Academic literature on the topic 'Post wartime experiences'
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Journal articles on the topic "Post wartime experiences"
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Eichhorn, S., N. Stammel, H. Glaesmer, et al. "Readiness to reconcile and post-traumatic distress in German survivors of wartime rapes in 1945." International Psychogeriatrics 27, no. 5 (2015): 857–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610214002695.
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ABSTRACTBackground:Sexual violence and wartime rapes are prevalent crimes in violent conflicts all over the world. Processes of reconciliation are growing challenges in post-conflict settings. Despite this, so far few studies have examined the psychological consequences and their mediating factors. Our study aimed at investigating the degree of longtime readiness to reconcile and its associations with post-traumatic distress within a sample of German women who experienced wartime rapes in 1945.Methods:A total of 23 wartime rape survivors were compared to age- and gender-matched controls with WWII-related non-sexual traumatic experiences. Readiness to reconcile was assessed with the Readiness to Reconcile Inventory (RRI-13). The German version of the Post-traumatic Diagnostic Scale (PDS) was used to assess post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology.Results:Readiness to reconcile in wartime rape survivors was higher in those women who reported less post-traumatic distress, whereas the subscale “openness to interaction” showed the strongest association with post-traumatic symptomatology. Moreover, wartime rape survivors reported fewer feelings of revenge than women who experienced other traumatization in WWII.Conclusions:Our results are in line with previous research, indicating that readiness to reconcile impacts healing processes in the context of conflict-related traumatic experiences. Based on the long-lasting post-traumatic symptomatology we observed that our findings highlight the need for psychological treatment of wartime rape survivors worldwide, whereas future research should continue focusing on reconciliation within the therapeutic process.
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SIXSMITH, JUDITH, ANDREW SIXSMITH, MATTHEW CALLENDER, and SUSAN CORR. "Wartime experiences and their implications for the everyday lives of older people." Ageing and Society 34, no. 9 (2013): 1457–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x13000214.
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ABSTRACTPast research has documented the influences that ‘traumatic’ memories of war have on older people's mental health (e.g. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder). However, fewer studies have explored the longer-term implications of wartime experiences for older men and women's everyday lives. This article explores the impact of Second World War experiences on older men and women living in the United Kingdom (UK), to provide an insight into how such experiences influence how they construct their daily lives. Forty UK-based participants born between 1914 and 1923 were interviewed as part of the ENABLE-AGE project that was undertaken in five European countries. The key concepts underpinning the interview schedule were: home, independence, participation, health and wellbeing, and societal supports. The data were analysed using a grounded theory approach. Participants emphasised how wartime experiences continue to hold significance within their lives and settings some 60 years later. Seven themes emerged from the analysis. Four of these reflect the way wartime experiences remain important influences on participants' present-day social worlds: comradeship, storytelling about the war, community and alienation, and long-term physical effects. A further three themes reflect how skills and personal characteristics defined by wartime experiences are embedded in the way many older people continue to negotiate and structure their practical lives: managing, resilience and adaptability, and independence.
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Aragon, Lorraine V. "“Japanese Time” and the Mica Mine: Occupation Experiences in the Central Sulawesi Highlands." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 27, no. 1 (1996): 49–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463400010675.
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During World War II, Japanese soldiers forced highlanders in western Central Sulawesi to operate a mica mine. Questions about the mine's purpose are clarified by examining mica's strategic uses for wartime electronics. Accounts of the occupation by highlanders contribute to understanding changes in their post-war religious and ethnic identities.
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Kirschenbaum, Lisa A., and Nancy M. Wingfield. "Gender and the Construction of Wartime Heroism in Czechoslovakia and the Soviet Union." European History Quarterly 39, no. 3 (2009): 465–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265691409105062.
