Journal articles: 'Pool boiling'

1

Wadekar, Vishwas V., and John G. Collier. "2.7.2 BOILING AND EVAPORATION: Pool boiling." Heat Exchanger Design Updates 5, no. 1 (1998): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/heatexchdesignupd.v5.i1.30.

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Kamel, Mohammed Saad, and Ferenc Lezsovits. "Experimental Study on Pool Boiling Heat Transfer Performance of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles Based Water Nanofluid." Pollack Periodica 15, no. 3 (2020): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/606.2020.15.3.10.

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This study aims to experimentally investigate the nucleate pool boiling heat transfer performance of magnesium oxide nanoparticles MgO based deionized water nanofluid at the atmospheric pressure condition. Dilute volumetric concentrations within a range of 0.001% to 0.01% Vol. were used to examine the pool boiling heat transfer performance represented by pool boiling curve, and pool boiling heat transfer coefficient. The heating element was a horizontal copper heated tube with a typical diameter 22 mm submerged inside the cubic boiling chamber. Efforts have been made to measure the surface temperatures along the heated tube to ensure the proper and accurate heat transfer coefficient calculations in this work. The results indicated that the pool boiling heat transfer coefficient enhancement ratio (PBHTC /PBHTC ) was intensified for volume fractions i.e. 0.001%, 0.004%, and 0.007% Vol. while it was degraded for volume concentrations i.e. 0.01%, and 0.04% Vol. compared to deionized water as baseline case.

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Wang, Cong, Yalong Kong, Zhigang Liu, Lin Guo, and Yawei Yang. "A Novel Pressure-Controlled Molecular Dynamics Simulation Method for Nanoscale Boiling Heat Transfer." Energies 16, no. 5 (2023): 2131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16052131.

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Pool boiling, enabling remarkable phase-change heat transfer, has elicited increasing attention due to its ubiquitous applications in solar thermal power stations. An explicit understanding of the effect of system pressure on pool boiling is required to enhance the phase-change heat transfer. Despite its wide application when exploring the potential mechanism of boiling, the molecular dynamics method still needs to be improved when discussing the working mechanism of system pressure. Therefore, in the present study, a novel molecular dynamics simulation method of nanoscale pool boiling was proposed. This method provides a way to change and control pressure during the phase-change process. Furthermore, the bubble nucleation and growth in nanoscale pool boiling are quantitatively investigated through pressure-control molecular dynamics simulations. We expect that this study will improve the present simulation method of pool boiling and provide useful insights to the physics of the process.

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Hegde, Ramakrishna, Shrikantha Rao, and Ranapratap Reddy. "Flow visualization and study of CHF enhancement in pool boiling with Al2O3 - Water nano-fluids." Thermal Science 16, no. 2 (2012): 445–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci100511095h.

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Pool boiling heat transfer characteristics of Al2O3-Water nanofluids is studied experimentally using a NiCr test wire of 36 SWG diameter. The experimental work mainly concentrated on i) change of Critical Heat Flux(CHF) with different volume concentrations of nanofluid ii) flow visualization of pool boiling using a fixed concentration of nanofluid at different heat flux values. The experimental work revealed an increase in CHF value of around 48% and flow visualization helped in studying the pool boiling behaviour of nanofluid. Out of the various reasons which could affect the CHF enhancement, surface roughness plays a major role in pool boiling heat transfer.

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Baldwin, Michael, Ali Ghavami, S. Mostafa Ghiaasiaan, and Alok Majumdar. "Critical heat flux of liquid hydrogen, liquid methane, and liquid oxygen: a review of available data and predictive tools." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1301, no. 1 (2024): 012165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1301/1/012165.

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Abstract Available experimental data dealing with critical heat flux (CHF) of liquid hydrogen (LH2), liquid methane (LCH4), and liquid oxygen (LO2) in pool and flow boiling are compiled. The compiled data are compared with widely used correlations. Experimental pool boiling CHF data for the aforementioned cryogens are scarce. Based on only 25 data points found in five independent sources, the correlation of Sun and Lienhard (1970) is recommended for predicting the pool CHF of LH2. Only two experiments with useful CHF data for the pool boiling of LCH4 could be found. Four different correlations including the correlation of Lurie and Noyes (1964) can predict the pool boiling CHF of LCH4 within a factor of two for more than 70% of the data. Furthermore, based on the 19 data points taken from only two available sources, the correlation of Sun and Lienhard (1970) is recommended for the prediction of pool CHF of LO2. Flow boiling CHF data for LH2 could be found in seven experimental studies, five of them from the same source. Based on the 91 data points, it is suggested that the correlation of Katto and Ohno (1984) be used to predict the flow CHF of LH2. No useful data could be found for flow boiling CHF of LCH4 or LO2. The available databases for flow boiling of LCH4 and LO2 are generally deficient in all boiling regimes. This deficiency is particularly serious with respect to flow boiling.

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Kruse, C., A. Tsubaki, C. Zuhlke, et al. "Secondary pool boiling effects." Applied Physics Letters 108, no. 5 (2016): 051602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4941081.

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7

Bergles, Arthur E. "Enhancement of pool boiling." International Journal of Refrigeration 20, no. 8 (1997): 545–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-7007(97)00063-7.

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Abe, Yoshiyuki, and Akira Iwasaki. "Pool boiling under microgravity." Advances in Space Research 13, no. 7 (1993): 165–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(93)90368-l.

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Qi, Yusen, and James F. Klausner. "Comparison of Nucleation Site Density for Pool Boiling and Gas Nucleation." Journal of Heat Transfer 128, no. 1 (2005): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2130399.

