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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Porozumění textu'
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1
Doležal, Jan. "Komponent pro sémantické obohacení." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-385991.
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This master's thesis describes Semantic Enrichment Component (SEC), that searches entities (e.g., persons or places) in the input text document and returns information about them. The goals of this component are to create a single interface for named entity recognition tools, to enable parallel document processing, to save memory while using the knowledge base, and to speed up access to its content. To achieve these goals, the output of the named entity recognition tools in the text was specified, the tool for storing the preprocessed knowledge base into the shared memory was implemented, and the client-server scheme was used to create the component.
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Bosáková, Markéta. "Porozumění čtenému textu." Master's thesis, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-273267.
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Psycholingvistická analýza procesu porozumění čtenému textu. Sledování analyzovaných úrovní procesu porozumění u žáků 8. tříd. Vymezení nejčastějších obtíží s porozuměním, sledování úspěšných, neúspěšných strategií a způsobů kompenzace neporozumění při řešení otázek. Kazuistická studie způsobu čtení u žáka s diagnózou dyslexií a u žáka bez dyslexie. Vztah školního prospěchu a schopností porozumění.
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Honková, Tereza. "Funkce inferencí při porozumění textu." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-298177.
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The thesis deals with inferences and their function in text understanding. The theoretical part involve a survey of various definitions of inference, a setting of notions which are related to inferences and at last classification of inferences based on linguistic and psychological literature. The empirical part is based on analysis of cook recipes (and technical instruction partially). We have set five means of language which indicate a necessity of making inference (pronouns, ellipsis, hyponyms-hypernyms relation, pronoun vše and adjectivizated participles) - in all cases these inferences are necessary for comprehension. We confronted these inferences with classification described in the theoretical part. Another inferences we make as the text is read are infereces which are not associated with a concrete means of language: bridging inferences and instrumental inferences. Knowledge of the language, general knowledges and experiences take part in inferencing.
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Benediktová, Diana. "Pracovní návody z hlediska porozumění textu." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-321554.
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The thesis deals with Work Instructions from the Perspective of Text Comprehesion. It gives the description of Work Instructions in general, then focuses on two specific kinds of Instructions - Recipes and Consumer Medicine Information. Information about Vocabulary, Syntactics, Semantics, Coreference and Inferences are involved. There is a research of Text Comprehension in the empirical part of this thesis, it is divided into two parts, one for each kind of Instruction. This thesis draws on findings of Czech and foreign linguists.
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VOLFOVÁ, Lenka. "Porozumění čtenému textu u žáků na 1. stupni ZŠ." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-136541.
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This diploma thesis was called Understanding of reading text on the first level of basic schools. My thesis is focused on reader´s literacy issue, because recently this topic is often discussed. I decided to make a research that is concerned to this problem. The research was carried out on the first level of the basic school in Ledenice. Fifty pupils from five classes were tested. These pupils filled special tests after reading a given text. The goal of carried research was to find out the level of reader´s literacy. At the beginning of my research some hypothesis were set. These hypothesis could be largely confirmed after the research.
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Cimerová, Barbora. "Role ilustrace na porozumění textu LPDM na 1.st.ZŠ." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-354606.
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The aim of this thesis is to explore the region of illustrations in the books for children and youth not only from the illustration itself, but also in the context of the relationship of illustration and text. The theoretical part deals with the development of the illustrations, visual and reading literacy and areas of reading comprehension. It touch upon topics of the maps of learning progress. The thesis bringing the possibilities of work with illustrations in lessons of literature education at primary school. The practical part of the thesis fucuses on the particular teached hours of literary education in the first, third and fifth grade, in which the work with illustrations with the aim of text comprehension is used. Furthermore, the practical part brings a range of other interesting books suitable for similar work in lessons of literary education to the reader. Keywords: Illustration, books for children and youth, reading comprehension, literary education, reading literacy
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Hájková, Veronika. "Porozumění digitálnímu versus tištěnému textu u žáků 9. tříd na základních školách." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-357884.
