Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Postmodernisme et littérature'
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Hyppolite, Pierre. "Hyperréalisme et littérature." Paris 8, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA081817.
Full textGhosn, Katia. "Ilyās Khūrī et la problématique du postmodernisme en littérature." Paris, INALCO, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012INAL0023.
Full textPostmodernism is the state of culture of the contemporary world and postmodernity the corresponding historical period. During the 1970's, postmodern theories enjoyed a considerable development at the time when the lebanese civil war (1975-1990) erupted. Ilyas Khuri, a lebanese author born in 1948, experienced violence and defeats. His novels express the fragmentation of the country and the narration. Postmodernism in literature proves to be a paradigm to interpret his writings. Our approach helps to reveal the central role of engagement and values despite the collapse of big narratives. It enlights the underlying tensions of his novels. The interaction between text and context helps to grasp the change process of his literary writings. Ilyas Khuri literary works bring therefore distinctive answers to current questions
Chen, Hungyi. ""Formes-Archétypales et idéaltypes du nomadisme postmoderne" : le cas Baudelaire et le road-movie : de Ulysse à Blade Runner." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05H046.
Full textCertain sociologists such as G. Deleuze and M. Maffesoli has revealed various investigations on the theme of nomadism in the post modern context. Thus in this thesis, i intend to point cut the immanent structure and the essential characteristics of this subject by applying the rfisfchods of 1. Archetype-form, and 2. Idealtype to initiate the research. This method is developped from the theories of Durkheim, Weber, Simmel, Durand and M. Maffesoli. Therefore, 3 archetype-forms (which each partially represented some feature of the nomadism in question) 1. Ulysse - voyage - "egarement", 2. Don Quichotte - rootless wandering, 3. Rimbaud - perpetual escape and Baudelaire - as an archetype-form par excellence with his 3 qualities 1. "Hundred moves, never a trip !" (in J. P. Sartre's words), 2. Trens, 3. "avarice onaniste" and then the road-movie as an idealtype (in the postnodsrn context). This subject will be analysed from 3 standpoints 1. Jack Kerouac and the "beat generation", for its textual justification ; 2. John Ford and this western - archetype of roadmovie, 5. Wim Wenders - apogee of . "Blade runner" - a road-movie's metamorphosis in which we uncover the same behaviours and trajectories of "homo-vagabundus" and "homo-noctambulus" from Baudelaire to blade runner in a symbolic, closed and nocturnal space which reveals further relationships between man and image. This would be at the same time an alternative communication form, one of the postmodernity's "drift" (derive) and "perverse effects"
Mancas, Magdalena Silvia. "Pour une esthétique du mensonge : nouvelle autobiographie et postmodernisme." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF20018.
Full textGuignery, Vanessa. "Postmodernisme et effets de brouillage dans la fiction de Julian Barnes." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040160.
Full textSoulimani, Elvira. "La prose russe contemporaine des années 1990 : l'impact du postmodernisme sur la formation d'une écriture nouvelle." Nancy 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NAN21013.
Full textThis study analyses the impact of postmodernism on the development of a new style of writing in post U. S. S. R. , it discuses the role of social political changes, the specificity of U. S. S. R. Modernism, as well as the influence of poetical postmodernism on the post-meta-narrative. Postmodernism would appear to be a logical development in Russian literature and whilst retaining its specific traits, parallels the West. When examining the origins of postmodern Russia, we try to estimate the value of official literature paralled with the development of a new style of writing. In order to help us decide how to categorize 'such and such' postmodern works on post U. S. S. R. Literature, we examine the criteria which enables us to qualify a postmodern text. By demonstrating the limits of this approach this work underlines the absence of a pertinent definition, and proposes to address postmodernism like a 'behaviour', a 'style of writing' which characterises the production of contemporary Russia
Mohammadi, Yasmin. "Du classicisme au postmodernisme, l'évolution de la littérature persane au vingtième siècle : influence de la littérature française sur l'évolution des genres littéraires en littérature persane." Paris 12, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA120046.
Full textThe study of cultural exchanges is one of the main points of the compared litterature. We are interested in the persian litterature of twenty century because it presents a remarkable perspective as for the variety of kinds of litterature. Of the classicism to the postmodernism, and by going through the modernism, there is a real subject of consideration. Especially if this evolution happens according to an indirect but advisory influence of western kinds of litterature and mainly, here, a french one. It must be specified that this whole influence is transmitted by the translations, an important point of cultural exchanges, mainly in the domain of litterature
Lee, Sang-Hoon. "Le populaire et la figure du populaire : essai sur le formisme figuratif et vers la sociologie romanesque." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05H048.
Full textThe study on the "popular" tradition and on the popular figure consist effectively to establish, if not a new sociological perspective, at least an alternative view more appropriate and more pertinent to understand the reality and the knowledge which has been entrenched in this one. To succeed, it convenes to get an "aesthetic" perspective which will permit to plunge in this reality, so banal and so trite, on a different way of those of "the socialism" use, to approach from the living world. It is on that point, that we wish to reassert the value of the figurative thought into a thinking mode contrary to the abstract thought which is based on the concept, that we can find in the work of art and especially in the novelist literary work in expressing the powerful of the novelist imagination which accentuate the collective aspect of the social life. Therefore, the figurative formisme and the "romanesque" sociology that we will develop through this study, on the "romanesque" aesthetic, means in fact a reconciliation between the sociological perspective and the romanesque literature, after the divorce of those both subject created by an ideological controversy which oppose the cold reason and the feeling culture
Le, Guellec Léa. "Frontières et entre-deux : traduire et comprendre les "lignes" dans trois recueils d'Alice Munro." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022NORMR073.
