Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Populisme – France'
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Robinet, François. "Blasquisme, Populism, boulangisme : une histoire critique et comparée du populisme à l'ère des masses (Espagne, Etats-Unis, France, fin du XIXème siècle)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Clermont Auvergne (2021-...), 2024. http://theses.bu.uca.fr/nondiff/2024UCFA0077_ROBINET.pdf.
Full textAt the end of the 19th century, in a context of crisis, three mass movements emerged in Spain, in the United States of America and in France: blasquism in Valencia, the People's Party (in Kansas), and boulangism. Advocating the restoration of « popular sovereignty » against an « oligarchy », and thanks to institutions based on civil rights and universal manhood suffrage, they mobilized numerous voters and won elections. A part of the historiography, especially in political science, considers these movements to be the original manifestations of « populism », a concept which is still equivocal and polemical: this dissertation seeks to be an historigraphical and epistemological revision of the so-called populist phenomena, thanks to a critical and comparative history approach. Therefore, I study these three movements as objects of political history and social history of politics. To that end, I will consider their context of appearance, the characteristics of their electorate and leaders, their platforms and ideas, to determine how they fit in long-term political dynamics and traditions and thus, to reconsider their temporality within republicanism, in respect to its variations in these three countries. Furthermore, I will use a socio-histoire approach of politics to analyze the configurations of the political field, the political organizations and mobilizations, the media systems and the « repertoires of contention ». Hence, I will try to show how these movements participated in the integration and politicization of the masses within the end-of-century democratic systems
Mellet, Xavier. "La composition médiatique des populismes : une comparaison France-Japon." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0037/document.
Full textThis thesis offers a study of the concept of populism today, through a comparison between French and Japanese cases. It focuses on election campaigns and the study of elements present in newspapers articles. The reasoning is divided into two parts. The first one analyzes the current problems of the concept of populism, and then proposes a methodological reflection, based on a will not to distinguish populist people from democrats, and the empirical inclusion of populism and the political. Following Ernesto Laclau’s “populist reason” theory, this part gives a definition of populism as a “mediatic composition”: populism exists when a composition is successfully created around an element that is visible within mass media content. The second part is dedicated to the study of such phenomena through a Japan-France comparison. It defines the main characteristics of the compositions seen in both countries, with particular regard to incarnation (how to become a leader) and the political project (how to become a central issue), within the 2005 and 2009 Japanese legislative elections and the French 2007 presidential election. It dwells on the specificities of each country regarding the emergence of populist dynamics, consisting of elementary expansions within a campaign, whatever its nature (proposition, person, enemy…). A particular attention is given to François Bayrou, Ségolène Royal (2007) and Koizumi Junichirō (2005); as well as the postal privatization (2005), the change in government (2009) and May 68 (2007). The conclusion proposes a theory of populism as emergence and some methodological prospects based on the notion of ‘monad’
Vertier, Paul. "The democratic challenges of electoral representation and populism : an empirical approach." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018IEPP0003/document.
Full textThis dissertation aims at improving our understanding of two important phenomena in contemporary democracies: imbalanced electoral representation and the rise of populism. To do so, it explores empirically several natural experiments in different countries and settings.The first chapter explores the consequences of electing a dynastic politician on subsequent public policies. It shows that dynastic politicians have different characteristics compared to other politicians and that they manage their budget in a more opportunistic way.The second chapter focuses on gender-discrimination from voters in politics, by exploiting a natural experiment in the French départementales elections of 2015, where candidates had to run by gender-balanced pairs. Using the fact that the order of appearance of candidates on the ballot is as-good-as-random, it shows that right-wing ballots where the female candidate was listed first received lower shares of votes and were less likely to make it to the second round. This discrimination is driven by ballots on which no information is reported, which suggests that it is statistical.The third chapter studies the link between migration inflows and the rise of populism. Using as a natural experiment the dismantling of the Calais migrant camp in France between October 2015 and October 2016, it shows that municipalities which temporarily received a small amount of migrants following this event had a lower growth rate of Front National vote between the presidential elections of 2012 and 2017
Abdulsattar, Mudhar. "La production de sens des termes populisme et populiste lors de l’élection présidentielle française de 2012, dans les discours politiques et complémentairement dans les discours journalistiques." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MON30029.
