Relevant bibliographies by topics / Post-condensation transformation

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Academic literature on the topic 'Post-condensation transformation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2025
Last updated: 23 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Post-condensation transformation"

1

Morteza, Shiri, Gholami-Koupaei Zahra, Bandehali-Naeini Farzaneh та ін. "Highly Selective Synthesis of α-Hydroxy, α-Oxy, and α-Oxo Amides by a Post-Passerini Condensation Transformation". Synthesis (Germany) 52, № 21 (2020): 3243–52. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1707132.

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A post-Passerini condensation transformation can be employed in the synthesis of three types of amides: a-hydroxy, a-oxy, and a-oxo amides. K2CO3 efficiently promotes the solvolysis of a-acetoxy amides to form a-hydroxy amides in methanol. 2-Acetoxy-2-(2-alkynylquinolin-3-yl)acetamides in basic methanol are cyclized to 1,3-dihydrofuro[3,4-b]quinoline-1-carboxamides via deacetylation and 5-exo-dig cyclization. Treatment of 2-hydroxy-2-[2-(phenylethynyl)quinolin-3yl]acetamides with I2 in basic media produces pyrrolo[2,3-b]quinoline2,3-diones. This cyclization involves intramolecular cyclization, dealkynylative aromatization, and oxidation of the secondary alcohol.
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2

Bornadiego, Ana, Ana G. Neo, and Carlos F. Marcos. "Synthesis of Chromeno[3,4-b]piperazines by an Enol-Ugi/Reduction/Cyclization Sequence." Molecules 26, no. 5 (2021): 1287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26051287.

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Keto piperazines and aminocoumarins are privileged building blocks for the construction of geometrically constrained peptides and therefore valuable structures in drug discovery. Combining these two heterocycles provides unique rigid polycyclic peptidomimetics with drug-like properties including many points of diversity that could be modulated to interact with different biological receptors. This work describes an efficient multicomponent approach to condensed chromenopiperazines based on the novel enol-Ugi reaction. Importantly, this strategy involves the first reported post-condensation transformation of an enol-Ugi adduct.
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3

Wawrzyniak, Paweł, Waldemar Karaszewski, Marta Safandowska, and Rafał Idczak. "Effect of rPET Content and Preform Heating/Cooling Conditions in the Stretch Blow Molding Process on Microcavitation and Solid-State Post-Condensation of vPET-rPET Blend: Part II—Statistical Analysis and Interpretation of Tests." Materials 18, no. 1 (2024): 36. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18010036.

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This research explores how varying proportions of virgin polyethylene terephthalate (vPET) and recycled polyethylene terephthalate (rPET) in vPET-rPET blends, combined with preform thermal conditions during the stretch blow molding (SBM) process, influence PET bottles’ microscopic characteristics. Key metrics such as viscosity, density, crystallinity, amorphous phase relaxation, and microcavitation were assessed using response surface methodology (RSM). Statistical analysis, including Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and its power, supported the interpretation of results. The first part of the work details the experimental design and statistical methods. Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) and amorphous phase density analysis revealed reduced free volume size, a substantial increase in free volume quantity, and a transformation toward ellipsoidal geometries, highlighting significant structural changes in the material. At the same time, the intrinsic viscosity (IV) and PALS studies indicate that the solid-state post-condensation effect (SSPC) is linked with microcavitation through post-condensation product diffusion. The conclusions, which resulted from the microstructure analysis, affected the material’s mechanical strength and were validated by pressure resistance tests of the bottles.
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4

Shiri, Morteza, Zahra Gholami-Koupaei, Farzaneh Bandehali-Naeini та ін. "Highly Selective Synthesis of α-Hydroxy, α-Oxy, and α-Oxo Amides by a Post-Passerini Condensation Transformation". Synthesis 52, № 21 (2020): 3243–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1707132.

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Abstract:
A post-Passerini condensation transformation can be employed in the synthesis of three types of amides: α-hydroxy, α-oxy, and α-oxo amides. K2CO3 efficiently promotes the solvolysis of α-acetoxy amides to form α-hydroxy amides in methanol. 2-Acetoxy-2-(2-alkynyl­quinolin-3-yl)acetamides in basic methanol are cyclized to 1,3-dihydrofuro[3,4-b]quinoline-1-carboxamides via deacetylation and 5-exo-dig cyclization. Treatment of 2-hydroxy-2-[2-(phenylethynyl)quinolin-3-yl]acetamides with I2 in basic media produces pyrrolo[2,3-b]quinoline-2,3-diones. This cyclization involves intramolecular cyclization, dealkynylative aromatization, and oxidation of the secondary alcohol.
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5

Abdulaeva, Inna A., Kirill P. Birin, Yulia G. Gorbunova, Aslan Yu Tsivadze, and Alla Bessmertnykh-Lemeune. "Post-synthetic methods for functionalization of imidazole-fused porphyrins." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 22, no. 08 (2018): 619–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424618500475.

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Several methods for the post-synthetic modification of imidazo[4,5-[Formula: see text]]porphyrins are reported. First, a synthetic approach to the isomeric difunctionalized porphyrins, containing two [Formula: see text]-fused 2-aryl-1[Formula: see text]-imidazole cycles at adjacent or opposite pyrrole rings of the macrocycle is developed. The core chemistry of this synthetic route is the transformation of 2-aryl-1[Formula: see text]-imidazo[4,5-[Formula: see text]]porphyrins into corresponding imidazodioxochlorins followed by Debus–Radziszewski condensation with aromatic aldehyde. Next, 2-(4-bromophenyl)-1[Formula: see text]-imidazo[4,5-[Formula: see text]]-5,10,15,20-tetramesitylporphyrin was transformed into useful carboxy- and phosphonato-substituted precursors for material chemistry according to palladium-catalyzed C–C and C–P bond forming reactions.
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6

M, Heravi; Majid, and L. Mohammadkhani. "Synthesis of various N-heterocycles using the four-component Ugi reaction." Advances in Heterocyclic Chemistry 131 (May 14, 2019): 351–403. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aihch.2019.04.001.

