Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pore de transition de perméabilité mitochondrial'
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Baidi, Zineb. "Conséquences de l'ischémie/reperfusion sur le pore de transition de perméabilité mitochondrial." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00721775.
Full textDeniaud, Aurélien Patrick Sylvain. "Etude des relations stucture/fonction du pore de transition de perméabilité mitochondrial." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006VERS0034.
Full textThe "Mitochondrial Proteic Complexes and Apoptosis" team study the permeabilization of the mitochondrial membranes step q apoptosis. The goal of my PhD was to investigate the structure/function relationships of the Permeability Transition Pore (PTP), a polyproteic complex required for the MMP. We developed two different approaches to realize this work. Firstly, we identified and characterized two new endogenous regulators of the PTP: The first one, by using a antigen sereen, is the glyceraledhyde-3-phosphate deshydrogenase. We showed that it accumulates into the mitochondria during apoptosis and induces ail the characteristics of the mitochondrial phase of apoptosis using isolated mitochondria (cytochrome c and AIF release, DYm loss and mitochondrial matrix swelling). The second one, by using proteomic technic, is the glutathion-S-transferase. We showed that it inhibits the opening of the PTP by using the PTP proteoliposomes system. We also deepened the relationships between the ER and the mitochondria in term of calcium transfer. We highlighted the possibilities of a calcium transfer stimulation between these both organites stimulated byan IP3R agonist or ER stress molecules. This phenomenon is able to induce the whole characteristics of the mitochondrial phase of apoptosis, using entire cell systems as weil as isolated organites, and this is mediated by the activation of the PTP. Finally, we developed different biophysical approaches to study the structure of the PTP and brought into focus a tethered Iipid bilayer model in which we incorporated VDAC. We characterized this system by SPR, FRAP and f1uorimetry, and showed that the protei was functional into
Teixeira, Geoffrey. "Régulation du pore de transition de perméabilité mitochondriale dans la cardioprotection : interactions entre la cyclophiline D, le complexe I et le calcium." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10238.
Full textReperfusion of the heart after an ischemic event leads to the opening of a nonspecific pore in the inner mitochondrial membrane, the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). Inhibition of mPTP opening is an effective strategy to prevent cardiomyocyte death. For example, inhibition of mPTP opening via ischaemic preconditioning (PreC) and post-conditioning (PostC) decreased the myocardial infarct size after ischemia–reperfusion. Although the molecular composition of the mPTP remains unclear, the matrix protein cyclophilin-D (CypD) is the best defined regulatory component of mPTP. In this thesis, we demonstrated that Complex I of the respiratory mitochondrial chain also regulates mPTP in a CypD-dependent manner. We also proved that inhibition of Complex I by isoflurane prevents lethal reperfusion injury in an in vivo rat model of ischemia-reperfusion. Finally, we proved that cardioprotective inhibition of CypD modulates calcium homeostasis and fluxes between mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum. In summary, our results suggest that mPTP is regulated by several interconnected factors like calcium, CypD, complex I and mitochondrial functions
Sharaf, El Dein Ossama. "Rôle du pore de transition de perméabilité mitochondrial dans la communication apoptotique inter-organelles." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009VERS0022.
Full textA defect of cell death by apoptosis is often involved in carcinogenesis and resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy. During the apoptotic process, mitochondria were shown to play a central executive role. Activation of the mitochondrial pathway is associated with mitochonrial membranes permeabilization (MMP) in response to opening of the permeability transition pore complex (PTPC). The aim of my PhD was to investigate the role of this PTPC in the molecular and cellular mechanisms induced by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress or genotoxic stress. We demonstrate in various human cancer cell lines, that these two types of cellular stress trigger a PTPC-dependant apoptosos characterized by MMP, release of apoptotic factors, caspases activation and DNA fragmentation. Opening the PTPC abd subsequent apoptotic events are favored by the pro-apoptotic protein Bax, while they are inhibited by the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. In response to ER stress, we identified the calcium ion, the IP3 receptor (IP3R), the porcin VDAC and PTPC as key factors of the apoptotic cross-talk between ER and mitochondria. Furthermore, we show that overexpression of PTPC pro-apoptotic members sensitize cancer cells to genotoxic stress and overcome the projective effects of elevated Bcl-2 levels. Altogether, these results suggest that PTPC could be an interesting candidate to sensitize tumor cells to chemotherapeutic drugs targeting the ER or the nucleus
Walter, Ludivine. "Régulation du pore de transition de perméabilité mitochondrial par des analogues structuraux de l'ubiquinone." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA077197.
