Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Positive perfectionism'

Objective: This systematic review explored how “adjustment” is generally defined in adults with an acquired visible difference (AVD) and what positive psychological factors have been evidence to be associated with positive coping and processes of adjustment in AVD. Method: A systematic search for peer reviewed journal articles from 1980 to February 2016 was conducted using: PyschINFO, Medline, EMBASE and CINAHL. Studies were appraised according to eligibility criteria and evaluated against a quality criterion to assess risk of bias. Results: Fourteen studies were included and were in the areas of head and neck cancer, burns and amputation. Selected studies demonstrated inconsistent conceptualisations of adjustment ranging from: lack of psychopathology, resilience, post-traumatic growth and quality of life. Psychological factors identified were; social functioning (social support, social self-efficacy), coping strategies (emotion, problem-focused, active coping) and dispositional optimism. Studies were considered to be of moderate methodological quality with weaknesses including; a lack of control/comparison groups, lack of measure sensitive to the unique challenges of living with AVD and minimal account for confounding variables. Results are discussed in the context of future research implications. Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationship between two dimensions of attachment insecurity (avoidance and anxiety), body image dissatisfaction and perfectionism using theoretically driven multiple mediation models that included emotion dysregulation and interpersonal problems as hypothesised mediators. Method: Fifty female outpatients seeking cosmetic surgery on the National Health Service (NHS) and 26 females interested in seeking cosmetic surgery within the public domain participated in this cross-sectional study (N=76). Participants completed measures of attachment avoidance and anxiety, body image dissatisfaction, perfectionism, emotion dysregulation and interpersonal problems. Results: Attachment insecurity was significantly associated with body image dissatisfaction and perfectionism. Interpersonal problems and emotion dysregulation also significantly partially mediated the relationship between attachment insecurity and body image dissatisfaction, specifically satisfaction with discrete aspects of body parts. Emotion dysregulation was also found to significantly partially mediate the relationship between avoidant attachment and perfectionism, but not anxiety. The clinical implications of this research are discussed.

Les chercheurs de carrière reconnaissent de plus en plus la nécessité d’élargir leur champ d’intérêt pour faire avancer dans leur domaine. Une question doit encore être abordée par les chercheurs sur les carrières est ce qui conduit au succès subjectif de carrière. De plus, les spécialistes de la carrière ont négligé les mécanismes sous-jacents et les conditions qui pourraient influer sur le succès subjectif de la carrière. En conséquence, cette thèse vise à répondre à cette question par une étude quantitative des professionnels travaillant dans différentes industries en France. Pour ce faire, nous avons mené trois études qui examinent les facteurs non abordés et inexplorés qui pourraient améliorer le succès subjectif de la carrière. Dans l’étude 1, nous avons examiné la relation entre les orientations professionnelles protéiformes et sans frontières et le succès subjectif de carrière, avec comme médiation, le job crafting. Dans l’étude 2, nous avons examiné la relation entre les ressources d’adaptabilité de la carrière et le succès subjectif de carrière, modéré par la personnalité dite du loup solitaire et le perfectionnisme positif et médiatisé par le job crafting. Dans l’étude 3, nous avons examiné la relation entre les ressources de carrière motivationnelles et le succès subjectif de carrière, médiatisé par le job crafting. Au cours des trois études, nous avons trouvé des résultats significatifs à nos prédictions théoriques, qui contribuent aux carrières, à la personnalité et au job et qui fournissent des implications pratiques tant pour les managers que pour l’employé<br>Career researchers are increasingly recognizing the need to expand their focus to advance the field. One question still needs to be addressed by career researchers is what leads to subjective career success ? In addition, organizational career scholars have largely neglected the underlying mechanisms and boundary conditions that might affect one’s subjective career success. Accordingly, this dissertation aims to answer this question with a quantitative study of business professionals working in various industries in France. To do so, we conducted three studies to examine the unaddressed and unexplored factors that might enhance individuals subjective career success. In study 1, we examined the relationship between protean and boundaryless career orientations and subjective career success, as mediated by employee job crafting. In study 2, we examined the relationship between career adaptability resources and subjective career success, as moderated by lone wolf personality and positive perfectionism and mediated by employee job crafting. In study 3, we examined the relationship between motivational career resources and subjective career success, as mediated by employee job crafting. Across three studies, we found general support for our theoretical predictions, which contribute to the careers, personality, and job crafting literatures and provide practical implications for both the manager and the employee

