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Won, Jaeyoun. "K. D. Har: A Public Sociologist in (Post) Colonial Korea." Korean Journal of Sociology 50, no. 2 (April 30, 2016): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21562/kjs.2016.04.50.2.67.
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Lauritsen, Peter. "Vi har ingen grund til at tro… - Om overvågningsdebatten post-Snowden." Slagmark - Tidsskrift for idéhistorie, no. 69 (March 9, 2018): 203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/sl.v0i69.104319.
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Leone, Jose Pablo, Bernard F. Cole, Meredith M. Regan, Beat J. K. Thurlimann, Alan S. Coates, Aron Goldhirsch, Angelo Di Leo, Marco Colleoni, Ines Maria Vaz Duarte Luis, and Nancy U. Lin. "Clinical behavior of recurrent hormone receptor-positive breast cancer by adjuvant endocrine therapy: A Breast International Group (BIG) 1-98 sub-analyses." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): 538. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.538.
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538 Background: Endocrine therapy resistance is a major cause of distant recurrence (DR) in HR+ breast cancer. Currently, no data exists evaluating differences in clinical behavior after DR between patients (pts) treated in the adjuvant setting with different endocrine therapy regimens. The aim of this study was to analyze post-DR survival of pts treated on BIG 1-98. Methods: BIG 1-98 compared 5 years of adjuvant treatment between 4 arms: tamoxifen (T), letrozole (L), T followed by L (TL) and L followed by T (LT). After 8.1 years median follow-up (follow-up through 2010), 911 (T n = 302, L n = 285, TL n = 170, LT n = 154) of 8010 pts had DR as site of first recurrence. Univariate and multivariable Cox analyses were performed to determine features associated with post-DR survival. With 661 total observed deaths, statistical power was 0.8 to detect a hazard ratio (HaR) > 1.24 at the 2-sided 0.05 level of significance. Results: Median follow up time after DR was 59 months (IQR: 29-88). Among all pts with DR, 38.1% were ≥ 65 years at study enrollment, 61.9% had tumor size > 2 cm, 69.7% were node positive. Neo/adjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 35.6% of pts. There was no difference in post-DR survival by treatment arm (median survival: T 20.8, L 17.9, TL 17.3, LT 20.8 months; p = 0.21). In multivariable analysis, older pts (HaR 1.36; p = 0.0002), tumors > 2cm (HaR 1.2; p = 0.04), ≥ 4 positive nodes (HaR 1.32; p = 0.05) and PR- tumors (HaR 1.28; p = 0.001) had significantly worse post-DR survival. Endocrine treatment arm, type of surgery, radiotherapy and neo/adjuvant chemotherapy were not associated with post-DR survival in the multivariate model. Conclusions: Treatment with adjuvant T, L or their sequence were not associated with differences in survival after DR. We observed significant differences in survival by primary tumor size, nodal and PR status, which suggest that traditional high-risk features remain prognostic in the metastatic setting. Clinical trial information: NCT00004205.
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Melsom, Nina. "Hvilken rett har arbeidsgiver til å gjøre seg kjent med arbeidstakernes e-post?" Arbeidsrett 1, no. 03 (October 11, 2004): 178–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.18261/issn1504-3088-2004-03-02.
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Rahbek-Clemmensen, Jon. "Hvordan passer kontinentalsokkelkravet ved Nordpolen ind i Rigsfællesskabets Arktispolitik?" Økonomi & Politik 93, no. 2 (June 17, 2020): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/okonomi-og-politik.v93i2.120949.
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Arktis er blevet stadigt vigtigere for dansk udenrigsog sikkerhedspolitik siden slutningen af 00’erne, i takt med at klimaforandringerne og globaliseringen har åbnet regionen for menneskelig aktivitet. Senest har en stigende amerikansk interesse i Arktis skabt yderligere diplomatiske muligheder i Arktis. På samme tid er Rigsfællesskabet under forandring, særligt på grund af Grønlands stigende autonomi og interesse i selvstændighed. Denne artikel undersøger, hvordan disse udenrigs- og indenrigspolitiske dynamikker påvirker dansk Arktispolitik, og om Danmarkkan finde en kurs, der på samme tid gør det muligt at tilfredsstille verdens stormagter og det grønlandske Landsstyre i Nuuk, gennem en analyse af Rigsfællesskabets kontinentalsokkelkrav ved Nordpolen. Udenrigspolitisk har Danmark fulgt en dobbeltkurs, hvor man på den ene side på grund af alliancesolidaritet søger at straffe Rusland for dets aggression i Østeuropa og andre regioner og afskrække yderligere aggression, mens man på den anden side søger at samarbejde med Rusland i Arktis om bl.a. kontinentalsokkelprocessen. Artiklen viser også, at kontinentalsokkelkravene kan ses som et forsøg på at styrke sammenhængskraften i Rigsfællesskabet. Denne tilgang har dog også sine begrænsninger på grund af den postkoloniale relation mellem Danmark og Grønland og post-Westfalske tendenser i grønlandsk politisk tænkning.
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Rustad, Hilde. "Marcel Duchamp og postmoderne improvisasjonsdanstradisjoner, brudd og kontinuitet." Nordic Journal of Dance 10, no. 1-2 (December 1, 2019): 4–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/njd-2019-0002.
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Abstract Artikkelen drøfter sammenhenger mellom Marcel Duchamp (1887–1968) sin tenkning og danseimprovisasjon og kontaktimprovisasjon som tradisjoner. Forskningsprosjektet er tuftet på erfaring utøvere av danseimprovisasjon og kontaktimprovisasjon har gjort, og undersøker forbindelser mellom Duchamp og post-moderne improvisasjonsdanstradisjoner, og på hvilke måter bevissthet om slike forbindelser kan ha betydning for tradisjonenes utøvere. Forfatteren anvender Lindholm og Gadamers (1900–2002) tradisjonsbegrep som analytisk blikk og fortolkningsperspektiv, og får fram hvordan deler av Duchamps tankegods som kan forstås som overlevert via John Cage, Merce Cunningham og Robert Rauschenberg til dansekunstnere som var ansvarlig for oppstarten av postmoderne dans, og som i dag kan forstås som inkorporert i danseimprovisasjon og kontaktimprovisasjon. Tradisjonsperspektivet bidrar videre til å belyse hvordan utøvere kan få en økt forståelse av hva det innebærer å tilhøre en tradisjon, og hvilken betydningen det har å kjenne tradisjonen man tilhører best mulig. I tillegg synliggjøres hvordan postmoderne improvisasjonsdanstradisjoner ved Duchamp har europeiske røtter i tillegg til de amerikanske, og dette gir et utvidet perspektiv og bidrar til et mer komplekst bilde av tradisjonene både innholdsmessig og geografisk.
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Borup, Jørn. "Galskab og hellighed: Overskridelsens logik og retorik i chan/zen-buddhismen." Religionsvidenskabeligt Tidsskrift, no. 69 (March 5, 2019): 148–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/rt.v0i69.112748.
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ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Antinomian transgressions have played an important role in Chinese Chan Buddhism (and to a lesser extent in Japanese Zen Buddhism). Wild, crazy, fierce and strange figures have, together with ‘the enlightened layman’, been used as expressions for the Chan/Zen universe, whose stile is quite unique in the history of religions. The present article investigates these transgressions’ hermeneutic and performative logic as a contrast to the ‘religion of order’ which is also represented by Buddhism. I argue, that these in both phenomenological and historical perspective are expressions of post-axial religion.
DANSK RESUMÉ: Antinomiske overskridelser har spillet en væsentlig rolle i kinesisk chan-buddhisme (og i mindre udstrækning i japansk zen-buddhisme). Vilde, skøre, voldsomme og sære figurer har sammen med den ‘ordinære lægmand’ været brugt til udtryk for chan/zen-buddhismens univers, hvis stil er ganske unik i hele religionshistorien. Nærværende artikel undersøger disse overskridelsers hermeneutiske og performative logik som kontrast til den ‘ordensreligion’, buddhismen også repræsenterer. Jeg argumenterer for, at disse både i religionsfænomenologisk og -historisk perspektiv er udtryk for post-aksial religion.
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Beitel, L. K., N. Sabbaghian, A. Alarifi, C. Alvarado, L. Pinsky, and M. Trifiro. "Characterization of normal and point-mutated human androgen receptors expressed in the baculovirus system." Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 15, no. 2 (October 1995): 117–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/jme.0.0150117.
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ABSTRACT The baculovirus system is able to generate large amounts of a protein, permitting detailed analysis of structure-function relations. We have used this system to overexpress and characterize normal human androgen receptor (hAR) and mutant hARs from humans with complete or partial androgen insensitivity. Maximum specific binding of [3H]mibolerone (MB) in recombinant baculovirus-infected Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells varied from 15 to 40 pmol/mg protein, about 1000-fold higher than in genital skin fibroblasts, and peaked 48–72 h after infection. In contrast, Coomassie blue staining and Western blotting revealed maximum accumulation of 110–120 kDa hAR proteins 96 h post-infection. Normal and mutant hARs were specifically photoaffinity-labeled with [3H]methyltrienolone (MT), and had normal steroid-binding selectivity: the order of competition was androgen>estrogen>progestin>glucocorticoid. Normal hAR was phosphorylated in Sf9 cells, reacted with antibodies against phosphoserine and phosphothreonine after purification using testosterone-biotin, and transactivated a transfected androgen response element-luciferase reporter in infected Sf9 cells. Two mutant hARs had increased rates of dissociation from MB and MT that were in accord with the associated degree of clinical androgen insensitivity: complete, Pro903Ser>partial, Leu820Val; the third, Ile663Asn, was not abnormal. Our data extend the characterization of normal hAR produced by baculovirus-infected Sf9 cells, and demonstrate, for the first time, that point-mutated hARs so produced can display distinctive biochemical phenotypes.
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Grodal, Torben Kragh. "Kognitiv medieanalyse." MedieKultur: Journal of media and communication research 10, no. 22 (September 2, 1994): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/mediekultur.v10i22.1005.
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Kognitions- og neurovidenskaben har i de senere år gennemgået en overordentlig frugtbar udvikling, hvis resultater blandt andet kan bidrage til en ny forståelse af de mentale og sansemæssige proces- ser, hvorigennem mennesket perciperer og forstår visuel kommuni- kation. I denne artikel præsenterer Torben Kragh Grodal en række væsentlige indsigter fra denne forskning, og argumenterer for, at en kognitionsvidenskabelig tilgang til analysen af visuel kommunikation indebærer en række gevinster i forhold til den semiotiske tilgang, der har domineret den humanistiske forståelse af billeder og billedkommu- nikation. Der argumenteres for et brud med den anti-rationalisme og de radikalt kulturalistiske synspunkter, der ikke mindst har været dominerende i fransk teori i form af post-strukturalisme, psykosemi- otik, dekonstruktivisme m.m. Artiklen placerer dette brud i en teori- historisk ramme, der følger teoriudviklingen fra den russiske forma- lisme og Pragerskolen over strukturalismen og semiologien i 1960´ernes Frankrig og frem til vore dage. Som følge af en bestemt teoretisk konjunktur fik kognitionsteori og beslægtede teoridannelser ikke nogen indflydelse på humanistisk forskning i 1960´erne. Fra midten af 1980´erne kommer imidlertid en række forsøg på at bringe kognitionsforskningens indsigter ind i film- og medieforskningen.
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Shakoor, Tallat, and Inge Liengaard. "Islam, muslimer og uddannelse." Tidsskrift for Islamforskning 3, no. 3 (November 24, 2008): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/tifo.v3i3.24570.
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Det tredje og sidste nummer af Tidsskrift for Islamforskning i 2008 drejer sig om islam, muslimer og uddannelse. Interessen for disse emner i en dansk/europæisk kontekst er ingenlunde ny. Faktisk har der i en længere årrække været forsket og skrevet adskilligt om netop dette. Der er en vældig samfundsmæssig interesse for de skole- og uddannel-sesvalg, som borgere med etnisk minoritetsbaggrund – og særligt de med muslimsk bag-grund – træffer. Det har bl.a. resulteret i flere undersøgelser af muslimske friskoler og redegørelser for unges uddannelsesmønstre. I takt med religioners stigende synlighed i det offentlige rum, bl.a. igennem social grænsedragning, sociale identiteter og en stigende religiøs og kulturel pluralisering i det danske samfund, har der samtidig været en øget opmærksomhed på repræsentationer af islam og muslimer i forskellige former for uddan-nelsesmateriale. Her har blikket i særdeleshed været rettet mod grundskolens materiale, der jævnligt har vist sig at rumme temmelig stereotype fremstillinger af islam (og meget få fremstillinger af muslimer), men også undervisningsmateriale i gymnasierne er kommet i fokus.I nærværende nummers artikler har vi valgt at fokusere på kontekster, hvor forskellige repræsentationer af islam og muslimer fremstilles: ud fra en minoritetsposition i det dan-ske samfund, igennem en ikke-muslimsk majoritets repræsentationer af islam i gymnasialt undervisningsmateriale, repræsentationer af islam og nationalitet i et land med en muslimsk majoritet samt konfliktuerende forestillinger om national og religiøs identitet i en dansk folkeskole.I dette nummer af Tidsskrift for islamforskning træder vi således delvist af kendte stier; bl.a. med dr. phil. Jørgen Bæk Simonsens artikel, der opdaterer billedet af, hvorledes is-lam portrætteres i dansk undervisningsmateriale for gymnasieklasser. Religionssociolog Tallat Shakoorbeskriver udviklingen i vægtningen af islam i vedtægter for muslimske friskoler inden for de sidste 25 år.Samtidig udvides perspektivet i en række artikler: Ph.d. Laura Gilliam fra Danmarks Pædagogiske Universitet analyserer på baggrund af feltarbejde i en dansk folkeskole, hvorledes både børn og voksne konstruerer ”muslim” og ”dansker” som identiteter, der gensidigt udelukker hinanden, og hvor ”muslim” har en negativ valør. Gymnasielektor Lars Visti Hansen giver i sin artikel et indblik i nyere, dansk undervisningsmateriale om korstogene, og hvilke overvejelser der ligger bag hans egen udgivelse Korstogene idé og virkelighed (Systime 2004). Post. doc. Thomas Hoffmann skitserer et forskningsprojekt, der undersøger betydningen af, at et stigende antal studerende og undervisere på islam-studier ved vesteuropæiske og amerikanske universiteter har muslimsk baggrund. Hypo-tesen er, at denne udvikling på sigt vil influere den islamiske eksegese, som allerede ud-foldes i Vesteuropa og USA. Slutteligt analyserer religionshistoriker Marie Louise Wammen, hvilken udvikling der har været i fremstillingen af religiøse og nationaliteter i iranske skolebøger for de mindste klasser i de senere år.Sidst men ikke mindst bringer vi også i dette nummer en række anmeldelser med en betydelig spændvidde: fra arabisk medicin over den poetiske Koran til kvinder i Koranen og muslimske skoler i Sverige. God læselyst!