Full textLi, Bo. "Chaîne respiratoire et pore de transition de perméabilité mitochondriale dans la cardioprotection." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00609514.
Full textAssaly, Rana. "Protection du myocarde ischémique et pore géant mitochondrial : applications pharmacologiques." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00734466.
Full textLemoine, Sandrine. "Conditionnement pharmacologique par la ciclosporine A dans l’ischémie-reperfusion rénale." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10339/document.
Full textIschemia-reperfusion (IR) is a situation encountered in transplantation or during aortic surgery, which can result in renal damages, requiring sometimes transient or definitive dialysis. Mitochondria play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of IR causing cell death. Previous studies of cardiac IR highlighted the role of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). Cyclosporin A (CsA) has been proposed as a treatment to protect the kidney from IR by the delay of the opening of the mPTP. However, CsA has acute renal hemodynamic effects and a long-term toxicity, requiring an experimental validation of its protection in the renal IR. In this work, we developed a mouse model of renal IR. In a first study, we showed that the post-conditioning with CsA and ischemic postconditioning improve renal function with a delay of the opening of the mPTP. In a second study, we showed that a high dose of CsA injected just before the ischemia improves renal function and leads to the delay of the opening of mPTP mediated by an increase of HSP70. Our results open new perspectives in renal protection, especially for reducing episodes of acute renal failure in aortic surgery or in renal transplantation
Cornali, Sandrine. "Implication du pore de transition de perméabilité mitochondriale dans l'apoptose des cellules β pancréatiques." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00767105.
Full textDevun, Flavien. "Régulation du Pore de Transition de Perméabilité mitochondrial et toxicité induite par les analogues de l'ubiquinone dans les hépatocytes cancéreux." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00347922.
Full textDans notre étude, nous nous sommes attachés à comprendre d'où peuvent provenir ces divergences, en travaillant sur des lignées hépatocytaires immortalisées et cancéreuses. Nous avons observé que la régulation du PTP par les analogues de l'ubiquinone peut être bouleversée par l'immortalisation et/ou la cancérisation, alors que l'effet de la ciclosporine A demeure inchangé. Tant en culture qu'en co-culture, cette caractéristique unique permet une toxicité ciblée, même entre deux lignées cellulaires très proches. Dans certaines lignées, certaines ubiquinones inhibitrices entraînent malgré tout une mort cellulaire. Nous avons pu montrer que cette toxicité est due à l'augmentation de la production radicalaire. Ce travail ouvre de nouvelles perspectives dans l'utilisation du PTP comme cible moléculaire de thérapie anticancéreuse sélective.
Cornali, Lablanche Sandrine. "Implication du pore de transition de perméabilité mitochondriale dans l'apoptose de la cellule β pancréatique." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENV009/document.
