Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Populations du passé'
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Bonneuil, Noël. "Reconstruction et dynamique des populations du passé." Paris, EHESS, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991EHES0030.
Full textTemporal fluctuations of fertility are studied through tools and concepts coming from the theory of dynamic systems. In the modern period (1931-1985), the author suggests the existence of a temporal fertility behaviour identical for most of western countries, in the shape of a noised bi-stable phase portrait: two fix attractors exchange the trajectory of fertility behaviuor according to conjunctures. Undertaking an exploration of populations of the past, he reviews the methods in use to reconstruct populations. He presents a new method, capable of estimanting underregistration in the burial series. This method yields a rigourous description of a 17th century population in pays de caux. The temporal evolution of fertity can still be depicted in terms of a noised bi-stable phase portrait. A simulation of the autoregulator model allows the author to find again this general form, and to detect the existence of a bifurcation value for the frequency of mortality crises. The author presents then a vast reconstruction of the female population in 19th century france. On the basis of an inhomogenous markov process, he reconstructs the population, the migration by age, he estimates underregistration inherent in the whole set of data. He then presents an overiew of the demographic transition revealed, as well as an econometric model emphasizing the importance of mobility and the differentail evolution of the french space
Martin-Dupont, Sophie. "Les spondylarthropathies dans les populations du passé : diagnostic et épidémiologie des populations du Sud de l'Europe." Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30072.
Full textThe aim of this work is to elaborate and to use morphologic criteria allowing to make the diagnosis of Spondylarthropathy on ancient skeletons. At first, we made a point on available diagnosis tools in clinical practice for living people, and in paleopathology. In a second time, the question is approached from an epidemiological point of view, through international publications. From this bibliography review, from our rheumatologist experience, and from the analysis of three skeletons of the Soulièvres Abbey in Somme (France), a set of diagnosis criteria is developed. Then, it is applied to three archaeological series, one Portuguese population from the beginning of the last century, and two medieval populations from the south of France. The discussion analyses the relevance of criteria, and factors likely to explain the variations of prevalence observed. The criteria set developed and tested in this work, allows giving a diagnosis graduated as definite, probable, possible
Chassaing, Olivier. "Organisation génétique des populations d'esturgeon européen Acipenser sturio : passé, présent, futur." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20252/document.
Full textThe European sturgeon Acipenser sturio (Linnaeus, 1758) was a common fish of our rivers until the beginning of the 20th century. All populations are now extinct except one which survives in the Gironde-Garonne-Dordogne basin in France. Data available on this species are only partial because they only stem from this relictual population. During this thesis, more than one hundred ancient sturgeon samples archaeological remains or naturalized museum specimens were analysed by paleogenetics means. These genetics anlyses were carried out on mitochondrial DNA (mainly the Dloop) and five microsatellites loci which were adapted to ancient DNA methodologies. Paleogenetics data that we obtained were used to study : 1) A. sturio interactions with other sturgeon species which live or lived in Europe, especially the Adriatic sturgeon A. naccarii and the atlantic sturgeon A. oxyrinchus. 2) the genetic diversity of A. sturio all over its former geographical range. 3) genetic diversity of a population of the European sturgeon through time the Rhone River population from a period it was flourishing until its extinction. All these data were considered in the light of the species conservation, since A. sturio is now critically endangered
Meffray, Avril. "Infections des populations du passé : développement et application d'une approche originale de paléoépidémiologie intégrative." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/200630_MEFFRAY_473hgvhb335uthc207t610n_TH.pdf.
Full textThe reconstruction of the infectious environments of ancient populations and the influence that infections had on their health status are cornerstones of our knowledge of past societies. The purpose of this doctoral research is to develop and implement a new approach to the study of infectious diseases in the past: integrative paleoepidemiology. For an osteoarchaeological collection, the aim is to combine the so-called classical macroscopic paleoepidemiological study with a "population-based" microbiological approach. This paleomicrobiological approach thus makes it possible to estimate infectious prevalences closer to the epidemiological reality of our samples, by revealing the proportion of "silent" infections present in the corpus. The implementation of this approach for the study of four osteoarcheological series from various chrono-geographic contexts has notably demonstrated its potential in the context of research on infectious diseases in the past, by proving the presence of numerous infections among the individuals studied. Finally, given their obvious complementarity and the wealth of data they provide, the integration of paleopathology and paleomicrobiology within a single approach is part of the future of the study of past infectious contexts. Forthcoming developments of integrative paleo-epidemiology can be foreseen from a resolutely interdisciplinary perspective, aiming to cross the biological sciences with the human and social sciences, in order to improve our understanding of the communities of diseases that have imposed themselves on past populations
Antunes, Nicolas. "Application d'algorithmes prédictifs à l'identification de niches écoculturelles des populations du passé : approche ethnoarchéologique." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0173/document.