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During World War II, the Soviet media featured both male and female military heroes as part of an effort to mobilize the entire nation for the protection of hearth and home. The wartime hero cults inspired post-war commemoration in both the Soviet Union and in countries it `liberated' from Nazism. However, no single Communist/Soviet model of commemoration and heroism was imposed on post-World War II Eastern Europe. The relative lack of female heroes constituted one of the most striking differences between the `cults' of the war in the Soviet Union and Czechoslovakia. The difference can be explained in part as a consequence of the very different Soviet and Czechoslovak wartime experiences. The absence of female heroes also points to post-war differences in how the two states' leaders understood and employed the legitimizing potential of the war. These differences in turn shaped the post-Communist fate of hero cults in both countries.
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Gemie, Sharif, and Louise Rees. "Representing and Reconstructing Identities in the Postwar World: Refugees, UNRRA, and Fred Zinnemann's Film,The Search(1948)." International Review of Social History 56, no. 3 (2011): 441–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859011000198.
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SummaryThis article analyses Fred Zinnemann's 1948 film,The Search, setting in the context of displaced persons in post-1945 Europe. We concentrate on Zinnemann's treatment of the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA), arguing that this is central to the film. We also consider the film's references to Americanism, Zionism, gender equality, and children's wartime experiences.
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Krell, Robert. "Child Survivors of the Holocaust — Strategies of Adaptation." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 38, no. 6 (1993): 384–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674379303800603.
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Child survivors have only recently been recognized as a developmentally distinct group with psychological experiences different from older survivors. The wartime circumstances of Nazi persecution caused enforced separation from family and friends, and all the survivors experienced persecution in the form of physical and emotional abuse, starvation and degradation, and were witnesses to cruelty. This paper is based on information from interviews and therapy with 25 child survivors, the majority of whom were not patients. Coping strategies are discussed in terms of their survival value in wartime and post-war adaptive value. Three themes which reverberate throughout the lives of child survivors, now adults, are discussed in greater detail: bereavement, memory and intellect. The fact that the majority of child survivors live normal and creative lives provides an opportunity to learn what factors have served them over 40 years, to provide the resilience and strength to cope after such a shattering beginning.
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YOSHITOME, Atsuko, and Kaori YOSHIOKA. "Home-Birth Experiences on Wartime and Post-War Kakeroma Island and Traditional Midwives Called “Toriage Basan”." JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL MEDICINE 59, no. 1 (2010): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2185/jjrm.59.29.
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ÖSTLING, JOHAN. "Swedish Narratives of the Second World War: A European Perspective." Contemporary European History 17, no. 2 (2008): 197–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777308004372.
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AbstractThis paper outlines the dominant post-war narratives of the Second World War in Europe. Drawing from the expanding fields of memory and history, a general pattern in the European interpretations of the war years emerges: whereas the experiences and recollections of the war were narrated within a patriotic framework until the 1980s, a significant shift towards a universalistic interpretation has occurred in the last two decades. Although Sweden's wartime experiences differed profoundly from most other similar countries, it is argued that the transformation of Swedish narratives of the Second World War reflected general European tendencies after 1945. Special attention is paid to the emergence in the 1990s of a universalistic understanding of the war, and how this change interplayed with a more general criticism of the foundations of post-war Swedish society.
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HOLIAN, ANNA. "Displacement and the Post-war Reconstruction of Education: Displaced Persons at the UNRRA University of Munich, 1945–1948." Contemporary European History 17, no. 2 (2008): 167–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777308004360.
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AbstractIn the first years after the Second World War, Munich was home to a unique institution, the UNRRA University. Created by and for Europe's displaced persons, the university was defined as a new kind of educational institution, dedicated to the cause of reviving humanism and promoting internationalism. By virtue of their experiences of occupation, persecution and dislocation, the university argued, displaced persons were uniquely qualified to spearhead the post-war reconstruction of education and culture. This article traces the social and intellectual history of the UNRRA University. It examines the university's ideas on nationalism and internationalism, the reconstruction of higher education and the role of the intellectual in the post-war world. It argues that while much of the literature on displaced persons has focused on national communities, wartime and post-war displacement also gave rise to new transnational solidarities and imaginaries among the displaced.
