Academic literature on the topic 'Position originale'
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Journal articles on the topic "Position originale"
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Picquet, Christian. "LCR : une position originale." Confluences Méditerranée N°72, no. 1 (2010): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/come.072.0099.
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Bordeau, Michel, Patrice Villeneuve, Bernard Bennetau, and Jacques Dunoguès. "Substitution électrophile originale (en position benzylique), avec le benzyltrimethylsilane." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 331, no. 2 (September 1987): 169–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-328x(87)80018-9.
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Bennetau, Bernard, Michèle Krempp, Jacques Dunoguès, and Serge Ratton. "Une voie originale et selective de fonctionnalisation en position meta du fluoro- et de l'ethylbenzene." Tetrahedron 46, no. 24 (1990): 8131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4020(01)81469-1.
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Bennetau, Bernard, Michèle Krempp, Jacques Dunogues, and Serge Ratton. "Une voie originale et selective de fonctionnalisation en position ortho du fluoro- ou de l'ethylbenzene." Tetrahedron Letters 31, no. 43 (January 1990): 6179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4039(00)97018-7.
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Leroux, Georges. "Origine, provenance et surgissement. La recherche de la cause originale dans le platonisme grec." Protée 28, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/030579ar.
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La conception philosophique grecque de l’origine s’amorce avec la recherche présocratique des causes premières et se développe dans la métaphysique de Platon. La doctrine platonicienne intègre les éléments narratifs de la physique et des cosmogonies antérieures, mais elle entreprend de les transformer par la position d’une origine du monde qui soit hors du temps. Cette étude examine plusieurs aspects de cette conception, en particulier dans le texte du Timée et dans le néoplatonisme postérieur.
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Charles, Sébastien. "Du matérialisme à l’immatérialisme : le problème âme-corps dans la philosophie clandestine." Tangence, no. 81 (April 24, 2007): 143–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/014964ar.
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Parmi l’ensemble des manuscrits philosophiques clandestins à notre disposition, la grande majorité des textes adopte une position matérialiste quant au rapport entre l’âme et le corps. Cette position est souvent défendue à partir d’une critique du dualisme cartésien dont on mentionne les difficultés qui ressortissent à l’union improbable de deux substances ontologiquement différentes. Mais cette lecture n’épuise pas l’ensemble des réactions nées des difficultés du dualisme cartésien. À cet égard, l’étude des Réflexions morales et métaphysiques sur les connaissances de l’homme permet de complexifier l’analyse. De fait, ce manuscrit cherche à tracer une voie médiane entre matérialisme et idéalisme d’où découle une métaphysique proprement originale, cherchant à réconcilier l’idéalisme de Malebranche et le panthéisme de Spinoza, et témoignant par là de la richesse et de la nouveauté de certaines réflexions clandestines.
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Cassou-Noguès, Pierre. "Le platonisme de Lautman dans la tradition d’épistémologie en France." Articles 37, no. 1 (May 14, 2010): 55–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/039712ar.
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Résumé Cet article interroge la place du platonisme de Lautman dans la tradition épistémologique en France à partir de Brunschvicg. Nous soutenons que, malgré sa position originale, le platonisme de Lautman s’intègre en effet dans cette tradition et doit être compris dans ce contexte. La première partie rappelle certains éléments du relativisme critique de Brunschvicg. La seconde tente une reconstruction de la philosophie de Lautman. Nous concluons en montrant comment le rôle donné par Brunschvicg à « l’expérience » se traduit chez Lautman dans une difficulté propre, concernant la « matière » dans laquelle se réalisent les « Idées ».
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Weiss, Johannes. "Le charisme." Thème 17, no. 1 (March 23, 2010): 15–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/039496ar.
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Résumé Le présent essai cherche à observer et à comprendre pourquoi la sociologie s’accommode si difficilement des exceptions dont la portée est générale, exceptions qui se caractérisent par une « distinction ou [... un] talent spécial ». Pour ce faire, il retrace d’abord le traitement du charisme dans la discipline sociologique à partir de la réception des écrits de Max Weber sur ce concept. Il plaide ensuite pour un retour à la position originale de Weber, pour qui le charisme ne saurait être réduit à une « catégorie résiduelle », mais représente bien plutôt un concept limitrophe et fécond de la sociologie.
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Nielsen, Kai. "Taking Rorty Seriously." Dialogue 38, no. 3 (1999): 503–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0012217300046862.
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RésuméRichard Rorty est souvent vu comme une sorte de clone américain de Derrida et considéré, en tant que tel, comme irresponsable à la fois au plan philosophique et au plan politique. Je soutiens que c'est là une caricature. Rorty propose à la fois une version unifiée, pénétrante et raisonnée du pragmatisme, et une métaphilosophie originale et stimulante, imprégnée de la tradition analytique et qui, tout en lui adressant un défi de taille, lui reste néanmoins tout à fait accessible. Tel est mon propos principal. J'ai deux sous-thèmes: 1) que Rorty a été caricaturé par la gauche; et 2) qu'une position comme celle de Rorty et celle du marxisme analytique peuvent être compatibles.
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Schultess, Daniel. "L'individuation selon Brentano." Philosophiques 26, no. 2 (October 2, 2002): 219–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/004981ar.
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RÉSUMÉ Brentano, expert et continuateur de l’ontologie aristotélicienne, traite du problème métaphysique de l’individuation dans un petit nombre d’écrits (réunis dans le recueil intitulé Kategorienlehre ). Il retient pour ce problème une solution ordinairement rejetée, l’individuation par le lieu (qui serait de l’ordre de l’accident dans la perspective d’Aristote et comme tel impropre à fournir le principe de l’individuation ). À ce titre, il occupe une position originale. La notion de lieu, cependant, tout comme plus généralement la notion de l’accident, ressort tout à fait transformée des analyses de Brentano : le lieu devient une détermination substantielle, non accidentelle, des corps. Dans des écrits tardifs, Brentano étend son analyse du lieu à une cosmologie qui n’admet qu’une seule substance corporelle étendue, dont les corps particuliers sont les accidents.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Position originale"
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Rodier, Sylvie. "Evaluation et apprentissage du sens de la position : utilisation d'une méthode originale au niveau de l'articulation du genou." Aix-Marseille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX11056.