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v anglickém jazyce Title: How the students of the 9th grades of elementary schools understand the digital versions of texts comparing to the printed ones. Goal: The dissertation aims at drawing the comparaison between the digital and the printed versions of the identical materials. The research was held in a number of selected schools. The materials were presented via personal computers, tablet personal computers and in printed versions. Our goal is to determine the differences among all the three kinds of media in terms of understanding the presented texts. Procedure: The essay is primarily based on the historical and the present days research of comprehensive reading. It also follows the bachelor essay written in 2014. Output: The theoretical processing of basic terms and the review of both the previous and the latest outcomes of the scientific literature. The most important part of the essay were focus on the research and the subsequent assessment of the findings. The research itself was preceded by a pre - research. The essay included the qualitative research which was reached through one of the comprehension test methods. The students were provided with the questionnaire comprising questions. The text was distributed both in the digital and in the printed versions.
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Kubíková, Adéla. "Porozumění textu u žáků mladšího školního věku - hlasité čtení versus poslech." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-386902.
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The main aim of the thesis are the mapping the level of understanding narrative text for student of fifth grade primary school with the typical development of reading skills. The thesis deal with the relationship between listening comprehension and reading comprehension. The thesis is traditionally divided into a theoretical and empirical part. The first part of the thesis prestnts the theoretical background research problems of comprehension the text. Attention is focused mainly on the domain of listening comprehension and reading comprehension, including a summary of the current state of knowledge about the relationship between both skills in foreign and Czech studies, as well as the diagnostics of reading and prerequisites that are reflected on the comprehensions the text. In the practical part are conclusions expected on its own research, which was attended by 40 students taught by the analytic-synthetic metod of reading, are compared with the results of the three year research project GAČR - Reading complrehension - typical development and its risks, where attended 59 students of fifth grade primary school taught by the same reading method. In addition to comprehension level will be monitored by level of basic language skills.
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Richterová, Kristýna. "Práce s ilustrací v mateřské škole jako podpora porozumění předčítanému textu." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-397099.
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This diploma thesis deals with the topic of work with illustration in kindergarten as support to understanding a text that is read aloud. The aim is to design and verify methods of working with illustrations in kindergarten that support the understanding of a text that is read aloud to preschool children. In the theoretical part of the thesis, I deal with illustration, visual literacy, method of working with a book, understanding a text (read aloud) and the characteristics of preschool children with regard to the topic of the thesis. Subsequently, I apply this knowledge in the practical implementations. In the practical part, I propose and verify methods of working with illustration in kindergarten which should support the understanding of a text that is read aloud to preschool children. The thesis is focused on qualitative research in which I compared differences between research and experimental group sample. First, I tested the level of skill of all twenty children when working with illustrations and understanding of a text read aloud (both research and experimental group samples). Then I put together seven preparations where I focused on the development of reading strategies and I supported the children in the understanding of the text read aloud on the basis of selected expected outcomes...
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Macibobová, Edita. "Kladení otázek jako podpora porozumění předčítanému textu u dětí předškolního věku." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-330765.
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This dissertation deals with the issue of reading skills of pre-school aged children, their abilities to understand the text being read out to them and answer the questions related to the text meaningfully, but also to ask individual questions. It addresses a possible usage of some methods of critical thinking for this age group in the field of nursery schools. The dissertation is based on the fact that the role of the pre-school education is irreplaceable in this respect. The theoretical part concentrates on the problems related to answering the questions and asking them, on the development of cognitive processes and speech, growth of self- confidence and self-assurance as an important precondition for a pre-school child's expressing and the creation of a positive pedagogical communication in the class. It offers opportunities to use some methods of the programme called " By Reading and Writing to Critical Thinking " (RWCT) at nursery schools. The practical part of this dissertation introduces a programme based on working with the texts of different genres intended for the pre-school age. In individual lessons it is verified whether the chosen methods from the RWCT programme are suitable and if the questions asked, and the request for asking them, correspond to the abilities of pre-school aged...
