Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ports – Aspect environnemental – Maroc'
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Charrouf, Latifa. "Les problèmes d'ensablement des ports marocains sur la façade atlantique : leur impact sédimentologique sur le littoral." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112205.
Full textThe Moroccan ports of the Atlantic Ocean and notably those existing on the South of Cape Cantin, where the littoral drift from North to South varies from 250. 000 to 800. 000 m³/year, have important accretion problems. The majority of those structures have been studied on mobile bed physical models and were followed by a study of their sedimentary evolutions, done on location. After having summarized natural geological, meteorological, oceanographical and sedimentological phenomena along the shoreline this thesis paper provides comparations between the model predictions and on-site observations and illustrates the different perturbations that coastal structures can make on littoral sediment equilibrum. The examples show particularly the influence of various types of sedimentary evolutions, suchas : - coastal structures implantation depth ; - formation of sand spit and tombolos - sand accumulation around structures - evolution of bars - sediment transport created by the disposition of certain breakwaters. This paper also provides some solutions that will likely reduce the accretion problems faced and the sedimentological impact of coastal structures on the shoreline
Najih, Nabil. "Le régime de gestion et d'exploitation portuaire au Maroc : étude des aspects juridique {s] et économiques[s] des ports de commerce." Perpignan, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PERP0862.
Full textSince 1980, the port institutions are subject to a profound reform. The process of liberalization and privatization and the development of new forms of partnership have changed relations between public and private actors and transformed the institutional management of ports. The reform of Moroccan ports is part of this global dynamic. The Moroccan legislature, through law 15-02 on the seaports, confirms this trend without going back as long as state intervention. The aim would be to integrate legal requirements in the existing management structures
Abbes, Souhir. "Tarification au coût marginal social des infrastructures et des services portuaires : modélisation et méthodologies d'estimation." Nantes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NANT4011.
Full textThe transportation sector is one of the most involved sectors in environmental problems. Therefore, the European Commission advocate, in several papers (White Paper, 1998; Green Paper, 1997), to adopt the marginal social cost pricing taking into account both private (operational costs) and external costs (environmental, congestion and accident costs). The major motivations behind this pricing policy are to improve efficiency and to allow the sector to be developed in a sustainable way. Seaports are also concerned by this pricing approach. However, the economic theory doesn't offer all necessary tools to the evaluation of short-run marginal social costs in seaports. The purpose of this thesis is to palliate this theoretical gap. Thus, we propose theoretical and econometric models permitting to determine operational marginal costs as well as external marginal costs of accidents, atmospheric and noise pollution, and congestion costs in the seaport of Saint-Brieuc. We were based, in particular, on the models developed for the road transport (Jansson, 1994; Lamure, 1990) and on the assumptions commonly retained in port economics
El, Amili Omar. "Les déterminants de la consommation socialement responsable : une application au cas du consommateur marocain." Corte, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CORT0005.
Full textThe concept of Socially Responsible Consumption (SRC) means to include social and environmental criteria in its purchases. This thesis aims to answer two fundamental research questions : (1) what are the social and environmental concerns of Maroccan consumers ? (2) what are the individual determinants of SRC ? To answer to the first question, we have built a new measuring scale of SRC including contingency factors specific to the context of Marocco. To answer to the second research question we tested a set of hypothesis about the predictive role of socio-demographic status and the role of religiosity regarding SRC
Ohresser-Oppenhauser, Céline. "La conception préliminaire d’aménagement portuaire en milieux écologiquement sensibles." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/OHRESSER-OPPENHAUSER_Celine_2010.pdf.
