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Journal articles on the topic 'Post-hoc global method'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Zhang, Xiaopu, Wubing Miao, and Guodong Liu. "Explainable Data Mining Framework of Identifying Root Causes of Rocket Engine Anomalies Based on Knowledge and Physics-Informed Feature Selection." Machines 13, no. 8 (2025): 640. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines13080640.

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Liquid rocket engines occasionally experience abnormal phenomena with unclear mechanisms, causing difficulty in design improvements. To address the above issue, a data mining method that combines ante hoc explainability, post hoc explainability, and prediction accuracy is proposed. For ante hoc explainability, a feature selection method driven by data, models, and domain knowledge is established. Global sensitivity analysis of a physical model combined with expert knowledge and data correlation is utilized to establish the correlations between different types of parameters. Then a two-stage op

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Prinzi, Francesco, Carmelo Militello, Calogero Zarcaro, Tommaso Vincenzo Bartolotta, Salvatore Gaglio, and Salvatore Vitabile. "Rad4XCNN: A new agnostic method for post-hoc global explanation of CNN-derived features by means of Radiomics." Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine 260 (March 2025): 108576. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2024.108576.

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Zdravkovic, Milan. "On the global feature importance for interpretable and trustworthy heat demand forecasting." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2025): 48. https://doi.org/10.2298/tsci241223048z.

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The paper introduces the Explainable AI methodology to assess the global feature importance of the Machine Learning models used for heat demand forecasting in intelligent control of District Heating Systems (DHS), with motivation to facilitate their interpretability and trustworthiness, hence addressin g the challenges related to adherence to communal standards, customer satisfaction and liability risks. Methodology involves generation of global feature importance insights by using four different approaches, namely intrinsic (ante-hoc) interpretability of Gradient Boosting method and selected

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Mikołajczyk, Agnieszka, Michał Grochowski, and Arkadiusz Kwasigroch. "Towards Explainable Classifiers Using the Counterfactual Approach - Global Explanations for Discovering Bias in Data." Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research 11, no. 1 (2021): 51–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jaiscr-2021-0004.

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AbstractThe paper proposes summarized attribution-based post-hoc explanations for the detection and identification of bias in data. A global explanation is proposed, and a step-by-step framework on how to detect and test bias is introduced. Since removing unwanted bias is often a complicated and tremendous task, it is automatically inserted, instead. Then, the bias is evaluated with the proposed counterfactual approach. The obtained results are validated on a sample skin lesion dataset. Using the proposed method, a number of possible bias-causing artifacts are successfully identified and confi

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Joaquín, Clara, Nuria Alonso, Josep Lupón, et al. "Nutritional Status According to the GLIM Criteria in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure: Association with Prognosis." Nutrients 14, no. 11 (2022): 2244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14112244.

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Background: The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria were recently proposed to build a global consensus on the diagnostic criteria for malnutrition. This study aimed to evaluate the GLIM criteria for its prognostic significance in outpatients with heart failure (HF), and to compare them to a previous validated method, such as the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Methods: This was a post hoc observational analysis of a prospectively recruited cohort, which included 151 subjects that attended an outpatient HF clinic. At baseline, all patients completed the nutritional s

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Huang, Jin, Feiping Nie, and Heng Huang. "Robust Discrete Matrix Completion." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 27, no. 1 (2013): 424–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v27i1.8675.

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Most existing matrix completion methods seek the matrix global structure in the real number domain and produce predictions that are inappropriate for applications retaining discrete structure, where an additional step is required to post-process prediction results with either heuristic threshold parameters or complicated mappings. Such an ad-hoc process is inefficient and impractical. In this paper, we propose a novel robust discrete matrix completion algorithm that produces the prediction from the collection of user specified discrete values by introducing a new discrete constraint to the mat

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Xing, Na, Ye Zhang, Yuehai Wang, and Yang Zhou. "Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Cooperative Data Dissemination Based on Graph Neural Networks." Sensors 24, no. 3 (2024): 887. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24030887.

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Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have critical applications in various real-world scenarios, including mapping unknown environments, military reconnaissance, and post-disaster search and rescue. In these scenarios where communication infrastructure is missing, UAVs will form an ad hoc network and perform tasks in a distributed manner. To efficiently carry out tasks, each UAV must acquire and share global status information and data from neighbors. Meanwhile, UAVs frequently operate in extreme conditions, including storms, lightning, and mountainous areas, which significantly degrade the quality

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Sa'adah, Ajeng Samrotu, Diana Chusna Mufida, Dini Agustina, and Pulong Wijang Pralampita. "Effect of Immunization of The Pili Protein 65.5 kDa Klebsiella pneumoniae on IFN-Î³ Levels of Spleen BALB/c Mice." Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease 12, no. 2 (2024): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijtid.v12i2.54026.