Full textThe geographic distribution of human populations is the result of both historical contingency and environmental factors. This study identifies culture-environment relations for well-documented present-day and historic populations in order to evaluate whether the same phenomena operated inprehistoric contexts, which are only known from archaeological sites. After reviewing the different concepts used to describe the ecological space occupied by a species (or specific population), it is shown that the niche concept is well-suited for identifying and measuring environmental factors that can influence the distribution of a culture at a particular place and time. In order to better understand the potential distributions of present and past cultures, this study employs the method known aseco-cultural niche modeling (ECNM). ECNM uses predictive algorithms along with occurrence and environmental data in order to examine the possible influences of environmental factors on cultural trajectories. The results presented here are derived from an optimized ECNM approach that permits one to obtain high-resolution environmental data, and that also combines niche predictions by taking into account the performance of the various employed predictive algorithms.The effectiveness of this approach is ensured by the use of reliable occurrence data for both the present-day and historic case studies. Finally, statistical evaluations of multiple contemporaneous niches, as well as successive ones across multiple climatic phases, allow them to be placed in ecological space and examined with respect to cultural diversity, ecological risk, competition, and evolutionary and population dynamics
Ricaut, Francois-Xavier. "ADN ancien et populations du passé : le cas de l'Altaï et de la Sibérie orientale." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0068.
Full textMolecular analysis (region HV1 of mtDNA and Y and autosomal STR) of ancient human remains belonging to the Scytho-Siberian of south Siberia (2500 years BP), Yakut of central Siberia (500-300 years BP) and north-eastern Neolithic (3600 BP) populations have been successful accomplish. Results are in agreement with the hypothesis (i) of a Siberia peopling from two distinct glacial refuge regions corresponding to north-eastern Siberia and southern Siberia and (ii) mongoloid population movement westward from the 1st millenary BC. We also underlined the strong genetic heterogeneity of Scytho-Siberian and Yakut populations, the Caucasoid presence in Altai several centuries before the silk road development, and that commercial exchange with neighbouring population (notably Chinese) were coupled with genetic exchange. Moreover, our genetic results suggested the Yakut funeral practice diversity and confirmed the hypothesis of their ethnogenesis from central Asian populations
Œil, Gaëlle. "L'âge du sevrage dans les populations du passé : Estimation à partir de l'étude de l'émail dentaire." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://theses.univ-cotedazur.fr/2019AZUR2031.
Full textFeeding of past populations, and particularly breastfeeding, are important thematic research in biological anthropology, as they are involved in many reflections upon sociocultural, health and demographic aspects. Breastfeeding, whose beneficial effects on child health are unanimously accepted nowadays, has long been the food choice allowing the best chances of survival for young children. In most cultures, at the beginning of their lives and according to a variable duration, newborns are exclusively breastfed. Progressively, additional food is introduced before the definitive cessation of breastfeeding. Dietary diversification and weaning represent significant transitions for children. Practices and modalities of breastfeeding and weaning have widely varied through time and space, especially as far as duration is concerned. This can be explained by socioeconomic, cultural and environmental factors. Given the lack of manufactured material remains concerning the breastfeeding’s practices and weaning, anthropologists have developed promising alternative approaches which enable them to obtain information on the consumption of breast milk. One of these approaches combines chemical data obtained by tooth enamel analysis with data concerning the diet and the health conditions of young children. The strontium and calcium consumed by an individual are incorporated as the tooth develops. Therefore, Sr/Ca reflects the biological changes in the concentrations of these two elements in the body. Microsampling of a longitudinal thin section in tooth enamel withdrawn by laser ablation and tested by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry allows us to evaluate the variations over time of the Sr / Ca ratio through the dental crown of the first permanent molar. Incremental growth markers in enamel are used to estimate the age at which changes may be observed in the Sr / Ca ratio. Thin sections of twenty two individuals from three archaeologic sites in France, Saint-Martin-des-champs (Paris), Les Grands Peupliers (Hières-sur-Amby) and Saint-Laurent (Grenoble) have been examined in this way. The results reveal the evolution of breastfeeding and weaning practices throughout the Middle Ages. The purpose of this work is to define a scientific protocol to estimate the age of dietary diversification and complete weaning for individuals from archaeological populations, on the basis of histologic and chemical examination of tooth enamel. It also proposes a discussion upon the performances and potentialities offered by the suggested approach
Bouquin, Denis. "Décomposition du cadavre et pratiques funéraires des populations du passé : confrontation des données médico-légales et archéologiques." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/288196.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques (Médecine)
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Garot, Elsa. "Distinction entre processus pathologique de type hypominéralisation molaire-incisive et processus taphonomique par différentes méthodes de micro-analyse de l’émail dentaire." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0791/document.
