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Ouédraogo, Youssouf, Hicham Benyahia, Joseph Samba Diouf, Tiécoura Camara, Raoul Bationo, and Papa Ibrahima Ngom. "Cephalometric norms of a Burkina Faso population." International Orthodontics 17, no. 1 (March 2019): 136–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ortho.2019.01.002.
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Djika Ali, Sakola. "WOMENS ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENT IN BURKINA FASO." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 02 (February 28, 2021): 808–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12518.
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In Burkina Faso, women make up nearly 52% of the population, but they account for less than 20% of business start-ups. This paper seeks to identify factors that explain the entrepreneurial intent of Burkinabe women. It is based on socio-cognitive career theory and a quantitative approach involving a sample of 935 women. The results of the multinomial logistic regression show that five variables (perception of skills, fear of failure, education level, household size and household income level) explain womens intention to start a business with as a reference modality (1: having the intention). The main contribution is of a methodological nature, and through the choice of reference modalities allows for greater precision on the influence of the variables and the categories or sub-groups of women influenced.
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Traore, A., H. H. Tamboura, A. Kabore, L. J. Royo, I. Fernandez, I. Alvarez, M. Sangare, et al. "Multivariate analyses on morphological traits of goats in Burkina Faso." Archives Animal Breeding 51, no. 6 (October 10, 2008): 588–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-51-588-2008.
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Abstract. A total of 10,147 female goats from Burkina Faso were scored for 7 body measures and 12 qualitative traits. Sampling included the three main environmental areas and goat breeds of Burkina Faso: the Sahel area (Sahelian goat), the Sudan-Sahel area (Mossi goat) and the Sudan area (Djallonké goat). Overall, the Sahelian goat had the highest values for the all the analysed body measures. Differences between the Sudan and the Sudan-Sahel goat were little. The Burkina Faso goat is mainly spotted (61.92 %) with horns type “Spanish Ibex” (84.05 %), frequent absence of beard (75.33 %) and wattles (70.92 %) and poorly developed udder (73.72 %). The Sahelian population included most individuals with dropping (95.60 %) and curled (73.62 %) ears, whilst most Sudan-Sahel individuals had horizontal ears (73.14 %) and most Sudan individuals had vertical ears (97.88 %). The largest Mahalanobis distance was found between the Sahelian and Sudan areas (7.50) whilst the Sudan and the Sudan-Sahel populations were poorly differentiated (1.15). Discriminant analysis showed that most Sahel and Sudan-Sahel individuals were classified into their source population (79.29 % and 82.69 %) whilst the Sudan individuals (93.40 %) were classified as Sudan-Sahel individuals. Both the canonical and the correspondence analyses showed that the Sahelian and Sudan individuals tended to cluster separately whilst the Sudan-Sahel individuals showed an intermediate distribution but clearly biased toward the Sudan individuals. The Sudan-Sahel (Mossi) population can be considered a result from the genetic contact between Sahelians and Sudan goats.
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Poirier, Jean, Victor Piché, Gaël Le Jeune, Bonayi Dabiré, and Hamdou Rabby Wane. "Projet d’étude des stratégies de reproduction des populations sahéliennes à partir de l’enquête « Dynamique migratoire, insertion urbaine et environnement au Burkina Faso »." Cahiers québécois de démographie 30, no. 2 (March 25, 2004): 289–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/010312ar.
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RÉSUMÉ Cette note présente l'enquête nationale « Dynamique migratoire, insertion urbaine et environnement au Burkina Faso », réalisée conjointement en 2000-2001 par le Département de démographie de l'Université de Montréal, le CERPOD et l'UERD dans le cadre du Programme population et développement au Sahel. Cette enquête vise une meilleure compréhension des stratégies de reproduction que mettent en oeuvre les populations du Burkina Faso. Une première partie situe l'enquête sur le plan théorique en illustrant les différentes facettes du concept de stratégie de reproduction à l'aide d'exemples tirés de travaux portant sur le Burkina Faso. La seconde partie présente les objectifs et le plan de sondage de l'enquête et décrit l'information collectée à chacun des niveaux d'analyse : individu, ménage, communauté, région et pays. Pour chaque niveau, nous insistons sur les défis de la collecte, les innovations de notre enquête et son potentiel en matière d'analyse, en soulignant certaines hypothèses importantes que nous comptons tester.
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Kaboré, Seydou, Tieba Millogo, Joseph Kouesyandé Soubeiga, Hermann Lanou, Brice Bicaba, and Seni Kouanda. "Prevalence and risk factors for overweight and obesity: a cross-sectional countrywide study in Burkina Faso." BMJ Open 10, no. 11 (November 2020): e032953. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032953.
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ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and predictors of overweight and obesity in Burkina Faso using a population-based countrywide sample. We hypothesise that there is a significant burden related to overweight/obesity in Burkina Faso.DesignSecondary analysis of a population-based countrywide cross-sectional study.SettingBurkina Faso, all the 13 regions including both rural and urban residential areas.Participants4800 participants of both sexes, aged between 25 and 64 years.Main outcomesOverweight and obesity using body mass index cut-off levels of the WHO.ResultsThe prevalence of overweight and obesity in Burkina Faso were 13.82% (95% CI: 12.25 to 15.55) and 4.84% (95% CI: 3.99 to 5.86), respectively. Among men, the proportional odds of overweight/obesity increase with urban residency (p<0.001), greater age (p<0.002), marital status different from single (p≤0.007) and decrease with current smoking (p=0.009). Among women, the proportional odds of overweight/obesity increase with urban residency (p<0.001), primary educational level (p=0.01), high total blood cholesterol level (p<0.001) and high fasting blood glucose level (p=0.02), and decrease with current smoking (p<0.001).ConclusionOur study showed that nearly one person out of five in the adult population of Burkina has an abnormal weight status with women being more affected than men. Urban residency is a consistent risk factor in both men and women. Alcohol consumption and education were associated with an increased odds in only women. Overnutrition needs to be recognised as an important public health issue in Burkina Faso and nutrition interventions need to be reshaped to account for it.
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Devoucoux, R., C. Hurpin, D. Baudon, J. F. Molez, J. F. Roux, M. Guilloud-Bataille, P. Carnevale, and J. Feingold. "Population genetics of abnormal haemoglobins in Burkina Faso, West Africa." Annals of Human Biology 18, no. 4 (January 1991): 295–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03014469100001612.
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Ouédraogo, A., J. G. Ouango, K. Karfo, P. Goumbri, D. Nanéma, and B. Sawadogo. "Prévalence des troubles mentaux en population générale au Burkina Faso." L'Encéphale 45, no. 4 (September 2019): 367–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.encep.2018.03.002.
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Dwomoh, Duah, Kofi Agyabeng, Kwame Agbeshie, Gabriel Incoom, Priscilla Nortey, Alfred Yawson, and Samuel Bosomprah. "Impact evaluation of the free maternal healthcare policy on the risk of neonatal and infant deaths in four sub-Saharan African countries: a quasi-experimental design with propensity score Kernel matching and difference in differences analysis." BMJ Open 10, no. 5 (May 2020): e033356. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033356.
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ObjectiveDespite the huge financial investment in the free maternal healthcare policy (FMHCP) by the Governments of Ghana and Burkina Faso, no study has quantified the impact of FMHCP on the relative reduction in neonatal and infant mortality rates using a more rigorous matching procedure with the difference in differences (DID) analysis. This study used several rounds of publicly available population-based complex survey data to determine the impact of FMHCP on neonatal and infant mortality rates in these two countries.DesignA quasi-experimental study to evaluate the FMHCP implemented in Burkina Faso and Ghana between 2007 and 2014.SettingDemographic and health surveys and maternal health surveys conducted between 2000 and 2014 in Ghana, Burkina Faso, Nigeria and Zambia.ParticipantsChildren born 5 years preceding the survey in Ghana, Burkina Faso, Nigeria and Zambia.Primary outcome measuresNeonatal and infant mortality rates.ResultsThe Propensity Score Kernel Matching coupled with DID analysis with modified Poisson showed that the FMHCP was associated with a 45% reduction in the risk of neonatal mortality rate in Ghana and Burkina Faso compared with Nigeria and Zambia (adjusted relative risk (aRR)=0.55, 95% CI: 0.40 to 0.76, p<0.001). In addition, infant mortality rate has reduced significantly in both Ghana and Burkina Faso by approximately 54% after full implementation of FMHCP compared with Nigeria and Zambia (aRR=0.46, 95% CI: 0.36 to 0.59, p<0.001).ConclusionThe FMHCP had a significant impact and still remains relevant in achieving Sustainable Development Goal 3 and could provide lessons for other sub-Saharan countries in the design and implementation of a similar policy.