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Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative bacterium that poses a threat to the global community. Currently, no vaccine for K. pneumoniae is licensed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The delay in the manufacture of the K. pneumoniae vaccine was because many vaccine candidates failed at the clinical trial stage due to adverse cross-reactions. Pili can be used as a choice as a vaccine candidate. Pili K. pneumoniae is an immunogenic substance that triggers an immune response, one of which is the cytokine IFN-Î³. Splenic splenocytes are the main source of IFN-Î³-producing cells. The aim of

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Adawiyah, Rabiatul, Tri Setyawati, Rahma Badaruddin, and Listawati. "Hypoglychemic activity of Moringa oleifera extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats." Acta Biochimica Indonesiana 7, no. 1 (2024): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.32889/actabioina.130.

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Background: Diabetes mellitus, particularly Type 2 (T2DM), is a global health concern characterized by high blood glucose levels and insulin resistance. Objective: This study aims to explore the hypoglycemic potential of M. oleifera, a plant that thrives in Central Sulawesi, using a rat model of T2DM. Method: Healthy male Wistar rats (weight 200-300 g, aged 9-11 weeks) were used in the experiment. The rats were divided into five groups: normal control (healthy), negative control (diabetic without treatment), positive control (diabetic treated with 9 mg/200 g metformin), treatment 1 (diabetic t

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Urbánová, Mária, Jana Kozáková, and Silvia Klátiková. "How do Slovak Women Perceive Their Opportunities on the Global Labor Market? Generational study." SHS Web of Conferences 92 (2021): 07064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219207064.

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Research background: Despite European labor market offers wider opportunities of employment also for Slovak women, it is characterized by notable gender disparities too. Except for the 12% employment gap, the 16% wage gap still occurs. Study examines generational differences in attitudes of Slovak woman according to their opportunities on the global labor market with the respect of fact that, women’s own views on the need for such activities differ across generations. Purpose of the article: The aim is to point out that views of Slovak women on their opportunities at the global labor market is

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Tondel, Martin, Tobias Nordquist, Mats Isaksson, Christopher Rääf, and Robert Wålinder. "Dose–response analysis of protracted absorbed organ dose and site-specific cancer incidence in Sweden after the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident." Environmental Epidemiology 7, no. 6 (2023): e277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ee9.0000000000000277.

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Background: Adult males in Sweden exhibit an increased risk of cancer associated with an increased absorbed dose to the colon from the Chernobyl accident. Methods: A closed cohort, with information on hunter status, included all individuals living in northern Sweden in 1986. Complete annual information on exposure to 137Cs at the dwelling coordinate was available for a total of 2,104,101 individuals. A nested case-control method with four controls matched for year of cancer diagnosis and year of birth, was used. Individual absorbed organ doses were calculated between 1986 and 2020 including ex

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Alangari, Nourah, Mohamed El Bachir Menai, Hassan Mathkour, and Ibrahim Almosallam. "Intrinsically Interpretable Gaussian Mixture Model." Information 14, no. 3 (2023): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info14030164.

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Understanding the reasoning behind a predictive model’s decision is an important and longstanding problem driven by ethical and legal considerations. Most recent research has focused on the interpretability of supervised models, whereas unsupervised learning has received less attention. However, the majority of the focus was on interpreting the whole model in a manner that undermined accuracy or model assumptions, while local interpretation received much less attention. Therefore, we propose an intrinsic interpretation for the Gaussian mixture model that provides both global insight and local

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Reijnen, Michel M. P. J., Iris van Wijck, Thomas Zeller, et al. "Outcomes After Drug-Coated Balloon Treatment of Femoropopliteal Lesions in Patients With Critical Limb Ischemia: A Post Hoc Analysis From the IN.PACT Global Study." Journal of Endovascular Therapy 26, no. 3 (2019): 305–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1526602819839044.

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Purpose: To report a post hoc analysis performed to evaluate 1-year safety and efficacy of the IN.PACT Admiral drug-coated balloon (DCB) for the treatment of femoropopliteal lesions in subjects with critical limb ischemia (CLI) enrolled in the IN.PACT Global study ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01609296). Materials and Methods: Of 1535 subjects enrolled in the study, 156 participants (mean age 71.8±10.4; 87 men) with CLI (Rutherford categories 4,5) were treated with DCB angioplasty in 194 femoropopliteal lesions. This cohort was compared to the 1246 subjects (mean age 68.2±10.0 years; 864

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Abdillah, Indah Rahma, Fretty Novelyna Ramadhani, Nur Aida Rahmasari, Shindi Shella May Wara, and Aviolla Terza Damaliana. "Analisis Perbandingan Kasus COVID-19 di Indonesia Tahun 2020 dan 2021 Menggunakan Uji Repeated Measure MANOVA." Jurnal Eksbar 2, no. 1 (2025): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.29408/eksbar.v2i1.29917.

