Journal articles: 'Post-tensioned prestressed concrete construction – Evaluation'

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Breen, John E., Michael E. Kreger, Christopher D. White, and Gordon C. Clark. "Field evaluation and model test of a composite wing-girder bridge." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 14, no. 6 (1987): 753–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l87-113.

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This paper presents the key observations and conclusions from the evaluation of an innovative "loose-fit" composite, post-tensioned concrete wing-girder bridge proposed for an elevated interstate highway expansion in an urban environment. The evaluation program included both testing to destruction of a 1/2-scale model of a partial span as well as construction monitoring and field testing at service load levels of a full-scale prototype two-span bridge. Results of both construction measurements and loading tests were compared with analytical predictions. Laboratory tests showed the composite behavior of the wing-girder joint to be fully effective and a high level of load transfer between wings to be present. Recommendations for modification of the prototype design are made to improve constructibility, durability, structural performance, and economy. Key words: box girder, bridge, post-tensioned, prestressed concrete, reinforcement, stresses, temperature, tendons.

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Kraľovanec, Jakub, František Bahleda, Jozef Prokop, Martin Moravčík, and Miroslav Neslušan. "Verification of Actual Prestressing in Existing Pre-Tensioned Members." Applied Sciences 11, no. 13 (2021): 5971. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11135971.

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In the case of prestressed concrete structures, information about the actual state of prestressing is an important basis for determining their load-carrying capacity as well as remaining service life. During the service life of the prestressed concrete structure, the initial level of prestressing is inevitably reduced as a result of the actions of various factors. These reductions of prestressing force are considered as prestress losses, which are influenced by construction stages, used materials, prestressing technology, or required length of service life. Available standards enable the determination of the expected values of prestress losses. Ultimately, their calculation is part of the design procedure of every prestressed concrete structure. However, aging and often neglected infrastructure in Europe is also exposed to factors, such as environmental distress, that are not considered in standard calculations. Therefore, verified and reliable methods for determining the actual state of prestressing are needed. This paper presents an experimental program of an indirect method for the evaluation of the value of prestressing force in seven prestressed concrete sleepers. Particularly, the non-destructive saw-cut method as a pivotal object of this study is performed and assessed. Furthermore, the Barkhausen noise technique is used as a comparative method. Subsequently, the experimental campaign is supported by the numerical analysis performed in the ATENA 3D software. Finally, the experimentally determined values of residual prestressing force are compared to the expected level of prestressing according to Eurocodes.

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Cao, Zhiliang, Hao Wang, and Tong Guo. "Fragility analysis of self-centering prestressed concrete bridge pier with external aluminum dissipators." Advances in Structural Engineering 20, no. 8 (2016): 1210–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433216673376.

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A novel self-centering prestressed concrete pier with external energy dissipators has been developed to realize seismic resilient performance and enhanced corrosion-resisting property. Self-centering capacity of the pier is provided by the unbonded post-tensioned tendons and damage is mostly concentrated on the replaceable dissipators. To investigate the seismic behavior of the proposed pier, a detailed analytical model considering interface opening and dissipator deformation was developed and verified through existing cyclic load tests. Based on the proposed model, a prototype reinforced concrete pier and a self-centering prestressed concrete pier with similar backbone curves are designed, and fragility analyses are conducted on the two piers through incremental dynamic analysis. One maximum drift-based performance limit state (i.e. collapse prevention) and two residual drift-based performance limit states (i.e. emergent usage and reconstruction) are defined for seismic capacity evaluation. Fragility curves indicate that the self-centering prestressed concrete pier has a slightly higher peak drift demand owing to its inferior dissipating capacity as compared with the reinforced concrete pier, while sustains a much lower residual drift demand due to its inherent self-centering characteristic.

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Aziz, Mohamad Abdel, George Abdel-Sayed, Faouzi Ghrib, Nabil F. Grace, and Murty K. S. Madugula. "Analysis of concrete beams prestressed and post-tensioned with externally unbonded carbon fiber reinforced polymer tendons." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 32, no. 6 (2005): 1138–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l05-071.