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It has been well established that the rate of heat transfer associated with boiling systems is strongly dependent on the nucleation site density. Over many years attempts have been made to predict nucleation site density in boiling systems using a variety of techniques. With the exception of specially prepared surfaces, these attempts have met with little success. This paper presents an experimental investigation of nucleation site density measured on roughly polished brass and stainless steel surfaces for gas nucleation and pool boiling over a large parameter space. A statistical model used to predict the nucleation site density in saturated pool boiling is also investigated. The fluids used for this study, distilled water and ethanol, are moderately wetting and highly wetting, respectively. Using distilled water it has been observed that the trends of nucleation site density versus the inverse of the critical radius are similar for pool boiling and gas nucleation. The nucleation site density is higher for gas nucleation than for pool boiling. An unexpected result has been observed with ethanol as the heat transfer fluid, which casts doubt on the general assumption that heterogeneous nucleation in boiling systems is exclusively seeded by vapor trapping cavities. Due to flooding, few sites are active on the brass surface and at most two are active on the stainless steel surface during gas nucleation experiments. However, nucleation sites readily form in large concentration on both the brass and stainless steel surfaces during pool boiling. The pool boiling nucleation site densities for ethanol on rough and mirror polished brass surfaces are also compared. It shows that there is not a significant difference between the measured nucleation site densities on the smooth and rough surfaces. These results suggest that, in addition to vapor trapping cavities, another mechanism must exist to seed vapor bubble growth in boiling systems.

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Sakurai, A., M. Shiotsu, and K. Hata. "A General Correlation for Pool Film Boiling Heat Transfer From a Horizontal Cylinder to Subcooled Liquid: Part 1—A Theoretical Pool Film Boiling Heat Transfer Model Including Radiation Contributions and Its Analytical Solution." Journal of Heat Transfer 112, no. 2 (1990): 430–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2910396.

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A rigorous numerical solution of a theoretical model based on laminar boundary layer theory for pool film boiling heat transfer from a horizontal cylinder including the contributions of liquid subcooling and radiation from the cylinder was obtained. The numerical solution predicted accurately the experimental results of pool film boiling heat transfer from a horizontal cylinder in water with high radiation emissivity for a wide range of liquid subcooling in the range of nondimensional cylinder diameters around 1.3, where the numerical solution was applicable to the pool film boiling heat transfer from a cylinder with negligible radiation emissivity. An approximate analytical solution for the theoretical model was also derived. It was given by the sum of the pool film boiling heat transfer coefficient if there were no radiation and the radiation heat transfer coefficient for parallel plates multiplied by a nondimensional radiation parameter similar to the expression for saturated pool film boiling given by Bromley. The approximate analytical solution agreed well with the rigorous numerical solution for various liquids of widely different physical properties under wide ranges of conditions.

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Ahn, Hee Seok, Nipun Sinha, Mei Zhang, Debjyoti Banerjee, Shaoli Fang, and Ray H. Baughman. "Pool Boiling Experiments on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) Forests." Journal of Heat Transfer 128, no. 12 (2006): 1335–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2349511.

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In this study, two silicon wafer substrates were coated with vertically aligned multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) “forests” and were used for pool boiling studies. The MWCNT forests (9 and 25μm in height) were synthesized on the silicon wafer substrates using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. The substrates were clamped on a cylindrical copper block with embedded cartridge heaters. The heat flux was measured using sheathed K-type thermocouples, which were placed inside the cylindrical copper block. Pool boiling experiments using refrigerant PF-5060 as the working liquid were conducted to obtain the pool “boiling curve.” The experiments were conducted in nucleate and film boiling regimes to investigate the effect of MWCNT height on pool boiling performance. Reference (control) experiments were also performed with an atomically smooth bare silicon wafer (without MWCNT coating). The results show that the MWCNT forests enhanced critical heat flux (CHF) by 25-28% compared to control experiments. For the film boiling regime, Type-B MWCNT (25μm in height) yields 57% higher heat flux at Leidenfrost point (film boiling regime) compared to control experiments. However, for the Type-A MWCNT (9μm in height) the film boiling heat flux values are nearly identical to the values obtained for the control experiments performed on bare silicon.

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Wang, Xuehui, Tiannian Zhou, Qinpei Chen, Junjiang He, Zheng Zhang, and Jian Wang. "Experimental study on combustion characteristics of blended fuel pool fires." Journal of Fire Sciences 37, no. 3 (2019): 236–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734904119839917.

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Liquid–vapor phase equilibrium theories are used to analyze boiling processes of blended fuel pool fires, and the results show that there are two boiling mechanisms (azeotropism and non-azeotropism) for blended fuels compared with single-component fuels. A series of pool fire experiments were conducted to investigate the combustion characteristics of blended fuel pool fires. The experimental results showed that the two boiling mechanisms have different effects on the burning process of the fuel blends. The boiling temperature and composition varied for the non-azeotropic blends during the burning process and remained steady for azeotropic blends. Furthermore, the boiling temperature of azeotropic blends is lower than that of its components and ranges from a specific temperature to the boiling point of the less volatile component. The flame radiant fraction of the azeotropic blend was also relatively constant during the burning process, whereas that of the non-azeotropic blend varied in different stages of the burning process. Heskestad’s flame height model and flame axial temperature distribution model are applicable for pool fires of azeotropic and non-azeotropic blends.

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Pereira, José, Ana Moita, and António Moreira. "The Pool-Boiling-Induced Deposition of Nanoparticles as the Transient Game Changer—A Review." Nanomaterials 12, no. 23 (2022): 4270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12234270.

