Academic literature on the topic 'Post-traumatic stress disorder – Patients Case studies'
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Journal articles on the topic "Post-traumatic stress disorder – Patients Case studies"
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Ben Zina, E., M. W. Krir, H. Bel Hadj, R. Lansari, H. El Kefi, C. Ben Cheikh, and A. Omaya. "Self-esteem in Military Patients with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S721. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1304.
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IntroductionMaintaining self-esteem is a fundamental human motivation. Trauma may lower self-esteem, which contributes to the development and maintenance of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).ObjectivesAssessment of self-esteem in Tunisian military patients suffering from PTSD. Study of correlation between the severity of the PTSD symptoms and the rate of self-esteem.MethodsTransversal descriptive study of a sample of 22 patients treated for PTSD in the Tunisian Military Hospital during the period between August and October 2016.The PTSD Cheklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD), and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were administered for patients.ResultsAll the patients assessed were male. The mean age of the sample was 29.6 years. Fifty percent of the patients presented with a co-morbid major depression. Based on the score of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, patients had a self-esteem, which was very low in 45.45% of case, low in 45.45% of cases, average in 4.54% of cases and high in 4.54% of cases. The results also showed that lower levels of self-esteem are significantly correlated to the severity of the PTSD symptoms as measured by the PCL-5 score.ConclusionsThis study highlights the magnitude of self-esteem deficiency among patients suffering from PTSD. It remains unclear as to whether the relationship between trauma and depression is consistently mediated by a negative cognitive schema, such as low self-esteem, or whether trauma influences mood independently of low self-esteem. Further studies are required.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Shelef, Assaf, Dorit Brafman, Thom Rosing, Abraham Weizman, Rafael Stryjer, and Yoram Barak. "Equine Assisted Therapy for Patients with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Case Series Study." Military Medicine 184, no. 9-10 (March 6, 2019): 394–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usz036.
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Abstract Introduction Equine assisted therapy (EAT) which includes therapeutic horseback riding (THR), grooming, horsemanship and ground level work with horses, has been studied as treatment for children with special needs and/or autistic spectrum disorder. Preliminary evidence indicates that EAT is also effective for improving self-efficacy and self-esteem in adults with psychiatric disorders. Empowerment, bonding and building trust with the horses, may promote functioning of patients struggling with post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The authors performed a prospective, pilot open case series study to assess the effect of EAT on patients with PTSD in terms of symptoms and functioning in work, family and social interaction. Methods Patients with PTSD received EAT once a week for 3 consecutive hours for 6 months. The Short Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Rating Interview (SPRINT) and the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) were assessed at baseline, the SDS after 1 and 6 months, and the SPRINT after 6 months. Results Thirteen of 23 participants completed the study. Ten participants withdrew from the study for various reasons including discomfort from horses. Total SPRINT scores showed a statistically significant improvement in PTSD symptoms (baseline vs. 6 months: 24.38 ± 6.4 vs. 21.54 ± 7.94 points; p < 0.05). SPRINT scores indicated improvement in the ability to work and perform daily tasks (p < 0.05). A statistically significant improvement in the total SDS score was revealed following 1 month (p < 0.03) and after 6 months (p < 0.02) of EAT. There was also a significant decline in the days of inefficiency (baseline vs. 6 months: 4.15 ± 2.73 vs, 1.88 ± 2.18 days per week, p < 0.02). Conclusion This preliminary pilot open case series study suggests that EAT may be a beneficial treatment for patients suffering from PTSD. The study demonstrated improved ability to work and perform daily tasks and reduction in the number of days of inefficiency. Further large-scale long-term studies are warranted to substantiate our observation.
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Zammit, Stan, Catrin Lewis, Sarah Dawson, Hannah Colley, Hannah McCann, Alice Piekarski, Helen Rockliff, and Jonathan Bisson. "Undetected post-traumatic stress disorder in secondary-care mental health services: systematic review." British Journal of Psychiatry 212, no. 1 (January 2018): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2017.8.
