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Academic literature on the topic 'Populations stellaires'
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Journal articles on the topic "Populations stellaires"
Semenova, Ekaterina, Maria Bergemann, Morgan Deal, Aldo Serenelli, Camilla Juul Hansen, Andrew J. Gallagher, Amelia Bayo, et al. "The Gaia-ESO survey: 3D NLTE abundances in the open cluster NGC 2420 suggest atomic diffusion and turbulent mixing are at the origin of chemical abundance variations." Astronomy & Astrophysics 643 (November 2020): A164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038833.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Populations stellaires"
OJHA, DEVENDRA. "Etude de la structure galactique et des populations stellaires. Cinematique des populations stellaires de la galaxie." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994STR13204.
Full textPierre, Marguerite. "Etude de populations stellaires jeunes extragalactiques." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37600409k.
Full textKoleva, Mina V. "Les populations stellaires des galaxies naines elliptiques." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO10020.
Full textThe past of the galaxies is imprinted in their stellar populations. The most numerous galaxies in the Universe are the dwarf ellipticals (dEs), left-over of the hierarchical mass-assembly. Consequently, the evolution of the Universe can be read from the stellar populations of the dwarf elliptical galaxies. In this thesis I present and validate an accurate and efficient method to study the age and metallicity evolution in stellar systems using spectra integrated along the line-ofsight. It was extensively tested and validated on a library of 40 Galactic globular clusters and applied to a sample of 16 dwarf elliptical galaxies in cluster and group environments and to NGC 205. The comparison between the integrated light measurement and CMD estimates of the clusters age and metallicity shows that : (1) The metallicity estimations of the old stellar populations are accurate up to 0.15 dex ; (2) the models have to be improved to account for the blue-horizontal branchs and the blue stragglers stars, but this problem can be presently solved by adding ad’hoc blue stars to the models ; (3) the different synthesis models give similar results providing large libraries are used for the synthesis. Further, encouraged by the good results, I applied the full spectrum fitting to dwarf elliptical galaxies observed with FORS at the VLT. The most striking results are : (1) The small galaxies start to form stars in the early Universe (at similar ages like the ages of Galactic globular clusters) and their star formation history is in agreement with the down-sizing scenario of galaxy evolution. 40% of the stellar mass of dEs was formed before z=1 ; (2) The dwarf ellipticals have in general decreasing metallicity from the centre by typically 0.5 dex in one halflight radius. These gradients are already present in the old population. The numerical simulations predict them, but need a longer time to construct them. The new observations will allow to improve the models. The study of NGC 205, galaxy of the Local Group of a similar mass, indicate similar characteristics, suggesting that they do not depend on the environment
De, Assis Peralta Raphaël. "Caractériser les populations stellaires à l'aide d'indices sismiques." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066106/document.
Full textLike terrestrial seismology, asteroseismology is the study of star quakes. These internal vibrations are detected by observing the luminosity (or velocity) variations at the stellar surfaces. From these time series, one computes power spectra which contain a wealth of information. In particular, for solar-like pulsators, we are able to observe the signal of granulation as well as the eigenmodes of stellar oscillations, both of which are a direct consequence of the convection in the star's envelope. Asteroseismology allows us to probe the interior of stars much like an ultrasound. Furthermore, with the large spatial photometric surveys CoRoT and Kepler, a new scope for seismology appeared. Indeed, it is possible to characterise to first order the oscillation spectra of solar-like pulsators with few indices or parameters, called seismic indices. Using simple relations, they allow us to estimate fundamental parameters of these stars. Asteroseismology is by consequence a very powerful tool for the study of stellar populations.In the perspective of the development of the Stellar Seismic Indices (SSI - The opening of the SSI database is planned for the summer of 2016, see http://ssi.lesia.obspm.fr/).) database, the purpose of my thesis was to develop an automatic method able to extract simultaneously the seismic indices and the parameters characterizing the granulation signature of solar-like pulsators. This method, called MLEUP, was optimized for red giants because for the few hundred main-sequence solar-like pulsators observed by CoRoT and Kepler, several tens of thousands of red giants have been observed by these same missions. MLEUP has a major advantage over most existing methods: it relies on the use red-giant stellar oscillation universal pattern (UP) to fit the oscillation spectra. This allows us to analyse the unsmoothed spectrum and fit simultaneously both granulation and oscillations with the maximum likelihood estimate (MLE).As a first step, MLEUP was tested on Monte Carlo simulations in order to quantify its performances. These simulations have revealed that MLEUP achieves very good performances, with low biases and dispersions. As a second step, we applied MLEUP to more than 36,500 stars observed by CoRoT and Kepler, thereby yielding seismic indices and granulation parameters for more than 13,500 stars. Those results have already been used in several works and are expected to be used in many more
Thévenin, Frédéric. "Contribution a l'etude des abondances des populations stellaires." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA077294.