Syftet med denna experimentella studie var att öka kunskapen om perfektionism genom att undersöka huruvida perfektionism går att påverka, hur perfektionism påverkar prestation samt hur olika perfektionismdimensioner tar sig uttryck i olika situationer. För att undersöka detta skapades ett internetexperiment innehållande en kort version av Pennebaker’s essay writing procedure (uppsatsskrivande-uppgift), en korrekturläsningsuppgift samt självskattningsformulär för olika perfektionismdimensioner och self-compassion. Deltagarna i studien randomiserades till två olika betingelsegrupper som fick skriva om en gång då de lyckats (pos. betingelsegrupp) eller en gång då de misslyckats (neg. betingelsegrupp). Resultatet visade på ett signifikant samband mellan perfektionismdimensionen perfectionist strivings och antalet ändringar i texten hos den negativa betingelsegruppen samt ett signifikant samband mellan self-compassion och antal skrivna ord i uppsatsskrivande-uppgiften före ändring i den positiva betingelsegruppen. Resultaten visade även på signifikanta korrelationsskillnader både mellan perfektionismdimensionen perfectionist strivings och antalet ändringar i texten samt mellan self-compassion och antalet skrivna ord i uppsatsskrivande-uppgiften. Resultaten tyder på att olika perfektionismdimensioner och self-compassion blir mer framträdande samt påverkar prestation på olika sätt beroende på om situationen är positiv eller negativ.

This paper reviews the concept of positive perfectionism as a misnomer that negatively impacts adolescent students. The author acknowledges that the majority of research relative to perfectionism points to a multidimensional orientation of this construct. Often multidimensionality has been used to indicate that perfectionism has both positive and negative applications for individuals (DiBartolo, Li, & Frost, 2008). Primarily a deleterious construct, perfectionism has been strongly associated with psychopathology. The author would like to offer perfectionism as a multidimensional construct that is ultimately maladaptive and harmful. Additionally, the author recommends replacing the term positive perfectionism with the more accurate concept of striving for excellence. This literature review is intended to offer educators, specifically school counselors, insight toward identifying and helping adolescents struggling with perfectionism and well-being.<br>text

碩士<br>國立臺灣海洋大學<br>教育研究所<br>104<br>This research aims to explore ‘perfectionism’, ‘positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA)’, ‘performance’ and their relationships on bowlers in Taiwan. The perfectionism is measured by ‘Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale’ (MPS-F) (Slaney et al., 2001) including three subscales: high standards, order and discrepancy; PA and NA is measured by ‘Positive and negative affect scale’ (PANAS) (Watson et al., 1998). The sample based on the blowers attending 2015 National Bowling Championship, 18 male teams (108 members) and 13 female teams (76 members), totally received 133 questionnaires, the response rate is 72.28%. The results show 1. the level of perfectionism is higher than median (M=4.8, Likert 7-point scale); the level of PA is lower than median (M=2.34, Likert 5-point scale); the level of NA is higher than median (M=3.68, Likert 5-point scale), the male bowlers total score mean is 4672.7 and the female bowlers total score mean is 4272.5. 2. regarding to perfectionism: The male bowlers is significantly higher than the female on ‘discrepancy’ and ‘with child’ is significantly higher than ‘without’ on ‘order’. Compared with female performance, the ‘unmarried’ is significantly higher than the married, the ‘without child’ is significantly higher than ‘with child’. 3. regarding to the male blower: the significant mediate negative correlations between ‘PA’ and ‘high standards’ (r=-.33); the mediate positive correlation between ‘NA’ and ‘order’ (r=.36); regarding to the female blower: the significant mediate negative correlations between ‘PA’ and ‘high standards’ (r=-.64) also and ‘PA’ and ‘order’ (r =-.49); the high negative correlation between ‘NA’ and ‘discrepancy’ (r=-.58); Hence, it is better for blowers to reduce the ‘high standards’ and ‘order’ for promoting ‘PA’ and diminishing ‘NA’.