Full textPTP involvement in β pancreatic cell death Hyperglycemia, hyperfructosemia and ischemia-reperfusion play a major role in the progression of β cell loss in diabetes mellitus. The permeability transition pore (PTP) is a mitochondrial channel involved in cell death. PTP opening and oxidative stress have been shown to be involved in ischemia-reperfusion injury on cardiomyocytes and in hyperglycemia-induced cell death in endothelial cells. In the first part of this work, we have examined the involvement of PTP opening in INS-1 cells and human pancreatic islets cell death induced by high levels of glucose or fructose. We first reported that Metformin and Cyclosporin A (CsA) prevented Ca2+-induced PTP opening in permeabilized and intact INS-1 cells. We then shown that incubation of INS-1 cells and human islets in the presence of 30 mM glucose or 2.5 mM fructose induced PTP opening and led to cell death. Because both Metformin and CsA prevented glucose and fructose induced PTP opening, and hampered glucose and fructose induced cell death, we conclude that PTP opening is involved in high glucose and high fructose induced INS-1 and human islets cell death. We therefore suggest that preventing PTP opening might be a new approach to preserve β cell viability. In the second part of the work, we demonstrate that the incubation of INS-1 cells in the absence of energy substrates in hypoxic condition for 1 hour followed by incubation in normal condition led to PTP opening and to a dramatic increase in cell death. Both events were totally prevented when PTP opening was inhibited by either Cyclosporin A (CsA) or Metformin or when the cells were incubated in the presence of the antioxidant N-acetyl-cystein (NAC), in anoxia, highlighting the implication of oxidative stress is the commitment of PTP opening. Superoxide production increased during the removal of energy substrates, due to reverse electron flux through complex I and again increased when normal energy substrate and O2 were restored, due to PTP opening. NAC, anoxia or Metformin prevented the two phases of oxidative stress, while CsA prevented only the second one. Hypoxia alone did not induce oxidative stress, PTP opening or cell death. Our work demonstrates the implication of PTP opening in ischemia-reperfusion injury and gluco- fructotoxicty in β pancreatic cells. We therefore suggest that preventing PTP opening might be a new approach to preserve β cell viability
Panel, Mathieu. "Étude de l'effet de nouveaux ligands de la cyclophiline D sur le pore de transition de perméabilité mitochondrial et de leur effet protecteur." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS490/document.
Full textIschemia-reperfusion can occur in various pathophysiological situations such as myocardial infarction or organ transplantation. The only available treatment of ischemia relies on a timely reperfusion which paradoxically causes additional damage, so-called « reperfusion injury ». Mitochondria play a central role in this phenomenon through the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) which extends cell death. mPTP opening is modulated by the matrix protein cyclophilin D (CypD). CypD inhibition by cyclosporin A (CsA), the most described CypD inhibitor, limits reperfusion injury in vivo. Nevertheless, recent clinical trials failed to recapitulate such protection in the context of myocardial infarction, emphasizing the urge to develop new mPTP inhibitors. Here, we investigated the effects of new CypD ligands on mPTP opening. We demonstrated that these small molecules unrelated to CsA are potent mPTP inhibitors and that the most active compound, C31, exhibited stronger mPTP-inhibiting properties as compared to CsA. C31 also inhibited mPTP opening in primary hepatocytes and isolated cardiomyocytes. In vivo, C31 reaches liver mitochondria and protects mitochondrial function in a hepatic ischemia-reperfusion model. Nevertheless, C31 metabolic stability hampers cardiac uptake of the compound. Further development of these new inhibitors might lead to interesting candidates to protect organs against ischemia-reperfusion injury
De, Paulis Damien. "Régulation des fonctions mitochondriales dans la cardioprotection : spécificité du rat." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00858772.
Full textClerc, Pascaline. "Etude des effets mitochondriaux du monoxyde d'azote : régulation de l'oxydation phosphorylante et de la transition de perméabilité." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00364967.
Full textLigeret, Heidi. "Détermination des effets mitochondriaux de la curcumine et de quelques dérivés : proposition d'un mécanisme d'action impliquant le pore de transition de perméabilité." Paris 12, 2004. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002143890204611&vid=upec.
Full textMitochondria play an important role in free radical oxygen species (ROS) generation and in apoptotic process. The first part of tins work was the study of the mitochondrial effects of curcumin: it decreased ROS productions and induced permeability transition pore (PTP) opening. To understand its mechanism of action, we study, in the second part of this work, the mitochondrial effects of 22 curcumin-derivatives obtained after chemical substitutions. We showed that curcuniin and some derivatives iriduced Fe reduction leading to H0 generation. Then, tins radical promoted membrane thiol groups oxidation leading to PTP opening. The cheniical functions that are needed to promote PTP opening were the hydroxy and the methoxy groups located at the phenolic cycle. Furthermore, this study indicated that some curcumin-derivatives, like curcumin, could constitute a pool of antitumoral compounds whereas other compounds could be protective agents during oxidant stress
Chanoit, Guillaume. "Étude de la cardioprotection conférée par le zinc." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10119.
