Academic literature on the topic 'Ponderosa pine'

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Journal articles on the topic "Ponderosa pine"

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Erbilgin, Nadir, Andrew J. Storer, David L. Wood, and Thomas R. Gordon. "Colonization of cut branches of five coniferous hosts of the pitch canker fungus by Pityophthorus spp. (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in central, coastal California." Canadian Entomologist 137, no. 3 (June 2005): 337–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n04-074.

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AbstractPitch canker of pines (Pinus spp.) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco) (Pinaceae) is caused by the fungus Fusarium circinatum Nirenberg et O'Donnell. In California, infections by F. circinatum occur largely through wounds caused by insects. Field experiments were initiated to determine whether the colonization activities of twig beetles, Pityophthorus spp. (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), could explain the incidence of pitch canker on Monterey pine (P. radiata D. Don), Bishop pine (P. muricata D. Don), ponderosa pine (P. ponderosa var. ponderosa Dougl.), knobcone pine (P. attenuata Lemm.), and Douglas-fir. Asymptomatic branches were cut from each of four pairs of tree species (Monterey–Bishop, Monterey–ponderosa, Monterey–knobcone, Monterey–Douglas-fir) at four sites and attached to the lower canopy of both heterospecific and conspecific host trees (total of four combinations per pair). After 10 weeks, branches were collected and placed in rearing tubes in the laboratory. Emerging insects were identified and placed on a Fusarium-selective medium. Monterey, Bishop, and ponderosa pines were more heavily infested by Pityophthorus spp. than Douglas-fir and knobcone pine. Furthermore, more Pityophthorus beetles emerged from Monterey pine branches placed in Monterey pine canopies than from Monterey pine branches placed in Bishop or ponderosa pine canopies, indicating that reduced emergence (colonization) was caused by the hetero specific host. Relatively fewer insects emerged from sites containing either Monterey and knobcone pines or Monterey pine and Douglas-fir. Fusarium circinatum was not isolated from emerging Pityophthorus spp. Susceptibility of the five host species, based on mean lesion lengths resulting from mechanical inoculations, varied significantly. The longest lesions were on Monterey pine and the shortest were on ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir. The low incidence of pitch canker on Douglas-fir and ponderosa pine in nature compared with that on Monterey, Bishop, and knobcone pines may be explained by the low colonization by twig beetles and the greater resistance of Douglas-fir and ponderosa pine to this disease, compared with the other three hosts.
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Filip, Gregory M., Helen Maffei, and Kristen L. Chadwick. "Forest Health Decline in a Central Oregon Mixed-Conifer Forest Revisited After Wildfire: A 25-Year Case Study." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 22, no. 4 (October 1, 2007): 278–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/22.4.278.

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Abstract A 500-ac mixed-conifer forest near Cache Mountain in central Oregon was examined in 1979, 1992, 2002, 2004, and 2005 to document causes of forest health decline and subsequent wildfire damage. The site is dominated by grand fir (Abies grandis) and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), with some lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) and subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa). Part of the area was clearcut or shelterwood harvested from 1983 to 1985. Between 1979 and 1992, grand fir increased substantially, whereas ponderosa pine decreased in stems and basal area/ac in the unharvested areas. From 1979 to 2002, grand fir experienced severe mortality that was caused primarily by the root pathogen, Armillaria ostoyae, and the fir engraver (Scolytus ventralis). In 2003, a wildfire burned all of the study area, and by 2004, most of the grand fir, subalpine fir, and lodgepole pine was killed. The least amount of mortality from fire occurred in the larger-diameter ponderosa pine. Two years after the 2003 fire, some of the grand firs with bole or crown scorch that were alive in 2004 were killed by fir engravers by 2005. For ponderosa pines, only a few trees with bole or crown scorch that were alive in 2004 were killed by bark beetles, mostly mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) and red turpentine beetle (Dendroctonus valens), by 2005. This case study has relevance to current interpretations of forest health in similar mixed-conifer forests, the major causes of forest health decline, and the role of fire in forest health.
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Shirley, Brian M., and Stephen Cook. "Repellency and Toxicity of Conophthorus ponderosae Hopkins (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) by the Host Monoterpene Myrcene." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 22, no. 4 (October 1, 2007): 241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/22.4.241.