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Olesen, Finn. "Moderne tider. Aktiv krisestyring – er Keynes tilbage?" Økonomi & Politik 93, Oktober (October 20, 2020): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/okonomi-og-politik.v93ioktober.122530.
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På sin vis har forskningen i Keynes’ forfatterskab vist sig at være særdeles sejlivet. Således dannede dette baggrunden for den keynesianske æra og gav nogen inspiration til den ny-keynesianske teoridannelse. Der forskes også stadigvæk aktivt i forfatterskabet især inden for post keynesianske kredse. Om end i perioder under pres forsvandt keynesianismen dog aldrig helt, og efter The Great Recession og Covid-19-pandemien er keynesianismen så aktivt tilbage i makroteorien? Og hvad med den post keynesianske tænkning? Vinder denne også øget anerkendelse? Om især disse aspekter handler nærværende artikel.
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García, S. C., and C. W. Holmes. "Seasonality of calving in pasture-based dairy systems: its effects on herbage production, utilisation and dry matter intake." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 1 (2005): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea00110.
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The objectives of the present work were to evaluate the influence of season of calving on (i) pasture productivity, (ii) total dry matter intake by cows, and (iii) the relationship between intake and milk yield of individual cows. Three systems in which the cows calved either in autumn, in spring or half in autumn, half in spring, were managed according to a set of common guidelines during 3 consecutive years. Herbage accumulation rate (HAR) was estimated by the difference between 2 successive grazings (pre- and post-grazing herbage mass). Average HAR in each month was similar between systems. However, small differences in HAR were observed between calving systems in spring and summer, and appeared to be related to the proportion of the farmlet closed for silage. Herbage dry matter intakes varied seasonally (P<0.05), but independently of the calving system (P>0.05). Cows from different calving systems, offered 8.9 or 2.5 kg maize silage dry matter per cow daily in the paddocks, consumed an average of 6.0 and 1.4 kg, respectively. A large variation in intake was observed between individual cows with ranges from 2 to 10 kg and 0.2 to 2.9 kg, respectively. In conclusion, applying the same grazing management decisions to systems with contrasting calving dates resulted in only small seasonal, but not annual, differences in pasture HAR. The results also indicated that when maize silage is fed in the paddock, wastage can be high and variation in intake between individual cows can also be large.
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Frandsen, Finn, and Søren Kolstrup. "Öffentligkeit, offentlighed, espace public, public sphere. Historien om et begreb hos Jürgen Habermas." MedieKultur: Journal of media and communication research 12, no. 25 (September 3, 1996): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/mediekultur.v12i25.1076.
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Denne oversigtsartikel fortæller om nogle europæiske medieforskeres tidsforskudte reception af Jürgen Habermas´ begreb om den borgerlige offentlighed. Artiklen undersøger, hvordan man i Danmark, Frankrig og England har anvendt begrebet i forskningstraditionerne og hvilken betyd- ning man kan tillægge den tidslige forskydning, når man tager i betragt- ning, at der i 1980´erne er sket afgørende ændringer i medieaktørernes og -forskernes holdning til det (post)moderne samfund.
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Mogensen, Mette, and Mette Mogensen. "Standardisering i arbejdet — mellem magtfuldt og magtesløst En empirisk analyse af Post Danmarks ruteplanlægningssystem og dets konkrete effekter." Tidsskrift for Arbejdsliv 15, no. 4 (December 1, 2013): 59–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/tfa.v15i4.108948.
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En empirisk analyse af Post Danmarks ruteplanlægningssystem og dets konkrete effekter Standardisering af arbejdet forbindes generelt med ufrihed, ensformighed og fremmedgørelse af arbejderen. En kritik som først og fremmest har været baseret på og rettet mod Taylorismen. Medet empirisk afsæt i Post Danmarks ruteplanlægningssystem (TOR) argumenterer artiklen imidlertid for at standardisering må forstås og evalueres langt mere empirisk/pragmatisk. Inspireret af Aktør-Netværks-Teori analyseres ruteplanlægningssystemets standardiserende effekt som co-determineret af mange aktører, der tilsammen giver standardiseringsbestræbelsen sin gennemslagskraft. Pointen er at standardisering ikke nødvendigvis virker som følge af en optimal rationalisering, baseret på en skarp opdeling i planlægning og udførelse, sådan som taylorismen foreskriver. I Post Danmark er det reelt først i samspillet med langt 'blødere' og postbureaukratiske styreformer at standardiseringen af postarbejdet får effekt og bliver magtfuldt.
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Wiklund, Eva, Gunnar Malmfors, and Greg Finstad. "Reindeer meat – is it always tender, tasty and healthy?" Rangifer 27, no. 3 (April 1, 2007): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.27.3.272.
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Meat with high pH values, so called DFD (Dark, Firm, Dry meat, is a persistent quality defect foundmin all meat species. DFD shortens shelf life, especially for vacuum-packed meat and affects meat colour, tenderness and water-holding properties. High pH values in reindeer meat have been related to pre-slaughter handling stress and poor nutritional status of the animals. There are numerous reports that variation in muscle pH and glycogen content give rise to considerable variations in meat tenderness in species such as beef and lamb. In contrast, reindeer meat has been found to be extremely tender regardless of ultimate pH. This phenomenon has been related to the speed of post mortem protein degradation and the small muscle fibre size in reindeer. Previous research has demonstrated that the fatty acid composition of meat changes in response to diets. Generally, a higher proportion of long, unsaturated fatty acids were found in meat from grazing animals compared with animals fed a grain-based diet. Reindeer meat has been found to contain moderate amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), especially so-called n-3 (or omega-3) PUFAs. The PUFAs are known to be susceptible to oxidation and may therefore be easily oxidized during processing by techniques like smoking and drying. A trained sensory panel concluded that meat from reindeer fed commercial feed scored higher for liverish and sweet flavours and lower for off-flavou (i.e. ‘grass’, ‘wild’ and ‘game’) compared with meat from grazing animals. Consumer preference tests on reindeer meat showed that 50 per cent of the consumers preferred meat from grazing reindeer and 50 per cent meat from pellet-fed animals. Recent reindeer meat research has included new feed mixtures using ingredients like linseed and fishmeal. Crushed linseed in the feed gave meat with a fat composition similar to that of natural pasture, which meant more PUFA than in meat from reindeer fed the normal grain-based mixture. Fishmeal used as a protein source in reindeer feed mixtures demonstrated good feed conversion and weight gain in the animals, and sensory 72 evaluation by both a trained panel and consumers did not show any negative effects on flavour attributes of the meat. The fat composition of the meat changed just slightly when comparing fish- and soybean meal, with more PUFA in the meat from fishmeal fed animals. The control group of free-ranging reindeer had significantly highest PUFA content in the meat. Our knowledge about various factors affecting reindeer meat quality has increased significantly over the last 25 years, but there is still information missing particularly regarding the interaction between production systems, slaughter handling techniques and ultimate meat quality. Renkött - är det alltid mört, gott och nyttigt?Abstract in Swedish / Sammanfattning: Kött med höga pH-värden, DFD-kött (Dark, Firm, Dry), är ett kvalitetsproblem som kan drabba kött från alla djurslag. Detta kött har dålig hållbarhet speciellt i en vakumförpackning, men andra egenskaper som köttets färg, mörhet och vattenhållande förmåga påverkas också av DFD. Höga pH-värden i renkött har visats bero på stress i samband med slakthantering och på dålig näringsstatus hos djuren. Ett flertal undersökningar på t.ex. nöt- och lammkött har rapporterat att en variation i pH-värde och glykogeninnehåll har stor betydelse för köttets mörhet. Renkött har däremot visats vara mycket mört oberoende av pH-värde, vilket har förklarats bero på en hög aktivitet av proteinnedbrytning efter slakt men också på små muskelfibrer i renköttet. Tidigare undersökningar har demonstrerat att fettsyrasammansättningen i kött förändras beroende på vad djuren äter. Allmänt gäller att i kött från betande djur finns en högre andel fleromättade fettsyror (PUFA) jämfört med djur som utfodrats med spannmålsbaserade foder. Renkött har visats ha en relativt hög andel PUFA och särskilt de sk. omega-3 PUFA. En tränad smakpanel bedömde att kött från renar som utfodrats med kommersiellt renfoder smakade mer lever och sött och hade mindre bismaker (som t.ex. gräs, vilt och ren) jämfört med kött från naturbetande renar. I en konsumentundersökning av samma typer av renkött föredrog 50 procent av konsumenterna beteskött och 50 procent föredrog kött från utfodrade renar.Den senaste forskningen har studerat nya foderblandningar där ingredienser som linfrö och fiskmjöl har utvärderats. Linfrökaka som tillsats i renpellets gav köttet en fettsammansättning som påminde om den i kött från naturbetande renar, d.v.s. köttet innehöll mer PUFA än kött från renar som utfodrats med normala pellets. I försök där fiskmjöl har använts som proteintillskott i renfoder visades ett bra foderutnyttjande och god tillväxt hos renarna och inga negativa effekter på renköttets smak kunde påvisas varken av en tränad smakpanel eller vid en konsumentundersökning. Fettsammansättningen i köttet påverkades marginellt av tillsatsen av fiskmjöl jämfört med normalfodret baserat på sojaprotein. Kött från kontrollgruppen av naturbetande renar hade det signifikant högsta innehållet av PUFA. Kunskapen om de olika faktorer som påverkar renköttets kvalitet har ökat påtagligt under de senaste 25 åren, men fortfarande saknas en del fakta när det gäller sambanden mellan produktionssystem, slakthantering och köttkvalitet.
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Irfannuddin, Irfannuddin, Minarma Siagian, Sri Jusman, Jan Purba, Ermita Ilyas, and Nurhadi Ibrahim. "Hurdle Aerobic Exercise Increases Angiogenesis and Neuroplasticity in the Hippocampus and Improves the Spatial Memory Ability of Middle-aged Mice." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 8, A (July 30, 2020): 395–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.3840.
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BACKGROUND: Complex aerobic exercise is believed to induce positive effects on neuron structure and cognitive function. Long-term and continual cognitive stimulation increases neuroplasticity by stimulating the synthesis of neuronal growth proteins and the formation of new synapses. Exercise also increases the ability of neurons to survive and improves brain vascularization. Further investigations should be conducted to explore what types of aerobic exercise are beneficial for cognitive function.
AIM: This study investigated the effects of hurdle aerobic exercise on developmentally regulated brain protein-A (Drebrin-A) as a neuroplasticity indicator, and on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as an angiogenesis marker in the hippocampus.
METHODS: This study was an experimental study with post-test only control group design. Thirty-three adult mice were divided into control, hurdle aerobic runner (HAR), and plain aerobic runner (PAR) groups (n = 11 for each group). Fiberglass running wheels were originally designed and modified to assemble hurdles inside with adjustable speed. Speed adaptation was intended to achieve aerobic intensity. The experiment was performed 5 times a week for 8 weeks. The Morris water maze test (MWMT) was used to assess spatial memory ability. One day after the last running exercise and final MWMT, the mice were sacrificed and the right side of the hippocampus was obtained for Drebrin-A analysis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The entire right side brain tissue after hippocampus was removed then used for the neuroglobin ELISA assay. To analyze VEGF expression and calculation of blood vessel, the left side of the brain was prepared for hematoxylin eosin and immunohistochemistry staining. To assess the effect of exercise on vascular widening, the analysis of the slides was performed by calculating the percentage of blood vessels with diameters more than 15 μm. One-way ANOVA and Fisher’s least significant difference test was used for statistical analysis.
RESULTS: There was a significant difference in the levels of Drebrin-A between the HAR and PAR groups. Both exercise groups had higher levels of Drebrin-A than the control group. HAR and PAR groups exhibited significantly higher percentages of blood vessels expressing VEGF in hippocampus compared to control. HAR and PAR groups had the higher percentages of larger vessels compare to control. There was no significant difference of neuroglobin levels among the three groups. Both the HAR and PAR groups exhibited better spatial memory than the control group.
CONCLUSION: Both aerobic exercises induced positive effects on brain angiogenesis, while the intensity of aerobic exercises did not result in high hypoxic stress in the brain.
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Adrian, Stine Willum. "Naturligvis? Når lys, hunde og kønsceller sætter naturen til forhandling på fertilitetsklinikken." Kulturstudier 5, no. 1 (January 2, 2015): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/ks.v5i1.18618.
Full textAbstract:
Hvad laver forestillinger om det naturlige på en fertilitetsklinik, og hvilke implikationer har anvendelsen af det naturlige, når praksisser etableres til at skabe børn via teknologi? Det er spørgsmål denne artikel rejser på baggrund af et etnografisk studie på fertilitetsklinikker i Danmark og Sverige, hvor forestillinger om det naturlige var centralt i både laboratoriepraksisser og i de etiske grænser, der var sat via lovgivere. Artiklen undersøger fire forskellige situationer, der illustrerer, hvordan naturlighedens paradoks materialiserer sig på forskellige måder på fertilitetsklinikkerne, ofte med konsekvenser for humane og ikke-humane aktører. Artiklen peger derfor på behovet for at skabe en post-naturlig etik, der tager udgangspunkt i det grundlæggende spørgsmål, Cui bono?
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Watson, Anna Blekastad. "Perleporten – et post-brechtiansk teater?" Teatervitenskapelige studier 4 (December 24, 2020): 25–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15845/tvs.v4i0.2578.
Full textAbstract:
I denne artikkelen viser jeg til Perleporten Teatergruppes særegne formspråk i forestillingene Knoll & Tott (1975) og i Jug meg en saga (1976), og hvordan formspråket er et resultat av gruppens politiske ståsted og anarkistisk livssyn, samt deres bakgrunn fra dramalinjen på Hartvig Nissen skole. Gruppens mål synes å ha vært å invitere publikum til å gjøre opp sine egne meninger og holdninger til sosiale, kulturelle og politiske problemstillinger. Disse ble løftet fram gjennom en bruk av anti-autoritære virkemidler og en fragmentarisk dramaturgi. I analysen av Perleportens teater har jeg sett på mulige berøringspunkter mellom The Living Theatre og Perleporten, som begge hadde anarkistiske idealer. I tillegg gjør jeg en nylesning av Jug meg en saga hvor jeg sammenstiller Perleportens bruk av fragmenterte narrativer og montasje av kontrasterende scener med et post-brechtiansk uttrykk. Et slikt uttrykk er særlig Heiner Müller kjent for. Ved å diskutere likheter og forskjeller mellom bruk av sceniske virkemidler og dramaturgi i oppsettinger av Perleporten Teatergruppe, The Living Theater og Heiner Müller søker jeg å vise hvordan Perleportens teater står i en anarkistisk-politisk tradisjon, som på 1970- og tidlig 80-tallet var usedvanlig i en norsk kontekst, men ikke nødvendigvis i en amerikansk eller europeisk kontekst.