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BackgroundComorbid post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with poorer outcomes of other disorders, but is treatable.AimsTo estimate the frequency of clinically undetected PTSD in secondary care.MethodA systematic review of studies that screened for PTSD and reported on PTSD documentation in clinical records. Frequency of undetected PTSD was estimated, and reasons for heterogeneity explored.ResultsThe median proportion of participants with undetected PTSD (29 studies) was 28.6% (interquartile range 18.2–38.6%). There was substantial heterogeneity, with studies conducted in the USA and those with the highest proportions of in-patients and patients with psychotic disorder reporting higher frequencies of undetected PTSD.ConclusionsUndetected PTSD is common in secondary care, even if the true value is at the lower limit of the estimates reported here. Trials examining the impact of routine screening for PTSD are required to determine whether such programmes should be standard procedure for all mental health services.Declaration of interestNone.
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Zivic, Bratislav, Danilo Jokovic, Marija Vranic, and Zvezdana Stojanovic. "Post-traumatic stress disorder psychotic subtype or comorbid psychotic disorder and evaluation of military service ability." Vojnosanitetski pregled 77, no. 3 (2020): 335–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp171128068z.
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Introduction. Recent studies have shown that diagnostic differences in the opinion whether some case is a psychotic subtype of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or a comorbid psychotic disorder still exist. In a case of mental disorders, a specific nature of military environment requires a detailed evaluation of abilities for military service (MS). Case report. A 34-year old male noncommissioned officer (NCO) showed symptomatology of PTSD (according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ? DSM-IV) after experiencing a traumatic event in peacetime conditions. In addition to experiencing trauma as an adult, the patient was also exposed to early-age trauma, when his father committed suicide. After a pharmacotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy treatment, he was remitted and returned to his duty. Triggered by new stress caused by unfavorable environmental factors (occupational environment), psychotic phenomenology appeared. After two years of psychiatric treatment, patient was evaluated unfit for MS. Conclusion. Early-age trauma and/or PTSD are predispositions for a comorbid psychotic disorder, while the diagnostic entity of psychotic subtype of PTSD requires further research. Evaluation of MS abilities in patients with psychotic disorder based on our clinical experience, will require a psychiatric treatment for at least two years, which is in accordance with a research conducted in the British Army.
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Yoshii, Takanobu. "The Role of the Thalamus in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 4 (February 9, 2021): 1730. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041730.
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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has a high lifetime prevalence and is one of the more serious challenges in mental health care. Fear-conditioned learning involving the amygdala has been thought to be one of the main causative factors; however, recent studies have reported abnormalities in the thalamus of PTSD patients, which may explain the mechanism of interventions such as eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Therefore, I conducted a miniature literature review on the potential contribution of the thalamus to the pathogenesis of PTSD and the validation of therapeutic approaches. As a result, we noticed the importance of the retinotectal pathway (superior colliculus−pulvinar−amygdala connection) and discussed therapeutic indicators.
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Cooper, John, Andrea J. Phelps, Chee H. Ng, and David Forbes. "Diagnosis and treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic." Australian Journal of General Practice 49, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 785–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31128/ajgp-07-20-5557.
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Background The COVID-19 pandemic has caused unprecedented stress globally, and the associated medical and health-related traumatic experiences pose significant risks for the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and the exacerbation of pre-existing PTSD, among patients, general practitioners (GPs) and healthcare staff. Objective The aim of this article is to provide guidance to GPs and healthcare staff working in Australia about the diagnosis and treatment of both newly developed and pre-existing PTSD in the COVID-19 context. Case studies are presented; the authors discuss whether pandemic-related PTSD is different to PTSD caused by different types of traumatic exposure, and the associated implications for treatment. Discussion The role of GPs in the management of PTSD during the COVID-19 pandemic remains central, involving early detection, assessment and referral. Moreover, health professionals are not immune to the mental health effects of the pandemic and are encouraged to maintain their wellbeing and to seek professional treatment if needed.
