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Books on the topic 'Possible — world semantics'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Plexousakis, Dimitrios. An ontology and a possible-worlds semantics for telos. National Library of Canada, 1990.

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2

Shigurov, Viktor. Theory of transpositional grammar of the Russian language:. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2025. https://doi.org/10.12737/2198970.

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The monograph provides a comprehensive systematic study of the transpositional mechanism of modalation in the Russian language, the principles and patterns of its operation. The causes, prerequisites, signs, stages (stages) and the limit of transposition of linguistic units from verbs in predicative, semi-predicative and substantive forms; adjectives in full/short form and adverbs, including in the function of predicatives; prepositional and prepositional forms of nouns and pronouns into the interparticle semantic and syntactic category of introductory modal words and expressions. Using the me

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3

Fine, Kit. The World of Truth-Making. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198792161.003.0003.

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This chapter considers a number of different ways to develop a semantics in which statements are evaluated at partial possibilities rather than possible worlds. These include the exact version of truth-maker semantics in which truth-makers are wholly relevant to the statements they make true, the inexact version in which they are relevant, but not necessarily wholly relevant, to the statements they make true, and the loose version, in which they need only necessitate the statements they make true, regardless of relevance. The chapter explores the question of how these different semantical sche

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4

Borg, Emma. Intention‐Based Semantics. Edited by Ernest Lepore and Barry C. Smith. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199552238.003.0012.

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There is a sense in which it is trivial to say that one accepts intention- (or convention-)based semantics. For if what is meant by this claim is simply that there is an important respect in which words and sentences have meaning (either at all or the particular meanings that they have in any given natural language) due to the fact that they are used, in the way they are, by intentional agents (i.e. speakers), then it seems no one should disagree. For imagine a possible world where there are physical things which share the shape and form of words of English or Japanese, or the acoustic propert

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5

Brogaard, Berit. The Semantics of ‘Appear’ Words. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190495251.003.0002.

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In this initial chapter, the author establishes her framework for discussion of perceptual verbs like ‘look’, ‘see’, ‘seem’. Perceptual reports are particular speech acts made by utterances of sentences that contain a perceptual verb. More specifically, they are assertions made by utterances of these sentences. Perceptual reports assert how objects in the world and their perceptible property instances are perceived by subjects. A subset of these reports purport to assert how objects in the world and their visually perceptible property instances are visually perceived by subjects. This chapter

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6

Steinhart, Eric. Logic of Metaphor: Analogous Parts of Possible Worlds. Springer London, Limited, 2013.

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7

Possible worlds: Logic, semantics and ontology. Philosophia, 2010.

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8

Steinhart, Eric. The Logic of Metaphor: Analogous Parts Of Possible Worlds. Springer, 2010.

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9

Schwarz, Wolfgang. Semantic Possibility. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198739548.003.0013.

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This chapter starts out from the idea that semantics is a “special science” whose aim, like that of chemistry or ecology, is to identify systematic, high-level patterns in a fundamentally physical world. I defend an approach to this task on which sentences are associated with sets of possible worlds (of some kind). These sets of worlds, however, are not postulated for the compositional treatment of intensional contexts; they are not meant to capture what is intuitively asserted or communicated by an utterance; nor are they supposed to shed light on the cognitive processes that underlie our lin

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10

Berto, Francesco, and Mark Jago. Impossible Worlds. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812791.001.0001.

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The latter half of the twentieth century witnessed an ‘intensional revolution’, a great collective effort to analyse notions which are absolutely fundamental to our understanding of the world and of ourselves—from meaning and information to knowledge, belief, causation, essence, supervenience, conditionality, as well as nomological, metaphysical, and logical necessity—in terms of a single concept. This was the concept of a possible world: a way things could have been. Possible worlds found applications in logic, metaphysics, semantics, game theory, information theory, artificial intelligence,

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11

J, Cresswell M. Semantical Essays: Possible Worlds and Their Rivals. Springer, 2010.

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12

J, Cresswell M. Semantical Essays: Possible Worlds and Their Rivals. Springer London, Limited, 2012.

