Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Portugais (langue) – Aspect (linguistique)'
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Catarino, Soares José Manuel. "Systémique du Verbe Portugais : aspects, modes, temps, personne, voix." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA102.
Full textThis dissertation aims at describing and explaining the Portuguese verbal system, which is a system of sayable representations of time consisting of n potential significates, all distinct from one another, which alternate in a closed circuit. The explicandum – the facts to be explained – is, in this case, the paradigms of the conjugation, the overall inventory of its word-signs in detail (stems, inflexions and the like), as they manifest themselves in speech and writing, as well as the diverse senses expressed by these word-signs in discourse. The explicans – the explanatory fact – is, in this particular case, the operative system, the psychomechanism that brings the significates of these forms together in a coherent whole through the interplay of their related senses to express their full purport, which in fact does form a coherent whole only because of the operation that assembles them. The point is that the system cannot be discovered, reconstituted, and hence explained, until one understands its modus operandi, its constructive psychomechanism. In the case of the verb system, the constructive psychomechanism is the one called chronogenesis. It gives rise to a set of verbal categories all of which are temporal, except cardinal person (a spatial category) actualized to give the subject’s rank (1st, 2nd, 3rd) and its degree of control over the accomplishment of the event, thus providing a spatial support for the event signified by the verb. Aspect, mood, tense, as well as person and « voice » (or better, diathesis) do not refer, as it is widely taught or suggested, to disparate phenomena interconnected only in a desultory fashion but rather to different phases of a single psychosystem whose operation is beyond the conscious control of speakers: chronogenesis
Esta tese visa descrever e explicar o sistema verbal português, que é um sistema de representação dizível do tempo através de n significados potenciais, todos diferentes uns dos outros, que alternam em circuito fechado. O explicandum – os factos a explicar – são, neste particular, os paradigmas de conjugação do verbo, o inventário das suas formas semioplásticas examinadas em pormenor (radicais, índices temáticos, afixos, desinências), tal como se manifestam na fala e na escrita, e, de maneira complementar, os diversos sentidos que as ditas formas expressam no discurso. O explicans – o facto explicador – é, neste particular, o sistema operativo, o psicomecanismo que agrupa os significados dessas formas e que faz da sua reunião um todo coerente onde se totaliza o jogo complexo da sua relação recíproca, e que só forma aliás um todo coerente graças a esse efeito de totalização. Há que ter em consideração que o sistema só pode ser descoberto, reconstituído, e por conseguinte explicado, quando se compreende claramente o seu modus operandi, o seu psicomecanismo criador. No caso do sistema verbal, o psicomecanismo criador recebeu o nome, bem apropriado, de cronogénese. Daí, um conjunto de categorias verbais que são todas de ordem temporal, excepto a de pessoa cardinal (uma categoria espacial). Não obstante, a pessoa cardinal desempenha um importantíssimo papel na cronogénese, em virtude da intitulação variável de escalão e de dinamia que recebe para cumprir a preceito a sua função de sujeito (/suporte espacial) do acontecimento representado pelo verbo. Aspecto, modo, « tempo » (mais precisamente, temporama), assim como pessoa e « voz » (melhor dizendo, diátese), não se referem, como tem sido frequentemente ensinado ou sugerido, a fenómenos avulsos ou, no melhor dos casos, frouxamente interligados, mas às fases internas de um único psicossistema cuja operatividade escapa ao controlo da consciência dos enunciadores: a cronogénese
Strehler, René. "Étude d'unités phraséologiques en portugais du Brésil : aspects théoriques et application à la traduction : thèse." Nice, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NICE2007.
Full textChristiano, Caio César. "Le verbe ter : opérateur de localisation. Étude contrastive des variétés européenne et brésilienne du portugais à partir d’un corpus de traductions." Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT5029.
Full textThis corpus-based study aims at comparing the usage of the verb TER (have) in European Portuguese (EP) and Brazilian Portuguese (BP), A corpus, the VPTrad, has been especially compiled for this study and it is exclusively formed by parallel EP and BP texts translated from English and French source texts. In accordance with the Theory of Enunciative Operations, the verb TER is analyzed as a localizer, instead of being considered a simple possessive verb, as is the case in other linguistic approaches. Possession is but one of many of the semantic values that may be attributed to an utterance in which TER operates a localization. Following the semantic theory of Bernard Pottier, we propose a graphic scheme allowing to compare EP and BP constructions. Finally, a new analysis of the pretérito perfeito composto (PPC) – in which TER functions as an auxiliary verb – is proposed: the PPC is reponsible for densifying occurrences in a given time interval, and, contrary to previous analysis, it is not directly responsible for any iterativity or duration interpretations that the utterance might present
Nesta tese, apresenta-se um estudo contrastivo baseado em corpus das utilizações do verbo TER em português europeu (PE) e português brasileiro (PB), Para a realização deste trabalho, foi criado o corpus VPTrad, exclusivamente formado por traduções paralelas de um mesmo texto nas duas variedades do português tendo o inglês e o francês como línguas-fonte. Seguindo-se o quadro de análise da Teoria das Operações Enunciativas, analisa-se o verbo TER como um operador de localização, contrariando algumas correntes linguísticas que o consideram como simples verbo de posse. A posse constitui apenas um dos inúmeros valores que pode assumir um enunciado em que o verbo opera a localização. Baseando-se na teoria semântica de Bernard Pottier, propõe-se um esquema que permite comparar os diferentes valores das construções entre PE e PB. Finalmente, apresentamos uma nova proposta de análise do verbo TER auxiliar do pretérito perfeito composto como causador da densificação de ocorrências em um intervalo, rejeitando a tese de uma iteratividade ou de uma duração provocada pela construção
Desmeules-Trudel, Félix. "Perception des voyelles nasales du français québécois : aspects acoustiques et perceptifs." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30407/30407.pdf.