Full textThe work of Canadian short-story writer Alice Munro is filled with lines and tensions. For this thesis, I translated three of her collections of short stories (Lives of Girls and Women [1971], Something I’ve Been Meaning to Tell You [1974] et Who Do You Think You Are? [1978]) and studied these translations through the lens of the line, trying to find a third path between source-oriented and target-oriented translations. I attempt to transcribe these texts which largely rely on the implicit and the non-said, without altering Munro’s created worlds by over-explaining, and to find a balance between facilitating the reader’s understanding and remaining faithful to the spirit of Munro’s stories. Since translation requires a close scrutiny of the text, this work goes hand in hand with a literary analysis of the collections. This study follows four lines, embodying in turn the borders demarcating the diegetic space, the patriarchal separation between men and women, larger societal divisions, and finally the blurred boundaries between fiction and reality. This thesis thus aims to consider what lies on each side of those lines, but especially what develops in between
Letissier, Georges. "La trace obsedante de l'intertexte victorien dans l'ecriture romanesque contemporaine." Nantes, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NANT3022.
Full textSince fowles's the french lieutenant's woman, a lot of fiction written in enghlish has revived the literature of the victorian age. Novelists have devised new ways of relating to the victorian intertext and highlighted the many-faceted aspects of the victorian era while blurring its contours in the process. Five novels published between 1982 and 1992 (the great fire of london, possession, changing heaven, ever after, poor things) constitute a significant sample of the various means of coming to terms with an eclectic victorian intertext which may be genuine (little dorrit, wuthering heights), or parodied. The point in common between the five novelists (ackroyd, byatt, urquhart, swift, gray) lies in a tension in the writing process between the victorian hypotext and the contemporary framing narrative. In a typically postmodernist vein each fiction calls into question the very nature of its referent. The intertextual relationship is foregrounded through a theatrical representation of the polyphonic voices. Lastly the novels refer to the reading activity. The emphasis laid on the darwinian paradigm and the epistemological reflection on the writing of history testify to the uncertainties of our own fin de siecle. Yet these reader/novelists overconscious of the guiles of fiction-writing rehabilitate the pure delight of story-telling
Magni, Stefano. "Détournement des genres dans la production narrative postmoderne en Italie." Paris 8, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA082922.
Full textThis research deals with the study of postmodern narrative literature in Italy. It analyses its reassessment of certain narrative genres such as the "Bildungsroman", the historical novel, the detective novel and the short story, and explores some postmodern texts parodying Italian models from the XIXth and the XXth century. My work is composed of three parts. My aim was first to define the terms of my research and to establish some theoretical principles concerning the notions of postmodernism, literary genres and parodies, as a ground for the reading of the authors included in my corpus (Benni, Folgore, Macchiavelli, Manganelli and Vassalli). Secondly, I have analysed instances of modernism and postmodernism in my corpus and their structural differences. Thirdly, I have examined the different forms of postmodernism, and endeavoured to understand the aesthetic, philosophical and moral strategies which have led to postmodern reclassification
Shcherbakova, Anastasia. "L'œuvre nouvellistique de Haldun Taner. Précurseur de la littérature postmoderne en Turquie." Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020INAL0021.
Full textThis thesis, entitled "Haldun Taner's short stories. Forerunner of postmodern literature in Turkey ", studies the short stories of Turkish writer Haldun Taner (1915-1986) as a source of inspiration for early Turkish postmodernists. H. Taner, known above all as a playwright, created a prose, which, neglected in Turkey as in the West, presents a wide unexplored field arousing our scientific interest. The problematic of our research is to determine the role of H. Taner’s short stories in Turkey literary landscape, by emphasizing their specificities. Our methodology, based on the work of Western and Turkish researchers, leaves an important place to the theoretical works of Russian scientists, in particular Mikhail Bakhtin. His theory of carnavalisation is widely applied to the analysis of short stories by H. Taner. The corpus is made up of H. Taner's short stories from 1945 to 1986. Our study confirms the initial hypothesis that Haldun Taner's carnival prose paved the way for Turkish postmodernism in the 1980s and 1990s. The originality of the thesis consists in having determined the role of the prose of H. Taner in the development of Turkish literature, by having used Russian written sources not easily accessible to Western researchers, as well as in the application of Mikhail Bakhtin’s carnavalisation theory to Turkish literature
Pécot, Hélène. "La citation dans tous ses états : analyses linguistiques et stylistiques de l'écriture littéraire postmoderne." Rouen, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ROUEL592.
Full textOur work of research arises from the desire to articulate a literary writing with a formal analysis. A specificity, whose interest lies in its protean property, has proved to be at the centre of our literary and theoretic concerns: quotation. Postmodern literature paves the way for the study of this specificity since quotations abound in this genre. In our study, we look on their multiple facets in a corpus of eight contemporary French novels. All the quotations reflect the idea of crossbreeding and blending which is typical of the postmodern aestheticism. Thus, our thesis looks through the reported discourse, polyphony, aphorism. . . But first, we have to define postmodern literature, which includes the process of reflecting on the genre. Our main purpose can be detailed as such: we will aim at explaining that the postmodern French literature exists and is characterised by textual and transtextuel properties, in this process, we apprehend a linguistic rethinking of transtextuality
Diop, Babacar. "Esthétique des Ruines et Dystopie dans le roman Anglais postmoderne : une lecture de Riddley Walker, (1980) de Russel Hoban, Cloud Atlas, (2004) de David Mitchell et The Book of Dave (2006) de Will Self." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MON30080/document.