Full textDevelopmental enamel defects are often used as indicators of general health in past archaeological populations. It can be difficult to macroscopically distinguish subtle hypomineralised enamel opacities such as Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) from post-mortem staining. The diagnostic guide developed enables the differentiation of developmental hypomineralisation of enamel from taphonomic discolorations. Hypomineralised enamel had higher β-carbonate rates and lower mineral density. Taphonomic discoloration had higher concentration of manganese, iron, copper and lead, determined by means of X-ray fluorescence analyses. Sub adults from 21 archaeological series were examined and included: 4 French series, Sains-en-Gohelle (Pas-de-Calais), Cognac-Saint-Martin (Charente), Beauvais (Oise) and Jau-Dignac-et-Loirac (Gironde) from medieval and post-medieval cemeteries and 17 English series (London) from Roman, medieval and post-medieval cemeteries. We recorded 555 individuals aged between 5-19 years dating from 1st to 19th century. Among 290 specimens with at least one first permanent molar (FPM) present, 42 showed at least one FPM opacity (14.5%). Among the 17 individuals whose teeth were analysed, statistics highlighted 9 cases of MIH (52.9%). MIH prevalence of 9.3% was estimated among the archaeological series which is close to prevalence in living populations in Europe. The identification of MIH among past populations downplays contemporary aetiological hypotheses (e.g. dioxins, bisphenols, antibiotics) without excluding multifactorial aetiology of this pathology
Khaled, Abderrazzak. "Scolarité et délinquance juvénile au Maroc : étude d'une population délinquante passée par l'école." Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR21011.
Full textThrough a comparative approach between those who attended school and those who never attended it among the group of delinquents who attended an observation center, the present study tries to discover an eventual contribution of school failure to the delinquency of these young persons. The comparison between the socio-economic and socio-familial conditions shows that these conditions are significantly more unfavorable with the delinquents who never attended school. The psychological approach sets off aggressiveness, opposition and critical attitude about adults, the authority and the social values, as distinctive characteristics of delinquents having attended school. The comparison that the offenses with the two sub-groups allow to conclude that the offenses of those who attended school are of an aggressive and oppositional nature, while those of the group who never attended school are rather of substantial nature. Therefore, the psychological characteristics of delinquents who attended school as well as the nature of their offenses, do not find their explication in socio-economic and socio-familial conditions. On the contrary the approach of the school experience provides a plausible explication for the behavior of delinquents. This experience has, in fact, shown itself as the most salient element in these young person’s life
Aime, Carla. "Inférence des processus démographiques passés à partir de différents marqueurs génétiques pour des populations humaines aux modes de vie contrastés." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066383.
Full textReconstructing the demographic History of human populations remains a strongly investigated issue in many disciplines. In particular, the transition from hunting and gathering to plant and animal domestication during the Neolithic period is widely assumed by paleoanthropologists and archeologists to have driven recent human population expansions. Conversely, although demographic changes leave footprints on genetic polymorphism, few population genetic studies have found traces of Neolithic expansions in the current repartition of human genetic diversity, pointing rather toward more ancient (i. E. Middle or Upper Paleolithic) expansions. Here, we inferred the demographic history of multiple African and Eurasian populations with contrasted life styles, using several coalescent-based methods applied to different types of genetic markers. The analyses on autosomal and mitochondrial sequences revealed a Paleolithic expansion event for most populations, except for the ancestors of contemporary African hunter-gatherers. Using autosomal microsatellites, we also inferred a more recent expansion event, likely concomitant with the Neolithic transition, in sedentary farmer but not in nomadic herder populations. We also found that, in some cases, isolation and migration patterns can have an impact on coalescent-based inferences. Finally, using simulated data, we confirmed the fact that, when two consecutive expansions occur, sequence data generally give information about the oldest one while microsatellite data can bring information about the most recent one
Farrer, Thomas Jeffrey. "Passing or Failing of Symptom Validity Tests in Academic Accessibility Populations: Neuropsychological Assessment of “Near-Pass” Patients." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5944.