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Turgoose, David Paul, Stephanie Kerr, Paolo De Coppi, Simon Blackburn, Simon Wilkinson, Natasha Rooney, Richard Martin, Suzanne Gray, and Lee Duncan Hudson. "Prevalence of traumatic psychological stress reactions in children and parents following paediatric surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis." BMJ Paediatrics Open 5, no. 1 (July 2021): e001147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2021-001147.
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BackgroundChildren undergoing surgery and their parents are at risk of developing post-traumatic stress reactions. We systematically reviewed the literature to understand the prevalence of this issue, as well as potential risk factors.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis, using PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science and Google Scholar, with searches conducted in February 2021. Papers were included if they measured post-traumatic stress in children and/or parents following paediatric surgery and were excluded if they did not use a validated measure of post-traumatic stress. Data were extracted from published reports.FindingsOur search yielded a total of 1672 papers, of which 16 met our inclusion criteria. In meta-analysis, pooled studies of children estimated an overall prevalence of 16% meeting criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder post surgery (N=187, 95% CI 5% to 31%, I2=80%). After pooling studies of parents, overall prevalence was estimated at 23% (N=1444, 95% CI 16% to 31%, I2=91%). Prevalence rates were higher than those reported in the general population. Risk factors reported within studies included length of stay, level of social support and parental mental health.InterpretationThere is consistent evidence of traumatic stress following surgery in childhood which warrants further investigation. Those delivering surgical care to children would benefit from a raised awareness of the potential for post-traumatic stress in their patients and their families, including offering screening and support.
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Delic, Vedad, Whitney A. Ratliff, and Bruce A. Citron. "Sleep Deprivation, a Link Between Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Alzheimer’s Disease." Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 79, no. 4 (February 16, 2021): 1443–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jad-201378.
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An estimated 5 million Americans are living with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and there is also a significant impact on caregivers, with an additional 16 million Americans providing unpaid care for individuals with AD and other dementias. These numbers are projected to increase in the coming years. While AD is still without a cure, continued research efforts have led to better understanding of pathology and potential risk factors that could be exploited to slow disease progression. A bidirectional relationship between sleep deprivation and AD has been suggested and is well supported by both human and animal studies. Even brief episodes of inadequate sleep have been shown to cause an increase in amyloidβ and tau proteins, both well-established contributors toAD pathology. Sleep deprivation is also the most common consequence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Patients with PTSD frequently present with sleep disturbances and also develop dementia at twice the rate of the general population accounting for a disproportionate representation of AD among U.S. Veterans. The goal of this review is to highlight the relationship triad between sleep deprivation, AD, and PTSD as well as their impact on molecular mechanisms driving AD pathology.
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Akechi, Tatsuo, Toru Okuyama, Yuriko Sugawara, Tomohito Nakano, Yasuo Shima, and Yosuke Uchitomi. "Major Depression, Adjustment Disorders, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Terminally Ill Cancer Patients: Associated and Predictive Factors." Journal of Clinical Oncology 22, no. 10 (May 15, 2004): 1957–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2004.08.149.
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Purpose Few studies have been conducted to elucidate the psychological distress of terminally ill cancer patients. This study attempted to determine the prevalence of adjustment disorders (AD), major depression (MD), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among terminally ill cancer patients, to identify factors that contribute to them, and to determine how they change longitudinally. Patients and Methods Consecutive terminally ill cancer patients were recruited. Patients were assessed for psychiatric disorders by structured clinical interview twice: once at the time of their registration with a palliative care unit (baseline), and again at the time of their palliative care unit admission (follow-up). Possible contributed biomedical and psychosocial factors were evaluated. Results The proportions of patients diagnosed with AD, MD, and PTSD at baseline (n = 209) were 16.3%, 6.7%, and 0% respectively, whereas at follow-up (n = 85), 10.6% were diagnosed with AD and 11.8% with MD. Lower performance status, concern about being a burden to others, and lower satisfaction with social support were significantly associated with AD/MD at baseline. There were changes in the diagnosis of AD and MD in 30.6% of the patients. Only the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at the baseline was significantly predictive of AD/MD at follow-up. Conclusion The factors underlying psychological distress are multifactorial. Early intervention to treat subclinical anxiety and depression may prevent subsequent psychological distress.