Full textZinc is a member of the family of the metal trace elements and its role in the protection against lethal reperfusion injury has been strongly suggested. The aim of the present work was to determine the molecular mechanisms involved in zinc cardioprotection. We have used cultured rat cardiomyoblasts, isolated rat cardiomyocytes, isolated mitochondria and isolated perfused rat heart. We demonstrated that zinc given at reperfusion, limits cell necrosis in a model of simulated ischemia-reperfusion. Administration of zinc results in activation of the reperfusion-injury salvage kinases pathway (PI-3K/Akt), inhibition of GSK-3β and of the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. We then showed that, in the presence of zinc, activation of Akt is mediated by the inhibition of various phosphatases and by activation of the tyrosine kinase domain of the IGF-1 receptor. Our latest experiments report the action of zinc following activation of adenosine receptors
Ravagnan, Luigi. "Mitochondries et apoptose : effets de l'agent antitumoral Lonidamine sur les mitochondries et étude fonctionnelle de l'Apoptosis Inducing Factor." Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066310.
Full textMcStay, Gavin Peter. "Molecular characterisation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271747.
Full textVaranyuwatana, Pinadda. "The molecular mechanism of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.529876.
Full textHendry, C. "The role of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in cardioprotection." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2012. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1370643/.
Full textJaved, M. A. "Mitochondrial permeability transition pore as a therapeutic target for acute pancreatitis." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2017. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3018618/.
Full textHausenloy, Derek. "The role of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in myocardial protection." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2004. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1446665/.
Full textShanmuganathan, Selvaraj. "The role of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in human myocardial protection." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1426610/.
Full textBenton, Eleanor. "The role of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in cardiac myocyte cell death." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2004. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1446529/.
Full textHusainy, Mohammad Ali. "The role of protein kinase B and mitochondrial permeability transition pore in ischaemic preconditioning of myocardium." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/10925.
Full textRideout, Hardy Joseph. "Schwann cell apoptosis in an in vitro model of diabetic neuropathy, mitochondrial dysfunction and the permeability transition pore." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0016/NQ49286.pdf.
Full textRauckhorst, Adam J. "Towards the Regulation and Physiological Role of the Mitochondrial Calcium- Independent Phospholipase A2." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1416930755.
Full textOstrowski, Filip. "Targeted modulation of cardiac energetics via the creatine kinase system." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6c5e7c70-07f0-4a14-ba01-d16e9e8c0d1c.
Full textHuang, Zi L. "Pharmacological Inhibition of Cyclophilin Ameliorates Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis." VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4294.
Full textWang, Zhenyu. "Rôle de l’adénylate cyclase soluble, de phosphodiesterases et d’Epac dans la fonction mitochondriale cardiaque et la mort cellulaire." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS186/document.