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Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) tendons are being increasingly used nowadays in prestressing and (or) post-tensioning concrete structures. However, designers are faced with lack of practical analysis procedure that leads to proper evaluation of their structural performance, especially when bonded prestressing is combined with unbonded post-tensioning. This paper presents an analytical procedure for these beams. It examines the load–defelction characteristics and proceeds to estimate the ultimate load carrying capacity by taking into consideration the change of stress that occurs in the externally unbonded tendons during different stages of loading. The analytical procedure uses the concept of effective moment of inertia of concrete beams. The equations used are developed by ACI Committee 440, the Intelligent Sensing for Innovative Structures (ISIS) Canada Research Network, and the Comité Euro-International du Béton - Fédération International de la Précontrainte (CEB-FIP), for calculating the deflection of beams reinforced with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) tendons. Finite element analyses have been conducted to verify the proposed analytical method. Two experimental programs were used to validate the proposed analytical method. The experimental findings of two box beams reinforced with bonded and unbonded external tendons are compared with finite element analyses and the analytical results. A full-scale test for an internally and externally prestressed double-T beam was undertaken at Construction Technology Laboratories Inc., Skokie, Illinois. The results from this experimental work were used to validate the analytical procedure.Key words: bonded CFRP tendons, concrete, post-tensioning, unbonded CFRP tendons.

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Whelan, Matthew J., Brett Q. Tempest, and David B. Scott. "Post-Fire Nondestructive Evaluation of a Prestressed Concrete Double-Tee Joist Roof." Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities 29, no. 2 (2015): 04014055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cf.1943-5509.0000543.

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Liu, Shu Yue, and Wei Ling Wang. "Research on Post-Tensioned Prestressed Concrete Construction Technology in Construction Engineering." Advanced Materials Research 700 (May 2013): 221–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.700.221.

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Study of bonded post-tensioned prestressed concrete construction technology, from materials, equipment, channel reservation, prestressed reinforcement material installation, concrete pouring, the prestressed tendons tension and grouting of anchor seal is described from the aspects of the construction of the link, the specific operation steps, summarizes the method of construction, improve the following prestressed concrete construction understanding.

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Liu, Zhengyu, Brent M. Phares, Weizhuo Shi, and Behrouz Shafei. "Full-Scale Evaluation of an Innovative Joint Design between Adjacent Box Beams." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 2 (2020): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198120902695.

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The longitudinal joints on adjacent precast, prestressed box beams used in bridge construction are vulnerable to cracking. These cracks provide a direct path for water and deleterious agents to enter the structural system, causing corrosion of the embedded steel bars and tendons. To avoid significant maintenance costs, safety concerns, or both, an innovative longitudinal joint between two adjacent box beams was designed in the current study. This joint is 6½ in. wide with roughened surfaces, filled with shrinkage compensating concrete and reinforced by steel bars. The joint was evaluated on a small-scale basis and satisfactory performance was obtained in resisting early-age cracks. In the current paper, the joint design is further evaluated through experiments on a 31 ft long specimen during the joint’s early age, and when it is subjected to multiple levels of cyclic loads. A finite element (FE) model that is capable of simulating the early-age concrete hardening was also developed and validated against the experimental data. The early-age, time-dependent stress development in the joint and at the interface of the joint and box beam was investigated using the FE model. Based on the results of laboratory tests and FE simulations, the innovative joint was found to remain crack free without the utilization of a shear key or transverse post-tensioning. The “compression-dominate” joint created by the expansive joint material and transverse reinforcing bars across the interface is expected to address the issues associated with early age, while ensuring the long-term durability and performance of box-beam bridges.

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Jiang, Yin Jun, and Yong Hua Zhu. "Simulation of Electric Heating Prestressed Concrete Component." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 1018–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.1018.

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Because channel quality defects of post-tensioned prestressed concrete construction cannot be discovered on time, an electric heating method is put forward to produce effective detection. The results of the numeric simulation on the temperature field of a prestressed concrete component show that the electric heating infrared detection method, for its energy consumption, efficiency and safety, is feasible for detecting the channel quality of prestressed concrete component, but the electric current needs to be controlled to avoid high temperature which affects the physical and mechanical properties of the strand and the concrete.