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Abstract Seed orchards produce high-quality seed from selected tree genotypes. In the intermountain west, Conophthorus ponderosae Hopkins (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) is a pest in seed orchards of ponderosa pine, Pinus ponderosa (Laws). The effect of myrcene as a deterrent to coneattack by C. ponderosae in a ponderosa pine seed orchard was examined. Two factors were considered, timing of cone cluster attack and average brood production per cone cluster. There was a delayed attack by C. ponderosae on cones treated with vials of myrcene attached at thebase of cone clusters. During both 2003 and 2004, final brood production per cone was not affected significantly by the presence of myrcene. During 2003, brood production was influenced by the timing of attack, with later attacks resulting in fewer brood adults per cone cluster. The toxicity of myrcene to adult C. ponderosae was examined in a laboratory and compared with that of (+)-α-pinene, another host-produced monoterpene that acts as a synergist for the male attractant pheromone pityol.
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Negrón, José F. "Within-Stand Distribution of Tree Mortality Caused by Mountain Pine Beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins." Insects 11, no. 2 (February 10, 2020): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11020112.

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The mountain pine beetle (MPB) (Dendroctonus ponderosae) is a bark beetle that attacks and kills ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), among other pine species throughout the western conifer forests of the United States and Canada, particularly in dense stands comprising large trees. There is information on the stand conditions that the insect prefers. However, there is a paucity of information on how small-scale variation in stand conditions influences the distribution of tree mortality within a stand. I examined the small-scale distribution of ponderosa pine basal area pre- and post a mountain pine beetle infestation, and used geostatistical modeling to relate the spatial distribution of the host to subsequent MPB-caused tree mortality. Results indicated increased mortality in the denser parts of the stand. Previous land management has changed historically open low-elevation ponderosa pine stands with aggregated tree distribution into dense stands that are susceptible to mountain pine beetles and intense fires. Current restoration efforts are aimed at reducing tree density and leaving clumps of trees, which are more similar to historical conditions. The residual clumps, however, may be susceptible to mountain pine beetle populations. Land managers will want to be cognizant of how mountain pine beetles will respond to restoration treatments, so as to prevent and mitigate tree mortality that could negate restoration efforts.
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Kenaley, Shawn, Robert Mathiasen, and E. James Harner. "Mortality Associated with a Bark Beetle Outbreak in Dwarf Mistletoe-Infested Ponderosa Pine Stands in Arizona." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 23, no. 2 (April 1, 2008): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/23.2.113.

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Abstract Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex C. Lawson var. scopulorum Engelm.) mortality was evaluated from a 2002 bark beetle outbreak in areas infested with southwestern dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium vaginatum [Willd.] Presl subsp. cryptopodum [Engelm.] Hawksw. & Wiens) in a total of nine study sites in northern Arizona. Ponderosa pine mortality attributable to bark beetles (Ips and Dendroctonus spp., Scolytidae) was systematically sampled, and stand attributes, such as basal area, tree density, dwarf mistletoe severity, and site indices were recorded. Ponderosa pine mortality was predominately attributed to Ips spp. Although the prolonged drought likely was the inciting factor responsible for the Ips spp. outbreak, results suggested a strong relationship between ponderosa pine mortality and the interaction between crown class and dwarf mistletoe rating class. Ponderosa pines severely infected with dwarf mistletoe and in the intermediate crown class are at the greatest risk of Ips spp. attack during outbreak years in northern Arizona.
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Niebling, Charles R., and M. Thompson Conkle. "Diversity of Washoe pine and comparisons with allozymes of ponderosa pine races." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 20, no. 3 (March 1, 1990): 298–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x90-044.