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Rybárová, Eva. "Čtenářské strategie jako podpora porozumění předčítanému textu u dětí předškolního věku." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-342043.
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The aim of the study was to demonstrate that the reading strategies can be applied even for the preschool children. These strategies help children to understand the text read out aloud. In the theoretical part I am devoted to define the concept of pre-reading literacy, its connection with critical thinking and introducing the program Reading and Writing for Critical Thinking. I also clarified the relationship between reading skills and reading strategies, approached selected reading strategies and possible methods for their development. In conclusion of the theoretical part I outlined some of the strategies that might be suitable for working with preschool children. In the practical part I focused on the acquisition of individual strategies for preschool children, for the exact strategies: connecting (text to self, text to text, text to world), visualizing, predicting, reasoning, summarizing and questioning. Each of them I presented on concrete examples. I also proposed an integrated project involving work with these strategies, which I realized and then analysed. Based on the results of research, I have concluded that preschool children can work very well with these strategies, while indicating that these significantly contribute to the comprehension of the text of preschool children. Keywords:...
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Ištván, Marcel. "Aplikace textovo-optimalizačních technik a jejich vliv na adekvátní pochopení textu." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-267792.
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This dissertation describes a research aimed at finding text-optimization techniques which would increase the comprehension and better the attitudes of the readers towards the text. The aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of these techniques considering the possibility of implementation into the text-production process of state and commercial institutions. The theoretical basis for text comprehension is the construction of mental representations of the text. Many factors, internal and external, can influence the construction of a correct mental representation of the text. This thesis researches the factors of text quality and attitudes towards the text. Effects of the same text manipulations of Slovak and Dutch texts were observed in three language groups. These were: a group of Slovak native speakers, Dutch native speakers and people who learned Dutch as a foreign language. For this research two texts were selected, namely the instructions provided with the tax declaration form and an instruction manual provided with a digital camera. Parts of the texts were optimized and rewritten into two variants. The first variant is based on the principle of rewriting the text into a dialogue. The instructions for such transformation can be summarized into three points. This approach should be usable for not...
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Zyklová, Petra. ""Co se děje pod zemí" aneb Projekt na rozvoj souvislého vyjadřování a podporu porozumění předčítanému textu dětí předškolního věku." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-356459.
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This master's thesis deals with the development of a coherent expression and understanding of read out text by pre-school age children. Theoretical part is focused on a speech development, coherent expression, reading pre-literacy, fairytales and a topic of asking questions. This work also includes the characteristics of a pre-school education and environmental care issues. Furthermore this work defines important knowledge from the General educational programme for preschool education, from which was a practical part preparation based on. Its goal was to design a development of coherent expression and understanding of read out text project, connected with the "What happens under the ground" topic, design particular lessons, implement them in a general kindergarten, reflect its realization and suggest recommendation for practice. Importance of a kindergarten teacher role was confirmed, because he or she is for children speaking idol. Involvement of parents into the project seems as very beneficial - for family relationship, reading pre-literacy and coherent expression children development. Moreover children during the project realization improved their ability to answer higher cognitive difficulty questions.
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Piskáčková, Klára. "Vnímání textu z tištěné předlohy a obrazovky." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-352676.
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(in English): This thesis is conceived as a metareview of research on differences in perception, understanding and retention of text on various display media. It summarizes the results of the most interesting and most relevant research on this topic conducted since the 80s to the present. Even though it is difficult to summarize the results of individual studies, mainly because of differences in research methodology and differently chosen tested samples, we can say that the main finding of this metareview is that display technologies that are available these days have no negative effect on eye fatigue, reading speed, perception, understanding or retention of text. Theoretical part of this thesis is followed by practical part that consists of three short experiments performed on a small sample of participants. First of those experiments studies differences in reading comprehension and retention among high school students, second experiment focuses on differences in reading speed on different media and subjective evaluation of eye fatigue, and the third experiment is an online form about subjective preferences of study materials among learners.