Full textWe present an acoustic description of nasal vowels (NV) in Quebec French (QF) and Brazilian Portuguese (BP), languages that possess phonological NV in their inventories. We show that QF and BP NV have different vowel qualities: QF NV are more dispersed than BP’s, smaller contrast (for corresponding NV), and greater amplitude of formantic movement. We also assess discrimination and identification abilities of BP speakers for QF NV. We show that [œ̃] is difficult to perceive because it has no equivalent in Portuguese; variability of [ẽ]’s quality and its important dispersion makes it difficult to discriminate, while its formant movement contributes to its correct identification; [ã] and [ɔ̃] are more easily discriminated, but [ã] is misidentified in a greater proportion because it overlaps several categories, while [ɔ̃] is more easily identified because of its similarities with BP’s [õ].
Pandim, Gildaris Ferreira. "Étude sur les aspects culturels de la terminologie des contrats de prestation de services en portugais et français." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01011331.
Full textCortez, Gomes Ana Maria. "Structure propositionnelle et ordre des mots en portugais brésilien et en portugais européen." Paris 8, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081590.
Full textCarreira, Maria Helena Araújo. "Modalisation linguistique en situation d'interlocution : proxémique verbale et modalisation en portugais." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040210.
Full textWithin the domain of modality and interlocution - conceived both at the level of the potentialities of language (that of the virtual means of verbal communication) and at the discursive level (that of the variation of individual realizations) - this study concerns "verbal proxemics". The problem is stated in the following way: which verbal means do subjects speakers of a language have at their disposal in order to regulate their interlocutive distance, when they proceed to verbal exchanges? How are these linguistic means being implemented in the variability of discursive solutions? Faced with the variety of these means, delimitation of a certain number amongst them is required. Have been chosen: address forms, "interlocutive expressions" (see "modal particles", "discursive particles", "enonciative particles", etc. ) and linguistic manifestations of politeness, in Portuguese. These three types of means, particularly well qualified for the regulation of interlocutive distance are delimited from different viewpoints (see "bilans d'études" ("assessments of studies") and a semantico-pragmatic delimitation based on a continuous vision of semantic phenomena (see B. Pottier's theory) is proposed (1st part). The modal realm to which these means belong leads to a reflection on the ways to access the study of the linguistic expression of modality, from a point of view of interlocution (2nd part). A certain number of discursive solutions which put to the test the results of our study (1st and 2nd parts) are then being analyzed (3rd part). This research follows, indeed, a movement to and fro between discursive realizations, language potentialities and conceptual possibilities, and aims to reconcile the point of view of linguistics "of the conversational field" and that of theoretical linguistics
Castro, Ana. "On possessives in Portuguese." Paris 8, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA082804.
Full textThis dissertation addresses some aspects of the grammar of possessives in Portuguese, both simple forms and de-phrases. It is shown that simple possessives have two homophonous series in Portuguese: prenominal possessives occur in definite contexts (like French and English and unlike Catalan and Italian ones); postnominal possessives occur in non-definite contexts. It is assumed that the former are generated in D, the position in which definiteness is interpreted. This proposal captures the contrasts between the two positions with respect to modification by weak and strong adverbs, coordination and strategies of focus. It is also claimed that the variation observed in Portuguese in the constructions with prenominal possessives - presence of the definite article in European Portuguese (EP) versus its absence in Brazilian Portuguese (BP) - is due, not to differences in the grammar of possessives, but to differences in the determiner system. Since Portuguese displays the same variation in nominal constructions with proper names and generics, it is claimed that they all involve an expletive, i. E. A semantically vacuous definite article, which is phonetically overt in EP and phonetically null in BP. In the 3rd person, Portuguese has two possessive forms: seu and dele. Seu, unlike dele, is an ambiguous form because it is not fully specified for phi-features (gender and number). Data from both spoken and written corpora show that dele is not replacing seu. In EP and BP, the two forms are not equivalent: dele only takes referential antecedents whereas seu may also be bound by non-referential expressions (generics and quantified)
Fernandes, Cruz Regina. "Analyse acoustique et phonologique du portugais parlé par les communautés noires de l'Amazonie (Brésil)." Aix-Marseille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX10112.
Full textSoares, Carla. "La syntaxe de la périphérie gauche en portugais européen et son acquisition." Paris 8, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA082803.
Full textThis dissertation investigates the syntax and the acquisition of the left periphery by Portuguese children (from 1;2. 0 to 4;6. 18). A model of the left periphery is proposed, which relies on the system of feature checking within the minimalist framework and on the proxy category theory of phrase structure by Nash and Rouveret (1997, 2002). The C category splits in the course of the derivation in function of its formal features, in order to create the necessary syntactic space enabling the verification of these features. In the model proposed, the periphery is flexible since its syntaxic form may vary depending on constructions and languages. The Derivational Complexity Hypothesis is used to account for the development pattern of the left periphery, which is observable in the linguistic production data of the children under study. This hypothesis predicts that the less complex constructions emerge earlier; the derivational complexity notion being assessed by a specific and adequate complexity measure, which is defined
Grund, Anne-Marie. "Contribution à l'étude contrastive de l'argot en français et en portugais." Grenoble 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004GRE39049.