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Egholm Feldt, Jakob. "Orientalisme og Israel – tre skabeloner for orientalisme-receptionen i jødiske studier." Dansk Sociologi 20, no. 3 (September 3, 2009): 77–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/dansoc.v20i3.3083.
Full textAbstract:
Denne artikel vil følge Edward W. Saids begreb ”orientalisme” inden for et særligt områdestudium. Jødiske studier er ofte dybt politisk og etisk motiverede foruden at være etnisk motiverede i den forstand, at mange forskere er engagerede i jødisk kulturpolitik, ligesom Said var dybt engageret i palæstinensernes politiske sag. Mit spørgsmål vil således være: hvordan har jødiske studier, som områdestudium betragtet, modtaget orientalismebegrebet? Mine grundlæggende antagelser er: 1. Orientalismebegrebets familiaritet med kolonialisme og imperialisme er et problem for jødiske områdestudier, fordi common sense i feltet placerer studiet i en anden kontekst. 2. Problemet er ikke kun begrebsligt/fagligt, men også politisk, fordi jødiske områdestudier helt enkelt har en markant pro-zionistisk profil. Denne politisering er ikke kun ideologisk, men opleves af mange i feltet som eksistentiel/ontologisk pga. Holocaust, og derfor er en eller anden grad af zionisme doxa.
Artiklen viser, at der findes tre skabeloner for orientalisme-receptionen i jødiske studier, som jeg kalder 1. Den kampusradikale, 2. Den postkoloniale og 3. Den historiske. Der argumenteres for, at Saids begreb orientalisme har medvirket til at opløse kultur- og socialanalytiske dikotomier i jødiske studier og dermed har ydet et væsentligt bidrag til området.
ENGELSK ABSTRACT:
Jakob Egholm Feldt: Orientalism and Israel. Three templates for Orientalism in Jewish Studies
This article analyses Edward Said’s concept of Orientalism in Jewish Studies. Jewish Studies are often highly politically, ethically and ethnically motivated, because many scholars are engaged in Jewish cultural politics just as Said was engaged in the Palestinian national cause. My question in this article is: How has the concept of Orientalism been received in Jewish Studies? My assump-tions are: 1. The familiarity between orientalism, colonialism and imperialism poses a problem for Jewish Studies, because common sense in the field places it in another context. 2. The problem is not only conceptual but also political, in as much as Jewish Studies have a significant Zionist profile. This politicization is not only ideological but also experienced as existential/ontological because of the Holocaust. Thus, a degree of Zionism is doxa in the field.
The article shows that there are three models for using the concept of orientalism in Jewish Studies. I call them: the campus radical, the post-colonial, and the historical. I argue that Said’s concept of orientalism has contributed to dissolving analytical dichotomies in Jewish cultural studies and thus made a significant contribution to the field.
Key words: Said, Israel, Zionism.
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Kyed, Morten. "”Vi er jo en virksomhed, der er særdeles overgennemsnitlig på empati”: Rekruttering af bløde kompetencer i ambulancetjenesten." Dansk Sociologi 27, no. 3/4 (November 5, 2016): 17–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/dansoc.v27i3/4.5436.
Full textAbstract:
En række sociologer har de seneste år peget på, at den postindustrielle serviceøkonomi stiller stadigt større krav til servicemedarbejderes sociale og følelsesmæssige kompetencer. Eva Illouz (2008) argumenterer eksempelvis for, at vestlige samfund kendetegnes af en ”emotionel kapitalisme”, hvor følelsesmæssige kompetencer er blevet en central stratifikationsfaktor, som marginaliserer især mænd med en traditionel arbejderklasse habitus. Men få studier har undersøgt, hvordan arbejdsgivere rent faktisk vurderer ansøgernes sociale og følelsesmæssige kompetencer. Gennem interviews og observationsstudier har artiklens forfatter undersøgt, hvordan verdens største ambulanceoperatør vurderer og værdsætter ansøgeres sociale og følelsesmæssige kompetencer gennem rekrutteringsprocessen til stillingen som ambulanceredderelev. Artiklen viser med udgangspunkt i fire ansættelsessamtaler med mandlige ansøgere, hvordan ansøgerens primære følelsesmæssige habitus har betydning for samtalens udfald og de sympatirelationer, som skabes i forbindelse med samtalen. Data viser også, at selvom ledelsen fremhæver, at personlighed og empati er afgørende i screeningen af ansøgerne, så anvender virksomheden ikke personlighedstest eller andre psykologiske teknologier i rekrutteringsprocessen. Sociale og følelsesmæssige kompetencer vurderes derimod ud fra ansøgerens institutionaliserede omsorgskapital samt bedømmelsesudvalgets mavefornemmelse af ansøgerens følelsesmæssige dispositioner og evne til at passe ind både i faget og virksomhed.
ENGELSK ABSTRACT:
Morten Kyed: ”We Are a Business that Is Really above Average in Empathy”: Recruiting ”Soft Competences” in Ambulance Service
A number of sociologists have suggested that the post-industrial service economy is placing increasing demands on service employees’ social and emotional skills. Eva Illouz (2008), for instance, argues that Western societies are characterised by an ”emotional capitalism”, in which emotional competencies are pivotal for social stratification and marginalisation of men with a traditional working class habitus. However, few studies have examined how employers actually assess applicants’ social and emotional skills. Through interviews and observational studies, the author has studied how the world’s largest ambulance operator assesses and evaluates social and emotional skills of ambulance apprentice applicants. Employing four job interviews with male candidates, the article illustrates how the applicant’s primary emotional habitus is important for the construction of sympathy relations during the job interviews and the outcome of the conversation. The data also shows that although management emphasises that personality and empathy are crucial when screening applicants, the company does not use personality tests or other psychological technologies in the recruitment process. Assessment of social and emotional skills is based on the candidate’s ”institutionalised care capital” and the assessment committee’s gut feeling about the applicant’s emotional disposition and ability to fit into both the vocation and the company.
Keywords: service work, service economy, recruitment, social competences, emotional competences, gender.
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Braga, Gustavo José, Carlos Guilherme Silveira Pedreira, Valdo Rodrigues Herling, Pedro Henrique de Cerqueira Luz, and César Gonçalves de Lima. "Sward structure and herbage yield of rotationally stocked pastures of 'Marandu' palisadegrass [Brachiaria brizantha (A.Rich.) Stapf] as affected by herbage allowance." Scientia Agricola 63, no. 2 (April 2006): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162006000200003.
Full textAbstract:
In ruminant-forage systems herbage allowance (HAL) has a major impact on grazing intensity and sward structure, affecting animals, plants, and ultimately, pasture yield. Data on HAL responses of tropical cultivated pastures are scarce and this information may be useful in optimizing pasture utilization. The objective of this study was to describe and contrast sward structure and herbage accumulation responses of 'Marandu' palisadegrass [Brachiaria brizantha (A.Rich.) Stapf] pastures to HAL during two grazing seasons (warm-rainy season of 2003 and 2004). Treatments were four daily HAL levels, 5, 10, 15 and 20 kg herbage mass per 100 kg live weight (%) in a rotational stocking system with 35 days of grazing cycle (28-day rest; 7-d grazing). Post-graze swards were shorter (~17 cm) under 5% HAL. For the other HAL levels, postgraze sward height increased throughout the experiment (21 to 50 cm). Changes in sward light interception (LI) were highly associated with height, but differed across HALs in 2004. Early in the 2003 season, HAL increases resulted in linear increase of the daily herbage accumulation rate (HAR; 47, 66, 78, and 98 kg DM ha-1 d-1 for 5, 10, 15 and 20%-HAL, respectively). For the subsequent grazing cycles of 2003 and all through 2004, HAR decreased with increasing HAL. This was associated with the excessive increase in sward height and mean forage mass, caused by lower grazing intensity. The use of lax (high) HAL to maximize animal performance, especially 10, 15 and 20%-HAL, resulted in decreased pasture performance (lower herbage accumulation, HAC) in palisadegrass pastures.
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Sørensen, Jørgen Podemann. "I begyndelsen var snavset: Snavs, råddenskab og anomisk adfærd som forløsende i traditionelle (’præ-axiale’) religioner." Religionsvidenskabeligt Tidsskrift, no. 69 (March 5, 2019): 30–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/rt.v0i69.112741.
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English Abstract: This paper deals with dirt, anomic behaviour, death and decay as productive and redemptive means within four very different traditional religions: Shinto, ancient Egyptian religion, classical Indian religion and Greek religion. In all four contexts, the motif is somehow anchored in mythology and makes sense first and foremost in ritualization, i.e. as part of the symbolic accompaniment of ritual metamorphosis. As others have demonstrated, the motif makes equally good sense in so-called post-axial religions, in which redemption is much more a matter of an inner, subjective breakthrough – but it is by no means a prerogative of such religions.
Dansk resumé: Artiklen behandler eksempler på snavs, anomisk adfærd, død og råddenskab som religiøst produktive og forløsende i fire vidt forskellige traditionelle religioner: Shinto, oldtidens ægyptiske religion, klassisk indisk religion og græsk religion. I alle fire sammenhænge er motivet mytologisk forankret, og det giver først og fremmest mening som et rituelt virkemiddel, en del af det symbolske akkompagnement til rituelle forvandlinger. Som andre har vist, giver motivet også god mening i såkaldt post-aksiale religioner, hvor forløsning i højere grad forstås som et indre, subjektivt gennembrud – men det er altså ikke forbeholdt disse.
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Alsted, Christian. "Semiologi i den kvalitative pretest af reklamefilm." MedieKultur: Journal of media and communication research 5, no. 10 (March 27, 1989): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/mediekultur.v5i10.806.
Full textAbstract:
Semiologi, kunstteori og æstetisk teori er traditionelt hjemmehørende i den analyse, der finder sted "post festum" - i værkanalysen af kunstnerisk produktion eller i indholdanalysen af massekommunikation. Tilsvarende har psykologien i bred forstand været den herskende tilgang til analysen af reklamer, både hvad angår kvantitative og kvalitative indholdsaspekter. Spørgsmålet er imidlertid om denne opdeling ikke er mere traditionelt bestemt end egentlig hensigtsmæssig? Om reklameforskningen ikke kan drage nytte af æstetisk teori, tegnteori - og massekommunikationsforsk- ningen af psykologien? I disse år ser vi tiltag, der arbejder på oplødning af disse traditionelle skel. Vi ser tilnærmelser mellem de såkaldte kvantitative og kvalitative paradig- mer. Vi ser tilnærmelser mellem den ikke-kommercielle og kommercielle massekommunikationsforskning, som synes frugtbare. I artiklen gør Christian Alsted rede for hvordan områder som semiologi, kunstteori og æstetisk teori inddrages i den praktiske pretest af relkame- film. Artiklen sluttes med en fyldig bibliografi over danske og udenlandske publikationer inden for Marketing and Semiotics.
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Vidrine, P. Roy, Daniel B. Reynolds, and James L. Griffin. "Postemergence Hemp Sesbania (Sesbania exaltata) Control in Soybean (Glycine max)." Weed Technology 6, no. 2 (June 1992): 374–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00034898.
Full textAbstract:
Field studies were conducted at three locations in Louisiana over two years to evaluate mid-season, foliar-applied acifluorfen, fomesafen, and lactofen for hemp sesbania control in soybean. Acifluorfen and fomesafen were applied POST at 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 140, and 280 g ai ha–1and lactofen was applied at 60, 80, 110, and 220 g ai ha–1. The data fit a quadratic model and log transformations were made to determine differences between treatments. Hemp sesbania control was highly correlated with herbicide rate for each herbicide. Averaged over rates of application, acifluorfen and fomesafen provided equivalent control of hemp sesbania, which was greater than that achieved with lactofen. The minimum effective rate of acifluorfen or fomesafen for 80 and 100% control of 50- to 60-cm hemp sesbania was 50 and 140 g ha–1, respectively. The minimum effective lactofen rate to provide at least 80% control was 220 g har–1.
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Jensen, Sune Qvotrup, and Ann-Dorte Christensen. "Intersektionalitet som sociologisk begreb." Dansk Sociologi 22, no. 4 (November 30, 2011): 71–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/dansoc.v22i4.3922.
Full textAbstract:
Intersektionalitetsbegrebet indebærer, at sociale differentieringsformer som køn, klasse, etnicitet og ”race” er gensidigt konstituerende både på et identitetsmæssigt og strukturelt niveau. Begrebet har haft stor gennemslagskraft og bidraget positivt til fornyelse af dansk og international kønsforskning. Da begrebet rummer potentialer til analyser af komplekse sociale differentieringer, er det imidlertid også relevant for en bredere sociologi. Nutidige højt differentierede samfund fordrer således begreber og metodologier, som er egnede til at gribe kompleksitet.
Intersektionalitetstænkningen har teorihistoriske rødder i amerikansk sort standpunktsfeminisme. I Danmark blev begrebet først anvendt af poststrukturalistiske socialpsykologer, som gentænkte det og gjorde det velegnet til at analysere, hvordan komplekse identiteter skabes i hverdagslivet. Senere er begrebet blevet anvendt af kønsforskere med andre faglige og videnskabsteoretiske udgangspunkter.
I artiklen fremhæves det, at intersektionalitetsbegrebet kan anvendes til at producere forskellige typer sociologisk viden. I den forbindelse præsenteres en typologi over forskellige tilgange til intersektionalitetsanalyser, som bruges som afsæt til at skitsere tre eksempler på analyser af social ulighed og eksklusion.
ENGELSK ABSTRACT:
Sune Qvotrup Jensen and Ann-Dorte Christensen: Inter-sectionality as a Sociological Concept
Contemporary highly differentiated societies require concepts and methodologies which are suited for grasping complexity. Intersectionality is a fruitful approach to analyze this complexity because social forms of differentiation such as gender, class, ethnicity and “race” are understood as mutually co-constructing at the level of individual identities and at the level of social structures. Intersectionality is a travelling concept which is theoretically rooted in black American feminism. In Denmark, the concept was first used by post-structuralist social psychologists, who adapted it to analyzing how complex identities were created in everyday life. Later on the concept was later taken up by gender researchers within the social sciences. This article analyses how the concept of intersectionality can be used to produce different types of sociological knowledge. It introduces a typology of approaches to intersectionality analyses, which serves as the backdrop for three examples of analyses of social inequality and exclusion.