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Bergeron, Richard. "La restructuration de l’habitat au Burkina-Faso : un moyen pour la révolution." I. Politiques d’État et stratégies de survie : l’enjeu du logement, no. 17 (December 18, 2015): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1034367ar.
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Un des moyens d’implanter la révolution au Burkina-Faso (ancienne Haute-Volta) a consisté à restructurer les secteurs d’habitat spontané de la capitale, Ouagadougou, où loge 60 % de la population. Pour résoudre les problèmes d’habitat des couches populaires, le régime burkinabé a misé sur une approche collective au logement, visant à faire émerger une conscience collective de l’habitat. Mais des blocages ont empêché sa stratégie de se réaliser : blocages au point de vue de l’interprétation des objectifs par les résidants, blocages liés à l’ampleur des ressources humaines, techniques et logistiques nécessaires à l’entreprise, mauvaise allocation des ressources, gaspillage. Plus fondamentalement, c’est le projet collectif d’habitat, l’émergence d’une conscience collective de l’habitat, qui risque de ne pouvoir se réaliser : qu’adviendra-t-il de la révolution burkinabé si elle devait échouer sur une composante aussi critique de sa stratégie ?
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Simporè, Jacques, Salvatore Pignatelli, Sergio Barlati, Mariano Malaguarnera, and Salvatore Musumeci. "Plasma homocysteine concentrations in a healthy population living in Burkina Faso." Current Therapeutic Research 61, no. 9 (September 2000): 659–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0011-393x(00)88018-2.
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Kpoda, Hervé B. N., Léon G. B. Savadogo, Daniel Lemogoum, Serge M. A. Somda, Issiaka Sombié, Michel W. Dramaix, and Philippe Donnen. "Stroke among the adult population of Burkina Faso: magnitude and trend." Journal of Xiangya Medicine 4 (April 2019): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/jxym.2019.03.01.
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Tapsoba, Arnaud Stéphane Rayangnéwêndé, Bernadette Yougbaré, Fabiola Gnine Traoré, Félicienne Béré, Dominique Ouédraogo, Bienvenue Lassina Zoma, Moumouni Sanou, et al. "Temporal variation in body measurements in three Taurine cattle populations of Burkina Faso supports introgression of Zebu genes into West African Taurine cattle." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 8 (December 8, 2020): 2782–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i8.11.
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A total of 769 adult females belonging to 3 taurine and one zebu cattle populations sampled in 3 provinces of Burkina Faso were assessed for 19 body measurements during two different years (2014 and 2018). The aim of this research was to identify temporal morphological variation in cattle bred in the humid southern zones to obtain empirical evidence supporting a possible introgression of zebu cattle genes into Gourounsi and Lobi taurine cattle breeds. Zebu cattle samples were used as out-group for both 2014 and 2018 subsets. Least square means of body measurements allowed to classify Burkina Faso taurine cattle into three subgroups according to body size (Gourounsi–Sanguié –GourS-, Gourounsi-Nahouri –GourN- and Lobi from the tallest to the smallest respectively). Principal Component Analysis suggested that in 2014, taurine populations were structured. Dispersion map constructed using the two first factors informed that the GourS population was well separated from both the Lobi and the GourN, which, in turn, overlapped. However, in 2018 a strong signal of homogenization was identified, with GourN partially overlapping the other two populations. Linear Discriminant Analysis suggested that about 20% of both GourS and GourN individuals were reciprocally misclassified. Clues for such increase have been pointed out by MANOVA analysis. Although on 2014, Lobi cattle was clearly smaller than Gourounsi and both GourS and GourN populations showed clear differences on body traits, on 2018 it could be assessed an increase in size in Lobi cattle and a strong homogenization signal within Gourounsi cattle. Zebu cattle gene flow southwards in Burkina Faso is likely to have caused these changes, suggesting a fast erosion of taurine cattle genetic background.
Keywords: Body traits, quantitative traits, Gourounsi cattle, Lobi, Burkina Faso.
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Théophile Balima, Serge. "Medias et Imperialisme Culturel: Le cas du Burkina Faso." Afrika Focus 17, no. 1-2 (February 11, 2001): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2031356x-0170102002.
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Media and Cultural Imperialism in Burkina Faso The various kinds of information released in the press and other media are cultural products that partake in the shaping of citizens' opinions and minds. Radio and television in particular present their audiences in Burkina Faso with various life-styles through diverse entertainment programmes which have grown popular among the urban population. These are fertile fields for cultural imperialism in the country. In the on-going process of internationalization of culture facilitated by the new communication technology, the cultural identity of Africans is increasingly threatened. This phenomenon is the result of adverse political and economic conditions with significant cultural consequences. In the long run, these cultural consequences will lead to the marginalization of Africa on the international scene and its increased dependence on the western powers.
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Sangare, Lassina, Nicolas Meda, Salif Lankoande, Eddy Van Dyck, Michel Cartoux, Issaka Pierre Compaore, Joseph Catraye, Paul Thomas Sanou, and Robert Soudre. "HIV infection among pregnant women in Burkina Faso: a nationwide serosurvey." International Journal of STD & AIDS 8, no. 10 (October 1, 1997): 646–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462971918797.
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To determine the prevalence of HIV infection among pregnant women in Burkina Faso and to identify factors associated with HIV infection in this population, we performed in 4 antenatal clinics in 4 urban centres located in the centre, the north, the east and the south-west of the country cross-sectional serological surveys between 7 October 1994 and 7 February 1995 using unlinked anonymous HIV screening method. In the towns included in the study more than 94% of pregnant women attend at least 2 antenatal consultations. In each centre all pregnant women attending an antenatal consultation during a 2-week period were invited to take part in a study to measure the prevalence of syphilis. Women with positive syphilis serology were offered treatment free of charge. A total of 1294 pregnant women were recruited into the study. There were no refusals. Thirty-two women (2.5%) had positive syphilis serology. The overall seroprevalence of HIV infection was 8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.6-9.6). There was no evidence that the prevalence of syphilis or HIV infection varied between the 4 towns ( P =0.12 and 0.52 respectively). In logistic regression analyses only the presence of syphilis infection was associated with risk of HIV (odds ratio=3.4; 95% CI: 1.4-7.9). The prevalence of syphilis among pregnant women in Burkina Faso is relatively low compared with that of HIV infection. These results suggest that HIV epidemic in Burkina Faso is important and that there is an urgent need to intensify HIVprevention activities. The need for HIV surveillance in this sentinel population is urgent to follow the course of the epidemic and to measure the impact of interventions. One of the consequences of the high prevalence of HIV infection among pregnant women which requires greater attention in Burkina Faso is the increasing number of children who will be infected with HIV by vertical transmission.
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Ouédraogo, Lassané, Dominik Fuchs, Hanno Schaefer, and Martin Kiendrebeogo. "Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides (Rutaceae) from Burkina Faso." Plants 8, no. 9 (September 19, 2019): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8090353.