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Jeon, Chi-Ho, and Chang-Su Shim. "Flexural Behavior of Post-Tensioned Concrete Beams with Multiple Internal Corroded Strands." Applied Sciences 10, no. 22 (2020): 7994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10227994.

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The corrosion of prestressing steel in prestressed concrete bridges is a critical safety issue. To evaluate the strength of a prestressed concrete beam with corroded strands, it is necessary to know the mechanical properties of the corroded strands in terms of their tensile strength and ductility. In this study, material models were suggested using tensile tests of corroded strands which had been taken from existing bridges. Five prestressed concrete beams with multiple internal corroded strands of different corrosion levels and locations were fabricated and tested using the three-point bending test. The beams with corroded strands near the support did not show meaningful flexural behavior changes, while the beams with corrosion in the mid-span showed significant strength reduction. In order to suggest the appropriate evaluation of the flexural strength of a prestressed concrete beam with corroded strands, material models of the corroded strands were divided into two model categories: a bi-linear material model and a brittle material model. Strength evaluations of the corroded prestressed concrete beams according to fps approximation and strain-compatibility using OpenSEES were conducted. Results suggested the use of the strain compatibility method only when the section loss was greater than 5%.

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Wight, Gavin D., Jason M. Ingham, and Andrew R. Wilton. "Innovative seismic design of a post-tensioned concrete masonry houseThis article is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue on Masonry." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 34, no. 11 (2007): 1393–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l07-104.

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Post-tensioned concrete masonry walls provide improved seismic performance, but have had limited application in seismic regions because of a lack of research pertaining to their in-plane response. Following focused research over recent years, a consortium of product suppliers has collaborated with the University of Auckland to construct New Zealand’s first post-tensioned concrete masonry house. A feature of this innovative design was that all incorporated products were commercially available, with no proprietary products being specifically developed for the prestressed masonry system used. Consequently, it is hoped that this house will be a showcase, and provide exposure for the technology in New Zealand and elsewhere. This paper provides a brief review of previous post-tensioned concrete masonry research applications, then discusses post-tensioning details and their application to house design and construction.

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Wang, Zhi Feng, and Xian Yan Zhou. "Impact-Echo Based Nondestructive Evaluation of Grout Condition in Post-Tensioned Bridge Ducts." Advanced Materials Research 168-170 (December 2010): 1122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.168-170.1122.

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The field of Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) is a very broad, interdisciplinary field that plays a critical role in civil engineering for controlling new structures (quality control) as well as for assessing the internal grout condition of prestressed pipes in post-tensioned concrete structures. Because it allows voids in grouted tendon ducts to be inspected and measured without damaging them, impact-echo based NDE provides an excellent balance between quality control and cost-effectiveness. This paper focuses on the nondestructive evaluation of internal injection quality in post-tensioned bridge ducts, and the developments in civil engineering NDE in China are also introduced.

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Cheong, Kah Kian, Foo Wei Lee, Kah Hon Leong, Ming Kun Yew, and Yee Ling Lee. "Evaluation of Grouting Condition of Post-Tensioned Concrete using R-wave Method." E3S Web of Conferences 65 (2018): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186502004.

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Post-tensioning (PT) system is widely used not only in bridge construction, but also used as a replacement of reinforced concrete (RC) structure for slab, beam, and wall. Nowadays, many countries around the world are focusing on sustainable development in the construction industry. PT system is one of a system which able to meet the standard of sustainable building construction. Its advantages are able to save more materials, construction time and maintenance cost. To ensure the safety of PT systems during construction, some methods are implemented to evaluate the concrete condition. In this study, the Rayleigh wave (R-wave) method is used to evaluate the grouting condition of the post-tensioned concrete structure. Useful parameters of R-wave such as amplitude, time, frequency and wave velocity are identified and obtained through a series of numerical simulations and experimental tests. Different frequencies are excited to examine the behavior of R-wave propagated through a concrete medium with different grouting conditions in the simulation. In experimental testing, different diameters of steel balls are used as an impactor to generate waveform and the generated waveforms were recorded by the data logger. Three equidistance receivers are placed on top of the tested concrete specimen with different duct materials of aluminium duct and PVC duct embedded in it. As a conclusion, when voids are present in the concrete specimen, high readings of amplitude and dominant frequency are recorded and the travelling wave velocity is slow.