Full textIndustrialized societies need to change some practices in order to make an answers to environmental changes. Also, the research aims to develop an appropriate answers to the challenges. The thesis focuses on necessary évolution of practices in landscape planning, and more specially for French Rhine port projects. Territory impacting by the project has the particularity to be both strategic for the economic’s development, and both strategic for the survival of local ecosystems. That’s why is interessed on actors capacities to re-engineer the system of project, be able to open the decision-making system. The hypothèses is that introduce gouvernance practices for environmental project, its a good way to be innovative in the search for solutions. The particulary of research is the approach : the planning project design is considering like a project system. Indeed, project system consists of relations and interrelations between actors. Each agent tries to realese his own benefit : - region's economic development is a goal to the local stakeholders project system ; - protect ecosystems is a goal to environment defenders. In fact, landscape planning is subject to conflicts between stakeholders, result comes from a compromise process. In mind, civil society, through the Community institutions, states, local communities, associations, projects into the defense of its environmental conditions and impact multiple scales. In form, the preservation of the environment resulted in the emergence of new legislative elements essential for the implementation of infrastructure projects. The thesis is built in response to a question from the manager of fluvialnetworks in France (VNF). VNF’s based on the paradox how to both develop alternative transport to the road, and both protect ecosystem river. The terrain of the study is that of port extensions on the Rhine in its French part, especially on alluvial ecosystems presented as the last in Europe. The Rhine is considering as an anthropo-ecological system, he is composed of subsystems, each one communicating and exchanging information only in terms of project. Originality of the research is twice : it considers the project as a system capable of évolution, it explores the relationship between ideals and objectives prebuilt solutions That’s why it proposes to focus the preliminary design stage, as a resource, consisting of Tools, to resolve conflicts between stakeholders and conflicting objectives. Specifically, the thesis was the proposal of a preliminary design process enriched the system development project, which determines the process of adding an additional stage project
Hamiche, M'Hamed. "Chemin de fer, aménagement de l'espace et développement économique au Maroc." Tours, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOUR1501.
Full textKadiri, Kaouakib Khadija. "Environnement et aménagement urbain : Problématique d'une approche marocaine." Nice, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985NICE0041.
Full textRherrousse, Fouzi. "Le droit des eaux au Maroc." Paris 13, 2011. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/ederasme_th_2011_rherrousse.pdf.
Full textThe regulation of water policy choices related to the ownership of waters of legal policy to follow regarding the sources of traditional rights. Morocco has chosen the state-owned water. He expressed his commitment to the protection of the resources and to French law. Indeed, the vision of the Empire hydraulic Sherifian does not differ from that preached the Kingdom of Morocco. The French law remains a source of inspiration for the Moroccan legislature. Traditional sources of law that is Islamic law and customary law resists including through their roots in society in general and in particular peasant society and offers an alternative to positive law
Loulidi, Souad. "Les barrages et l'environnement au Maroc : aspects juridiques." Paris 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA020130.
Full textDams in Morocco are a privileged means for water management. They are also an instrument of development securing several benefits through the domestication and the management of a valuable resource. However, their impact on the environment cannot be neglected. Despite a recent preoccupation, its importance is nevertheless a major one because it conditions the accomplishment of the objectives and even the benefit of these works. In which judicial and institutional frames has the building of dams been undertaken? What are the judicial aspects and their repercussions on the environment, and what could be the role of the law in preventing this impact and controlling a posteriori the damages they cause? These are the questions to which the present study intends to provide an answer. The first part analyses the normative plurality, which characterises water law and retraces its evolution, which has been preliminary to the building of dams (chapter1). It also presents the role of the competent administrations in matters of construction and their action in the exploitation of these works (chapter 2). The second part examines the repercussions of dams on the environment and their judicial consideration. It highlights, on the one hand, the disturbances, which these works might cause in the sites to which they are attached (chapter 1). On the other hand, it describes the gaps in the Moroccan environmental law as far as prevention and reparation are concerned, indicating the perspectives for the expansion of this law (chapter 2)
Mouabid, Jaouad. "L'espace littoral entre El Jadida et Safi (Maroc) : développement des activités économiques et conséquences écologiques." Bordeaux 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR30002.
Full textDeprez, Samuel. "Évaluation des impacts environnementaux du transport routier de marchandises : application aux zones urbano-portuaires." Le Havre, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LEHA0021.