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Waldaufová, Petra. "Čtenářské kostky a jejich role v rozvoji čtenářské pregramotnosti." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-388369.
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This thesis focuses on work with reading cubes and with game named Story Cubes. It deals with possibilities how to use it to support reading literacy, understanding of text and speech development of pre-school children. The theoretical part first introduces characteristics of preschool children and describes reading literacy development in preschool age. Then it deals with principles of work with reading cubes and Story Cubes and with possibilities to use it in kindergarten. The thesis also includes a practical part which suggests other usage options for reading cubes. There are created specific lessons with reading cubes for preschool children, which follow the rules and recommendations mentioned in the theoretical part. These lessons were repeatedly implemented at kindergarten to be able to observe reading literacy development of each child in time. The hypothesis that preschool children can use selected reading strategies while working with reading cubes, and at the same time, these readership activities support the interest of children in books and related activities, proved to be correct. These children also expanded their vocabulary and improved expressing abilities through Story Cubes activities. KEYWORDS reading pre-literacy, reading cubes, Story Cubes, pre-school education, kindergarten
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Horáková, Barbora. "Podpora čtenářství u žáků s dyslexií na druhém stupni základní školy." Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-436432.
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This diploma thesis deals with the issue of reading of the pupils with dyslexia and the possible support. It is focused on the methods of support and the strategies used by their teachers to develop reading of dyslectic pupils. In the first part, there is a theoretical definition of dyslexia, distinctive features of this diagnosis, diagnostic and education of dyslectic pupils. Further, reading is discussed from a theoretical viewpoint. These two aspects are interconnected and other factors like teaching, the teacher or the personality of the child come in. Then we deal with the methods that can help to improve the level of reading. The fundamental part is dedicated to the methods used for the support and positive influence on dyslectic pupils' reading. The thesis offers suggestions and inspiration for future and current teachers how to approximate reading to their dyslectic pupils. It also deals with some problems occurring in the profession. The aim of this diploma thesis was to learn what strategies teachers in lower- secondary schools use to develop reading literacy of their pupils with dyslexia. In the research, the qualitative method was applied and structured interviews with the lower-secondary teachers experienced in education of dyslectic children were utilized to get information. Research...
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Hlinovská, Lenka. "Rozvoj čtenářské gramotnosti na 1.stupni ZŠ napříč vyučovacími předměty." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-340492.
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In my thesis is focused on the development of the reading literacy to primary school across the curriculum. The aim of my thesis is to explore the possibilities of development of the reading literacy in all school subjects and across them and identify or solve the obstacles in the process. In the individual chapters of the theoretical part it defines the key terms literacy, reading literacy, school subjects and reading. I am trying to present reading literacy as a means to understand the various relationships between the general phenomena and as an input to various educational fields. It presents here the different methods specific to the development of the reading literacy. In the practical part deals with the development of the reading literacy across the curriculum and across them. The focus is mainly on subjects czech language and literature, mathematics, man and his world, art and music. The practical part consists of two parts. The first part contains processed responses of teachers from the survey and the second part contains the results of the work of pupils from the learning process. The practical part of my thesis provides a variety of examples from practice to the development of the reading literacy across the curriculum. Further, there are the possibilities of the development of the...
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Richterová, Eva. "Počáteční vývoj čtenářských dovedností u dětí s vývojovou dysfázií." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-404630.
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Eva Richterová - Early reading skills development in children with specific language impairment This study investigated the development of early reading skills in children with specific language impairment within a psycholinguistic framework. The investigation is based on theories concerning linguistic and cognitive skills which play a crucial role in the development of reading skills. This approach is utilized to identify groups which are at risk of difficulties in literacy acquisition as a result of language impairment. Theoretical background of reading development in children with SLI is presented, in addition to current knowledge about the relationship between language and reading skills. Studies on SLI highlight the need of longitudinal investigations, which enable better understanding of the relationship between literacy development and preliteracy skills. The aim of the study was to provide a systematic description of the reading skills development in children with SLI from first to fourth Grade. A group of 25 children with SLI was repeatedly investigated in terms of their reading skills (decoding and reading comprehension) and preliteracy skills. Assessment of language and cognitive skills was also carried out and involved phonological awareness, rapid authomatised naming, and letter...