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13

Semantical essays: Possible worlds and their rivals. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1988.

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14

Unterhuber, Matthias. Possible Worlds Semantics for Indicative and Counterfactual Conditionals?: A Formal Philosophical Inquiry into Chellas-Segerberg Semantics. De Gruyter, Inc., 2013.

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15

Unterhuber, Matthias. Possible Worlds Semantics for Indicative and Counterfactual Conditionals?: A Formal Philosophical Inquiry into Chellas-Segerberg Semantics. Ontos Verlag, 2013.

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16

Unterhuber, Matthias. Possible Worlds Semantics for Indicative and Counterfactual Conditionals?: A Formal Philosophical Inquiry into Chellas-Segerberg Semantics. De Gruyter, Inc., 2013.

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17

Unterhuber, Matthias. Possible Worlds Semantics for Indicative and Counterfactual Conditionals?: A Formal Philosophical Inquiry into Chellas-Segerberg Semantics. de Gruyter GmbH, Walter, 2013.

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18

Unterhuber, Matthias. Possible Worlds Semantics for Indicative and Counterfactual Conditionals?: A Formal Philosophical Inquiry into Chellas-Segerberg Semantics. De Gruyter, Inc., 2013.

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19

Construction Site for Possible Worlds. MIT Press, 2020.

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20

McKitrick, Jennifer. The Failure of Conceptual Analysis. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198717805.003.0002.

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Dispositions are often regarded with suspicion. Consequently, some philosophers try to semantically reduce disposition ascriptions to sentences containing only non-dispositional vocabulary. Typically, reductionists attempt to analyze disposition ascriptions in terms of conditional statements. These conditional statements, like other modal claims, are often interpreted in terms of possible worlds semantics. However, conditional analyses are subject to a number of problems and counterexamples, including random coincidences, void satisfaction, masks, antidotes, mimics, altering, and finks. Some a

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21

Millikan, Ruth Garrett. Beyond Concepts. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198717195.001.0001.

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This book weaves together themes from natural ontology, philosophy of mind, philosophy of language and information, areas of inquiry that have not recently been treated together. The sprawling topic is Kant’s how is knowledge possible? but viewed from a contemporary naturalist standpoint. The assumption is that we are evolved creatures that use cognition as a guide in dealing with the natural world, and that the natural world is roughly as natural science has tried to describe it. Very unlike Kant, then, we must begin with ontology, with a rough understanding of what the world is like prior to

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22

Moltmann, Friederike. Objects and Attitudes. Oxford University PressNew York, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190878481.001.0001.

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Abstract This book develops a new approach to the semantics of sentences based on a novel ontology of attitudinal and modal objects, or more generally satisfiable objects. On that view, roughly, (embedded and independent) sentences serve as predicates of attitudinal objects (entities like claims, beliefs, decisions, requests, and promises), of modal objects (entities like needs, obligations, permissions), and of locutionary and phatic objects of different kinds. The view overcomes various conceptual and empirical problems for propositions, abstract objects standardly taken to be the referents

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23

Thomasson, Amie L. Norms and Necessity. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190098193.001.0001.

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This book develops a new approach to understanding our claims about what is metaphysically necessary or possible: modal normativism. While claims about what is metaphysically necessary or possible have long played a central role in metaphysics and other areas of philosophy, such claims are traditionally thought of as aiming to describe a special kind of modal fact or property, or perhaps facts about other possible worlds. But that assumption leads to difficult ontological, epistemological, and methodological puzzles. Should we accept that there are modal facts or properties, or other possible

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24

Khoo, Justin. The Meaning of If. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190096700.001.0001.

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Conditional sentences remain a puzzling source of philosophical speculation in large part because there seems to be nothing they could possibly mean that would vindicate the roles they play in language and thought. Bringing together work from philosophy and linguistics, Justin Khoo articulates a theory of what conditionals mean that captures their varied and complex behavior. According to the theory, conditionals form a unified class of expressions that share a common semantic core that encodes inferential dispositions. Thus, rather than represent the world, conditionals are devices used to co

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25

Siemund, Peter, and Julia Davydova. World Englishes and the Study of Typology and Universals. Edited by Markku Filppula, Juhani Klemola, and Devyani Sharma. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199777716.013.022.