Full textRoad freight has a major role in all cities but it actively contributes to the problems of air pollution and noise disturbances, both causing suffering city dwellers. So this research takes into account the activity and its implications upon the quality of life of the inhabitants of Le Havre and Rouen. The first part will reveal a solid link between the roles played by specific part of these cities and the organization of freight and underline the importance of specialized economic functions. The latter constitutes a necessary introduction to make an environmental impact study of this activity. This second part is dealt with through the constitution of indicators of sustainable development, derived from a combination of information about noise disturbance and air pollution. The use of theses indicators highlights situations in which city dwellers are exposed to harmful effects which degrade their health. The results of this study enable us to branch out towards the idea of sustainable city by examining trade flow in the project of the reinforcement of the multi-purpose city in its social and functional aspects as future organization for urban centers
Guerlet, Grégory. "La gestion des ports par une entite publique : aspects européens et environnementaux." Phd thesis, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00983306.
Full textDavid, Delcroix Valérie. "Dynamique des villes portuaires de la façade cantabrique : Avilés, Gijón, Santander, Bilbao et Pasajes." Bordeaux 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR30006.
Full textThe cantabrian coast streches from the rio eo to the bidassoa marking respectively the fronteer with galicia in the west and with the french basque region in the east. The cantabrian ports strech along these 700 kilometres of coast and are separated from the inland spain by the cantabrian cordillera. Along the centuries, these cities have organized and developped economic links with northern europeans cities. In the past, these trading ports concentrated on shipping, exporting mainly castillan wool. Little by little, they also started to take up mining, notably during the second half of the nineteenth century by exporting iron core to great britain. Nowadays, the cantabrian ports are wale equiped with essential assets which will enable them to take a leading role in the communication network and in the world of transport. The ports need to offer their customers links which will further traffic diversification. By developping links with other major ports on the atlantic coast they take on an active part in the will to create an european sphere of influence in the west at a time when eastern european countries are applying for membership of the european union. It is nevertheless important to acknoledge that as we are apporching the twenty first century the landscape around the cantabrian ports is scarred by a century of industrialisation. The now obsolete mining and chemical complexes are parts of the landscape. The rias cities and towns are faced with severe pollution problems. The central location of the industrial and coastal waste lands enables cities, notably the main ones like bilbao to undertake ambitions town planning. Smaller towns undertake smaller more specific projects. The interface between city and port witnesses this nex planning which aimq at improving communication and conviviality. Amongst the cantabrian ports bilbao has the largest industrial and coastal waste land. The nervion ria banks are the centre of ambitious projects. The ultimate ambition being to develop bilbao in order for it to become the most important trading port on the atlantic coast
El, Haji Mounia. "Etude des propriétés physico-chimiques des eaux de bassins et de leurs influences sur certains phénomène biologiques : cas du Port du Havre." Le Havre, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LEHA0018.
Full textBel, Hadj Ali Imen. "Contribution à l'étude des sédiments marins tunisiens : cas des ports de Radès et de Gabès." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00957865.
Full textLo, Prete Mariantonia. "Port de commerce et environnement, une relation en évolution : ce que nous apprennent les recours contentieux dans les ports français et italiens en mer Méditerranée." Thesis, Paris Est, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PEST1178.
Full textPorts are inevitably the site of litigation born out of environmental issues. Our research aims to understand how the environment is taken into account in port development. For that purpose, we analysed litigation where public and private players went to court over environmental issues. To do so, we created a method based on a geo-law grid that we used to read and analyse judgements on environmental issues linked to ports, and to grasp the variety of characteristics of these judgements on which we can base a quantitative and qualitative analysis. Our thesis is unique in using a legal approach to study port development. Using the prism of litigation provides valuable information to understand the relationships between private and public players involved in the development of ports as they face environmental issues. As a contribution to this purpose, we provide profiles of how the environment has been taken into account in port development. These port profiles can help us better understand new environmental disputes, and help us find better ways to take the environment into account in port development
Detriche, Sébastien. "Evolution d'un système lacustre karstique au cours de la période historique d'après l'étude des archives sédimentaires : la dayet Afourgagh (Moyen Atlas, Maroc)." Tours, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOUR4038.