Full textAlvarenga, Daniel. "Variations orthographiques, temps d'identification et apprentissage de la langue écrite portugaise : une approche phono-cognitive." Paris 8, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA080750.
Full textFrom the phonological principles defined by the segmental and metrical phonology, canonical syllable and stress ladders are presented for the portuguese. The cv syllable and the paroxyton stress are the most syllabic and accentual canonical types. We tried to establish the cognitive relevance of these canonical structures during the utilization of written language by brazilian children of 7 to 15 years old. These canonical structures also explain spelling variations observed during writing free texts and dictations. They also explain identification times of words and non-words with different syllabic and accentual structures and pronunciation changes during reading
Hagège, Caroline. "Analyse syntaxique automatique du portugais." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CLF20028.
Full textSpanoghe, Anne-Marie. "La syntaxe de l'appartenance inaliénable en français, en espagnol et en portugais /." Frankfurt am Main ; Berlin ; Paris [etc.] : P. Lang, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb374628499.
Full textSilva, Odete Pereira da. "Analyse sociolinguistique de l'indétermination du sujet dans le portugais parlé au Brésil, à partir des données du NURC/SP." Paris 7, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA070010.
Full textAraújo, Silvia Lima Gonçalves. "Entre l'actif et le passif: se faire/fazer-se : syntaxe, sémantique et pragmatique comparées français-portugais." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070029.
Full textThe French se faire construction presents numerous and varied usage possibilities while also raising a number of theoretical issues. Furthermore, it should be noticed that it is not always possible to establish a direct correspondence between French se faire and Portuguese fazer-se. The se faire construction. , however, has never before been at the core of a contrastive study of French and Portuguese. The connections established by the verb faire, on the one hand, and by the pronominalization, on the other hand, which involve linguistic phenomena such as active, passive and causative diathesis, are the same in French as in Portuguese. It is the purpose of the present study to shed light on the language-specific constraints, whether they be syntactic and/or semantic, which in some cases impede literal translation. The contrast between the two languages was based mainly on a literary and journalistic corpus, composed of identical texts, published both in Portuguese and French. A survey was carried out among native speakers of Portuguese in order to offer a sociological explanation for the differences found between various speakers and between the divergent versions of the same text by different translators. The most remarkable result of this contrastive study was that it underscored the role of intention in the Portuguese language along with that of agentivity and cause
Reis, César Augusto da Conceição. "L'intéraction entre l'accent, l'intonation et le rythme en portugais brésilien : étude acoustique de la prosodieAix-en-Provence : [s.n.]." Aix-Marseille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX10049.
Full textFreitas, Luísa Alves de. "L'enseignement/apprentissage de l'article "zéro" en français langue étrangère dans l'enseignement secondaire au Portugal." Paris 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA030014.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to give a description of the teaching and learning of the zero article in secondary schools in Portugal. First of all we were interested in the learning of the zero article and the error analysis has shown cases in the learning of the zero article which were difficult. Afterwards we have presented the differences between the French articles and the Portuguese articles. Then we have dealt with the learning of the zero article and we have analysed the syllabus, the coursebooks and the grammars. We have also inferred the practice of the teachers. Finally, we have formulated some didactic propositions to improve the teaching and learning of the zero article. The method that we have adopted is based on the metalinguistic perception of the learners in what concerns the Foreign Language (grammatical conceptualism). We have suggested some changes in the teaching and we have proposed a series of pratical exercises
Bouylmani, Ahmadou. "Temps et aspect en arabe et en anglais." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040074.
Full textIt is a study contrasting two temporal and aspectual systems of arabic and english languages. The study in question is divided into two parts: the first delimits the linguistic objects of study (arabic and english languages); provides the necessary justification for the choice of the subject and the theoritical frame appropriate to the study. It also gives a historical glimpse about tense and aspect and their definitions. It finally defines the methodological instruments adapted to the analysis. The second shows us the affinity that exists between modality, aktionsart, voice, determination, personal pronouns and performative verbs. . . ,and how we cannot study one without the other. It deals by the same occasion with the two levels of enonciation (discourse narration), which are considered like a general frame where all the temporal and aspectual values such as actual present, remote present, present perfect and remote perfect are characterized. Our reflexion on the problem of tense and aspect in arabic and in english is keeping with the general pattern of the theoritical perspective of enonciation such as it was developped by culioli a. And his group of research. It is essentially based on an approach elaborated by descles j-p (a disciple of this linguistic trend)for the notion of aspect in french language
Bendiha, Mohamed-Lakhdar. "Contribution à l'étude des emprunts du portugais à l'arabe." Paris 8, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA081950.
Full textPons, Julien Delport Marie-France Cotte Pierre. "L'articulation entre les conditionnements internes et externes en phonologie diachronique illustrée par l'évolution du phonétisme hispanique traité de phonologie diachronique /." Paris : Université Paris Sorbonne - Paris IV, 2008. http://www.theses.paris4.sorbonne.fr/thesepons.pdf.