Full textThe concepts of dystopia and postmodernism have taken a new dimension for the past two decades. These conceptshave been explored in multiple studies from both literary and historical viewpoints, to name but these two areas thathave revealed other perspectives, which, to our knowledge, have not yet been addressed. This is the case, for example,of the relationship between dystopia and ruins. The present work explores the concepts of dystopia and ruins as theyappear in the three books (Riddley Walker (1980) by Russell Hoban, Cloud Atlas (2004) by David Mitchell and TheBook of Dave (2006) by Will Self) in the light of contemporary events and in connection with postmodernism. Thiscorpus was used to discover the links between dystopia and postmodernism through the aesthetic, ethical, poetic andpolitical values of ruins, the ubiquity of which brought us to consider the dystopian works as a depiction of the world inwhich we live. The present study has also helped highlight the destructive behavior of Man in relation to the notion ofprogress that is constantly questioned, thus becoming more of an illusion than a reality because of scenes of violencemainly illustrated by the two World Wars with the Shoah and the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki,as well as the use of chemical weapons, commonly called mass destruction weapons. Besides being a bridge betweendystopia and postmodernism, ruins stand as witnesses of Man’s sinister past toward which they direct contemplatorswhile reminding them of the vanity of their lives and the evanescence of any existence. The ubiquity of the ruinsrelentlessly plunges survivors and contemplators into a melancholy supplemented by the trauma associated to thefeeling of loss and the threat of a repetition of the past. The ruin thus becomes a form of expression, a language forpostmodern dystopias and through it, the departed speak. The traces of what has been have thus become media through
Williams-Wanquet, Eileen. "Éthique de la métafiction : éléments pour un postréalisme en littérature anglaise." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00757023.
Full textLes discours critiques ayant constaté l'existence, en littérature anglaise, surtout à partir des années 1980, d'un type de roman qui effectue un retour au monde après les expérimentations formelles de l'avant-garde " postmoderniste " dite " autonome ", j'ai voulu, dans cette synthèse, cerner avec plus de précision les contours de cette nouvelle forme à laquelle je m'intéresse depuis ma thèse. Celle-ci portait sur les douze premiers romans d'Anita Brookner, et a été suivie d'un ouvrage qui ouvre le corpus aux vingt-et-un romans alors publiés (1981-2002), tout en les abordant sous un autre angle. Mes autres travaux portent sur : les romans de Penelope Lively (1977-2003) ; Wide Sargasso Sea (1966) de Jean Rhys, comme reprise de Jane Eyre (1847) de Charlotte Brontë ; Boating for Beginners (1985) de Jeanette Winterson, qui reprend l'épisode biblique de l'Arche et du Déluge; The Wild Girl (1984) de Michèle Roberts, qui se présente comme un " cinquième évangile "; Indigo (1992) de Marina Warner, comme révision de The Tempest (1611-12) de Shakespeare; The Rape of Sita (1993) de Lindsey Collen, conçu comme une réécriture d'un épisode de l'épopée du Ramayana.
Ces romans font partie de ce qui a été appelé " l'explosion des métafictions historiographiques des années 1980 ", ou encore le " retour à l'éthique des années 1990 ". En effet, ils représentent un type de roman essentiellement paradoxal par son curieux mélange d'autoréflexivité et d'historicité, conjuguant les jeux formels de l'avant-garde " postmoderniste " (située à partir de 1960) et la fonction morale et sociale du roman réaliste des XVIIIe et XIXe siècles. Le terme " postréalisme " a l'avantage de signifier l'époque visée, tout en plaçant cette catégorie de romans dans le droit-fil du réalisme. Pour comprendre l'émergence de ce type de fiction, il m'a fallu remonter le cours du temps et me demander pourquoi les techniques narratives du " réalisme " avaient dû changer pour dire le monde. J'ai été amenée à poser la question des fondements philosophiques du roman, genre qui, à mon avis, ne saurait être étudié indépendamment d'un contexte socio-historique qui le conditionne (sans toutefois le déterminer) et dont il contribue à façonner les valeurs.
La synthèse se divise en trois chapitres. Le premier prolonge les travaux que j'ai consacrés à la réflexion philosophique qu'offrent les romans de Brookner. Je les interprète ici comme illustrant l'impasse rencontrée par le " texte réaliste classique ", qui serait né avec la " modernité ", en tant que notion historique (dont les origines remontent à la Renaissance) et nouvelle " attitude " ou " vision du monde ", caractérisée par une sécularisation de la pensée. Le roman résulterait d'un désir de retrouver l'harmonie perdue entre l'individu et le monde -- la mimésis est en fait muthos, tentative pour imposer un sens à une réalité discordante. Mais, lorsque le projet de " modernité " des Lumières, avec ses notions de " sujet kantien autonome " raisonnablement maître de sa vie et d'une réalité universelle extérieure -- fondées sur la primauté du " signifié transcendantal " (la présence pleine) sur le " signifiant " (le langage) -- est remis en question, le roman " réaliste " perd les présupposés philosophiques dont découlent ses caractéristiques formelles. Vouloir remplacer le terme " postmodernisme " par " postréalisme " pour situer tout un pan du roman dans l'histoire de la littérature anglaise m'a conduite à distinguer plus nettement philosophie et esthétique et clarifier des termes dont l'emploi reste parfois flou.
Ainsi, le deuxième chapitre présente le " postmodernisme " (ou l'esthétique " postmoderniste ") des années 1960 comme représentant l'exacerbation des jeux formels du " modernisme " (ou esthétique " moderniste ") des années 1910 à 1930, qui prenait le contre-pied du " postréalisme ". " Modernisme " et " postmodernisme " seraient tous deux une réponse à la remise en cause " postmoderne " de l'" attitude moderne ", qui se préparait déjà dès le milieu du XIXe siècle, se manifeste surtout avec le structuralisme des années 1960 et 1970, et aboutit à l'inversion pure et simple du modèle de pensée binaire des Lumières : lorsque le signifiant vient à primer sur le signifié, les notions de sujet et de réalité sont invalidées et le texte " postmoderniste " se retire du monde pour ne se référer qu'à lui-même. Alors que les esthétiques " réaliste ", " moderniste " et " postmoderniste " se situeraient toutes à l'intérieur d'un système de pensée fondé sur des oppositions binaires, l'esthétique " postmoderniste " signalant la fin de l'" attitude moderne ", le " postréalisme " serait la forme privilégiée d'une nouvelle " attitude ", véritablement " postmoderne ", qui tente alors de se libérer d'un mode de pensée binaire, de conjuguer signifié et signifiant, de réconcilier le sujet cartésien (qui se fonde lui-même) et la tradition nietzschéenne (qui le réduit à un simple effet linguistique). Mais, si le roman veut retrouver son rôle politique après la " mort de l'auteur " et la remise en cause de l'existence d'une réalité objective universelle, il doit trouver une nouvelle façon de commenter le monde.
