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Journal articles on the topic 'Poor laws, Great Britain, Scotland'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Jones, Peter. "The New Poor Laws in Scotland, England and Wales: Comparative Perspectives." Local Population Studies, no. 99 (December 31, 2017): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.35488/lps99.2017.31.

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This article focuses on a seemingly obvious but largely overlooked question in the historiography of British welfare: what are the merits of, and the obstacles to, a serious comparative study of the poor laws in the constituent countries of mainland Britain? It first considers the wider context for such a question in relation to European welfare history, then discusses the broad historiographical trends for each country in relation to two key areas of the welfare debate: how far the intentions of the central Poor Law authorities were reflected in local practice, and the ability of paupers them

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2

Slavković, V. "Legislation Related to School Shootings in Great Britain." Вестник Пермского университета. Юридические науки, no. 1(63) (2024): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/1995-4190-2024-63-173-182.

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Introduction: school shootings remain a highly relevant topic for investigation because the social environment and interpersonal relationships play a leading role in the formation of aggressive intentions of perpetrators. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of British legislation related to school shootings. Historically, the law of homicide in the United Kingdom has had a number of distinguishing marks. Structurally, the Scots law of homicide resembles the law of England and Wales because the offences of murder and culpable homicide in Scotland closely resemble the offences of

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3

Young, Liz. "Paupers, Property, and Place: A Geographical Analysis of the English, Irish, and Scottish Poor Laws in the Mid-19th Century." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 12, no. 3 (1994): 325–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d120325.

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The diversity of poor law policy and practice in Britain in the mid-19th century is examined. Primary sources consulted include contemporary literature and the minute books of five poor law unions in Scotland. The discussion is set in the context of the existing literature on the New English Poor Law and the debate about the nature of British state formation. It is argued that by broadening the geographical scope of analysis to include consideration of the Irish and Scottish Poor Laws a more nuanced account of the processes and patterns of state formation emerges. Analysis of the ‘poverty ques

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Darwen, Lewis, Donald Macraild, Brian Gurrin, and Liam Kennedy. "‘Unhappy and Wretched Creatures’: Charity, Poor Relief and Pauper Removal in Britain and Ireland during the Great Famine*." English Historical Review 134, no. 568 (2019): 589–619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/cez137.

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Abstract During the Great Famine (1845–51) hundreds of thousands of Irish refugees fled to Britain, escaping the hunger and disease afflicting their homeland. Many made new lives there, but others were subsequently shipped back to Ireland by poor law authorities under the laws of Settlement and Removal. This article explores the coping strategies of the Famine Irish in Britain, and the responses of poor law authorities to the inflow of refugees with a particular focus on their use of removal. We argue that British poor law unions in areas heavily affected by the refugee crisis adopted rigorous

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Lane, Rosanna A., Gemma Coxon, Jim E. Freer, et al. "Benchmarking the predictive capability of hydrological models for river flow and flood peak predictions across over 1000 catchments in Great Britain." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 23, no. 10 (2019): 4011–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4011-2019.

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Abstract. Benchmarking model performance across large samples of catchments is useful to guide model selection and future model development. Given uncertainties in the observational data we use to drive and evaluate hydrological models, and uncertainties in the structure and parameterisation of models we use to produce hydrological simulations and predictions, it is essential that model evaluation is undertaken within an uncertainty analysis framework. Here, we benchmark the capability of several lumped hydrological models across Great Britain by focusing on daily flow and peak flow simulation

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6

Moon, Graham, Grant Aitken, Joanna Taylor, and Liz Twigg. "Integrating national surveys to estimate small area variations in poor health and limiting long-term illness in Great Britain." BMJ Open 7, no. 8 (2017): e016936. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016936.

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ObjectivesThis study aims to address, for the first time, the challenges of constructing small area estimates of health status using linked national surveys. The study also seeks to assess the concordance of these small area estimates with data from national censuses.SettingPopulation level health status in England, Scotland and Wales.ParticipantsA linked integrated dataset of 23 374 survey respondents (16+ years) from the 2011 waves of the Health Survey for England (n=8603), the Scottish Health Survey (n=7537) and the Welsh Health Survey (n=7234).Primary and secondary outcome measuresPopulati

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7

MacQueen, Hector L. "Mixed Jurisdictions and Convergence: Scotland." International Journal of Legal Information 29, no. 2 (2001): 309–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0731126500009446.