Full textELBIARI, AHMED. "Etude de l'anthracnose du pois chiche due a ascochyta rabiei (pass. ) lab. : polymorphisme des populations et diagnostic immunoenzymatique." Paris 11, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA112206.
Full textTrevisan, André. "BIOLOGIA POPULACIONAL DE Aegla sp. n.. (CRUSTACEA, DECAPODA, AEGLIDAE) NO ARROIO PASSO TAQUARA, SÃO PEDRO DO SUL/RS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2008. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/11177.
Full textThe aim of this study was to evaluate some aspects of the biology of the anomuran crab Aegla sp. n.., for example: the size of onset of sexual maturity, the median size between males and females, the sexual proportion (monthly and in size classes), the reproductive period (based on ovigerous females frequency), recruitment, spatial and seasonal distribution and growth in natural environment. This crustacean is a new species which is in process of description. The study was realized in Passo Taquara brook, situated in São Pedro do Sul municipality, in central region of Rio Grande do Sul State. Samplings were monthly realized, from May/2005 to April/2006 in three sections of the stream. Traps containing bovine liver as lure and dip nets were used to collect the animals. Eight traps were placed in each section, with a distance of 10 meters between them. In each section a sampling effort of 20 minutes was realized.. All the captured specimens were sexed by inspection of the presence of pleopods in females and and/or position of the sexual gonopores (coxae of the third pereopods in females and coxae of the fifth pereopods in males). Specimens with less than 3 mm of cephalothoracic length were considered unsexed juveniles due to the impossibility of visualizing pleopods and genital pores. The following corporeal dimensions were measured using a digital caliper with 0.01 mm of precision: cephalothoracic length (CL), cephalothoracic width (CW), width of the second abdominal somite (AW), length of the right chela (RC), length of the left chela (LC) and height of the larger chela (HC). After the data register, crabs were returned to the stream, to the same places where they were collected. A total of 916 specimens was sampled, 17 unsexed juveniles, 601 males (166 juveniles and 435 adults) and 298 females (101 juveniles, 182 adults and 25 ovigerous). The size at the onset of sexual maturity was esteemed, using Mature I and II software, in 13.60 and 10.84 mm of cephalothoracic length for males and females, respectively. Males presented sizes significantly larger than females. The distribution in size classes showed was bimodal for both sexes indicating more than one age-group in the population. The sexual proportion was in agreement with the expected value (1:1) when analyzing the specimens sampled with nets, but differed when analyzing the total data. Ovigerous females were sampled in all stations of the year, but they were more frequent in winter. Juveniles were also sampled in all stations of the years, but more frequently in winter and spring. The water temperature registered in Passo Taquara brook was similar among sections (p>0.05), but it was statistically more elevated in summer (p<0.05). The values of pH registered in section 02 were slightly more alkaline than in the other sections, and statistic differences among seasons were also observed (p<0.05). The concentrations of dissolved oxygen in water did not differ among sections, but the values observed in summer were significantly smaller (p<0.05). The outflow did not show statistic differences among sections and seasons (p>0.05). observed relationships in The linear regression analysis did not present any relationship between the abundance of eglids and the abiotic parameters, including precipitation (p>0.05). The type of substrate seems to be the principal factor explaining the distribution of this species, as revealed by the values of the linear regression between quantity of rocks and abundance of Aegla sp. n.. (F1,11 = 19.53 p = 0.0016). The size of rocks did not affect the abundance of eglids at the sections sampled. The growth curves of cephalothorax estimated for males and females are described by the following equations: Ct = 28.00 [1 e-0.0047(t+10.63)] and Ct = 25.16 [1 e-0.0051(t+17.65)], respectively. The males were larger than females and the estimated longevity was three years for males and two and half years for females. Differences were observed in the mean and median sizes of the chelipeds, besides a differential growth of the right and left chelae of Aegla sp. n.. The objective of this work was to contribute for the knowledge about some biology aspects of Aegla sp. n.., aiming the conservation of the species.