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The COVID-19 pandemic, which began in late 2019, has had a significant impact on global health. This study aims to analyze the differences in the number of COVID-19 cases in Indonesia between 2020 and 2021, considering the influence of new variants that emerged in 2021. The data was obtained from Google Looker Studio and analyzed using the Repeated Measures Multivariate Analysis of Variance (RM MANOVA) method, which tested the differences between the two years based on three variables (Active Cases, Total Recovered, and Total Deaths). The RM MANOVA results showed a significant difference betwe

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Kuryło, Katarzyna, and Łukasz Smaga. "Functional repeated measures analysis of variance and its application." Statistics in Transition new series 25, no. 2 (2024): 185–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.59170/stattrans-2024-021.

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This paper is inspired by medical studies in which the same patients with multiple sclerosis are examined at several successive visits (doctor’s appointments) and described by fractional anisotropy tract profiles, which can be represented as f unctions. Since the observations for each patient are dependent random processes, they follow a repeated measures design for functional data. To compare the results for different visits, we thus consider functional repeated measures analysis of variance. For this purpose, a pointwise test statistic is constructed by adapting the classical test statistic

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Chohan, Ambreen, Simon Abram, Amy Parkes, Lauren Haworth, and Justine C. Whitaker. "Examination of a new mobile intermittent pneumatic compression device in healthy adults." Journal of Wound Care 29, no. 6 (2020): 370–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/jowc.2020.29.6.370.

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Objective: Intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) is an alternative method of compression treatment designed to compress the leg and mimic ambulatory pump action to actively promote venous return. This study explores the efficacy of a new portable IPC device on tissue oxygenation (StO2) in two sitting positions. Method: In this quantitative, healthy single cohort study, participants were screened and recruited using Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q, Canada). Participants attended two separate one-hour sessions to evaluate StO2 in an upright chair-sitting position and in a lon

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McGrath, Timothy, and Leia Stirling. "Body-Worn IMU Human Skeletal Pose Estimation Using a Factor Graph-Based Optimization Framework." Sensors 20, no. 23 (2020): 6887. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20236887.

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Traditionally, inertial measurement units- (IMU) based human joint angle estimation requires a priori knowledge about sensor alignment or specific calibration motions. Furthermore, magnetometer measurements can become unreliable indoors. Without magnetometers, however, IMUs lack a heading reference, which leads to unobservability issues. This paper proposes a magnetometer-free estimation method, which provides desirable observability qualities under joint kinematics that sufficiently excite the lower body degrees of freedom. The proposed lower body model expands on the current self-calibrating

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Lázaro-Martínez, José Luis, Michael Edmonds, Gerry Rayman, et al. "Optimal wound closure of diabetic foot ulcers with early initiation of TLC-NOSF treatment: post-hoc analysis of Explorer." Journal of Wound Care 28, no. 6 (2019): 358–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/jowc.2019.28.6.358.

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Objective: In March 2018, the Explorer study, an international, double-blind, randomised controlled trial (RCT), established that adding a TLC-NOSF (UrgoStart Contact, Laboratoires Urgo, France) dressing to good local standard of care (SoC) significantly and substantially increases wound closure and reduces the healing time of neuroischaemic diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). Besides the TLC-NOSF treatment, the wound duration was the only other covariate that had an influence on the wound closure rate in the regression model used in the original study. The purpose of this work was to further document

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Norris, Joel R., and Amato T. Evan. "Empirical Removal of Artifacts from the ISCCP and PATMOS-x Satellite Cloud Records." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 32, no. 4 (2015): 691–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-14-00058.1.

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AbstractThe International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) dataset and the Pathfinder Atmospheres–Extended (PATMOS-x) dataset are two commonly used multidecadal satellite cloud records. Because they are constructed from weather satellite measurements lacking long-term stability, ISCCP and PATMOS-x suffer from artifacts that inhibit their use for investigating cloud changes over recent decades. The present study describes and applies a post hoc method to empirically remove spurious variability from anomalies in total cloud fraction at each grid box. Spurious variability removed inclu

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Hengartner, Michael P., Silvia Passalacqua, Andreas Andreae, Wulf Rössler, and Agnes von Wyl. "The role of perceived social support after psychiatric hospitalisation: Post hoc analysis of a randomised controlled trial testing the effectiveness of a transitional intervention." International Journal of Social Psychiatry 63, no. 4 (2017): 297–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020764017700664.