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Le, Thanh-Cao, Thi Tuong Vy Phan, Trung-Hau Nguyen, Duc-Duy Ho, and Thanh-Canh Huynh. "A Low-Cost Prestress Monitoring Method for Post-Tensioned RC Beam Using Piezoelectric-Based Smart Strand." Buildings 11, no. 10 (2021): 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11100431.

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This study proposes a cost-effective prestress monitoring method for post-tensioned reinforced concrete (RC) beams using a smart strand. Firstly, the concept of a piezoelectric-based smart strand and its implementation for prestress force monitoring are developed. The smart strand is prepared by embedding inexpensive and high-sensitivity electromechanical impedance (EMI) sensors in a steel strand. Next, the feasibility of the proposed method is experimentally verified for prestress force monitoring of a simple supported post-tensioned RC beam. A smart strand prototype is fabricated and embedded into a 6.4 m RC beam which is then prestressed with different levels. For each prestress level, the EMI responses of the smart tendon are measured and the EMI features are extracted for prestress force monitoring. The results showed that the EMI signals of the smart strand showed strong resonant peaks that varied sensitively to the prestress level of the beam. The prestress change in the prestressed RC beam was successfully estimated by using linear regression models of the EMI features.

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Li, Fumin, Xiaoya Luo, and Zhenguo Liu. "Corrosion of anchorage head system of post-tensioned prestressed concrete structures under chloride environment." Structural Concrete 18, no. 6 (2017): 902–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/suco.201600140.

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Samir, Peter, and George Morcous. "Precast Prestressed Concrete Truss-Girder for Roof Applications." Journal of Structures 2014 (December 14, 2014): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/524156.

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Steel trusses are the most popular system for supporting long-span roofs in commercial buildings, such as warehouses and aircraft hangars. There are several advantages of steel trusses, such as lightweight, ease of handling and erection, and geometric flexibility. However, they have some drawbacks, such as high material and maintenance cost, and low fire resistance. In this paper, a precast concrete truss is proposed as an alternative to steel trusses for spans up to 48 m (160 ft) without intermediate supports. The proposed design is easy to produce and has lower construction and maintenance costs than steel trusses. The truss consists of two segments that are formed using standard bridge girder forms with block-outs in the web which result in having diagonals and vertical members and reduces girder weight. The two segments are then connected using a wet joint and post-tensioned longitudinally to form a crowned truss. The proposed design optimizes the truss-girder member locations, cross-sections, and material use. A 9 m (30 ft) long truss specimen is constructed using self-consolidated concrete to investigate the constructability and structural capacity of the proposed design. A finite element analysis of the specimen is conducted to investigate stresses at truss diagonals, verticals, and connections. Testing results indicate the production and structural efficiency of the developed system.

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Dai, Lizhao, Lei Wang, Ming Deng, Binghui Wu, Royce W. Floyd, and Jianren Zhang. "Strengthening a 20-Year-Old Post-Tensioned Concrete Box Beam with Double-Layer Prestressed Steel Wire Ropes." Journal of Bridge Engineering 23, no. 11 (2018): 05018009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)be.1943-5592.0001301.

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Zilch, Konrad, and Erwin Penka. "Fatigue resistance evaluation for couplers of existing post-tensioned, concrete bridges." Structure and Infrastructure Engineering 10, no. 7 (2013): 901–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2012.761247.

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Ratra, Akhil, Kuldeep Singh, and Sandeep Dhillon. "INTRODUCTION TO CAMBER CONTROL, PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BRIDGE GIRDERS." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN PHYSICS 4, no. 2 (2014): 535–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jap.v4i2.2037.

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When designing a bridge, serviceability usually controls and is a more important factor than the ultimate capacity of the bridge or the allowable stresses. Therefore, the behaviour of the bridge girder deflection and camber must be predicted as accurately as possible. Therefore, excessive camber has become one of the most common problems when constructing concrete bridges. Different methods have been developed to overcome this problem. The most common and widely used is using haunch with adjustable pedestals to overcome the excessive camber. However, this method has limitations that must be considered. Therefore, this study is evaluating the effectiveness of using post tensioning jacking strands at the top flange of simply supported bridge girders to reduce the excessive camber and make it equal to the design camber.

