Relevant bibliographies by topics / Posted workers

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Posted workers'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 April 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Posted workers"

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Lhernould, Jean-Philippe, and Barbara Palli. "Posted workers remuneration." Maastricht Journal of European and Comparative Law 24, no. 1 (February 2017): 108–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1023263x17693197.

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Lefebvre, Bruno. "Posted workers in France." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 12, no. 2 (May 2006): 197–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425890601200207.

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This contribution presents ongoing research that sets out to assess for the first time the situation of the foreign workers, from Europe and beyond, who work in France, in various economic sectors, as a result of the operation of networks of subcontractors. It appears that neither the legal framework nor the obligations of the foreign firms employing these workers are clear, in terms either of relations with government departments or of the legal arguments that may legitimately be invoked for the settlement of disputes. Trade unions, citizens' associations, locally elected officials and civil servants alike are strikingly ill-prepared to deal with this new phenomenon of the movement of workers in Europe.
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Piir, Ragne. "Safeguarding the posted worker. A private international law perspective." European Labour Law Journal 10, no. 2 (June 2019): 101–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2031952519852112.

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This article examines the protection measures and the law applicable to posted workers. As a general rule, the Rome I Regulation designates the law to be applied to transnational individual employment contracts. In the context of postings, however, this is supplemented by certain safeguards foreseen in the Posting of Workers Directive. This paper analyses the interrelationship between the core set of employment terms as regulated in the Directive and the conflict-of-law rules for employment contracts in the Rome I Regulation. The article takes a critical look at the key problems in the legal regime applicable to posted workers under the Directive and its 2018 amendment. Special attention is first given to the question of determining the habitual workplace of a posted worker, then to the temporary nature of postings, and subsequently to the question of remuneration guaranteed to posted workers. The legal nature of national transposing measures of the Directive and national provisions entailing the core set of employment terms will also be analysed in order to explicate the interface of the two instruments. The paper will subsequently examine the application of the preferential approach.
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Pallini, Massimo. "Posted workers: Italian regulation and dilemmas." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 12, no. 2 (May 2006): 272–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425890601200212.

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Berntsen, Lisa. "Precarious Posted Worlds: Posted Migrant Workers in the Dutch Construction and Meat Processing Industries." International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 31, Issue 4 (December 1, 2015): 371–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2015021.

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The posting of migrant workers has become an important employment channel for cross-border employment within the European Union (EU). Although posted workers are not formally excluded from labour rights, regulations are enacted in such a way that de facto they often are, as posted workers face many irregularities in their employment relations, while receiving hardly any protection from established representation and law enforcement authorities. Drawing on qualitative interview research in the Dutch construction and meat processing sector, this article shows how posted employment creates socio-economic precariousness for the workers involved. Although migrants in the meat sector have more opportunities to fight the exclusionary effects of posted employment because they usually reside for longer periods in the Netherlands than the more mobile migrants in construction, both groups of workers experience similar social and economic vulnerabilities, and a lack of protection mechanisms to change their precarious position.
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Kurowski, Witold. "Wpływ nowelizacji dyrektywy 96/71/WE Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady z dnia 16 grudnia 1996 r. dotyczącej delegowania pracowników w ramach świadczenia usług na statut stosunku pracy." Problemy Prawa Prywatnego Międzynarodowego 27 (December 29, 2020): 283–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/pppm.2020.27.10.

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The Directive (EU) 2018/957 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 June 2018 introduced several changes to the Directive 96/71/EC on the posting of workers in the framework of the provision of services, affecting the posted worker’s employment relationships directly. Article 3(1) of the Directive 96/71/EC requires that an employer has to guarantee his workers posted to the Member State, the terms and conditions of employment, in matters listed in it, resulting from the law where the work is carried out, regardless of the law applicable to employment relationships. First of all, the Directive (EU) 2018/957 introduced the new concept of “remuneration” paid to the posted workers. Secondly, it extended the list of mattes in article 3(1) by adding point (h) — “the conditions of workers’ accommodation where provided by the employer to workers away from their regular place of work” and point (i) — “allowances or reimbursement of expenditure to cover travel, board and lodging expenses for workers away from home for professional reasons.” Finally, the Directive (EU) 2018/957 established the posting period, not clearly defined before, which should not last longer than 12 months (18 months when the service provider submits a motivated notification).This paper analyses the main changes introduced by the Directive (EU) 2018/957 amending the Directive 96/71/EC in the employment relationship field.
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ZAHN, Rebecca. "Revision of the Posted Workers Directive: A Europeanisation Perspective." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 19 (August 9, 2017): 187–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cel.2017.5.

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AbstractThis article places the current legal framework governing posted work within the debate on ‘Europeanisation’ in order to assess to what extent the Posted Workers Directive may be seen as a successful tool to ‘Europeanise’ national labour law systems as assessed against its dual objectives of promoting the transnational provision of services while also guaranteeing respect for the rights of workers. In doing so, the article contextualises and analyses the Posted Workers Directive which allows for the identification of remaining gaps in protection. The article concludes with an assessment of the European Commission’s most recent proposal to amend the Directive.
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Meier, Volker. "ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF THE POSTED WORKERS DIRECTIVE." Metroeconomica 55, no. 4 (November 2004): 409–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-999x.2004.00200.x.

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Krasauskas, Rytis, and Ingrida Mačernytė-Panomariovienė. "Internal Migration of Workers in the European Union: Legal Aspects of Lithuania’s Experience in Transposing the Posting of Workers Directive." Baltic Journal of Law & Politics 14, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 153–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjlp-2021-0007.

