond area for postlarval input alone. The shrimp ponds in the State of Andhra Pradesh needed 35 000–138 000 ha of mangroves to satisfy the spawner requirement to hatcheries, and this implied a need to appropriate mangroves in other regions. Hatcheries were prepared to pay up to US$ 2000 for a single shrimp spawner, which also illustrated that the mangrove support areas regionally available were too small. Other concerns about the industry are the net loss of employment if hatcheries replace wild postlarvae collection, the extensive use of groundwater creating direct resource-use conflicts, by-catch problems in broodstock fisheries, and pollution by effluents. The risk of hatcheries introducing, amplifying and propagating disease affecting both cultured organisms and wild biota is another concern that can, and should, be addressed.
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Wang, Baozhen. "The Development of Ecological Wastewater Treatment and Utilization Systems (EWTUS) in China." Water Science and Technology 19, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1987): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1987.0188.
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Experience and practice of the treatment and utilization of sewage and organic wastewaters using stabilization ponds with artificial or semi-artificial ecosystems in China are described. The eco-ponds being used in China are different from those with symbiotic algae/bacteria systems in that the former consist of not only bacteria and fungi as decomposers and algae as producers, but also fish, shrimps, shellfish, ducks, geese, etc. These are consumers at different trophic levels in food chains or food webs in the pond communities where fish farming and/or duck and geese raising takes place. The eco-ponds are characterized by low capital and operation costs, energy savings, high removal efficiencies for a wide variety of pollutants, and considerable Drofits that can be gained from comprehensive utilization of wastewaters as recoverable resources. Some typical eco-ponds for treatment and utilization of municipal and industrial wastewaters, such as fish farming ponds in Changsha, (Hunan), and in Ehcheng, (Hubei), hydrophyte ponds in Shaoxing, (Jejiang) and in Shijiazhuang, (Hebei), and treatment/storage lagoons with ecosystems are described in detail. The concept of ecological systems for treatment and utilization of wastewaters, and the various ecological wastewater treatment and utilization systems (EWTUS) available for different regions, are also discussed in this paper.
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Sgarzi, Serena, Sandra Brucet, Mireia Bartrons, Ignasi Arranz, Lluís Benejam, and Anna Badosa. "Factors Influencing Abundances and Population Size Structure of the Threatened and Endemic Cyprinodont Aphanius iberus in Mediterranean Brackish Ponds." Water 12, no. 11 (November 21, 2020): 3264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12113264.
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Aphanius iberus is an endemic cyprinodontoid fish species of Mediterranean ponds in danger of extinction. In this study, we studied some abiotic and biotic factors that can influence A. iberus’s size structure and density in Mediterranean brackish ponds. We sampled fish using fyke nets in 10 ponds of Empordà (Spain) during the spring season. Our results showed that a better ecological status (according to the Water Quality of Lentic and Shallow Ecosystems (QAELS) index), pond’s depth and pond’s isolation (reflected by an increase in total nitrogen) were related to larger individual sizes and more size-diverse populations. Increasing the salinity is known to help the euryhaline A. iberus acting as a refuge from competitors. Nevertheless, our results showed that higher conductivities had a negative effect on A. iberus’s size structure, leading to a decrease in the mean and maximum size of the fish. Fish abundance (expressed as captures per unit of effort (CPUE)) seemed to increase with increasing the pond’s depth and total nitrogen (the latter reflecting pond isolation). In conclusion, our results suggest that achieving a better pond ecological status may be important for the conservation of endangered A. iberus, because better size-structured populations (i.e., larger mean and average lengths) were found at higher water quality conditions.
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Boczulak, Stacy A., Mark C. Vanderwel, and Britt D. Hall. "Survey of mercury in boreal chorus frog (Pseudacris maculata) and wood frog (Rana sylvatica) tadpoles from wetland ponds in the Prairie Pothole Region of Canada." FACETS 2, no. 1 (May 1, 2017): 315–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/facets-2016-0041.