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There is an independent Scottish legal system today because, until the Union of the English and Scottish Crowns in 1603 and the Union of the Parliaments of the two countries in 1707, Scotland was an independent sovereign state. When King James VI of Scotland became James I of England and Great Britain in 1603, there was considerable interest in the possibility of establishing a single legal system for the newly united kingdoms, while during the Cromwellian interlude of the 1650s the possibility moved some way towards actuality. But the 1707 Act of Union showed a recognition that the establishm

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Pavlenko, V., and L. Martynenko. "PRIMARY SCHOOLS OF GREAT BRITAIN: STAGES OF FORMATION." Zhytomyr Ivan Franko state university journal. Рedagogical sciences, no. 2(117) (June 27, 2024): 182–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.35433/pedagogy.2(117).2024.16.

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The article proves that the formation of primary education in Great Britain took place over the centuries, starting with the creation of charitable and private schools for children of poor and wealthy families in the 17th-18th centuries, the opening of industrial, religious and grammar schools at the beginning of the 19th century. The creation of a system of general compulsory primary education in Great Britain took place at the end of the 19th century – the beginning of the 20th century, which was established by government laws that provided for obligatory and free education, as well as ensur

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9

Musiewicz, Piotr. "Krytyka nowego prawa o ubogich w ujęciu ruchu oksfordzkiego (1833‑1845)." Politeja 15, no. 55 (2019): 57–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/politeja.15.2018.55.04.

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The Oxford Movement’s Critique of the Poor Law Amendment ActThe paper presents a short history of poor laws in England and Great Britain, the content and justifications of the Poor Law Amendment Act (1834), general characteristics of the Oxford Movement and its main political ideas, the state of contemporary research on the topic, and finally the Movement’s approach to the new Poor Law. This approach – the Oxford Movement’s critique – has been reconstructed into three main groups of arguments. In the first group there are arguments pointing out why a state’s responsibility, and state-organised

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10

Miller, Kenneth. "The American Employment-at-Will Doctrine and its Impact upon Employee Rights." Edinburgh Law Review 5, no. 2 (2001): 169–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/elr.2001.5.2.169.

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In Great Britain protection against arbitrary dismissal is almost taken for granted. The protection has been in existence for nearly thirty years and the basic rules are fairly straightforward and reasonably well known. The British position is not dissimilar to that enacted in other countries and is consistent with international standards. It is surprising to discover, therefore, that the world's most powerful state, the United States, lacks universal and coherent laws on dismissal. To be sure protections are available in the unionised sector through grievance arbitration, and there are federa

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Smith, John T. "The Priest and the Elementary School in the Second Half of the Nineteenth Century." Recusant History 25, no. 3 (2001): 530–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003419320003034x.

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The Report of a Select Committee in 1835 gave the total of Catholic day schools in England as only 86, with the total for Scotland being 20. Catholic children had few opportunities for day school education. HMI Baptist Noel reported in 1840: ‘very few Protestant Dissenters and scarcely any Roman Catholics send their children to these [National] schools; which is little to be wondered at, since they conscientiously object to the repetition of the Church catechism, which is usually enforced upon all the scholars. Multitudes of Roman Catholic children, for whom some provision should be made, are

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12

Szymura, Mateusz. "Kilka uwag o genezie i roli Sądu Sesji w Królestwie Szkocji (1532–1707)." Prawo 330 (November 9, 2020): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0524-4544.330.2.

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Some remarks on the origins and role of the Court of Session in the Kingdom of Scotland (1532–1707)The purpose of this article is to illustrate the origins and evolution of the central court of the Kingdom of Scotland from its inception in 1532 until the end of the Kingdom as an independent entity of international law following its establishment in 1707 of the United Kingdom of Great Britain. The analysis of the structure of the court is based on the laws of the old Scottish Parliament, and the main thesis of the study is the evolutionary nature of the provisions constituting the Court of Sess

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13

Jobodwana, Zingisile Ntozintle. "OIL IN THE GULF OF GUINEA STATES AND SOUTH AFRICA IN THE MATRIX OF OVERLAPPING MEMBERSHIP OF AFRICAN REGIONAL COMMUNITIES: AN IMPEDIMENT TO REGIONAL INTEGRATION?" Journal of Law, Society and Development 3, no. 1 (2016): 6–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2520-9515/273.