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Khitab, Aaron, John Reid, Vern Bennett, G. Camelia Adams, and Lloyd Balbuena. "Late Onset and Persistence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms in Survivors of Critical Care." Canadian Respiratory Journal 20, no. 6 (2013): 429–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/861517.
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BACKGROUND: Several recent studies have reported that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a frequent occurrence in survivors of an intensive care unit (ICU) admission.OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency of PTSD symptoms at three and nine months post-ICU admission and examine possible risk factors that predispose to the development of PTSD symptoms.METHOD: Using the following scales: Davidson Trauma Scale, Impact of Event Scale and the Post-traumatic Symptom Scale, 69 ICU survivors were assessed for PTSD symptoms at three months post-ICU admission. Of the original 69 patients, 37 completed the same questionnaires at the second follow-up at nine months post-ICU admission. Mean symptom levels for avoidance, intrusive thoughts and hyperarousal were calculated, and risk factors for the development of PTSD symptomatology were examined.RESULTS: Depending on which scale was used, 16% to 33% of ICU survivors met the criteria for PTSD at either three or nine months. Younger age and the use of a prescription psychoactive medication at time of ICU admission were both independently associated with a higher risk of developing PTSD symptoms. Interestingly, symptoms of hyperarousal worsened during the follow-up interval for female patients, while they remained constant for males.CONCLUSION: The frequency of PTSD symptoms was high in patients who survived an admission to the ICU. Depending on sex, symptoms may present and evolve differently. The adoption of screening tools and a multicentre ICU database in Canada is recommended to identify patients who are most at risk.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Post-traumatic stress disorder – Patients Case studies"
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Payne, Charmaine. "Breaking the silence : Zanele's journey to recovery." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007651.
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This study employed a case-based research design to document the psychological assessment and treatment of Zanele, a 15-year-old black Xhosa speaking female who was raped twice in 2006 by the same perpetrator. The aim of the study was to explore whether, the model for assessment and intervention for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) developed by Ehlers and Clark (2000) was effective and transportable to the South African context. Zanele had a sufficient understanding of English for assessment to proceed without use of an interpreter. She reported a number of PTSD symptoms which were causing her significant distress and had impacted on her social and educational functioning. These included flashbacks of the perpetrator's face when she looked at the faces of black men, nightmares about the traumas she had endured and feeling isolated from others. A number of cognitive techniques were utilised in this study, however the central interventions included working with triggers, imagery rehearsal techniques with a focus on nightmares, and reliving with cognitive restructuring within and outside reliving. Psychoeducation and increasing her social support were also important components of the intervention. Her progress was monitored by means of several self-report measures which were displayed in graphic and tabular form. In addition, a thematically selective narrative of the assessment and first 23 sessions of the intervention was written which documents some of the central processes set in motion by the interventions. These results provide evidence that this model was both effective and transportable to the South African population. In addition, the study demonstrated that it is possible for a white English speaking clinician to work with a black Xhosa speaking individual and make substantial therapeutic gains.
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Smith, Tracy-Ann. "Frozen in time to reclaiming one's life: the evaluation of the Ehlers and Clark Cognitive Therapy Model in the assessment and treatment of a hijacking survivor." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002569.
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The aim of this research study was achieved by providing support for the effectiveness and the transportability of the Ehlers and Clark (2000) cognitive therapy model for the assessment and treatment of PTSD. Furthermore, the contextual factors which were important in this case were investigated and documented. However, research within the social sciences will inevitably produce various limitations due to the unique individuals and dynamic phenomena that are studied.
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Van, der Linde Francois. "Past trauma, anxious future a case-based evaluation of the Ehlers and Clark model for PTSD applied in Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002584.