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Le sens de la position au niveau du genou est etudie a l'aide d'une procedure experimentale de reproduction d'une position angulaire dite position de reference. Trois taches experimentales sont proposees aux sujets, deux taches intermodalitaires faisant intervenir les modalites visuelle (v) et proprioceptive (p) (taches p-v et v-p) et une tache intramodalitaire faisant intervenir uniquement la modalite proprioceptive (tache p-p), qui les realisent selon differentes conditions (positionnement actif ou passif du genou teste). De plus, une troisieme condition, appelee apprentissage du sens de la position, nous permet d'examiner la possibilite d'affiner le sens de la position en utilisant une methode basee sur la connaissance de l'erreur commise. Les principaux resultats obtenus au cours de ce travail sont d'une part la superiorite, en condition active, des performances realisees au cours de la tache intramodalitaire par rapport a celles enregistrees au cours des taches intermodalitaires, ces deux dernieres ne differant pas entre elles, et d'autre part la variabilite de l'effet du facteur activite-passivite selon la nature de la tache consideree. Par ailleurs, l'analyse des resultats obtenus par des patients hemiplegiques fait apparaitre, pour les taches intermodalitaires, un effet de lateralite important chez les hemiplegiques gauches qui n'existe pas chez les hemiplegiques droits. Enfin, la comparaison des performances realisees avant, pendant et apres l'apprentissage montre clairement qu'il est possible d'ameliorer le sens de la position au niveau du genou. Ce dernier resultat nous laisse penser qu'une telle procedure serait utilisable dans certaines neuropathologies pour lesquelles on pourrait attendre une amelioration du sens de la position et du schema corporel mais egalement, et par voie de consequence, des progres dans certaines performances motrices
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LEROY, VIEMON LEROY BRIGITTE. "Le fondement originaire de l'ethique processus autopoietique de la position sujet." Montpellier 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON30010.
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La these avancee et developpee dans cette recherche est qu'il n'y a pas de position sujet sans fondement de l'ethique. Cette derniere se presente comme la base d'appui sur laquelle s'articule la rencontre paradoxale entre le sujet de la representation et son irrepresentable desir. La relation synchronique qui s'etablit ainsi entre la realite psychique et le reel de ce desir (meconnu mais eprouve) transforme le lien a autrui : la position d'asservissement a l'autre s'inflechit en une position d'assujetissement par laquelle le sujet peut regler sereinement sa reponse a l'attente de l'autorite. Toute confrontation du sujet psychique avec le reel peut devenir l'occurrence d'un travail d'avenement de la position sujet. L'investigation clinique a choisi d'etudier l'experience paradigmatique de la rencontre esthetique pour modeliser ce processus autopoietique de la position sujet. Elle demontre qu'il s'autogenere aux interfaces de la psyche, que son operateur est le processus psychique originaire et son agent, le rythme. Elle atteste egalement que le travail psychique d'ou emerge la position ethique se deploie essentiellement dans le fantasme par un mouvement d'illusion-desillusion. Celuici devient le ressort d'une clinique du risque : le psychologue va favoriser l'emergence dans la relation clinique de cette illusion narcissique d'autoengendrement. Reconnaissant en elle l'essence originaire qui pousse a la mise en forme la plus archaique du desir, il emboite le pas au processus autopoietique pour travailler a l'evenement de la position sujetThe thesis developped in this search is that a subjective position can't come to light without originating base of ethic. The inquiry shows how the foundation of ethic is proceeding. At last, as the ethical base joints the psychic thinking of the personality and her unknown desire together, the relationship changes. The person who was a slave to the authority transforms her bonds into free ties : she can set quetly her subjective position, coming up to the authority's expectations in self-respect
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Vinckel-Roisin, Hélène. "Réalisations "originales" de l'après-dernière position en allemand contemporain : projection à droite et adjonction." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040026.
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Les réalisations " originales " de l'après-dernière position (ADP) font foison en allemand contemporain. À quelles fins le locuteur exploite-t-il l'ADP ? Sur la base de quels critères est-il possible de dresser une taxinomie des occupants " originaux " de l'ADP, ces constituants non verbaux de l'énoncé verbal que l'on n'attendrait pas à cet endroit ? S'appuyant sur des données syntaxiques, prosodiques et communicatives voire rhétoriques, trois chapitres tentent de répondre à ces questions. La synthèse des ouvrages existant sur le Nachfeld / ADP et ses formes d'occupation " originale " (Ausklammerung, Nachtrag, Rechtsversetzung), proposée au chapitre 1, révèle - outre une inflation terminologique notoire - maintes divergences entre les linguistes. Ces constatations motivent la redéfinition de l'ADP entreprise dès le début du chapitre 2, à partir d'un corpus de discours politiques. La théorie de la démarcation de E. Faucher (1984) en toile de fond, l'ADP est définie comme l'espace situé au-delà de la dernière position matérialisée par un démarcateur dernier, au niveau de l'énoncé verbal. Elle peut être occupée de manière " originale " par un constituant qui a fait l'objet soit d'une projection à droite, soit d'une adjonction. Ces deux procédés discursifs au fonctionnement syntactico-prosodique différent sont utilisés à proportion dans un but avant tout rhétorique (chapitre 3). À des fins de complétude ou de persuasion, l'ADP représente une position stratégique tant au niveau textuel qu'au niveau argumentatifContemporary German counts many original postfield constructions. Following what aim does a speaker make use of these constructions? Which criteria can be used to create a taxonomy of the original occupants of postfield constructions, those non-verbal constituents of an utterance which one wouldn't expect in such a position? Relying on syntactical, prosodic, communicative and even rhetorical data, three chapters attempt to answer these questions. The state of the art of literature about the Nachfeld / postfield and the different original occupation forms it takes (Ausklammerung, Nachtrag, Rechtsversetzung), found in Chapter 1, reveals a flood of terminology as well as a large number of divergences between linguists. These observations have led to redefining the postfield at the beginning of Chapter 2, using a corpus of political speeches. With E. Faucher's theory of demarcation (1984) as a backdrop, the postfield is defined as the space located after a final break at the level of the utterance. This space can be filled by a constituent resulting from a right projection or an addition. These two discursive devices, although syntactically and prosodically different, are used for identical rhetorical purposes (Chapter 3). Whether it be for completeness or convincing, the postfield is a strategic position at the level of both the text and the argumentation
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Alexis, Anthony. "Origine et physique d'annihilation des positrons dans la Galaxie." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01044495.