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Washoe pine (Pinuswashoensis Mason and Stockwell), a narrow endemic native to mountains on the western rim of the Great Basin in northeastern California and northwestern Nevada, may be on the verge of extinction. Lowered genetic diversity and increased interpopulation differentiation are expected evolutionary consequences for small, isolated populations like those of Washoe pine. But the species has levels of allozyme variation (estimated average heterozygosity for 26 loci equals 0.148) similar to those for widespread geographic races of ponderosa pine (Pinusponderosa Laws.), which are likely to be its closest extant relatives. Heterozygosity in ponderosa pine was 0.144 in the Pacific race, 0.178 in the North Plateau race, and 0.164 in the Rocky Mountain race. Electrophoretic analysis of trees in the three well-documented populations of Washoe pine revealed only minor and nonsignificant population to population differentiation (98.4% of allozyme variation was among samples within populations). Pair-wise genetic distances between the Washoe populations and the three northern races of ponderosa pine indicated that its closest similarity was with the North Plateau race (Nei's unbiased genetic distance averaged 0.004); the next closest similarity was with samples of the Pacific race (genetic distance 0.013). Washoe pine and the Pacific and North Plateau races of ponderosa pine were all strongly differentiated from the Rocky Mountain race of ponderosa pine (genetic distances were 0.066, 0.082, and 0.060, respectively. The few remaining populations of Washoe pine may be a potentially valuable gene source for the yellow pines of North America.
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Podrázský, Vilém, Zdeněk Vacek, Stanislav Vacek, Jan Vítámvás, Josef Gallo, Anna Prokůpková, and Giuseppe D'Andrea. "Production potential and structural variability of pine stands in the Czech Republic: Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) vs. introduced pines – case study and problem review." Journal of Forest Science 66, No. 5 (May 31, 2020): 197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/42/2020-jfs.

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Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is one of the most important tree species in Eurasia. During the past centuries, it has been extensively introduced into artificial monocultures, but is currently experiencing a number of problems related to climate change and extreme droughts. There is a large-scale disintegration of its stands and, in addition to its replacement by other native trees, it is possible to use a wide range of introduced species of the same genus. The aim of the investigation was to compare production parameters, structure and diversity of pine stands at the age of 35 years in school Arboretum of Faculty of Forestry and Wood Science in Central Bohemia (320 m a.s.l., medium rich habitats, water deficit site). Seven species of pine were compared: ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex C. Hawson), Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi Balf.), black pine (Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold), eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.), Lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Douglas), Macedonian pine (Pinus peuce Griseb.) and the only native Scots pine. The results showed that significantly (P < 0.001) highest height, diameter at breast height and mean stem volume were achieved in Pinus ponderosa and P. strobus stands, while these parameters were lowest in P. peuce and P. nigra. In contrast, the lowest stand volume was calculated for P. strobus (112 m3·ha–1) due to the lower stand density, while the highest production was again in P. ponderosa (430 m3·ha–1). In terms of structural variability, the highest diversity was found in P. jeffreyi and P. peuce. The introduced pine species, especially P. ponderosa, could therefore play an important role in terms of production and economic potential and even replace native P. sylvestris on suitable sites.
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Haller, Robert, and Nancy Vivrette. "Ponderosa Pine Revisited." Aliso 29, no. 1 (2011): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5642/aliso.20112901.07.

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Wallace, John M., Timothy S. Prather, and Vanelle Peterson. "Effects of Aminopyralid on Ponderosa Pine (Pinus ponderosa)." Invasive Plant Science and Management 5, no. 2 (June 2012): 164–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ipsm-d-11-00052.1.

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AbstractInvasive weed control within cleared, forested sites in the inland Northwest is complicated by the susceptibility of ponderosa pine to synthetic auxin herbicide injury, used to control broadleaf weeds. Herbicide injury may lead to decreased canopy volume and variable growth patterns of ponderosa pine, which is a commercially important tree species. Herbicide injury to ponderosa pine can be decreased with dormant-season applications, a timing suited to control many weeds that may occur within ponderosa pine sites. However, spring-timed herbicide applications are needed to control other weeds, such as meadow hawkweed, and that application timing coincides with active ponderosa pine growth. In this study, we determined the level of injury to ponderosa pine resulting from spring-timed aminopyralid, clopyralid, and picloram applications beneath ponderosa pine canopies. Herbicide injury to leader and lateral candles and needle elongation was evaluated 1 and 12 mo after treatment (MAT). Low rates of aminopyralid alone (0.05 kg ae ha−1 [3 fl oz ac−1]) and aminopyralid + clopyralid (0.05 + 0.10 kg ae ha−1) resulted in herbicide injury ratings that did not differ from untreated trees. The high rate of aminopyralid (0.12 kg ae ha−1) resulted in leader candle injury on 75% of treated trees, 5% of which were necrotic at 12 MAT. Herbicide injury was observed on 30% of lateral candles. In comparison, picloram (0.28 kg ae ha−1) treatments resulted in necrosis or mortality of leader and lateral candles on 65% and 40% of trees, respectively, at 12 MAT. Results suggest that use of low rates of aminopyralid alone or in combination with low rates of clopyralid minimizes the risk of nontarget injury to ponderosa pine (> 5 yr old) while controlling hawkweed with a spring application.
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Six, Diana L., Mark Vander Meer, Thomas H. DeLuca, and Peter Kolb. "Pine engraver (Ips pini) Colonization of Logging Residues Created Using Alternative Slash Management Systems in Western Montana." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 17, no. 2 (April 1, 2002): 96–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/17.2.96.

