Academic literature on the topic 'Populationgrowth'

The development dynamics of Pekanbaru City is so rapid and accompanied by rapid populationgrowth has brought consequences on increasing the volume of waste from the community. Therapid growth of population, industry, investment and trade in Pekanbaru City produces domesticwaste of approximately 1,100 tons per day. With the amount of waste generated in such a way, theenvironmental conditions of Pekanbaru City, especially the community settlements, fall into thecategory of complex hygiene issues. The Waste Management consisting of Planning, Organizing,Staffing, Motivating, and Supervision/Controlling.

As a young species of 200.000 years, human is part of earth ecosystem. For 3.8 billion years, other livingbeings have evolved, adapting and selected by nature, until we came and disrupt the balance. Populationgrowth and climate change impact all of earth’s ecosystem. Urbanization and deforestation resulted in floodingin parts of Indonesia. Flooding is worse in urban areas as more risks involved. The Search and Rescueoperation can benefit from remote controlled unmanned vehicles to help save people. Conventional propulsionuses propeller, however in urban flooding condition, there are lots of debris in the water and the propeller canget stuck. Biomimicry uses nature’s genius to solve problem with emphasis on sustainability. This approachseeks nature’s advice in designing an alternative solution to the propeller problem in certain condition. Mobuliformswimmers, such as Manta Rays, present a model of efficient and debris-proof propulsion that can be used inthe search and rescue unmanned vehicles. This paper will highlight the Biomimicry process in designing aSearch and Rescue vehicle, called RCM3D-SAR that uses inspiration from Manta Ray’s pectoral fins. Thedesign is based on additive manufacturing technology and form follows function approach.

Typical. of public transportation in Ban ten is dominated m; small-mini bus with capaci.tt; of 12 passengers.The S!JSfem of this public transportation lws already arranged btj local government. The m1lagersusually waiting for this public transportation on the side of the street near their village since thereis ven; rare of bus stop in Prouince Ban ten. One of the 111ost common transportntion challenges todm;in Provision Banten is keeping up witli tlze mpirf 1illngers' populntion growth. This populationgrowth directly affects existing public tmnsportntion capacihJ nnd congestion levels - which directlyaffects the distnbution of haniest since the congestion used to happened and seen in many street notJar from traditional market, school, hospital and some road trmielled. Road safett; has not seen aspriori.ti; for the public transportation in Banten, as it seen from the vehicles' feasibilitt;, driver's behmJiorthat require regular superoi.se and from the passengers view as well since thei; tend to ignore thesafety as long as their need of transportation fulfilled. 77ie operationnl movement of public transportationin Banten cnn be dizrided into three cntegories; lm si!d on time (bu51; time nnd unoccupied),purpose of trmJel (working, school, and shopping), and type of ncti1ihJ (e.g: houselwld business).Public transportation in Pr011ince of Bnnten senes two cities nnd four districts including 1.207dependent villages, and reliant villages and any other kinds of village. 77re result of this stud!; is kindof recommendations for tire regional government in order to improve tire safett; road moreover thequality of public transportation service in Prouince of Ban ten.Key words: public transportntion, uillnges articels