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Friedla, Katharina. "‘From Nazi Inferno to Soviet Hell’: Polish-Jewish children and youth and their trajectories of survival during and after World War II." Journal of Modern European History 19, no. 3 (2021): 274–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16118944211017748.
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This article relates the experiences of Polish-Jewish children, born or raised in Germany, who survived the war in the Soviet hinterland, and validates that their traumatic wartime experiences had long-lasting consequences. Over the course of the years 1938 to 1945, as well as throughout the post-war decade, this group of children survived several fundamental, political transformations, which deeply affected and irrevocably changed their lives. These caesuras thrust them through a triad of transitions: as young deportees and refugees they ceased to be children; they were moved forcibly from one country to another; and the emotional pain and trauma they experienced during forced migrations. All of these children were refugees three or more times over: expelled from Germany to Poland, deported or sent to the interior of the Soviet Union, ‘repatriated’ from the USSR to Poland, they fled to Displaced Persons camps in Germany or Austria, and finally emigrated to Western countries. These extremely personal accounts of Polish-Jewish children experiences not only open a window into the past and help us to better understand the special plight of child victims and survivors, but they also allow us to reflect more deeply, thoughtfully, and comprehensively on the present-day issues of forced migration, displacement, and refugee crises.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Post wartime experiences"
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Bennett, Pamela Diane. "Sometimes Freedom Wears a Woman's Face: American Indian Women Veterans of World War II." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/222846.
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American Indian women veterans of World War II are the least known group of World War II military veterans. With an estimated wartime enlistment of eight-hundred, these women have not received the academic attention they deserve and very little information on their lives and military experiences has been available. This project addresses this disparity by focusing on certain key questions. What early life experiences influenced these Native women to enlist in the military? Did their experiences affect their adjustment to military life? What were their duty assignments and stations and how did their military experiences influence their life choices in the years after the war? In other words, did their military experiences contribute to or influence their commitment to their communities and to the greater good for indigenous peoples? Equally as important, how did their feelings about the war change over time? What emphasis did they place on their military service? What common themes emerge among these women and do their experiences reflect or differ from those of their Native male counterparts and of other military women during World War II? These questions are approached through an oral history format utilizing quantitative and qualitative methods and theories of collective memory. This project also explores the issue of Native and tribal identities as they influenced these veterans in their decisions regarding military enlistment and community service.
Books on the topic "Post wartime experiences"
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Singh, Gohil Neha, ed. Civil rights in wartime: The post-9/11 Sikh experience. Ashgate Pub., 2009.
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Sidhu, Dawinder S. Civil rights in wartime: The post-9/11 Sikh experience. Ashgate, 2009.
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Sidhu, Dawinder S. Civil rights in wartime: The post-9/11 Sikh experience. Ashgate Pub., 2009.
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Post-war Japan as a sea power: Imperial legacy, wartime experience and the making of a navy. Bloomsbury Academic, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2015.
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Woods, Philip. What Happened to the Correspondents after the Burma Retreat? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190657772.003.0011.
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The epilogue looks at what happened to the correspondents after the Burma retreat, raising questions about the cost, both physical and psychological of war reporting. It argues that some of the correspondents, such as George Rodger and Jack Belden, may have suffered from what today would be described as post-traumatic stress. Many of the correspondents, such as Belden, Wilfred Burchett and Leland Stowe, seem to have been politically radicalized by their wartime experiences. The conclusion evaluates the contributions of the correspondents and argues that, despite the constraints they faced, and the shortcuts they sometimes took in response to those constraints, their work is a valuable and under-used historical resource.
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Simons, Margaret A. Introduction. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036941.003.0001.