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Abstract Freedom to provide services and free movement of workers are linked to the processes of permanent intra-EU migration, which are regulated, inter alia, by the national legislation implementing PWD. Consequently, the posting of workers within EU is not only part of the work organization process, but also part of a wider phenomenon of internal migration of workers. Accordingly, posted workers are to be considered as internal labour migrants. The regulation of the posting of workers must consider the legitimate interest of Member States in protecting their markets from social dumping as well as ensure minimum guarantees for posted workers. These circumstances presuppose changes in the regulation of the posting of workers. This article identifies four stages in the transposition of PWD into Lithuanian national law that are causally related to changes in European legislation and Lithuanian labour law reform as of 2017. It presents the legal assessment of national legal regulation and case law, identifying the related legal problems. The article pays special attention to the legal regulation of the remuneration of a posted worker, established by PWD (Directive 96/71/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on 16 December 1996 concerning the posting of workers in the framework of the provision of services (Official Journal (EU), 2004, no. L 18) [Directive 96/71/EC], with the amendments introduced by Directive 2014/67/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council from 15 May 2014 on the enforcement of Directive 96/71/EC concerning the posting of workers in the framework of the provision of services and amending Revision 4 of the EU Posting of Workers Directive Regulation (EU) No 1024/2012 on administrative cooperation through the Internal Market Information System (‘the IMI Regulation’) (Official Journal (EU), 2014, no. L 159) [Directive 2014/67/EU] and Directive 2018/957/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on June 2018 amending Directive 96/71/EC concerning the posting of workers in the framework of the provision of services (Official Journal (EU), 2018, no. L 173) [Directive 2018/957/EU]). It also explains the impact on the regulation of employment relations for posted workers in Lithuania stemming from Directive 2019/1152 on transparent and predictable working conditions in the EU.
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Kurowski, Witold. "Glosa do wyroku Trybunału Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej z dnia 12 lutego 2015 r. w sprawie Sähköalojen ammattiliitto ry c/a Elektrobudowa Spółka Akcyjna (C‑396/13)." Problemy Prawa Prywatnego Międzynarodowego 24 (June 30, 2019): 191–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/pppm.2019.24.08.

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This paper aims to comment an important ruling concerning the Posted Workers Directive (Directive 96/71/EC). In the judgement C-396/13 (Sähköalojen ammattiliitto ry v. Elektrobudowa Spółka Akcyjna), the European Court of Justice providedits pro-worker’s interpretation of Art 3 of Directive 96/71/EC concerning the scope of the "minimum pay rate". The second issue raised by the European Court of Justice was the assignability of pay claims governed by Polish law based on Art 14 (2) of Rome I Regulation and prohibited under that law. In commented judgement, the Court admitted the assignment of claims arising from employment relationships in light of article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and accepted the trade union’s right to represent the posted workers.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Posted workers"

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Eklund, Linus. "Utstationering av arbetstagare - en studie om utstationerade arbetstagares arbetsmiljösituation inom byggbranschen." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-41447.

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Swedens membership in the European Union have resulted in an international characterized labour market. The construction sector is the area who employs most posted workers among the 7400 employees who monthly enters the market. It’s also the sector where a big part of the work-related deaths occurs. The purpose of this study is therefore to contribute to a greater understanding of the regulation regarding posted workers, their work environment and the consequences of it. I have been using the right dogmatic method and a social science perspective as complement in order to answer the purpose of the study. The application of the posted workers directive has been criticized for opening opportunities for false self-employment and limiting the trade unions rights. Combined with the Laval-case the trade unions have restricted possibilities to enforce the collective agreements and protect the posted workers rights. Subcontracting processes complicates the investigation regarding which employer who has the overall responsibility for safety regulations and work environment. Foreign workers tend to be a big part in these subcontractor chains with major linguistic difficulties and lack of legislation knowledge which increases the risk of accidents. Arbetsmiljöverket is the authority who has the general responsibility for monitoring that the health and safety legislation are respected by all employers. Their investigations are partially based on the statistics of work-related accidents. But when it comes to foreign workers only more serious accidents are reported to the authority. Which means that minor incidents regarding foreign workers never reaches the statistics.          In summary, conclusion is drawn that the inspection of posted workers working environment are unsatisfied. The hands of the trade unions are tied by the legislation while the inspections by the monitoring authority are based on inadequate statistics. All that combine with the fact that posted workers tend to be unwilling or lack the knowledge to take action for their rights, leads to openings for employers to take advantage of foreign workers.
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Franzén, Robert. "Lönekartläggning och handlingsplan : - en undersökning om det aktiva arbetet för jämställda löner." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-41453.

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Swedens membership in the European Union have resulted in an international characterized labour market. The construction sector is the area who employs most posted workers among the 7400 employees who monthly enters the market. It’s also the sector where a big part of the work-related deaths occurs. The purpose of this study is therefore to contribute to a greater understanding of the regulation regarding posted workers, their work environment and the consequences of it. I have been using the right dogmatic method and a social science perspective as complement in order to answer the purpose of the study. The application of the posted workers directive has been criticized for opening opportunities for false self-employment and limiting the trade unions rights. Combined with the Laval-case the trade unions have restricted possibilities to enforce the collective agreements and protect the posted workers rights. Subcontracting processes complicates the investigation regarding which employer who has the overall responsibility for safety regulations and work environment. Foreign workers tend to be a big part in these subcontractor chains with major linguistic difficulties and lack of legislation knowledge which increases the risk of accidents. Arbetsmiljöverket is the authority who has the general responsibility for monitoring that the health and safety legislation are respected by all employers. Their investigations are partially based on the statistics of work-related accidents. But when it comes to foreign workers only more serious accidents are reported to the authority. Which means that minor incidents regarding foreign workers never reaches the statistics. In summary, conclusion is drawn that the inspection of posted workers working environment are unsatisfied. The hands of the trade unions are tied by the legislation while the inspections by the monitoring authority are based on inadequate statistics. All that combine with the fact that posted workers tend to be unwilling or lack the knowledge to take action for their rights, leads to openings for employers to take advantage of foreign workers.
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Ripley, Stefanie. "Finding balance between the competing interests of national and European Union law and economic and social policies through the posted workers directive." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2014. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/finding-balance-between-the-competing-interests-of-national-and-european-union-law-and-economic-and-social-policies-through-the-posted-workers-directive(725b079b-c825-4675-acc4-d5c20f36e754).html.