Full textSimões, Marques Isabelle. "Le plurilinguisme dans le roman portugais contemporain (1963-1983) : caractéristiques, configurations linguistiques et énonciatives." Paris 8, 2009. http://octaviana.fr/document/16391608X#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textOur study focuses on the use of literary plurilingualism. We want to understand why and how writers insert "foreigner" in their texts and we question how plurilingualism is expressed, through the choice of languages, a reflexion on identity and otherness. Our anchor is the Revolution of 1974 and we want to know how the political and social context could influence the novels that constitute our corpus. The exiled writers who have participated directly or indirectly in the colonial war are, in most cases, multilingual writers. We have therefore decided to analyze themes regarding contemporary dictatorship, in other words, we will be looking into exile, emigration and the colonial war. This way, we approach the question of verisimilitude and the “reality effect”. In the first part of our study, we focus on plurilingualism in society and the literary text. We also problematize the notion of literary plurilingualism. In our second part, we analyze the major thematic and structural characteristics of the plurilingualistic novels of our corpus. We take into account the historical and social context, the presence of autobiographical elements and the relationship between history and memory. The third part includes the linguistic and enunciative analysis of different occurrences of plurilingualism in our corpus. We will study some borrowing and interferences in the speeches of narrators and analyze bilingual dialogues of characters. We also address the issue of plurality of voices in plurilingualism. Our study seeks to understand how literature is dependent and beneficiary of the plurality of languages
Iankova, Bissera. "Le present perfect anglais et le parfait bulgare : étude contrastive." Paris 7, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA070111.
Full textThe object of this study is the English "present perfect" and the Bulgarian "parfait". Our research is based on the theoretical principles of the tense-aspect model of Cognitive and Applicative Grammar. In our analysis we identify three values of "present perfect" and parfait : resulting state, experiential value and inferential value. We present arguments in favour of the claim that the use of the perfect in both languages is determined by the requirements of the utterance situation and more precisely, by the enunciator's intention to emphasize the subject/agent or the object/patient present state. The value of resulting state is the most frequent one in both languages. The aspectual notion of achievement is characteristic of this value, the verbal telicity being an important factor in determining this value. Contrary to the value of resulting state, the experiential value is characterized by the aspectual notion of non-achievement and its occurrences are often accompanied by atelic verbs and adverbs of duration. As to the inferential value, we argue that context, extra-linguistic factors as well as modality are important to determining this value. In English, we find modality integrated in the predicate and in Bulgarian it is dispersed in the whole utterance. Another difference between the two languages concerns aspectual indicators. Contrary to English, Bulgarian has morphological marks of aspect. This divergence determines the different nature, number and distribution of aspectual marks in the two languages
Dhorne, France. "Aspect et temps en japonais." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070141.
Full textIn this thesis on aspect and tense in japanese, we question the existence of specific forms for the category os aspect in japanese, as they have been analysed by the linguists of the lexical semantic currents. We claim that aspect is the semantic product of operations which concern several morphological paradigms of ja panese language. We point out the articulation of these paradigms. From the point of wirw of general linguistics and of methodology, to avoid a non-pertinent application of an occidental epistemologig conception about a foreing language, we consider the problematic of tense from the point of view of dynamism and sttis in language. On another part, we claim that the categories of tense and aspect cannot be limited to the linguistic category of verb only. We prove. On the basis of linguistics facts in japanese, that a language owns many markers for stabilisation of processes, and that dynamism appears when there are no markers of this type. So dynamism would be original and related to the act of speech
Grangé, Philippe. "Temps et aspect en Indonésien." Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT5027.
Full textHachim, Bukusu Ndongala. "Aménagement linguistique en milieu scolaire angolais : une étude fondée sur l'analyse de l'apprentissage du portugais par des francophones angolais." Nantes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NANT3041.
Full textCaldas, Sandra de. "Emprunts lexicaux et interférences terminologiques dans des écrits spécialisés dans les sciences humaines : la langue de l’enseignement en situation officielle, en français et en portugais." Paris 8, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA083944.
Full textThis research is a theoretical, analytical and comparative approach of the neological phenomenon of lexical importation from the perspective of comparative linguistics. The main issue is to understand how this phenomenon takes place in a specialized language in the humanities. The study of lexical borrowing was conducted by a corpus consisting of formal curricula of the first and second degree in France and in Portugal. First and foremost, we present the phenomenon of borrowing and linguistic interferences from a theoretical point of view. Thus, in the first part, we review the theoretical aspects related to the enrichment of languages and lexical creativity. In the second part, we discuss the principles and methods of specialized languages to give an overview of the field of education in both countries. Finally, the third section is devoted entirely to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the borrowing and terminological interferences of the two languages at hand. Firstly, we propose a typology of borrowing based on six levels of classification. We then show this borrowing through a morphological, semantic and dictionaric point of view. We end this analytic section with a comparative discussion that allows us to make observations from a linguistic as well as educational point of view. In conclusion, our study helps to highlight the differences and similarities in the treatment and adaptation of borrowing in French and Portuguese, and also brings to light the problem of dictionarisation of these imported units
Pons, Julien. "L'articulation entre les conditionnements internes et externes en phonologie diachronique illustrée par l’évolution du phonétisme hispanique : traité de phonologie diachronique." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.paris-sorbonne.fr/thesepons.pdf.
Full textThe diachronic dialectology of Iberian Peninsula bringed us to reconceive the discredited theory of linguistic waves and, from that, the most part of concepts in effect in diachronic linguistics. The topics are as follows : Part I : Connections Between Internal and External Linguistics : Chapter 1 : grading and homogeneity of linguistic systems : the concept of first idiom and the denunciation of the concepts of substrata and adstrata ; Chapter 2 : the concept of endolinguistic mechanism ; Chapter 3 : the articulation between internal and external factors : causes of linguistic changes. Part II : Connections Between geopolitics and linguistics : Chapter 1 : the various kinds of epicentres and linguistic waves ; Chapter 2 : the definition of the languages in comparison with other languages, dialects and subdialects in the light of our theory of linguistic waves ; Chapter 3 : how to periodicize an idiom ? Part III : application : indo-european, latin, and especially spanish and portuguese
Vidigal, de Paula Fraülein. "Connaissance morphologique implicite et explicite dans le portuguese langue écrit." Rennes 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REN20021.