Le troisième chapitre pose la question de la forme que prend le " postréalisme " pour dire le monde, alors que le " réalisme " a été invalidé. Les notions d'auteur et de mimésis étant indissociables de celles de sujet et de réalité, philosophes et critiques littéraires se rejoignent dans les années 1980 pour ressusciter l'auteur comme " fonction du texte ", réintroduire la notion d'intention, et redéfinir la réalité comme mise en intrigue idéologique du monde. Les outils théoriques de " décontextualisation ", de " recontextualisation " et de " resignification " se sont avérés cruciaux pour comprendre le fonctionnement de ce type de texte, dont j'essaie de dégager quelques caractéristiques en m'appuyant sur mon corpus de thèse et d'articles.
La " métafiction " (fiction sur la fiction) est reconnue comme une constante de la littérature britannique contemporaine. Une intertextualité foisonnante indique la présence de textes antérieurs, la relation transtextuelle privilégiée étant l'hypertextualité comme transformation parodique. La réécriture d'un hypotexte, comme répétition avec différence, représente en fait un dialogue entre muthoi : l'hypertexte reprend les personnages et événements de l'hypotexte et les réorganise selon une nouvelle mise en intrigue du monde. C'est donc la fameuse " autonomie " de l'écrit qui lui rend son rôle politique. Si le monde est mis en intrigue par le langage, il peut être réécrit selon une nouvelle vision du monde. Ces textes sont enracinés non seulement dans un autre texte, mais aussi dans le monde. L'ancrage spatio-temporel est double : des références à des personnages et événements historiques " contextualisent " l'hypotexte dans un passé empirique qui lui est contemporain ; divers procédés " réalistes " situent l'hypertexte dans un autre univers contemporain qui est le sien. Il s'agit, en effet, d'une " décontextualisation ", puis d'une " recontextualisation " de mêmes faits, qui, arrachés en amont à leur contexte d'origine, sont réorganisés selon un nouveau point de vue -- étant ainsi " resignifiés " -- et renvoyés comme " contre-interpellation " au monde en aval, appelant au changement. Ces réécritures " postréalistes " portent toutes sur des textes qui font partie du patrimoine culturel de la culture occidentale " moderne ", traitent des questions fondamentales de prise de possession de soi, des autres, du monde et véhiculent l'idéologie dominante. En posant la question éthique de la " vie bonne ", de ce qui pourrait être, en redistribuant les positions de chacun, les réécritures " postréalistes " sont à la fois répétition et rature, révisant toute l'" attitude " de la " modernité ".
Fau, Hélène. "Mouvements baroques et néo-baroques dans l'oeuvre romanesque de Jeanette Winterson : entrée dans l'au-delà du postmodernisme." Metz, 2003. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2003/Fau.Helene.LMZ0311.pdf.
Full textBaroque, neo-baroque and postmodernism are subject to many vague and sometimes contradictory definitions which need to be revisited and completed. Yet, one of them offers an interesting starting point to the present study : the baroque corresponds to the rise of harmony and the neo-baroque to its sudden disruption (Gilles Deleuze in L epli, Leibniz et le Baroque [1988]). Thus, the baroque is characterised through the illusory revelation and shiny exhibition of a harmonius surface. In other words, it is nothing but a trompe-l'oeil façade. The neo-baroque, on the other hand, acts as a breaking element anxious to themselves in Jeanette Winterson's postmodern novels ? What kind of thematic and textual excesses as well as "anamorphotic" distorsions are to be fpound? How are predominant motifs like the visible, the grotesque and the imaginary formed, deformed and reformed ? Is the deconstruction followed by any kind of reconstruction in progress ? And, if it is so, can it be seen as a new literary era ? All these questions will be dealt with and meticulously analysed in the light of six of eight novels published by the author : The Passion (1987, John Llewellyn Rhys Memorial Prize), Sexing the Cherry (1989, E. M. Forster Award), Written on the body (1993), Art and Lies (1994), Gut Symmetries (1997) et The Powerbook (2000). Oranges are not the only fruit (1985) - more an autobiography than a novel - and Boating for beginners (1985) - more a comic strip than a novel - have not been selected
Oumansour, Brahim. "Histoire et fiction dans l'American Chronicle de Gore Vidal : le biographique à l'âge herméneutique." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030091.
Full textGore Vidal’s historical novels are well suited for a discussion of the relationship between history and fiction. Vidal’s perspective draws from a current of postmodern thought which accepts history as legitimate grounds for casting doubt upon the metanarratives upon which modern knowledge is based. In assuming this perspective, Vidal accepts its paradoxical premises: showing an unprecedented interest in history while questioning historical truth. Vidal’s writing invites readers to doubt the existence of a strong border between literary and historical narratives to identify the ways in which these narratives mutually engage in literary borrowing and differentiation, and then to assess their impact on the reception and representation of reality. The question of subjectivity in history resulting from political commitment will also be considered, along with the impact of personal experience, reflected in the interest in current affairs, empathy and the political issues of memory. Vidal’s simultaneously tragic and radical narrative contests the ideas of progress and « American exceptionalism » which dominate official history, by focusing instead on rhetorical metaphor, and on the role of individuals and accidents in history. This narrative encourages an exploration of the concept of empire in light of a certain drift in the doctrinal approach mobilized in Vidal’s novels. This study gives rise to the discussion relating to the different historical interpretations which connect American history to capitalism and imperialism
Azzopardi, Thierry. "Présence et préscience de la postmodernité : la question du sens de l'histoire dans l'œuvre de Morand." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040202.