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The objective and purpose of this PhD is to provide pragmatic solutions to the Posted Workers Directive 96/71/EC.1 This European Union legislation is designed to govern a unique category of worker that moves throughout the internal market temporarily under the provision of services. The Directive was created to protect workers’ rights, combat social dumping by ensuring a climate of fair competition and promote the transnational provision of services. In practice, it has failed to fulfil its objectives, as seen by the Laval Triplet.2 Therefore, following a thorough analysis of the issues that are intrinsic to the Directive itself and also highlight wider issues such as the competing interests of the internal market and national labour law as well as the conflicting economic and social policy interests, this thesis will provide legislative solutions which will constitute the requisite original contribution to knowledge. The thesis is composed of five parts, beginning with the Introduction and ending with the Conclusions. The central Chapters follow the chronological order of the Directive’s story as follows: Chapter 1 details why and how the Directive was created including an analysis of the early case law; Chapter 2 analyses the issues associated with the Directive and it offers an original critique of the Court’s interpretation of the Directive; and Chapter 3 reviews the solutions that have already been suggested by the EU Institutions, the European Social Partners and the academic literature before providing my own input to the field. The form of methodology adopted throughout is therefore doctrinal.
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Dib, Abdelhafid. "Mobilité internationale des travailleurs salariés en droit français et en droit algérien : étude comparative." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTD054.

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La mobilité internationale des travailleurs est perçue comme un facteur de développement pour les États, qu’ils soient d’origine ou d’accueil. Elle est la solution aux carences de compétences et de mains d’œuvres, elle constitue un facteur de transfert et d’acquisition du savoir-faire et de technologie pour les États de même que pour les travailleurs. Cependant, la mobilité internationale des travailleurs révèle un cadre juridique complexe, puisque d’un côté elle est liée à certains droits fondamentaux qui impliquent forcément des conséquences, et d’un autre côté l’usage inapproprié de ses qualifiants prête à la confusion entre les différentes formes de cette mobilité. Toutefois, sa mise en œuvre ne reste pas sans conséquences puisqu’elle implique des effets mitigés pour les trois principaux acteurs : les États, les entreprises et les travailleurs. C’est ce que cette étude propose d’illustrer
The international mobility of workers is seen as a states development factor, whether it is their home or host. It is an answer to skills deficiencies and labor work. It is an acquisition and transfer factor of knowledge and technology for States and their workforce.However, international mobility reveals a complex legal framework, since on the one hand, it is linked a certain fundamental rights witch necessarily involve consequences, and on the other hand, inappropriate uses of his qualifying it leads to confusion between the different forms of mobility. However, its implementation is not without consequences since it involves mixed effects for the three principal actors: States, companies and workers. That is what this study will illustrate
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Scocco, Therese. "Transnationellt arbete och arbetsmiljöreglering : En studie av EU:s påverkan på den svenska arbetsmiljöregleringen och det nationella manöverutrymmet utifrån fallet med utstationerade arbetare i byggbranschen 1994–2018." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Ekonomisk-historiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-354160.

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Since Sweden joined the European labor market there has been an increase of posted workers, primarily in the construction industry. The aim of this thesis is to study how the EU has affected the Swedish health and safety regulation in the case of posted workers in the construction industry and what room for maneuver there was on the government agency level in the application of the EU-regulations, during the period of 1994–2018. Three research questions are examined: 1) How has the number of posted workers in the construction industry changed? 2) How has the work environment for the posted workers in the construction industry developed? and 3) How has the Swedish Work Environment Authority ap-plied the work environment regulation for posted workers in the construction industry? The results show that there are major gaps in the statistics and enforcement. Most alarmingly, while the posted workers’ share of employment, according to public records, at its highest is around 2 percent, in 2018, their share (together with unregistered foreign workers) of the death accidents in 2008–2017 is much higher, at 14 percent. The EU has weakened the regulation but there have also been hindrances on the national level.
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Dumont, Hicaubert Léa. "La conciliation entre la protection des droits des travailleurs et la promotion des libertés économiques. Le cas du détachement de travailleurs dans le cadre d’une prestation de services." Thesis, Pau, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PAUU2072.

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L’étude de la question de la conciliation entre protection des droits des travailleurs et promotion des libertés économiques dans le cadre du détachement de travailleurs montre que, l’Union européenne étant fondée sur la promotion des libertés économiques, la Cour de justice privilégie la libre prestation de services. Pour autant, on constate que c’est un véritable choix de politique juridique car dans d’autres domaines, ou dans le cadre d’autres ordres juridiques, une telle conciliation n’engendre pas les mêmes résultats. L’intervention du législateur de l’Union par l’adoption d’une directive relative au détachement de travailleurs n’a pas modifié ces conclusions. Pour autant ces solutions amènent aujourd’hui à une situation paradoxale d’un point de vue économique, les États de l’ouest de l’Union dénonçant un dumping social important de la part des entreprises établies dans les États d’Europe centrale et orientale. Ce dumping a amené à l’adoption d’une nouvelle directive en 2018 qui vise à rétablir un équilibre entre protection des droits des travailleurs et promotion de la libre prestation de services. L’analyse approfondie de ce texte et l’influence des arrêts de la Cour de justice laissent toutefois planer des doutes sur l’atteinte d’un tel équilibre
Studying the question of conciliating the protection of workers' rights and the promotion of economic freedoms in the framework of the posting of workers shows that, as the European Union is based on the promotion of economic freedoms, the Court of Justice favors freedom to provide services. However, we note that it is a real choice of legal policy because in other areas, or in the context of other legal orders, such conciliation does not produce the same results. The intervention of the Union legislature by the adoption of a directive on the posting of workers has not changed these conclusions. However, these solutions lead today to a paradoxical situation from an economic point of view, the western States of the Union denouncing significant social dumping by the part of the companies established in the Central and Eastern European States. This dumping led to the adoption of a new directive in 2018 which aims to restore a balance between the protection of workers' rights and the promotion of the freedom to provide services. However, the in-depth analysis of the text and the influence of the judgments of the Court of Justice, allow some lingering doubt regarding the achievement of such a balance
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Larsson, Andréas. "Arbetsmiljö och säkerhet : Utstationerade arbetstagare på byggarbetsplatsen." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-10833.