Full textThis research focuses on the use of the terms populism and populist during the French presidential election of 2012. This study had carried out by treating two corpuses : political discourses and additionally journalistic discourses, covering the period from October 2010 to May 2012. By positioning in the theories of discursive semantics and of praxématique, we convened the discourse analysis to analyze the production of the meaning of those terms.The goal is to understand how the presidential candidates of 2012 and commentators in the press use the terms in question in their discourses, and to determine the linguistic processes involved in these discourses to represent these terms.The results show that from the point of view of the production of meaning, there is a semantic act on these terms, which we receive mostly with a negative meaning, although some speakers / writers was trying to inject the positive direction in their previous negative meaning
Ecuvillon, Pierre. "Le phénomène Le Pen : analyse relationnelle, historique et esthétique d'une singularité politique." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MON30005/document.
Full textThe “Le Pen phenomenon” designates the sum constituted by the elaboration of a politicalbrand located at the far-right and by the conflictual reactions that it provokes within theFrench society. The objectivization of this phenomenon lies in the analysis of the FrontNational ideology as it is this of a political brand which must produce an original doctrinalcontent in order to distinguish it from the others parties but also in the study of the socialmovement – or the movement of the social – which it is the cause of. The category of thesacred comes to shed the discursive sets which are discernible just as well in the FrontNational words as those of its political and associative opponents. The research is going onwith the analysis of the French far-right main ideological schemas, which is based on ahistory of ideas which starts with the counter-revolutionary thought. The Durandianmethodology of the semantic basin allows to identify the cardinal stages of the far-rightnationalism ideological formation. The examination of this ideology comes to an end with theanalysis of the Front National contemporary discourse and the mythanalytic comparison ofthe Jean-Marie Le Pen and Marine Le Pen candidacies at the time of 2007 and 2012 Frenchpresidential elections
Beaumier, Morgane. "La gauche et la droite populistes comparées : les cas de Jean-Luc Mélenchon et de Marine Le Pen." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67795.
Full textThe last French presidential elections clearly show the salience of populism in France, while 40% of the population offers its support to the two parties of this allegiance. However, populism in France, seen through speeches, remains an under-studied field. Therefore, this dissertation will analyze how populist discourses vary depending on political orientation. More precisely, it explores, in a comparative manner, the discourse of two French populist politicians: Marine Le Pen and Jean-Luc Mélenchon. 38 non-institutional discourses and 53 institutional discourses will be studied with the help of the theoretical framework of Raoul Girardet. The latter highlights the presence of four populist myths in the speeches of French politicians: the myth of the conspiracy, the myth of the golden age, the myth of the savior, and the myth of unity. Subsequently, a second comparison— this time between the two types of speeches—will also be made. Several results can be drawn from this study. It seems that Le Pen and Mélenchon do not make a completely similar use of the four myths in their speeches. While the myths of conspiracy and of unity are expressed in a similar way by both politicians, the golden age myth is only partially demonstrated. The last myth (the myth of the savior) is used comparably in both politician’s speeches for contemporary saviors, but not for those of the past. In addition, Mélenchon's speeches remain relatively stable depending on the location, while Le Pen's vary considerably more.
Souillac, Romain. "Le mouvement Poujade, l'État et la nation (1953-1962)." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040074.
Full textThe Union for the Defence of shopkeepers and craftsmen (UDCA) was created in the Lot department in 1953. At first fighting against taxation, Poujade's movement evolved quickly and assumed a political label as from March 1955. At that time, parallel unions were created which aimed at rallying all social classes in the view of a major institutional transformation : they wanted to ask the people's opinion thanks to what they entitled " the States general of French Trades and Crafts ", which would put an end to the fourth Republic. The political turning point was confirmed by poujadist candidates standing at elections to the legislature on January 2, 1956. The Union and French Fraternity (UFF) is currently represented by 52 deputies at the Palais Bourbon. Nevertheless, the period stretching from 1956 to 1958 corresponded to a decline of the movement, partly because of its far-right positioning, its inability to impose a fiscal amnisty, as well as the disappearance of oppositions to tax inspections. The movement turned into a small group under the fifth Republic, fighting for French Algeria through legal channels. The dialectic process opposing the UDCA to the State is one of the key factors which enable the understanding of the movement's politicization
Gintzburger-Bourseiller, Christophe. "Ombre invaincue : de la destruction du "collaborationnisme" à sa survie dans la France de l'après-guerre, 1944-1954." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H061.