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Une émission gamma à 511 keV est observée depuis le début des années 1970 dans la direction du centre Galactique. Cette émission est la signature de l'annihilation d'électrons avec des positrons qui sont les antiparticules des électrons. Malheureusement, l'origine de ces positrons galactiques reste à l'heure actuelle un mystère. De nombreuses sources de positrons ont été proposées mais elles présentent toutes des difficultés à expliquer cette émission d'annihilation galactique. Celle-ci possède une distribution spatiale particulière. Depuis 2002, le spectromètre SPI à bord de l'observatoire spatial INTEGRAL révèle une émission fortement concentrée dans le bulbe galactique et une faible émission en provenance du disque galactique. Cette distribution spatiale est totalement atypique car elle ne ressemble à aucune distribution galactique connue, que ce soit d'une population stellaire ou d'un gaz interstellaire. L'hypothèse selon laquelle les positrons s'annihilent à proximité de leur source (c.-à-d. que la distribution spatiale de l'émission d'annihilation est identique à la distribution spatiale des sources) a donc été remise en cause. Des études récentes semblent suggérer que les positrons pourraient se propager loin de leur source avant de s'annihiler. Ceci permettrait de résoudre éventuellement l'énigme sur l'origine des positrons galactiques. Cette thèse a été consacrée à modéliser la propagation puis l'annihilation des positrons dans la Galaxie, dans le but de comparer des modèles spatiaux de l'émission d'annihilation aux dernières données mesurées par SPI/INTEGRAL. Cette méthode nous permet en effet de poser des contraintes sur l'origine des positrons galactiques. Nous avons donc développé un code de simulation Monte Carlo de transport des positrons dans la Galaxie dans lequel nous avons implémenté toutes les connaissances théoriques et observationnelles de la physique des positrons (sources, modes de transport, pertes en énergie, modes d'annihilation) et du milieu interstellaire de la Galaxie (distributions du gaz interstellaire, champs magnétiques galactiques, structure des phases gazeuses). Dues aux incertitudes entourant de nombreux paramètres physiques (champs magnétique du halo galactique, structure des phases du milieu interstellaire, etc.), nous avons implémenté plusieurs modèles pouvant potentiellement rendre compte de ces paramètres. Ces paramétrages différents de la Galaxie nous ont ainsi permis d'estimer leur impact sur la propagation et l'émission d'annihilation des positrons. Nous avons appliqué ce code à l'étude des positrons émis par la décroissance β+ de l'26Al, du 44Ti et du 56Ni qui sont continûment produits dans la Galaxie au coeur des étoiles massives et des explosions de supernovae. Nous avons étudié ces sources car l'idée que celles-ci pourraient expliquer l'émission d'annihilation galactique est largement répandue depuis des décennies. Nous avons montré que, peu importe le paramétrage de la Galaxie, ces positrons permettent d'expliquer l'émission du disque mais pas la totalité de l'émission du bulbe. La raison est simple : ces positrons ne se propagent pas très loin de leur source avant de s'annihiler. Dans ce cadre, une source supplémentaire de positrons dans le bulbe est nécessaire pour rendre compte de la totalité de l'émission. Nous avons montré qu'une source transitoire de positrons (d'énergie ~MeV) située au centre de la Galaxie pourrait expliquer l'émission du bulbe.
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Yalcindag, Erhan. "Origine, adaptation et évolution de Plasmodium falciparum dans un nouvel environnement : L’analyse d’une espèce invasive." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20121/document.
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Résumé : La biologie évolutive permet de comprendre et de retracer l'origine des espèces ou des populations, de comprendre leurs dispersions dans différentes zones et d'analyser les différentiations résultant de ces évolutions. L'invasion biologique et les espèces envahissantes en général sont de bons modèles pour étudier et comprendre l'adaptation à de nouveaux environnements. Plasmodium falciparum, un protozoaire parasite agent du paludisme, a envahit de nouvelles populations hôtes et de nouvelles espèces de vecteurs à plusieurs reprises. Notre objectif était d'étudier (i) l'introduction, l'origine et la distribution de P. falciparum dans des environnements radicalement différents : dans une nouvelle aire géographique tout d'abord (en Amérique du Sud) puis dans une nouvelle espèce hôte (chez les primates) et (ii) de déterminer les gènes potentiellement impliqués dans l'adaptation à ces nouveaux environnements. Ces questions ont été abordées à travers différentes approches réunissant des analyses de génétique des populations, de phylogéographie ainsi que des analyses phylogénétiques. Les résultats obtenus démontrent pour la première fois que, P. falciparum a été introduit par l'homme au moins à deux reprises en Amérique du Sud à partir de l'Afrique. Cette thèse a aussi permis de démontrer pour la première fois que ce parasite circule naturellement chez les primates non-humains. L'analyse des patrons de sélection sur des gènes candidats jouant un rôle dans l'invasion des hématies par le parasite a été réalisée afin de déterminer si des évolutions adaptatives particulières avaient opérées sur ces gènes dans ces nouveaux environnements. L'ensemble de nos résultats démontrent que P. falciparum peut être considéré comme une espèce envahissante et que ce parasite n'est en fait pas spécifique à l'homme. L'ensemble de notre travail nous a permis d'avancer dans la connaissance de ce modèle biologique en termes de stratégie d'émergence ou de réémergence dans différents environnements. Nos résultats soulignent les changements qui ont opéré dans la distribution géographique et l'émergence du spectre d'hôte utilisé par P. falciparum au cours de son histoire évolutive passée et présente ce qui peut laisser craindre d'autres évolutions à l'avenir.Mots clés : Invasion biologique, espèce invasive, parasite, origine, adaptation, sélection, maladies émergente, Plasmodium falciparum, Amérique du Sud, génétique des populations, phylogéographie, marqueurs moléculaires, singesAbstract: The evolutionary biology allows to understand and to trace the origin of species or populations, to understand their dispersions in different areas and analyse the resulting differentiation of these developments. The biological invasion and invasive species, in general, are good models to study and understand the adaptation to new environments. Plasmodium falciparum, a protozoan parasite, agent of the malaria, invades a new host and new vector species at several times. The objective of this thesis was to analyse (i) introduction, origin and distribution of P. falciparum in radically different environments; first, a new geographical area (South America); second, a new host species (in primates); and (ii) identify genes potentially involved in adaptation to new environments. I addressed these questions using different approaches, including population genetics, phylogeographic analyses, and also phylogenetic analyses. The results demonstrate for the first time, P. falciparum has been introduced by humans at least twice in South America from Africa. This thesis has also demonstrated for the first time that this parasite circulates naturally in nonhuman primates. The analysis of the patterns of the selection on candidate genes play a role in the invasion of erythrocytes by the parasite was performed to determine if adaptive evolutions were occur on these specific genes in these new environments. Overall, our results demonstrate that P. falciparum can be considered an invasive species and that parasite is not specific to humans. All of our work allowed us to advance in the knowledge of the biological model in terms of strategy emergence or reemergence in different environments. Our results highlight the changes that have taken place in the geographical distribution and the emergence of host range used by P. falciparum during its evolutionary history, past and present which may raise concerns of other developments in the future. Keywords : Biological invasion, invasive species, parasite, origin, adaptation, selection, emerging infectious diseases, Plasmodium falciparum, South America, population genetics, phylogeography, molecular markers, apes
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Marinho, William Tito Schuman [UNIFESP]. "A concepção da posição original na filosofia de John Rawls: uma reconstrução histórico-filosófica até A theory of justice." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2013. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/39318.