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Byggarbetsplatser med flera språk och kulturer representerade innebär utmaningar för kommunikationen kring arbetsmiljö och säkerhet. Under 2015 sände utländska arbetsgivare drygt 18 000 arbetstagare till Sverige för att utföra byggnadsarbeten. Med bakgrund i de närmaste årens mål för bostadsbyggande och den planerade utbyggnaden av infrastrukturen, spås ytterligare 60 000 byggnadsarbetare krävas varje år. För att möta de utmaningar som ökningen kan komma att innebära krävs studier om svenska byggarbetsplatser med utländsk arbetskraft. Denna studie är ur den svenska produktionsledningens perspektiv och syftar till att öka förutsättningarna att skapa en god arbetsmiljö för utstationerade arbetstagare på byggarbetsplatsen. Studien genomfördes i fyra delar med olika angreppssätt för att identifiera vilka utmaningar som uppstår med utländska underentreprenörer, och hur de kan hanteras. En omfattande litteraturstudie genomfördes och samtal med branschmänniskor fördes för att skapa en teoretisk grund. Fallföretagets ledningssystem utforskades som en sorts nulägesanalys för att skapa en utgångspunkt för diskussionen. Slutligen genomfördes intervjuer med åtta produktionsledande tjänstemän från fallföretaget. Förhoppningsvis kan rapporten bidra med mer kunskap kring tvärkulturell kommunikation på byggarbetsplatser och samordning av säkerhetsarbetet med utländska underentreprenörer. Diskussionen kretsar främst kring internationella inköp, språk och kommunikation, arbetsplatsintroduktioner samt daglig styrning. Tydligt avgränsade entreprenader och uppföljning av ställda krav verkar vara förutsättningar för ett fungerande arbete med utländska underentreprenörer. Utstationerade arbetstagare bör genomgå en gedigen arbetsplatsintroduktion och involveras fullt ut i daglig styrning för att skapa delaktighet och ansvarskänsla samt undanröja säkerhetsrisker. På sikt bör engelska nyttjas som arbetsspråk även i normalstora byggprojekt.
Building sites with multiple languages and cultures represented create challenges for the communication about work environment and safety. In 2015 foreign employers sent more than 18 000 workers to Sweden to carry out construction work. According to the next years' objectives for housing construction and the planned expansion of the infrastructure, it is predicted that an additional 60 000 construction workers are needed each year. To meet the challenges that the increase may imply, studies on Swedish building sites with foreign labor are needed. This study is from the Swedish production management’s perspective, and aims to increase the conditions to create a good work environment for posted workers on the building site. The study was carried out in four parts with different approaches to identify the challenges which arise with foreign subcontractors, and how they can be managed. A comprehensive literature study was conducted and discussions with industry people were carried out to create a theoretical basis. The studied company’s management system was explored as a sort of situation analysis to create a basis for discussion. Finally, interviews were conducted with eight production leading officials from the studied company. Hopefully, the report can contribute with more knowledge about cross-cultural communication at building sites and coordination of the safety work with foreign subcontractors. The discussion mainly revolves around the international procurement, language and communication, workplace introduction and daily management. Clearly defined contracts and monitoring requirements seem to be prerequisites for functioning work procedures with foreign subcontractors. Posted workers should pass through a thorough workplace introduction and be fully involved in the daily management to create participation and a sense of responsibility, and eliminating safety risks. Over time, English should be used as a working language even in normal-sized building projects.
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Stockwell, Glenda, Billy Buselmeier, and Jodi Polaha. "Resident Training Poster." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6558.

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Sanfridsson, Karin. "Utstationering av utländska arbetstagare i Sverige : Är Lex Britannia och Sveriges sätt att implementera utstationeringsdirektivet (96/71/EG) förenliga med EG-rätten?" Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-272.

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The Latvian building company Laval un Partneri Ltd (Laval) posted Latvian construction workers at the rebuilding of a school in Vaxholm in autumn 2004. Because the company refused to sign a collective agreement with Svenska Byggnadsarbetareförbundet (Byggnads), which is the Swedish trade union for constructions workers, Byggnads put the construction site under a boycott. Next Laval sued Byggnads for damages in the Swedish Labour Court (AD) because Laval considers the boycott as well as Byggnad´s demand that Laval signs a collective agreement incompatible with EC Law. AD has now demanded a preliminary ruling from the European Court of Justice (ECJ). While waiting for the preliminary ruling from the ECJ, several important questions of principle stand unanswered. Two such questions are whether Lex Britannia and the way in which Sweden har implemented the directive for posted workers (96/71/EC) are compatible with EC Law. In this thesis the author seeks to answer these two questions.