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This research report documents the therapeutic intervention undertaken with a 23-year-old Swazi rape victim. The format of this research report takes the form of a case study that follows the principles proposed by Fishman (2005). Its aim is to document the treatment process of an individual of African decent in order to establish whether the treatment model can be effective in clinical settings and in contexts and cultural settings different from that in which it was developed. The Ehlers and Clark (2000) cognitive therapy model for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was utilised to assess, conceptualise, and treat the case. The client entered therapy three years after being raped for a third time. The case formulation identified factors maintaining the disorder as well as how other traumatic and abusive events earlier in her life influenced her response to the rapes. Data consisted off audio-tape recordings and detailed written synopses of each assessment and therapy session, psychometric measurement instruments and self-report scales completed throughout the intervention, material written by the client, and a research interview conducted by an independent party. She was treated for PTSD and comorbid depression over a period of five months in accordance with the principles described by Ehlers and Clark and a narrative of the treatment process was written. The case narrative in conjunction with quantitative data suggested that this model assisted the client in initiating a healing process. As such the model was found to be both effective and transportable to an African context. Various points of discussion are highlighted, including the challenges of working with PTSD and comorbid major depression, the client-therapist relationship, and that a client and therapist from different cultures, backgrounds, and with different home languages can work together effectively using the Ehlers and Clark model.
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Padmanabhanunni, Anita. "A series of systematic case studies on the treatment of rape-related PTSD in the South African context implications for practice and policy." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002544.
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In 2009, South African police statistics revealed that more than 68 332 women were raped in the country. The evidence from independent researchers has shown that SAPS statistics are highly susceptible to under-reporting and the actual figure is more than double this amount. One pervasive feature of the phenomenology of rape is post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD is a highly debilitating condition with severe individual and societal costs. The condition takes a critical toll on occupational functioning, schooling and personal relationships and is associated with depression, suicide risk, self-harming behaviours and alcohol-abuse problems. The Ehlers and Clark (2000) cognitive model represents the most efficacious treatment for PTSD but the approach is severely under-utilised by South African practitioners working with sexual trauma. The reasons for such under-utilisation relate to a lack of exposure and training surrounding the model and concerns about the transportability of the treatment to a multi-cultural context. One method of addressing these barriers to treatment delivery is through systematic case-based research. Systematic case-based research offers a complementary means of refining theory and developing evidence-based practice in the context of a developing country. The method offers an intensive analysis and description of the particular phenomena under study within its real-life context. It allows the researcher to intensively examine and identify the specific aspects of the therapist’s responses and client’s reactions that contributed to significant change. Unlike efficacy studies, generalisability in case-study research is based on replication on a case-by-case basis and the creation of case law. This research study uses a systematic-case study approach to investigate the applicability of the Ehlers and Clark (2000) model in the treatment of rape-related PTSD in South Africa. The study aims to demonstrate the transportability of the model and develop a needed evidence base for service providers in the country. Seven women participated in the project and lent their treatment process to the research. The participants varied in terms of age, race, culture, socio-economic status and the nature of their sexual trauma. Through synoptic thematic analysis of their therapy process specific client-related personal aspects, client-related contextual factors and state-level factors were found to impede treatment delivery and implementation. The implications of these aspects for clinical practice and social policy are comprehensively discussed.
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Karpelowsky, Belinda Jodi. "Imagery and the transformation of meaning in psychotherapy for post-traumatic stress disorder: a hermeneutic case study." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002509.
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This study discusses the assessment and treatment of a 21-year old male who had suffered multiple traumas, which had culminated in the death of his younger brother. He presented with Acute Stress Disorder. The literature review examines a diverse range of theorists and discourses, that have addressed the psychological consequences of trauma and highlights the complexity of the phenomena involved. The case study, located in the South African context, aims to sensitise the reader to the unique dilemmas facing each trauma survivor, and serves to highlight specifically those areas, which are pertinent and further more contribute significantly to the recovery process. The case narrative consists of a detailed synopsis of the therapy process, extracted from the session record notes documented at the time. Several other sources of information, including contributions from the participant, were used to verify and validate the accuracy of the data included. The narrative is written in a style that conveys the intensity of the nature of trauma work and the manner in which both patient and clinician are frequently confronted with very difficult emotional work. Finally the discussion examines the case narrative through the use of a set of carefully selected hermeneutic questions. These focused on (I) key concepts from the work of Robert Lifton who highlights the existential dimensions of the impact of trauma; (2) the role of the image in encapsulating the complex traumatic and post-traumatic experience of the survivor as well as facilitating the emotional processing of the trauma is examined; (3) the contribution to the process of therapy of aspects of the therapeutic relationship; and (4) the concept of recovery in relation to the question of what constitutes 'trauma work'. In conclusion, several meta-theoretical issues related to trauma, the strengths and weaknesses inherent to the research and relevant future areas of research are highlighted.