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A ideia central da teoria da justiça de John Rawls, a justiça como equidade, como elaborada desde os seus escritos iniciais até a “edição-tradução revista” de A theory of justice, é apresentar uma concepção de justiça que generalize e eleve a um nível mais alto de abstração a tradicional concepção do contrato social, tal como estabelecida por Locke, Rousseau e Kant. O contrato social, no entanto, é substituído por uma situação inicial que contém certas restrições (sobre a concepção de bem e pelo véu de ignorância) aos argumentos, com o objetivo de conduzir as partes a um consenso justo sobre princípios de justiça. Essa interpretação (mais geral e abstrata da concepção do contrato social) é alcançada por intermédio da ideia, tanto intuitiva, quanto fundamental e de justificação, da posição original. A posição original é apresentada como artifício hipotético e heurístico de representação, verdadeiro experimento do pensamento, e a sua construção é analisada segundo suas categorias próprias. Em linhas gerais, é ela uma situação hipotética de liberdade igual (definição) sobre o justo no status quo que, semelhante ao estado de natureza do contrato social (fundamento filosófico), assegura que pessoas livres e iguais (pressupostos), de forma racional, na condição de representantes dos cidadãos de uma sociedade bem-ordenada, sob um véu de ignorância (característica), escolham certa concepção de justiça, com a finalidade de chegar a um consenso sobre os princípios de justiça para a regulação, na cooperação entre todos, da estrutura básica da sociedade (objetivo). A perspectiva adotada na pesquisa é tanto histórica quanto interpretativa. É sugerida, logo na Introdução, uma reanálise da leitura da obra de John Rawls, considerando-a, na perspectiva histórico-evolutiva, não segundo sua “data de publicação”, mas segundo a “evolução de seus conceitos”. Por isso, a edição-revista de A theory of justice e Justice as fairness: A restatement, sob tal justificativa, são realocadas. No Capítulo 1 é apresentada uma visão geral sobre os pontos de vistas morais adotados, como justificativas, pela justiça como equidade. No Capítulo 2 é iniciada a descrição da “evolução conceitual” da posição original, segundo os escritos iniciais de John Rawls, em consideração aos anos de 1950 até 1971. Neste período são apresentados os elementos estruturais da posição original. No Capítulo 3 é analisada a posição original como estabelecida em A theory of justice, nos aspectos que diferem dos escritos anteriores e no que veio a ser considerado como mais polêmico. A “natureza” da posição original como “experimento do pensamento” é discutida. O Capítulo 4 retoma a descrição da “evolução conceitual” da posição original, mas, agora, a partir dos escritos posteriores a 1971, e institui um diálogo das ideias de John Rawls com outros, a partir de seus esclarecimentos, de suas réplicas e de suas (eventuais) revisões, considerando as críticas que lhe foram dirigidas após a edição original de A theory of justice até 1975, ano de publicação da sua “edição-tradução revista” em alemão. Como Conclusão, sugiro que a posição original, ao menos até 1975, é essencial ao sistema filosófico sobre a justiça de John Rawls; porém, isolada, é insuficiente para, no seu plano, justificar, seja inicialmente, a escolha dos dois princípios de justiça da justiça como equidade, ou, seja posteriormente, estabilizá-los. A justiça como equidade, nestas duas etapas ou graus de justificação, de escolha e de estabilidade – e sem considerar o “giro” do liberalismo político –, além da posição original, necessita, como “complemento”, de outras ideias fundamentais: a de pessoa, a de sociedade bem-ordenada e a de equilíbrio reflexivo.