Det lettiska byggbolaget Laval un Partneri Ltd (Laval) utstationerade under hösten 2004 lettiska byggarbetare på ett skolbygge i Vaxholm. Eftersom bolaget vägrade teckna kollektivavtal med Svenska Byggnadsarbetareförbundet (Byggnads) satte Byggnads bygget i blockad. Laval stämde därefter Byggnads i Arbetsdomstolen (AD) och krävde skadestånd eftersom Laval anser att blockaden, liksom Byggnads krav på att Laval skulle teckna kollektivavtal, strider mot EG-rätten. AD har nu begärt ett förhandsavgörande i målet från EG-domstolen. I avvaktan på EG-domstolens avgörande står flera principiellt viktiga frågor i målet obesvarade. Dessa är bl a huruvida Lex Britannia och Sveriges sätt att implementera utstationeringsdirektivet (96/71/EG) är förenliga med EG-rätten. Det är dessa frågor som författaren ämnar besvara i uppsatsen.

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Potter, John E. (John Edward). "A study of labor-management relations : the United States Postal Service and the American Postal Workers Union." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11507.

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Books on the topic "Posted workers"

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European Institute for Construction Labour Research, ed. In search of cheap labour in Europe: Working and living conditions of posted workers. Bruxelles: CLR/EFBWW/International Books, 2011.

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Postal workers. Minneapolis: Lerner Publications, 2006.

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Poster women. New Delhi: Zubaan, 2006.

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Puppies: Poster book. Sywell: Igloo, 2009.

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Weedy, Garrod. The new poster book. San Francisco: Pomegranate, 2009.

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Scholastic Inc. The dog: Poster book. New York: Scholastic, 2003.

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Postal workers deliver our mail. [Chanhassen, MN?]: Child's World, 1998.

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Chicago International Poster Biennial (1st 2008). Top dogs: Works by the 11 jurors of the first Chicago International Poster Biennial 2008. [Chicago]: Chicago International Poster Biennial Assoc., 2008.

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Postal workers, A to Z. New York, N.Y: Walker, 1987.

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Knepper, Maurice. La Poste et le rail. Paris: Vie du rail & des transports, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Posted workers"

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Sjödin, Erik, and Eskil Wadensjö. "Posted Workers. Legal and Economic Perspectives." In Handbook of Labor, Human Resources and Population Economics, 1–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57365-6_172-1.

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Danaj, Sonila, Katarina Hollan, and Anette Scoppetta. "Labour Mobility and OSH Vulnerability of Posted Workers: The Cases of Austria and the Slovak Republic." In Aligning Perspectives on Health, Safety and Well-Being, 115–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52632-0_8.

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Pennings, Frans. "Migrants’ Access to Social Protection in the Netherlands." In IMISCOE Research Series, 313–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51241-5_21.

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Abstract As a general rule, persons (both EU citizens and third-country nationals) working in the Netherlands are treated in the same way for social security as resident Dutch nationals (however, for certain categories such as posted workers, different rules apply). Migrants who are not working, but live in the Netherlands have restricted access to social assistance benefits, although after five years of residence they are treated the same as Dutch nationals. Export of benefits within the EU is regulated by the EU coordination rules on social security. Export of benefits outside the EU is governed by bilateral agreements.
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Farley, James. "A multimedia campaign, post-1949 poster propaganda and the Model Worker." In Model Workers in China, 1949–1965, 114–74. Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315097862-6.

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Baxter, Vern. "Technological Change and Labor Relations in the United States Postal Service." In Workers, Managers, and Technological Change, 91–110. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1821-7_5.

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McAdams, John. "The Case of Government Workers." In The New Class in Post-Industrial Society, 179–88. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137515414_8.

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Schenker, Marc B., and Chelsea E. Langer. "Health and Safety of Cannabis Workers." In The Routledge Handbook of Post-Prohibition Cannabis Research, 135–43. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429320491-14.

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Burago, Dmitri. "On Several Problems Posed by H. Busemann and Related to Geometry in Normed Spaces." In Selected Works II, 119–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65624-3_12.

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Kriesler, Peter, and J. W. Nevile. "Economic Perspectives on Workers’ Rights." In Post-Keynesian Essays from Down Under Volume III: Essays on Ethics, Social Justice and Economics, 151–56. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137475329_12.

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Wu, Hsin-Chieh, Min-Chi Chiu, and Jyun-Hao Jian. "Evaluation of Four Eyestrain Recovery Methods for Visual Display Terminal Workers." In HCI International 2016 – Posters' Extended Abstracts, 536–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40548-3_89.

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Conference papers on the topic "Posted workers"

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Sobrinho, Antonio Dickson, and Mário Vaz. "The Posted Workers and their difficulties in European Union." In 3rd Symposium on Occupational Safety and Health. Porto: FEUP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24840/978-972-752-260-6_0056-0060.

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Bukhtiyarov, I. V., E. P. Kakorina, and S. S. Zemlyakova. "IMPROVING THE STATISTICAL REPORTING OF MEDICAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION." In The 16th «OCCUPATION and HEALTH» Russian National Congress with International Participation (OHRNC-2021). FSBSI “IRIOH”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/978-5-6042929-2-1-2021-1-92-96.