O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar alguns aspectos da biologia de Aegla sp. n.., tais como: tamanho do início da maturidade sexual morfológica, tamanho mediano de machos e fêmeas, distribuição etária, proporção sexual geral e nas classes de tamanho do comprimento cefalotoráxico, período reprodutivo, recrutamento, distribuição espacial, temporal e crescimento em ambiente natural. Este crustáceo é uma espécie nova em processo de descrição. O presente estudo foi realizado no Arroio Passo Taquara, localizado no município de São Pedro do Sul, região central do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram realizadas coletas mensais de maio de 2006 a abril de 2007 em três trechos do referido córrego. Os organismos foram coletados com o auxílio de armadilhas plásticas, sendo que foram dispostas oito por trecho a uma distância de dez metros uma da outra, e com um puçá de 30 x 40 cm de tamanho, fundo de 60 cm e panagem com malha de 0,2 mm, sendo que em cada trecho foi realizado um esforço amostral de 20 minutos por duas pessoas. Os organismos coletados foram sexados com base na presença de pleópodos nas fêmeas e ausência destes nos machos e/ou posição das aberturas genitais (na coxa do 3º par de pereiópodes das fêmeas e 5º par nos machos), quando não era possível a visualização de pleópodos uma lupa foi utilizada para a visualização dos poros genitais. Indivíduos com menos de 3 mm de comprimento cefalotoráxico foram considerados jovens não sexados por não apresentarem pleópodos e poros genitais desenvolvidos o suficiente para a uma visualização com confiabilidade. Os indivíduos tiveram as seguintes dimensões corporais mensuradas com um paquímetro digital com precisão de 0,01mm: Comprimento do cefalotórax (CC - da ponta do rostro até a borda posterior da carapaça), largura do cefalotórax (LC tomada na altura da sutura posterior a região gástrica), largura do segundo somito abdominal (LA), comprimento do própodo quelar esquerdo (CPE), comprimento do própodo quelar direito (CPD) e altura do maior própodo quelar (ALT). Obtidas as medidas e a sexagem, os organismos foram devolvidos no mesmo local de onde coletados. Foram amostrados 916 indivíduos, sendo 17 juvenis não sexados, 601 machos (166 juvenis e 435 adultos) e 298 fêmeas (101 jovens, 172 adultas e 25 ovígeras). O tamanho do início da maturidade sexual morfológica foi estimado, utilizando os programas Mature I e II, em 13,60 e 10,84mm de comprimento cefalotoráxico para machos e fêmeas respectivamente. Machos e fêmeas apresentaram dimorfismo sexual quanto ao seu tamanho mediano. A distribuição em classes de tamanho se mostrou bimodal para machos e fêmeas, o que indica mais de um grupo etário na população. A proporção sexual seguiu o padrão esperado de 1:1, considerando-se os organismos coletados com puçá, fato que não foi observado com o conjunto total dos dados. Foram amostradas fêmeas ovígeras em todas as estações do ano, porém com maior intensidade no inverno, da mesma forma o recrutamento em Aegla sp. n.. apresentou-se de forma contínua ao longo do ano, porém com uma alta intensidade no inverno e primavera. A temperatura da água registrada no Arroio Passo Taquara não apresentou diferenças entre os trechos (p>0,05), porém no verão os valores foram estatisticamente mais elevados (p<0,05). Os valores de pH registrados no trecho 02 foram levemente mais alcalinos que nos demais trechos, da mesma forma foram observadas diferenças nos valores de pH entre as estações do ano (p<0,05). Os teores de oxigênio dissolvido (OD) na água não variaram significativamente entre os trechos (p>0,05), porém os valores de OD foram estatisticamente menores no verão (p<0,05). Não foi observada diferença estatística da vazão entre os trechos e estações do ano (p>0,05). Não foram observados valores significantes na análise de regressão linear entre a abundância de eglídeos e os parâmetros abióticos analisados (p>0,05). Não foi visualizada relação entre a precipitação pluviométrica e a abundância de Aegla sp. n.. no Arroio Passo Taquara (F1,11 = 0,02 p = 0,87). O tipo de substrato parece ser o principal fator que explica a distribuição dessa espécie no Arroio, esse fato fica mais evidente quando observamos o valor da regressão linear entre a quantidade de pedras e a abundância de Aegla sp. n.. (F1,11 = 19,53 p = 0,0016). O tamanho das pedras não se relaciona com a abundância nos três trechos amostrados. As curvas de crescimento do cefalotórax estimadas para machos e fêmeas são descritas pelas seguintes equações Ct = 28,00 [1 e-0,0047(t+10,63)] e Ct = 25,16 [1 e-0,0051(t+17,65)], respectivamente. Os machos atingiram maiores tamanhos que as fêmeas e a longevidade foi estimada em três anos para os machos e dois anos e meio para as fêmeas. Foram verificadas diferenças no tamanho médio e mediano dos quelípodos, além de um crescimento diferencial das quelas direita e esquerda em machos e fêmeas de Aegla sp. n.. O presente estudo busca contribuir para o conhecimento sobre os aspectos da biologia populacional na espécie Aegla sp. n.., visando a criação de medidas conservacionistas.