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It is widely known by the scientific community that the suspended nanoparticles of nanofluids can enhance the thermophysical properties of base fluids and maximize pool-boiling heat transfer. However, the nanoparticles may undergo extended boiling times and deposit onto the heating surfaces under pool-boiling conditions, thus altering their intrinsic characteristics such as wettability and roughness over time. The present study reviews the fundamental mechanisms and characteristics of nanoparticle deposition, and its impact on surface roughness and wettability, density of vaporized core points, and thermal resistance, among other factors. Moreover, the effect of the nanoparticle layer in long-term thermal boiling performance parameters such as the heat transfer coefficient and critical heat flux is also discussed. This work attempts to highlight, in a comprehensive manner, the pros and cons of nanoparticle deposition after extended pool-boiling periods, leading the scientific community toward further investigation studies of pool-boiling heat-transfer enhancement using nanofluids. This review also attempts to clarify the inconsistent results of studies on heat transfer parameters using nanofluids.

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Stojanovic, Andrijana, Srdjan Belosevic, Nenad Crnomarkovic, Ivan Tomanovic, and Aleksandar Milicevic. "Nucleate pool boiling heat transfer: Review of models and bubble dynamics parameters." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2021): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci200111069s.

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Understanding nucleate pool boiling heat transfer and, in particular the accurate prediction of conditions that can lead to critical heat flux, is of the utmost importance in many industries. Due to the safety issues related to the nuclear power plants, and for the efficient operation of many heat transfer units including fossil fuel boilers, fusion reactors, electronic chips, etc., it is important to understand this kind of heat transfer. In this paper, a comprehensive review of analytical and numerical work on nucleate pool boiling heat transfer is presented. In order to understand this phenomenon, existing studies on boiling heat transfer coefficient and boiling heat flux are also discussed, as well as characteristics of boiling phenomena such as bubble departure diameter, bubble departure frequency, active nucleation site density, bubble waiting and growth period and their impact on pool boiling heat transfer.

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Serrao, Bruno Pinheiro, Kyung Mo Kim, and Juliana Pacheco Duarte. "Analysis of the Effects of Different Nanofluids on Critical Heat Flux Using Artificial Intelligence." Energies 16, no. 12 (2023): 4762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16124762.

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Nanofluid (NF) pool boiling experiments have been conducted widely in the past two decades to study and understand how nanoparticles (NP) affect boiling heat transfer and critical heat flux (CHF). However, the physical mechanisms related to the improvements in CHF in NF pool boiling are still not conclusive due to the coupling effects of the surface characteristics and the complexity of the experimental data. In addition, the current models for pool boiling CHF prediction, which consider surface microstructure characteristics, show limited agreement with the experimental data and do not represent NF pool boiling CHF. In this scenario, artificial intelligence tools, such as machine learning (ML) regressor models, are a very promising means of solving this nonlinear problem. This study focuses on creating a new model to provide more accurate NF pool boiling CHF predictions based on pressure, substrate thermal effusivity, and NP size, concentration, and effusivity. Three ML models (supporting vector regressor—SVR, multi-layer perceptron—MLP, and random forest—RF) were constructed and showed good agreement with an experimental database built from the literature, with MLP presenting the highest mean R2 score and the lowest variability. A systematic methodology for optimizing the ML models is proposed in this work.

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Qi, Yusen, and James F. Klausner. "Heterogeneous Nucleation With Artificial Cavities." Journal of Heat Transfer 127, no. 11 (2005): 1189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2039111.

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Bubble incipience in artificial cavities manufactured from silicon has been studied using gas nucleation and pool boiling. Moderately wetting water and highly wetting ethanol have both been used as the bulk fluid with cylindrical cavities, as well as those with a triangle, square, and rectangle shape cross section. Nominal cavity sizes range from 8to60μm. The incipience conditions observed for water using both gas nucleation and pool boiling suggest that bubble initiation originates from a concave meniscus. Cornwell’s contact angle hysteresis theory for vapor-trapping cavities is used to explain the gas nucleation results. The pool boiling results are more difficult to explain. Using ethanol, cavities appeared to be completely flooded and were not activated using either gas nucleation or pool boiling. Using water and gas nucleation, cavities were almost always activated, provided the incipience criterion was satisfied; in contrast cavities in pool boiling with water activated with different superheats during different experiments. The difference in incipience behavior between gas nucleation and pool boiling with water is explained based on vapor-trapping and thermal suppression considerations. Based on limited experimental results, it appears that the backpressure does not influence gas bubble incipience, provided the pressure difference is the same. The experimental results presented affirm the theory of heterogeneous nucleation from vapor-trapping cavities provided contact angle hysteresis and vapor trapping are fully accounted for. However, the results also suggest that the theoretical considerations required for a deterministic model for incipience from vapor-trapping cavities during boiling is more complex than previously hypothesized.

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Hu, Yashan, Yan Li, Qiu Wang, Bo Yan, Qun Zhang, and Jinghui Sun. "Experimental Study on Combustion Characteristics of Transformer Oil Pool Fire with Different Scales." Frontiers of Engineering and Scientific Research 1, no. 1 (2022): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.56028/fesr.1.1.26.

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To study the combustion characteristics of transformer oil pool fire with different sizes, transformer oil pool fire experiments with diameters of 40cm, 50cm, and 60cm are carried out to analyze the evolution laws of flame height, fire plume temperature, and oil temperature of oil pool fire with different diameters. The results show that the ignition process of the transformer oil pool can be divided into three typical stages: initial growth stage, full development stage, and extinguished stage. According to the characteristics of combustion rate and flame height, the full development stage is subdivided into the stable combustion stage and boiling combustion stage. The flame height of the boiling combustion stage is about 1.1 times higher than that of the stable combustion stage. With the increase of diameter, the range of intermittent flame area of oil pool fire with three diameters increases by 1.2 times. The heat transfer analysis of the full development stage shows that the oil temperature presents the phenomenon of temperature stratification. There is a boiling layer below the liquid level. Its temperature is about 330 °C and its thickness is about 2.3 mm. The oil temperature under the boiling layer decreases in a gradient, and the boiling layer thickness and temperature have no significant correlation with the oil pool diameter.