Full textThe research aimed to attain 3 major goals : (1) to investigate Elementary School students' implicit and explicit knowledge about morphological, derivational and flexional dimensions of Portuguese spoken in Brazil, and also, to identify when, at the schooling process, is more evident the use of each of these levels ; 2) to identify relationships between morphology and other dimensions of language (phonological, lexical and syntactic) and also, how these relationships are expressed at different school levels, namely first , third, fifth and seventh grades ; 3) to investigate how implicit and explicit knowledge about Portuguese morphological dimension relate to literacy acquisition (decoding and understanding) and writing (orthography). Participants were 260 students, being 132 boys and 128 girls, who were enrolled at first (22), third (28), fifth (107) and seventh (103) grades of a private school at Sao Paulo, Brazil. Data were collected through 14 tasks that evaluated implicit and explicit knowledge about derivational and flexional morphology, morphological derivational knowledge employed to extract word composition rule, neologism production, writing performance of dictated words, reading performance (decoding) and sentences (understanding) as weIl as vocabulary. Results showed that first grade students have implicit knowledge, or in other words, are sensitive to derivational morphology, more specifically to suffix, that was not verified among more advanced grades students who displayed more explicit knowledge than implicit. It has also been noticed that since 1st grade, knowledge about the use of prefixes and suffixes is employed in the composition of fictitious words. For the two following group of objectives, the expected significant correlations between morphological knowledge and other linguistic dimensions - phonological, syntactical and lexical - are observed since 3rd grade. From this grade on we also verified a growing number of correlations between morphological knowledge and the performance of both reading and writing. In conclusion, we consider that some advances were made into the understanding of the role of implicit and explicit derivational morphological knowledge, and some open questions remain to be answered by future research
Hajrullau, Bashkim. "La concordance des temps dans les langues romanes : une spécificités de l’italien : l’expression du futur dans le passé (deux morphologies: ia/-ebbe ; aspect immanent / aspect transcendant)." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040100.
Full textThe Italian language uses the compound form of the conditional in certain syntactic constructions (ex. Mi ha detto che sarebbe venuto) whereas other Romance languages use a simple form in order to express future in the past (ex. : Me dijo que vendría ; Il m’a dit qu’il viendrait, etc. ). This work comprises three parts. The first part is a review of the theoretical viewpoints offered by the grammar books and linguists with regard to this problem of the Italian syntax. Thus one of the most widely spread explanations according to which the simple form of the conditional refers to an event which has already happened whereas the compound form refers to an event which has not happened is insufficient. By drawing on examples from a large corpus of literature we are going to show that the compound form may be used in both cases. The second part gives a historical overview in which we are going to show that this phenomenon is much older than we are led to believe by the grammar books. It appeared for some time in the spoken language (14th century) and much later in the literary language (16th-17th centuries). It was under the great influence of classical authors such as Dante, Petrarca and even Boccaccio that writers remained loyal to the model of sequences of tenses, which was identical to other Romance languages and imposed by the great “trecentisti”. It was not until some writers rose against these archaic attitudes, such as Crusca for example, that this phenomenon started to appear in the literary language. We believe that its firm entry into the modern Italian literature is due to authors such as Alessandro Manzoni and Antonio Fogazzaro, who used both forms of the conditional : the first one however tended to use primarily the simple form whereas the latter very clearly reversed this tendency. Yet, Italian is the only Romance language in which from the start the verbo-temporal system recognised a “double birth of the conditional” that is to say a double morphology : (-ia), which is older and (-ebbe) which became established through the written form by the Florentine writers. More importantly, we argue that there is a fundamental difference between the conditional with the form -ia (ex : verria) and the conditional with the form -ebbe (ex : verrebbe). Their structure is not the same because the first one is built from the imperfect and the second one from the preterite. Here we are thinking of their internal structure, more precisely the position of the observer who is not the same in the two tenses. Finally, through a contrastive analysis we explain why the Italian conditional does not comply with the location of the tense of the observer, which is the case in other Romance languages, but it assumes the location of the tense of the speaker, which we are going to refer to as a “double location”, and which according to our hypothesis is due to the superposition of the two forms -ia (imperfect) and -ebbe (preterite) in the course of centuries
Do-Hurinville, Danh Thành. "Temps et aspect en Vietnamien : étude comparative avec le français." Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA070008.
Full textVietnamese is an isolating language and has no tenses. The markers Đ̃Ã, ĐANG, RỒI, SÁP, VÙẢ, MÓỈ indicate mainly aspect and not time. There are two opposing situations in Vietnamese : the absence of marker (ZERO or Ø) and the presence of markers (ĐÃ, ĐANG, RÔI, CHUẢ, TUN̉G, SÁ︣P, SE,̃ VÙẢ, MÓỈ). In terms of statistics, the frequency of use of ZERO exceeds by far the frequency of use of all the other markers put together, because ZERO and the use of abverbs of time are the main ways of locating events in time. Coming from the verbal meaning "to put an end to something", ĐÃ indicates that the end of an event or a state has been reached relative to the chosen points of reference. It is the only marker capable of being combined with the other markers. Arising from the verbal meaning "to be in the middle of", ĐANG, is used to express that an event or a state is in process at the chosen reference times
Martinowsky, Georges. "La topologie temporelle du russe moderne." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA080876.