Full textGazzano, Jean-christophe. "Populations stellaires et systèmes planétaires observés par CoRoT." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10031/document.
Full textDuring my Ph.D., I performed the spectral analysis of a massive sample of stellar spectra in the context of the CoRoT /Exoplanet mission. We took advantage of the Flames/GIRAFFE multi-fibre instrument to observe almost 2 000 stars with the aim of understanding the stellar populations in the CoRoT fields. To these purposes, I implemented, calibrated, tested and applied an automatic pipeline to reduce and analyse automatically (using the parameterization algorithm MATISSE, Gazzano et al. 2010) a large sample of stellar spectra. I derived the barycentric radial velocity, an estimate of the rotational velocity projected on the line of sight, the effective temperature, the surface gravity, the overall metallicity and the -enhancement for 1227 stars in three of the CoRoT fields. Hence, I built one of the first unbiased samples for any study regarding planet metallicity relationship in the CoRoT fields and demonstrated that the amount of dwarf stars was generally underestimated by the photometric classification (in Exo-Dat, Deleuil et al. 2009). I applied the relationship linking the number of planets as a function of the metallicity of the host star (Udry & Santos 2007), totally in agreement with the current number of planetary detection in the corresponding CoRoT fields (Gazzano et al. 2010). Using MATISSE atmospheric parameters, we determined distances and combining them with kinematics information (proper motions from PPMXL catalogue - Roeser et al. (2010) and astrometry), we derived Galactic kinematics components : position, velocities and orbits. This allowed me to study the stellar populations in the CoRoT /Exoplanet fields and quantify the metallicity gradient in the Galaxy (Gazzano et al. in preparation). I also participated to the spectroscopic follow-up observations of CoRoT planetary candidates with high resolution spectroscopy, to the spectroscopic analysis, with the VWA software (Bruntt et al. 2010b,a), of planet hosting stars for the CoRoT space mission and to their characterisation and publication. Indeed, the determination of the fundamental parameters of the star is a mandatory step for the complete characterisation of the planet
Robin, Annie. "Synthese de population : un modele de la galaxie et de ses populations stellaires." Besançon, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BESA2049.
Full textCantin, Simon. "Populations stellaires dans le coeur de galaxies spirales barrées." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27223/27223.pdf.
Full textFremaux, Julien. "Populations stellaires dans les galaxies hôtes de noyaux actifs." Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA077102.
Full textThe stellar population of the galaxies hosting an active nuclei seems to have a strong relationship with the activity level of the nucleus. As these galaxies are too far to be resolved in individual stars, we have to use a population synthesis method to be able to determine which kind of stars we can find inside. The comparison between these stellar populations and those of the non-active galaxies of the same morphological type will bring us a better knowledge on the relationship between the stellar population and the active nucleus. In this thesis, we have developed a new method for the stellar population synthesis using the flux received from the galaxy as observable quantity to fit and taking into account the non stellar diluting continua that contaminate the galactic spectrum. We have applied this method to the Seyfert 1 galaxy MCG-6-30-15. The wavelength range chosen, in the near infrared, is particularly well adapted for the stud'y of the internal region of the Seyfert 1 galaxies because, on the contrary of the visible range, there are almost none of the emission lines coming from the active nucleus. However, it is difficult to build a complete stellar spectra library in the near infrared, because of a lack of observations. Now, this library is an essential ingredient for the stellar population synthesis. It should be possible to complete it with theoretical spectra, computed thanks to stellar atmospheres models, but comparing these spectra to observed ones in the near infrared shows the lack of reliability of the computed absorption lines
Joguet, Benoît. "Populations stellaires des galaxies actives de type Seyfert 2." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA077205.
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