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Prakyath, Shetty, Hegde Sourabh, and Shankar Shenoy B. "EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF POOL BOILING HEAT TRANSFER USING STAINLESS STEEL." INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH JOURNAL - IERJ 11, no. 1 (2025): 24–27. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15591928.

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Boiling heat transfer is a critical phenomenon in thermal systems, widely applied in power generation, refrigeration, and chemical processes. Among boiling mechanisms, pool boiling is highly effective for achieving high heat transfer rates. This study investigates the pool boiling heat transfer characteristics of stainless steel 304 (SS304) as a thermos wall material immersed in water, focusing on the critical heat flux (CHF), the maximum heat transfer rate before the onset of film boiling. Film boiling significantly reduces heat transfer efficiency and poses safety risks in industrial systems. SS304 is selected for its superior thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, and industrial relevance. The study examines the effects of surface properties, heat input, and boiling dynamics on CHF, addressing gaps in experimental data for SS304 in such setups. The experimental system uses a steel vessel with controlled heating, thermocouples for temperature measurement, and real-time data logging. Heat flux on the SS304 thermo wall is gradually increased to measure CHF, with surface temperature, boiling intensity, and heat flux closely monitored. The findings aim to optimize boiling heat transfer systems by providing reliable CHF data for SS304 under pool boiling conditions. This research also lays the groundwork for exploring surface modifications and material improvements to enhance boiling performance, offering insights valuable to energy, manufacturing, and process industries where efficient thermal systems are critical.

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Sarafraz, M. M., S. M. Peyghambarzadeh, and S. A. Alavi Fazel. "Enhancement of the pool boiling heat transfer coefficient using the gas injection into the water." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 14, no. 4 (2012): 100–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10026-012-0110-5.

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Abstract In this paper, a new method for enhancing the pool boiling heat transfer coefficient of pure liquid, based on the gas injection through the liquids has been introduced. Hence, the effect of gas dissolved in a stagnant liquid on pool boiling heat transfer coefficient, nucleation site density, and bubble departure diameter has experimentally been investigated for different mole fractions of SO2 and various heat fluxes up to 114 kW/ m2. The presence of SO2 in captured vapor inside the bubbles, particularly around the heat transfer surface increases the pool boiling heat transfer coefficient. The available predicted correlations are unable to obtain the reasonable values for pool boiling heat transfer coefficient in this particular case. Therefore, to predict the pool boiling heat transfer coefficient accurately, a new modified correlation based on Stephan-Körner relation has been proposed. Also, during the experiments, it is found that nucleation site density is a strictly exponential function of heat flux. Accordingly, a new correlation has been obtained to predict the nucleation site density. The major application of the nucleation site density is in the estimating of mean bubble diameters as well as local agitation due to the rate of bubble frequency.

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Everts, M., M. Welzl, and D. Brüggemann. "The effective use of focused shadowgraphy for single bubble nucleate pool boiling investigations." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2766, no. 1 (2024): 012149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2766/1/012149.

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Abstract Nucleate pool boiling is known for its high heat transfer coefficients. Despite being widely implemented, the prediction of nucleate pool boiling mechanisms remains complex and single bubble heat transfer analysis is helpful to simplify the problem. Owing to the interesting bubble behaviour during nucleate pool boiling, publications tend to focus on the bubble dynamics while the experimental setup is only briefly discussed. Small but critical information on the experimental setup is often omitted, which makes it challenging or even impossible to reproduce or compare experimental data. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide a systematic approach to using focused shadowgraphy for the investigation of single bubble dynamics using R245fa. A pool boiling experimental setup has been built and equipped with temperature, pressure and heat flux sensors, as well as a high-speed camera and light source. The nucleate pool boiling takes place at a single cavity on a copper block. The influences of the heat transfer surface area, light source, and diffuser films were investigated to provide a systematic approach to the use of focused shadowgraphy for the investigation of single bubble dynamics.

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Kamel, Mohammed Saad, Ahmed K. Albdoor, Saad Jabbar Nghaimesh, and Mohannad Naeem Houshi. "Numerical Study on Pool Boiling of Hybrid Nanofluids Using RPI Model." Fluids 7, no. 6 (2022): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids7060187.

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The performance of deionized (DI) water and hybrid nanofluids for pool boiling from a horizontal copper heater under atmospheric pressure conditions is numerically examined in the current study. The Eulerian–Eulerian scheme is adopted with a Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) sub-boiling model to simulate the boiling phenomena and predict the heat and mass transfer in the interior of the pool boiling vessel. This paper attempts to correct the coefficient of the bubble waiting time (BWTC) in the quenching heat flux partition as a proportion of the total heat flux and then correlate this coefficient to the superheat temperature. The pool boiling curve and pool boiling heat transfer coefficient (PBHTC) obtained for the present model are verified against experimental data from the literature and show good agreement. In addition, this work comprehensively discusses the transient analysis of the vapor volume fraction contours, the vapor velocity vectors, and the streamlines of water velocity at different superheat temperatures. Finally, for BWTC, new proposed correlations with high coefficients of determination of 0.999, 0.932, and 0.923 are introduced for DI water and 0.05 vol.% and 0.1 vol.% hybrid nanofluids, respectively.

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Xie, Zhenhua, Shenyin Yang, Shuangshuang Zhao, Xing Liu, Mingshu Bi, and Jingjie Ren. "Experimental Study on Boiling Vaporization of Liquid Hydrogen in Nonspreading Pool." Processes 11, no. 5 (2023): 1415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11051415.