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Abstract In this study, we observed effects of various slash treatments on pine engraver colonization. Five slash treatments (slash-free, chipped, small piles, large piles, scattered) were replicated five times at each of two sites, one consisting mainly of ponderosa pine and the other predominantly lodgepole pine. No pine engravers were found in slash-free or chipped slash treatments at either site. At the ponderosa pine site, significantly more pine engraver attacks and galleries were found in the scattered slash treatment than in small and large pile treatments. A significantly greater number of invertebrate natural enemies were also found in the scattered slash treatment, where they were approximately six to nine times as abundant as in the small pile and large pile treatments, respectively. No pine engravers were observed colonizing slash in the lodgepole pine treatments where slash was in an advanced stage of drying. At both sites, the use of a feller buncher–delimber during harvest increased the rate of drying of slash, reducing its suitability for pine engraver colonization. West. J. Appl. For. 17(2):96–100.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ponderosa pine"

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Braun, David M. "Host colonization behavior of the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) in thinned and unthinned stands of second-growth ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws.) /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5482.

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Garlough, Emily Claire. "Factors that influence Ponderosa Pine duff mound consumption." Diss., [Missoula, Mont.] : The University of Montana, 2010. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-05052010-163031.

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Meyer, Natalie Jo. "Soil and plant response to slash pile burning in a ponderosa pine forest." Thesis, Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2008/meyer/MeyerN1208.pdf.

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Slash pile burning is the most common method of forest residue disposal following ponderosa pine restoration harvests, which are intended to reduce the risk of catastrophic fire and restore the historical structure and function of forests in western Montana. The impact of high-intensity, long-duration fire (pile burning) on soil processes and plant community dynamics is not well understood. The objectives of this study were: (1) to characterize the influence of slash pile burning on soil nutrient availability, soil microbial activity, and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) infection; (2) to compare seeding and soil amendment effects on burn scars. In May 2006, slash piles were burned in a ponderosa pine stand near Florence, Montana and 45 scars were sampled. Soil samples were collected from three locations in each slash pile to a depth of 10 cm and characterized for available soil NH4 +-N, NO3 - -N, potentially mineralizable nitrogen (PMN), and total C and N, water-soluble PO4 3- -P, microbial biomass, and mycorrhizal inoculum potential (MIP). In the burned center, soil NH4 +-N was greatest one month post-burn and remained elevated one year later. There was no observable increase in NO3 - -N until one year post-burn. Soluble PO4 3- -P was not impacted by burning. Microbial biomass was reduced by burning and did not recover one year later. Pile burning greatly reduced MIP. In October 2006, fire scars were either seeded with native graminoids or left non-seeded, divided into subplots, and assigned to one of five treatments: control, addition of local organic matter, scarification, scarification and organic matter addition, or scarification and commercial compost addition. Soils were monitored for the previously measured soil parameters and resin-sorbed inorganic N. Scarification with organic matter amendment and scarification with compost amendment both ameliorated soil properties. Seeding most effectively increased plant cover and suppressed non-native invasive species, while scarification or scarification with organic matter amendment further improved early plant establishment. Collectively, these data help characterize the impacts of slash pile burning as a management technique in ponderosa pine forests and illustrate potential treatments for restoring burn pile scars.
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Ffolliott, Peter F. "Winter Course of Transpiration in Arizona Ponderosa Pine Trees." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296463.

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From the Proceedings of the 1991 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Association and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 20, 1991, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona
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Seymour, Geoff, and Aregai Tecle. "Impact of Slash Pile Size and Burning on Ponderosa Pine Forest Soil Physical Characteristics." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296601.

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Jamieson, Leia P. "Fire history of a pinyon-juniper/ponderosa pine ecosystem in the Intermountain West." abstract and full text PDF (UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1456404.