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In our contribution, we discuss language variation observed in the field of World Englishes from the perspective of language typology and universals research. The major motivation behind this approach is the assumption that, as contained linguistic systems, varieties are constrained by essentially the same mechanisms as languages. Taking the idea of cross-linguistic, and in that sense universal, generalizations as a starting point, we proceed to discussing patterns of variation in different Englishes encountered worldwide. In so doing, we draw on the concepts of markedness relations, frequency

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26

Beavers, John, and Andrew Koontz-Garboden. The Roots of Verbal Meaning. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198855781.001.0001.

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This book explores possible and impossible word meanings, with a specific focus on the meanings of verbs. It adopts the now common view that verb meanings consist at least partly of an event structure, made up of an event template describing the verb’s broad temporal and causal contours that occurs across lots of verbs and groups them into semantic and grammatical classes, plus an idiosyncratic root describing specific, real world states and actions that distinguish verbs with the same template. While much work has focused on templates, less work has addressed the truth conditional contributio

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27

Lidz, Jeffrey L. Quantification in Child Language. Edited by Jeffrey L. Lidz, William Snyder, and Joe Pater. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199601264.013.21.

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This chapter addresses role of cognitive, information processing and learning mechanisms underlying children’s acquisition of quantifiers in natural language. We discuss the cognitive mechanisms that provide content to quantificational expressions, constraints on possible quantifier meanings, and the role of syntax in identifying a novel word as quantificational. We also examine the syntax and semantics of quantifiers in development, examining interactions between multiple scope bearing expressions in a single sentence. We explore the grammatical and psycholinguistic constraints at play in sha

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28

Nakayama, Toshihide. Polysynthesis in Nuuchahnulth, a Wakashan Language. Edited by Michael Fortescue, Marianne Mithun, and Nicholas Evans. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199683208.013.35.

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Nuuchahnulth is a Southern Wakashan language spoken in British Columbia, Canada. It is a verb-initial head-marking language and is almost exclusively suffixing morphologically. The language exhibits polysynthesis involving holophrasis but does not allow compounding. Instead, it has numerous suffixes with heavy lexical content, traditionally termed ‘lexical suffixes’. This lexical suffixation serves as the central mechanism in Nuuchahnulth for bringing multiple lexically heavy morphemes into a word. The complexity of actual polysynthetic words in this language seems rather limited compared to w

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29

Segal, Gabriel. Truth and Meaning. Edited by Ernest Lepore and Barry C. Smith. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199552238.003.0009.

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This article says something about previous work related to truth and meaning, goes on to discuss Davidson (1967) and related papers of his, and then discusses some issues arising. It begins with the work of Gottlob Frege. Much work in the twentieth century developed Frege's ideas. A great deal of that work continued with the assumption that semantics is fundamentally concerned with the assignments of entities (objects, sets, functions, and truth-values) to expressions. So, for example, those who tried to develop a formal account of sense did so by treating senses as functions of various kinds;

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30

Morrison, Margaret. Models and Theories. Edited by Paul Humphreys. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199368815.013.32.

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This chapter discusses the relation between models and theories as characterized by the syntactic and semantic views, as well as how that relation is understood in the more scientifically oriented or practice-based accounts of models. It also addresses epistemic issues concerning the model-world relationship and the importance of representation and explanation in assessing how abstract models deliver concrete information. The chapter claims that similarity and isomorphism, construed as general criteria, are often insufficient to characterize the way models relate to their target systems. Altho

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31

Dwan, David. Equality. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198738527.003.0003.

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‘The whole English-speaking world’, Orwell believed, ‘is haunted by the idea of human equality’. Orwell was convinced that the principle had never been properly realized, but he remained hopeful nevertheless: ‘equality is technically possible whatever the psychological difficulties may be’. The psychological difficulties may have been considerable, but the issues were also conceptual and semantic: people meant many things when they called for equality. Orwell’s own career testified to the ambiguity of the concept. The ‘democratic socialism’ he defended contained a ragbag of equalities—moral, p

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32

Ganeri, Jonardon. Epistemology from a Sanskritic Point of View. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190865085.003.0002.