Full textThe destruction of three « colaborationist » collectives (Parti Populaire Français, Rassemblement National Populaire, and « cagoulard » movement) does not mean they completely disappear.On the contrary, the Parti Populaire Français inspires the renewal of the post-war extreme right and contributes to the « populist » phenomenon.Those who arise from the Rassemblement National Populaire are part of the an-ticomunist effort during the Cold War and structure it.Concerning the « cagoulards », they have always be scattered among the different factions (collaborationism, petainism, gaullism, Resistance). We observe their redeployment in anticommunism, europeism and the moderate right wing.We finally spot between 1944 and 1954 the dissemination of the extreme righ-tists in the french political field, their ideas meeting several post-war topics : anticommunism, french-german reconciliation, european construction
Kern, Matthias. ""L'amour du peuple" : esthétique populiste et imaginaire du populaire dans la culture française de l'entre-deux-guerres." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0152.
Full textThe cultural production of the interwar period in France is noted for its renewed interest in the representation of social issues which shake the everyday life of the French population : work and urban misery become the main subjects in literature, photography and cinema, especially in the period between 1928 and 1939. In view of the financial crisis, labour strikes and the rise of the Front Populaire, the artistic field reacts with a renovation of realist representation styles, which should lead to a questioning of the nature of ‘people’, of the underlying social connections in the masses and of the place of popular traditions in a modernized way of life. In the ambit of literature, a short-lived movement of novel writers dominates the discussions from 1929 onwards: the populist novel, a movement founded in a manifesto written by Léon Lemonnier. This movement becomes quickly the backround for a further discussion about the needs for a renewed literary realism or naturalism. Simultaneously, the group for proletarian literature, founded by Henry Poulaille, follows the same aesthetics and claims to be the real representants of the working people by giving workers the occasion to publish. Both groups, as well as many other authors close to the literary populism, try to renew the novel by describing the ‘people’ and their living conditions. In this context, the notion ‘people’ is opposed to the bourgeoisie and its ‘psychologic’ or ‘snobby’ writing style. Thus, resorting to the term ‘people’ means first and foremost that the creator subscribes to an anti-bourgeois aesthetics, but also to an anti-modernist mindset – which distinguishes populism from the French avantgardes. It means furthermore that the creator strengthens a conception of everyday life marked by poverty which should correspond to the experiences of a majority of the French population. This thesis tries to bring out the elements of such an imagination of the ‘people’ on the basis of the artistic criticism and of the analysis of several novels written by authors who are more or less associated to the populist novel movement: Pierre Mac Orlan, Eugène Dabit, André Thérive, Marcel Aymé and Henry Poulaille. The thesis goes then on to highlight the survival of aesthetic elements of populism in the cinema of poetic realism and in French documentary photography which marks the beginning of humanist photography. By doing so, the thesis represents a sociocritical contribution to the history of ideas of the French interwar period and indicates the ideological traps of aesteticization of terms like ‘little people’ or ‘people’ in general
Melliez, Mary. "Maxence Van der Meersch, héraut du peuple." Thesis, Artois, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ARTO0006.
Full textThis thesis proposes to examine Maxence Van der Meersch’s place in popular literature, especially by confronting the writer’s aesthetic choices and novels with populist and proletarian movements, and also by studying the personal relationship the novelist had with the popular classes. The examination of his social and political ideologies allows to grasp better a man who, true to his convictions, refused to integrate a group that would not have represented him entirely and therefore remained unclassifiable both in the political and literary fields. The novelist’s favourite themes are reviewed : sinful women, atonement by suffering, Christly figures, Herculean characters, etc. ; and the analysis of those different stereotypes and commonplaces, whether popular or not, leads to a questioning of the criticisms about Manicheism and extreme simplification that are often made to the writer. If his commitment and his will to convince sometimes induced him to very clear-cut standpoints, the main cause he wanted to defend was that of the workers, for whom his attachment was never denied. The study is based on published and unpublished novels of the author, and on the numerous and precious documents from the Maxence Van der Meersch Resource of Wasquehal and from Albin Michel archives at IMEC. It is completed with appendixes that bring to light so far unpublished texts
Falkenberg, Susanne. "Populismus und populistischer Moment im Vergleich zwischen Frankreich, Italien und Österreich Populism in France, Italy, and Austria /." [S.l. : s.n.], 1997. http://www.ub.uni-duisburg.de/diss/diss9705/.
Full textFalkenberg, Susanne. "Populismus und populistischer Moment im Vergleich zwischen Frankreich, Italien und Österreich - Populism in France, Italy and Austria." Gerhard-Mercator-Universitaet Duisburg, 2001. http://www.ub.uni-duisburg.de/ETD-db/theses/available/duett-09052001-103803/.
Full textBoyer, Evan. "The Rise of Populism in 21st Century France: Normalizing Islamophobia." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/2169.
Full textBotopoulos, Costas. "Les socialistes à l'épreuve du pouvoir : France, Grèce, Espagne dans les années quatre-vingt : idées et pratiques constitutionnelles." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010279.