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Research on the boiling vaporization process of liquid hydrogen spilled on solid ground is very important for the safety risk assessment of liquid hydrogen. Since the main source of the heat flux in the vaporization process comes from the ground, the heat flux from the ground into the liquid pool should be studied in-depth. In this paper, the boiling vaporization process of liquid hydrogen on the surface of concrete is studied. The analysis of the boiling process of a liquid pool is conducted by utilizing the boiling curve and historical temperature data collected in close proximity to the surface of the concrete. It was found that the boiling regime of a liquid hydrogen pool on the concrete surface presents non-uniformity, and the film boiling of liquid hydrogen on the concrete surface ended earlier than the results calculated by boiling regime correlations. When the measured temperature in the experiment indicates a transition from film boiling to the transition boiling, the temperature difference between the thermocouple temperature measured at a depth of 2 mm and the boiling point of liquid hydrogen is 130 K higher than the predicted superheat of the minimum heat flux (MHF). In the later stage of the experiment, the average relative error between the experimental value of the vaporization rate and the predicted value of the model is 7.48%. This research advances the understanding of heat transfer between concrete ground and a liquid hydrogen pool. In addition, the experimental data obtained in this study contributes to improving the source term model for safety analysis of liquid hydrogen spills.

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Ungar, E. K., and R. Eichhorn. "Transition Boiling Curves in Saturated Pool Boiling From Horizontal Cylinders." Journal of Heat Transfer 118, no. 3 (1996): 654–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2822682.

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Pool boiling heat flux versus wall superheat boiling curves were obtained for horizontal 3.18-mm-dia thin-walled brass tubes heated by an internal high-speed flow of ethylene glycol. The boiling liquids were saturated n-pentane, R-113, acetone, methanol ethanol, benzene, and isopropanol. Boiling results include nucleate and transition boiling in all the test liquids, but film boiling was achieved only with methanol. The measured peak heat fluxes are well correlated by available predictions. The methanol experiments clearly display two transition boiling curves, one obtained on increasing the cylinder temperature from nucleate boiling, the other on decreasing the cylinder temperature from film boiling. For the cases in which the highest cylinder temperature reached only into the transition regime, a single transition boiling curve resulted.

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Munish, Baboria, and Singh Harsimran. "A Comparative Analysis of Evaporative Heat Transfer Effect in Nucleate Pool Boiling Process on Copper Substrate." International Journal of Research in Aeronautical and Mechanical Engineering 11, no. 4 (2023): 17–30. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7844876.

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Nuclear pool boiling has been the primary focus for research in heat transfer arena and has drawn the attention of many research scholars. Invoking the recent theories of bubble and vapour mass growth on heating surface in nucleate pool boiling postulated the formation of thin liquid layers between the solid surface and the growing vapour. The high rates of heat transfer in boiling occurs owing to the transient heat conduction through the thin layer in presence of high temperature differential across it. In this paper, the mechanism of formation of these layers and their effect on heat transfer by nucleate boiling process is analysed. In order to understand this phenomenon, existing studies on nucleate boiling heat transfer, as well as characteristics of boiling phenomena such as bubble departure diameter, microlayer as well as macrolayer formation, bubble departure frequency, and their impact on pool boiling heat transfer is analysed and result are validated by invoking the previous research works. The comparison of results of former exploration done till date with the experimental results shows that this model can be considered capable of fairly accurate predictions regarding heat transfer during the nuclear boiling process.

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Sathyabhama, Alangar, and Ramakrishna Hegde. "Prediction of nucleate pool boiling heat transfer coefficient." Thermal Science 14, no. 2 (2010): 353–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci1002353s.

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The correct prediction of the heat transfer performance of the boiling liquid within the evaporator of a refrigeration unit is one of the essential features for the successful operation of the whole unit. There are many correlations available in the literature for the prediction of boiling heat transfer coefficient of pure components. Eight heat transfer pool-boiling correlations that are well known in the literature have been selected and their prediction accuracy has been assessed against experimental data of ammonia available in the literature. The analysis concludes that within the investigated ranges of boiling conditions, the Kruzhilin, Kutateladze, Labuntsov, Mostinski nucleate pool-boiling correlations are the most accurate among those assessed.

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Orman, Łukasz J., Norbert Radek, Andrej Kapjor, and Luiza Dębska. "Pool boiling heat transfer performance of the surface modified with laser." MATEC Web of Conferences 369 (2022): 02003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202236902003.

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The paper deals the problem of pool boiling heat transfer on the surface produced by the modification with the laser beam. The laser enabled to produce grooves and roughness which have a positive impact on heat transfer. The distilled water and ethanol boiling performance of a horizontally located specimen is discussed and the test results are compared with the model of boiling heat transfer selected from the literature. The laser technique proved to be a valuable tool for producing surfaces that improve thermal performance during pool boiling.

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Marco, P. Di, and Walter Grassi. "POOL BOILING IN REDUCED GRAVITY." Multiphase Science and Technology 13, no. 3-4 (2001): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/multscientechn.v13.i3-4.30.

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Lee, Ho Sung, Herman Merte, and Francis Chiaramonte. "Pool Boiling Curve in Microgravity." Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer 11, no. 2 (1997): 216–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/2.6225.

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TZAN, YING LIANG, and YU MIN YANG. "POOL BOILING OF BINARY MIXTURES." Chemical Engineering Communications 66, no. 1 (1988): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00986448808940261.

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Kenning, D. B. R. "New developments in pool boiling." International Journal of Refrigeration 20, no. 8 (1997): 534–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-7007(97)00068-6.