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The author argues against the universality thesis, by which “the properties of the English word know and the English sentence “S knows that p” are shared by translations of these expressions in most or all languages.” The author argues that not only does the Sanskrit pramā, the closest term to English knowledge, have different properties, but its properties are most closely related to what epistemologists are investigating. English epistemic vocabulary brings with it parochial associations, including a static rather than a performative picture of epistemic agency, a model of justification that

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33

Renz, Ursula. The Problem of the Numerical Difference between Subjects. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199350162.003.0009.

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This chapter discusses Spinoza’s views on the numerical difference between finite minds. It shows, first, that this problem only arises because Spinoza addresses the issue of the reality of the mental independently of the issue of the ascription of mental content to particular subjects. Consequently, it is only after 2p7 that he develops the notion of individual minds; yet he does so before addressing the issue of physical individuation. This distinction between themes in Spinoza is reminiscent of the strategy of those contemporary approaches that assume compatibility between the notion of fir

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34

Forster, Michael N. Theory of Translation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199588367.003.0004.

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Herder’s theory of translation not only ultimately inspired but is also superior to the most important current theories of translation, those of Berman and Venuti. It is superior to them largely because it continues a traditional conception that faithfully re-expressing the meaning of the source text is a central criterion of success in translation. Like his hermeneutics, Herder’s translation theory rests on his philosophy of language and his principle of radical mental difference. He develops a number of important principles here, including a principle that the way to achieve semantic faithfu

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35

Givón, Tom. Is Polysynthesis a Valid Theoretical Notion? Edited by Michael Fortescue, Marianne Mithun, and Nicholas Evans. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199683208.013.22.

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While Ute (Numic, Uto-Aztecan) currently has “free” word-order, most of its morphology conforms to a historical OV syntax, with postpositions pronouns, pre-nominal genitive modifiers, and predominantly suffixal verbal morphology,with most exceptions to the latter easily attributed to pre-verbal incorporation of object, instrument, adjective, or adverb stems. Ute also displays an extensive array of complex verbal stems, most commonly two-verb combinations. Of the two combined verbal stems, the second usually loses its original valence, exhibits semantic bleaching, and otherwise bears the tradit

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36

Berto, Francesco. Topics of Thought. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192857491.001.0001.

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Abstract This book concerns mental states such as thinking that Obama is tall, imagining that there will be a climate change catastrophe, knowing that one is not a brain in a vat, or believing that Martina Navratilova is the greatest tennis player ever. Such states are usually understood as having intentionality, that is, as being about things or situations to which the mind is directed. The contents of such states are often taken to be propositions. The book presents a new framework for the logic of thought, so understood—an answer to the question: Given that one thinks (believes, knows, etc.

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37

Antony, Louise. Only Natural. Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190934361.001.0001.

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Abstract This volume brings together sixteen essays by Louise Antony that reflect her distinctive approach to issues at the intersections of feminist theory, epistemology, philosophy of mind, and philosophy of language. Antony proceeds from the Quinean precept that we treat knowledge as a natural phenomenon. This approach offers feminists and other progressive theorists vital tools with which to expose and dismantle ideological conceptions of knowledge, human nature, and objectivity. Naturalism’s focus on the actual (as opposed to hypothetical) circumstances under which human beings acquire kn

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38

Ufimtseva, Nataliya V., Iosif A. Sternin, and Elena Yu Myagkova. Russian psycholinguistics: results and prospects (1966–2021): a research monograph. Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30982/978-5-6045633-7-3.

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The monograph reflects the problems of Russian psycholinguistics from the moment of its inception in Russia to the present day and presents its main directions that are currently developing. In addition, theoretical developments and practical results obtained in the framework of different directions and research centers are described in a concise form. The task of the book is to reflect, as far as it is possible in one edition, firstly, the history of the formation of Russian psycholinguistics; secondly, its methodology and developed methods; thirdly, the results obtained in different research

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