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Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides is a West African forest tree that is used for example against malaria and sickle cell anemia in Burkina Faso. The goal of this study was to analyze the genetic and morphological diversity of the species within wild populations in Burkina Faso, where it is potentially under threat due to the uncontrolled harvesting of its roots. Seventy-two trees from three different sites in Southwestern Burkina Faso were analyzed. Each tree was characterized by 12 traits specifying the period of flowering and maturity as well as morphological characteristics of the stem, leaves, and seeds. The molecular analysis was performed using two plastid DNA regions (psbA-trnH and trnL-trnF) and two nuclear regions (GBSSI and ITS) to identify the genetic diversity of the species for further development of a management plan for ex situ reproduction and in situ conservation. We found variability in morphological traits correlating with the geographic distance of the study sites. The molecular analysis, in contrast, revealed hardly any genetic variability among the tested trees and no population structure. Whether the differences in morphological traits are caused by different environmental conditions or by genetic variability in genes linked to morphological traits needs further testing. The apparent lack of genetic differentiation suggests that germplasm throughout the study region is suitable for planting in conservation actions. Efficient conservation management should involve local communities, especially those interested in traditional medicine.
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Schumann, Katharina, Rüdiger Wittig, Adjima Thiombiano, Ute Becker, and Karen Hahn. "Uses, management, and population status of the baobab in eastern Burkina Faso." Agroforestry Systems 85, no. 2 (March 15, 2012): 263–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-012-9499-3.
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Zida, Issaka, Souleymane Nacro, Rémy Dabiré, Laura Moquet, Hélène Delatte, and Irénée Somda. "Host range and species diversity of Tephritidae of three plant formations in Western Burkina Faso." Bulletin of Entomological Research 110, no. 6 (June 2, 2020): 732–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485320000243.
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AbstractIn Western Burkina Faso, the host range of fruit flies was evaluated in three plant formations between May 2017 and April 2019. Samples of 61 potential hosts were collected and incubated for fruit fly emergence. Twenty-seven hosts including cultivated and wild fruit were identified. Among cultivated fruit species, mango, and guava were the most infested while high infestation incidences were observed in the fruit of the indigenous plants Vitellaria paradoxa, Annona senegalensis, Sarcocephalus latifolius, and Saba senegalensis. Low infestation rates were observed in Anacardium occidentale, Citrus species, Opilia celtidifolia, and Cissus populnea. The highest infestation index (1648.57 flies kg−1) was observed from V. paradoxa. Eleven new host fruit infested with many fruit fly species are reported in Burkina Faso. A total of 18 fruit fly species were reared; Bactrocera dorsalis (42.94%), Ceratitis cosyra (29.93%), and Ceratitis silvestrii (22.33%) dominated those that emerged. Four fruit fly species have been detected for the first time in Burkina Faso. The main suitable fruit hosts are abundant and available from May through August during the rainy season and become rare and have low infestation from November to April during the dry season. This is the first study of its kind in the region. This study shows that the three plant formations had an impact on population dynamics of the three tephritid species of economic importance in Western Burkina Faso. This information should be integrated into the development of a fruit fly pests management strategy.
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Kirakoya-Samadoulougou, Fati, Seydou Yaro, Paulin Fao, Marie-Christine Defer, François Ilboudo, Youssouf Langani, Nicolas Meda, Annie Robert, and Nicolas Nagot. "Who Is Going for VCT? A Case Study in Urban Burkina Faso." ISRN AIDS 2012 (December 30, 2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/307917.
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Introduction. Voluntary HIV counselling and testing (VCT) is a key element of treatment and is essential for prevention of vertical HIV transmission. Little information is available on the uptake of VCT in Burkina Faso. This study aims to assess the prevalence of VCT in urban Burkina Faso, where the epidemic is still highly concentrated. Methods. We conducted a two-stage clustered population-based survey among 1,694 subjects living in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. After informed consent was obtained, a behavioural questionnaire was administered to participants. Results. Overall, 10.2% of individuals had used VCT, while 9% were women. Among women who had a child after the launch of the programme to prevent mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT), only 10.4% have been tested for HIV. Almost all participants (99.3%) were aware of HIV/AIDS, and 65% knew the main methods of prevention. In multivariate analysis, older age and being married and better educated were independent factors associated with VCT. Conclusions. Despite high public knowledge and awareness about HIV, VCT uptake was still very low and PMTCT coverage was poor. New strategies are required to increase VCT uptake in urban areas, in particular among the youngest age.
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Galat, Gérard, and Anh Galat-Luong. "Hope for the survival of the Critically Endangered white-naped mangabey Cercocebus atys lunulatus: a new primate species for Burkina Faso." Oryx 40, no. 3 (July 2006): 355–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605306000986.
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From 2003 to 2005 we carried out surveys in Burkina Faso to investigate the status of primate taxa. In the south-west near the border with Côte d'Ivoire we discovered sooty mangabey Cercocebus atys, a primate species that had not been previously reported in the country. This population is the subspecies C. a. lunulatus, the white-naped mangabey, one of the 25 most threatened primate taxa. As the subspecies occurs in a gallery forest that is next to a wildlife safari hunting area, we recommend that hunting is prohibited near these forests. The recent creation of the Warigué protected area, linking the Comoé-Léraba Reserved Forest and Partial Wildlife Reserve in Burkina Faso where we observed the subspecies, with the Comoé National Park in Côte d'Ivoire, could make an important contribution to the survival of this, the northernmost population, of the subspecies.
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Traoré, Ousmane. "Measuring the Direct Cost Burden of Illness in Burkina Faso." Research in Applied Economics 10, no. 4 (December 18, 2018): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/rae.v10i4.14078.
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In this article, we evaluate the direct cost burden of illness in Burkina Faso. The methodological approach predicts the normative health expenditure based on the population’s health risk factors and adjusts the income based on people’s asset portfolios, which are supposed to influence their ability to manage shocks, or their vulnerability to shocks like illness. Thus, using the National Institute for Statistics and Demography’s priority surveys database of 1996, our methodology leads to a better information on the distributions of income and health care spending across a subsample of 1022 treated individuals. Subsequently, the average of the direct cost burden of illness is 11.17%, and 50% of the population spend more than 10.52% of their adjusted income on normative health care. Otherwise, there is a difference of 66.84 of percentage points between the highest and lowest cost burdens. Overall, women face higher direct costs burden compared to men. Given the “catastrophic health expenditure” threshold conventionally set at 10% of income, to decrease these financial vulnerabilities and inequalities in Burkina Faso, one solution would be to achieve universal health coverage.
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Issoufou, Sanov. "Le phénomène tontinier au Burkina Faso : étude sur 69 cas." Revue internationale P.M.E. 5, no. 3-4 (February 16, 2012): 153–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1008159ar.
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Dans la plupart des pays africains, une bonne partie des activités socio-économiques se déroule dans le secteur informel et est financée, par conséquent, par des sources de crédit non officielles (usure, tontine, etc.). La présente étude de cas porte sur la tontine qui est une pratique courante en milieu rural et surtout urbain où le taux de monétarisation est relativement plus important. Ces structures apparaissent aujourd’hui indispensables eu égard à leur contribution dans la mobilisation de l'épargne et la distribution de crédit pour les couches à revenus modestes. Elles suscitent des espoirs réels dans une société où les structures financières modernes répondent encore imparfaitement aux besoins de la grande majorité de la population.
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Bassan, M., M. Mbéguéré, T. Tchonda, F. Zabsonre, and L. Strande. "Integrated faecal sludge management scheme for the cities of Burkina Faso." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 3, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 216–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2013.156.
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The National Utility for Water and Sanitation in Burkina Faso (ONEA) has recognized the difficulty in providing sewered sanitation to the entire urban population and has opted for a strategy involving onsite sanitation. Most of the country's population is served by onsite systems that generate large amounts of faecal sludge, and are responsible for a high prevalence of water-borne diseases. ONEA and the Department of Water and Sanitation in Developing Countries (Sandec) at the Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag) have a collaborative project that aims to establish an enabling environment for the development of the faecal sludge sector at the institutional and technical level. The project's participatory process has allowed the design of a treatment plant adapted to local conditions, and the elaboration of the first institutional framework for faecal sludge management including several new official documents. Several technical studies filled knowledge gaps of faecal sludge characterization, and the feasibility of implementing planted drying beds. Lessons learned are transferable nationally and internationally.