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Nowadays, among synthetic organic chemists, the Ugi four-component reaction (U-4CR), is known as the most important and useful isocyanide-based multicomponent reactions (IMCRs); since it allows the rapid and straightforward synthesis of the linear peptide backbone. U-4CR, actually is the condensation reaction involving, an isocyanide, an aldehyde, an amine, and a carboxylic acid leading to the formation of the corresponding adduct. Significantly, this adduct can be cyclized through a suitable posttransformation, resulting in the construction of different heterocyclic systems containing nitrogen. In this chapter, we try to underscore the use of post-Ugi transformation in the synthesis of various N-heterocycles with four-, five-, six-, and seven-membered rings as well as fused heterocycles bearing one or two heteroatoms.
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7

Jose, M. Jimenez-Martin, Orozco-Saumell Ana, Hernando Héctor, et al. "Efficient Conversion of Glucose to Methyl Lactate with Sn-USY: Retro-aldol Activity Promotion by Controlled Ion Exchange." ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 10, no. 27 (2022): 8885–96. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c01987.

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Sn-USY materials have been prepared through an optimized post-synthetic catalytic metalation procedure. These zeolites displayed, upon ion exchange with alkaline metals, an outstanding activity in the direct transformation of glucose into methyl lactate, yielding more than 70% of the starting glucose as the target product, and an overall combined retro-aldol condensation product yield above 95% in a short reaction time (<4 h). This outstanding catalytic performance is ascribed to the neutralization of Brønsted acid sites, the consequent depression of side reactions, and a higher population of tin open sites in the ion-exchanged Sn-USY zeolites. Reusability tests evidenced some loss of catalytic activity, partially caused by the closing of tin sites, although the use of small amounts of water in the reaction media demonstrated that this deactivation mechanism can be, at least, partially alleviated.
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8

Cody, George D., Conel M. O'D Alexander, A. L. David Kilcoyne, and Hikaru Yabuta. "Unraveling the chemical history of the Solar System as recorded in extraterrestrial organic matter." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 4, S251 (2008): 277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921308021741.

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AbstractWe have initiated an extensive program of molecular analysis of extraterrestrial organic matter isolated from a broad range of meteorites (spanning multiple classes, groups, and petrologic types), including recent molecular spectroscopic analyses of the organic matter in the Comet 81P/Wild 2 samples. The results of these analyses clearly reveal the signature of multiple reaction pathways that transformed extraterrestrial organic matter away from its primitive roots. The most significant molecular transformation occurred in the post-accretionary phase of the parent body. However, each of the various chemical transformation trajectories point unambiguously back to a common primitive origin. Applying a wide range of spectroscopic techniques we find that the primitive organic precursor is striking in its chemical complexity exhibiting a broad array of oxygen- and nitrogen-bearing functional groups. The π-bonded carbon exists as predominately highly substituted single ring aromatics, there exists no evidence for abundant, large, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). We find that the molecular structure of primitive extraterrestrial organics is consistent with synthesis from small reactive molecules, e. g. formaldehyde, whose random condensation and subsequent rearrangement chemistry at low temperatures leads to a highly cross-linked macromolecule.
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9

Hagenmuller, Pascal, Frederic Flin, Marie Dumont, et al. "Motion of dust particles in dry snow under temperature gradient metamorphism." Cryosphere 13, no. 9 (2019): 2345–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-2345-2019.

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Abstract. The deposition of light-absorbing particles (LAPs) such as mineral dust and black carbon on snow is responsible for a highly effective climate forcing, through darkening of the snow surface and associated feedbacks. The interplay between post-depositional snow transformation (metamorphism) and the dynamics of LAPs in snow remains largely unknown. We obtained time series of X-ray tomography images of dust-contaminated samples undergoing dry snow metamorphism at around −2 ∘C. They provide the first observational evidence that temperature gradient metamorphism induces dust particle motion in snow, while no movement is observed under isothermal conditions. Under temperature gradient metamorphism, dust particles can enter the ice matrix due to sublimation–condensation processes and spread down mainly by falling into the pore space. Overall, such motions might reduce the radiative impact of dust in snow, in particular in arctic regions where temperature gradient metamorphism prevails.
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10

Yao, Chencheng, Yun Liu, Min Sun, et al. "MicroRNAs and DNA methylation as epigenetic regulators of mitosis, meiosis and spermiogenesis." REPRODUCTION 150, no. 1 (2015): R25—R34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-14-0643.

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Spermatogenesis is composed of three distinctive phases, which include self-renewal of spermatogonia via mitosis, spermatocytes undergoing meiosis I/II and post-meiotic development of haploid spermatids via spermiogenesis. Spermatogenesis also involves condensation of chromatin in the spermatid head before transformation of spermatids to spermatozoa. Epigenetic regulation refers to changes of heritably cellular and physiological traits not caused by modifications in the DNA sequences of the chromatin such as mutations. Major advances have been made in the epigenetic regulation of spermatogenesis. In this review, we address the roles and mechanisms of epigenetic regulators, with a focus on the role of microRNAs and DNA methylation during mitosis, meiosis and spermiogenesis. We also highlight issues that deserve attention for further investigation on the epigenetic regulation of spermatogenesis. More importantly, a thorough understanding of the epigenetic regulation in spermatogenesis will provide insightful information into the etiology of some unexplained infertility, offering new approaches for the treatment of male infertility.
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