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Kernan, James T. "GIS analyses of paleo-fire regimes in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests extending spatial approaches in ecological interpretation /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10045.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2009.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 174 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
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Sutherland, Elaine Kennedy. "The effect of prescribed burning on southwestern ponderosa pine growth." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184954.

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Study objectives included determining whether prescribed burning affected ponderosa pine growth; mathematically modeling the growth response to burning; and determining whether forest management history affected growth response. I sampled 188 trees from two areas near Flagstaff, Arizona; one area (Brannigan Flat) had been logged and thinned, and the other (Chimney Spring) had not; both were burned in 1976. Within each study area, control and burned plots were of similar age, vigor, height, and competition index. Trees at Chimney Spring were older, less vigorous, and taller, and had a higher competition index than at Brannigan. For each tree, periodic basal area increment (PBAI) was calculated for the years 1974-1984. To determine which variable would best model growth, postfire PBAI (individual years, 1977-1984) was correlated with previous growth (average PBAI 1974-1976); crown ratio; competition index; thinning index; and diameter. Two models of growth response were developed; one oriented toward satisfying theoretical and research goals, and the other, toward management applications. Growth was modeled using stepwise multiple linear regression, and the dependent variable was postfire PBAI. Research Model independent variables were previous growth, years (climate), and treatment-year interaction, and 72% of total variance was explained. Fire affected growth significantly and negatively for two years, and then burned trees grew similarly to control trees. Management Model independent variables were crown ratio, competition index, crown ratio, subject tree diameter, year, and treatment, and 52% of total variance was explained. This model, too, indicated a slight negative effect of burning on growth. Management history was not a significant determinant of growth response. Both models validated well; the ratio of observed-to-predicted residual mean square was 1.04 and 0.91 (Research and Management Models, respectively). Thinning index was not significantly related to postfire growth, but a change in carbohydrate allocation from stem wood to crown and root expansion could have resulted in observed burning effects. Management implications include (1) short-term growth decline may result from burning, (2) management history did not affect growth response, and (3) burning impact is greatest in dense stands of small trees.
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Heckman, Katherine Ann. "Pedogenesis & Carbon Dynamics Across a Lithosequence Under Ponderosa Pine." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/196016.

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Three studies were completed to investigate the influence of mineral assemblage on soil organic carbon (SOC) cycling and pedogenesis in forest soils. Two studies utilized a lithosequence of four parent materials (rhyolite, granite, basalt, limestone/volcanic cinders) under Pinus ponderosa, to explicitly quantify the contribution of parent material mineral assemblage to the character of the resulting soil. The first study explored variation in pedogenesis and elemental mass loss as a product of parent material through a combination of quantitative X-ray diffraction and elemental mass balance. Results indicated significant differences in degree of soil development, profile characteristics, and mass flux according to parent material.The second study utilized the same lithosequence of soils, but focused on organic C cycling. This study explored variation in SOC content among soils of differing mineralogy and correlations among soil physiochemical variables, SOC content, soil microbial community composition and respiration rates. Metal-humus complex and Fe-oxyhydroxide content emerged as important predictors of SOC dynamics across all parent materials, showing significant correlation with both SOC content and bacterial community composition. Results indicated that within a specific ecosystem, SOC dynamics and microbial community vary predictably with soil physicochemical variables directly related to mineralogical differences among soil parent materials.The third study focused specifically on the influence of goethite and gibbsite on dissolved organic matter characteristics and microbial communities which utilize DOM as a growth substrate. Iron and aluminum oxides were selected for this study due to their wide spread occurrence in soils and their abundance of reactive surface area, qualities which enable them to have a significant effect on SOC transported through forest soils. Results indicated that exposure to goethite and gibbsite surfaces induces significant differences in DOM quality, including changes in thermal properties, molecular structure, and concentrations of P and N. Investigation of the decomposer communities indicated that exposure to goethite and gibbsite surfaces caused significant differences in microbial community structure.These investigations emphasize the important role of mineral assemblage in shaping soil characteristics and regulating the cycling of C in soils, from the molecular scale to the pedon scale.
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Speer, James H., and Richard L. Holmes. "Effects of Pandora Moth Outbreaks on Ponderosa Pine Wood Volume." Tree-Ring Society, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/262634.