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Abstract. All management decisions in the healthcare are based on reliable data from medical accounting and reporting. Aim. Improve reporting forms in order to optimize accounting and reporting. Materials and methods. One of the main statistical forms of medical reporting that makes it possible to analyze indicators of the health status of workers and the activities of medical organizations in occupational medicine in the Russian Federation is the Form No. 30 “Information about a medical organization”. Results. The indicators analysis of the activities of medical organizations in the Russian Federation providing occupational health care was carried out on the basis of the Form No. 30 “Information about a medical organization”. The reporting forms about the examinations of occupational suitability and examinations of the connection between the disease and the occupation in the Russian Federation have been also developed and improved. The data analysis of medical organizations in the system for accounting and analyzing of occupational diseases «Occupational medicine» posted on the web-site http://profstat-irioh.ru is also carried out. Conclusion. It is proposed to improve the reporting documentation in order to optimize accounting and reporting if necessary. It is also proposed to keep statistics on the mandatory preliminary and periodic medical examinations for workers employed in jobs with harmful and (or) hazardous working conditions in the federal statistical form No. 1-zdrav “Information about the health care organizations”.
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Marini, Rini, Saleh Budi Santoso, Angga Tomala, Candra Setiawan, and Titin Afritayanti. "Best Practice Keselamatan Radiasi di Rumah Sakit Hermina Karawang." In Seminar Si-INTAN. Badan Pengawas Tenaga Nuklir, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53862/ssi.v1.062021.001.

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Radiation safety is an action taken to protect workers, community members, and the environment from radiation hazards. The purpose of writing is to realize the best practice of radiation safety culture at Hermina Hospital Karawang. This descriptive study conducted interviews, observations, discussions, and direct measurements from 2020 to 2021. Using the Thermoluminescence Dosemeter (TLD) badge for radiation workers in 2020, 80% of all radiation workers used the TLD badge, and 20% did not because officers forgot and limited use when working in the covid room area. Radiation danger signs have been posted at all examination doors and radiology registration windows. Radiologists always turn on the lights every time they do an X-ray examination. All radiology employees at Hermina Hospital have performed routine health checks at least once a year. The test results of the apron pass fit for use; there is no visible damage in the form of tears, waves, or other damage. The results of the radiation exposure test in the conventional radiology room in the operator's room were 0.063µSv/h, behind the operator's door 0.143 Sv/h, in the administration room 0.087 Sv/h, at the radiology entrance 0.057 Sv/h, the medical gas room and parking area of 0.029 Sv/h and 0.08 Sv/h. The results of radiation exposure test in the area for the CT Scan, namely in the operator's room of 0.046 Sv/h, behind the operator's door 0.118 Sv/h, the entrance to the CT Scan room 0.204 Sv/h, in the poly room and parking area of 0.125 Sv/h, and 0.041 Sv/ h. The results of the exposure test were declared safe from radiation leakage. Radiation Protection Officer (RPO) Hermina Karawang Hospital has participated in online PPR requalification in 2021. The local Diagnostic Reference Level (DRL) value of Hermina Karawang Hospital for non-contrast head CT, namely with CTDIvol = 38.26 mGy and DLP = 777.29 mGy.cm. The implementation of radiation safety best practices at Hermina Hospital has been carried out routinely following applicable regulations regarding radiation safety. It takes consistency and high discipline for radiation workers and hospital management in maintaining the quality of hospital radiation safety. Keywords: Radiation safety, best practice, Diagnostic Reference Level (DRL)
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Karreman, Joyce, Femke Berendsen, Bert Pol, and Hilde Dorman. "Health care workers' compliance with hand hygiene regulations: Positive effects of a poster." In 2015 IEEE International Professional Communication Conference (ProComm). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipcc.2015.7235830.

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Kajmakovic, Amer, Samuel Manfredi, Markus Brillinger, and Dominik Leder. "Poster: IOT as enabler of workers’ stress detection in manufacturing systems of the future." In IoT '21: 11th International Conference on the Internet of Things. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3494322.3494349.

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Peixoto, Ricardo, Jorge Ribeiro, Eduardo Pereira, Francisco Nunes, and Ana Pereira. "Designing the Smart Badge: A Wearable Device for Hospital Workers." In Proceedings of the 12th EAI International Conference on Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare – Demos, Posters, Doctoral Colloquium. EAI, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.20-4-2018.2276320.

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Lee, Yuyu, and Kai Kunze. "Poster: A Participatory Workshop to Design Vibrothermal Haptics of a Smart Fidget Surface for Remote Workers." In UbiComp '21: The 2021 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3460418.3479279.

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Pereira, Ana, and Francisco Nunes. "Physical Activity Intensity Monitoring of Hospital Workers using a Wearable Sensor." In Proceedings of the 12th EAI International Conference on Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare – Demos, Posters, Doctoral Colloquium. EAI, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.20-4-2018.2276323.

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Runcan, Remus. "SOCIAL WORK IN ROMANIA IN THE TIME OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES." In NORDSCI International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/nordsci2020/b1/v3/28.

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The Covid-19 pandemic has posed great challenges for all social work clients and their families, caregivers, medical and mental health care providers, and support systems. Social work clients are vulnerable to the detrimental effects of restrictions (isolation) and are confronted with adverse consequences from distancing and new rules, which may trigger or worsen psychiatric disorders (anxiety, depression, self-harm, substance abuse, suicidal behaviour and thoughts), according to recent literature (March-May 2020). This paper presents the results of a survey of Romanian social workers aimed at identifying both positive and negative effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on both social workers and their clients.
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Bosscher, Paul, Robert L. Williams, and Melissa Tummino. "A Concept for Rapidly-Deployable Cable Robot Search and Rescue Systems." In ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-84324.

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This paper introduces a new concept for robotic search and rescue systems. This system uses a rapidly deployable cable robot to augment existing search and rescue mobile robots. This system can greatly increase the range of mobile robots as well as provide overhead views of the disaster site, allowing rescue workers to reach survivors as quickly as possible while minimizing the danger posed to rescue workers. In addition to the system concept, this paper presents a novel kinematic structure for the cable robot, allowing simple translation-only motion (with moment-resisting capability) and easy forward and inverse kinematics for a 3-DOF spatial manipulator. Also, a deployment sequence is described, a rapid calibration algorithm is presented and the workspace of the manipulator is investigated.
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Reports on the topic "Posted workers"

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Leonardo, Fabio Morales, Carlos Ospino, and Amaral Nicole. Online Vacancies and its Role in Labor Market Performance. Banco de la República, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1174.