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This introductory chapter provides an overview of Simone de Beauvoir's post-World War II political engagement. The key to Beauvoir's post-World War II political engagement is, of course, her experience of the war itself—an experience recounted in her Wartime Diary (2009) and in The Blood of Others (1945), a novel set in the French Resistance and written during the Nazi Occupation. Although Beauvoir escaped the worst horrors of the war—on the front lines or in the concentration camps—she lost friends murdered by the Nazis and found her own life profoundly changed. Indeed, the Occupation that began in June 1940 confronted her with the realization that freedom, which she had assumed to be a metaphysical given, was contingent upon an economic and political situation that she had previously ignored.
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Huddie, Paul. The Crimean War and Irish Society. Liverpool University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5949/liverpool/9781781382547.001.0001.
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The book is essentially a ‘home front’ study of Ireland during the Crimean War, or more specifically Irish society’s responses to that conflict. It complements the existing research on Irish servicemen’s experiences during and after the campaign, and also substantially develops the limited work already undertaken on Irish society and the conflict. It primarily encompasses the years of the conflict, from its origins in the 1853 dispute between Russia and the Ottoman Empire over the Holy Places, through the French and British political and later military interventions in 1854-5, to the victory, peace and homecoming celebrations in 1856. Additionally, it extends into the preceding and succeeding decades in order to contextualise the events and actors of the wartime years and to present and analyse the commemoration and memorialisation processes. The approach of the study is systematic with the content being correlated under six convenient and coherent themes, which are analysed through a chronological process. The book covers all of the major aspects of society and life in Ireland during the period, so as to give the most complete analysis of the various impacts of and people’s responses to the war. This study is also conducted, within the broader contexts not only of the responses of the United Kingdom and broader British Empire but also Ireland’s relationship with those political entities, and within Ireland’s post-Famine or mid-Victorian and even wider nineteenth-century history.
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Noakes, Lucy, Claire Langhamer, and Claudia Siebrecht, eds. Total War. British Academy, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197266663.001.0001.
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War is often lived through and remembered as a time of heightened emotional intensity. This edited collection places the emotions of war centre stage. It explores emotional responses in particular wartime locations, maps national and transnational emotional cultures, and proposes new ways of deploying emotion as an analytical device. Whilst grief and fear are among the emotions most immediately associated with the rhetoric, experience, and memory of war, this collection suggests that feelings such as love, shame, pride, jealousy, anger, and resentment also merit attention. This book explores the status and uses of emotion as a category of historical and contemporaneous analysis. It goes beyond the cataloguing of discrete feelings to consider the use of emotion to understand the past. It considers the emotional agency of historical actors and the contexts, modes, and time frames in which they communicated their feelings. Wartime provides a dynamic context for thinking through the possibilities and limitations of the emotional approach. This collection provides case studies that explain how emotional registers respond to world events. These range from First World War Germany, interwar France, and Second World War Britain to the Greek Civil War and to the post-war world. Several chapters trace the emotional legacy of war across different conflicts and to the present day: they show how past, present, and possible futures intersect in the emotions of a moment. They also reveal links between the intimate, the national, and the international, between interiority and sociality, and between conflict and its aftermath.
Book chapters on the topic "Post wartime experiences"
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Lucey, Seán. "On the brink of universalism: the Emergency Hospital Services in Second World War Northern Ireland." In Medicine, Health and Irish Experiences of Conflict, 1914-45. Manchester University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719097850.003.0012.
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This chapter examines the medical responses to the outbreak of the Second World War in Northern Ireland with an emphasis on Belfast. It focuses on the emergence of the Emergency Medical Service (EMS), established throughout the United Kingdom in response to the anticipation of likely air-raid casualties. Pre- Second World War hospital services in Belfast were piecemeal, lacking integration and provided by varying independent bodies including voluntary, municipal and poor law authorities. This chapter argues that the EMS brought a degree of integration previously unknown in Northern Irish health organisation and administration. This new found integration of war time medical services greatly influenced the ‘post war reconstruction’ and ‘planning’ of health. The chapter examines Northern Irish contexts and suggests that Irish and Northern Irish health care systems began to dramatically diverge during wartime. It also examines the relationship between Belfast and London’s Ministry of Health, and the challenges of devolved healthcare. In addition, the chapter examines the public health responses to the 1941 Belfast Blitz, and the overall effectiveness of wartime health services.