Full textLavigne, Jean-Baptiste. "Entre réaction et utopie : Michel Houellebecq ou le paradoxe postmoderne." Chambéry, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CHAML013.
Full textThe work of Michel Houellebecq seems to be emblematic of the postmodern literary movement. Indeed, they both share the principle according to which this whole world is nothing but division, paradox and nonsense. Yet, if it is true that Houellebecq's poetic sets out to describe the story of a disappearing universe, it could not be confined to that. Indeed, a whole section of the latter tries to give back hope to the reader and to promise him reconstruction opportunities beyond postmodernity : towards a "post-postmodernity" within which humanity would be reconciled with itself as well as with the outside world. That programmatic speech first establishes itself through the narration of a futuristic universe, the description of a utopian system based on positivism and genetic manipulations : a promise of liberation for a humanity chained to its own inability to improve itself. Moreover, that social reconstruction project involves the radical criticism of our corrupt world, and, at the same time, the sanctification of a number of fundamental values inherent to modernity (love, family, etc. ) and symbolic of human community spirit. However, it is poetry which seems to be remedy to contemporary evils, for the poetic work, deprived of a manichaeism and free of intellectual and rational thoughts, finds itself able to offer the reader o post-logical universe within which paradoxes, sapping the postmodern world, have been transcended. Finally, that polysemous work therefore appears absurd, or, more precisely, postmodern, only in order to describe the monist universe into which it is thrown, in order to understand it better, so that it may be fought, and, possibly, overcome
Pittin-Hédon, Marie-Odile. "Alasdair Gray : paratexte, métatexte et intertexte." Grenoble 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE39035.
Full textBen, Slama Kaouther. "Le réel et le simulacre dans l'oeuvre d'Anne Rice : une approche postmoderne." Grenoble 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE39037.
Full textSayer, Frédéric. "Le mythe des villes maudites dans les littératures française, anglaise et américaine du vingtième siècle : une esthétique de l’entropie urbaine." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040240.
Full textThe biblical curse of the city tends to devastate History, turning human culture into a waste land (Henochia, the Tower of Babel, Sodom and Gomorrah, Babylon) in order to settle instead the first ever divine city, that is to say the utopian New Jerusalem of the Apocalypse. At the beginning of the 20th century, rewriting the Bible has become ironic and even self-destructive. The inner fortress of the creative mind does not hold any more and loses itself into the modernistic fragments of the city, in other words the ruins of destroyed Europe. The prophetic word declines, even though it has been reactivated on a political level by dystopian literatures, speculative fiction and crime novel. After 1945, the urban curse has mutated into evil energy, following the laws of entropy. A new kind of apocalypse turns the text of the cityu into mere simulacra, in other words the new idols of mass culture. That’s why entropic metaphors and postmodern aesthetics do shape American urban fiction and also the french nouveau roman. The myth of cursed cities dominates the end of the century in a cannibalistic way, thus becoming the myth of the disappearance of the sacred, raising a wall of silence in the city’s rumble, penetrating the smooth surface of minimalist novels. Literature then performs an act of memorial resistance, even when it follows an asymptotic line to the “hard white empty core of the world. ”
Delbard, Olivier. "Poétique du paysage : l'approche américaine de Gary Snyder et l'approche européenne de Kenneth White." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040083.
Full textThis dissertation is a study of two contemporary English-speaking writers who were born and live on the geographical borders of their respective continents, namely the north-west pacific area for Gary Snyder and the Atlantic coast of Europe (Scotland, Britany) for Kenneth White. While remaining mostly non-comparative, this study presents a joint approach on the personal, intellectual and artistic development of each of these two authors. The whole study revolves around the notion of landscape, as described by "new geography" today: the concept of landscape indeed involves both human subjectivity and the physical environment. It thus appears to be the key element in this study, given that both Snyder and White aim first and foremost at breaking with modernity in order to regain contact with the original world in a truly inspiring and poetic way. While studying G. Snyder and K. White's essays, travel books and poetry, and resorting to numerous biographical and intellectual references, we have tried, throughout this dissertation, to develop a non-conventional methodology (with regards to our academic field) by referring to scientific research, and especially the geographical science. Therefore, rather than sticking to chronology and literary history, our approach has mostly been a spatial and geographic one
Hanrahan, Mairéad. "Djuna Barnes, Jean Genet et la différence des sexes, des sexualités : pour une poétique du désir." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA080877.
Full textThis thesis studies the questions of sexual and homosexual difference in one novel by djuna barnes, nightwood, and two novels by jean genet, miracle de la rose and querelle de brest. It examines the two authors separately. The first section explores the metaphorical and metonymical links between three different figures of the other in nightwood, jew, homosexual and woman. It offers an interpretation of the enigmatic narrative of the novel, reading it in terms of the displacement of the figure of the other. Our analysis of genet distinguishes between the feminine other and the homosexu al other. The chapter on the miracle argues that the miracle for genet consists in the opportunity which writing affords of revealing a symbolic femininity where one might least expect to find it, and discusses the implications of the fact that genet values only symbolic femininity. The chapter on querelle explores the relationship which genet envisages between homosexuality and society. For both authors, the reflexion on sexual identity and orientation is intimately linked with a consideration of language. This thesis seeks to show the links between the practice of writing and the practice of desire
Santos, Bárbara Dos. "Voix auctoriale et réécriture de l'histoire : les guerres d'indépendance (1961-1974) dans les littératures angolaise, mozambicaine et portugaise." Rennes 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REN20059.