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This paper assesses whether the expansion of online job vacancies leads to a more efficient labor market. We provide compelling evidence that the increase in online job vacancy penetration in Colombia has had an enhancing effect on the labor market's efficiency by making it easier for firms to find workers to fill their job openings. An estimation of the Beveridge Curve (unemployment to vacancies relationship), a well-established theoretical development from search models, concludes that policies that increase online vacancy posting enhance efficiency. We implement a differences in differences design to take advantage of a regulation, which mandates that all authorized online vacancy providers report any online vacancy to the Public Employment Service in Colombia. We find that sub-segments of the labor market with a relevant fraction of their vacancies posted online, presented on average nearly 15% lower vacancy rate for a given unemployment rate. Therefore, for these sub-segments, the Beveridge curve shifted inwards due to efficiency enhancements. These findings support active search policies to reduce information barriers, which reduce the odds of firms and workers finding one other in the labor market. Policies as those implemented by the Public Employment Service in Colombia seem to be beneficial.
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Sajjanhar, Anuradha, and Denzil Mohammed. Immigrant Essential Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic. The Immigrant Learning Center Inc., December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54843/dpe8f2.

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The COVID-19 pandemic affected everyone in the United States, and essential workers across industries like health care, agriculture, retail, transportation and food supply were key to our survival. Immigrants, overrepresented in essential industries but largely invisible in the public eye, were critical to our ability to weather the pandemic and recover from it. But who are they? How did they do the riskiest of jobs in the riskiest of times? And how were both U.S.-born and foreign-born residents affected? This report explores the crucial contributions of immigrant essential workers, their impact on the lives of those around them, and how they were affected by the pandemic, public sentiment and policies. It further explores the contradiction of immigrants being essential to all of our well-being yet denied benefits, protections and rights given to most others. The pandemic revealed the significant value of immigrant essential workers to the health of all Americans. This report places renewed emphasis on their importance to national well-being. The report first provides a demographic picture of foreign-born workers in key industries during the pandemic using U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) data. Part I then gives a detailed narrative of immigrants’ experiences and contributions to the country’s perseverance during the pandemic based on interviews with immigrant essential workers in California, Minnesota and Texas, as well as with policy experts and community organizers from across the country. Interviewees include: ■ A food packing worker from Mexico who saw posters thanking doctors and grocery workers but not those like her working in the fields. ■ A retail worker from Argentina who refused the vaccine due to mistrust of the government. ■ A worker in a check cashing store from Eritrea who felt a “responsibility to be able to take care of people” lining up to pay their bills. Part II examines how federal and state policies, as well as increased public recognition of the value of essential workers, failed to address the needs and concerns of immigrants and their families. Both foreign-born and U.S.-born people felt the consequences. Policies kept foreign-trained health care workers out of hospitals when intensive care units were full. They created food and household supply shortages resulting in empty grocery shelves. They denied workplace protections to those doing the riskiest jobs during a crisis. While legislation and programs made some COVID-19 relief money available, much of it failed to reach the immigrant essential workers most in need. Part II also offers several examples of local and state initiatives that stepped in to remedy this. By looking more deeply at the crucial role of immigrant essential workers and the policies that affect them, this report offers insight into how the nation can better respond to the next public health crisis.
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Dahl, Kristina, and Rachel Licker. Too Hot to Work: Assessing the Threats Climate Change Poses to Outdoor Workers. Union of Concerned Scientists, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47923/2021.14236.

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Outdoor workers face severe risks from extreme heat—risks that will increasingly threaten the health and livelihood of tens of millions of outdoor workers in the United States as climate change makes dangerously hot days more frequent and intense. With economic and legal systems that routinely discount their lives and safety, workers who experience heat-related injuries or illnesses on the job have little to no recourse. By midcentury, with no action to reduce global warming emissions, an estimated $37.1 billion in outdoor workers’ earnings would be at risk annually due to extreme heat. Even with bold action to limit emissions, outdoor workers will face severe and rising risks from extreme heat. Policymakers and employers must take actions to protect outdoor workers.
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Herbert, George. How Can Middle-income Countries Improve Their Skills Systems Post- COVID-19? Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.082.

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Vocational training systems in middle-income countries are going to face multiple challenges in the post-COVID era, notably, challenges related to (1) automation; (2) the transition to a green economy, and (3) demographic pressures. Of these, automation - linked to the burgeoning ‘fourth industrial revolution’ that is set to transform the global economy - represents the most serious challenge and is the only one of the three challenges discussed in any depth in this paper. Whilst estimates of the likely scale of automation in the coming years and decades vary widely, it appears likely that waves of automation will lead to a dramatic decline in many kinds of jobs that largely involve routine, repetitive tasks. These trends pre-date COVID-19, but the disruption caused by the pandemic provides an opportunity to prepare for these challenges by implementing vocational training system reforms as part of the Build Back Better agenda. Reforms to vocational training systems will be crucial to ensuring middle-income countries respond appropriately to accelerating labour market changes. However, they should only form a limited part of that response and need to be integrated with a wide range of other policy measures. Vocational training reform will need to occur in the context of major reforms to basic education in order to ensure that all workers are equipped with the cross-cutting cognitive and socio-emotional skills they will require to perform hard-to-automate tasks and to be able to learn and adapt rapidly in a changing economy. Middle-income countries will also likely need to progressively expand social protection schemes in order to provide a safety net for workers that struggle to adapt to changing labour market requirements.
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Andrews, Matt. Getting Real about Unknowns in Complex Policy Work. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2021/083.