Key words: Intersectionality, complexity, social differentiation, gender, class, ethnicity.
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Tabatabaie, Morteza, Ali Ardalan, Hassan Abolghasemi, Kourosh Holakouie Naieni, Farshad Pourmalek, Batool Ahmadi, and Mostafa Shokouhi. "Estimating Blood Transfusion Requirements in Preparation for a Major Earthquake: The Tehran, Iran Study." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 25, no. 3 (June 2010): 246–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00008116.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractIntroduction:Tehran, Iran, with a population of approximately seven million people, is at a very high risk for a devastating earthquake. This study aims to estimate the number of units of blood required at the time of such an earthquake.Methods:To assume the damage of an earthquake in Tehran, the researchers applied the Centre for Earthquake and Environmental Studies of Tehran/Japan International Cooperation Agency (CEST/JICA) fault-activation scenarios, and accordingly estimated the injury-to-death ratio (IDR), hospital admission rate (HAR), and blood transfusion rate (BTR). The data were based on Iran's major earthquakes during last two decades. The following values were considered for the analysis: (1) IDR = 1, 2, and 3; (2) HAR = 0.25 and 0.35; and (3) BTR = 0.05, 0.07, and 0.10. The American Association of Blood Banks' formula was adapted to calculate total required numbers of Type-O red blood cell (RBC) units. Calculations relied on the following assumptions: (1) no change in Tehran's vulnerability from CEST/JICA study time; (2) no functional damage to Tehran Blood Transfusion Post; and (3) standards of blood safety are secure during the disaster responses. Surge capacity was estimated based on the Bam earthquake experience. The maximum, optimum, and minimum blood deficits were calculated accordingly.Results:No deficit was estimated in case of the Mosha fault activation and the optimum scenario of North Tehran fault. The maximum blood deficit was estimated from the activation of the Ray fault, requiring up to 107,293 and 95,127 units for the 0–24 hour and the 24–72 hour periods after the earthquake, respectively. The optimum deficit was estimated up to 46,824 and 16,528 units for 0–24 hour and 24–72 hour period after the earthquake, respectively.Conclusions:In most Tehran earthquake scenarios, a shortage of blood was estimated to surge the capacity of all blood transfusion posts around the country within first three days, as it might ask for a 2–8 times more than what the system had produced following the Bam earthquake.
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Christiansen, Johanne Louise. "Selvforsømmelse, fuldskab og andre beskidte ting i Koranen og tidlig islam." Religionsvidenskabeligt Tidsskrift, no. 69 (March 5, 2019): 89–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/rt.v0i69.112744.
Full textAbstract:
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This article presents and discusses two cases from the Qurʾān and the early Islamic post-qurʾānic period that may be relevant to the overall topic of this special issue, Salvation and impurity: 1) The so-called ‘drunken’ or ‘intoxicated’ Islamic mystics, here represented by the Persian ṣūfī al-Ḥusayn b. Manṣūr al-Ḥallāj (d. 922); and 2) the state of iḥrām, which is the holy state that a Muslim enters in connection with the minor and major Islamic pilgrimage. Based on the two cases, which I have termed an obvious and an inobvious example of the positive (post)Axial relation between salvation and anomic practice, I propose the analytical distinction between a ‘temporary’ and ‘permanent fetishism with impurity’. Whereas the drunken ṣūfīs seem to pursue a more permanent anomic – and perhaps impure – mode of being, the qurʾānic descriptions of the state of iḥrām indicate a temporary and controlled exit from and entry back into the normal system. I argue that such a negotiation, and ultimately archaic solution, could be a result of the Qurʾān being a complex, conflictual, and tension-filled post-Axial compromise from its very beginning.
DANSK RESUMÉ: I denne artikel præsenterer og diskuterer jeg to cases fra henholdsvis Koranen og den tidlige islamiske post-koraniske periode som kan være relevante for dette temanummers overordnede tema): 1) De såkaldte ‘fulde’ eller ‘berusede’ islamiske mystikere repræsenteret her af den persiske ṣūfī al-Ḥusayn b. Manṣūr al-Ḥallāj (d. 922); og 2) iḥrām-tilstanden, som er den hellige tilstand man som muslim indtræder i i forbindelse med den lille og store islamiske pilgrimsfærd. Med udgangspunkt i de to cases, som jeg har kaldt et oplagt og et uoplagt eksempel på en positiv (post-)aksial forbindelse mellem frelse og anomisk prasisk, foreslår jeg den analytiske skelnen mellem en ‘temporær’ og en ‘permanent urenhedsfetichisme’. Hvor de fulde ṣūfīer synes at søge en mere permanent anomisk – og måske uren – situation, er de koraniske beskrivelser af iḥrām-tilstanden en temporær og kontrolleret exit fra og entry tilbage til det normale system. Jeg argumenterer for, at en sådan forhandling, og i sidste ende arkaisk løsning, kan skyldes at Koranen allerede fra sin begyndelse var et komplekst, konfliktuelt og spændingsfyldt post-aksialt kompromis.
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Karlsen, Mads Peter, and Kaspar Villadsen. "Har Casper Christensen og Frank Hvam læst Goffman? – om rollekompetence, kvindemoral og kynisk fornuft." Dansk Sociologi 19, no. 3 (September 28, 2008): 71–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/dansoc.v19i3.2841.
Full textAbstract:
Artiklen tager afsæt i hypotesen, at forfatterne bag sit-com’en “Klovn“ har været inspirerede af pointer hos Goffman, Žižek og Sloterdijk. Den viser gennem analyser af udvalgte afsnit af “Klovn“, hvordan den aktuelle socialitet synes gennemsyret af et særligt sæt “kønnede scripts“, som i markant grad styrer den sociale mikro-interaktion. Ikke mindst er de to mandlige hovedfigurer stærkt orienteret imod en særlig “kvindemoral“. Artiklen argumenterer videre for, at serien kritisk fremstiller et særligt træk ved vores kultur, nemlig hvad Sloterdijk har betegnet som “kynisk fornuft“. Desuden drøfter artiklen forholdet mellem populærkultur, herunder satiren, og kritisk socialanalytik, samt diskuterer, hvorvidt “Klovn“ kan siges at være ideologi-kritisk. “Klovn“ læses som portræt af en radikal postmoderne tilstand, kendetegnet dels ved agenternes porøse konstruktion af identitet gennem fragmenterede sociale spil, dels ved seriens opløsning af realitets-referencer, hvor distinktioner mellem sandt/falsk, godt/ondt, maskulin/feminin er afløst af en refleksion over tegnenes æstetiske forførelsesvirkning.
“Klovn“ fremviser disse elementer i det postmoderne med en satirisk, ironisk distance. Spørgsmålet er imidlertid, om den kritisk overskrider eller snarere reproducerer de ideologiske elementer, som den så illustrativt behandler.
ENGELSK ABSTRACT:
Mads Peter Karlsen & Kaspar Villadsen:
Have Danish Television Authors Read Goffman?
This article hypothesizes that the authors of the Danish sit-com “Klovn“ [Clown] found inspiration in key points advanced by Goffman, Žižek, and Sloterdijk. Through analysis of selected episodes, it shows how our present sociality seems pervaded by particular “gendered“ scripts, which govern social micro-interactions to a considerable extent. The two male main characters are particularly oriented toward a kind of “female morality“. The article also argues that the sit-com critically exposes a specific characteristic of our culture, what Sloterdijk termed “cynical reason“. The article also reflects upon the relationship between popular culture, satire in particular, and critical social analysis, and discusses whether “Klovn“ can be called a critique of ideology. “Klovn“ is seen as a portrait of a radicalized postmodern condition, in which agents construct their fragile identities through fragmented social games, and where distinctions between truth/false, good/evil, masculine/feminine has been dissolved and supplanted by considerations about the pure efficacy of seduction of signs. “Klovn“ demonstrates these characteristics of the post-modern with an ironic distance. The question is, however, if it critically transgresses or rather merely reproduces the ideological elements that it treats so vividly.
Key words: Popular culture, interactionism, gender roles, cynical reason, Goffman, Žižek.
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Røed, Knut H. "Refugial origin and postglacial colonization of holarctic reindeer and caribou." Rangifer 25, no. 1 (April 1, 2005): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.25.1.334.
Full textAbstract:
The classification and colonization of reindeer and caribou (Rangifer tarandus) was assessed from analysis of both proteins, nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA. I demonstrate that the current subspecies designations are not compatible with the differentiation at these markers, suggesting that the morphological differences among extant subspecies did not evolve in separate glacial refugia. Thus, morphological differences among extant subspecies probably evolved as adaptive responses to post-glacial environmental changes. An exception to this is the North American woodland caribou, where all three marker systems support a subspecies-specific refugium as the ancestral origin of these animals. Three major mtDNA haplogroups reported, represent three separate origins of the species during the last glaciation. The most influential origin has contributed to the gene pool of all extant subspecies, suggesting the existence of a large and continuous glacial population ranging across extensive areas of tundra in Eurasia and Beringia. The North American tundra forms (R.t. granti and groenlandicus) and the arctic forms (R.t platyrhynchus, R.t pearyi and R.t eogroenlandicus) almost exclusively comprise haplotypes of such an origin. Another small and isolated refugium seems to have arisen in western Eurasia in close connection to the extensive ice sheet that covered Fennoscandia. The two Eurasian subspecies R.t. tarandus and R.t. fennicus appear to have a diphyletic origin as both the putatively small and isolated Eurasian refugium and the large Beringia refugium have contributed to their gene pools. A third distinct and geographically well-defined refugial area was probably located south to the extensive North American continental ice sheet from where the ancestors of the present North American woodland caribou (R.t. caribou) likely originated.Abstract in Norwegian / Sammendrag: Systematisk inndeling og kolonisering av rein (Rangifer tarandus) ble bestemt ved å analysere for variasjon i genetiske markører som proteiner, kjerneDNA og mitokondrieDNA. Dagens oppdeling av rein i underarter viser liten overensstemmelse med variasjonsmønsteret i de undersøkte markørene, noe som viser at de morfologiske forskjellene som karakteriserer dagens underarter ikke har utviklet seg i atskilte refugier i løpet av siste istid. Unntak fra dette er nordamerikansk skogsrein (woodland caribou-R.t. caribou) hvor alle tre markørsystemene indikerer at denne har utviklet seg i et refugium forskjellig fra andre underarter. De tre registrerte hovedhaplogruppene i mitokondrie-DNA representerer tre atskilte opprinnelser av rein i løpet av siste istid. Den mest innflytelsesrike av disse bidro vesentlig til genbanken til alle dagens underarter av rein, noe som tyder på at det under siste istid eksisterte en stor reinpopulasjon med kontinuerlig utbredelse gjennom store deler av tundraen i Eurasia og Beringia. De nordamerikanske tundrareintypene (R.t. granti og R.t. groenlandicus), samt de arktiske typene (R.t. platyrhunchus, R.t. pearyi og R.t. eogroenlandicus) består nærmest utelukkende av haplotyper med denne opprinnelse. Et annet lite og isolert refugium syntes å ha oppstått i Vest-Europa i nærheten av den omfattende isbreen som dekket Fennoskandia. De to europeiske underarter, R.t. tarandus og R.t. fennicus, syntes å ha en todelt opprinnelse med genetisk påvirkning fra både det antatt lille og isolerte refugiet i Eurasia samt fra det store Beringia refugiet. Et tredje geografisk distinkt refugium var antagelig lokalisert sør for den omfattende isbreen i Nord Amerika hvorfra forfedrene til dagens nordamerikanske skogsrein (R.t. caribou) har sin mest sannsynlige opprinnelse.
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Vartanian, Victor, Klaus Hummler, Steve Olson, Tyler Barbera, Kai-Hung Yu, Shan Hu, Akira Fujita, et al. "SHORT LOOP ELECTRICAL AND RELIABILITY LEARNING FOR THROUGH SILICON VIA (TSV)MID-WAFER FRONT-SIDE PROCESSES." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2014, no. 1 (October 1, 2014): 000794–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-thp14.
Full textAbstract:
Even as unit processes for high aspect ratio (HAR) through silicon via (TSV) mid-wafer front-side processing are becoming relatively mature, scaling of the TSVs and reduction of cost of ownership (COO) drive significant innovations in processes, equipment and materials. To assess their high volume manufacturing (HVM) worthiness, any new unit processes need to be evaluated with respect to yield, reliability and COO. Fully integrated product runs tend to be too slow and expensive for this purpose. At SEMATECH, we use TSV mid-wafer short loop test vehicles for rapid learning cycles through in-line electrical test (ILT) and wafer-level reliability assessments using voltage ramp dielectric breakdown (VRDB). These test vehicles contain 5 × 50 μm or 2 × 40 μm TSV comb test structures, which are testable after the first front-side metal line layer level. Novel unit processes by our associate member companies are inserted into the process flow, and are optimized and assessed using split lot experiments. Processes including TSV etch, post TSV etch cleans, dielectric liner deposition, Cu diffusion barrier and seed deposition, as well as TSV fill by Cu electrochemical deposition (ECD) were evaluated. ILT and VRDB results for short loop lots are presented and discussed.
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Trolle, Astrid Krabbe. "Migrantkirker. Fra grænseflade til kerne i den danske religionsmodel." Religionsvidenskabeligt Tidsskrift, no. 62 (November 20, 2015): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/rt.v0i62.22569.
Full textAbstract:
Christian migrant churches have been a part of the borderland of the Danish model of religion for a long time, but the state and the Danish folk church are opening up for migrant churches to become a part of the Danish folk church through valgmenighedsloven (law on free congregations). Some migrant churches thereby move from the borderland to the core of the Danish model of religion. This movement, however, is not without conflict as several migrant churches challenge the conventional and Westphalian way of conceptualising religion. I use Peter Beyer's theory of Post-Westphalian religion to shed light on the possible borders between the migrant churches and the Danish folk church.Kristne migrantkirker har længe været en del af den danske religionsmodels grænseflade, men staten og folkekirken er ved at åbne op for, at de nyere migrantkirker kan blive en del af folkekirken via valgmenighedsloven. Dermed bevæger nogle migrantkirker sig fra religionsmodellens grænseflade til at blive en del af modellens kerne. Denne bevægelse er dog ikke uden konflikter, da flere migrantkirker udfordrer den gængse og westfalske måde at tænke religion på. Artiklen gør brug af Peter Beyers teori om postwestfalsk religion til at belyse de mulige grænser mellem migrantkirkerne og folkekirken
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Bransholm Pedersen, Kirsten, and Najaaraq Paniula. "De grønlandske kvindeorganisationers rolle i den politiske udviklingsproces – set i et postkolonialt perspektiv." Dansk Sociologi 25, no. 4 (December 4, 2014): 95–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/dansoc.v25i4.4988.