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MAIDA, Yusuke, Kiyoka KINOSHITA, Hiroyasu SAKATA, Kazushi SHIMAZAKI, Nobuyuki IZUMI, and Eiichiro SAEKI. "SHEAR STRENGTH EVALUATION OF POST-TENSIONED CONNECTION BETWEEN DUCTILE CAST IRON PLATE WITH SHEAR-KEY AND CONCRETE." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 82, no. 739 (2017): 1425–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijs.82.1425.

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Mohammed, Khaleel, M. Jameel, Zainah Ibrahim, and Chee Tan. "Performance of a Ductile Hybrid Post-Tensioned Beam-to-Column Connection for Precast Concrete Frames under Seismic Loads: A Review." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16 (2021): 7497. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11167497.

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The performance of precast concrete frame structures against seismic loads mainly depends on the beam-to-column connection. A ductile hybrid connection consists of unbonded post-tensioning steel and bonded reinforcement bars, both of which provide overall moment resistance to the frame. Post-tensioning steel acts as a restoring force which brings the structure back to its initial position upon unloading. Mild steel acts as an energy dissipator which yields in tension and compression. To evaluate the performance of precast frame structures, the structural engineer requires extensive knowledge of the complex nonlinear behavior of the connection. Standardization to mass produce is one of the benefits of precast construction, but with standardization in design there is severe risk. All previous earthquakes have clearly shown that continuous repetition of accepted practice without proper engineering review can lead to disaster. It is important to understand how different parameters of the connection influence the behavior and performance of the frame against seismic loads. The present study helps structural engineers and researchers with a detailed review of hybrid post-tensioned connections. This review is focused mainly on precast beam-to-column connections, studies on the development of hybrid connections, performance evaluations of hybrid connections, and the performance evaluation of precast frames with hybrid connections.

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Haque, Md Nafiul, Murad Y. Abu-Farsakh, Chris Nickel, Ching Tsai, Jesse Rauser, and Zhongjie Zhang. "A Load-Testing Program on Large-Diameter (66-Inch) Open-Ended and PSC-Instrumented Test Piles to Evaluate Design Parameters and Pile Setup." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 52 (2018): 291–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118776781.

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This paper presents the results from a pile load testing program for a bridge construction project at Chalmette, Louisiana. The load testing includes three 66-in. spun-cast post-tensioned open-ended cylinder piles and one 30-in. square prestressed concrete (PSC) pile driven at four different locations along the bridge site in clayey-dominant soil. Both cone penetration tests and soil borings/laboratory testing were used to characterize the subsurface soil conditions. All test piles (TP) were instrumented with strain gauges to measure the load distribution along the length of the TPs and to measure the side and tip resistances, separately. Dynamic load tests (DLT) were performed on all TPs at different waiting periods after pile installations to quantify the amount of setup (i.e., increase in pile resistance with time). Case Pile Wave Analysis Program (CAPWAP®) analyses were performed on the DLT data to calculate the resistance distributions along the TPs. A static load test was performed only on the PSC pile and statnamic load tests (SNLT) were conducted on both pile types. Design parameters such as the total stress adhesion factor, α, and the effective stress coefficient, β, were back-calculated. The α values ranged from 0.41 to 0.86, and the β values ranged from 0.13 to 0.29. The load test results showed that SNLT overestimated the tip resistance as compared with dynamic and static load tests. Moreover, the pile tip resistance was almost constant during the testing period, and setup was mainly attributed to increase in pile side resistance with time.

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Qian, Kai, Hai-Ning Hu, Yun-Hao Weng, Xiao-Fang Deng, and Ting Huang. "Numerical investigation on load transfer mechanism of bonded post-tensioned concrete beam-column substructures against progressive collapse." Advances in Structural Engineering, December 22, 2020, 136943322098165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433220981655.