Whole document restricted, see Access Instructions file below for details of how to access the print copy.<br>This thesis examines perfectionism in the context of domain-specificity, development and exploratory intervention within an alternative behavioural approach to perfectionism. The primary study moves beyond the view of "unhealthy" general perfectionism to explore the possibility of a Positive and Negative form of perfectionism in relation to specific domains of life (University/Work, Relationships, Physical Activity, Domestic Environment, and Appearance) in students, athletes and a clinical group. A mixed model of 3 (group) x 2 (perfectionism) x 5 (domain) for absolute perfectionism and a mixed model of 3 (group) x 5 (domain) for relative perfectionism were assessed using repeated measures ANOVA. Results for absolute perfectionism revealed two significant main effects (group and domain) and two 2-way interaction effects (group by domain; group by perfectionism), while results for relative perfectionism showed two main effects (group and domain). For absolute perfectionism, the interaction of domain by group suggested that clinical patients experienced perfectionism in specific domains, but that their levels of perfectionism were still higher than the university students and athletes. The University/Work domain was significantly higher than all the other domains for university students, while the University/Work domain and the physical Activity domain were higher than all other domains for athletes. The interaction of perfectionism by group showed that Negative Perfectionism differed between the three groups, while Positive Perfectionism was similar across the groups. For relative perfectionism, athletes reported higher Positive to Negative perfectionism than university students, while the clinical sample reported higher Negative to Positive Perfectionism than the university students. Overall, domain specificity was associated with total perfectionism only under certain conditions (i.e., group), while Positive and Negative Perfectionism differed only between the groups and not domains. These findings call into question the ease with which one can generalise perfectionism across all areas of life. In light of these findings on domain-specificity and interest in further exploring the perfectionism distinction within a behavioural framework, a separate study was conducted to explore themes around Positive and Negative Perfectionism. A positive and negative distinction of perfectionism was proposed on the basis of themes emerging from semi-structured retrospective interviews with l0 university students. Themes associated with Negative Perfectionism related to current experiences (e.g., fear of failure, avoiding negative consequences) and developmental influences (e.g., high parental expectations, parental absence/nonapproval). Themes associated with Positive Perfectionism also related to current experiences (e.g., flexibility, high self-esteem, balance) and developmental influences (e.g., authoritative parenting, consistent positive reinforcement). Stemming from the discussion of the themes of Positive and Negative Perfectionism, an exploratory intervention study grounded in rational-emotive behavioural therapy was conducted in order to attempt to reduce Negative Perfectionism in non-clinical individuals. Eight women participated in the intervention study based on a multiple baseline single-subject design, in an attempt to incorporate internal controls. All participants experienced reduction in Negative Perfectionism to varying degrees, while Positive Perfectionism remained fairly constant, providing preliminary evidence for a potentially effective perfectionism intervention. Thus, this thesis sheds new light on domain-specificity, development and intervention of perfectionism in an alternative behavioural framework of Positive and Negative Perfectionism. Key words: Perfectionism, Domain-Specificity, Positive Perfectionism, Negative Perfectionism.

碩士<br>國立臺灣海洋大學<br>教育研究所<br>105<br>This research aims to investigate the ‘perfectionism’, ‘aggressiveness’ and ‘positive/negative affect’ of the junior high school teachers in Keelung city and to explore the relationships among the three variables. The Almost Perfect Scale (APS-R)’ (Slaney, 2001) has been used for measuring ‘perfectionism’ and it includes ‘standards’, ‘orders’ and ‘discrepancy’, ‘The 12-item short form of the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ-SF)’ (Bryant & Smith, 2001) has been employed for measuring ‘aggressiveness’ which includes ‘physical attacks’, ‘verbal Attacks’, ’hostility’ and ‘rage’, furthermore, ‘Positive/Negative Affect Scale’ (Waston,Clark&Tellegen,1988) has been conducted for measuring ‘positive and negative affect’ which includes ‘positive affect’ and ‘negative affect’. Based on stratified sampling, there are 317 formal teachers within 15 public secondary schools in Keelung involved in this research, the response rate 95%. The research results indicate: 1. It tends to ‘adaptive perfectionism’. 2. It shows moderate low level of ‘aggressiveness’ 3. It shows moderate high level of positive affect. 4. It shows moderate low level of negative affect. 5. It shows significant moderate positive correlations between ‘aggressiveness’ and ‘discrepancy’ of non–adaptive perfectionism. 6. It shows significant moderate positive correlations between ‘aggressiveness’ and ‘negative affect’. 7. The ‘standards’, ‘positive affect’ and ‘negative affect’ have positive impact on ‘physical aggression’ and ‘verbal aggression’. 8. The ‘order’ and ‘discrepancy’ have negative impact on ‘physical aggression’ and ‘verbal aggression’. Hence, it is better to promote the self-awareness and sensitivity and to adjust self-statement moderately for reducing the level of aggressiveness in order to upgrade teachers’ mental health.

碩士<br>國立交通大學<br>教育研究所<br>98<br>The main purpose of this study was to explore the correlations of two-dimensional perfectionism, depression subtypes and positive affect, and taking subjective achievement stress and coping strategies as mediators or moderator. The instruments used in this study included Adolescent Two-Dimensional Perfectionism Scale, Subjective Achievement Stress Scale, Adolescent Coping Strategy Scale, Depression Scale, and Positive Affect Scale. The participants were 958 students cluster sampling from 13 senior high schools and vocational high schools in northern, central and southern Taiwan. The statistical methods used to analyze the data were one-way MONOVA, t-test, Pearson product-moment correlation, and hierarchical multiple regression. The main findings were as follows：1. There were significant differences between males and females in two-dimensional perfectionism, subjective achievement stress, coping strategies and depression subtypes, but no difference in positive affect. 2. Positive perfectionism was significantly associated with coping strategies and dependent depression, and negative perfectionism was significantly associated with subjective achievement stress, coping strategies, depression subtypes and positive affect. 3. Subjective achievement stress mediated the relation between negative perfectionism and depression subtypes or positive affect, but couldn’t mediate the relation between positive perfectionism and these outcomes. 4. Subjective achievement stress moderated the relation between positive perfectionism and depression subtypes or positive affect, but couldn’t moderate the relation between negative perfectionism and these outcomes. 5. Coping strategies of“complaining and isolation” and ”distraction and encouragement” could mediate the relation between positive perfectionism and dependent depression, and coping strategy of“complaining and isolation” also could mediate the relation between negative perfectionism and subjective achievement stress, depression subtypes or positive affect. Based on the findings in this study, future research directions and practical implications were proposed.