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Coloradia pandora (Blake) is a phytophagous insect that defoliates Pinus ponderosa (Dougl. ex Laws.) in south-central Oregon. Little is known about the extent of damage this insect inflicts upon its host trees during an outbreak. In this paper, we present stem analyses on four dominant Pinus ponderosa trees that enable us to determine the amount of volume lost during each Coloradia pandora outbreak on this site for the past 450 years. We found that on average an outbreak inhibits radial growth so that an individual tree produces 0.057 m³ less wood volume than the potential growth for the duration of an individual outbreak. A total of 0.549 m³ of growth per tree was inhibited by 10 outbreaks during the lifetime of the trees, which, in this stand, equates to 9.912 m³/ha (1,700 board feet/acre) of wood suppressed over the last 450 years throughout the stand. Our results do not support previous findings of a lag in suppression onset between the canopy of the tree versus the base. Crossdating of stem analysis samples is paramount to definitively examine the potential for a lagged response throughout the
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Books on the topic "Ponderosa pine"

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Beatty, Jerome S. Dwarf mistletoes of ponderosa pine. 2nd ed. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, 2003.

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Murphy, Alexandra. Graced by pines: The Ponderosa pine in the American West. Missoula, Mont: Mountain Press Pub. Co., 1994.

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M, Schmid J., and Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station (Fort Collins, Colo.), eds. Phloem temperatures in mountain pine beetle-infested ponderosa pine. [Fort Collins, CO] (240 W. Prospect Rd., Fort Collins 80526): USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1993.

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Fairweather, Mary Lou. Dwarf mistletoe infection in ponderosa pine. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1990.

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Fight, Roger D. Financial analysis of pruning ponderosa pine. Portland, Or: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1992.

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United States. Bureau of Land Management. Arizona Strip Field Office. Mt. Trumbull ponderosa pine restoration project. Flagstaff, Ariz.?]: [U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Arizona Strip Field Office?], 1996.

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Fight, Roger D. Financial analysis of pruning ponderosa pine. Portland, Or: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1992.

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Pasek, Judith E. Comparison of risk/hazard rating systems for mountain pine beetle in Black Hills ponderosa pine forests. Golden, Colo: Renewable Resources, Rocky Mountain Region, Forest Health Management, USDA Forest Service, 1997.

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Cochran, P. H. Thirty-five-year growth of thinned and unthinned ponderosa pine in the Methow Valley of northern Washington. [Portland, Or.]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1998.

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Rehfeldt, G. E. Adaptive variation in Pinus ponderosa from Intermountain Regions. II, Middle Columbia River system. Ogden, Utah: Intermountain Research Station, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ponderosa pine"

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Ellis, D. D., and D. E. Bilderback. "Ponderosa Pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws.)." In Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, 339–57. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-13231-9_21.

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Vankat, John L., John L. Vankat, John L. Vankat, and John L. Vankat. "Ponderosa Pine Forest." In Vegetation Dynamics on the Mountains and Plateaus of the American Southwest, 190–264. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6149-0_4.

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Edrich, Richard, Timothy Bradley, and Michael S. Graboski. "The Gasification of Ponderosa Pine Charcoal." In Fundamentals of Thermochemical Biomass Conversion, 557–66. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4932-4_31.

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Wagner, Michael R. "Induced Defenses in Ponderosa Pine Against Defoliating Insects." In Mechanisms of Woody Plant Defenses Against Insects, 141–55. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3828-7_8.

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Laclau, P., E. Andenmatten, F. J. Letourneau, and G. Loguercio. "Carbon Sequestration of Ponderosa Pine Plantations in Northwestern Patagonia." In Managing Forest Ecosystems: The Challenge of Climate Change, 329–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28250-3_16.

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Laclau, P., E. Andenmatten, F. J. Letourneau, and G. Loguercio. "Carbon Sequestration of Ponderosa Pine Plantations in Northwestern Patagonia." In Managing Forest Ecosystems: The Challenge of Climate Change, 247–67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8343-3_14.

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Arbaugh, M. J., D. L. Peterson, and P. R. Miller. "Air Pollution Effects on Growth of Ponderosa Pine, Jeffrey Pine, and Bigcone Douglas-Fir." In Ecological Studies, 179–207. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1436-6_9.