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Tao, Issoufou, Tegwindé R. Compaoré, Birama Diarra, Florencia Djigma, Theodora M. Zohoncon, Maléki Assih, Djeneba Ouermi, Virginio Pietra, Simplice D. Karou, and Jacques Simpore. "Seroepidemiology of Hepatitis B and C Viruses in the General Population of Burkina Faso." Hepatitis Research and Treatment 2014 (August 5, 2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/781843.
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Objectives. In Burkina Faso, few studies reported the prevalence of HBV and HCV in the general population. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses in the general population and to determine the most affected groups in relation to the risk factors associated with the infection. Method. A voluntary testing opened to anyone interested was held at Saint Camille Medical Centre in Ouagadougou. Rapid tests were carried out on 995 persons who voluntarily answered a range of questions before the venous blood sampling. Results. The results revealed that the antigen HBs carriers in the general population represented 14.47% (144/995) and the prevalence of HCV was 1.00% (10/995). The difference between HBV’s prevalence in men (18.58%) and that in women (11.60%) was statistically significant (P = 0.002). The most affected groups were undergraduated students (19.57%) and persons working in the informal sector (15.98%). The least affected group was high level students (8.82%). Conclusion. Burkina Faso is a country with a high prevalence of HBV, while the incidence of HCV is still low in the general population. Therefore, more campaigns on the transmission routes of HBV and HCV are needed to reduce the spread of these viruses in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Zombre, C., P. Sankara, S. L. Ouédraogo, I. Wonni, K. Boyer, C. Boyer, M. Terville, et al. "Natural Infection of Cashew (Anacardium occidentale) by Xanthomonas citri pv. mangiferaeindicae in Burkina Faso." Plant Disease 100, no. 4 (April 2016): 718–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-10-15-1137-re.
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Xanthomonas citri pv. mangiferaeindicae is the causal agent of bacterial canker of mango (Mangifera indica, Anacardiaceae), a disease of international importance. Since the original description of the bacterium in the 1940s, the status of cashew (Anacardium occidentale, Anacardiaceae) as a host species has been unclear. Here, we report the first outbreak of a cashew bacterial disease in Burkina Faso (Western Africa) where X. citri pv. mangiferaeindicae recently emerged on mango. A comprehensive molecular characterization, based on multilocus sequence analysis, supplemented with pathogenicity assays of isolates obtained during the outbreak, indicated that the causal agent on cashew in Burkina Faso is X. citri pv. mangiferaeindicae and not X. citri pv. anacardii, which was previously reported as the causal agent of a cashew bacterial leaf spot in Brazil. Pathogenicity data supported by population biology in Burkina Faso suggest a lack of host specialization. Therefore, the inoculum from each crop is potentially harmful to both host species. Symptoms induced on cashew leaves and fruit by X. citri pv. mangiferaeindicae and nonpigmented strains of X. citri pv. anacardii are similar, although the causative bacteria are genetically different. Thus, xanthomonads pathogenic on cashew may represent a new example of pathological convergence in this bacterial genus.
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Brinkmann, Ben, Collin F. Payne, Iliana Kohler, Guy Harling, Justine Davies, Miles Witham, Mark J. Siedner, et al. "Depressive symptoms and cardiovascular disease: a population-based study of older adults in rural Burkina Faso." BMJ Open 10, no. 12 (December 2020): e038199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038199.
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ObjectivesTo contribute to the current understanding of depressive disorders in sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries by examining the association of depressive symptoms with cardiovascular and cardiometabolic conditions in a population-based study of middle-aged and older adults in rural Burkina Faso.SettingThis study was conducted in the Nouna Health and Demographic Surveillance System in north-western Burkina Faso, in a mixed rural and small-town environment. The data were obtained between May and July 2018.ParticipantsConsenting adults over 40 years of age (n=3026).Primary and secondary outcome measuresDepressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire depression module (PHQ-9). Chronic cardiometabolic conditions were assessed via a lipid panel and glycated haemoglobin measures from serum, alongside anthropometry and blood pressure measurements and a self-reported questionnaire. Multivariable linear regression was used to test the relationship between depressive symptoms and cardiovascular/cardiometabolic conditions after controlling for sociodemographic factors.ResultsDepressive symptoms were not associated with the metabolic syndrome (standardised beta coefficient=0.00 (95% CI −0.04 to 0.03)), hypertension (beta=0.01 (95% CI −0.02 to 0.05)), diabetes mellitus (beta=0.00 (95% CI −0.04 to 0.04)) and past diagnosis of elevated blood pressure or blood sugar. Prior stroke diagnosis (beta=0.04 (95% CI 0.01 to 0.07)) or heart disease (beta=0.08 (95% CI 0.05 to 0.11)) was positively associated with the standardised PHQ-9 score as were self-reported stroke symptoms.ConclusionObjectively measured cardiometabolic conditions had no significant association with depressive symptoms in an older, poor, rural SSA population, in contrast to observations in high income countries. However, consequences of cardiovascular disease such as stroke and heart attack were associated with depressive symptoms in older adults in Burkina Faso.
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Fortunato, Simona, Barbara Castagna, Maria Rita Monteleone, Raffaela Pierro, Giuseppe Cringoli, and Fabrizio Bruschi. "Parasite prevalence in a village in Burkina Faso: the contribution of new techniques." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 8, no. 05 (May 14, 2014): 670–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.3660.
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Introduction: Parasites are a major public health problem in developing countries. A coproparasitological and immunoparasitological study was conducted in Burkina Faso, in the rural village of Touguri, in November and December 2011. The coproparasitologic analysis was conducted in the pediatric population and seroprevalence surveys were conducted in the adult population to research intestinal, blood, and helminth parasites. Methodology: The coproparasitologic study was performed on stool samples using two diagnostic methods – standard microscopy and the FLOTAC technique. The total of 49 stool samples analyzed were obtained from children between two months and eleven years of age. The serology study was carried out to evaluate the prevalence of P. falciparum, Echinococcus spp., Tenia solium, and A. lumbricoides using different immunological techniques such as ELISA and Western Blot techniques. The study population included 85 adult patients between 15 and 70 years of age. Results: Results of coproparasitological analyses showed Hymenolepis nana as the only helminth found, in 28.6% of the total number of patients. Results of serological evaluation revealed a practically null prevalence of Echinococcus, Taenia solium, and Ascaris lumbricoides, and a 77.64% prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum. Conclusions: Despite the small number (especially in terms of coprological samples) of individuals examined, this study showed that the parasite prevalence in a rural area of Burkina Faso has a significant impact in the general population, particularly in children. Another finding was that FLOTAC had a higher sensitivity than the widely used ethyl ether-based concentration technique for coprological sample analysis.
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Chin-Quee, Dawn S., Kathleen Ridgeway, Yentéma Onadja, Georges Guiella, Guy Martial Bai, Claire Brennan, and Georgina Page. "Evaluation of a pilot program for task sharing short and long-acting contraceptive methods in Burkina Faso." Gates Open Research 3 (June 25, 2019): 1499. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.13009.1.
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Background: The Family Health Directorate of the Ministry of Health (MoH/FHD) and Marie Stopes Burkina Faso (MS BF), with implementing partners, Association Burkinabé pour le Bien-être Familial (ABBEF) and Equilibres & Populations (Equipop) collaborated to conduct a pilot project in Burkina Faso focused on “increasing access to family planning (FP) services through task-sharing short- and long-acting family planning methods to primary care cadres.” Four cadres of providers were trained to provide intrauterine devices (IUDs) and implants, while community health workers (CHWs) were trained to provide pills and subcutaneous injectables. FHI 360 and the Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Population (ISSP) evaluated the project’s impact on method uptake, client satisfaction, safety, acceptability and the feasibility of task sharing. Methods: The evaluation employed service statistics, client exit interviews (quantitative) and in-depth interviews (qualitative). New FP clients, community representatives, MoH officials, and pilot project-trained FP providers from Dandé and Tougan districts participated in these interviews. Results: Providers, community representatives and government officials all spoke favorably of the pilot project and considered it a boon to women and the communities in which they lived. FP clients were satisfied with their methods and the services they received from their respective providers, and they reported no safety concerns. However, service statistics did not show a clear and steady increase in method uptake for the four methods beyond spikes coinciding with pre-existing free contraceptive weeks. Conclusions: Results of the evaluation were largely positive. These evaluation findings are being used to guide decisions about scale-up.