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Background: The association between social support, readmissions and psychopathology following discharge from psychiatric hospitals is not clear. Aims: To examine the prospective effects of perceived social support on rehospitalisation rates and psychopathology and to focus on the moderators of a transitional intervention. Method: This post hoc analysis of a multisite randomised controlled trial included 151 patients with no more than three hospitalisations within the last 3 years, a Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) score ≤60 and aged 18–64 years, assessed at two psychiatric hospitals fr

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Abdulghani, Mustafa N., and Eanas I. Jellil. "Effectiveness of Using Analytical Grading Method for Crown Preparation Performed by Dental Students - An In-Vitro Study." Indian Journal of Dental Research 35, no. 4 (2024): 438–42. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_308_24.

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Introduction: Tooth preparations have traditionally been graded using a visual system that either subjectively assigns a single mark (global grading) or objectively divides the grade into several smaller categories. (analytical grading using rubrics). The objective of this study is to determine how effectively rubrics work for evaluating dental students’ performance in crown preparation. Material and Methods: In this double-blind study, 89 fourth-year dental students and three senior faculty members with master’s degrees in operative dental sciences participated. To create a metal-ceramic crow

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Afrasiabi, Shima, Steven Parker, and Nasim Chiniforush. "Synergistic Antimicrobial Effect of Photodynamic Inactivation and SWEEPS in Combined Treatment against Enterococcus faecalis in a Root Canal Biofilm Model: An In Vitro Study." Applied Sciences 13, no. 9 (2023): 5668. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13095668.

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Background: Persistent bacterial infections caused by biofilm-associated Enterococcus faecalis are a global public health concern. This study aims to compare the biofilm removal effects of methylene blue (MB) or hydrogen peroxide (HP) mediated photodynamic inactivation (PDI) with a shock wave enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS) method laser irradiation enhanced bactericidal activity. Methods: A total of fifty extracted single-rooted human teeth were used. Each canal was then inoculated with a bacterial suspension of E. faecalis and left for ten days to induce biofilm formation.

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Laqua, Annika, Jan Schnee, Jo Pletinckx, and Martin Meywerk. "Exploring User Experience in Sustainable Transport with Explainable AI Methods Applied to E-Bikes." Applied Sciences 13, no. 20 (2023): 11277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app132011277.

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Sustainable modes of transport are being promoted to achieve global climate goals. The perceived user experience is decisive for the choice of transport mode. To increase the share of sustainable transport in total traffic, the user experience is placed into the spotlight, raising the need for appropriate exploration methods. Machine learning (ML) techniques have become increasingly popular in the transport domain, but the black-box nature of ML models poses significant challenges in interpreting the relationship between model input and output. Explainable AI methods (XAI) can fill this gap by

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Karr, Justin E., Michelle Y. Kibby, Audreyana C. Jagger-Rickels, and Mauricio A. Garcia-Barrera. "Sensitivity and Specificity of an Executive Function Screener at Identifying Children With ADHD and Reading Disability." Journal of Attention Disorders 25, no. 1 (2018): 134–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054718763878.

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Objective: This study evaluated the sensitivity/specificity of a global sum score (GSS) from the Behavior Assessment System for Children, Second Edition, Executive Function screener (BASC-2-EF) at classifying children with/without ADHD and/or reading disability (RD). Method: The BASC-2 Teacher/Parent Rating Scales (TRS/PRS) were completed for children (8-12 years old; 43.1% female) with no diagnosis ( n = 53), RD ( n = 34), ADHD ( n = 85), co-morbid RD/ADHD ( n = 36), and other diagnoses ( n = 15). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses evaluated the sensitivity/specificity of

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Mather, L. E., and H. Owen. "The Scientific Basis of Patient-Controlled Analgesia." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 16, no. 4 (1988): 427–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x8801600408.

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The current practice of patient-controlled analgesia has grown from empirical observations. Although several variants of patient-controlled analgesia, bolus doses, infusions, or combinations of both, have been suggested, a scientific basis for advocating one variant over the others has been lacking. Most systems have been based on the simplest system, bolus demand, although the use of a combined bolus and background infusion method has theoretical merit. Similarly, a scientific basis for setting the variables of patient-controlled analgesia, drug choice, incremental dose, maximum dose and lock

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Lee, *Jonghun, and Yun Woo An. "COVID-19'S IMPACT ON QUALITY OF LIFE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DAEGU CITIZENS WITH AND WITHOUT SUICIDAL IDEATION." International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 28, Supplement_1 (2025): i131—i132. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyae059.227.