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As with all public policy work, education policies are demanding. Policy workers need to ‘know’ a lot—about the problems they are addressing, the people who need to be engaged, the promises they can make in response, the context they are working in, and the processes they will follow to implement. Most policy workers answer questions about such issues within the structures of plan and control processes used to devise budgets and projects. These structures limit their knowledge gathering, organization and sense-making activities to up-front planning activities, and even though sophisticated tools like Theories of Change suggest planners ‘know’ all that is needed for policy success, they often do not. Policies are often fraught with ‘unknowns’ that cannot be captured in passive planning processes and thus repeatedly undermine even the best laid plans. Through a novel strategy that asks how much one knows about the answers to 25 essential policy questions, and an application to recent education policy interventions in Mozambique, this paper shows that it is possible to get real about unknowns in policy work. Just recognizing these unknowns exist—and understanding why they do and what kind of challenge they pose to policy workers—can help promote a more modest and realistic approach to doing complex policy work.
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Ishaku, Salisu. Assessing the feasibility and acceptability of community health extension workers to treat hypertension associated with pregnancy: An analysis of post-intervention findings. Population Council, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh6.1001.

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Chen, Xianglei, and Susan Rotermund. Entering the Skilled Technical Workforce After College. RTI Press, April 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2020.rb.0024.2004.

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This research brief uses nationally representative data from the 2012/17 Beginning Postsecondary Students Longitudinal Study (BPS:12/17) to examine post-college transitions of US undergraduates into the skilled technical workforce (STW), defined here as workers in a collection of occupations that require significant levels of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) knowledge but not necessarily a bachelor’s degree for entry. Thus far, empirical research on the STW has been limited by a dearth of data; however, based on newly available data from BPS:12/17, the findings in this report indicate that STW employment provides workers with above-median salaries, more equitable wages, a variety of benefits, and clear career paths. STW jobs attract diverse populations, especially those from underrepresented groups (e.g., Hispanics, individuals from low-income backgrounds, and those whose parents do not have college education). US community colleges and sub-baccalaureate programs play a large role in developing the STW.
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Rogers, Amanda. Creative Expression and Contemporary Arts Making Among Young Cambodians. Swansea University, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23889/sureport.56822.

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This project analysed the creative practices and concerns of young adult artists (18-35 years old) in contemporary Cambodia. It examined the extent to which the arts are being used to open up new ways of enacting Cambodian identity that encompass, but also move beyond, a preoccupation with the Khmer Rouge (1975-1979). Existing research has focused on how the recuperation and revival of traditional performance is linked to the post-genocidal reconstruction of the nation. In contrast, this research examines if, and how, young artists are moving beyond the revival process to create works that speak to a young Cambodian population.The research used NGO Cambodian Living Arts’ 2020 Cultural Season of performances, workshops, and talks as a case study through which to examine key concerns of young Cambodian artists, trace how these affected their creative process, and analyse how the resulting works were received among audiences. It was funded through the AHRC GCRF Network Plus Grant ‘Changing the Story’ which uses arts and humanities approaches to ‘build inclusive societies with, and for, young people in post-conflict settings.
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Huber, John Tal, Joshuah Miron, Brent Theurer, Israel Bruckental, and Spencer Swingle. Influence of Ruminal Starch Degradability on Performance of High Producing Dairy Cows. United States Department of Agriculture, January 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568748.bard.

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This research project entitled "Influence of Ruminal Starch Degradability on Performance of High Producing Dairy Cows" had the following objectives: a) Determine effects of feeding varying amounts of ruminally degradable starch (RDS) on efficiency of milk and milk protein production; and 2) Investigate digestive and metabolic mechanisms relating to lactation responses to diets varying in ruminal and total starch degradability. Four lactation studies with high producing cows were conducted in which steam-flaked (~ 75% RDS) was compared with dry-rolled sorghum (~ 50% RDS) grain. All studies demonstrated increased efficiency of conversion of feed to milk (FCM/DMI) and milk protein as amount of RDS in the diet increased by feeding steam-flaked sorghum. As RDS in diets increased, either by increased steam-flaked sorghum, grinding of sorghum, or increasing the proportion of wheat to sorghum, so also did ruminal and total tract digestibilities of starch and neutral-detergent soluble (NDS) carbohydrate. Despite other research by these two groups of workers showing increased non-ammonia N (NAN) flowing from the rumen to the duodenum with higher RDS, only one of the present studies showed such an effect. Post-absorptive studies showed that higher dietary RDS resulted in greater urea recycling, more propionate absorption, a tendency for greater output of glucose by the liver, and increased uptake of alpha-amino nitrogen by the mammary gland. These studies have shown that processing sorghum grain through steam-flaking increases RDS and results in greater yields and efficiency of production of milk and milk protein in high producing dairy cows.
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Kállai, Péter. How to Lose (the Almost) Guaranteed Representation – Recent Developments concerning Roma Parliamentary Representation in Hungary. European Centre for Minority Issues, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53779/djpm0924.

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As the Roma National Self-Government in Hungary failed to draw up its electoral list for the 2022 elections, it seemed that nobody would represent the most populous minority in Parliament; at least not within the framework of the preferential mandate system. This blog post covers the circumstances and developments behind this paradoxical situation and explains how uncompromising political wings have caused this outcome. The incumbent Roma minority advocate in Parliament and his allies worked hard to prevent anyone else from obtaining the first position on the electoral list and thus becoming a member of parliament, while the other political wing within the Roma self-government ruled out the re-election of the sitting advocate. As the author points out, however, the main problem lies in the very nature of the system, namely in the lack of real internal competition. Interestingly, as recent developments show, other Roma politicians may get elected on the party lists of both sides of the political spectrum.
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