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Grulke, N. E. "Physiological Responses of Ponderosa Pine to Gradients of Environmental Stressors." In Ecological Studies, 126–63. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1436-6_7.

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Bytnerowicz, Andrzej, and Minna Turunen. "Effects of Ozone Exposures on Epicuticular Wax of Ponderosa Pine Needles." In Air Pollutants and the Leaf Cuticle, 305–14. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79081-2_27.

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Pushnik, J. C., D. Garcia-Ibilcieta, S. Bauer, P. D. Anderson, J. Bell, and J. L. J. Houpis. "Biochemical Responses and Altered Genetic Expression Patterns in Ponderosa Pine (Pinus ponderosa Doug ex P. Laws) Grown under Elevated CO2." In Forest Growth Responses to the Pollution Climate of the 21st Century, 413–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1578-2_38.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ponderosa pine"

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Sardoy, Nicolas, Jean-Louis Consalvi, Bernard Porterie, and Ahmed Kaiss. "Transport and combustion of Ponderosa Pine firebrands from isolated burning trees." In 2006 First International Symposium on Environment Identities and Mediterranean Area. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iseima.2006.345036.

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Curtiss, Brian, and Susan L. Ustin. "The Characterization Of Sources Of Illumination In A Ponderosa Pine (Pinus Ponderosa) Forest Community Using The Portable Instantaneous Display And Analysis Spectrometer." In 1988 Technical Symposium on Optics, Electro-Optics, and Sensors, edited by Philip N. Slater. SPIE, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.945695.

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Kerhoulas, Lucy Penn, Thomas E. Kolb, and George W. Koch. "USING STABLE ISOTOPE ANALYSES TO DETERMINE PONDEROSA PINE WATER SOURCES IN NORTHERN ARIZONA." In Joint 70th Annual Rocky Mountain GSA Section / 114th Annual Cordilleran GSA Section Meeting - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018rm-312826.

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Roux, Alma Hodzic, Julia Lee-Taylor, Yuyan Cui, and Sasha Madronich. "Organic aerosol formation from biogenic compounds over the Ponderosa pine forest in Colorado." In NUCLEATION AND ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS: 19th International Conference. AIP, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4803294.

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Fettig, Christopher J. "Mountain pine beetle,Dendroctonus ponderosae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.92739.

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Lachowsky, Leanna E. "Is sex allocation in mountain pine beetles,Dendroctonus ponderosae, a response to male-biased mortality?" In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.105695.

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Fettig, Christopher J. "SPLAT Verb: A semiochemical-based strategy for managingDendroctonus ponderosae, the mountain pine beetle, at the individual pine and small stand level." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.107827.

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Reports on the topic "Ponderosa pine"

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Fight, Roger D., Natalie A. Bolon, and James M. Cahill. Financial analysis of pruning ponderosa pine. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-rp-449.

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Schmid, J. M., S. A. Mata, and W. F. McCambridge. Natural falling of beetle-killed ponderosa pine. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rm-rn-454.

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Obedzinski, R. A., J. M. Schmid, S. A. Mata, W. K. Olsen, and R. R. Kessler. Growth of ponderosa pine stands in relation to mountain pine beetle susceptibility. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-gtr-28.

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Chojnacky, David C., Barbara J. Bentz, and Jesse A. Logan. Mountain pine beetle attack in ponderosa pine: Comparing methods for rating susceptibility. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-rp-26.

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DeMars, D. J., and J. W. Barrett. Ponderosa pine managed-yield simulator: PPSIM users guide. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-gtr-203.

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Ernst, Susan, and Pong W.Y. Lumber recovery from ponderosa pine in northern California. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-rp-333.

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Schmid, J. M., S. A. Mata, and W. C. Schaupp. Mountain pine beetle-killed trees as snags in Black Hills ponderosa pine stands. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-rn-40.

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McDonald, Philip M., and Gary O. Fiddler. Competing vegetation in ponderosa pine plantations: ecology and control. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/psw-gtr-113.

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Smith, Jane Kapler, and Nancy E. McMurray. FireWorks curriculum featuring ponderosa, lodgepole, and whitebark pine forests. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-gtr-65.

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Shepperd, Wayne D., and Michael A. Battaglia. Ecology, siliviculture, and management of Black Hills ponderosa pine. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-gtr-97.

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