Full textThe authorial issue and the theme of the colonial war being of major interest, in this study we have tried to develop our theoretical approach trom the point of view of the auctorial voice inside the text and its relation with the historical context : this work is focused on the independence wars (1961-1974) in the Angolan, Mozambican and Portuguese literatures. Our purpose is to present a theoretical perspective based on narratology and leading onto an approach inspired by the sociocriticism which is rooted in Mikhaïl Bakhtin's works. Thus our critical study will attempt to highlight the dialectical movement of the literary discourse by focussing on the analyses of both its structure and the elements which interact with the historical background. Consequently, we have essentially pa id attention to the relationship the author has wished to establish with his own work, the stance he has chosen to adopt within the text as weil as the devices he has used to convey the prevailing views and, above ail, the prevailing ideologies of that period
Massoulier, Nathalie. "Les métamorphoses du temps et de l'histoire dans l'œuvre de fiction de Graham Swift : coming to terms with one's past." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040258.
Full textThis work examines how Graham Swift's works tackle the issue of a potential reconciliation with the past. Reconciliation will be analysed together with the character's metamorphoses over time (one of the meaning that has to be given to the metamorphoses of history in my thesis's title) and the fictional transformations of time and history. The psychoanalytic evolutions of identities and the relationships of the characters with time and history will be studied. If it is difficult to precisely assess the success of reconciliation, we will focus on some of its underlying strategies and narrative treatments. The individual level will serve as a model for the collective level
Aghazamani, Elahe. "La dynamique masculin/féminin dans la dernière période de la création littéraire de Marguerite Duras (1980-1996) à travers ses romans et récits." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA101/document.
Full textThe idea for this thesis arose from a certain documentary void regarding a whole segment of Duras' work : her final years...despite being a period in which she often came in for harsh criticism, seem to us her most fruitful and accomplished, during which she avoided dwelling on the psychology of her protagonists, and opted for a narrative structure based more upon certain archetypes (such as that of the ideal man, epitomised by Andréa, the younger brother, or Ernesto) hence going against modern trends. This return to an archaic style of literature is symptomatic of Duras' quest for an even more radical "feminology" than that of Antoinette Fouque. But is similar in its connection with Michelet's witch.Only the witch/sorcerer is capable of detecting the unspeakable and retranscribing it, not by the magic of the Word (directly borrowed from the male-God logos) but by the force of the unsaid. Thus Duras assumes this abdication in the face of rhetoric. So the long-awaited male, Yann Andrea, finally joins the novelist. This flesh and blood archetype inspires in her a new sense of literary ceativity like certains ladies in the Middle Ages inspired by their champions.Our novel approach to Duras tries to show how she treated in an archaic/anachronistic way what others considered as the couple's contemporary problems. What emerges from this carefully crafted discrepancy is a form of dialectic we'll call "The dynamic of masculine/feminine in the last period of literary creativity of M.D. through her novels and narratives
Saubion, Sonia. "Fragmentation et recomposition dans la fiction de John Fowles : vers une résolution de la crise postmoderne ?" Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30051.
Full textThe contemporary imaginary has given rise to an aesthetics of fragmentation which is characterized by the dissolution of the self in search of an identity in a world deprived of stability and landmarks soon after the trauma caused by the war and nuclear threat. The refusal to follow the principle of linearity, together with the play involved in intertextuality and intergenericity, the disruption of representational patterns underlying traditional realistic novels, favour the display of reader responses at the expense of the harmony of utterances. This thesis, which covers the whole of Fowles’s fiction since 1963, aims at diagnosing the symptoms of the aforementioned crisis by means of a study including metatextual, narratorial, linguistic, philosophical, mythocritical and psychoanalytical tools. We will see how the author, the narrators, the protagonists on stage consider coming to terms with their existential conflicts and returning to a reality they have progressively dissociated themselves from. The latter can either choose to disintegrate the « real » in order to get a better apprehension of it and then to put the scattered fragments together again so as to appropriate them, while projecting their selves through an ideal and a fictional identity, which paves the way for their individuation. Such an evolution from dissensus to consensus conveys the humanistic vein of a work which endeavours not only to have the individual take up with his/her more authentic self but also to reconcile him/her with the others within a universe gaining in coherence
Gauzi, Chloé. "Transferts culturels et vacillements identitaires dans la littérature et les arts de la postmodernité." Thesis, Reims, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REIML001.
Full textLong been used with reluctance, intensively discussed by theorists, the term “postmodern” is now pervasive, from specialized discourses to the very spheres of everyday life, testifying that it is necessary to think a new notion, more appropriate to the changes which have affected the contemporary world. Whatever are the different perspectives adopted by theorists to define postmodernity and to clarify its links to postmodernism, modernity and modernism, they all notice that, since the World War Two, western societies are the stage of deep cultural mutations and of a widespread identity crisis, which is itself accompanied by a genuine epistemological crisis. In a context of redefining the concept of culture, which Cultural Studies showed the necessity to study all the expressions, whether they are from high culture, pop culture, or even mass culture, contemporary fictions (literary, cinematographic, audiovisual) express, in the same time analyzing it, the issues of our western, postmodern and hypermodern, societies. According to that point, studying the various cultural manifestations helps discerning the cultural patterns that ground the individual and collective identities
Wit, Sébastien. "Les Sentiers qui bifurquent : hasard, combinatoire et divination dans le roman expérimental des années 1960 : (I. Calvino, J. Cortázar, Ph. K. Dick, M. Saporta)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100154.