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Chin-Quee, Dawn S., Kathleen Ridgeway, Yentéma Onadja, Georges Guiella, Guy Martial Bai, Claire Brennan, and Georgina Page. "Evaluation of a pilot program for task sharing short and long-acting contraceptive methods in Burkina Faso." Gates Open Research 3 (February 11, 2020): 1499. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.13009.2.
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Background: The Family Health Directorate of the Ministry of Health and Marie Stopes Burkina Faso, with implementing partners, Association Burkinabè pour le Bien-être Familial and Equilibres & Populations collaboratively conducted a pilot project in Burkina Faso focused on “increasing access to family planning (FP) services through task-sharing short- and long-acting family planning methods to primary care cadres.” Four cadres of providers provided intrauterine devices (IUDs) and implants, while community health workers (CHWs) provided pills and subcutaneous injectables. FHI 360 and the Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Population evaluated the project’s impact on method uptake, client satisfaction, safety, acceptability and the feasibility of task sharing. Methods: The evaluation employed FP service statistics on new users and conducted 425 client exit interviews and 27 in-depth interviews . New FP clients, community representatives, MoH officials, and pilot project-trained FP providers from Dandé and Tougan districts participated in these interviews. Results: Providers, community representatives and government officials all spoke favorably of the pilot project and considered it a boon to women and the communities in which they lived. FP clients were satisfied with their methods and the services they received from their respective providers, and they reported no safety concerns. However, service statistics did not show a clear and steady increase in method uptake for the four methods beyond spikes coinciding with pre-existing free contraceptive weeks. Conclusions: A scale-up plan for 2020-2022 is in place and will purposefully implement sensitization and demand generation activities to improve FP uptake beyond free contraceptive weeks.
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Patrice, TOE, LAMIEN Niéyidouba, COULIBALY/LINGANI Pascaline, and DAO Alassane. "Demande en bois-énergie et rentabilité économique de la préparation de la bière locale et du beurre de karité au Burkina Faso." Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences 42.3 (December 31, 2019): 7303–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/janmplsci.v42-3.3.
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L’énergie est un facteur déterminant dans la préparation de la bière locale (BL) et du beurre de karité (BK) au Burkina Faso. Compte tenu du pouvoir d’achat limité, les ménages ruraux, qui ont un faible taux d’accès aux énergies modernes, se rabattent généralement sur le bois-énergie pour satisfaire leurs besoins en énergie. A l’instar des autres pays africains, le Burkina Faso est aujourd’hui confronté au phénomène d’accroissement démographique qui augmente constamment la demande en bois-énergie. Il s’en suit inéluctablement une dégradation accrue des ressources forestières pourvoyeuses de bois-énergie. La présente étude a été entreprise pour mesurer la demande en bois-énergie de deux activités majeures des femmes que sont la préparation de la BL et du BK et leur rentabilité économique au Burkina Faso. La méthode a consisté à quantifier le bois utilisé pour la cuisson de la BL et du BK et interviewer les femmes productrices de ces denrées sur la rentabilité économique de leurs activités commerciales. L’interview a concerné 92 femmes soit 30% (47 préparatrices de bière locale et 45 préparatrices de beurre de karité). La quantification du bois à travers un suivi a été faite auprès de 12 productrices de BL et 12 de BK dans 4 villages du Burkina Faso. L’analyse des résultats révèle que ces activités commerciales des femmes ont nécessité 1,49 kg de bois par litre de BL préparé et 4,5 kg de bois par kilo de BK préparé. Le revenu net moyen de la vente de BL est 11 408 ± 1 240 FCFA par opération de cuisson tandis que celui du BK est de 2 682 ± 581 FCFA par opération de cuisson. On en conclue que les deux activités économiques aboutissent à un revenu net positif qui témoigne d’une rentabilité financière pour les femmes qui s’y adonnent. ABSTRACT Energy is a key factor in the preparation of the local beer (BL) and shea butter (BK) in Burkina Faso. Given the limited purchasing power, rural households, which have a low access rate to modern energy, generally rely on wood energy to meet their energy needs. Like other African countries, Burkina Faso is now facing the phenomenon of population growth, which is constantly increasing the demand for wood energy. This inevitably leads to increased degradation of the forest resources that provide energy woods. This study was undertaken to measure the demand for wood energy from two major women's activities: the preparation of the local beer (BL) and shea butter (BK) and their economic profitability in Burkina Faso. The method consisted in quantifying the wood used to cook the local beer (BL) and the shea better (BK) and interviewing women who produce these commodities on the economic profitability of their commercial activities. The interview concerned 92 women, i.e. 30% (48 local beer preparers and 45 shea butter preparers. Wood quantification through follow up was carried out with 12 women producers of local beer (BL) and 12 of shea butter (BK) in 4 villages in Burkina Faso. Analysis of the results reveals that these women's commercial activities required 1.49 kg of wood per litre of prepared local beer (BL) and 4.5 kg of wood per kilogram of prepared shea butter. The average net income from the sale of BL is 11,408 ± 1,240 CFAF (22.81 ±2.48 USD) per unit of cooking while the average net income from the sale of shea butter is 2,682 ± 581 CFAF per unit (5.36 ± 1.16 USD) of cooking. It is concluded that both economic activities result in positive net income that reflects a financial return for the women who add to them.
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Damiba, Théophane E., and Ernest D. Ables. "Promising future for an elephant population – a case study in Burkina Faso, West Africa." Oryx 27, no. 2 (April 1993): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605300020627.
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Nazinga Game Ranch, which was established in 1979 in Burkina Faso and is the only one of its kind in the country, has achieved much success in reconciling wildlife conservation with the needs of local people. The ranch provides a refuge for elephants escaping harassment elsewhere but this creates problems for local people whose crops suffer elephant damage. Despite the problems, many villagers welcome the proximity of the ranch and its elephants and, while there are still problems to be solved – and funds needed to help solve them – the ranch is an excellent model for conservation action.
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Eric, Somé Nagaonlé, Boncoungou Justine, and Noël Poda Jean. "Prevalence of the Infertility Among Couples in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso): a Population-based Survey." Open Public Health Journal 9, no. 1 (November 10, 2016): 88–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874944501609010088.
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Background: Worldwide, 10 to 15% of couples are infertile. In Burkina Faso, there has never been a population-based prevalence study regarding infertility. Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of infertility in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study with prospective data collection on 480 households from March to May 2014 in Ouagadougou. In each household, both the men and the women of childbearing-age were interviewed by an investigator using a questionnaire. The main outcome was infertile men or women living in Ouagadougou. Results: The participant-reported infertility prevalence was 9.3% (95% CI: 7.0; 12.2) and 10.4% (95% CI: 7.9; 13.5) for men and women, respectively. The primary and secondary infertility prevalence rates were 4.8% (95% CI: 3.2; 7.2) and 4.4% (95% CI: 2.9; 6.7) respectively for men and 6.8% (95% CI: 4.8; 9.4) and 3.6% (95% CI: 2.2; 5.7) for women. Considering only infertile participants, primary infertility concerned 52.3% (95% CI: 37.2; 67.0) and 65.3% (95% CI: 50.6; 77.6) of men and women respectively. The medically-diagnosed infertility prevalence was 2.9% (95% CI: 1.7; 4.9) in both men and women groups. The male and female-related infertility represented 35.7% (95% CI: 13.7; 66.0) and 42.9% (95% CI: 18.3; 71.6) of the cases respectively and the dual-factor-related infertility 21.4% (95% CI: 5.9; 54.0). Conclusion: Though lower than the global and Sub-Sahara African region’s prevalence, the infertility prevalence in Ouagadougou was still high. Compared to previous data in the same country, we saw a shift from predominant secondary infertility to predominant primary one. Infections remained the leading cause of infertility.