Full textCAMP is an important messenger in neurohormonal regulation of the heart. By activating its effectors, cAMP regulates many cellular functions such as gene expression, excitation-contraction coupling and cellular metabolism. In mammals, cAMP is produced by a family of adenylyl cyclase with various subcellular locations and membrane anchorage. The existence and role of cyclic nucleotide signaling in mitochondria has been postulated, but has not yet been demonstrated. Moreover, its implication in the regulation of cell death is still unknown. In this thesis, we demonstrated the local expression of several actors of cAMP signaling within cardiac mitochondria, namely a truncated form of soluble AC (sACt) and the exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 1 (Epac1) and showed a protective role for sACt against cell death, apoptosis as well as necrosis, in primary cardiomyocytes. Upon stimulation with bicarbonate (HCO3-) and Ca2+, sACt produces cAMP, which in turn stimulates oxygen consumption, increased the mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm) and ATP production. cAMP is rate-limiting for matrix Ca2+ entry via the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) and, as a consequence, prevented mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). In addition, in mitochondria isolated from failing rat hearts, stimulation of the mitochondrial cAMP pathway by HCO3- rescued the sensitization of mitochondria to Ca2+-induced MPT. We also found that PDE2, 3 and 4 families are located in cardiac mitochondria. They form a local signaling pathway with soluble AC in the matrix, which regulates cardiac mitochondrial functions. Thus, our study identifies a link between mitochondrial cAMP, mitochondrial metabolism, some PDEs and cell death in the heart, which is independent of cytosolic cAMP signaling. This might constitute a novel cardioprotective mechanism through mitochondrial function preservation in pathophysiological conditions
Uyemura, Valéria Tudella. "Efeito do extrato de \'Tamarindus\' indica L. sobre a transição de permeabilidade de membrana em mitocôndrias isoladas de fígado de rato e atividade antioxidante \'in vitro\'." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/60/60135/tde-16102007-154155/.
Full textTamarindus indica L. is a natural dietary component widely consumed by humans, presenting well established anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-hepatotoxic properties. In addition, as we have previously demonstrated, extract presents hypolipemic and antioxidant activities. We show here the effects of T. indica extract on isolated rat liver mitochondria. In the presence of Ca2+, the extract caused mitochondrial concentration-dependent swelling, associated to, resting respiration increase (V4), membrane potential dissipation and release of pre-accumulated Ca2+, inhibited by cyclosporine A (CsA) and thus ascribable to mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). This swelling induction was prevented by EGTA and ruthenium red, indicating strict dependence of MPT on Ca2+. Oxidation of mitochondrial membrane protein thiols, a well established mechanism causing MPT was detected. However, no significant change was observed in the GSH redox state, and the NADPH oxidation and accumulation of mitochondria-generated reactive oxygen species that was observed, were prevented by CsA and/or EGTA, indicating that they are consequence of the MPT induced by T. indica extract. Therefore, no apparent oxidative stress condition is involved as cause of this process suggesting that direct interaction with membrane protein thiol groups of the compounds responsible for MPT induction occurs. T. indica extract led to MPTassociated ATP depletion, thus showing the potential to cause cell death by apoptosis or necrosis resulting from MPT induction per se or from ATP depletion by MPT. In vitro, the extract presented free radical scavenging ability, as assessed by the 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide radicals and radical hydroxyl assays, and led to decreased lipid peroxidation in mitochondria, as assessed by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay. In addition, the extract showed an iron chelanting property in low concentrations.
Caubère, Céline. "Molecular and functional interactions between apolipoprotein O and caveolin 3 in the heart : implication in the development of metabolic disorder-associated cardiomyopathy." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2755/.