Full textMarc Saporta's Composition no 1, Julio Cortázar's Hopscotch, Italo Calvino's Castle of Crossed Destinies, and Philip K. Dick's Man in the High Castle. Written between 1962 and 1973, these four novels have as common denominator their use of oracular traditions. In the first three literary works, the novel form is broken by becoming one with tarot cards. In the last novel mentioned, the Chinese oracle – the I Ching – is the source of the writing process. In both political and literary fields, the 1960's consist in a radical questioning of authority. Prior to Barthes' prophecy of the Death of the Author, artists make use of chance and randomness in order to liberate creation from the arbitrary power of the author. This thesis studies the way the four aforementioned writers try to reconsider the dynamics between reader and writer by using the Jungian theories (synchronicity, archetypes, etc.). By deconstructing the linearity of the novel form, the four books are representative of an experimental literature which shows disregard to genre conventions. Between ludic poetic and mysticism, the novels are made hypertextual by oracular randomness. Focusing on the interpreting reader, the novels investigate the modalities of literary interaction ; this way, they are key materials in understanding the transmedia relations between literature and digital literacy
Agar-Mendousse, Trudy. "La notion de contreviolence créative dans l'autobiographie postcoloniale franco-algérienne : paroles d'identité et de résistance chez Assia Djebar, Malika Mokeddem et Nina Bouraoui." Paris 13, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA131002.
Full textThe problematic of this thesis lies at the crossroads of postcolonialism and postmodernism. Investigating the poetics of six autobiographies unveils the literary strategies the writers deploy to accommodate into their writing both an experience of violence and resistance against it. An analysis of the thematics and textual functioning of the texts reveals how they transform, through textual violence, an identity inherited from colonial and patriarchal discourses in order to construct a new subjectivity that escapes existing power relations. This research, through its evaluation of the oppositional force of this intrinsically postmodern corpus, enacts a rapprochement between postcolonial and postmodern theories. The nomadic writers deterritorialise inherited ethnic and sexual identities, creating for themselves Deleuzian lines of flight towards a new conception of identity anchored in a community of origin and in female memory: the identity of a subject group, invested with becoming
Rospide, Maylis. "Stratégies de "renormalisation" dans l'œuvre de Will Self." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30057.
Full textNorms are often regarded as a straightjacket, but they can also be considered a promise of changes: a normal organism is an organism which is capable of adapting itself to new norms. The second acceptation of the term invades the whole of Will Self’s oeuvre which flickers between prescription and the acknowledgment of variations. In the field of literary studies, genre seems to embody the concept of norms because it is an enabler (it makes reading possible by putting forth an array of rules, while it also tolerates alterations). Satire is a practical incarnation of genre theory in the corpus we have chosen, and it combines a wide-ranging gamut of literary forms including fantasy and the uncanny, or SF genres (a blanket term which refers to science fiction, alternate history and slipstream fiction). The polygenericity of Will Self’s work allows the author to cover a virtual field of possible departures from the rule, and then to return to the concept of normativity. This can be achieved either by granting variations the dominant status of norms, or by sealing off change in between impervious parentheses. This normative stance goes against the grain of contemporary criticism which usually advocates the subversion of teleology so as to institute an ethical approach to the text. Thus, postmodernism and poststructuralism address one another in order to undermine the very notion of normativity. In a context lacking a hierarchical relation to norms, the writer creates an extremely coherent body of works which etches upon its own surface a strong sense of design and purpose in the face of a world caught up in a whirlwind of dizzying infringements. This endangering of the human figure is dismissed with a panicked sleight of hand when the text portrays hybrids the better to condemn them. This attitude is adverse to the tenets of posthumanism which we regard as a theory that unearths the constructedness of humanism
Conesa, Frank. "Nathanael West, notre contemporain : esthétique de la rupture et figurations du chaos." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3077.
Full textAmerican novelist Nathanael West (1903-1940) wrote a new chapter of American literature before he brutally disappeared in 1940. In the wake of the publication of The Complete Works of Nathanael West in 1957, literary critics hailed him as the precursor of black humor, as the critic of consumerism and mass culture, as the master of parody whose comic-apocalyptic tone was in fashion during the 1960s. In an article entitled “Some Notes on Violence” published in 1932, he rejected both naturalism and social realism as being unfit to represent the “idiomatic” violence of American society. According to West, the American writer needed to adapt his art of writing and find more appropriate ways to “handle” the ever-increasing, violent pace of reality. This study examines to what extent West's untimely response to a present reality has made him a true “contemporary.” Italian philosopher Giorgio Agamben argues that “[those] who are truly contemporary, who truly belong to their time, are those who neither perfectly coincide with it nor adjust themselves to its demands. […] But precisely because of this condition, precisely through this disconnection and this anachronism, they are more capable than others of perceiving and grasping their own time.” The chaotic brutality of West's figurations, the velocity of his narrative, and the sequential editing of the scenes accelerating to the point of rupture, all mirror our own reality
Robin, Thierry. "Ironie et chaos ou les manifestations de l'absence : analyse d'un rapport problématique au réel dans l'œuvre romanesque de Flann O'Brien : at Swim-Two-Birds, The Poor Mouth, The Hard Life, The Dalkey Archive, The Third Policeman." Rennes 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN20032.
Full textThis Ph. D is based on the 5 novels written by Flann O'Brien aka Myles na gCopaleen for his caustic column in The Irish Times. It aims at going beyond the usual fields of postmodern or gender studies by resorting to the ambivalent implications of the concepts of reflexiveness and reality idiosyncrasy lying at the very heart of our corpus. Leaving hyperbolic farce aside, focusing on a crisis of representation and identity, we notice these dynamic epistemological contradictions are epitomized by two characters extracted from O'Brien's mock cosmogony: de Selby and the anonymous narrator in The Third Policeman. Language is therefore the means and the limit of our exploration of O'Brien's prose. The analysis of the conflicts displayed by O'Brien's fiction provides us with an insight into the aporias of ideology, be it P. C. , deliberately transgressive or simply postmodern. We acknowledge our conceptual debts to contemporary thinkers or writers such as C. Rosset, J. -F. Lyotard or J. Banville
Bougerol, Maud. "Esthétique de la réserve dans l'œuvre de Brian Evenson." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR096.