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Ouédraogo, Samiratou, Valéry Ridde, Nicole Atchessi, Aurélia Souares, Jean-Louis Koulidiati, Quentin Stoeffler, and Maria-Victoria Zunzunegui. "Characterisation of the rural indigent population in Burkina Faso: a screening tool for setting priority healthcare services in sub-Saharan Africa." BMJ Open 7, no. 10 (October 2017): e013405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013405.
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BackgroundIn Africa, health research on indigent people has focused on how to target them for services, but little research has been conducted to identify the social groups that compose indigence. Our aim was to identify what makes someone indigent beyond being recognised by the community as needing a card for free healthcare.MethodsWe used data from a survey conducted to evaluate a state-led intervention for performance-based financing of health services in two districts of Burkina Faso. In 2015, we analysed data of 1783 non-indigents and 829 people defined as indigents by their community in 21 villages following community-based targeting processes. Using a classification tree, we built a model to select socioeconomic and health characteristics that were likely to distinguish between non-indigents and indigents. We described the screening performance of the tree using data from specific nodes.ResultsWidow(er)s under 45 years of age, unmarried people aged 45 years and over, and married women aged 60 years and over were more likely to be identified as indigents by their community. Simple rules based on age, marital status and gender detected indigents with sensitivity of 75.6% and specificity of 55% among those 45 years and over; among those under 45, sensitivity was 85.5% and specificity 92.2%. For both tests combined, sensitivity was 78% and specificity 81%.ConclusionIn moving towards universal health coverage, Burkina Faso should extend free access to priority healthcare services to widow(er)s under 45, unmarried people aged 45 years and over, and married women aged 60 years and over, and services should be adapted to their health needs.Ethics considerationsThe collection, storage and release of data for research purposes were authorised by a government ethics committee in Burkina Faso (Decision No. 2013-7-066). Respondent consent was obtained verbally.
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Samuelsen, Helle. "Accelerated fragility: exploring the supply–demand nexus in health facilities in rural Burkina Faso." Africa 90, no. 5 (November 2020): 934–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972020000662.
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AbstractIn Burkina Faso, political turmoil, escalating insecurity and a looming pandemic challenge the population's trust in the state. This article contributes to the debates about state–citizen relationships in fragile countries by connecting local health-seeking practices with the global trends of datafication and a strong focus on the fight against malaria in this part of Africa. Drawing on long-term research engagement in Burkina Faso, I examine the health-seeking practices of rural citizens and look into diagnostic routines and reporting in two rural dispensaries. I show how the routinization of diagnostic procedures combined with a strong national and global political focus on the fight against malaria create what I term a ‘supply–demand nexus’ in which rural citizens selectively ask for the health services that they know the system can supply. I argue that the routinized diagnostic practices that mainly focus on malaria serve as a ‘technology of invisibility’ by not capturing other important diseases among the rural population. Finally, I ask whether the limited healthcare services in the current context of political insecurity, instability and a global pandemic spur a process of further fragilization of the social contract between rural citizens and the state.
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Doudou, Maimouna Halidou, Ousmane Ouedraogo, Bertine Ouaro, Nicolas Bidault, and Kristina Reinhardt. "Mapping Nutrition Interventions, a Key Analytical Tool for Informing the Multisectoral Planning Process: Example From Burkina Faso." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 39, no. 3 (September 2018): 449–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0379572118782881.
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Background: The government of Burkina Faso, along with the United Nations Network for Nutrition (UNN), activity REACH (Renewed Efforts Against Child Hunger and undernutrition) partnership, conducted a mapping of nutrition interventions and stakeholders to identify the best approaches for scaling up priority nutrition interventions and to strengthen a multisectoral response to fight malnutrition. Objective: The objectives include describing the process used to map a set of country-prioritized nutrition interventions and to describe how the results contributed to the multisectoral nutrition planning process in Burkina Faso. Methods: The mapping exercise was designed as a cross-sectional study using the Excel-based Scaling Up Nutrition Planning and Monitoring Tool (SUN PMT) to collect, store, and analyze data. Results: The results present different analyses produced by the SUN PMT for 29 prioritized nutrition interventions. The analyses include the distribution of nutrition stakeholders for each intervention, the calculation of geographic and population coverage for each intervention, and the utilization of delivery mechanisms to reach beneficiaries. Conclusions: The mapping of key nutrition interventions and stakeholders supporting those interventions in Burkina Faso was an important tool in the multisectoral planning process. The exercise made it possible to identify gaps and needs; launch a discussion on nutrition planning and the scaling up of interventions; and mobilize sectors and development partners around nutrition.
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Drabo, Seydou. "Beyond ‘Family Planning’—Local Realities on Contraception and Abortion in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso." Social Sciences 9, no. 11 (November 19, 2020): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci9110212.
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Family planning has long been promoted within international health efforts because of its potential benefits for controlling population growth, reducing poverty and maternal and child mortality, empowering women, and enhancing environmental sustainability. In Burkina Faso, the government and donor partners share a commitment to ‘family planning’, notably by increasing the low uptake of ‘modern’ contraceptive methods in the general population and reducing recourse to induced abortion, which remains legally restricted. This paper presents ethnographic findings that show the complexity of family planning within the social context of women’s lives and care-seeking trajectories. It draws on participant observation in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso’s capital, and interviews with women with a wide range of reproductive experiences and providers of family planning services. First, the paper shows that women’s use of contraceptive methods and abortion is embedded in the wider social dilemmas relating to marriage, sexuality, and gendered relationships. Second, it shows that women use contraceptives to meet a variety of needs other than those promoted in public health policies. Thus, while women’s use of contraceptive methods is often equated with family planning within public health research and health policy discourse, the uses women make of them imbue them with other meanings related to social, spiritual, or aesthetic goals.
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Fogné, Drabo Samuel, Coulibaly Y. Ahmed, Romba Rahim, Balboné Mahamoudou, and Gnankiné Olivier. "Biochemical resistance to insecticide in Bemisia tabaci field population from Burkina Faso, West Africa." Phytoparasitica 47, no. 5 (November 2019): 671–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12600-019-00765-8.
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Ouedraogo, I., M. Tigabu, P. Savadogo, H. Compaoré, P. C. Odén, and J. M. Ouadba. "Land cover change and its relation with population dynamics in Burkina Faso, West Africa." Land Degradation & Development 21, no. 5 (March 17, 2010): 453–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ldr.981.
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Markianos, Kyriacos, Emmanuel Bischoff, Christian Mitri, Wamdaogo M. Guelbeogo, Awa Gneme, Karin Eiglmeier, Inge Holm, N’Fale Sagnon, Kenneth D. Vernick, and Michelle M. Riehle. "Genetic Structure of a Local Population of the Anopheles gambiae Complex in Burkina Faso." PLOS ONE 11, no. 1 (January 5, 2016): e0145308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0145308.
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Nebie, Elisabeth Kago, and Colin Thor West. "Migration and Land-Use and Land-Cover Change in Burkina Faso: a comparative case study." Journal of Political Ecology 26, no. 1 (November 25, 2019): 614. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v26i1.23070.