Full textAbstract:
Mange af de kvinder, der tog aktiv del i det kvindeorganisatoriske arbejde fra Nyordningen i 1950 og frem til Hjemmestyrets indførelse i 1979, sidder i dag på indflydelsesrige poster i Grønland, og har på forskellig måde været med til at præge den politiske og erhvervsmæssige udvikling. I dag synes det kvindeorganisatoriske arbejde at køre med noget lavere profil og er i høj grad koncentreret omkring bevarelse og videregivelse af de traditionelle kvinde-kvalifikationer i fangerkulturen. Kønsdiskussionen er delvist forstummet, selvom der er en række presserende problemer: Vold mod kvinder, kvinder tjener i gennemsnit en tredjedel mindre end mændene (Grønlands Statistik 2014), den sociale og økonomiske ulighed imellem kvinder er voksende. Artiklen samler op på de erfaringer og de styrkepositioner, kvinderne historisk har erhvervet sig i det kvinde-organisatoriske arbejde, og kommer ud fra et køns- og postkolonialt perspektiv, med nogle bud på, hvorfor kvindespørgsmålet og kvindeorganisering ikke står så højt på dagsordenen længere. I artiklen forfølges en forforståelse af, at der med den danske kolonialisering af Grønland igangsattes en moderniserings- og patriarkaliseringsproces, som gradvist skabte en radikal ny social organisering af samfundet, både på struktur- og hverdagslivsniveau, som ikke blot forandrede de sociale relationer imellem kønnene og imellem kvinder (og mænd) indbyrdes, men også fik naturaliseret den vestlige (patriarkalske) kønsdiskurs i en sådan grad, at mulige potentialer i en prækolonial kønsforståelse blev usynlige i den grønlandske udviklingsproces. Vi konkluderer, at der i det postkoloniale feministiske tankeunivers findes potentialer til igen at italesætte kønsrelationerne i Grønland og kommer med bud på, hvorledes indsigt i de præ- og postkoloniale grønlandske kønskonstruktioner kan bidrage til skabelse af nye fremtidsbilleder.
ENGELSK ABSTRACT:
Kirsten Bransholm Pedersen and Najaaraq Paniula: The Role of the Greenlandic Women’s Organization in the Process of Political Development – From a Post-Colonial Perspective
Today, many of the Greenlandic women who took an active part in the women’s movement from 1950, when it was new, until the introduction of Home Rule in 1979, occupy influential positions in Greenland. They have, in various ways, influenced political developments within the country. Today the women’s movement is running but has a somewhat lower profile, and is largely concentrated on the preservation of the traditional female skills in the former hunting culture. The gender discussion is partially silenced, although there are a number of urgent problems: violence against women, women earn on average a third less than men (Statistics Greenland 2014), and the social and economic inequality between women is growing. Employing a gender and postcolonial perspective, this article provides an overview of the experience and strengths women historically have gained through their participation in the women’s movement. Furthermore it puts forward some suggestions as to why women’s issues and women’s organization is almost absent on today’s agenda. The article is based on the preconception that the Danish colonization of Greenland initiated a process of modernization and patriarchalization which gradually created a radical new structural and social organization of society. The process not only changed the social relations between the sexes and among women (and men), but also got naturalized Western (patriarchal) gender discourse to such an extent that the potentials that could be found in a pre-colonial understanding of the relation between women and men became invisible in the Greenlandic development process. We conclude that the postcolonial feminist theories have the potential to re-articulate the discussion on gender in Greenland, and make suggestions concerning how insight into the pre- and post-colonial Greenlandic gender constructions can contribute to the creation of new possible gender images.
Keywords: Greenland, women’s movement, post-colonial feminist theories, ”genderlessness”.
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Haugbølle, Sune. "Den anden revolution: De arabiske opstande belyst af arabisk postmarxisme." Dansk Sociologi 26, no. 4 (December 5, 2015): 71–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/dansoc.v26i4.5037.
Full textAbstract:
Denne artikel analyserer arabiske marxistiske intellektuelles læsninger af de arabiske opstande siden 2011 og introducerer til arabisk postmarxisme forstået som social teori, der baserer sig på hele den brede familie af marxistiske teorier og traditioner men forholder sig kritisk til den. Artiklen trækker på Alain Badious undersøgelse af begivenhed, situation og spor. For rigtigt at forstå en begivenhed som de arabiske opstandes betydning, må nogen engagere sig i at undersøge dette spor kritisk. Jeg argumenterer, at arabisk postmarxisme repræsenterer en kritisk undersøgelse af et Badiousk spor, der viser tilbage til uafklarede begivenheder i fortiden. Sporet går i retning af tidligere arabiske revolutioner, og de arabiske marxisters deltagelse i dem samt deres tidligere læsninger af forholdet mellem stat, samfund og intellektuelle. Deres erindringsarbejde er således også et politisk arbejde, der søger at forklare, hvordan de arabiske opstande blev muliggjort, og hvordan de adskiller sig fra tidligere revolutionære øjeblikke. Denne analyse viser yderligere, at ikke-vestlige samfunds egne læsninger og intellektuelle traditioner skal tages alvorligt i sammenlignende studier af revolution. Postmarxistisk teori er relevant for revolutioner, fordi den giver redskaber til at analysere det revolutionære subjekt, som Skocpol og andre ignorerede, men som revolutionsteori i dag har indset er af afgørende betydning for forståelsen af sociale revolutioner.
ENGELSK ABSTRACT:
Sune Haugbølle: The Other Revolution: The Arab Uprisings in Light of Arab Post-Marxism
This article analyzes Arab Marxist intellectuals and their readings of the Arab uprisings since 2011. In addition, it introduces Arab post-Marxism, or social theory drawing often critically on the broad family of Marxist theory and traditions. The article draws on Alain Badiou’s concepts of situation, event and trace. In order to understand events such as the Arab uprisings, someone must be engaged in examining the trace critically. I argue that Arab post-Marxism represents a critical examination of Badiou’s trace referring back to undigested events in the past. The trace points to earlier Arab revolutions, to the participation of Arab Marxists in them, and to their earlier readings of the relation between state, society and intellectuals. In this way, their memory work constitutes political work seeking to clarify how the Arab uprisings were made possible and how they are different from earlier revolutionary moments. On a general level, this analysis shows that intellectual traditions of non-Western societies and the way they engage their past must be taken seriously in comparative studies of revolution. Post-Marxist theory is relevant for revolutions because it provides tools to analyze the revolutionary subject, which Skocpol and others have largely ignored, but which, as most theorists of revolution theory acknowledge, is crucial for our understanding of social and political revolutions.
Keywords: revolution, Arab uprisings, post-Marxism, collective memory, Badiou.
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Lund, Andreas, and Tone Malmstedt Eriksen. "Teacher Education as Transformation: Some Lessons Learned from a Center for Excellence in Education." Acta Didactica Norge 10, no. 2 (April 15, 2016): 53–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/adno.2483.
Full textAbstract:
Denne artikkelen presenterer noen utfordringer som synes å forekomme ofte innenfor både lærerutdanning og forskning på lærerutdanning. Vi argumenterer for at prinsipper knyttet til aktørskap i endringsprosesser (transformative agency) samt dobbel stimulering (Sannino, 2014; Vygotsky, 1978) utgjør et begrepsmessig rammeverk egnet til å undersøke endringer i lærerutdanningen, og som kan bidra til forståelsen av hvordan vi kan designe fremtidsrettede studieprogrammer. Vi syntetiserer noen funn fra et antall prosjekter der rekonfigurering av lærerutdanning står sentralt og der man har søkt å overskride epistemologiske dikotomier for å forberede vordende lærere på en verden i endring. Metodologisk bruker vi nevnte rammeverk i en post hoc-analyse av en serie formative intervensjoner i lærerutdanningen. Fellesnevneren ligger i å overskride tradisjonelt akademisk kunnskapsarbeid i lærerutdanningen. Vår konklusjon er at transformasjon og rekonfigurering av forholdet mellom teori og praksis er mulig, og at de prosjektene vi her bruker som empiriske linser, kan fungere som bærere av nye innsikter i hvordan vi kan transformere lærerutdanningen i kunnskapssamfunnet.Nøkkelord: lærerutdanning, transformasjon, aktørskap (agency), integrasjon, universitet, skole, knunnskapsformerAbstractThis article presents some challenges that appear to be common in the current landscape of teacher education and teacher education research. We argue that the principles of transformative agency and double stimulation (Sannino, 2014; Vygotsky, 1978) offer a conceptual framework for studying changes in teacher education and can contribute to the understanding of how we can design future-oriented study programs. We synthesize some common findings from a number of projects attempting to reconfigure teacher education, transcend epistemological dichotomies and prepare teachers for a changing world. Methodologically, we use the conceptual framework mentioned above to conduct a post hoc analysis of a series of formative interventions in teacher education. The common denominator is transcending traditional academic work in teacher education. We conclude that the reconfiguration of educational research and practice in teacher education is doable and that the examples of projects presented serve as empirical lenses and carriers of new understandings of how to transform teacher education in the knowledge society.Key words: teacher education, transformation, agency, integration, university, school, knowledge types
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Wiklund, Eva, Timothy R. Manley, and Roger P. Littlejohn. "Glycolytic potential and ultimate muscle pH values in red deer (Cervus elaphus) and fallow deer (Dama dama)." Rangifer 24, no. 2 (April 1, 2004): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.24.2.305.
Full textAbstract:
The ultimate pH value of meat (measured at approx. 24 hours post slaughter) gives information about the technological quality, i.e. shelf life, colour, water-holding properties and tenderness and is a direct consequence of muscle glycogen (energy) levels at slaughter. It may therefore also indicate whether or not the animal has been exposed to stressful energy depleting events prior to slaughter. In the present study, 141 animals (130 red deer (Cervus elaphus) and 11 fallow deer (Dama dama) were included to investigate the relationship between ultimate pH and residual glycogen concentration in red deer and fallow deer M. longissimus. In addition, the muscle glycogen content and ultimate pH values in three red deer muscles (Mm. triceps brachii, longissimus and biceps femoris) were studied. M. triceps brachii had higher ultimate pH and lower glycogen content compared with the other two studied muscles. The frequency of intermediate DFD (5.8≤ pH<6.2) was 5.4% in red deer M. longissimus, compared with 9.1% in fallow deer, while the frequency of DFD (pH≥ 6.2) was much lower in red deer (3.8%) than in fallow deer (54.5%). A curvilinear relationship between ultimate pH and total glucose concentration (glycogen and glucose) 30 min post slaughter in red deer and fallow deer M. longissimus was found. The relationship between muscle pH and lactic acid concentration however, was indicated to be linear. A significant variation in total glucose concentration at ultimate pH below 5.80 was observed, including values in the range from 18 to 123 mmol/kg wet tissue. It was concluded that further studies are needed to further explore the relationship between muscle glycogen content and technological and sensory quality attributes of meat from different deer species.Abstract in Swedish / Sammanfattning:Köttets pH-värde (mätt ca 24 timmar efter slakt) har stor betydelse för den teknologiska kvaliteten som t. ex. hållbarhet, färg, vattenhållande förmåga och mörhet. Glykogenförrådet (energinivån) i djurens muskulatur vid slakt är helt avgörande för köttets slutliga pH-värde. Därför kan pH-värdet också indikera om hanteringen av slaktdjur varit skonsam eller om stora mängder muskelenergi har förbrukats vid stress. I vår undersökning ingick 141 hjortar (130 kronhjortar (Cervus elaphus) och 11 dovhjortar (Dama dama) för att studera sambandet mellan köttets pH-värde och glykogeninnehållet i M. longissimus. Glykogeninnehåll och pH-värden i 3 muskler från kronhjort (Mm. triceps brachii, longissimus och biceps femoris) undersöktes också. M. triceps brachii hade högre pH-värde och lägre glykogeninnehåll jämfört med de två andra musklerna. Det var inte så stor skillnad i frekvensen av intermediär DFD (pH-värden mellan 5,8 og 6,2) mellan de två hjortarterna (5,4% för kronhjort och 9,1% för dovhjort), däremot var frekvensen av DFD (pH-värden över 6,2) mycket låg hos kronhjort (3,8%) jämfört med dovhjort (54,5%). Det fanns ett kurvlinjärt samband mellan slutligt pH-värde i köttet och total glukoskoncentration (glykogen + glukos) mätt i M. longissimus 30 min efter slakt för både kron- och dovhjort. Ett linjärt samband mellan pH-värde och koncentration av mjölksyra i M. longissimus kunde också visas. Vi fann en mycket stor varitation i glukoskoncentration (18−123 mmol/kg våtvikt) när köttets pH-värdet var 5,8 eller lägre. Det behövs fler undersökningar för att vidare klargöra sambanden mellan glykogeninnehåll i muskulaturen och teknologisk och sensorisk kvalitet i olika typer av hjortkött.
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Reimers, Eigil. "Wild reindeer calf recruitment variations; biology or methodology?" Rangifer 26, no. 1 (January 28, 2009): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.26.1.183.