Full textLake Afourgagh is a karstic groundwater fed lake located in the Liasic dolomites of the Middle-Atlas (Morocco) which shows a fall of water level during the last three decades because of recurrent droughts and human impact. The evolution of this system allow asking the following questions: has the lake experienced such perturbations during the last 2500 years? If yes, were they linked to climate and/or to human activities? This work was initiated in order to answer these questions. For that, it is necessary to reconstruct the lacustrine palaeoenvironments using the lacustrine archives. A multi-proxy study (deposit geometry, facies characterisation, radiocarbon chronology) has been initiated in order to establish a model of the lake evolution during the last 2500 years and to propose some potential palaeoclimatic fluctuations
Essabri, Noureddine. "Représentations, agir et justifications du développement durable chez les dirigeants de PME : le cas des dirigeants de riads maisons d'hôtes à Marrakech." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CNAM1152/document.
Full textThe objective of the research is the interpretation of the action of SME managers in the face of sustainable development. Then, interpretation is considered by this research as a dialectical process between explanation and comprehension. To explain the action, we chose the theory of social representations and to understand it, we opted for the theory of the economy of quantities. The research problematic seeks to analyze the links between representation, action and the justification of sustainable development among the riads' leaders in Marrakech. The results obtained show the existence of an ecological city and confirms the difficulties of sustainable development to present itself as an order of justification of the action
Delile, Hugo. "Signatures des paléo-pollutions et des paléo-environnements dans les archives sédimentaires des ports antiques de Rome et d’Éphèse." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20065/document.
Full textRome and Ephesus are two iconic harbor cities of the ancient Mediterranean; the first was the center of the Roman Empire and the second became the Roman capital of Asia Minor at the end of the 1st c. BC. The economic and commercial influence of these two ports in the Mediterranean depended heavily on their harbor systems. The aim of this study is to discern the economic development of Rome and Ephesus from the geochemical signals of the pollution they were exposed to. To this end, we drilled cores through the sedimentary archives of the two ancient harbors and measured major and trace element concentrations and Pb isotope compositions. Both harbors were subject to delta progradation, Rome by the Tiber and Ephesus by the Caÿster, which changed the aquatic environments from being initially open and well oxygenated to becoming closed and anoxic. The harbor basins finally shut down for shipping when an epilimnic system came into place due to too shallow a depth of the water column. Although changing environmental conditions and multiple dredgings appear to have altered some parts of the geochemical record, the pollution levels of lead quite accurately reflect the state of the economic health of Rome and Ephesus, which evolved the most during periods of prosperity and disorder. Pb isotope data, converted into geological parameters (Tmod, μ and к), further allowed deducing the provenance of the geological sources of lead ores at the origin of the pollution. Based on these results, it appears that lead ore supplies during the Roman period were of local origins, reflecting how Rome and Ephesus dominated the surrounding economic areas with which they were in contact. However, while the beginning of the Middle Ages is accompanied by a decline of Rome, Ephesus regains its past prosperity with the importation of Hercynian lead from western Europe. It was produced massively as a result of the medieval economic revolution that Europe experienced from the 10th century onward
Boukherouk, Mohamed. "La mise en tourisme d'un espace oasien fragile et marginalisé, la Région du Tafilalet dans le Sud-est marocain : Enjeux, freins et perspectives." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CLF20009.