ABSTRAKUndur-undur laut merupakan bagian dari kelompok krustasea yang menghuni pantai berpasirdi daerah intertidal.Undur-undur laut mempunyai fungsi ekonomi dan ekologi.Salah satu jenisundur-undur laut yang banyak dijumpai di Indonesia adalah jenis Emerita emeritus.Mengingatpentingnya fungsi ekonomi dan ekologi undur-undur laut, maka kajian tentang polapertumbuhan undur-undur laut penting dilakukan sebagai dasar untuk mengelola pemanfaatanundur-undur laut secara lestari.Penelitian ini dilakukan di Pantai Bocor, KecamatanBuluspesantren, Kabupaten Kebumen.Pengambilan sampel undur-undur laut dilakukan setiapbulan dari bulan Maret hingga Mei 2012.Pengambilan sampel undur-undur laut dilakukandengan metode penyapuan dengan bantuan alat tangkap sorok pada daerah pantai berpasiryang terpengaruh gerakan gelombang (swash zone).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwaundur-undur laut Emerita emeritus yang tertangkap mempunyai kisaran panjang karapasantara 19 mm hingga 34 mm, dengan ukuran yang paling banyak tertangkap pada selangpanjang 29-30 mm. Undur-undur laut di lokasi penelitian didominasi oleh undur-undur lautbetina dengan nisbah kelamin jantan/betina adalah 0,246.Pola pertumbuhan undur-undur lautEmerita emeritus jantan adalah isometrik, sedangkan undur-undur laut betina adalahalometrik negatif.Secara keseluruhan, pola pertumbuhan undur-undur laut Emerita emeritusadalah alometrik negatif. Artinya pertumbuhan panjang undur-undur laut lebih cepatdibanding pertumbuhan bobotnyaKata kunci: Emerita emeritus, pantai berpasir, undur-undur laut, selatan JawaABSTRACTMole crab is one of crustaceans inhabiting sandy intertidal. The crabs has both ecological andeconomical significance role. One common mole crab found in Indonesia is Emerita emeritus.Due to its ecological and economical function of the crab, it is neede to study the populationgrowth pattern for biological information based sustainable management. The research wasconducted in Pantai Bocor, Kecamatan Buluspesantren, Kabupaten Kebumen. Samplecollections were done monthly during March – May 2012. Sampling was done by swep areamethod by means of local fishermen gear called sorok along swash zone. The results showedthat the carapace length of collected crabs ranged from 19 – 34 mm, with the highestabundance within range of 29 – 30 mm. In terms of sex, female were the dominant with sexratio beween male and female was 0.246. The growth pattern of male was isometric, while infemale it was negative allometric. However, combining data showed that the growth patern ofthe population was negative allometric; meaning that its length grows faster than its weight.Keywords: Emerita emeritus, sandy beach, mole crab, southern part of Jawa

Mining is essential for human health and prosperity, and is increasing as the global populationgrows. The need for minerals appears to conflict with what is commonly understood as ‘sustainability’,as geological resources are non-renewable on a human timescale. However, the Brundtland definition of sustainability includes the concept of ‘needs’, implying that there has to be a balanced approach thatconsiders poverty alleviation. It identifies the three pillars of sustainability: economic, social and environmental.In the UK, mining has a legacy extending back over 6000 years. The approach taken to sustainability will be illustrated by 3 examples from northern England. In the 18thand 19thcenturies, the London Lead Company was directed by members of the Religious Society of Friends, and hadsocial sustainability as a high priority, building a village with facilities to promote physical, mental and spiritual healthamongst the mining community. The legacy of this company’s mining operations on river water pollution is currently a major problem, reflecting its lackof knowledge of geochemistry.Potash mining started in North Yorkshire in the 1960s, and now there are plans for a new potash mine within the North York Moors National Park.Over 1 km deep, the new mine is planned to be as invisible as possible. Open pit coal mining takes place as part of aconstruction operation in city centreNewcastle, and in nearbyrural locations. Operators take great care to minimize their impact on local populations, adaptingequipment and making sure operations are timed to minimize disturbance.In the UK, one key characteristic of a successful mining operation is that it engages in dialogue with the local community.It is important to involve the community right from the start of planning a mine, even before its location has been finalized. Operators typically have a community fund, and this can be approached by local people to pay for resources that benefit the community, such as sports equipment and facilities. Mining companies need to have a clear plan for restoration, with dates, and some take the opportunity to plan major works of public art as a way of enriching the community with a legacy that can generate income through tourism.

More and more people choose to move from the countryside into the cities, which can eventually have a negative impact on rural municipalities. Rural municipalities with a negative populationgrowth may ultimatley be difficult to handle and offer health, education, social services and service. How will swedish rural municipalities reach a population growth? The purpose of the studie is to studie population developement in Osby and Åsele municipality, and how each municipality work with strategies to achieve and increase in population growth. A comparison between the two municipalities will then be made on the basis of natural population growth, internal migration and the role of immigration. In order to awnser the purpose, semi-structured interviews were conducted with both officals and politicians from each municipality. This is to gain a deeper understanding of how municipal different conditions and how they work with theses issues. The result showed that local conditions to attract a new population is different, but there are strategies of both municipalities to reach a population growth. Municipalities use of their advantages on the conditions that are to be able to market themselves and attract a new population.