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Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has exerted a profound influence on the quality of life (QoL) of individuals worldwide. Daegu, a major city in South Korea, faced significant public health challenges during this period. Aims & Objectives Aims of this study were to explore the changes in QoL among Daegu citizens over three pivotal years: 2018 (pre-pandemic phase), 2020 (pandemic phase), and 2022 (post-peak phase), focusing on differences between those with and without suicidal ideation. Method Daegu citizens were enrolled annually in 2018, 2020, and 2022 (N=709, 1158, 898, respecti

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M, Selvaganapathy, N. Nishavithri, P. Prabakaran, and G. Manikannan. "MANET Based Emergency Communication System Design During Disaster and Post Disaster." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (2022): 17411–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.17411ecst.

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In the event of a natural disaster most of the communication networks become unavailable either because of damages sustained to the infrastructure such as antennas and other communication devices or because of power failure. During these times, communication plays a vital role in keeping the people informed about post disaster effects in the affected areas. There are two aspects in this circumstance. One is to immediately locate the affected persons and provide emergency assistance. The other is to offer calamity release during and after the disaster. The conventional method of establishing co

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Coldea, Andrea, John Meinen, Moritz Hoffmann, Adham Elsayed, and Bogna Stawarczyk. "Shrinkage Behavior of Strength-Gradient Multilayered Zirconia Materials." Materials 18, no. 14 (2025): 3217. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18143217.

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To investigate the sintering shrinkage behavior of multigeneration, multilayer zirconia materials using geometrical measurements. Seven zirconia CAD/CAM materials were analyzed, comprising two mono-generation zirconia (HTML: Katana Zr, HTML Plus, 3Y-TZP; UTML: Katana Zr, UTML, 5Y-TZP) and five strength-gradient multilayer zirconia (AIDI: optimill 3D PRO Zir; PRIT: Priti multidisc ZrO2 multicolor; UPCE: Explore Esthetic; ZCPC: IPS e.max ZirCAD Prime; ZYML: Katana YML) materials. Cubes (10 × 10 × 10 mm3) were milled in varying positions within the disks. Geometrical measurements were applied bef

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Mahdi, LM Fachry Ramadhani, Alfian Nur Prastyo, and Arya Adiningrat. "ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECTIVENESS OF CALCIUM HYDROXIDE, PROPOLIS, AND THEIR COMBINATION ON THE GROWTH OF Streptococcus mutans." Dentino: Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi 10, no. 1 (2025): 64. https://doi.org/10.20527/dentino.v10i1.22206.

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Background: Dental caries is a global oral health issue associated with the dominance of Streptococcus mutans in dental plaque. Calcium hydroxide is a commonly used dental material; however, there are increasing concerns regarding its adhesion and dissolution issues. Propolis, a natural compound with antimicrobial properties, promotes fibroblast proliferation, releases antioxidants, and reduces oxidative stress when combined with calcium hydroxide. This combination shows potential for enhancing antibacterial efficacy and pulp preservation in restorative dentistry. Purpose: This study aims to e

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Seow, Dennis, and Serge Gauthier. "Pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer Disease." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 52, no. 10 (2007): 620–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370705201003.

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Objective: To systematically review published clinical trials of the pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer disease (AD). Method: We searched MEDLINE for published English-language medical literature, using Alzheimer disease and treatment as key words. No other search engine was used. Our review focused on randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and corresponding metaanalyses. Results: Although there are many RCTs for the treatment of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), none have been successful in their primary analysis. The cholinesterase inhibitors donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine have demonstrated ef

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Takahashi, Masato, Kenichi Inoue, Hirofumi Mukai, et al. "Indices of peripheral leukocytes predict longer overall survival in breast cancer patients on eribulin in Japan." Breast Cancer 28, no. 4 (2021): 945–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12282-021-01232-1.

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Abstract Background It was reported that eribulin regulates the tumor microenvironment, including the immune system, by inducing vascular remodeling. Lymphocyte counts are a critical index of immune response in patients. The non-Asian, global EMBRACE study has suggested that baseline absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) may be a predictor of the survival benefit of eribulin in breast cancer patients. We examined whether the baseline ALC is a potential predictor of overall survival (OS) in Japanese patients with HER2-negative advanced breast cancer treated with eribulin. Methods This was a post hoc

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Pai, Vaibhav, and Shalini Chandra. "Exploring Factors Influencing Organizational Adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Initiatives." Pacific Asia Journal of the Association for Information Systems 14 (January 2022): 82–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.17705/1pais.14504.

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Background: Globalization has resulted in social, economic, political, commercial, and technological integration. A social problem needs a global collaborative view to find a solution. Wide-ranging partnerships are essential to achieve developmental goals, with public and private partners pooling their resources and competencies. The private sector contributes by engaging in corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives. These initiatives can significantly impact by leveraging emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI). While many support AI, some believe that AI is a threa

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Paguinto, Krisca Mae A., Ziryl F. Rosarito, Ma Theresa L. Lamanilao, Allyssa Marey R. Salvador, and Rovena Dellova. "Reviews of Flight Attendants towards the Tourism Program: Case of the Lyceum of the Philippines University." International Journal of Applied Research in Tourism and Hospitality 1, no. 2 (2023): 169–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.52352/ijarthy.v1i2.911.