The central idea of John Rawls’ theory of justice, the justice as fairness, as elaborated from his first writings up to the “translated-edition revised” of A theory of justice, is to present a conception of justice that generalizes and elevates to a higher level of abstraction the traditional concept of social contract, such as established by Locke, Rousseau and Kant. The social contract, however, is replaced by an initial situation that contains certain restrictions (about the conception of good and by the veil of ignorance) to the arguments, with the purpose of conducting the parties to a fair consensus about the principles of justice. This interpretation (more general and abstract of the conception of social contract) is reached through the idea, both intuitive and fundamental, and of justification of the original position. The original position is presented as hypothetical and heuristic artifice of representation, a real thought experiment, and its construction is analyzed according to its own categories. In outline, it is a hypothetical situation of equal liberty (definition) about the just in the status quo that, similar to the state of nature of the social contract (philosophical fundament), assures that free and equal persons (presuppositions), in a rational way, in the condition of representatives of citizens of a well-ordered society, under the veil of ignorance (characteristic), choose certain conception of justice, with the purpose of reaching a consensus about the principles of justice for the regulation, in the cooperation among all, of the basic structure of society (objective). The perspective adopted in the research is both historical and interpretative. It is suggested, soon in the Introduction, a re-analysis of the reading of John Rawls’s work, considering it, in the historicalevolutional perspective, not according to “the date of its publication”, but according to the “evolution of their concepts”. For that reason, the revised-edition of A theory of justice and Justice as fairness: A restatement, under such justification, are relocated. On Chapter 1 is presented a general view about the moral point of views adopted, as justifications, by the justice as fairness. On Chapter 2 is initiated a description of the “conceptual evolution” of the original position, according to John Rawls’s initial writings, in consideration to years 1950 to 1971. In that period, the structural elements of the original position are presented. On Chapter 3 is analyzed the original position as established in the A theory of justice, in the aspects that differ from previous writings and which came to be considered as the most controversial. The “nature” of original position as “thought experiment” is discussed. The Chapter 4 retakes the description of the “conceptual evolution” of the original position, but now beginning from writings after 1971 and establishes a dialogue of John Rawls’s ideas with others, starting from his explanations, his replies and his (eventual) revisions, considering the critiques directed to him after the original edition of A theory of justice, up to 1975, year of the publication of the “translatededition revised” in German. As Conclusion, I suggest that the original position, at least until 1975, it is essential to the John Rawls’s philosophical system about justice; however, isolated, it is not sufficient to, in his plan, justify, be initially, the choice of the two principles of justice of the justice as fairness, or, be later, to stabilize them. The justice as fairness, in these two stages or justifications degrees, of choice and of stability – and without considering the political liberalism’s “turn” – besides the original position, needs, as “complement”, of other fundamental ideas: of person, of well-ordered society and of reflective equilibrium.
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Trindade, Ubiratan. "Justiça distributiva: uma leitura da obra de John Rawls." Universidade do Vale do Rio do Sinos, 2008. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/2031.
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Previous issue date: 17Milton Valente
Uma distribuição de renda mais justa tem sido debatida como forma de viabilizar as sociedades democráticas com características liberais. O problema a ser examinado nesta investigação é justamente as possibilidades que têm os governos chamados liberais, de promoverem reformas que resultem em tais possibilidades. Neste sentido, nós estaremos dando enfoque à obra Uma teoria da justiça do filósofo norte-americano John Rawls. Inserida na tradição contratualista, elabora uma proposta de justiça como eqüidade, colocando-se como uma alternativa à doutrina utilitarista. Governos democráticos, conforme Rawls, devem ser garantidores de políticas públicas que tenham como conseqüência uma firme justiça distributiva. Esses governos devem ser plurais, e conflitos de ordem filosófica, moral ou religiosa não devem impedir um acordo razoável como forma de viabilizar a estrutura básica da sociedade. Utilizando-se de um artifício racional, em que os acordos celebrados são válidos para todos, Rawls cria o artifício da posição ori
A fairer income distribution has been debated as a way of making viable the democratic societies with liberal characteristics. The problem to be examined in this investigation is exatly the possibilities that the governments called liberal have, promoting reforms that result in such possibilities. In this way, we will be giving focus on the work A theory of justice from the American philosopher Jhon Rawls. Inserted in the contractualist traditions, it elaborates a justice as fairness, placing itself as an alternative to the utilitarian doctrine. The democratic governments, according to Rawls, must ensure that public politics have a consistent distributive justice as a consequence. These governments must be plural, and conflits of philosophical, moral or religious order must not prevent a reasonable agreement as a way of making viable a basic structure of the society. Using a rational artifice in which the agreementes are valid for everyone, Rawls creates the artifice of original position. In this situation th
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Shengxi, Ding, Zhang Qishan, and Li Xianliang. "STUDY ON OEM-BASED DIFFERENTIAL GPS." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/608441.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 25-28, 1999 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaTwo kinds of differential GPS (DGPS) technology on position differential GPS and pseudo-range differential GPS are studied and compared in this paper. Positioning tests by single GPS receiver, position DGPS and pseudo-range DGPS systems based on GPSOEM board are done. Experiment result indicates that position error is about 30 - 100 meters on single GPS receiver and position error is reduced to 3 - 10 meters on DGPS. Furthermore, Developed DGPS system which is based on GPS-OEM has the advantages of low cost, utility and flexibility, etc.
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Lappalainen, Isa. "The Secret Ingredients to Moral Philosophy: Blood, Sweat, and Tears : On bad enough worst-case scenarios in experimental approximations of John Rawls' Original Position." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-374308.
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Felipe, Rosane Terezinha. "A idéia de posição original na teoria da justiça como eqüidade de John Rawls." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2008. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/2096.
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Previous issue date: 2008-07-04Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The objective of the present work consists in the investigation and exhibition of the conception of the original position in the theory of justice as fairness, drawn by John Rawls. For that, it is highlighted the way the author exhibits the agreement made in this initial situation of the choice, in other words, the parts symmetrically situated in the original position and covered by the veil of ignorance, that has the function to impede the passage of arbitrary information that can influence in the choice of the principles. Besides, the agreement made in the original position is characterized as hipothetical and non-historical. Rawls, in the subsequent works of A Theory of Justice, emphasizes that the misunderstanding about the hypothetical aspect of this position is due to the fact it isn´t seen as a representation artifice. By this way , in order to understand the argumentation about the original position, it treats the doctrines, in which the theory of justice as fairness, is presented as an alternative, with the intent to contextualize the theory of Rawls. From the works of the own author, it looks for presenting the fundamental ideas and the way how they are linked in this theory. Besides, they are object of study the role and the characteristics of this initial situation of the choice and the principles of justice, as the result of the agreement made between the parts in the original position, are objects of the study. This position is understood as an initial situation of the suitable equality for the choice of the principles, that must specify the fair terms of the society understood as a system of social cooperation.