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<p>In the Sahelian country of Burkina Faso, West Africa, population pressure, poor resource management, and reduced rainfall have exacerbated land degradation. A rapidly growing population coupled with high rates of internal rural migration and thirty years of desiccation have resulted in profound land-use/land-cover change (LULCC) throughout the country. In the Central Plateau and northern regions of Burkina Faso, land degradation has historically stimulated large-scale out-migration toward more fertile areas in the south. While some northern provinces are being rehabilitated by Soil and Water Conservation (SWC) projects, southern provinces, considered more "pristine", have been neglected. In recent decades, researchers have attributed the initiation of land degradation processes in southern regions to this influx of migrants from the north. This study presents an empirical controlled case study between two provinces to better understand the dynamics of migration and LULC. One province, Bam Province in the north, has long been a zone of departure while Sissili Province in the south has long been a destination zone. Using a regional political ecology framework, we integrate a time series of LULCC data with demographic census data and local narratives to compare migration and LULCC trends in Bam and Sissili from 1975 to 2013. We find that in-migration correlates with substantial and dramatic LULCC while out-migration is associated with only moderate LULCC. This controlled comparison also suggests that local land-use/land-cover change and migration dynamically interact. As environmental conditions in Bam improve and Sissili deteriorate, long-term trends of either out- or in-migration for either province stabilize, and can even become reversed.</p><p><strong>Key Words</strong>: Burkina Faso, LULCC, migration, regional political ecology</p>
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Hema, Emmanuel M., Valy Ouattara, Gnoumou Parfait, Massimiliano Di Vittorio, Djidama Sirima, Daniele Dendi, Wendengoudi Guenda, Fabio Petrozzi, and Luca Luiselli. "Bushmeat consumption in the West African Sahel of Burkina Faso, and the decline of some consumed species." Oryx 53, no. 1 (April 10, 2017): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605316001721.
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AbstractTo explore the patterns of bushmeat trade in the Sahel we carried out a multidisciplinary study, focusing on Burkina Faso. We conducted baseline interview surveys to examine the variation in people's perceptions of bushmeat in relation to their place of residence (urban vs rural), sex and age. We also analysed the long-term (1985–2010) population dynamics of two ungulate species, the oribi Ourebia ourebi and the common duiker Sylvicapra grimmia, known to be among the main targets of the bushmeat trade locally. For the antelopes we chose as our study area a protected area (Nazinga Game Ranch) where poaching activities occur and are likely to represent a threat to the local wildlife. The results of the interviews underlined significant differences in bushmeat consumption between rural and urban areas. In particular, the probability of finding people who did not consume bushmeat increased in the urban area, where bushmeat is less available than in the rural areas. Sex and age did not have any effect on people's perceptions of bushmeat. In Burkina Faso bushmeat is still widely consumed, and this could be because the bushmeat trade is poorly controlled, with a lack of enforcement of the legislation. Long-term field surveys revealed that the oribi and the common duiker have declined significantly in Nazinga Game Ranch, suggesting that the bushmeat trade in Burkina Faso may have negative consequences in terms of the conservation outlook for these species.
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Carle, Juliette, and Doris Bonnet. "Identité et question des origines dans l’abandon d’enfants au Burkina Faso." Anthropologie et Sociétés 33, no. 1 (August 19, 2009): 141–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/037817ar.
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Résumé Identité et question des origines dans l’abandon d’enfants au Burkina Faso À travers l’étude de situations d’abandon d’enfants « sans père » ou nés de relations dites incestueuses au sein de la population moaga, nous tenterons d’éclairer les représentations identitaires qui entourent ces enfants. La responsabilité qu’a une femme d’un enfant conçu dans le cadre d’une relation prohibée semble se limiter à l’accouchement, tandis que l’homme se voit interdire l’accès à la paternité sociale. Les récits des mères d’enfants « sans père » témoignent par ailleurs de leur impossibilité de conférer à l’enfant une autre identité que celle de bâtard. L’enfant abandonné est assimilé, dans un imaginaire social relativement universel, à un enfant « trouvé ». Ce thème de l’enfant privé d’attache favorise l’absence d’informations sur la filiation originelle de l’enfant. Or, les services sociaux connaissent, bien souvent, les motifs d’abandon et même les noms des parents géniteurs, notamment parce que le consentement de la mère est exigé pour réaliser une adoption plénière. Par ailleurs, si nombre de parents adoptants sont réticents à connaître la parenté d’origine des enfants, beaucoup valorisent le lieu d’origine de l’enfant, son appartenance ethnique ou nationale, une culture, traits sociaux envisagés comme constituant les « racines » de l’enfant.
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Engels, Bettina. "Peasant Resistance in Burkina Faso's Cotton Sector." International Review of Social History 66, S29 (March 9, 2021): 93–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859021000122.
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AbstractThis article examines how and why smallholder peasants mobilize for collective action to put forward their claims. Taking the resistance by cotton farmers in Burkina Faso as a case study, it demonstrates that institutions of neoliberal governance – which are presented by their proponents as making governance more “effective” by improving the participation of various public and private stakeholders in different degrees – nevertheless fail to represent the interests of the large population of agrarian poor. In the 2010s, the cotton sector in Burkina Faso became a field of contention, with smallholder cotton producers mobilizing on a massive scale to take collective action. It is argued that the mobilization of cotton farmers can be explained through the effects of the sector's liberalization. Economic liberalization, which has been promoted by the World Bank since the mid-1990s, has changed the institutional setting of the sector and has significantly impacted the ways and means of collective claim-making available to farmers. Building on primary data (qualitative interviews, focus group discussions, observations) collected during several months of field research between 2018 and 2020, and analyses of press reports and a variety of documents, recent protests by cotton farmers are examined and related to these liberalization policies.
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Mateille, Thierry, Bouma Thio, Yanougo Konate, Abdoussalam Sawadogo, and Mamadou Diop. "Incidence de quelques facteurs agronomiques sur les populations de Meloidogyne spp. et leurs principaux organismes parasites en culture maraîchère sahélienne." Nematology 2, no. 8 (2000): 895–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854100750112842.
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AbstractDes prospections nématologiques ont été réalisées dans les régions de production maraîchère de deux pays sahéliens, le Burkina Faso et le Sénégal. Des analyses de correspondances entre quelques facteurs agronomiques et les populations de Meloidogyne spp. ont montré que les niveaux des populations telluriques et racinaires n'étaient pas exclusivement liées à la sensibilité des cultures maraîchères en place, mais dépendaient aussi des précédents culturaux ou des agrosystèmes (terres inondées ou exondées) qui prévalent dans ces régions. En outre, la présence de micro-organismes parasites des nématodes (champignons nématophages et Pasteuria penetrans) dans les agrosystèmes de terres exondées, permet d'envisager l'intégration de méthodes de contrôle biologique à l'aide d'hyperparasites indigènes aux méthodes de lutte culturale. Impact of agronomic factors on Meloidogyne spp. populations and their most common parasites in Sahelian vegetable cropping systems - Nematode surveys were carried out in vegetable producing areas in two Sahelian countries, Burkina Faso and Senegal. Correspondence analysis between agronomical factors and populations of Meloidogyne spp. revealed that vegetable susceptibility to nematodes was not the only factor responsible for soil and root infestations. Population densities would more readily depend on cropping systems (previous crops, often flooded lowlands vs well drained uplands). Natural occurrence of nematode-parasitic microorganisms (nematophagous fungi and Pasteuria penetrans) in upland agrosystems was observed and could be used together with cultural practices in an IPM approach.
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Traoré, Salifou, Jeanne Millogo Rasolodimby, Lamourdia Thiombiano, and Sita Guinko. "Impact of Protected Areas and Land Use on Regeneration of Acacia Woodland’s in Eastern Burkina Faso." Flora et Vegetatio Sudano-Sambesica 11 (January 1, 2008): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/fvss.11.3.
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Regeneration success, persistence strategies (seedlings vs. coppicing), and population trend of Acacia spp. were tested under two land-use regimes in eastern Burkina Faso: (i) protected areas shielded to livestock grazing pressure, to logging, and using early annual fire as a management system; (ii) areas with high human impact (heavily and extensive livestock grazing, harvesting for wood and for medicinal plants). Generally, a good regeneration rate of Acacia species was observed in protected areas and a poor regeneration rate in areas with high human impact. Nevertheless, some species affiliated to the subgenus Aculeiferum as A. dudgeoni and A. polyacantha showed a good regeneration under both land use regimes. Juvenile plants less than 25 cm height of A. dudgeoni and A. gourmaensis increased by 116 to 50 % in areas with human impact as compared to their populations in protected areas. With SCD slopes varying from –0.40 to -0.70, the protected Acacia woodland displayed a stable population structure due to abundance of recruitment, and coppicing persistence (more common in the subgenus Aculeiferum) favoured by early annual fire. Consequently, the protected areas are favourable for Acacia woodland regeneration. Conversely, SCD slopes are positive or close to zero in areas of anthropogenic regime and showed a declining population, especially more marked with the subgenus Acacia due to permanent seed and seedling removal by livestock grazing. Nevertheless, the number of seedlings of some species was higher in areas under human pressure than in protected areas, especially for the subgenus Aculeiferum, improving the genetic variability and thus the long-term maintenance of the population
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Hien, E., W. T. Kabore, D. Masse, and P. Dugue. "Sustainable Farming Systems in the Sub-Sahelian Zone of Burkina Faso -." Sustentabilidade em Debate 1, no. 2 (December 22, 2010): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.18472/sustdeb.v1n2.2010.1686.