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Ervin, J. S., H. Merte, R. B. Keller, and K. Kirk. "Transient pool boiling in microgravity." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 35, no. 3 (1992): 659–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0017-9310(92)90125-c.

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Roy Chowdhury, S. K., and R. H. S. Winterton. "Surface effects in pool boiling." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 28, no. 10 (1985): 1881–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0017-9310(85)90210-8.

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Madhavan, V., V. A. Gandikota, R. Agarwal, Ho S. Lee, Herman Merte, and Francis Chiaramonte. "Pool boiling curve in microgravity." Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer 11 (January 1997): 216–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/3.882.

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Parlatan, Y., and U. S. Rohatgi. "Simple Model of Boiling Heat Transfer on Tubes in Large Pools." Journal of Heat Transfer 119, no. 2 (1997): 376–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2824237.

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A simple method has been developed to model boiling heat transfer from a heat exchanger to pools using the experimental data available in the literature without modeling the flow dynamics of the pool. In this approach the heat flux outside vertical tubes is expressed as a function of outside wall temperature of the tubes and saturation temperature of the pool at or near atmospheric pressure.

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35

Islam, Md. Saimon, Taslima Haque Khadija, and Chandra Saha Suman. "An Experimental Investigation of Pool Boiling at Atmospheric Pressure." DIU Journal of Science & Technology 6, no. 1 (2024): 80–86. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13731583.

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This paper deals with an experimental investigation of pool boiling of water and methanol at atmospheric pressure from small horizontal heat sources. The heat sources are inserted into the copper tube submerged in a laterally-confined, finite pool of liquid. The saturated pool boiling heat transfer characteristics and the critical heat flux (CHF) condition were determined in the experiments. In the experiment, an attempt has been made to estimate the heat flux for pool boiling of Water and Methanol at atmospheric pressure. An indoor experiment was conducted to measure (i) the heat flux of water and methanol, (ii) the temperature of the working fluids, (iii) the wall superheat temperatures, (iv) the temperatures at the bottom and side of the pot, (v) time required to be superheated at definite time intervals for a given heat input. The heat input has been varied by changing the voltage with the help of a voltage regulator. A regression analysis has been performed by using the experimental data in the correlation of Rohsenow for pool boiling.

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XIAO, BOQI, ZONGCHI WANG, and BOMING YU. "A FRACTAL ANALYSIS OF SUBCOOLED NUCLEATE POOL BOILING." Fractals 16, no. 01 (2008): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x0800382x.

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A fractal model for the subcooled nucleate pool boiling heat transfer is proposed in this paper. The analytical expressions for the subcooled nucleate pool boiling heat transfer are derived based on the fractal distribution of nucleation sites on boiling surfaces. The proposed fractal model for the subcooled nucleate pool boiling heat transfer is found to be a function of wall superheat, liquid subcooling, fractal dimension, the minimum and maximum active cavity size, the contact angle and physical properties of fluid. No additional/new empirical constant is introduced, and the proposed model contains less empirical constants than the conventional models. The model predictions are compared with the existing experimental data, and fair agreement between the model predictions and experimental data is found for different liquid subcoolings.

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Mani, Dharmendra, Suresh Sivan, Hafiz Muhammad Ali, and Udaya Kumar Ganesan. "Investigation to Improve the Pool Boiling Heat Transfer Characteristics Using Laser-Textured Copper-Grooved Surfaces." International Journal of Photoenergy 2020 (February 4, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3846157.

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Improving the performance of pool boiling with critical heat flux of pool boiling and enhancing the coefficient of heat transfer through surface modification technique have gained a lot of attention. These surface modifications can be done at different scales using various techniques. However, along with the performance improvement, the durability and stability of the surface modification are very crucial. Laser machining is an attractive option in this aspect and is gaining a lot of attention. In the present experimentation research work, pool boiling attributed performance of copper-grooved surfaces obtained through picosecond laser machining method is investigated. The performance of the modified surfaces was compared with the plain surface serving as reference. In this, three square grooved patterns with the same pitch (100 μm) and width (100 μm) but different depths (30, 70, and 100 μm) were investigated. Different depths were obtained by varying the scanning speed of the laser machine. In addition to the microchannel effect, the grain structuring during the laser machining process creates additional nucleation sites which has proven its effectiveness in improving the pool boiling performance. In all aspects, the pool boiling performance of the grooved laser-textured surface has showed increased surface characterisation as compared with the surface of copper.

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Sakamoto, Shosuke, Hirofumi Tanigawa, and Takaharu Tsuruta. "On Transition Boiling Heat Transfer in Subcooled Pool Boiling." Proceedings of the Thermal Engineering Conference 2020 (October 9, 2020): 0138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeted.2020.0138.

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Hung, Ying-Huei, and Shi-Chune Yao. "Pool Boiling Heat Transfer in Narrow Horizontal Annular Crevices." Journal of Heat Transfer 107, no. 3 (1985): 656–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3247474.

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Experimental results of the pool boiling in horizontal narrow annuli are reported. The effects of fluid properties, pool subcooling, crevice length, and gap size on the boiling behavior and the critical heat flux (CHF) are also studied. The CHF decreases with decreasing gap size or increasing length of the annuli. The lower CHF of narrow crevices may be explained by the thin film evaporation. A semi-empirical correlation is established for the CHF of pool boiling in horizontal confined spaces. This correlation is compared with the CHF data of the present experiment. Satisfactory agreement is obtained.

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Kang, M. G. "Effect of Tube Inclination on Pool Boiling Heat Transfer." Journal of Heat Transfer 122, no. 1 (1999): 188–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.521456.