Full textAbstract:
The two field methods, ground counts and aerial photography, currently used for calculating population estimates and calf recruitment for Norwegian wild reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) produce different results. Using population count data by both methods from the same years in various areas, I systematically compare estimates of sex and age components and decipher reasons for the discrepancies found in previous estimates made by each method. Data for aerial photography counts were found in the literature, while original data is presented for ground counts. Calf recruitment (calves/100 females) and the proportion of adult males (males 1+ years/100 animals 1+ years) in herds of reindeer in Norefjell-Reinsjøfjell (1993-98), Rondane North (1995-97) and Setesdal-Ryfylke (1995, 1998) were recorded from ground counts of post calving groups in June-July. The estimates for number of calves per 100 females 1+ years were lower and more variable than number of calves per 100 females 2+ years. A variable number of yearling females in the groups and difficulties in correctly sexing yearlings are contributing factors. The estimates for number of calves/100 females 1+ years were higher than calves/100 animals 1+ years due to the inclusion of young males in the latter. Among animals 1+ years in the post-calving groups, males (mostly yearling males) composed from 4.7 to 27.9 %. Nevertheless, both calculation methods for calf recruitment were consistently higher for ground count data than when using counts from air photographs, confirming that the two methods do not produce comparable results. Explanations for this discrepancy are (1) that calves may be easier to overlook on air photographs than in ground composition counts and (2) that the yearling male components in the post calving groups are unaccounted for when using air photographs. June recruitment rates (calves/100 females 1+ years) in Rondane North were also estimated from composition counts recorded from ground counts in October and from air photographs of post calving groups in June/July. Rates ranged from 44 - 56 from ground counts in 1985-92 and 1995-97, compared to 37 - 65 from air photographs the same years. The air photograph method is based on the assumption that few males are present in the post-calving groups and that the variability in calf recruitment figures reflects variations in reproduction and postnatal calf mortality. The reported ground composition counts challenge the validity of the air photography method commonly used for assessment of calf recruitment or calf mortality in the post-calving wild reindeer groups. While aerial photography may be worthwhile for over-all population counts, ground observations might be necessary for more precise calculations of specific population components, such as age and sex proportions and calf recruitment estimates.Abstract in Norwegian / Sammendrag:Estimerte rekrutteringsvariasjoner for villreinkalver avhenger av metodevalg De to metodene som i dag anvendes til bestemmelse av kalvetilvekst i juni-juli hos villrein (Rangifer tarandus) i sørnorske villreinområder, flyfotografering av fostringsflokkene og strukturtellinger fra bakken, gir forskjellige resultater. Ved å sammenligne populasjonsdata innsamlet ved de to metodene i samme områder og i samme år, har jeg søkt å finne årsakene til at de to metodene har produsert ulike rekrutteringsdata. Populasjonsdata fra flyfotograferingsmetoden er samlet fra publiserte kilder, mens originale data presenteres for bakkestrukturtellingene. Kalvetilvekst (kalver/100 simler 1 år+) og andelen bukk (bukker 1 år+/100 dyr 1 år+) i reinsflokker i Norefjell-Reinsjøfjell (1993-98), Rondane Nord (1995-97) og Setesdal-Ryfylke (1995, 1998) ble registrert gjennom strukturtellinger fra bakken av fostringsflokker i juni-juli. Kalvetilvekst basert på kalv per 100 simler 1 år+ var lavere og mer variabel enn tilvekst basert på kalv per 100 simler 2 år+. Et variabelt antall åringssimler i flokkene og problemer med kjønnsbestemmelse av åringer er viktige årsaker til variasjonene. Antall kalv per 100 simler 1 år+ var gjennomgående høyere enn antall kalv per 100 dyr 1 år+ på grunn av at yngre bukker er inkludert i den siste kategorien. Bukker (hovedsakelig åringsbukk) utgjorde fra 4.7 til 27.9% av dyr 1 år+ i fostringsflokkene. Begge beregningsmåtene (kalv per 100 simler 1 år+ og kalv per 100 dyr 1 år+) ga høyere rekrutteringstall enn tilsvarende tall basert på flyfotos og bekreftet at de to metodene ikke produserte samme resultat. Forklaring på denne forskjellen i rekrutteringsestimat kan tenkes å henge sammen med (1) at kalvene er lettere å overse på flyfotos enn fra bakken og (2) at andelen åringsbukk i fostringsflokkene ikke kan bestemmes på flyfotos og følgelig heller ikke korrigeres for. Beregnet kalverekruttering i juni ble også estimert i Rondane Nord på basis av bakkestrukturtellinger i oktober og sammenlignet med tilsvarende tall beregnet på basis av flyfotos fra juni-juli de samme årene. Rekrutteringsratene (kalv per 100 simle 1 år+) målt på bakken varierte fra 44 til 56 i 1985-92 og 1995-97 sammenlignet med 37 til 65 målt på flyfotos. Flyfotograferingsmetoden er basert på antagelsen om at det er få bukker i fostringsflokkene i juni-juli, og at variasjonen i rekrutteringstallene reflekterer årlige variasjoner i tilvekst og tidlig kalvedødlighet. Bestandsstrukturdata registrert ved bakkeregistreringsmetoden utfordrer holdbarheten i flyfotometoden som anvendes til bestemmelse av kalverekruttering og tidlig kalvedødlighet i de forskjellige villreinområdene. Mens flyfotografering synes overlegen for bestemmelse av bestandsstørrelse, synes bakkeregistrering å være nødvendig for en mer presis beregning av populasjonsparametere så som alders- og kjønnssammensetning og tilveksttall i villreinbestandene.
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Andrey A., Bazarov, and Tushinov Bair L. "“The Great Biography of Je Tsongkhapa” by Chahar Geshe: The Development of Buddhism in Northwest China in the 14th Century." Humanitarian Vector 16, no. 3 (June 2021): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/1996-7853-2021-16-3-191-199.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to the analysis of the development of Buddhism in Northwest China in the 14th century. This process was described in the treatise of the Mongol scholar Chahar Geshe [Tib. cha har dge bshes blo bzang tshul khrims, 1740–1810] “The source of goodness and happiness: the biography of the Great Omniscient Rje Tsong kha pa, presented in an easy-to-understand manner.” [Tib. rje thams cad mkhyen pa’i tsong kha pa chen po’i rnam thar go sla bar brjod pa bde legs kun gyi ‘byung gnas]. This work is an example of Buddhist historical thought, which was developed in the traditional culture of the Tibetans and Mongols in the 18th-19th centuries. The authors of the article claim that the “The biography of the Great Omniscient Rje Tsong kha pa” has a specificity of presentation, determined by the author’s personality, historical and cultural circumstances. This specificity is related to the post-classical period of the history of Tibetan scholasticism, within which the work was written. Chahar Geshe tried to understand the results of the most important stages of the Buddhist history in the vast region based on the works of previous generations. The treatise can be described as a scholastic work and Chahar Geshe as an outstanding scholar and theorist of his time. The fragment of the relationship of the great reformer of Tibetan Buddhism with his teacher Dondub Rinchen from the work is fundamental historical evidence of the most important religious and cultural processes that took place in the vast territories of Northwestern China during the 14th century. Keywords: Buddhism, Tibet, Northwest China, 14th century, biography of Je Tsongkhapa, Dondub Rinchen
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Villadsen, Kaspar. "Civilsamfundet i det foucaultske blik – magtens relæ eller magtkritikkens base?" Dansk Sociologi 21, no. 2 (April 24, 2010): 7–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/dansoc.v21i2.3279.
Full textAbstract:
Denne artikel diskuterer civilsamfundets status i poststrukturelle magtanalyser med særlig fokus på governmentality studier. Den påpeger, at begrebet har en ambivalent status inden for denne tradition: Er det en diskursiv styringskategori? Er det et domæne bestående af bestemte institutioner? Er civilsamfundet et gennemstrømningspunkt for magten eller et sæde for social kritik og modmagt? Disse uklarheder udfordres af de senere års politisk-administrative omfavnelse af ”civilsamfund”, ”lokale fællesskaber” og ”velfærdspluralisme”, hvorved civilsamfundets styrings- og kritikpotentialer sammenvæves på nye og uventede måder. To centrale bidrag til teoretisering af magt og civilsamfund vurderes nærmere, nemlig henholdsvis Michael Hardt & Antonio Negri og Nikolas Rose. Mens Hardt & Negri hævder, at civilsamfundet er blevet gennemtrængt af kontrolsamfundets flydende magtformer, tillader Roses foucault-inspirerede tilgang at begribe civilsamfundet som på én gang styringskategori og base for modstand. Artiklen præciserer desuden Foucaults egen forståelse af civilsamfundet og foreslår forskydninger i den foucauldianske tilgang til velfærdsstat og civilsamfund i lyset af aktuelle velfærdsreformer.
Søgeord: Civilsamfund, governmentalitet, Empire, kritik, poststrukturalisme, Foucault.
ENGELSK ABSTRACT:
Kaspar Villadsen: Civil Society through the Foucauldian Gaze: Networks of Micro-power or the Basis of Critique?
This article considers the treatment of civil society in post structural analysis of power, paying particular attention to governmentality studies. The concept of civil society has an ambivalent status in this tradition. Is it a discursive category of government? Is it a domain constituted by particular institutions? Is civil society permeated by networks of power or is it a seat of social critique and resistance? These ambiguities become more precarious as political and administrative strategies increasingly embrace ”civil society”, ”local communities”, and ”welfare pluralism”, thereby intertwining the potentials of governing and the critique of civil society in new and unexpected ways. The article discusses two influential contributions to theorizing the relationship between power and civil society, Michael Hardt & Antonio Negri and Nikolas Rose. While Hardt & Negri suggest that civil society has become penetrated by the fluid powers of control society, Rose’s Foucault-inspired approach allows us to conceive of civil society as a category of government and a base for resistance at the same time. The article also discusses Foucault’s own conception of civil society and suggests modifications in the foucauldian stance on welfare state and civil society in light of current welfare reforms.
Key words: Civil society, governmentality, Empire, critique, post structuralisme, Foucault.
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Lukmanulhakim, Lukmanulhakim, and Delly Arfa Syukrowardi. "THE EFFECTS OF SPIRITUAL COUNSELING ON THE ANXIETY LEVEL OF PATIENT’S FAMILY AT THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT (ICU) OF dr. DRADJAT PRAWIRANEGARA HOSPITAL IN SERANG, BANTEN PROVINCE, INDONESIA." Belitung Nursing Journal 4, no. 4 (June 29, 2018): 403–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33546/bnj.404.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Critical nursing is a specific service in giving a holistic nursing service to fulfill human response to a life-threatening problem. A critical nurse can give a social support to patient’s family through assessment, counseling, and supporting group. Counseling is combination between high technology physical caring and emotional caring, which is needed by patients and the family. Spiritual counseling is a complementary medication preferred by the family of patient who is in acute and critical care.Objective: The study intends to identify the effects of spiritual counseling on the anxiety level of patient’s family at the ICU of dr. Dradjat Prawiranegara Hospital in Serang, Banten Province.Methods: The study is a pre-experimental research with one group pre-test and post-test design. The samples are 25 respondents who were selected by using consecutive sampling technique during one month (May to June 2016). The data of anxiety level were collected by using HAR-S (Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety) questionnaire. Then the data was analyzed by using parametrical t-test paired sample for the variable of anxiety before and after giving spiritual counseling. Meanwhile, the variable of respondent characteristics to anxiety was analyzed by using independent sample test.Results: The study finds that the mean of respondents’ anxiety level before spiritual counseling is 33.44 and the standard deviation is 5.213. Meanwhile, after conducting spiritual counseling, the mean is 18.60 and the standard deviation (SD) is 2.582. Bivariate analysis result shows a significant difference between anxiety level of patient’s family in ICU (Intensive Care Unit) before and after conducting spiritual counseling in which p value is 0.000, the mean is 14.840, and SD is 5.437.Conclusion: Nurses should be more capable in implementing the intervention of spiritual counseling to patient’s family. Spiritual counseling can give a positive alteration to the family emotional situation. It impacts on the decrease of patient’s family anxiety level. By the decrease of family anxiety level, the possibility of doing mistake in decision-making is expected to be avoided.
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Heide Ottosen, Mai. "Rigtige og forkerte familierelationer. Om sociale konstruktioner af genealogien." Dansk Sociologi 23, no. 2 (May 1, 2012): 89–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/dansoc.v23i2.4094.
Full textAbstract:
Artiklen bidrager til en familiesociologisk diskussion om, hvordan natur og kultur spiller sammen i forståelsen af de senmoderne familierelationer. På baggrund af et empirisk udvalg af 44 familieberetninger, indsamlet blandt midaldrende danske informanter, udforsker artiklen, hvordan individer inkluderes eller ekskluderes som familiemedlemmer. Gennem beretningens linser fokuserer analysen på, hvordan familier før og nu har håndteret kritiske begivenheder som uægte børn, skilsmissefamilierelationer, genforening af adoptivbørn og konstruktioner af genealogier. Inden for et tidsrum på 50 år identificerer analysen tre skift i opfattelsen af ”rigtige familiebånd”: Omkring 1950 refererer ”rigtig” til normativ konformitet, omkring 1975 er den rigtige familierelation den autentiske, mens ”rigtig” omkring år 2000 konnoterer til videnskabelig sandhed. Selv om disse forståelser af ”rigtige familiebånd” på nogle punkter synes at have afløst hinanden successivt, var de alligevel samtidigt til stede, da dataindsamlingen fandt sted.
ENGELSK ABSTRACT:
Mai Heide Ottosen: Correct and Incorrect Family Relations. On Social Constructions of Genealogy
This article aims to contribute to the academic debate within the field of family and kinship studies that discusses how nature and culture interplay in the perceived constitution of (late) modern family relationships. Based on a sample of 44 case histories of families gathered from middle-aged Danes, the article explores how individuals are included or excluded as family members. Using the narratives, the analysis focuses on how families have handled critical events such as illegitimate children, post-divorce relationships, adoption reunions and constructions of genealogies, both in the present and the past. The article identifies three shifts in the perception of what “proper family ties” mean over a span of 50 years. In 1950 “proper” refers to normative conformity; in 1975 the proper family relationship was what is authentic; while in 2000 “proper” connotes scientific truth. Although these understandings appear to have succeeded each other, they are all still alive today.
Key words: Family, kinship, family law, biographical methods.
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Mechlenborg, Mette. "Hjemme i globaliseringen." Dansk Sociologi 18, no. 4 (November 3, 2007): 71–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/dansoc.v18i4.2302.
Full textAbstract:
I nærværende artikel er det min hensigt at sætte fokus på den aktuelle dyrkelse af hjemmet, som har pustet liv i en diskussion om hjemmets rolle i globaliseringsteorierne. I dag synes udfordringen ikke at forstå globaliseringen over for det forankrede hverdagsliv, men at forsøge at etablere en dialog mellem de to.
Ved at sætte begrebet hjem centralt i forhold til teorier om mobilitet, modernisering og globalisering, vil denne artikel sætte fokus på kløften mellem stereotype opfattelser af globaliseringen og ind-groede myter om hjem og hverdagsliv. Teoretisk og metodisk er artiklen placeret i feltet mellem boligforskning, kulturstudier og globaliserings-forskningen. Med udgangspunkt i Marshall Bermans modernitetsopfattelse og Mieke Bals tværkulturelle teori om "rejsende koncepter" gennemgås en række kanoniserede ideer om hjem og globalisering, idet hensigten er at åbne op for en mere nuanceret, tidssvarende definition af det globaliserede hjem. Af referencer kan nævnes Zygmunt Bauman, David Morley, John Tomlinson og Agnes Heller.
ENGELSK ABSTRACT:
Mette Mechlenborg: At Home in Globalisation?
The recent renaissance of home in culture and media has reactivated a discussion about the role of anchor in the theories of globalisation. It has also revived the discussion of the consequences of globalisation in everyday life. Today the challenge is not so much to understand the difference between a homebound life and globalisation, but to establish a dialogue between the two.