Full textThe argument is that perception of time is not universally organized along a chronological axis as in the standart theory of rational mechanics. But follows a pattern which is peculiar to each language. Bringing temporal topology distinctive of modern russian to light enables to merge the aspect and the morphology of verbs, the nature of personal pronoums, the syntax of attributes, the structuring of predicates within the sentence and the text into a consistent theory
Feng, Jean-Yves. "Une étude contrastive sur la notion du temps et la notion de l'aspect en français et en chinois." Paris 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA030113.
Full textGuedes, Pereira Bruno. "Le paramètre du sujet nul : refixation et transfert du portugais brésilien à l'anglais langue seconde." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23587/23587.pdf.
Full textBottineau, Didier. "Aspect, actance et modalité : systématique de l'infinitif anglais." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040205.
Full textThis study, based on the linguistic theory of G. Guillaume (the psychomechanics of language), with references to the meta-operational grammar of H. Adamczewski and the theory of operations of A. Culioli, deals with the way in which English utterances containing an infinitive verb form are generated : the genesis of a projected subject-predicate matrix, submitted to the mental scrutiny of the enunciator, can be intercepted at an early stage, resulting in an utterance which displays a virtualized connection between a potential subject (determined or undetermined) and the predicate, with a verbal relator passing a modal comment justifying the interception. A relator with a subject of its own is fore fronted, whereas a subjectless one remains inserted between the subject and the verb. An unintercepted subject-to-predicate connection is unmarked; an intercepted one is marked by one or several auxiliaries, with or without to, depending on the degree of actualization; a previously available connection is revalidated by -ing or virtualized by a past participle. The choice of aspectual verb forms is shown to reveal the degree of modal validation of the subject-to predicate link accepted by the enunciator, resulting in a correspondingly actualized link between the subject and the verb. The potential significates of verb forms, affixes and grammatical words in general are ascribed to the clusters of phonemes they contain: each sound represents an elementary mental process, and the meaning and syntax of grammatical words and some major lexical words is determined by the combination of processes their morphology involves. The infinitive is defined as the keystone between this cognitive structure of the word and the modal genesis of utterances it enables. This approach leads to a distinction between the morphogenic operations carried out by the enunciator and the semantic processes he tries to induce the hearer to perform
Gaspar, García Elena. "Aspect verbal et aspect lexical en espagnol : fonctions discursives et contraintes de sélection." Rouen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ROUEL036.
Full textThis thesis analyses how important is verbal and lexical aspect in Spanish; in fact, this category allows us to explain and distinguish some grammatical pairs considered as being always commutable or even neutralized. This study examines, on the one hand, the final value of the prepositions por and para and how lexical aspect influences their commutation in a final proposition. On the other hand, this thesis analyses the values of the Spanish past (cantaba) and the periphrastic spanish form estar + -ndo from an aspectual point of view. This study also develops the role taken by verbal and lexical aspect on the commutation of these verbal forms. Furthermore, some lexical incompatibilities due to interaction of verbal and lexical aspect are treated here
Correa, Soares Eduardo. "Anaphors in discourse : anaphoric subjects in brazilian portuguese." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC105/document.
Full textThe present dissertation is concerned with the use and interpretation of null and pronominal subjects in Brazilian Portuguese. This investigation examines these phenomena in an attempt to disentangle the semantic and discursive factors that can be relevant for choice between these anaphoric expressions in Brazilian Portuguese and the way in which this choice is articulated with the general theory of anaphora resolution. The starting point of this dissertation was the research looking into null and overt subjects from the perspective of Generative Grammar, specially the Parametric Theory. Throughout the present work, however, the analyses proposed in this perspective were shown not to account for the data at stake. The generalization that poor verbal morphology is directly related to the absence or reduced frequency of null subjects, for example, is challenged through experimental data and an investigation of the relative frequency of null subjects across discourse persons in corpora. An alternative explanation presented in the previous literature, namely the importance of the antecedents’ features of Animacy and Specificity, seems to better account for the attested distribution. However, this explanation is not sufficient for understanding the choice between null and overt subjects in Brazilian Portuguese, since the number of animate and specific null subjects is still relatively higher than in languages with obligatory expression of subjects. Therefore, it is argued that discourse factors seem to play a crucial role in the use of null and overt subjects in Brazilian Portuguese. The main factors identified here are Obviousness and Contrast. The first is a standard feature in the literature about anaphora resolution (expressed by a variety of terms, such as Salience, Familiarity, Accessibility, etc.), which is part of the reverse mapping hypothesis according to which the more obvious the subject is, the less explicit the co-referential form is allowed to be. The second factor, Contrast, is the main finding of the present dissertation: as is the case for other levels of linguistic analyses and other phenomena in language, the choice of anaphoric expression in Brazilian Portuguese seems to be driven by efficiency. In the present case, this means that, when the backgrounded information and the asserted (focused) in- formation in an utterance contrast the most, it is more likely that a null subject will be used. The design of a grammar that deals with these multiple features is sketched, specifically, a multi-layered scalar probabilistic grammar is proposed, whose semantic and discourse constraints act in parallel through a probabilistic mapping. It is, thus, shown that null subjects are likely in discursive co- reference, since in these contexts their antecedents are more obvious and the focused information contrasts the most with the background. An apparent counter-example to the proposal sketched here is analyzed: the generic interpretation of null subjects. However, it is shown that the same semantic constraints cross-linguistically applied to other generic constructions can produce generic null subjects in Brazilian Portuguese, given the failure to be grounded predicted by the approach proposed here. Finally, on-line evidence for the analysis of the use and interpretation of null and pronominal subjects is provided. The results found in three eye-tracking while reading experiments provide striking evidence in favor of the proposal put forward here, according to which null and overt subjects and their interpretation can be accounted for in terms of constraints on interpretation rather than licensing
Caudal, Patrick. "La polysemie aspectuelle - contraste francais/anglais." Paris 7, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA070067.