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This study looked into the recommendations and views of Filipino flight attendants on the level of importance of the courses, their training experiences, and recommendations that serve as a window to consider the improvement of the tourism program. This descriptive study utilized a post-hoc analysis of version 2.0 with 72 respondents currently or formerly employed as flight attendants. They constitute 50% of the population proportion of 140 identified Filipino flight attendants from different airlines, both international and local, having 11.50% precision at a .05 significance level. A purposi

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Taylor, P. C., Y. Tanaka, E. Aiello, et al. "POS0843 DISTINCT TREATMENT RESPONSES IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS RECEIVING FILGOTINIB 200 MG OVER 12 MONTHS: A POST HOC ANALYSIS OF FINCH 1." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (2023): 720–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.1318.

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BackgroundFINCH 1 (NCT02889796) was a Phase 3 randomized controlled trial evaluating filgotinib (FIL) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and an inadequate response to methotrexate (MTX).[1]Patients received background MTX and were randomized 3:3:2:3 to FIL 200 mg (FIL200), FIL 100 mg, adalimumab or placebo.ObjectivesTo identify patterns of response trajectory over 12 months in patients from FINCH 1 receiving FIL200.MethodsGroup-based trajectory modeling is a statistical method which groups individuals based on similar patterns of change in an outcome over time.[2]A group-based trajectory mo

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Peters, Kristian, Gerd Balcke, Niklas Kleinenkuhnen, Hendrik Treutler, and Steffen Neumann. "Untargeted In Silico Compound Classification—A Novel Metabolomics Method to Assess the Chemodiversity in Bryophytes." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 6 (2021): 3251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22063251.

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In plant ecology, biochemical analyses of bryophytes and vascular plants are often conducted on dried herbarium specimen as species typically grow in distant and inaccessible locations. Here, we present an automated in silico compound classification framework to annotate metabolites using an untargeted data independent acquisition (DIA)–LC/MS–QToF-sequential windowed acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion mass spectra (SWATH) ecometabolomics analytical method. We perform a comparative investigation of the chemical diversity at the global level and the composition of metabolite families in

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Sulistyaningrum, Hersanti, and Addina Rizky Fitriyanti. "Kadar Hb dan Perubahan Berat Badan Tikus Wistar Model Anemia Defisiensi Besi Setelah Pemberian Minyak Ikan Patin." Jurnal Gizi 11, no. 2 (2022): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/jg.11.2.2022.77-84.

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Anemia is a health problem with little progress in its management, even thoughthe global prevalence of anemia is relatively high. Anemia due to iron deficiency affectsweight gain in children. Giving catfish oil to anemic rats was done to see the effect onHb levels and body weight.This research is a true experiment with a randomized pre-post-test design witha control group. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups, namely K- (rats fedstandard), K+ (rats fed standard without iron), P1 (rats fed standard without iron,getting catfish oil 0.039 ml/day), P2 (rats fed standard without iron, sup

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Anwar, Chairil, Febriyanto Febriyanto, and Dalilah Dalilah. "Papaya Leaf (Carica papaya L.) Active Fraction Effective as Bioinsectiside Against Anopheles species (Diptera: Culicidae) Larva Invitro Study." Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research 2, no. 1 (2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.32539/bsm.v2i1.15.

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ABSTRACT  Malaria is one of the spread-disease that become a global public health problem included Indonesia. One of the controlling approach of vector-borne disease is by avoiding direct contact of human and mosquitoes. Natural insecticide is an alternative method that can be used. Carica papaya L. is one of the natural insecticide because contains of alkaloid, flavonoid and saponin. This research was aimed to determine the activity of active fraction. was a quasi-experiment research with post test only group design. This research was conducted in April â€“ June 2017. Extraction a

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Cadena-Nogales, Pedro Daniel, José Javier Verdugo-Perona, Joan Josep Solaz-Portolés, and Vicente Sanjosé. "Relationships Between Preservice Teachers’ Interest, Perceived Knowledge, and Argumentation in Socioscientific Issues: Implications for Teaching About the Complexity of Sustainability Challenges." Sustainability 17, no. 9 (2025): 3860. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17093860.