Trabalho Final do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina<br>Introdução: O interesse pelo perfeccionismo tem crescido ao longo dos anos, sendo um processo transdiagnóstico que aumenta a vulnerabilidade de várias condições psicopatológicas, incluindo perturbações do comportamento alimentar (PCA). Para além do perfecionismo, a afetividade negativa (AfN) também se associa às PCA, havendo uma potenciação do efeito do perfeccionismo maladaptativo pela AfN, tornando-se assim alvos a abordar em indivíduos com estes traços de personalidade.Objetivo: Analisar o papel do perfeccionismo e da afetividade negativa/positiva no comportamento alimentar perturbado, especificamente, analisar se a afetividade (negativa e positiva) é mediadora da relação entre perfeccionismo e as alterações do comportamento alimentar, em mulheres com excesso de peso.Materiais e Métodos: Participaram 270 mulheres com idade média de 43.85 anos (desvio padrão/DP=11.89), seguidas em consulta de nutrição num hospital publico por excesso de peso/obesidade, que preencheram questionários de autorresposta validados: Escala multidimensional do perfeccionismo (EMP); Versão portuguesa reduzida do Eating disorder examination – questionnaire (EDE-Q7); Perfil de estados de humor – Profile of mood states (POMS).Resultados: O perfeccionismo socialmente prescrito (PSP) correlacionou-se positiva e significativamente com o afeto e com as dimensões Sobreavaliação do peso e forma corporais (SAPFC) e Insatisfação corporal (IC) do EDE-Q7. Os modelos de mediação simples evidenciaram mediação parcial: o efeito direto do PSP com dimensões SAPFC e IC do EDE-Q7 e o efeito indireto do afeto positivo/negativo foram significativos. O perfeccionismo auto-orientado (PAO) não se mostrou significativamente relacionado com a afetividade nem a dimensão Restrição alimentar (RA) do EDE-Q7. Discussão: Uma das vias pelas quais o PSP influencia o comportamento alimentar perturbado, especificamente SAPFC e IC é através do afeto positivo/negativo. Intervenções direcionadas a traços de personalidade como o perfeccionismo maladaptativo e a afetividade negativa poderão ser úteis na prevenção e tratamento de síndromes alimentares em mulheres com excesso de peso.<br>Introduction: The interest in perfectionism has grown over the years, being a transdiagnostic process that increases the vulnerability to multiple psychopathological conditions, including eating disorders (ED). In addition to perfectionism, negative affectivity (NA) is also associated with ED, with the potentiation of the effect of maladaptive perfectionism by NA, being targets to be addressed in individuals with these personality traits.Objectives: To analyze the role of perfectionism and negative / positive affectivity in disturbed eating behavior, specifically, to analyze whether affectivity (negative and positive) is a mediator of the relationship between perfectionism and changes in eating behavior in overweight women.Materials and Methods: 270 women with a mean age of 43.85 years (standard deviation / SD = 11.89) participated in the study. The participants were followed up in a nutrition consultation at a public hospital for overweight / obesity and completed validated self-answer questionnaires: Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (EMP); a brief Portuguese version of the Eating Disorder Examination - questionnaire (EDE-Q7); and the Profile of Mood States (POMS).Results: Socially prescribed perfectionism (SPP) correlated positively and significantly with affection and with the dimensions of overestimation of body weight and shape (OBWS) and Body dissatisfaction (BD) of the EDE-Q7. The simple mediation models showed partial mediation: the direct effect of the SPP on the OBWS and BD dimensions of the EDE-Q7 and the indirect effect of the positive / negative affect were significant. Self-oriented perfectionism (PAO) was not significantly related to affectivity or the EDE-Q7 dimension Food restriction (AR). CheckDiscussion: One of the ways in which the SPP influences disturbed eating behavior, specifically OBWS and BD, is through positive / negative affect. Interventions aimed at personality traits such as maladaptive perfectionism and negative affectivity may be useful in the prevention and treatment of food syndromes in overweight women.