Full textAbstract:
Tadpoles are important prey items for many aquatic organisms and often represent the largest vertebrate biomass in many fishless wetland ecosystems. Neurotoxic mercury (Hg) can, at elevated levels, decrease growth, lower survival, and cause developmental instability in amphibians. We compared total Hg (THg) body burden and concentration in boreal chorus frog ( Pseudacris maculata) and wood frog ( Rana sylvatica) tadpoles. Overall, body burden and concentration were lower in boreal chorus frog tadpoles than wood frog tadpoles, as expected, because boreal chorus frog tadpoles consume at lower trophic levels. The variables species, stage, and mass explained 21% of total variation for body burden in our models but had negligible predictive ability for THg concentration. The vast majority of the remaining variation in both body burden and THg concentration was attributable to differences among ponds; tadpoles from ponds in three areas had considerably higher THg body burden and concentration. The pond-to-pond differences were not related to any water chemistry or physical parameter measured, and we assumed that differences in wetland geomorphology likely played an important role in determining Hg levels in tadpoles. This is the first report of Hg in frog tadpoles in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America.
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Marsuki, Mustainah, Andi Tamsil, and Ihsan H.Cotte. "ANALISIS ASPEK BIOFISIK DAN KIMIA PERAIRAN UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN BUDIDAYA TAMBAK DI WILAYAH PESISIR KECAMATAN PEDONGGA KABUPATEN PASANGKAYU SULAWESI BARAT." JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN TROPICAL FISHERIES (JOINT-FISH) : Jurnal Akuakultur, Teknologi Dan Manajemen Perikanan Tangkap, Ilmu Kelautan 2, no. 1 (June 24, 2019): 56–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.33096/joint-fish.v2i1.31.
Full textAbstract:
In general, land use in Pasangkayu Regency is dominated by forests, both protected forestsand production forests, plantations especially oil palm plantations, mixed gardens, rice fields bothirrigated rice fields and rainfed rice fields, as well as shrubs, weeds, mangrove forests andwetlands, beaches, settlements, government buildings and other infrastructure facilities. This studyaims to (1) Know the biophysical and chemical aspects of the waters, (2) Analyze the suitability ofaquaculture land in supporting the development of aquaculture, and (3) Assess strategies fordeveloping aquaculture ponds. The results showed that (1) the biophysical and chemical aspectsof waters in coastal and marine areas, where coastal ecosystems, physical and chemical aspects ofthe waters strongly supported aquaculture activities, (2) the results of suitability of aquacultureland in the development of pond culture in Batu Oge Village Very suitable land with a land area of1,72 Ha, Adequate According to 61,07 Ha, and Appropriate 122,34 Ha. Malei village landsuitability is quite suitable 16,47 ha, and according to 334,18 ha. Mertasari Village landsuitability In accordance with the land area of 26,19 ha, and Village of land suitability inaccordance with 2,27 ha of land area, and (3) Strategy for the development of pond culture inPedongga District, Pasangkayu Regency, includes 3 strategies: technical meeting meetingbetween the local Fisheries Service with pond farmers to teach CBUB and CBIB, optimize the useof farm land, and determine the boundaries of the area for the development of ponds and oil palm.
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An, Nguyen Truong. "ANTIBIOTICS AND PESTICIDES IN WATER AND SEDIMENTS FROM INTENSIVE SHRIMP FARMS IN SOUTHERN VIETNAM." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 54, no. 4B (March 22, 2018): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/54/4b/12035.
Full textAbstract:
In recent years, shrimp farming has developed rapidly and become one of the major export sectors of Vietnam. In particular, Mekong Delta Vietnam (MDVN) accounts for over 90 % shrimp farming area in Vietnam. Shrimp industry development leads to use a large amount of antibiotics (ABs) and pesticides for disease prevention, treatment and sanitation pond. These compounds are usually discharged directly into the environment through water and sludge after harvesting. The presence of antibiotics and pesticides in the environment cause negative impacts on ecosystems and human health. In this study, the passive sampling method with POCIS sampler (Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Samplers) was used to monitor the presence of 12 ABs and 2 pesticides in water of intensive shrimp ponds and the surrounding canals at Tan Tru District (Long An province) and Can Gio District (Ho Chi Minh city) following a production cycle. The results showed that ABs and pesticides were detected in water and sediment in the pond and canals in both research sites. Two pesticides (atrazine and diuron) were detected in the pond and leading canals in both study areas with low concentrations from several ng/L to several tens of ng/L. In Tan Tru, three antibiotics (Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole and Enrofloxacin) were detected in water at concentrations ranging from several tens of ng/L to 300 ng/L; in sediments of shrimp pond and canal the levels of pesticides and ABs ranged from 10 to 200 µg/kg. In Can Gio - HCMC, 4 ABs (Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole, Ciprofloxacin and Enrofloxacin) were detected ranging from a few ng/L to several µg/L in water, and a few mg/kg in sediments of the pond. The results also showed that in the pond, ABs type and concentration detection varied by region and shrimp growth cycles.