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Koen, Gary. "Understanding and treating combat-related post traumatic stress disorder: a soldier's story." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006879.
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This work documents the treatment of a 20-year-old male suffering from Post Traumatic Stress Disorder as a result of his experience during two years of national service as an Operations "Ops" Medic in the South African Defence Force. The literature review is drawn largely from the body of work emerging from the Vietnam War, and in particular the work of Robert Lifton and Erwin Parson is considered. The case study consists of a detailed synopsis of the treatment based upon material from the therapy sessions. This section hopes to accurately convey the experience of working with someone suffering from Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and provide insight into the dynamics of such a therapeutic relationship. Finally the discussion examines the links between the theory and the treatment and attempts to understand the various factors which shaped and influenced the final outcome of the therapy. Special consideration is given to showing how essentially cognitive restructuring techniques are successfully utilised within a more existential, psychodynamic framework. Furthermore, there is a paucity of literature on the subject of combat-related Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in South Africa and it is hoped that this work will both point to a need for further research in this field whilst simultaneously provide guidance for those who wish to become involved in working with individuals suffering from Post Traumatic Stress Disorder.
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Acheson, Kerry. "The phenomenolgoical experience of posttraumatic growth in the context of a traumatic bereavement." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004456.
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The present study involves an exploration of the phenomenological expenence of posttraumatic growth in the context of a traumatic bereavement. An idiographic case study of a student who had witnessed her mother's death twelve years previously was conducted. Semi-structured interviews elicited data which was analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IP A). Posttraumatic growth was found to have developed with regards to self-perception, relationships, and also in a broader spiritual and existential domain. The findings of this study shed light on the extant posttraumatic growth literature. In particular, findings were discussed in relation to the posttraumatic growth model as proposed by Calhoun and Tedeschi (2006). As posttraumatic growth is a relatively young concept, further research is needed in order to understand the meaning of reported growth more fully. While posttraumatic growth has been investigated in the context of bereavement, future research should distinguish more clearly between growth following traumatic and non-traumatic bereavement. Posttraumatic growth has received minimal empirical attention in South Africa, and therefore exploration of this area is suggested in the future.KMBT_363
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Sebuhoro, Célestin. "Quête de l'identité chez l'adolescent rwandais rescapé du génocide: approche développementale et différentielle." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210928.
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Feldmann, Olaf Theodor. "Cue incubation in posttraumatic stress disorder amongst members of the South African Police." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10266.
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M.A. (Psychology)The present study was undertaken in an attempt to understand and ascertain the nature of PTSD in the South African Police leading to chronic illness and work-related dysfunctions as well as to investigate the possibility of triggering events leading to the loss of latency in PTSD. The specific hypothesis for this study was that a significant proportion of members of the SAP who report for medical treatment of stress-related physical or psychological complaints, will show PTSD in conjunction with a triggering stimulus event prior to the manifestations of the first clinical signs of PTSD. The testing of the hypothesis, entailed utilizing an experimental group. consisting of a number of police officers, who had been referred for psychological and/or medical treatment for work-related disorders. None of these subjects had previously been diagnosed with PTSD. A control group was used that consisted of police officers who had not seen active duty in an area where a traumatic stress disorder event could take place. These subjects were subjected to assessment of PTSD by means of the Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related PTSD, and concomitant stress-related events by means of the Life Experiences Survey. Alienation was assessed by the means of the VSVA. Indices of psychophysiological reactivity were obtained by means of galvanic skin response deviation and heart rate deviation to specific stimuli, including neutral stimuli, war-related stimuli and stimuli with political content.