Gheler-Costa, Carla. "Distribuição e abundância de pequenos mamíferos em relação à paisagem da bacia do Rio Passa-Cinco, São Paulo, Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/91/91131/tde-19092006-172103/.
Full textThe Corumbataí Basin is used as the main source of water supply for the municipal districts of Piracicaba and Rio Claro, being the Passa-Cinco River its main tributary. The Passa-Cinco river basin can be considered as a convenient model for the study of the conservation of biodiversity for it contains the main existing agroecosystems in the state of São Paulo. So that conservationist strategies can be established, some information is required, such as how biodiversity is affected, and which strategies the population of wild species use to keep themselves in the altered forest remainings. Small mammals, such as rodends and marsupials can be considered a good group to help answer these questions, for this group develops an important ecological role in forest environments, through the predation and dispersion of seeds. From August 2003 to January 2005 surveys on small mammals were carried out using 160 Sherman type traps distributed in lines, in 16 sample country properties, being 4 in each type of environment that is predominant in the landscape: native forest, Eucalyptus plantation, sugar-cane plantation and pastures. In this period, 177 rodend and marsupial individuals were captured, which were distributed in 8 species, with a 0,77% rate of success in capture. There was significative difference among the studied environments in terms of abundance, but not in terms of the richness of the species. Also, we could observe a clear distinction between forest and non-forest habitats. Apparently, the native forest remainings in the region lost their species which are the most demanding in relation to the quality of habitat, in such a way that the current community is basically formed of generalists, which are a characteristic of degraded areas. The loss of forest species not only alters the community of small mammals, but also favors the occurrence of species from non-forest areas which can bring, among other things, problems related to public health. Eventhough, the small mammal community from the Passa-Cinco river basin is worth conservationist efforts which must give priority to studies relating the environmental law enforcement to the changes this might generate to the community of small mammals.
Molter-Gérard, Christine. "La Régulation différentielle de la synthèse et de la libération des gonadotropines chez la brebis passe-t-elle par une stimulation préférentielle de sous-populations cellulaires gonadotropes ?" Tours, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOUR4003.
Full textThomas, Aline. "Identités funéraires, variants biologiques et facteurs chronologiques : une nouvelle perception du contexte culturel et social du Cerny (Bassin parisien, 4700-4300 avant J.-C.)." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14401/document.
Full textDuring the 5th millennium B.C., the Paris Basin sees the emergence of the first necropoles and funerary monumentality. Associated with the Cerny culture, these vestiges offer a privileged insight into the social transformations of Middle Neolithic communities in France. Following an archaeo-anthropological approach, we present a full assessment of the Cerny population as a whole, according to the three types of sites (Passy type structures, extended flat sites and slab graves) and with regard to each necropolis. The sites of Passy, Balloy, Gron, Escolives-Sainte-Camille, Vignely (La Noue Fenard and La Porte aux Bergers), Chichery, Orville, Malesherbes (Les Marsaules and La Chaise), which comprise the bulk of Cerny skeletons uncovered (n=160), constitute the object of this study. The cross-referencing of biological and archaeological parameters is systematized and subjected to statistical reasoning, regardless of the scalar value. These results, combined with new 14C dates, provide a reliable interpretive framework. Intrasite analyses reveal different modes of selection of the deceased and, occasionally, codified grouping of burials into separate loci. The rank of the dead and their social status play a predominant role in the structuring of the sites. Two models of organisation, one of which is repeated in every necropolis, illustrate the social stratification operating within monumental structures. The presence of individuals of similar status in flat necropoles suggests that the social identity of individuals is not the raison d'être of monumental graves. Moreover, the duality of the Cerny culture, traditionally seen as two diachronic manifestations of this culture, must now be reconsidered. The clear typological distinction between the long passage tombs of the Passy type and the slab graves of the Malesherbes type is herein upheld on both funerary and biological levels, regardless of chronology, thus calling the Cerny cultural unity into question
Van, De Keere Laurel. "Aging in an Era of Change: Contextualizing the Upcoming Demographic Shift in Marich Pass, North Western Kenya." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/13132.
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