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Broomall, James J. "Conclusion." In Private Confederacies. University of North Carolina Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469651989.003.0008.
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The evidence of period diaries contrasted with post-war writings shows that Confederate veterans’ attempts at emotional expression were vastly altered by their wartime experiences. The public face of the Civil War became increasingly sanitized and reductive, while the privately expressed emotions became at once masked by public heroism and confused by private doubts and sadness.
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Lomas, Daniel W. B. "Wartime apprenticeship: Labour and intelligence during the Second World War." In Intelligence, Security and the Attlee Governments, 1945-51. Manchester University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719099144.003.0002.
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Chapter One examines Labour involvement in the wartime Coalition government and Ministerial access to and use of intelligence. It argues that the Second World War provided an important opportunity for future Ministers in the post-war government to gain knowledge and experience of handling and using intelligence. Within months of the coalition’s formation, Labour Ministers had access to the fruits of British codebreaking. Further, the chapter also suggests that this experience ended any lingering animosity that resulted from the Zinoviev Letter Affair. The chapter places particular emphasis on Attlee’s wartime experiences and provides examples of his use of intelligence and early views on it. It also looks at Labour involvement with the Special Operations Executive (SOE) and Party attempts to add an ideological facet to British special operations in Europe under Hugh Dalton, Minister of Economic Warfare until 1942. Beyond intelligence and special operations, Labour involvement with intelligence and security extended to the domestic front with Herbert Morrison, appointed Home Secretary in November 1940. Already a fierce opponent of British Communists, he received the product of MI5’s surveillance of the Communist Party of Great Britain and provided the Cabinet with information warning of Communist espionage.
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Matthews, Heidi. "Redeeming Rape." In The New Histories of International Criminal Law. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829638.003.0006.
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Since the 1990s, feminist activists committed to the policy project of addressing wartime sexual violence through international criminal prosecution have deployed a specific historical narrative about the failure of international law to adequately punish sexual crimes perpetrated by Allied forces at the end of the Second World War. This ‘feminist failure narrative’ (FFN), however, can be contested on historical and normative grounds. Instead of being silenced throughout the post-war period, German women’s experiences of wartime sexual violence were in fact mobilized by both East and West German state-building projects that, in part, sought to minimize ordinary German complicity in the horrors of the war by emphasizing German suffering. Often, women had a vested interest in participating in the construction of these new nationalist stories. I argue that in foregrounding female sexual victimization the FFN depoliticizes women’s wartime agency, thereby dangerously shifting our gaze away from the politics of war.
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Graffin, Seán. "Hope and experience: nurses from Belfast hospitals in the First World War." In Medicine, Health and Irish Experiences of Conflict, 1914-45. Manchester University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719097850.003.0010.
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Irish women provided significant support to the Allied forces during the First World War. 4,500 Irish nurses offered medical care and support to British and Allied troops, serving in war hospitals on foreign battlefields and across Britain and Ireland. This chapter investigates the role of Belfast’s three major hospitals in caring for war casualties. It focuses on the nurses engaged in providing care and the broader impact of nursing shortages on hospital work, significantly advancing understandings of twentieth-century Irish nursing. Drawing upon a diverse range of primary sources, the chapter traces the nurses’ social origins, religious backgrounds, motivations for enlisting, experiences of providing care and post-conflict careers. Uniquely, the chapter also offers a detailed account of the defining characteristics of the hospitals that provided care for war causalities, how their new wartime functions impacted on their administrative and practical running and also how war work shaped the future careers of the staff employed there.