O objetivo do presente trabalho consiste na investigação e exposição da concepção de posição original na teoria da justiça como eqüidade, elaborada por John Rawls. Para isso, destaca a maneira como o autor expõe o acordo realizado nesta situação inicial de escolha, ou seja, as partes simetricamente situadas na posição original e encobertas pelo véu de ignorância, que tem como função impedir a passagem de informações arbitrárias que possam influenciar na escolha dos princípios. Além disso, o acordo realizado na posição original é caracterizado como hipotético e a-histórico. Rawls, nas obras posteriores a Uma Teoria da Justiça, destaca que o mal-entendido quanto ao aspecto hipotético desta posição está no fato dela não ser vista como um artifício de representação. Desta forma, a fim de compreender a argumentação acerca da posição original, trata-se das doutrinas nas quais a teoria da justiça como eqüidade é apresentada como uma alternativa, com o intuito de contextualizar a teoria de Rawls. A partir das obras do próprio autor, procura apresentar as idéias fundamentais e a forma como estão interligadas nesta teoria. Além disso, são objetos de estudo o papel e as características dessa situação inicial de escolha e os princípios de justiça, como o resultado do acordo realizado entre as partes na posição original. Esta posição é compreendida como uma situação inicial de igualdade adequada para a escolha dos princípios, que devem especificar os termos eqüitativos da sociedade compreendida como um sistema de cooperação social.
Books on the topic "Position originale"
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Hinton, Timothy, ed. The Original Position. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781107375321.
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Woolley, Frances. Intergenerational altruism and the irrelevance of redistribution in Rawls' original position. London: Taxation, Incentives and the Distribution of Income Programme, Suntory-Toyota International Centre for Economics and Related Disciplines, London School of Economics, 1989.
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Morgan, John. A study of counsellors/psychotherapists motivation to shift from their original theoretical positionto either an eclectic or integrative theoretical orientation. Guildford: University of Surrey, 1996.
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Omodeo, Pietro Daniel. Amerigo Vespucci: The Historical Context of His Explorations and Scientific Contribution. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-402-8.
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This book offers a new reconstruction of Amerigo Vespucci’s navigational and scientific endeavours in their historical context. The author argues that all of the manuscripts or texts that Vespucci left to posterity are reliable and true, except for several amendments imposed upon him for reasons linked to the political and economic interests of those who authorised him to undertake his journeys or which were the result of relationships with his companions. The earliest genuine documentation, which dates from the late fifteenth century or early sixteenth century, confirms this position. Fortunately, careful philological studies of Vespucci’s principal written works are available, while some of his original drawings, which confirm, clarify and enrich what he narrated in his letters, can be identified in Waldseemüller’s large map known as Universalis cosmographia (1507).
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Staunton, Howard. The chess-players handbook: A popular and scientific introduction to the game of chess, exemplified in games actually played by the greatest masters, and illustrated by numerous diagrams of original and remarkable positions. London: Batsford, 1985.
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Mal'shina, Nataliya, and Andrey Garnov. Culture and creative industry: the control of flow processes. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1158704.
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The cultural industry should become attractive for capital investment through the development of project activities, organizational and economic support mechanisms in the form of integrated structures, as well as through the development of mechanisms for its financing: multi-channel cultural financing systems and public-private partnerships that would create prerequisites for the emergence and implementation of new ideas and projects in the field of culture, contributing to its formation as a full-fledged source of state income. As a result of the implementation of this project, original new fundamental theoretical positions and empirical data in the field of the cultural and creative industries were obtained. The research focuses on the analysis of the fundamental foundations of the functioning of the cultural and creative industries, solves the scientific problems of evaluating its effectiveness and justifying the directions of support and financing, develops strategies and mechanisms for the development of the Russian cultural industry in accordance with the specifics and needs of regional economies. For a wide range of readers interested in the development of the cultural industry.
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Nekrasov, Stanislav. Social dialectics of prehistory. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1078147.
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The author of the monograph, written on the original material, restores the classical scientific social philosophy, which allows the means of dialectical methodology and materialism in sociology to predict the end of the prehistory of antagonistic epochs and the beginning of the true history of a single humanity.
The new industrialization at the moment of transition from prehistory to history creates civilizational neo-industrialism as a dialectical synthesis of traditional civilization and progressive formation in the form of new socialism. The global project of neo-industrialism civilizes humanity — saves it from barbarism, wars, social inequality, and the destruction of nature. In historical Russia, civilizing development is realized at the expense of new industrialization and the solution of general democratic tasks with the transition to post-capitalist tasks.
Conceptually, civilizational neo-industrialism acts as the fifth world theory, which makes it possible to understand the future of the dialectic of new social forces in the transition from prehistory to history.
It is of interest to postgraduates, researchers and a wide range of readers in order to determine the worldview position, clarify the philosophical base of science and search for scientists, understand the dialectics of social existence and social consciousness.
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Thomas, Emily. Creation, Divine Freedom, and Catharine Cockburn. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198810261.003.0014.
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This chapter argues that Catharine Cockburn occupies an original and unique position in the debate surrounding God’s freedom and the intellectualist/voluntarist dispute. While she advances an intellectualist position—according to which God knows what is morally right, and his will is constrained to create within the confines of his knowledge—for Cockburn, God nonetheless enjoys a broad range of options. This position is defended by looking at Cockburn’s reaction to arguments made by Edmund Law and her relation to positions advocated in the Leibniz–Clarke correspondence. Special attention is paid to the role that possible worlds play in Cockburn’s arguments, as well as to the conception of the contingency of laws (both moral and natural), which is at play in Cockburn’s work.
Book chapters on the topic "Position originale"
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Bernstein, Alyssa R. "Original Position." In Encyclopedia of Global Justice, 786–91. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9160-5_340.
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Bernstein, Alyssa R. "Second Original Position." In Encyclopedia of Global Justice, 979–83. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9160-5_385.
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van Atten, Mark. "The Original Positions." In Brouwer Meets Husserl, 11–52. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5087-9_4.
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Arvan, Marcus. "The Moral Original Position." In Rightness as Fairness, 140–52. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137541819_6.
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Campbell, Catherine Galko. "Defense of the Original Position." In Persons, Identity, and Political Theory, 81–102. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7917-4_5.
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Schmidt, Johannes. "‘Original Position’ und Reflektives Gleichgewicht." In Gerechtigkeit, Diskurs oder Markt?, 45–64. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-94348-4_4.