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Stará, Kristýna. "Úprava textu pro čtení s porozuměním u žáků se sluchovým postižením." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-344334.
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The work focuses on the problems of hearing impaired pupils, their education, describing teaching methods and editing texts for reading comprehension. The practical part was the presentation of texts in four genres, namely short stories, drama, poetry and scholarly article, verifying understanding of one of the selected modified texts in one classroom at an elementary school in Ječná and based on this experience, further develop the methodological process of creating these texts. Method of work was to analyze the available literature, further observations in the sample lesson of Czech language and literature at the end was to verify understanding through inspection questionnaire with open questions. Based on this verification, it was found that the adjusted texts help pupils better in the text or characters or navigate example to understand complex sentence parts units. But verification must be performed in several ways. Unable to rely on regular testing for pupils with hearing people using open questions. Neither the texts modified are not always definitive and must continue to work with them, as for every pupil must be treated individually. KEYWORDS hearing impairment, reading, education, text editing, testing of pupils
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Sigmundová, Alena. "Čtení s porozuměním jako předpoklad úspěšné strategie řešení slovních úloh v matematice." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-408501.
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Reading comprehension as a prerequisite for successful strategy of word problems solving in mathematics DISSERTATION Mgr. Alena Sigmundová ABSTRACT The dissertation describes the results of an interdisciplinary research study examining the linguistic aspects of word problems in mathematics and the connection between comprehension of the text of word problems and the success of their solution. In the introduction the research is set into the framework of theoretical bases: the term word problem in mathematics and the concept of reading comprehension, including factors influencing the understanding of the text are characterized and the results of previous research studies are described. Subsequently the work presents a methodology, course and results of testing of pupils in three pilot studies and in the main survey and the conclusions from the semi-structured interviews. The research is based on the linguistic analysis of 18 word problems with low solution success, taken from international research surveys PISA 2012 and TIMSS 2007, as well as on the level of comprehension of the text of these tasks in the 8th and 9th grade primary schools, modifying selected language phenomena and detecting the effect of these reformulations. 773 pupils from 13 elementary schools participated in the research. The study...
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Ružbacká, Jana. "Čtení s porozuměním českých textů žáků cizinců v úrovni A1." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-340914.
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This master theses deals with certain aspects of Czech as foreign language. It comprises of 2 parts. The first one is theoretical background and explains key concepts as e.g. migration, foreign pupil in czech school, teaching of foreign pupils, reading comprehension, characteristic of level A1 according to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. It introduces European language portfolio and vocabulary for level A1. The second part is focused on field research that was realised at primary school in Prague. For this qualitative research were chosen 10 pupils from Slavic and Non-Slavic countries. The aim of this research was gaining of compact information about chosen pupils by analysing their individual educational plan, interviews with pupils, teachers and headmaster, analysing their tests and observation. The reseach was concentrated on reading comprehension. 3 different texts were made. One from them was made according to vocabulary for level A1. The other texts were text from textbook and it's simplified version. Each text had a few questions that pupils had to answer. The results of two texts were compared and commented. We cannot say that if pupil is longer time in Czech environment, he or she has better command of Czech language. Comparison of two types of texts did not bring...
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Vrňáková, Alena. "Četba naučných textů na 1. stupni ZŠ a aktivity na podporu četby." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-329772.