Full textWith the dramatic modification of the lifestyle in the last century, new pandemic public health issues have emerged. The increase in the prevalence of obesity and its strong association with cardiovascular diseases has aroused interest in the understanding of mechanisms linking metabolic disorders and cardiac dysfunctions. It has recently emerged that cardiac altered energy metabolism, lipotoxicity, insulin resistance and mitochondrial alterations are leading causes in the development of metabolic or diabetic cardiomyopathy. Through a functional genomics study aimed at identifying genes differentially regulated in the heart by obesity, we discovered a new apolipoprotein (ApoO) which is also overexpressed in the myocardium from diabetic patients. In attempt to uncover how changes in the expression of this protein relate to modifications of cardiac function, we used cardiac myoblasts, human heart samples a well as cardiac specific transgenic mouse lines constitutively expressing ApoO at physiological levels. We show that ApoO localizes within mitochondria and induces mitochondrial dysfunction in mouse and human heart. ApoO interacts with adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) which is known as mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mtPTP) regulator. This interaction enhances mtPTP opening, thereby inducing "mild uncoupling". Consequently, mitochondrial respiration, oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid metabolism are enhanced. This cascade of events generates a mitochondrial metabolic sink whereby cells accumulate lipids and lipotoxic byproducts leading to apoptosis, loss of cardiac cells and cardiomyopathy, mimicking the metabolic phenotype of the diabetic heart. As a spin-off of these observations, we proposed a model for the original molecular mechanisms accounting for ApoO induced mitochondrial dysfunction and lipotoxicity. Besides, we observed that ApoO expressing cardiomyocytes develop adaptive mechanisms to protect cells from the ApoO-induced excessive oxidative metabolism. As revealed in human auricular heart samples and expression database from human heart ventricles, Caveolin-3 (Cav-3) expression is positively correlated to ApoO levels. Cav-3, the main caveolin isoform in cardiac myocytes, is known to have scaffolding domains that anchor and regulate the function of proteins, thereby modulating a variety of cellular processes. These properties make Cav-3 as an actor for cardiac protection. Interestingly, ApoO-induced metabolic stress, both in mouse heart and in vitro in cardiac cells, leads to a rise in Cav-3 levels and its translocation to mitochondria where it interacts with ApoO, through a direct association between the C-terminal scaffolding domain of Cav-3 and the specific aromatic caveolin binding motif (CBM) of ApoO. Blue native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of mouse heart mitochondrial protein complexes reveals that ApoO and Cav-3 are present in the same macromolecular complex with known mtPTP regulators. We show that ApoO and Cav-3 interaction results in a protective effect through reduction of ApoO-induced mild uncoupling and consequently restoration of coupled respiration and reduction in apoptosis. Site-directed mutagenesis in ApoO CBM domain prevents its interaction with Cav-3 and led to a loss of Cav-3-mediated protection, as reflected by strongly enhanced uncoupling which is considered as one hallmark of mitochondrial dysfunctions. Therefore, the involvement of ApoO and Cav-3 in mitochondrial homeostasis may reveal novel strategies to control pathophysiological situations involving mitochondrial dysfunctions, such as metabolic disorders and cardiomyopathies
Ciminelli, Marc. "The cardioprotective effect of a short-term aerobic exercise program and the mitochondrial permeability transition pore of the Rat." Thèse, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/15451.
Full textCsukly, Kristina. "Skeletal muscle disuse atrophy : implications on intracellular signaling pathways and mitochondrial permeability transition pore function." Thèse, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/15465.
Full textMarcil, Mariannick. "Effet de l'hypertrophie cardiaque physiologique et pathologique sur la régulation du pore de perméabilité transitionnelle." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6472.
Full textMatas, Jimmy. "Implication de la cyclophiline-D et du pore de perméabilité transitionnelle dans la vulnérabilité mitochondriale du coeur hypertrophié." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7732.
Full textAscah, Alexis. "Vulnérabilité cardiaque au stress au cours du remodelage ventriculaire pathologique : rôle de la mitochondrie et du pore de perméabilité transitionnelle (PTP)." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/5233.