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Cheneval, Francis. "Multilateral Democracy: The “Original Position”." In The Government of the Peoples, 113–29. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230339521_7.
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Frey, Bruno S. "Eine positive Alternative: Neue Originale." In Venedig ist überall, 43–61. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-30279-5_3.
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Steinmair-Pösel, Petra. "Original Sin, Positive Mimesis." In The Palgrave Handbook of Mimetic Theory and Religion, 185–92. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-53825-3_25.
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Mandle, Jon. "The Choice from the Original Position." In A Companion to Rawls, 128–43. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118328460.ch7.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Position originale"
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Li, Guangsheng, Dan Chen, Ning Wei, and Yanwei Cheng. "Research on original position testing method for armored vehicles starting system." In Instruments (ICEMI). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemi.2009.5274538.
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Watkins, Derek, and J. Keith Nisbett. "A Closed Form Method for Backtracking From a Modified Burmester Curve to a Set of Precision Positions." In ASME 1996 Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-detc/mech-1195.
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Abstract A method is presented, in the context of Burmester theory, which backtracks from a modified set of poles to a set of precision positions which is likely to satisfy the original precision position tolerances. The motivation is to provide a means of manipulating the Burmester curves into desired regions by moving the poles rather than the precision positions directly. The procedure correlates a movement of a pole to a new set of precision positions which are determined to be more than likely nearest to the original set of precision positions. By checking the most likely precision positions, it is not necessary to check the remaining infinite possible sets of precision positions. Thus, even though it is theoretically impossible to backtrack from four poles to a unique set of precision positions, with this method it is practically possible to do so.
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Jiang, Chenguang, Yong He, Jianguo Peng, and Fengqin Wang. "Research on Subsidence Ageing of Soft Soil Roadbed Based on Original Position Monitor." In International Conference on Logistics Engineering, Management and Computer Science (LEMCS 2015). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/lemcs-15.2015.40.
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Ma, Xu, and Song Fu. "Position-Aware Recalibration Module: Learning From Feature Semantics and Feature Position." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/111.
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We present a new method to improve the representational power of the features in Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). By studying traditional image processing methods and recent CNN architectures, we propose to use positional information in CNNs for effective exploration of feature dependencies. Rather than considering feature semantics alone, we incorporate spatial positions as an augmentation for feature semantics in our design. From this vantage, we present a Position-Aware Recalibration Module (PRM in short) which recalibrates features leveraging both feature semantics and position. Furthermore, inspired by multi-head attention, our module is capable of performing multiple recalibrations where results are concatenated as the output. As PRM is efficient and easy to implement, it can be seamlessly integrated into various base networks and applied to many position-aware visual tasks. Compared to original CNNs, our PRM introduces a negligible number of parameters and FLOPs, while yielding better performance. Experimental results on ImageNet and MS COCO benchmarks show that our approach surpasses related methods by a clear margin with less computational overhead. For example, we improve the ResNet50 by absolute 1.75% (77.65% vs. 75.90%) on ImageNet 2012 validation dataset, and 1.5%~1.9% mAP on MS COCO validation dataset with almost no computational overhead. Codes are made publicly available.
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Liu, Jun, Ahmad Asad, Kejian Nie, Wanliang Fang, Junxian Hou, and Zutao Xiang. "Research of transformer modeling considering the influence of tap positions on original parameters." In 2016 IEEE PES Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/appeec.2016.7779879.
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Murray, Andrew P., and J. Michael McCarthy. "Five Position Synthesis of Spatial CC Dyads." In ASME 1994 Design Technical Conferences collocated with the ASME 1994 International Computers in Engineering Conference and Exhibition and the ASME 1994 8th Annual Database Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1994-0188.
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Abstract This paper presents a new technique for determining the fixed axes of spatial CC dyads for rigid body guidance through five finitely separated positions. A CC dyad is a kinematic chain consisting of a floating link connected by a cylindric joint to a crank which in turn is connected to ground by a second cylindric joint. The lines that can be axes of the fixed joint are shown to be obtained from a “compatibility platform” constructed from selected relative screw axes associated with the five specified displacements. We show that the screw axis of the displacement of this platform is a fixed axis of a CC dyad compatible with the five positions. Roth’s original example is presented to verify the calculations. The specialization of this procedure to planar and spherical five position synthesis is also presented.
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Steager, Edward, M. Selman Sakar, Dalhyung Kim, Vijay Kumar, George J. Pappas, and Min Jun Kim. "Hybrid Control and Transport Using Bacteria-Driven Microbiorobots." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-11327.
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We are examining techniques for manipulation of microfabricated elements using arrays of bacteria as microactuators. Flagellated Serratia marcescens bacteria are attached to microstructures using a blotting technique that creates a bacterial monolayer carpet. These bacterial carpets naturally self-coordinate to propel the microstructures. We refer to these constructs as microbiorobots (MBR). Generally, the motion pattern of the MBRs is largely rotational in nature, and the center of mass deviates no more than several hundred microns from its original position. However, the angular velocity and orientation of the MBRs may be controlled using ultraviolet light stimulus, and the translational position may be adjusted using electrokinetic stimulus. Here, we demonstrate precision positional adjustment of a microbiorobotic transporter that is used to engage and transport cube-shaped particles 10 μm on each side.
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Weekes, Alix M., and B. Serpil Acar. "Testing to Investigate the Use of Lap Belt Positioners During Pregnancy." In ASME 2010 10th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2010-25398.
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Some pregnant women do not use the seat belt, and many have the lap belt incorrectly positioned across the abdomen instead of across the hips. Seat belt positioners are available as aftermarket products that claim to hold the lap belt in the correct position and prevent it from riding upward onto the abdomen. The Hybrid III 5th percentile female dummy with MAMA2B pregnancy conversion kit is used to investigate comparatively whether the positioners increase or decrease the protection of the original seat belt. The tests clearly support the correct positioning of the lap belt over the hips rather than on the abdomen. The tests suggest the use of the aftermarket seat belt positioners offers no obvious disadvantage (higher abdominal pressure) compared to use of the lap belt in the correct position across the hips. It can be concluded that if the use of positioners encourages pregnant women firstly to use the seat belt, and secondly possibly to help position it correctly across the hips, then this might offer benefit.