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The Gulf of Guinea states (GOGs) discussed in this article comprise a diverse group of more than 20 African states bordering on the oil-rich Gulf of Guinea. They are former colonies of Belgium, France, Great Britain and Germany. These states are of strategic importance to the United States, the European Union, India and China because of their tremendous natural resources that include biodiversity, oil, gas and other strategic minerals. But to what extent are they also of strategic importance not only to South Africa but to SADC member states? After all, the GOGs boast of their sea routes being

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14

"“Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”: A Critique of the British Political Agenda." International Journal of Arabic-English Studies 22, no. 2 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.33806/ijaes2000.22.2.14.

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The Restoration and the eighteenth century brought great changes to the islands of Great Britain. It was a time that witnessed the Act of Union which joined Scotland and Wales to Britain in 1707. Britain achieved political stability and commercial prosperity. New standards of politeness and social behavior prevailed to distinguish between civilized and vulgar citizens. The standards of hierarchy and order helped people participate in and contribute to the emergence of the British Empire and culture. For the sake of expansion, Britain started to drive many of its population and soldiers to sett

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15

Dean, Linda E., Ovidiu Rotariu, Gareth T. Jones, Ejaz Pathan, and Gary J. Macfarlane. "P244 Determining factors related to poor quality of life in patients with axSpA: results from the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register." Rheumatology 59, Supplement_2 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keaa111.238.

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Abstract Background The aim when treating people with axial spondyloarthropathies (axSpA) is to maintain/improve their Quality of Life (QoL), traditionally through reducing disease activity. Previously, the Scotland Registry for Ankylosing Spondylitis (SIRAS) demonstrated, however, that although important, disease activity may not be the only factor influencing QoL. Indeed, function was a better predictor, with fatigue, chronic widespread pain and spinal mobility also important. The aim of the current study was to validate the previous findings in a large nationwide population, and determine i

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16

Gíslason, Kári. "Independent People." M/C Journal 13, no. 1 (2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.231.

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There is an old Danish fable that says that the Devil was watching when God created the earth, and that, as the creation progressed, he became increasingly agitated over the wondrous achievements he was made to witness. At the end of it all, the Devil turned to God, and said, ‘Now, watch this.’ He created Iceland. It’s a vision of the country that resembles my own. I have always thought of Iceland as the island apart. The place that came last in the earth’s construction, whoever the engineer, and so remains forever distant. Perhaps that’s because, for me, Iceland is a home far from home. It is

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17

Gardiner, Amanda. "It Is Almost as If There Were a Written Script: Child Murder, Concealment of Birth, and the Unmarried Mother in Western Australia." M/C Journal 17, no. 5 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.894.

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BASTARDYAll children born before matrimony, or so long after the death of the husband as to render it impossible that the child could be begotten by him, are bastards.– Cro. Jac. 451William Toone: The Magistrates Manual, 1817 (66)On 4 September 1832, the body of a newborn baby boy was found washed up on the shore at the port town of Fremantle, Western Australia. As the result of an inquest into the child’s suspicious death, a 20-year-old, unmarried woman named Mary Summerland was accused of concealing his birth. In October 2014, 25-year-old Irish backpacker Caroline Quinn faced court in Perth,

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18

See, Pamela Mei-Leng. "Branding: A Prosthesis of Identity." M/C Journal 22, no. 5 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.1590.

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This article investigates the prosthesis of identity through the process of branding. It examines cross-cultural manifestations of this phenomena from sixth millennium BCE Syria to twelfth century Japan and Britain. From the Neolithic Era, humanity has sort to extend their identities using pictorial signs that were characteristically simple. Designed to be distinctive and instantly recognisable, the totemic symbols served to signal the origin of the bearer. Subsequently, the development of branding coincided with periods of increased in mobility both in respect to geography and social strata.

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19

Newman, Felicity. ""You Have a Basket for the Bread, Just Put the Bloody Chicken in It"." M/C Journal 2, no. 7 (1999). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.1793.

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We'd eat at Cahill's, Cahill's Family Restaurants I believe they were called, and quite plushy looking ... . At Cahill's we'd eat Viennese Schnitzel, with potato salad and some nice red cabbage salad, sort of pickled ... . Even more exotic was Chicken Maryland, served with a banana and a slice of pineapple in batter. It cost 7s 6d. -- Marion Halligan (11) We migrated in the sixties. Born in Cape Town, I was raised in the heart of Jewish Bondi. The flavours of my youth? Probably equal parts peri-peri, horseradish and chicken booster, not bouquet garni. My introduction to what was 'Australian' f

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