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Socioscientific issues are a key aspect of science education, enhancing citizens’ understanding of the intricate relationships among global concerns and fostering their engagement in informed decision making on these problems. To this end, teachers must be able to establish connections between scientific content, its application in everyday life, and its impact on social, economic, and environmental dimensions. This study analyzes the factors that influence teachers’ ability to address these topics in the classroom. It includes two studies. The first study (n = 213) examines prospective scienc

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Eko Prasetyo, Nofryanti, and Holiawati. "COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FINANCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE: INDONESIAN AND SINGAPOREAN E-COMMERCE COMPANIES." International Journal of Accounting, Management, Economics and Social Sciences (IJAMESC) 3, no. 3 (2025): 830–39. https://doi.org/10.61990/ijamesc.v3i3.504.

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This study aims to analyze and compare the financial performance and environmental performance between local Indonesian e-commerce companies and foreign companies from Singapore operating in Indonesia. This study uses a mixed method, namely a quantitative approach with statistical analysis in the form of ANOVA One-Way test and Post Hoc Test on financial ratios (liquidity, profitability, solvency, and activity) as well as a qualitative approach through the analysis of the content of financial statements and sustainability reports based on Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) standards. The data us

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Wang, Lingyue, Ping Hu, Hongwei Zheng, et al. "An Automated Framework for Interaction Analysis of Driving Factors on Soil Salinization in Central Asia and Western China." Remote Sensing 17, no. 6 (2025): 987. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17060987.

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Soil salinization is a global ecological and environmental problem, which is particularly serious in arid areas. The formation process of soil salinity is complex, and the interactive effects of natural causes and anthropogenic activities on soil salinization are elusive. Therefore, we propose an automated machine learning framework for predicting soil salt content (SSC), which can search for the optimal model without human intervention. At the same time, post hoc interpretation methods and graph theory knowledge are introduced to visualize the nonlinear interactions of variables related to SS

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Woelders, Eva Christine Ida, Yoshinobu Onuma, Kai Ninomiya, et al. "Parsimonious versus extensive bleeding score: can we simplify risk stratification after percutaneous coronary intervention and reduce bleeding events by de-escalation of the antiplatelet strategy?" Open Heart 12, no. 1 (2025): e003083. https://doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2024-003083.

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Background and aimsDue to the multitude of risk factors outlined in the guidelines, personalised dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) guidance after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is complex. A simplified method was created to facilitate the use of risk stratification. We aimed to compare the predictive and prognostic value of the ‘Zuidoost Nederland Hart Registratie’ (ZON-HR) classification for bleeding risk with the PREdicting bleeding Complications In patients undergoing Stent implantation and subsEquent DAPT (PRECISE-DAPT) score and to determine the effect of ticagrelor monotherapy v

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Fadri, Prof Dr Iza. "PROSPEK HUKUM PIDANA INTERNASIONAL DAN TANTANGAN POLRI." Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure 23, no. 2 (2023): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.30641/dejure.2023.v23.207-218.

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Changes and developments in the national, regional, and global environment have triggered the rapid development of transnational crime, in this context, the Indonesian National Police (Polri) with the authority to act as state apparatus and law enforcer is the spearhead and front guard of the criminal justice system in eradicating transnational crime. Related to the foregoing, the applicability of International Criminal Law and its application in Indonesia is still an unresolved problem. In connection with the above, in terms of reviewing and analyzing related to the prospects of international

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Qiu, Miaozhen, Huiyan Luo, Feng-Hua Wang, et al. "Tislelizumab (TIS) + chemotherapy (chemo) vs placebo (PBO) + chemo as first-line (1L) treatment in gastric/gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (GC/GEJC) patients with/without peritoneal or liver metastases: A post hoc analysis of RATIONALE-305 study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 43, no. 4_suppl (2025): 414. https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2025.43.4_suppl.414.

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414 Background: Gastric cancer patients with peritoneal or liver metastases had poor prognosis, and the efficacy of immunotherapy in these patients remains unclear. The global phase 3 RATIONALE-305 study (NCT03777657) demonstrated that tislelizumab combined with chemotherapy could bring survival benefits to 1L treatment of GC/GEJC patients. Here, we assessed the efficacy of TIS + chemo vs PBO + chemo in patients with/without peritoneal or liver metastases in RATIONALE-305. Methods: Patients with systemic treatment-naïve GC/GEJC were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either TIS + chemo or PBO

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Lam, Hung, Joseph M. Becerra, Charles W. Stark, Yutaka Niihara, and Michael Callaghan. "The Evaluation of Transfusion Data from the Phase 3 Clinical Study of L-Glutamine in Sickle Cell Disease." Blood 138, Supplement 1 (2021): 3116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-154477.