By trying to place home in the center of theories on mobility, modernity and globalisation, this article focuses on the gap between traditional understandings of globalisation and myths of everyday life and home. Theoretically and methodically this article lies in the field between housing research, cultural studies and theories of globalisation. It is embedded in the writings of Marshall Berman and in Mieke Bal’s theory of “travelling concepts“, developed for interdisciplinary studies, but goes through a range of canonised publications and writings dealing with the gap between home and globalisation as it tries to open up for a more up to date and post modern definition of the globalised home.
Key words: Globalisation, home, everyday life, mobility, theory.
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ملكاوي, أسماء حسين. "عروض مختصرة." الفكر الإسلامي المعاصر (إسلامية المعرفة سابقا) 15, no. 59 (January 1, 2010): 200–189. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/citj.v15i59.2647.
Full textAbstract:
القرآن الكريم والقراءة الحداثية دراسة تحليلية نقدية لإشكالية النص عند محمد أركون، الحسن العباقي، دمشق: صفحات للدراسات والنشر، 2009م، 320 صفحة.
أزمة الحضارة العربية المترددة، أبو يعرب المرزوقي، الدوحة: الدار العربية للعلوم ناشرون، مركز الجزيرة للدراسات، 2009م، 71 صفحة.
العولمة وأزمة الليبرالية الجديدة - الكتاب الثاني، محمد عابد الجابري، بيروت: الشبكة العربية للأبحاث والنشر، 2009م، 392 صفحة.
أزمة القيم من مأزق الأخلاقيات إلى جماليات الوجود، جمال مفرج، بيروت: الدار العربية للعلوم ناشرون، 2009م، 95 صفحة.
التعليم وأزمة الهوية الثقافية، محمد عبد الرؤوف عطية، القاهرة: مؤسسة طيبة للنشر والتوزيع، 2009م، 334 صفحة.
Media, Religion and Conflict, By Lee Marsden, and Heather Savigny, London: Ashgate Publishing; Har/Ele edition (October 30, 2009), 184 pages.
Muslims and Media Images: News versus Views, By Ather Farouqui, Oxford University Press, New York: USA (October 11, 2009), 368
Arab News and Conflict: A Multidisciplinary Discourse Study (Discourse Approaches to Politics, Society and Culture),By Samia Bazzi, John Benjamins Pub Co (October 15, 2009), 240 pages.
Terror Post 9/11 and the Media (Global Crises and the Media), By David L. Altheide, Peter Lang Publishing; First printing edition (July 15, 2009), 232 pages.
Al-Ghazali, Averroes and the Interpretation of the Qur'an: Common Sense and Philosophy in Islam (Culture and Civilization in the Middle East), By Avital Wohlman, Routledge; 1 edition (December 25, 2009), 130 pages.
Al- Ghazali's Philosophical Theology, By Frank Griffel, New York: Oxford University Press, USA (May 28, 2009), 424 pages.
The Qur'an in Its Time (So as Middle East Issues), By Werner Daum, Al Saqi (September 24, 2009), 224 pages.
The East-West dichotomy, By Thorsten Pattberg, New York: LoD Press, (August 18, 2009), 276 pages.
Understanding Muslim Identity: Rethinking Fundamentalism, By Gabriele Marranci, Palgrave Macmillan; 1 edition (February 17, 2009), 242 pages.
God's Continent: Christianity, Islam, and Europe's Religious Crisis (The Future of Christianity), By Philip Jenkins, Oxford University Press, USA; Reprint edition (April 6, 2009), 352 pages.
Was Jesus a Muslim?: Questioning Categories in the Study of Religion, By Robert F. Shedinger, Fortress Press (May 1, 2009), 192 pages.
A Deadly Misunderstanding: A Congressman's Quest to Bridge the Muslim-Christian Divide, By Mark D. Siljander, HarperOne; 1 edition, (October 7, 2008), 272 pages.
للحصول على كامل المقالة مجانا يرجى النّقر على ملف ال PDF في اعلى يمين الصفحة.
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Ferrari Wanseele, Janet, and Michael Hviid Jacobsen. "’’I Did It My Way’’? – en sociologisk samtidsdiagnose over den senmoderne/postmoderne død." Dansk Sociologi 20, no. 4 (December 23, 2009): 9–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/dansoc.v20i4.3135.
Full textAbstract:
I denne artikel beskrives de senere års forandringer i dele af den danske døds- og mindekultur med fokus på, hvorledes den enten adskiller sig fra eller mere skal ses som en forlængelse af den i samfundsforskningen ofte fremhævede, fortrængte og tabuiserede dødskultur fra det 20. århundrede. Gennem artiklen diskuterer og illustrerer forfatterne mange af nutidens forandringer gennem en række nedslag i form af et fokus på omsorgen for den døende, individualiseringen af institutionelle og professionelle praksisser, personliggørelsen af ritualer og ceremonier, udfordringen af traditioner og konventioner og den ændrede betydning af kirkegården og mindekulturen. Formålet med artiklen er således at beskrive og dokumentere nogle af de mest centrale ændringer i vores samfunds dødskultur som et spejlbillede på mange af de øvrige samfundsforandringer, der udspiller sig. Derudover ønsker forfatterne at anspore til debat om, hvorvidt den udbredte postmoderniseringstese om valgfrihed, fleksibilitet og individualisering inden for dødsområdet kan underbygges, eller om den skal suppleres med en senmoderniseringstese, der har fokus på institutionel kontrol og inerti.
Søgeord: Senmoderne død, postmoderne død, institutioner, ritualer, mindekultur, professionalisering.
ENGELSK ABSTRACT:
Janet Ferrari Wanseele and Michael Hviid Jacobsen:
”I did It My Way”? – A Sociological Contemporary Diagnosis of Late Modern/Post Modern Death
This article describes some of the major changes taking place in the contemporary culture of death, dying and bereavement in Denmark. It does so by analysing how these may be contrasted with or seen as a continuation of the often advanced thesis of a death-denying and death-taboo culture of the 20th century. The authors illustrate many of the changes through analysis of selected topics such as the care of the dying, the individualization of institutional and professional practice, the personalized content of rituals and ceremonies, the challenge to traditions and conventions and the changing mentality regarding resting place and memorial culture. The purpose of the article is to describe and document some of the major shifts in death and dying as a corollary to contemporary changes within the culture at large. In addition the authors speculate as to whether the current popularity of the thesis of a postmodernization of death and dying can be substantiated or whether it needs to be supplemented by a late modern thesis concerned with institutional control and inertia.
Key words: Late modern death, postmodern death, institutions, rituals, memorial culture, professionalization.
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Fitzgerald, Lene Solli, and Anne Berg. "Spesifikk visuell trening som pedagogisk metode med fokus på øyebevegelser som påvirker barns lesing." Acta Didactica Norge 11, no. 2 (January 2, 2018): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/adno.2860.
Full textAbstract:
Lesing er en komplisert prosess med mange ulike komponenter. Barn er av-hengige av å kunne lese for å fungere godt i hverdagen. Denne studien fokuserer på lesehastighet og øyemotoriske bevegelser hos en gruppe skoleelever på 3. trinn. Målet var å studere om Bal-A-Vis-X (Balance, Auditory and Vision eXercises) kan ha effekt på barnas øyemotorikk og lesehastighet. Måleinstru¬mentene var ReadAlyzer og Nonsensordtest. Intervensjons-/treningsmetoden var Bal-A-Vis-X, der sandsekker og små racketballer ble benyttet. Barna ble plassert i en kontroll- og en eksperimentgruppe. Begge gruppene gjennomførte både pre- og posttest. Eksperimentgruppen trente Bal-A-Vis-X i 30 minutter en gang i uken i fem måneder. Øvelsene krever visuelle følgebevegelser, øye-hånd-koordinering og stødige rytmiske bevegelser basert på både visuelle og auditive signaler som krever presis fysisk teknikk. Resultatene viste at eksperimentgruppens lesehastighet ble endret signifikant på både ReadAlyzers lesetest og Nonsensordtest. Kontrollgruppens lesehastighet endret seg ikke signifikant. Denne studien indikerer at Bal-A-Vis-X kan være et supplement for alle barn i skolen med eller uten lesevansker. Metoden har viktige komponenter som er involvert i lesing, den er gøy og den gir barna mestringsfølelse.Nøkkelord: barn, visuell trening, rytme, lesehastighetAbstractReading is a complicated process with many different components. Children need to read in order to cope in daily life. This study focuses on reading speed and eye tracking for a group of pupils in their third year of primary school. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether Bal-A-Vis-X (Balance, Auditory and Vision eXercises) could be a method to improve children’s eye tracking and reading speed. The design is quasi-experimental where ReadAlyzer Eye Move¬ment Recording System (REM) and parts of a nonsense word test were used. The intervention method was Bal-A-Vis-X, using sandbags and small racket balls. The children were placed in a control and an experimental group. Both groups completed pre- and post-tests. The experimental group trained with Bal-A-Vis-X for 30 minutes once a week for five months. The exercises require visual move¬ments, eye and hand coordination, and steady rhythmical movements, based on both visual and auditory signals that require precise physical technique. The children in the experiment group showed significant improvement in reading speed and reading nonsense words. The control group showed no sig¬nificant improvement. This study indicates that Bal-A-Vis-X can be a supple¬mental method for all children in education with or without reading problems. The method has components important for their reading skills, it is fun, and it gives the sense of achievement of new skills.Keywords: children, visual training, rhythm, reading speed
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Christensen, Rasmus Braad. "Højhuse i Danmark 1950-2010." Kulturstudier 1, no. 1 (November 30, 2010): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/ks.v1i1.3884.
Full textAbstract:
Med udgangspunkt i det moderne højhus' fødsel i det 19. århundredes USA samt fænomenets internationale historie, belyser artiklen højhusets historie og udbredelse i Danmark. Fra velfærdsstatens funktionalistiske boligkolosser i midten af det tyvende århundrede, over 1970'erne og 80'ernes modreaktion og 'småt er godt'-mentalitet til de seneste årtiers individuelle og amerikansk inspirerede<br />prestige-projekter med vartegnsambitioner, sættes den danske udvikling ind i en europæisk kontekst og prioriteret bevidsthedshistorisk forklaringsramme. Siden midten af det tyvende århundrede har erhvervshøjhuse i bycenteret hørt til de mest karakteristiske træk ved storbyers udvikling verden over, men i Danmark er den slags højhuse endnu relativt sjældne. Også i danske byer peger udviklingen i de seneste år dog i retning af flere høje, markante byggerier i eller nær bymidten.<br /><br />Abstract:<br />In recent decades, the distinctive urban setup, with a nucleus dominated by clusters of office towers, has spread to most parts of the world. Economic growth and structural conditions are obviously of fundamental importance for this development, but as the present article shows, the limited construction of such centrally located high-rise buildings in Danish (and European) cities may also be put into a framework of history of consciousness. The first modern skyscrapers were erected in American cities in the late 19th Century, but it was not until the middle of the 20th Century that a related, but dissimilar development gained momentum in Europe and Denmark. In Copenhagen, as well as in other European cities, office towers fitted badly into the the maze of streets in the city centres, and they also conflicted with the laws that restricted building heights. Because of the post-war shortage of housing and the rapid economic growth of the 1950s and -60s, the first high-rise buildings in Denmark were built in the mid-1950s in the form of suburban residential towers. Since then, these pre-fabricated concrete towers have affected the Danish townscape for better and perhaps especially for worse; and this may be one of the reasons why high-rise buildings fell into disrepute in Denmark. At any rate, the first generation of high-rise buildings in this country was mostly suburban, and a child of European modernism and functionalism. Due to a fear of Americanization and the ruining of Copenhagen"s "unique" low skyline, only a few "American" highrise buildings were allowed to be built in Copenhagen"s inner city in this period. From the early 1970s until 1990, practically no high-rise buildings were constructed in Denmark. The building activity was affected by low economic growth; and in addition, the bad experience from the 1950s and -60s influenced the new catchword of the building industry: dense, low. Since the last decade of the 20th Century, however, high-rise buildings have once again become fashionable in Denmark. Not all types of high-rise buildings, though, but characteristic and unique "American" commercial high-rise buildings in or near city centres. This development may be seen not only in Copenhagen, but also in several of the larger provincial towns. Public opposition to these towers is still significant, but as a consequence of increased globalization and the race for attracting multinational companies and the favour of the professions, municipal councils in Denmark are bending over backwards to signal progressiveness and an attractive business environment - for instance by stimulating the<br />construction of office towers.<br />
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Artates, Anne Margaux V., and Melfred L. Hernandez. "Frontolateral Laryngectomy with Imbrication Laryngoplasty for Stage I Glottic Carcinoma." Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 27, no. 1 (June 29, 2012): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32412/pjohns.v27i1.553.
Full textAbstract:
Good prognosis has been associated with early detection of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the larynx. The patient’s choice for any treatment modality depends highly on the cure rate, larynx preservation rate, post-treatment voice quality, morbidity, and treatment cost.1 Regardless of which stage of disease, the choice of treatment centers mainly on the maintenance of quality of life and minimal adverse effects.
CASE REPORT
A 56-year-old male presented with a 9-month history of intermittent hoarseness with occasional low-grade fever. A local private physician diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis and treated him with anti-tuberculosis medications for 6 months. Persistence of hoarseness after treatment prompted consult in our institution where laryngeal videostroboscopy revealed a fleshy, fungating mass occupying the anterior 1/3 of the right true vocal cord extending towards the midline with probable involvement of the contralateral anterior ¼ of the left true vocal cord and full, symmetric mobility of both arytenoids. (Figure 1)
Direct laryngoscopy, tracheoscopy, esophagoscopy and biopsy yielded histopathologic findings consistent with well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Computed tomography revealed an isolated right glottic mass with no radiologic extension to the cricoid, contralateral vocal cord and ipsilateral arytenoid. American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging of the patient at this time was Stage I (TIbN0M0). Options for radiotherapy or conservation laryngectomy (via frontolateral laryngectomy with imbrication laryngoplasty) were presented to the patient, as well as prognosis, and expected outcomes. Having opted for conservation laryngectomy, the patient underwent frontolateral laryngectomy with imbrication laryngoplasty.
At the beginning of the procedure, the larynx was exposed via a 5 centimeter horizontal skin incision and strap muscle retraction. A perichondrial flap was elevated over the right thyroid lamina (Figure 2). A midline laryngotomy allowed direct visualization of the tumor and its location. In this case, an extension of 3 millimeters beyond the midline afforded better exposure. Cartilage and mucosal cuts were mapped and the superior cut was performed at the level of the ventricle. The inferior cut was 1 centimeter from the superior margin, providing an ample margin of resection.