Full textThe three socialist parties of France, Greece and Spain arrived in power having declared their intention to change profoundly the political system in their countries. The experience of power proved that it was the parties themselves, their political role and the way they function, which were to be transformed ; the socialist governments accepted the political institutions they inherited and did not even try to impose w new constitutionnal logic
Alidières, Bernard. "De Tourcoing à la France : géopolitique du vote "national-populiste" (1977-2004)." Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA082493.
Full textThis research in electoral geography studies the roots of "national-populist" vote at three territory levels: municipal (tourcoing), regional (nord-pas-de-calais) and national (france). It examines the political game between 1977 and 2004, before and after the crisis of the national front (nf) in 1998. An investigation at different levels of the relationships between insecurity, immigration, and vote for the nf, reveals how the daily life of people was actually disturbed by insecurity. An analysis of political debates on security suggests that denial of this reality reinforced the right-wing vote. This geopolitical method reveals the close proximity of the nf electorate and its "enemy". It shows also the influence of two periods on the formation of representations: the "anti-arab" vote has been strengthened by the memory of the fights between "north-africans" that occurred in france during the algerian war and by the development of delinquency in the same territories 20 years later
Baird, Catherine 1966. "Russian personalism : the influence of Russian populism on French personalism, 1930-1938." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61144.
Full textBeltran, Veda Elizabeth. "Xenophobia, Populism, and the Rise of the Far-Right in France and Germany." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1478.
Full textViskanic, Max. "Fear and Loathing on the Campaign Trail 2016-18 : Migrants, Refugees and the rise of Far Right Populism." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IEPP0049.
Full textThe first chapter analyses the impact of a relatively large and homogeneous shock of Polish immigrants in the UK and what impact said shock had on the Brexit vote in 2016. I finnd that Polish migration to the United Kingdom has increased voting for Brexit, but not enough to sway the vote for Leave. In order to achieve exogenous variation in the allocation of Polish immigrants I rely on the formation of migrant networks close to War Resettlement Camps created for Polish soldiers after WWII, which I collect from the National archives. In the second chapter I use the dismantlement of the illegal Migrants camp close to Calais and the subsequent redistribution of migrants to study the impact to the exposure to few migrants over a short amount of time. I find that the exposure to few migrants decreases the voting for the Front National, but that this effect dissipates if large migrant groups are resettled. In this case contact as well as relative group size play an important role in explaining native's reactions to migrants. In the last chapter I analyse the impact of the refugee crisis on the demand and supply of politics in Italy. I show that the opening of small reception centres for migrants in Italy have decreased voting for the extreme right, decreased hate crimes against immigrants as well as increased votes for left wing parties. The effects are mostly driven by municipalities, which are less connected to the internet. This shows the differential amplification effect digital media can have vis-a-vis traditional media. Furthermore, I find that mayors from extreme right wing parties close and are less likely to open reception centres than other politicians, rationally reacting to their decreased political support
Fieschi, Catherine. "The French Fifth Republic and populism : a neo-institutional analysis of the Front national." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36767.
Full textTrottier, Véronique. "Le populisme et le roman populiste dans la France de l'entre-deux-guerres." Thèse, 2009. http://constellation.uqac.ca/123/1/030123835.pdf.
Full textFalkenberg, Susanne [Verfasser]. "Populismus und populistischer Moment im Vergleich zwischen Frankreich, Italien und Österreich = Populism in France, Italy, and Austria / Falkenberg, Susanne." 1997. http://d-nb.info/958839204/34.
Full textDrahokoupil, Vidímová Sára. "Kdo jsi, demokratický lide? Zkoumání konceptu demokratického lidu na příkladech ze současné Francie." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-405749.
Full textProšková, Nikola. "Proměna politické komunikace Národní fronty v prezidentských volbách 2002 a 2017." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-398813.
Full textDoležal, Tomáš. "Frakce euroskeptických politických stran v Evropském parlamentu: konstituce, podoba, politická činnost a změny v kontextu voleb do Evropského parlamentu 2019." Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-437921.
Full textKočařová, Martina. "Islamofobie a nový populismus v současné Evropě: Případ současné Francie a Nizozemí." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-347229.
Full textSenft, Matěj. "Soudobý populismus v Evropě." Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-441743.
Full textKlinková, Karolína. "Pravicový a levicový populismus ve francouzských prezidentských volbách 2017." Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-438027.
Full textTurner, Michael K. "Redeeming the time the making of early American Methodism /." Diss., 2009. http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-03242009-143318/.
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