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This paper presents the high-fidelity finite-element-based numerical models for modeling the behavior of prestressed concrete (PC) beam-column substructures to resist progressive collapse under column removal scenario. After careful calibration against data, the validated numerical models are further employed to shed light on the influence of bonded post-tensioned tendons (BPT) with a parabolic profile on the load transfer mechanisms of PC frames against progressive collapse. The effects of parameters, including initial effective prestress, profile of tendon and lateral constraint stiffness at the beam ends, are also investigated. The study shows that, due to the presence of prestressed tendons, the mobilization of compressive arch action in the beam at small deflections demands stronger lateral constraints, and the ultimate load resistance of PC beam-column substructures depends on combined catenary action from non-prestressed reinforcement and BPT at large deflections. For a given constraint stiffness, the initial effective prestress of BPT has less significant effect on the overall structural behavior. For prestressed tendon, a straight profile usually employed in structural strengthening can improve the initial structural stiffness and yield strength, but is less effective in enhancing the ultimate resistance against progressive collapse than the parabolic profile.

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Mullins, Gray, Kevin Johnson, and Rajan Sen. "Post-Tensioned Splice System for Precast, Prestressed Concrete Piles: Part 1, Conceptual design." PCI Journal 63, no. 1 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.15554/pcij63.1-04.

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Mullins, Gray, Zhongxin Wu, Kevin Johnson, and Rajan Sen. "Post-Tensioned Splice System for Precast, Prestressed Concrete Piles: Part 2, Field Implementation and Driving Spliced Pile." PCI Journal 63, no. 3 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.15554/pcij63.3-04.

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Colajanni, Piero, Antonino Recupero, Giuseppe Ricciardi, and Nino Spinella. "Failure by corrosion in PC bridges: a case history of a viaduct in Italy." International Journal of Structural Integrity 7, no. 2 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijsi-09-2014-0046.

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Purpose The paper illustrates a viaduct collapse due to corrosion phenomena. Moreover, a contribution to the issues related to both the control of existing structures and design methods to be followed for the construction of new buildings is provided. Design/methodology/approach The objectives were achieved by in situ observations and numerical analyses. The effects of corrosion phenomena are investigated, and the progressive collapse analysis is provided to be helpful in this case. Findings The damages induced by corrosion phenomena have caused the collapse of the viaduct taken in to account. The performed numerical analyses were able to reproduce the effects of corrosion in terms of reduction of wires diameter. Research limitations/implications The research is limited to prestressed concrete viaduct with post-tensioned cables. Practical implications A monitoring plan, subdivided in several phases, is suggested, to avoid critical situations as these described. Originality/value The case study brought useful information on the effects of corrosion on the decks section, showing how the technology in post-tensioned cables is usually insidious and prone to the issues relating to corrosion of the wires

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Fukushima, Kuniharu, Kimihiko Amaya, Takanori Kinoshita, and Isamu Yoshitake. "APPLICABILITY OF WIDE-RANGE ULTRASONIC TESTING TO NON-DESTRUCTIVE INSPECTION OF GROUT CONDITION IN PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BRIDGES." Proceedings of International Structural Engineering and Construction 4, no. 1 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.14455/isec.res.2017.121.

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Complete grouting of tendon ducts is important for durability of post-tensioned prestressed concrete (PC) bridges. Voids in the ducts may induce failure of PC tendons, possibly causing a reduction in load capacity and collapse of the bridge. The wide-range ultrasonic testing (WUT) is one of the non-destructive inspection techniques. The focus of this study is to examine the applicability of the WUT to grout inspection. This paper summarizes the characteristics of the non-destructive methods available for the PC grout inspection and outlines the sensing and analyzing techniques of the WUT method performed in practice in PC bridge construction. The inspection accuracy of the WUT method was examined by comparison to a sensor-based inspection method. This paper also reports comparative investigation and discusses the advantages of the WUT method including inspection accuracy, cost performance, time efficiency and safety. It was confirmed in on-site application that the WUT method was capable of determining grout condition at a concrete cover depth of 250 mm.

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Wu, Zhongxin, Kevin Johnson, Gray Mullins, and Rajan Sen. "Post-Tensioned Splice System for Precast, Prestressed Concrete Piles: Part 3, Capacity Verification from Laboratory and Full-Scale Testing." PCI Journal 63, no. 5 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.15554/pcij63.5-02.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Post-tensioned prestressed concrete construction – Evaluation'

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