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TITLE: Reading educational texts in primary school and activities for promoting reading AUTHOR: Alena Vrňáková DEPARTMENT: Czech Literature Department SUPERVISOR: PhDr. Ondřej Hausenblas ABSTRACT: The aim of this thesis is to examine reading literacy and development of critical thinking skills during the teaching of educational texts. In this context I refer to the concept of the subject's reading literacy in relation to RVP ZV and to suitable conditions for developing one's literary ability. I also speak of the basic motivational principles of teaching, such as teacher's personality, goals and rules of active teaching. I also emphasis how one can achieve a better understanding of the given texts while reading them and provide a summary of teaching methods specificaly designed for the development of critical thinking. In practice I focused on the creation of a sufficient number of teaching materials of educational texts processed by methods of critical thinking and a model of learning EUR and on testing the efectiveness of these materials in the classroom. A part of this verification included monitoring ten pupils in their fourth year at the primary school Vrchotovy Janovice, where I work. KEYWORDS: Educational texts, reading, literacy, understanding, development of reading ability
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Vaněčková, Lucie. "Vizualizace textu jako prostředek ke zlepšení dovednosti čtení s porozuměním u žáků s odlišným mateřským jazykem na 1. stupni ZŠ." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-387104.
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In my diploma thesis I am dealing with the problematics of reading comprehension by children with a different mother tongue (immigrant children) at the elementary school. I point out the importance of visualization in the learning process and various forms of graphic text visualizations which help the children to comprehend and adopt the syllabus. I specifically concentrate on texts in the subjects Science and History which are demanding for immigrant children, mainly because of a high number of special words and information. In the theoretical part I give brief information about the education of immigrant children at Czech schools, their problems in the Czech language, reading comprehension, the visualization and the possibilities of graphic visualizations. In the practical part I decided to use a qualitative survey, namely the method of the case study. I use the method of participant observation and in-depth interviews with the teacher and the student who I create for the special worksheets based on principle of graphic visualization and I monitor and examine their progress in adopting the vocabulary and discussed syllabus. The aim of my thesis is to map the forms of text visualizations, to use them appropriately when creating the working sheets, to incorporate them into the training of reading...
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Makovská, Lenka. "Rozumí neslyšící žáci učebním textům?" Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-329586.
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This thesis is focused on learning texts reading comprehension of pupils in primary schools for hearing impairment pupils in comparison with primary schools pupils of mainstream education, in connection with the textbooks. The whole issue is put into the theoretical framework of reading literacy and teaching texts information. Specifically, there is a reading literacy in the concept of international studies, and also a brief overview of the findings drawn from the textbooks, their functions, research, evaluation and comparison. The comparison of the concept of primary school textbooks for the hearing impaired with textbooks for mainstream schools through standardized assessment tools is included too. In this thesis, there is a research of learning texts comprehension for pupils from 3rd to 9th (or 10th) years of primary schools for the hearing impaired and analogous grades of primary school pupils of mainstream education. The research design is based on Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS), one part of this research is translated into Czech sign language.
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Pelková, Radomíra. "Práce s knihou Jiřího Stránského Povídačky pro Klárku v mateřské škole." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-305556.
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The thesis deals with the possibilities of developing emergent literacy, especially story comprehension, with preschool children using selected methods of critical thinking. The theoretical part is devoted to the ways of developing passion for reading and reading literacy in preschool education, it pursues the possibilities of using some of the methods of the RWCT programme (Reading and Writing for Critical Thinking) in working with books in the educational process of the kindergarten. It further describes the development of chidren of preschool age and reading strategies that can already be cultivated at this age. The practical part describes the project Working with Jiří Stránský's book Tales for little Clara that is based on didactic application of its texts intended for preschoolers. The project makes use of selected methods of the RWCT programme. Research using the method of structured interview finds out how methods of critical thinking can influence story comprehension among five-year-old children. It evaluates and interprets the findings from the beginning and the end of the project implementation, compares the determined levels of story comprehension in a group of girls and in a group of boys. The outcomes of the research show a considerable improvement of comprehension following the...
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Pokorná, Anna. "Rozvoj čtenářství pomocí poezie na 1. stupni ZŠ." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-325499.