Full textStunová́, Anna. "A contrastive study of Russian and Czech aspect : invariance vs. discourse /." Amsterdam : Universiteit van Amsterdam, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb372054705.
Full textVaz, Warrot Andreia Catarina. "La création romanesque chez António Lobo Antunes." Paris 8, 2009. http://octaviana.fr/document/15221626X#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textLa lecture de l’œuvre romanesque d’António Lobo Antunes ne se présente pas comme une activité simple et évidente : le lecteur est obligé de surmonter des obstacles et d’ouvrir des portes pour pénétrer au cœur des créations romanesques. Il s’agit d’une œuvre qui ne laisse pas indifférents ceux qui la lisent, qui peut aussi bien rebuter le lecteur que l’attirer. L’étude de son écriture, sous une perspective linguistique et littéraire permet de mettre en évidence cette façon de dire et d’écrire singulière. L’analyse des «préceptes» que Lobo Antunes indique pour écrire et aussi pour lire sera le point de départ pour la découverte de clés d’écriture et de clés lecture qui peuvent faciliter l’accès à ses œuvres (Partie I). «Mettre toute la vie entre les pages d’un livre» résume le projet d’écriture de l’auteur. Des voix qui grésillent sans cesse dans le texte, des temps multiples et a-chronologiques, un travail poussé sur le signifiant, rapprochant l’écriture littéraire de l’écriture musicale sont autant de procédés qui nourrissent l’hétérogénéité et contribuent à la création d’une œuvre «totale» (Partie II). Le texte interpelle le lecteur qui est amené à créer avec l’auteur son propre texte tant l’œuvre ouvre de multiples possibilités d’interprétation. Pour ne pas se perdre dans des pages labyrinthiques, le lecteur cherche des clés de lecture, coopérant ainsi activement avec le texte qui le sollicite sans cesse (Partie III). Notre étude aspire à contribuer à une meilleure connaissance de l’écriture d’António Lobo Antunes et, par la même, de l’œuvre romanesque de cet écrivain portugais contemporain à la fois intrigante et passionnante
Mettouchi, Amina. "Aspect et négation : recherche d'invariants et étude énonciative de l'incidence de la modalité négative sur l'aspect en berbère (kabyle)." Paris 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA030069.
Full textManseri, Ourida. "Étude de l'aspect en Berbère, le cas du kabyle." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040213.
Full textThis research is devoted to the study of the aspectual system in Berber, precisely in Kabyle dialect. At first, the subject matter was the identification, at the units' level, of the grammatical forms which express the three grammatical aspects: the preterit (p), the aoriste (a) and the intensive aoriste (ai), followed by the study of the combination of these two last forms with the particle la. Lexical aspect is conveyed by lexical means such as the aspectual character of the verb which, subsequently, required a verbal typology, identification of possible auxiliaries and the aspectual function of the motion particle d. The interrelation of aspect and modality shows itself at the combinatorial level, through the association of the aspectual forms with the particles ad, ar, ar d, ar d ad and some operations such as negation. The aspectual value of an utterance is the result of a mutual influence between the already mentioned utterance constituants and the agentive function of the grammatical subject together with the various participants which are of such bearing on the aspectual value of the whole utterance, it ensued, therefore, the study of agentivity, voice and complementation. The diversity of the semantic values which combine together claims taking each utterance unit into account as well as the constraints exerted upon their semantic value to end up at the semantic meaning of the whole utterance. This calls up an utterance typology which coincides with the already identified form values (a, ai, p), that is, respectively, event, process and state
Barbosa, Lúcia Maria de Assunçao. "Opacité et transparence lexico-culturelle dans l'apprentissage du portugais langue étrangère au Brésil : les paroles de chansons, instruments de médiation linguistique et culturelle." Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA082543.
Full textManente, Mara. "L'aspect, les auxiliaires 'être' et 'avoir' et l'Hypothèse inaccusative dans une perspective comparative français / italien." Paris 8, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA082980.
Full textThis dissertation is, essentially, an attempt to study the distribution of the auxiliaries 'être' and 'avoir' with some intransitive verbs in a comparative analysis French / Italian. Basically, two topics are at the centre of our attention – the aspectual value of the present perfect with the auxiliaries 'être' and 'avoir', and the role played by these auxiliaries in the Unaccusative Hypothesis. As for the aspectual value of the present perfect, we have focused on the resultative and resultant state interpretations of the auxiliary 'être' and on some of their aspectual and syntactic implications. The parameters telicity, atelicity and directionality are also involved in our analysis. In particular, we have shown that these parameters are compatible both with the selection of the auxiliary 'être' and with the selection of the auxiliary 'avoir'. These considerations have also helped us to provide more empirical evidence concerning the Unaccusative Hypothesis
Corre, Eric. "Temps et aspect en anglais : le parfait, le preterit : approche métaopérationnelle." Paris 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA030024.