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Rapid population growth and climatic change threatens the sustainability of natural resources. Farming practices can mitigate environmental change and degradation. The aim of this research conducted in Yatenga region was to describe and to analyse manure practices management. In 2005, a survey was carried out to assess the evolution of farming practices. A survey was initially conducted with a sample of 44 farmers, selected randomly in the three neighbouring villages. Subsequently, 18 farms were selected for in-depth interviews. The grain yield was measured and the different practices of soil and water conservation developed by farmers were compared. According to the enquiries, two practices, called “zaï” and “djengo”, were largely used in cereals production. The “zaï” practice, known as a traditional technique for restoration of degraded soil, is characterized by the capture of runoff by micro-watersheds and a localized organic matter supply at the soil-plant system scale. The “djengo” practice is based on the same principle of the “zaï” practice but was applied on the sandy soil as traditionally “zaï” concerned the degraded and crusty soils. The two practices could increase grain crop production but moreover could limit the risk of crops failure. In addition, our observations also showed that frequent tree regenerations occurred in plots and watersheds where “zaï” or “djengo” practices were used. This study highlights the necessity of better controlling soil, water and organic matter to improve agrosystem sustainability in sub Saharan Africa.
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Ouédraogo, Dominique, Salifou Ouédraogo‐Koné, Bernadette Yougbaré, Albert Soudré, Bienvenue Zoma‐Traoré, Gábor Mészáros, Negar Khayatzadeh, et al. "Population structure, inbreeding and admixture in local cattle populations managed by community‐based breeding programs in Burkina Faso." Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics 138, no. 3 (February 20, 2021): 379–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jbg.12529.
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Alia, Didier Yélognissè, Nicolas Ponty, and Ignace Kamga Tchwaket. "Altruism or exchange: what motives inter-household transfers in Burkina Faso?" International Journal of Social Economics 44, no. 12 (December 4, 2017): 2257–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-03-2016-0097.
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Purpose The economic literature identifies two families of motives for private transfers: altruism and exchange. Altruistic models postulates that transfers are unselfish assistance to vulnerable and poor households. Exchange models, however, explain transfers as temporary assistance to households with the expectation of being paid back. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the motives of inter-households transfers in Burkina Faso and identify which model better explains observed transfers’ decisions. The findings can be useful to provide a information on the profile of households receiving and donating transfers and a better understanding of their roles in local communities. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses a nationally representative household survey in Burkina Faso that collects detailed information on inter-household transfers. It combines descriptive analysis with various econometric models to identify the type of behavior that better explain the receipt and donation of private transfers. To account for the non randomness of the receipt and donation of transfers in the population, the study estimates a Heckman model to address selection bias. Findings Preliminary analyses suggest that one-third of households have participated in transfers’ exchange, either as recipients or donors with the amount received or given representing a substantial share of household income or expenditure. The econometric analyses show that the primary driver of the receipt of transfers is households’ degree of vulnerability. This result indicates that altruism is the underlying model explaining the receipt of transfers. However, the authors also find that affluent households tend to give and receive larger amounts of money suggesting that some elements of exchange are also at play. Originality/value The analysis contributes to a large and growing literature on migration, transfers, and remittances in developing countries. It provides insights into the motives of these non-market transactions in the specific context of Burkina Faso, a developing country, where migration and transfers have been historically important social behaviors. The analysis makes an effort to address the potential bias resulting from households’ self-selection into the donation or receipt of transfer. The findings shed additional light on the double role of transfer as a safety net for the vulnerable and social insurance for the non-poor.
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Nianogo, A. J., R. Sanfo, S. D. Kondombo, and S. B. Neya. "LE POINT SUR LES RESSOURCES GENETIQUES EN MATIERE D'ELEVAGE AU BURKINA FASO." Animal Genetic Resources Information 17 (April 1996): 11–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1014233900000559.
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RESUMELe Burkina Faso, avec plus de 11 millions de petits ruminants et près de 4 millions de bovins 2 (MAE, 1990) pour un territoire essentiellement sahélien de 274 00 km, est un pays exportateur de bétail. On estime la contribution des produits du bétail à 27% de la valeur de l'ensemble des produits agricoles. L'élevage occupe donc une place de choix dans les activités de la population. Avec le dernier recensement de 1989 (MAE, 1990), on connaît à peu prèsles effectifs du cheptel; cependant, on peut estimer que peu de travaux ont porté sur la description des races locales. Ces travaux sont surtout ceux de Doutressoulle (1947), Dumas et Raymond (1975), et Bourzat (1979).Les données présentées ici proviennent donc essentiellement des sources suscitées; pour certains aspects (taux de croissance) les chiffres proviennent de la cellule statistique du Ministère Délégué aux Ressources Animales (MDCRA, 1991) et de l'Etude prospective du sous-secteur élevage (MAE, 1991).
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Sanfo, Safiétou, William M. Fonta, Ulrich J. Diasso, Michel P. Nikiéma, John P. A. Lamers, and Jerôme E. Tondoh. "Climate- and Environment-Induced Intervillage Migration in Southwestern Burkina Faso, West Africa." Weather, Climate, and Society 9, no. 4 (October 1, 2017): 823–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-16-0065.1.
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Abstract This study investigated key environmental factors causing intervillage migration by farmers. Therefore, it used household data from surveys, semistructured interviews, life histories, and focus group discussions in southwestern Burkina Faso, West Africa. The results showed that 1) when referring to the experienced historical weather and climate, farmers were aware of the effects of ongoing climate and environmental change; 2) soil degradation, land tenure insecurity, and lack of rainfall were major drivers of environment-induced migration; and 3) soil fertility, productivity, rainfall, and humidity, as well as land tenure security, were major pull factors. Farmers indirectly identified population pressure as a major driver of intervillage migration since it contributes to land degradation and land tenure insecurity. It is argued that migration implicitly adds to the natural climate and environmental stresses. When aiming to elaborate suitable land-use planning, the findings call for additional research that is needed to understand better the complex interrelationships between environmental drivers and permanent, environment-driven intervillage migration.
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Nicolas, Salif Lankoande, Meda Lassana Sangare, Issaka P. Compaore, Joseph Catraye, Paul T. Sanou, Eddy Van Dyck, Michel Cartoux, Olga Sankara, Valerie Curtis, and Robert B. Soudre. "Prevalence and risk of HIV infection among female sex workers in Burkina Faso." International Journal of STD & AIDS 9, no. 3 (March 1, 1998): 146–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462981921909.
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Summary: Little information is available regarding human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among female sex workers (FSW) in Burkina Faso, West Africa. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Ouagadougou and Bobo-Dioulasso, the 2 largest cities of the country, to determine the prevalence of HIV infection and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among FSWs, and to investigate the factors which were associated with HIV infection in this population. From October to November 1994, 426 FSWs were recruited. The method of anonymous and unlinked HIV screening recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) was used. The overall HIV seroprevalence was 58.2% (95% confidence interval: 53.4-62.9) and 52.6% of FSWs had at least one STD agent. The most common STDs were trichomoniasis (23%), syphilis (15%) and gonorrhoea (13%). In a logistic regression analysis, risk factors for HIV infection were high gravidity ( 2 pregnancies), low perception of personal risk of HIV infection, syphilis and the presence of genital warts. These results suggest that FSWs in Burkina Faso need better information about HIV transmission and prevention and then need better access to STD detection and management services.