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Abstract Introduction The multicenter trial of L-glutamine in sickle cell disease enrolled a total of 230 patients, randomized 2:1, to receive L-glutamine (152 patients) or placebo (78 patients). Following 48 weeks of therapy, patients in the L-glutamine group had significantly fewer pain crises and fewer hospitalizations than those in the placebo group. Two thirds of the patients in both trial groups received concomitant hydroxyurea. The Multicenter Study of Hydroxyurea showed that the treatment group differed from the placebo group in the number of units of blood transfused and in the number

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Juffrie, Mohammad, and Siti Helmyati. "IRON-FORTIFIED SYNBIOTIC FERMENTED MILK WITH TEMPEH EXTRACT TO ENHANCES PROPIONIC ACID, BUTYRIC ACID, AND NON-PATHOGEN MICROBIOME IN ANEMIC WISTAR RAT." Media Gizi Mikro Indonesia 11, no. 2 (2020): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22435/mgmi.v11i2.2694.

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Background. Anemia, as a global public health problem, needs to be solved. The previous study by the researcher found the potency of iron-fortified synbiotic fermented milk with tempeh extract as an alternative to overcome anemia. Objective. This study aims to determine the effects of iron-fortified synbiotic fermented milk with tempeh extract towards short-chain fecal fatty acids (SCFAs) and fecal microbiota. Method. The study was a randomized controlled trial with three groups, consisting of 8 anemic Wistar rats. The groups made into anemia within 17 days.The groups treated as follows: group

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Salloum, Said, and Sajedeh Norozpour. "XAI-IDS: A Transparent and Interpretable Framework for Robust Cybersecurity Using Explainable Artificial Intelligence." SHIFRA 2025 (February 8, 2025): 69–80. https://doi.org/10.70470/shifra/2025/004.

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The rapid evolution of cyberattacks, and in particular DDoS attacks, has outpaced many intrusion detection systems (IDSs) that fail to be interpretable or transparent, which subsequently hinders wider adoption in real-world high-stake environments. To our knowledge, this is the first joint utilization of CNNs with both SHAP and LIME for XAI-IDS tasks, particularly based on comparative evaluations across a wide range of different intrusions and a combination of XAI methods. The proposed method starts with data acquisition and data preprocessing of NSL-KDD dataset as only DDoS labeled records ou

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Vilone, Giulia, and Luca Longo. "A Quantitative Evaluation of Global, Rule-Based Explanations of Post-Hoc, Model Agnostic Methods." Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence 4 (November 3, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/frai.2021.717899.

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Understanding the inferences of data-driven, machine-learned models can be seen as a process that discloses the relationships between their input and output. These relationships consist and can be represented as a set of inference rules. However, the models usually do not explicit these rules to their end-users who, subsequently, perceive them as black-boxes and might not trust their predictions. Therefore, scholars have proposed several methods for extracting rules from data-driven machine-learned models to explain their logic. However, limited work exists on the evaluation and comparison of

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Mekonnen, Ephrem Tibebe, Luca Longo, and Pierpaolo Dondio. "A global model-agnostic rule-based XAI method based on Parameterized Event Primitives for time series classifiers." Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence 7 (September 20, 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/frai.2024.1381921.

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Time series classification is a challenging research area where machine learning and deep learning techniques have shown remarkable performance. However, often, these are seen as black boxes due to their minimal interpretability. On the one hand, there is a plethora of eXplainable AI (XAI) methods designed to elucidate the functioning of models trained on image and tabular data. On the other hand, adapting these methods to explain deep learning-based time series classifiers may not be straightforward due to the temporal nature of time series data. This research proposes a novel global post-hoc

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Miao, Dawei, Xiaoguang Zhou, Xiaoyuan Wu, Chengdong Chen, and Le Tian. "Distinct profiles of functional connectivity density aberrance in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment." Frontiers in Psychiatry 13 (December 15, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1079149.

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IntroductionInvestigating the neuroimaging changes from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is of great significance. However, the details about the distinct functional characteristics of AD and MCI remain unknown.MethodsIn this study, we investigated distinct profiles of functional connectivity density (FCD) differences between AD and MCI compared with the normal population, aiming to depict the progressive brain changes from MCI to AD. As a data-driven method, FCD measures the profiles of FC for the given voxel at different scales. Resting-state functional magnetic re

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Kim, Taiyun, Kitty Lo, Thomas A. Geddes, Hani Jieun Kim, Jean Yee Hwa Yang, and Pengyi Yang. "scReClassify: post hoc cell type classification of single-cell rNA-seq data." BMC Genomics 20, S9 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12864-019-6305-x.

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Abstract Background Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a fast emerging technology allowing global transcriptome profiling on the single cell level. Cell type identification from scRNA-seq data is a critical task in a variety of research such as developmental biology, cell reprogramming, and cancers. Typically, cell type identification relies on human inspection using a combination of prior biological knowledge (e.g. marker genes and morphology) and computational techniques (e.g. PCA and clustering). Due to the incompleteness of our current knowledge and the subjectivity involved in this

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