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Meyer, Jessica. "Conclusion." In An Equal Burden. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198824169.003.0006.
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This chapter summarizes the arguments made in the previous chapters, relating the points that they make to the representation of the Royal Army Medical Corps in the aftermath of the war. It further considers what information is known about the post-war activities of some of the men whose personal narratives have been discussed in the text, to reflect on the effect of the war on individual men’s constructions of subjective masculine identity over time. In doing so, it argues that the multiple masculinity that existed in wartime society was evident across a range of wartime service, complicating and nuancing historians’ understandings of gender relationships in the period. Exploring such relationships in detail, it contends, enables us to more fully understand the work and experiences of a previously underexamined but significant category of First World War British servicemen.
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Maree, Claire. "Heave-ho." In queerqueen. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190869618.003.0007.
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Chapter 6 examines nostalgia and dissent as contradictory companions to queerqueen excess. It provides a critical analysis of Miwa Akihiro’s performances at the annual New Year’s Eve songfest (NHK) in the context of post-3/11 Japan. A queer icon and renowned chanson artist performing since the 1950s, Miwa is said to experience his sixth media “boom” following his songfest performance in 2012. This “boom” is contingent on a strategical recontextualization of Miwa’s philosophy of aesthetics, which is informed by his wartime experiences and the atomic bombing of his hometown of Nagasaki. Nostalgic invocation of motherly love and a visual distancing from his television persona enables a performance of dissent. The performative voice of the iconic “original” queerqueen is distanced from heteronormative imaginations of queer excess and from the ongoing post-3/11 nuclear crisis. Recontextualized, the queerqueen voice is mobilized in a call for a return to the “normality” of pre-crisis familiarity.
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Walsh, Fionnuala. "‘The future welfare of the Empire will depend more largely on our women and girls’: Southern Loyalist Women and the British War Effort in Ireland, 1914–1922." In Southern Irish Loyalism, 1912-1949. Liverpool University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789621846.003.0007.
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This chapter examines the participation of Irish women in the war effort during the First World War, exploring the role of war service as an outlet and focus for southern loyalist identity. It analyses the motivations behind women’s war service and the relationship between religion and loyalism, examining for instance the wartime actions of Anglican organisations such as the Mothers’ Union and Girls Friendly Society, together with the partitionist arrangement of war work. The chapter subsequently discusses the post-war experience of southern loyalist women during the War of Independence and Civil War. Drawing upon applications to the Irish Grants Committee, it explores women’s everyday experiences of trauma during the political upheaval and the links between service in the Great War and isolation and intimidation in the war’s aftermath.
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Ellis, William E. "World War I." In Irvin S. Cobb. University Press of Kentucky, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813173986.003.0006.
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Chapter 5 picks up at the start of World War I and details the importance of the press. Cobb was shipped off to Europe to be a foreign correspondent for the Saturday Evening Post. Ellis follows Cobb’s experiences and adventures as a wartime reporter in Europe. Cobb’s reputation for observation and reporting grew while overseas. Upon his return to the United States, Cobb continued to write about his time in Europe and the war’s impact on him. The chapter concludes with a lecture tour Cobb undertook, including the honor of being celebrated in his hometown by old friends and neighbors.
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Turnaoğlu, Banu. "Ottoman Political Thought during World War I." In The Formation of Turkish Republicanism. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691172743.003.0008.
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This chapter explores how World War I brought about deep changes in Ottoman social, political, and intellectual life. International comparative studies and Turkish historiography, however, have neglected the intellectual heritage of the four long years. It has been widely assumed that no significant intellectual work was produced during World War I, as the Empire struggled for life and was preoccupied with its own survival, and that modern Turkish culture, national identity, and political ideology were shaped merely within the post-1923 context. The chapter shows how wartime experiences, expressed in propaganda works and political decisions, altered the ways in which Ottoman political leaders and intellectuals saw their state, society, and politics.