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The goal of this Master's thesis was to support the development of the practice of reading and literacy especially of students of the lower primary school by my own and verified methods. I have observed the development of the children's relationship to reading and their reading skill as long as there was focus on reading and further activity with poems in class in lower primary school. I have also observed the extent, to which is reading of poems and activities related to it supported by reading books, how students work with the text and what they learn by this work. My thesis has among other activities focused on the necessity and contribution of children's recital a dramatization of poetry. I have worked with children from 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 5thgrades of elementary school and also from the 1st grade of 8-year high school, within the scope of literature class, a so-called reading class, within the scope of literary - dramatical branch of art elementary school and drama in education. On the basis of this thesis I can state that working with poetry has significance for a discovery or an establishment of a relationship to reading and understanding of a text for students of the afore mentioned classes. The children have gained an experience with methods, leading to the mentioned objectives; they have...
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PARÝZKOVÁ, Michaela. "Rozvoj čtenářských dovedností v anglickém jazyce na 2. stupni základních škol (ve vztahu k rozvoji čtenářských dovedností v mateřském jazyce)." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-175053.
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The diploma thesis Developing Reading Skills in English in Lower Secondary School Pupils (in relation to the development of reading skills in their mother tongue) is focused on the possible ways how to develop reading skills in English and Czech language teaching by means of the coursebooks which are used at lower secondary schools. In the theoretical part there is a description of the reading skills in terms of reading literacy from the theoretical point of view. There is also a description of different kinds of reading strategies and reading purposes. These two aspects lead to reading with comprehension, which is one of the most important part of reading literacy in both languages. There are also described several types of methods and exercises that lead to development of reading skills. At the end of the theoretical part there are mentioned two types of international studies PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) and PIRLS. PISA assesses three key areas of knowledge and skills: reading, mathematical and science literacy in 15-year-old students. In the practical part there is a description of several types of texts, questions and reading skills that are included in the PISA study. I used the discriptions when analyzing texts, questions and reading skills in the coursebooks for the particular class. The main aim of this diploma thesis is to discover if it is possible to use the contents of the real coursebooks used in the eighth grade at lower secondary schools for developing reading skills that are examined in PISA and if the same techniques are used for developing reading skills in both languages if we know that it is possible and even reading in the foreign language is easier when we can transfer our reading skills from one language to another.
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Majerová, Radka. "Lingvistika ve speciální pedagogice." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-353603.
Full textAbstract:
Lingvistika je představena v aplikaci na řešení obtíží u lidí s jazykovým hendikepem, kteří se nacházejí ve speciálně pedagogickém prostředí. Ve výzkumu a rehabilitaci jazykových symptomů se nazývá klinickou lingvistikou. Klinická lingvistika kooperuje v multidisciplinárním kontextu s psycholingvistikou a neurolingvistikou. Práce nastiňuje potřebnost klinické lingvistiky také v českém měřítku. Je analyzována diagnóza vývojová anartrie u celoživotně nemluvících lidí s dětskou mozkovou obrnou. Vývojová anartrie je dosti častou diagnózou ve speciálním školství. Vyjevuje se její nedostatečný popis klinickou logopedií a potřeba její analýzy z klinicko-lingvistického hlediska. U vývojové anartrie je odhaleno druhotné narušení jazykových funkcí, sekundární dysfázie. Sekundární dysfázie u vývojové anartrie se manifestuje na všech jazykových rovinách, práce tuto manifestaci ukazuje. Inteligentní lidé s vývojovou anartrií se ocitají v situaci pozdní akvizice mateřského jazyka, který produkčně uchopují pouze ve formě psané řeči. Mají dílčí percepční obtíže. Fatální nemožnost mluvené produkce jim zapříčiňuje subvokální vnitřně řečový deficit. Je diskutován potenciál těchto lidí osvojovat jazyk v procesu pozdní akvizice, diskuze je uvedena v kontextu světového výzkumu o otázkách maturace a kritických period....