Full textTafilalet is a Saharan region of Morocco. Located in the south-east, in a border area, it shows signs of a weak desert space and a marginalized one. Its geographical location, climatic features and morphological profile make it a structurally vulnerable space, that offers little chance for human and economical development. Yet it was able to shine and experienced a boom during the Middle Age. This one has seen the development of a great arid civilization whose features are still living in the oasis agro-pastoral production system. These features have led to the establishment of a delicate balance between the oasis man, its needs and demand and a fragile environment with weak development capacities. Balance since broken by modernity, rural exodus, urbanization and salaried work. Newly arrived in the oasis economical system, tourism has developed from the early twentieth century and has undergone significant changes, to become the first formal economical activity in the area. The desert, the dunes, the palmgrove are the main advantages of this product which tries, increasingly, to combine with the original landscape offer a range of a cultural one consisting of the built heritage, human and tribes wealth as well as the commercialization of the desert as playful space (sport tours : quad, mountain biking ...). Thus the product is, gradually, free of the classical desert spots (dunes and camels) and the area opened to a an integrate and diffuse tourism, exploring the hinterland, drawing multi-activity, immersion in the Saharan and nomad daily life and a cross-cultural exchange between tourists and residents. The area of our study as well as the Saharan area in whole, live a touristic growth but in a kind of anarchy and spontaneity. In sum tourism can be, for several reasons, a threat factor of oasis nature, its landscape, its capacity in terms of water and soil and to the agro-pastoral production system, known to be mainly, a subsistence and traditional one. The development of tourism in Tafilalet region should happen through a strategy of sustainable development where tourism is approached by a territorial vision. The place of the local governance, the local actor are very important to us. Development must be understood in that sense in and for the territory as a space for life and action, away from sectors visions which had only prevailed useful areas and marginalized the majority of the Saharan territory. This approach should also call the specificities of this unique space both in geographical and human aspects. These ones should be in the center of its conception as well as the natural stress, the fragility and vulnerability of the environmental elements ... All of that cannot be separated from the problem of the human development. It is raised in this thesis through a highlight of the importance of citizen participation, already active and that has several experiences to its credit. The need to empower his action by training and funds may reveal the importance of an action that is already in germ and which needs to be supported and assisted. In sum, the development of tourism in the Saharan areas, as we have shown through the case of the Tafilalet region, should give the oasis-man his place as the first actor of his own development. This conception could be done through a strategy of sustainable tourism where the spatial as well as the human, the economical and the environmental elements are considered. In this fragile and vulnerable area human and environmental considerations are as important as profitability variables for any territorial tourism development strategy
Ayadi-Hajji, Habiba. "Outils de gestion de la pollution phytosanitaire diffuse au niveau d'un territoire : cas d'application zone humide Ramsar de la Merja Zerga au Maroc." Phd thesis, Université Paul Valéry - Montpellier III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00978747.
Full textMerhaby, Dima. "Caractérisation de la pollution organique et inorganique dans les sédiments portuaires du Liban." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10144/document.
Full textLebanon coastal zone (LCZ) which extends over 220 km along the Eastern Mediterranean Sea is a typical case of most coastal areas of the developing countries in the Mediterranean region, where the combination of a wide range of anthropogenic activities are contributing to water pollution and environmental degradation, by the direct and indirect release of a large number of pollutants into the sea via atmospheric and river inputs. Amongst the numerous environmental concerns we are facing, the marine environment is one of the top priorities that must be addressed. Due to its ecological importance, the evaluation of coastal sediment quality constitutes an important area of research to give a clear picture of water pollution status. Much attention was paid of some priority pollutants such as persistent organic pollutant (POPs) and heavy metals as known to be toxic, persistent and bio-accumulative, carcinogenic and mutagenic. There is an urgent need to survey the levels of these pollutants in sediments due to the great lack of information in the eastern part of the Mediterranean Sea in general and particularly in Lebanese coastal zone which render our study very important and useful regionally and locally by local authority and policy makers during coastal zone management. The semi-enclosed basins such as ports and bays are very vulnerable ecosystem where build-up greatly amount of these pollutants in sediments. This why we focus on our studies of the assessment of ports sediment quality of some possible hotspots where the re-suspension and oxidation of anoxic sediment occur frequently. A special attention was taken to Tripoli harbour which is the second Port of Lebanon due to its location near some reserved island. The pollution levels of LCZ by these pollutants are assigned as moderate to high. An emergency proposal plan was prepared for Tripoli Harbour, this will assists harbour authority to response for all fire and oil spill accidents as a first step for a durable development inside this promising harbor