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An experimental parametric study of a tubular heat exchanger has been carried out under pool boiling conditions to determine effects of the tube inclination angle on pool boiling heat transfer. Through the study, it can be concluded that (1) tube inclination gives much change on pool boiling heat transfer and the effect of the inclination angle is more strongly observed in the smooth tube and (2) if a tube is properly inclined, enhanced heat transfer is expected due to the decrease in bubble slug formation on the tube surface and easy liquid access to the surface. [S0022-1481(00)01201-9]

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Liu, Qi, Yanwei Zhao, Yuxin Wu, Guangyu Qin, Guangde Li, and Junfu Lyu. "Impacts of salt concentration on nucleate pool boiling of NaCl solution." AIP Advances 13, no. 3 (2023): 035005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0140825.

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Salt solution pool boiling is of great significance in thermal engineering equipment, such as boilers and heat exchangers. Few researchers have been able to draw on systematic research into the impacts of salt concentration on boiling heat transfer coefficients. This experimental work is aimed to understand the role of dissolved salts on pool boiling performance, which is affected by surface wettability and bubble dynamics. Pool boiling experiment was conducted within a broad range of salt concentration. The results show two different tendencies for the two heating surfaces. The heat transfer coefficient is enhanced in the pin–fin heating surface while deteriorated in the bare heating surface as the salt concentration increased. It is indicated that salt solution promotes bubble diameter and nucleate density for ∼13% and 9%, respectively, by strengthening the hydrophobicity of the pin–fin heating surface. Hence, the boiling heat transfer is strengthened.

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Raman, Kumar Reji Mathew. "EFFECTS OF SURFACTANTS (NH4CL) BEHAVIORS ON NUCLEATE POOL BOILING OVER NICHROME WIRE." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 5, no. 9 (2016): 251–55. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.61608.

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The heat transfer in boiling can be enhanced byadding small amount of additive in fluid. Addition of small amount of additive in the fluid changes the physical behavior of the boiling phenomenon. Surfactant changes thermo-physical properties of the fluid. Experiments on pool boiling were carried in presence of the surfactant in pure water with an aim to enhance heat transfer in pool boiling by addition of surfactants. Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl) is taken as test surfactant and added separately in water with varying concentration. The results of surfactant NH4Cl in pure water showed the heat transfer enhancement and above this range no enhancement was observed. Also the trend ofboiling curves in presence of this surfactant in the water, shiftedtowards the lower excess temperature side. Kinetics of vaporbubble in pool boiling phenomena for pure water with and without surfactant was observed in terms of bubble nucleation, growth and its departure.

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Hewitt, Geoffrey F., and John G. Collier. "2.7.7 BOILING AND EVAPORATION: Boiling of binary and multicomponent mixtures: Pool boiling." Heat Exchanger Design Updates 7, no. 2 (2000): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/heatexchdesignupd.v7.i2.40.

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Michiyoshi, I. "Boiling Heat Transfer in Liquid Metals." Applied Mechanics Reviews 41, no. 3 (1988): 129–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3151887.

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This article presents the state-of-the-art review of boiling heat transfer in various liquid metals paying attention to research papers published in the last 15 years. Particular emphasis is laid on the incipient boiling superheat, diagnosis of natural and forced convection boiling, nucleate pool boiling heat transfer in mercury, sodium, potassium, NaK, lithium, and so on at sub- and near atmospheric pressure, effect of liquid level on liquid metal boiling, subcooling effect due to hydrostatic head on liquid metal boiling, effect of magnetic field on liquid metal boiling, pool boiling crisis under various conditions and intermittent boiling of liquid metal, two-phase flow heat transfer, and natural and forced convection film boiling in saturated and subcooled liquid metals. In conclusion, there still remain some ambiguous and unsolved problems which are pointed out in this article. Further studies are of course required to clarify and solve them in future with both theoretical and experimental approaches.

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Radek, Norbert, Łukasz J. Orman, Stanislav Honus, and Jacek Pietraszek. "Critical Analysis of Pool Boiling Correlations." System Safety: Human - Technical Facility - Environment 5, no. 1 (2023): 258–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/czoto-2023-0028.

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Abstract The manuscript describes the problem of boiling heat flux determination with the focus on nucleate boiling mode. It presents the boiling phenomenon on the bare surface and provides a review of the correlations that can be used for modelling purposes. Two most commonly applied correlations were validated against the experimental results. One of them showed significant discrepancies, which might be attributed to the conditions of the research and possible variations in the morphology of the heater. The other correlation proved to be successful in determining heat flux.

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Kunugi, Tomoaki, and Yasuo Ose. "Direct Numerical Simulation and Visualization of Subcooled Pool Boiling." Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/120604.

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A direct numerical simulation of the boiling phenomena is one of the promising approaches in order to clarify their heat transfer characteristics and discuss the mechanism. During these decades, many DNS procedures have been developed according to the recent high performance computers and computational technologies. In this paper, the state of the art of direct numerical simulation of the pool boiling phenomena during mostly two decades is briefly summarized at first, and then the nonempirical boiling and condensation model proposed by the authors is introduced into the MARS (MultiInterface Advection and Reconstruction Solver developed by the authors). On the other hand, in order to clarify the boiling bubble behaviors under the subcooled conditions, the subcooled pool boiling experiments are also performed by using a high speed and high spatial resolution camera with a highly magnified telescope. Resulting from the numerical simulations of the subcooled pool boiling phenomena, the numerical results obtained by the MARS are validated by being compared to the experimental ones and the existing analytical solutions. The numerical results regarding the time evolution of the boiling bubble departure process under the subcooled conditions show a very good agreement with the experimental results. In conclusion, it can be said that the proposed nonempirical boiling and condensation model combined with the MARS has been validated.

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Wen, Mao Yu, Ching Yen Ho, and Kang Jang Jang. "Characteristics of Pool Boiling Heat Transfer from Sintered Surfaces." Advanced Materials Research 566 (September 2012): 382–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.566.382.