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Yi, Quan, Bin Cao, Jian-chang Yang, Guo-dong Xie, and Zong-ren Liu. "Research on general on-line detection of optic-axis parallelism for vehicle observation and aiming systems based on original position." In 2011 International Conference on Electric Information and Control Engineering. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceice.2011.5778240.
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Ouyang, P. R., and Truong Dam. "Position Domain PD Control for Contour Tracking." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-38962.
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For multi-axis motion control applications, contour tracking is one of the most common control problems encountered by industrial manipulators and robots. In this paper, a position domain PD control method is proposed for the purpose of improving the contour tracking performance. To develop the new control method, the multi-axis motion system is viewed as a master-slave motion system where the master motion is sampled equidistantly and used as an independent variable, while the slave motions are described as functions of the master motion according to the contour tracking requirements. The dynamic model of the multi-axis motion system is developed in the position domain based on the master motion by transforming the original system dynamic equations from the time domain to the position domain. In this control methodology, the master motion will yield zero tracking error for the position as it is used as reference, and only the slave motion tracking errors will affect the final contour tracking errors. The proposed position domain PD controller is successfully examined in a Cartesian robotic system for linear motion tracking and circular contour tracking.
Reports on the topic "Position originale"
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Thomas, Müller. The 1946 - 1956 Hydrographic Data Archive at the Institut für Meereskunde, Kiel, digitized: a data guide. GEOMAR, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/geomar_rep_ns_58_2021.
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This report is thought as a guide to early hydrographic log sheets of bottle data obtained by the former Institut für Meereskunde, Kiel (IFMK, now integrated into GEOMAR) in the post-war years 1946 to 1956, and which in summer 2018 when a building used by GEOMAR was to clear were not available in digitized format at GEOMAR. The data mostly were taken by the research cutter FK “Südfall” in the Baltic. It turned out that some of these data from 1950 to 1956 were available in digitized form at the on-line data bank of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES). Comparison with the original logged data sheets, however, showed that they needed to be improved w/r to time and position and to be completed by missing data. This report shortly describes the methods of sampling and measuring these old data, and the processing steps applied to improve the data set by using the data log sheets before archiving and submitting the now improved and complete data set to data centres for archiving.
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Vlaicu, Razvan. Trust, Collaboration, and Policy Attitudes in the Public Sector. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003280.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examines new data on public sector employees from 18 Latin American countries to shed light on the role of trust in the performance of government agencies. We developed an original survey taken during the first COVID-19 wave that includes randomized experiments with pandemic-related treatments. We document that individual-level trust in coworkers, other public employees, and citizens is positively related to performance-enhancing behaviors, such as cooperation and information-sharing, and policy attitudes, such as openness to technological innovations in public service delivery. Trust is more strongly linked to positive behaviors and attitudes in non-merit-based civil service systems. High-trust and low-trust respondents report different assessments of their main work constraints. Also, they draw different inferences and prefer different policy responses when exposed to data-based framing treatments about social distancing outcomes in their countries. Low-trust public employees are more likely to assign responsibility for a negative outcome to the government and to prefer stricter enforcement of social distancing.
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López Boo, Florencia, María de la Paz Ferro, and Pedro Carneiro. ¿Funciona integrar servicios de primera infancia con los servicios de salud?: Evidencia experimental del programa de visitas domiciliarias Cresça Com Seu Filho. Inter-American Development Bank, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003230.
Full textAbstract:
Un desafío clave de la política pública es cómo llevar a escala programas de primera infancia efectivos. Si la entrega de estos programas pudiera hacerse a través de la infraestructura de servicios públicos existentes, esto resultaría no solo escalable sino más costo-eficiente. Este documento es de los primeros en evaluar los impactos de corto plazo de un programa de visitas domiciliarias a escala integrado completamente con los servicios de atención primaria en salud (en este caso, la Estratégia Saúde da Família de Brasil). Nuestra estrategia de identificación explota la aleatorización original del programa Cresça Com Seu Filho en Fortaleza a nivel de agente comunitario de salud (ACS). En la estimación de intención de tratamiento (ITT, por sus siglas en inglés) encontramos un impacto positivo modesto en la calidad del entorno familiar (0.12 desvíos estándar, DE). Este resultado se alinea con el foco del currículo del programa en el cuidado sensible, receptivo y no punitivo de los niños. No encontramos evidencia de impacto en desarrollo infantil, muy probablemente debido a los desafíos con la intensidad y la fidelidad de las visitas. Nuestros resultados apuntan a la importancia de mejorar los sistemas de supervisión y acompañamiento del personal para lograr mejoras en la fidelidad de la intervención, así como en esquemas de motivación intrínseca del recurso humano que, en un contexto de mayor carga laboral, resulta central para el éxito de este tipo de intervenciones.
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STUDY ON FORCE MECHANISM OF CABLE-TRUSS FRAME AND JUMPED LAYOUT OF ANNULAR CROSSED CABLE-TRUSS STRUCTURE. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/ijasc.2021.17.3.3.
Full textAbstract:
A new type of cable-strut tension structure named Annular Crossed Cable-truss Structure(ACCTS) comprises a series of planar cable-truss frames crossed each other. To investigate the force mechanism of ACCTS, a cable-truss frame model with 2-bar and 6-cable has been developed, and its initial stiffness formula has been derived as well. The model is further simplified to make it is upper and lower vector heights equal, and then the initial stiffness formula and the critical slack load formula are further deduced. Based on ANSYS software and cable-truss frame with a span of 60m, the influences of the number of struts and position of jumped layout on the cable-truss frame are studied. According to the former 60m span cable-truss frame's research results, the jumped layout of ACCTS with a span of 100m is studied. The static and dynamic performances of two schemes, the optimal jumped layout scheme and the original scheme, are systematically studied. It is shown that the number of struts would be about 6~8 for the planar cable-truss frame and the optimal order of jumped layout is strut 6-7→strut 4-5→strut 2-3. The optimal order of jumped layout of ACCTS agrees with that of the cable-truss frame, verifying the feasibility of conclusions. In the condition of no variation in the original structure's static and dynamic performance, the optimal scheme of the jumped layout will lower the steel consumption and enhance the buckling loads. Moreover, it also simplifies structure for easy construction.