Prior to making the cartilage cuts, a fine cutting burr was used to drill 2 pairs of holes on each cartilage strip of the involved side. The superior cut was made through the ventricle and paraglottic tissues, leaving behind the posterior 1/3 of the right true vocal cord together with the right arytenoid. The specimen included the anterior 2/3 of the right true vocal cord, inferior and superior surfaces, vocalis muscle, and ipsilateral thyroid cartilage strip. Hemostasis was achieved using bipolar cautery (Figure 3). Specimens from the posterior, anterior and inferior margins were sent for final histopathology.
Reconstruction of the remaining hemilarynx comprised 2 steps: first, imbrication of the remaining thyroid cartilage for the cartilaginous framework; and second, development of the superiorly-based vocal fold mucosal flap.
The vocal fold mucosal flap was developed by undermining the mucosa of the remaining false vocal fold from the inner aspect of the superior thyroid cartilage strip. The superior and inferior cartilage strips were then imbricated– whereby both strips were overlapped by placing the superior strip medial to the inferior strip– a technique also known as internal imbrication laryngoplasty. (Figure 4) Two Prolene 2-0 sutures were placed through the predrilled holes to secure the cartilage strips together and the knots were placed externally (Figure 5). Complete closure of the anterior and posterior commissure was accomplished using absorbable Vicryl 5-0 sutures. A tracheotomy was performed in this patient and a nasogastric tube inserted. Estimated blood loss was 100 cc, and the procedure lasted 4 hours and 20 minutes. The nasogastric tube was removed 10 days after the operation and decannulation was achieved 3 weeks after surgery with no complaints of aspiration. (Figure 6). Monthly follow-up for 10 months with indirect laryngoscopy and videostroboscopy has shown no evidence of recurrence in this patient.
DISCUSSION
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma involving one subsite as defined by the TNM staging of the AJCC is managed with a single treatment modality – the choice of treatment is influenced by the associated morbidities.2 Historically, Gordon Buck performed the first reported laryngofissure and local excision of laryngeal cancer in 1851. It was in 1878 that Bilroth introduced transcervical vertical partial laryngectomy and achieved long-term cure for glottic carcinoma.1 Publications by Chawla et al., Ferlito et al. and Har-El et al. enumerate the treatment strategies for stage I and II glottic carcinoma, namely radiation therapy, endoscopic surgery, transoral laser surgery, laryngofissure with cordectomy, and partial laryngectomy, including its modifications and reconstructive options.1,3,4 Silver et al. have claimed that results of laser surgery are equivalent to those obtained with conservation surgery.6
The International Federation of Head and Neck Oncologic Societies (IFHNOS)’ Dr. Randall Webber enumerated four factors promoting renewed interest in organ preservation surgery: cost, functional outcome, lack of demonstrated survival benefit for non-surgical therapy, and improvement of surgical precision and limited access approaches driven by technological advances5. While complete eradicaton of disease has remained the principal goal in oncologic management, the said factors should be taken into consideration prior to initiation of treatment. Depending on the availability of treatment choices, T1/T2 glottic lesions can be managed effectively by a single treatment protocol – via transoral endoscopic surgery or radiotherapy or open-approach conservation laryngectomy. Isolated cases have reported failure of disease control in transoral endoscopic surgery when the anterior commissure is involved. It is in the same light that frontolateral laryngectomy was given as an option in the case presented.
The phonatory and protective functions of the laryngeal complex are achieved by normal or otherwise acceptable apposition of the vocal cords. In the case of a neo-glottis, this is achieved by imbrication laryngoplasty. This technique, as described by Gady and Paniello,3 includes endolaryngeal mucosal reconstruction with a false vocal fold flap that is combined with the medicalization of the thyroid cartilaginous framework. The result is an improved voice quality owing to the vocal fold flap that forms a smaller glottic gap. Furthermore, Paniello et al. 3 were able to measure outcomes in their retrospective study of patients who underwent partial frontolateral laryngectomy with imbrication laryngoplasty (PLIL) by means of monitoring local control rate of the disease, postoperative course, length of treatment, postoperative voice quality, swallowing function and patient satisfaction. Their results revealed that the said technique compare favorably with those treated with radiation therapy and endoscopic surgery. Local control rates reported by Dedivitis et al.7 in 2005 involved a retrospective analysis of 30 patients with the AJCC staging of T1bN0M0 and T2N0M0 from 1995-2002. Twenty five of the said patients showed no evidence of disease during follow-up, while five experienced local recurrence and were subsequently treated with salvage surgery.
Individual discussions on indications and outcomes of each modality for T1/T2 glottic lesions are beyond the scope of this report. However, we encourage that partial frontolateral laryngectomy with imbrication laryngoplasty also be presented as a treatment option for selected early glottis carcinoma cases.
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Greve, Anne. "Vennskap mellom de yngste barna i barnehagen." Tidsskrift for Nordisk barnehageforskning 2, no. 2 (June 6, 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.7577/nbf.348.
Full textAbstract:
Vennskap er både et fenomen og en begrepsmessig konstruksjon, som man kan hevde er problematisk for en utenforstående å observere. Med utgangspunkt i et livsverdensfenomenologisk perspektiv har jeg studert hvordan vennskap mellom små barn kan komme til uttrykk. Artikkelen tar utgangspunkt i min doktorgradsavhandling (Greve, 2007) der jeg har studert vennskap mellom toåringer. Sentrale stikkord her er: Et felles vi, møtet og kommunikasjonen i møtet, å skape mening sammen, og til sist humor. Dernest ønsker jeg å se i hvilken grad de samme uttrykksmåtene kan observeres mellom ettåringer. Dette er en del av min pående Post-doc studie, og må derfor anses å være foreløpige funn. Vennskap er både et fenomen og en begrepsmessig konstruksjon, som man kan hevde er problematisk for en utenforstående å observere. Med utgangspunkt i et livsverdensfenomenologisk perspektiv har jeg studert hvordan vennskap mellom små barn kan komme til uttrykk. Artikkelen tar utgangspunkt i min doktorgradsavhandling (Greve, 2007) der jeg har studert vennskap mellom toåringer. Sentrale stikkord her er: Et felles vi, møtet og kommunikasjonen i møtet, å skape mening sammen, og til sist humor. Dernest ønsker jeg å se i hvilken grad de samme uttrykksmåtene kan observeres mellom ettåringer. Dette er en del av min pående Post-doc studie, og må derfor anses å være foreløpige funn.
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Lüders Kaalund, Nanna Katrine. "Mellem (post)kolonialitet og videnskab: Hinrich Rinks forskningsnetværk i Grønland og idéen om en international arktisk forskningshub." Økonomi & Politik 94, no. 2 (June 21, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/okonomiogpolitik.v94i2.127554.
Full textAbstract:
Etableringen af »International Arktisk Hub« (IAH) i 2018 markerede et markant øjeblik for både forskningen i Arktis og for forholdet mellem Danmark og Grønland. IAH er et nyt og vigtigt forskningscenter og netværk dannet i samarbejde mellem de danske og grønlandske regeringer, og dens etablering giver en rettidig lejlighed til at undersøge forholdet mellem forskningspolitik og geopolitik i den postkoloniale sammenhæng. Omkring 140 år tidligere udgav et andet netværk dedikeret til international forskning i Arktis det første bind af deres tidsskrift, Meddelelser om Grønland. På trods af den store tidsforskel,er der flere centrale ligheder mellem de to projekter. Med et udgangspunkt i dannelsen af Meddelelser om Grønland i 1879 undersøger denne artikel det historiske forhold mellem Arktisforskning og de (post-)koloniale forsøg på at etablere national og territorial kontrol over Grønland. Dette udspilles i en international videnskabelig scene, der har været formet af epistemologisk vold. På denne baggrund undersøger denne artikel, hvordan Arktisforskning både har formet og været påvirket af de historiske spændinger mellem internationalisme og nationalisme i den koloniale og postkoloniale sammenhæng.
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Tidigs, Julia. "Språk i rörelse." AVAIN - Kirjallisuudentutkimuksen aikakauslehti, no. 2 (October 1, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.30665/av.66016.
Full textAbstract:
Languages in Motion. Multilingualism and Urban Spaces in Sara Razai’s Jag har letat efter dig and Johanna Holmström’s Asfaltsänglar
e article is a study of multilingualism, urban space and mobility/immobility in two Finland- Swedish novels, Sara Razai’s Jag har letat efter dig (”I Have Been Searching for You”, 2012) and Johanna Holmström’s Asfaltsänglar (”Asphalt Angels”, 2013) through perspectives of post-mono- lingualism (Yildiz) and literary urban studies. In Razai’s novel, a Finland-Swedish woman and a refugee forge a relationship in broken Finnish, disrupting the link between mother tongue and language of a ections. In an analogous relationship to the depiction of movement (cold) and keeping still in con ned spaces (warmth, safety), Finnish becomes a small space for the lovers to connect. In Holmström’s novel, room for manoeuvre is restricted by gender and ethnicity, although the main characters manage the tension between suburb and city center in di erent ways. In Asfaltsänglar, Arabic is a sign of parental power and rules, but the language is also associated with a white Finland-Swedish woman, a convert, the girls’ mother. ere is a discrepancy between Arabic’s function in the novel – as a local language – and how it is marked for the reader – as foreign. Trilingual Helsinki slang, on the other hand, becomes a hybrid marker of the Suburb as Heimat. Both novels renew the Finland-Swedish urban prose tradition by bringing in new languages and new kinds of language, and by associating these varieties with di erent kinds of characters.
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Fekjær, Hans Olav. "Hvor mange alkoholikere har vi? Alkoholproblemer i Oslos befolkning." Norsk Epidemiologi 6, no. 1 (October 14, 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.5324/nje.v6i1.271.
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<strong><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;"><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;"><p align="left"> </p></span></span><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">SAMMENDRAG</span></span></strong><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><p align="left">I de siste tiårene har bekymringen for alkoholproblemer vært knyttet til begreper som "alkoholiker" eller "de som</p><p align="left">har alkoholproblemer". Begrepene impliserer at de fleste problemene er langvarige tilstander hos en avgrenset,</p><p align="left">behandlingstrengende gruppe. Den foreliggende undersøkelsen var lagt opp som en post-enquete. Skjemaene ble</p><p align="left">sendt til et representativt utvalg Oslo-borgere i alderen 18-59 år. En mottok 2051 skjemaer og oppnådde en svarprosent</p><p align="left">på 77. Respondentene ble spurt om de hadde opplevet 8 typer skadevirkninger knyttet til sin alkoholbruk.</p><p align="left">Avhengig av antall skadevirkninger ble personens alkoholproblemer definert som moderate, betydelige eller store.</p><p align="left">Hvis "alkoholisme" defineres som å ha opplevet et visst antall av de 8 problemene, varierer antall "alkoholikere"</p><p align="left">dramatisk avhengig av antall skadevirkninger som kreves: Hvis det kreves 7 problemer, er færre enn 1% av denne</p><p align="left">befolkningen alkoholikere. Hvis det kreves 3 problemer er 21% alkoholikere. Hyppigheten av alkoholproblemer</p><p align="left">reduseres gradvis med økende alder, fra 29% mellom 18 og 25 års alder til 8% mellom 45 og 60 år. De aller fleste</p><p align="left">alkoholproblemer er ikke knyttet til daglig drikking eller til et svært høyt forbruk pr. år. De fleste som noen gang</p><p align="left">har opplevet betydelige eller store problemer synes å "modne ut" av problemdrikking uten å stoppe å drikke og</p><p align="left">uten noen form for behandling. De fleste som har betydelige eller store problemer har ikke ønsket å kutte sin</p><p align="left">alkoholbruk ut eller sterkt ned. Blant dem som har ønsket det, har over 90% klart det helt eller delvis. Undersøkelsen</p><p align="left">bekrefter tidligere befolkningsstudier som indikerer at de fleste alkoholproblemer er spredt blant en stor</p><p align="left">andel av den yngre mannlige befolkningen som stort sett synes å ha kontroll over sin alkoholbruk, ikke kan kalles</p><p align="left">avhengige og ikke kommer til alkoholistbehandling. Artikkelen drøfter hvilke konsekvenser dette har for</p><p align="left">samfunnets strev for å redusere problemene.</p><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><p align="left">Fekjær HO.</p></span></span></span><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><p align="left"> </p></span></span><p align="left"><strong><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">How many alcoholics do we have? Alcohol problems in the population of Oslo.</span></span></strong><em><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;"><em><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;"><p align="left">Nor J Epidemiol</p></span></span></em></span><em><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;"><p align="left"> </p></span></em></span><strong><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">ENGLISH SUMMARY</span></span></strong><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><p align="left">For the last decades, the concern for alcohol problems has been associated with the words "alcoholism" or</p><p align="left">"alcohol dependence", implying that most problems are long-lasting conditions within a delimited group in need</p><p align="left">of treatment. The present study used a mail questionnaire sent to a representative sample of Oslo's population in</p><p align="left">the age group 18-59 years. With a respondent rate of 77 percent, 2051 questionnaires were returned. The respondents</p><p align="left">were asked whether they had experienced 8 types of problems related to their alcohol use. Depending on the</p><p align="left">number of problems, the individual's alcohol problems were defined as moderate, substantial or major. If</p><p align="left">"alcoholism" is defined as having experienced a certain number of the 8 problems, the number of "alcoholics"</p><p align="left">varies dramatically with the number of problems required: If 7 problems are required, less than 1% of this population</p><p align="left">are alcoholics. If 3 problems are needed, 21% are alcoholics. The frequency of alcohol problems gradually</p><p align="left">decreases with increasing age, ranging from 29% between 18 and 25 years of age to 8% between 45 and 60 years.</p><p align="left">The vast majority of alcohol problems are not related to daily drinking or to a very high level of consumption per</p><p align="left">year. Most people who have experienced substantial or major problems during their lifetime seem to "mature out"</p><p align="left">of problem drinking without ceasing drinking and without any kind of treatment. The majority with substantial or</p><p align="left">major problems have not wanted to drastically reduce their consumption. Among those having wanted to do so,</p><p align="left">more than 90% have succeeded completely or partially. This study confirms earlier population studies which</p><p align="left">indicate that most alcohol problems are scattered within a large proportion of the younger male population, most</p><p align="left">of whom seem to be in control of their drinking habits, cannot be labelled dependent and do not seek alcoholism</p><p>treatment. The implications for society's struggle to reduce alcohol problems are discussed.</p></span></span></em><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">1996; </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">6 </span></span></strong><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">(1): 23-28.</span></span></p>