Full textThe central objective of this doctoral thesis was to investigate the mitochondrial dysfunction that occurs early during the compensated phase of pathological ventricular remodeling and which may play a causal role in the progression to heart failure. Our previous work using a model of chronic volume overload induced by aorto-caval fistula (ACF) in rats WKHA showed that during the ventricular remodeling, mitochondria developed a vulnerability to permeability transition pore opening (PTP: a key component of cell death signaling) [1]. This was observed at the stage of compensated remodeling in the absence of major mitochondrial dysfunction typically observed in the failing heart. These results led us to suggest that the vulnerability to PTP opening could be a mechanism facilitating the progression of the cardiomyopathy. In our first study of this thesis we have attempted to test this hypothesis by inducing ACF in two strains of rats displaying sharp differences in the propensity to develop heart failure: WKHA strains and Sprague Dawley (SD). Our studies in vitro on isolated organelles and in situ on the whole organ have confirmed that, in the ACF heart, mitochondria develop a vulnerability to PTP opening and activation of mitochondrial cell death when exposed to stresses relevant to the pathology (calcium overload, ischemia-reperfusion [I-R]). However, SD animals compared to WKHA showed a more rapid and pronounced ventricular remodeling and early progression to heart failure, no difference was found between the two groups in terms of mitochondrial dysfunction, suggesting that this is not behind the more rapid progression of the disease in the SD strain, at least in response to volume overload. We subsequently determined, using the same experimental approaches, if this vulnerability was observed in mitochondria of heart disease from other etiology more specifically that associated with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a genetic disease caused by a mutation of the protein dystrophin. Our studies (studies 2-4) on young mdx mice (the mouse model of DMD) free of clinical signs of heart disease showed no difference in basal mitochondrial functions. However, as in the model of ACF, the mitochondria of mdx mice heart were significantly more vulnerable to PTP opening when subjected to I-R (study 2). Furthermore, we demonstrated that acute administration of sildenafil to mdx mice abolished the PTP opening and its signaling consequences, markedly reduced of tissue damage and improved functional recovery following I-R (Study 3). We then tested in mdx mice acute administration of SS31, an antioxidant peptide that targets and accumulates in mitochondria. However, no protective effect was observed, suggesting that the buffering of free radicals have a limited utility if the typical perturbations of the calcium homeostasis in this disease are not treated simultaneously (Study 4). Overall, the work done during this thesis show that the vulnerability to PTP opening is a common and early dysfunction that occurs during pathological ventricular remodeling of different etiologies. Moreover, these studies suggest pharmacological intervention strategies targeting this process, whose effectiveness in preventing heart failure needs to be established.
Hadzimichalis, Norell Melissa. "Acetaminophen-mediated cardioprotection via inhibition of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore-induced apoptotic pathway." 2008. http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.17322.
Full textHuang, Bo-Ru, and 黃柏儒. "Ursolic acid-induced a necrotic death through modulation of mitochondrial permeability transition pore in DBTRG-05MG cells." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/q5g3xz.
Full text國立中興大學
食品暨應用生物科技學系所
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Glioblastoma (GBM), the most common brain tumor in adult, which is characterized by extensive heterogeneity at the cellular and molecular level. Due to the tumor cells posses aggressiveness and an obstacle to the design of effective therapies. Recently, phytochemicals have been widely focused on their chemopreventive activities such as they offered the similar benefits but without higher toxicity than the clinical chemotherapy. In the first part, we initially evaluated the drug resistance by examined the cell viability of six GBM cell lines. The GBM cell line which had vigorous drug resistance was then used to investigate the cell toxicity by treatment with ten phytochemicals. The results showed that DBTRG-05MG cell line was found specifically insensitive in temozolomide treatment. Moreover, ursolic acid (UA) possessed stronger cytotoxicity effect among the ten potential phytochemicals. UA-induced cell death was parallel by a LDH leakage, rapid loss of mitochondria membrane potential and ATP and enhancement of both intracellular ROS and calcium, but it was not through apoptosis and autophagy. These data revealed that UA might induce necrosis in DBTRG-05MG cells. Recently, many studies have indicated that a necroptotic inducer might be considered as an alternative therapy in cancer treatments available. Although necrotic cell death has been regarded as a purely unintended event, the recent findings of multiple instances of regulated necrosis, such as death receptor, calcium-calpain activation, DNA damage and mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening were reported. Moreover, cyclosporin A, an inhibitor of cyclophilin D effectively decreased UA-induced cell death, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP depletion. Cyclophilin D was up-regulated by UA was correlated with the cell viability in DBTRG-05MG cells. These phenomena was mechanistically associated with mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. Taken together, this study demonstrated that induction of mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening could effective induce cell death by UA treatment.
Cheng, Yu [Verfasser]. "Modulation of the activity of the mitochondrial BK-channel and of the permeability transition pore by hypoxia and apoptotic factors / von Yu Cheng." 2010. http://d-nb.info/1003697852/34.
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