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Luther, Roxanne. "An in-depth exploration of the personality structure of adult female psychiatric patients with a history of childhood trauma by utilising personality assessment." Diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25876.
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The experience of complex childhood trauma produces a ripple-effect that psychologically impacts trauma survivors’ functioning in multiple areas. The aim of the current study was to investigate and describe the interplay between complex trauma, subsequent personality development and later psychopathology by means of the multiple case study method of six female psychiatric patients attending treatment at a tertiary psychiatric hospital within Gauteng, South Africa. This was accomplished by assessing and qualitatively analysing the results of a carefully selected battery of personality and other psychometric assessments presented to study participants. The results indicated that the experience of complex childhood trauma impacted the study participants’ personality in predictable ways, which further influenced the psychopathology they displayed as psychiatric patients. These findings aid in describing the psychological impact of complex trauma on the research participants, and also offers support for reconnecting past traumas to the current psychopathologies of psychiatric patients.Psychology
M.A. (Clinical Psychology)
Books on the topic "Post-traumatic stress disorder – Patients Case studies"
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J, Scott Michael. Counselling for post-traumatic stress disorder. London: SAGE, 1992.
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J, Scott Michael. Counselling for post-traumatic stress disorder. 3rd ed. London: SAGE Publications, 2006.
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Bahar, Ilan. Zeh mah she-ani zokher--: ʻedut ishit ʻal helem ḳerav. Or Yehudah: Zemorah-Bitan, 2005.
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Morain, William D. The sword of Laban: Joseph Smith, Jr. and the dissociated mind. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press, 1998.
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Horowitz, Mardi Jon. Stress response syndromes: PTSD, grief, adjustment, and dissociative disorders. 5th ed. Lanham, Md: Jason Aronson, 2011.
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Delaney, Bob. Surviving the shadows: A journey of hope into post-traumatic stress. Naperville, Ill: Sourcebooks, 2011.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Post-traumatic stress disorder – Patients Case studies"
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Forresi, Barbara, Ernesto Caffo, and Marco Battaglia. "Gene Environment Interplays: Why PTSD Makes a Good Case for Gene–Environment Interaction Studies and How Adding a Developmental Approach Can Help." In Comprehensive Guide to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, 1–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08613-2_84-1.
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Thambirajah, MS. "Post-traumatic stress disorder." In Case Studies in Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 237–57. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315377582-13.
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Graf, Elizabeth P., and John C. Markowitz. "Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)." In Casebook of Interpersonal Psychotherapy, 149–68. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780199746903.003.0009.
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Chapter 9 provides the evidence and theoretical rationale for using IPT to treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A detailed case example illustrates technique, and the discussion that follows raises clinical issues central to treating patients with PTSD.
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David, Aviya Ben, and Yochai Ataria. "The body image–body schema/ownership–agency model for pathologies: four case studies." In Body Schema and Body Image, 328–48. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198851721.003.0020.
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The body image/body schema–ownership/agency (BI-BS/Ow-Ag) model seeks to explain different kinds of pathologies as part of a unified model. As part of this endeavour, this chapter attempts to apply the BI-BS/Ow-Ag model to the following phenomena: body integrity identity disorder (BIID), schizophrenia, anorexia nervosa (AN), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
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Marks, Madeline, Annelise Cunningham, Clint Bowers, and Deborah C. Beidel. "Trauma Management Therapy for First Responders." In Advances in Psychology, Mental Health, and Behavioral Studies, 230–42. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9803-9.ch013.
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Mental health professionals are only recently beginning to understand the risks for stress-related disorders experienced by first responders. For example, it is clear that first responders are at increased risk for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Unfortunately, clinicians currently have a limited repertoire with which to treat these disorders. Treatments for PTSD have been developed for use with military patients, for the most part. It is not clear that these treatments are appropriate, and effective, for first responders. In this chapter, the authors describe a pilot study designed to evaluate whether one specific treatment approach creates similar clinical outcomes for first responders as have been observed for a military sample. The results indicate that clinical outcomes for first responders were nearly identical as those obtained with military personnel. The results are discussed in terms of future directions for research in this area.