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This study investigated the effect of design parameters on pool boiling heat transfer on the sintered surfaces of a tube. The pool boiling experiments were conducted in saturated, deionized and degassed water. Data were taken at an atmospherical pressure and a fixed heat flux of 41,000 . In the experimentation, the effects of the sintering pressure, sintering time, sintering temperature, heating rate, and particle size on the boiling heat-transfer coefficient of the sintered surface were investigated using the Taguchi method, and an orthogonal array table was selected as an experimental plan for some parameters mentioned above. Based on the results of SN (signal/noise) ratio and ANOVA (Analysis of Variance), the optimal conditions of specifications of parameters will be provided. It was found that all the chosen sintering factors have significant effects on the pool boiling heat transfer coefficient. Optimum pool boiling heat transfer coefficient of 5.29 was achieved with a sintering pressure of 2 atmospheres, a sintering time of 2 hr, a sintering temperature of 900 °C, a heating rate of 5 °C/min and a particle size of 0.35 mm in a nitrogen container.

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Mukherjee, Sayantan, Naser Ali, Nawaf F. Aljuwayhel, Purna C. Mishra, Swarnendu Sen, and Paritosh Chaudhuri. "Pool Boiling Amelioration by Aqueous Dispersion of Silica Nanoparticles." Nanomaterials 11, no. 8 (2021): 2138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11082138.

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Non-metallic oxide nanofluids have recently attracted interest in pool boiling heat transfer (PBHT) studies. Research work on carbon and silica-based nanofluids is now being reported frequently by scholars. The majority of these research studies showed improvement in PBHT performance. The present study reports an investigation on the PBHT characteristics and performance of water-based silica nanofluids in the nucleate boiling region. Sonication-aided stable silica nanofluids with 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 particle concentrations were prepared. The stability of nanofluids was detected and confirmed via visible light absorbance and zeta potential analyses. The PBHT performance of nanofluids was examined in a customized boiling pool with a flat heating surface. The boiling characteristics, pool boiling heat transfer coefficient (PBHTC), and critical heat flux (CHF) were analyzed. The effects of surface wettability, contact angle, and surface roughness on heat transfer performance were investigated. Bubble diameter and bubble departure frequency were estimated using experimental results. PBHTC and CHF of water have shown an increase due to the nanoparticle inclusion, where they have reached a maximum improvement of ≈1.33 times over that of the base fluid. The surface wettability of nanofluids was also enhanced due to a decrease in boiling surface contact angle from 74.1° to 48.5°. The roughness of the boiling surface was reduced up to 1.5 times compared to the base fluid, which was due to the nanoparticle deposition on the boiling surface. Such deposition reduces the active nucleation sites and increases the thermal resistance between the boiling surface and bulk fluid layer. The presence of the dispersed nanoparticles caused a lower bubble departure frequency by 2.17% and an increase in bubble diameter by 4.48%, which vigorously affects the pool boiling performance.

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Kaniowski, Robert, and Robert Pastuszko. "Comparison of heat transfer coefficients of open micro-channels and plain micro-fins." EPJ Web of Conferences 180 (2018): 02041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818002041.

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The paper describes results of analysis of pool boiling heat transfer on enhanced surfaces. Two types of structural surfaces were used: open microchannel surfaces consisting of a system of parallel micro-channels 0.3 mm wide, from 0.2 to 0.5 mm deep and with a pitch of 0.6 mm, and plain micro-fins 0.5 mm in height, uniformly spaced on the base surface with a spacing from 0.6 to1.5 mm. Pool boiling data at atmospheric pressure were obtained for saturated water, ethanol and FC-72. The effects of micro-channel/micro-fin dimensions on heat transfer coefficient in nucleate pool boiling were examined. Substantial enhancement of heat transfer coefficient was observed.

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Vafaei, Saeid, and Hyungdae Kim. "Single Bubble Boiling from an Artificial Cavity." Journal of Nanofluids 8, no. 8 (2019): 1617–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jon.2019.1719.

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Pool boiling heat transfer is an aggressive and complex phenomenon which needs to be simplified for a better understanding of the mechanism of bubble growth and departure and how boiling heat transfer can be enhanced. Single bubble boiling heat transfer is a simple version of boiling phenomenon which has been used to study the effective elements on pool boiling heat transfer. The purpose of the present review paper is to understand how to produce single bubble pool boiling on a heated substrate and investigate, how single bubble boiling phenomenon can be affected by geometry of cavities, cavity size, wettability, roughness, working fluid, subcooling, wall superheat, heat flux, gravity, etc. It was demonstrated that cylindrical cavities are capable to generate stable and continuous bubbling, small temperature fluctuation, low superheat with short waiting period. The cylindrical cavities can be manufactured very easily in small sizes which can be a good candidate to produce single bubble pool boiling. As heat flux increases, smaller cavities start becoming active. For a given depth, as cavity size increases, the bubble growth rate and departure volume increase. Surface wettability is another complex and important factor to modify the single bubble boiling heat transfer. Wettability depends mainly on force balance at the triple contact line which relies on solid–liquid–gas materials. In case of hydrophobic surfaces, the triple line has tendency to move toward liquid phase and expand the radius of triple line, so the initiation of nucleation is easier, the waiting time is shorter, the downward surface tension force becomes bigger since radius of triple line is larger, the bubble departure volume is higher and bubble growth period is longer. The effects of the rest of main parameters on single bubble boiling are discussed in this paper in details. In addition, a theoretical model is developed to predict the liquid-vapor interface for the single bubble boiling. The theoretical model is compared with single bubble boiling experimental data and good results observed.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Pool boiling'

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