Full textThe present work begins with a critical analysis of the concepts traditionally put forward in the descriptions of the english present perfect : the fact of 'current relevance', as well as more recent approaches which rank the perfect as an aspect basically concerned with notions of completion and result, are indicative of a method of investigation of linguistic phenomena which relies almost exclusively on the semantic value of forms. On the contrary, it looks like a more successful enterprise to take into account the invariant function of the set of markers that make up 'have + en': in addition to its function of localizing two noun groups, best revealed in the case of possessive have, the operator have itself, in the have + -en sentence, is the marker of a syntactic process by which the utterer finds himself in a position to abstractly 'locate' the predicate inside the grammatical subject ; one is thus allowed to speak of a predicative relation. As opposed to this, the present simple (which is best rewritten as 'verb + x /-s') and the past simple ('verb + -ed') operate on semantic material and serve to create semantico-syntactic relations, that is, a basic level of predication. The comparative study of english and russian that is then carried out shows that the so-called 'aspectual' opposition between perfective and imperfective verbs also exemplifies this double way of structuring the whole sentence. Taking into account those two levels at which the utterer operates when he is proceeding to make his sentence helps us re-analyse thoses cases when, after using have + -en, the utterer has to revert to a more elementary 'verb + -ed' structure even when the issue at stake is not to specify the temporal location of an event. However, studying the complex interaction between the temporal adverbial and the verb form is crucial if one wants to point out the type of invariant that underlies have + -en. Last but not least, this thesis also provides an analysis of the impact of the other verbal string which affects transitivity - be + -ing - and which combines with have + -en to make up one of the most complex structures of english
Bouchard, Marie-Ève. "Le portugais du Brésil : des liens linguistiques avec les créoles du golfe de Guinée." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/24056.
Full textBelaïa-Marc, Elena. "Quantification et aspect verbal en russe : les quantifications du verbe ont-ils une influence sur le choix de l'aspect ?" Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040052.
Full textThis work is devoted to the study of the choice of aspect when the number of actions of verb is indicated. More precisely, this study examines the influence of small finite state quantifiers on the choice of aspect of verbs in the past tense. The interest paid here to this problem is justified by the almost total lack of detailed studies of the subject by Russian linguists. We have relied on the work of Jean-Paul Sémon on the Russian verb, notably on stadia and chronopoiesis (textual creation of the illusion of passing time). Approaching the problem of choice of aspect from this theoretical position, we have succeeded in shedding light on significant number of problems that had never before been adequately explained. We conclude that the mention of small finite state quantifiers does not in itself influence the choice of aspect. This choice is in fact determined by the integration of the quantified action into a specific context
Teletin, Andreea. "Organisation et fonctionnement du discours publicitaire dans la presse écrite : analyse comparative entre le portugais, le français et le roumain." Paris 8, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA082982.
Full textOur study focuses on a linguistic approach (more specifically, a semantic-pragmatic approach) of advertising discourse in print media. Our aim is to study the main differences and similarities of the advertising discourse in the context of European advertising (Portuguese, French and Romanian). The theoretical framework of our analysis is mainly based on Bernard Pottier’s semantic theory that links the conceptual, the linguistic and the discursive levels. Because the advertising discourse aims to persuade potential consumers, it conveys the deontic modality, which in its turn combines with the epistemic and axiological modalities. In the first part, we study the characteristics and functions of each component of the advertising discourse (title, argumentative text, image, logo and slogan). The second part of our work focuses on the analyses of linguistic phenomena, such as: modalisation, forms of address, deixis and negation. The third part deals with the cultural representations - linked to stereotypes and myths - in Portuguese, French and Romanian advertising discourse. The comparative approach allowed us to deepen the study of the discursive textual structures that we tried to contextualize from a socio-cultural point of view. Given the complexity of the advertising discourse, our study aims to offer a better understanding of the persuasive force in this type of discourse, through the analysis of its linguistic, social and mythical contents
Bellot-Deska, Anna. "Aspect et temps en polonais : contribution à la traduction des formes aspectuo-temporelles de l'indicatif polonais en français." Aix-Marseille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX10040.
Full textThe study of tense and aspect of the polish indicative and their translation into french fits into a double perspective : paradigmatic and syntagmatic. The paradigmatic level takes into account the morphological description and the determination of semantic values of the concerned categories. Conversely, the question concerning the use of these categories in an utterance is a matter of syntagmatic level. Also at this level, signs are put into use and translation remains possible. This study has a dual goal. On the one hand, building upon r. Jakobson's notion of privative significant opposition, reformulated by chr. Touratier (this notion is examined within the framework of an analysis in morphemes - minimal significant entities), we wanted to identify the signi- fiant and signified sides of these two categories. On the other hand, this study proposes to determine, by what means french, which does not present a system of opposition comparable to those of slavic languages (a study of the french indicative system is necessary in view of a con- trastive analysis and translation), may take into account the realiza- tion, at the utterance level, of aspectual temporal forms in polish and to see if translation rules may thus be deduced
Buchard, Anne. ""Etre+participe passé" en tant que marqueur d'aspect et de structure argumentale." Valenciennes, 2009. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/92b232c6-544d-4e45-9948-836758f63118.
Full textThis dissertation offers a corpus-based analysis of « ‘être’ + past participle » in French. This structure corresponds to the present perfect of an intransitive verb, the passive voice of a transitive verb or the resultant state of a pronominal, intransitive or alternating verb. We put forward a unitary analysis of the structure by defending it is an aspect and argument structure marker. With regard to argument structure, we show that it is an unaccusative structure. With regard to aspect, we show that different «‘être’ + past participle » forms constitute a continuum ranging from adjective to verb. A diachronic analysis provides more evidence concerning the unity of the structure