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Sinnott-Armstrong, Walter, and Jesse S. Summers. "Which biopsychosocial view of mental illness?" In Psychiatry Reborn: Biopsychosocial psychiatry in modern medicine, edited by Julian Savulescu, Rebecca Roache, Will Davies, and J. Pierre Loebel, 82–96. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198789697.003.0006.
Full textAbstract:
Biopsychosocial theories of mental illness claim that biological, psychological, and social factors are all central to every mental illness. This general approach cannot be assessed or employed properly without specifying the precise relation between mental illnesses and these three levels of understanding. This chapter distinguishes disjunctive, causal, explanatory, therapeutic (or treatment), and constitutive (or definitional) versions of biopsychosocial theories. However, all of these claims are uncontroversial and not distinctive of the biopsychosocial approach, except the constitutive claim. That constitutive claim is inaccurate, because almost all mental illnesses are and should be defined by their psychological symptoms instead of their biological or social causes. These lessons are applied to case studies of post-traumatic stress disorder, disinhibited social engagement disorder, obsessive–compulsive disorder, and scrupulosity.
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Pattwell, Siobhan S., Anne-Marie Mouly, Regina M. Sullivan, and Francis S. Lee. "Developmental Components of Fear and Anxiety in Animal Models." In Neurobiology of Mental Illness, edited by Kerry J. Ressler, 593–605. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199934959.003.0044.
Full textAbstract:
Fear learning is an adaptive, evolutionarily conserved process that allows one to respond appropriately to threats within the environment. In the case of psychiatric disorders, however, fear may persist long after an environmental threat has passed. This unremitting and often debilitating form of fear is a core component of many anxiety disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and involves exaggerated and inappropriate fear responses. The normative developmental trajectory of fear responsiveness is continually modified and sculpted throughout ontogeny to fit the dynamic needs of an organism across the lifespan. In this chapter, we review neural circuitry implicated in fear learning and present data from rodent and human fear learning studies spanning infancy to adulthood. In addition, we propose a developmental model of fear neural circuitry that may optimize current treatments and inform when, during development, specific treatments for anxiety may be most effective.
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Senecal, Gary, and Patrick Whitehead. "Social Support, Identity, and Meaning: A Phenomenological Analysis of Post-Concussion Syndrome." In Neurosurgery [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95541.
Full textAbstract:
After a traumatic blow to the head, it is common to experience difficulty focusing, disorientation, dizziness, nausea, sensitivity to light and sound, and often loss of consciousness. These symptoms often persist for several weeks following the concussion before diminishing completely. Post-concussion syndrome (PCS) refers to the persistence of concussion symptoms beyond the normal two-week window. For some, symptoms can continue for several months to several years, even further manifesting into depression, anxiety, and substance abuse in time. Though the American Psychiatric Association’s (APA) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) has continued to grow with each new version, PCS has not been included in its most recent iteration. An acquired brain injury rehabilitation specialist can be recommended for TBI, and a clinical psychologist or psychiatrist can be recommended for Acute Stress Disorder. The authors commend this reclassification because it recognizes that brain injuries are to be studied by neurologists and other medical specialists while transformations to one’s existence are to be studied by psychologists. Nevertheless, while the present analysis aims at PCS in the latter (psychological) sense, it is worth mentioning that acquired brain injury (ABI) specialists have found it appropriate and even necessary to adopt an existential-phenomenological perspectives to more fully conceptualize this phenomenon. This study utilized the Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) and arranged case studies with three athletes who had been forced to retire from sport due to major TBI’s and prolonged PCS. Authors identified common themes across each interview and used free imaginative variation to describe the dimensions of the PCS experience. Specifically, the way participants were able to cope with the loss of identity and meaning after sport, as well as their perceived level of social support in the aftermath of TBI and PCS, played major roles in ameliorating and/or exacerbating both somatic and psychological difficulties associated with TBI and PCS.