Full textThis dissertation focuses on one of the more singular modes of reception in Brian Evenson’s body of work: reticence. While reading Brian Evenson’s works, the reader is made aware of gaps, that seem to point to the existence of a missing part of the text, hollowed out from the narrative before it has even started. The reader then experiences a form of deficiency that he identifies in the text as coming from what is missing. As he tries to reconstruct the text and to make it whole once again, as illusory as that concept might be, the reader attemps to fills the gaps through the workings of his imagination. He then produces interpretations, but those rest on constructed worlds that see their rare landmarks being gradually erased. His reading experience is imbued with uncertainty, mainly because the worlds the stories are set in are unstable and populated with linguistic anomalies. Moreover, his interpretations generate more uncertainty, thus thwarting his attempts to resolve the ambiguities of the text permanently. However, while stumbling on the elusive meaning and the prevailing ambivalence, he discovers that the proliferation of his interpretations brings forth that of the narrative and linguistic proliferation at the root of the many ambiguities of the text. Thus, the failed attempts of the reader to fill the gaps in the text give way to a second reading experience, during which he must ensure that all the potential intepretations are summoned in the text. With the help of his imagination, the reader thus produces a form of textual excess that must substitute itself to the one that he can barely sense in the white spaces of the text. The proliferation of language and the perpetual surging of meaning that this new excess allows insure a reading experience of proliferation superimposed on top of the initial experience of loss
Meresse, Bastien. "Thomas Pynchon ou les territoires de la faille." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA110.
Full textAs a picaresque cartographer standing astride the Atlantic and Pacific coasts, Thomas Ruggles Pynchon Jr. stresses the flawed origin and entropic trajectory of the American continent, seven generations after the great Puritan migration to which his forebear William participated. This dissertation aims to recast the way his work defines these latent figures of the American fault, an “inherent vice,” for such is the title of his penultimate novel, in order to recover the lost prairie of the past and recompose an idealized counter-space within the realm of fiction. This work will consider how the notion of phantasmagoria inhabits a cityscape overcoded by optical devices and deceitful distortions that can only be resisted by the flâneur’s politics of loitering. By exposing the dreamworld of this city upon a hill, Pynchon delves into the depths of the continent and starts a stratigraphic study of America: geological fault-lines engage in a dialogue with deficient founding myths and fracture the revered geography of the continent, signaling the defective nature of its space but also of its time, permeated by the cracks of the crisis. To face the failure of founding narratives and the spasms of History, Pynchon’s work unfolds new modalities that, while not essential to narrative, disrupt reading procedures and suffuse his historical novels with the forking paths and counterfactuals of the “Subjunctive” form
Maurer, Sylvie. "South Sea Tales de Robert Louis Stevenson : une approche littéraire et anthropologique." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030019.
Full textRobert Louis Stevenson’s South Sea Tales is a motley collection of stories written and set in Polynesia at the end of the 19th century. Deeply versed in anthropology, the author asks fundamental questions about the region. He revisits the past, hacking away at traditional South Sea literature. As a mythologist, he travels back both to the origins of Western myths of idyllic South Seas, and to the core of Polynesian myths. He interweaves the founding tales of both Western and Polynesian civilisations into a pioneering palimpsest. Stevenson also faces the present: he fiercely denounces the fight for a Western hegemony over the islands, and depicts the islanders’ acculturation. The natives prove to be neither noble nor ignoble savages, but hybrids who have lost touch with their indigenous identities. As a postcolonial writer-to-be, Stevenson proclaims the fall of imperialism and stands up against any kind of ostracising. He hands over to Genette’s « Vendredi », endeavouring to present things from the viewpoint of native islanders at the fin de siècle. The author also wonders about the future of the South Seas. Although he stakes Polynesian women will play a leading role, he provides no clear-cut foresight: typically, he steps back to let the Other have the last word. Instead of prophesising, as a forerunner of postmodernism he questions everything, including the boundaries between reality and fiction, the narrator’s status and the author’s authority. Stevenson’s South Sea Tales are a daring opening up onto Otherness in people and in literature
Avignon, Nathalie. "Modèle musical et rêve d'abolition du temps dans le roman contemporain : Helmut Krausser, Léonid Guirchovitch, Richard Powers." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20092.
Full textMusic is an art of time, since it gives it its matter. It gives it style and recreates the effects of its process confined in a closed period. However, representations commonly associate the art of sound with an attempt to neglect or even to deny the temporal flow. Accordingly, they fit into an idealistic perspective that makes music a consoling utopia, a soothing balm on a subject beset by internal rifts and rupture with the world – as can be seen in Schopenhauer and Proust after him or, later, in Levi-Strauss. This study aims to examine the future of this conception of musical time in the light of three contemporary novels that seem to illustrate it but also challenge it: Melodien (1993), by the German writer Helmut Krausser, Prajs (1998), the work of Leonid Guirchovitch, a Russian writer, and The Time of Our Singing (2003), by the American novelist Richard Powers (2003). Some elements of the musical language, based primarily on the principles of polyphony and organicity, delineate an aesthetic model (here called “ideal éternitaire”) that these three authors, marked by “compositional” temptation, challenge through intersemiotic transpositions. The analysis then turns into what Paul Ricœur defines as the “fictive temporal experience” to see how the dream of abolishing time associated with a musical subject affects both the intimate time of characters and vast chronosophies of the collective time. Finally the “ideal éternitaire” is in turn immersed in time: discredited by the historical bankruptcies of the twentieth century, it now looks upon itself in the light of postmodern times, ironically bound to refer to its anachronistic share and to confront the German Kultur it comes from with the diversity of musical styles
Folio, Jessica Joëlle. "La poétique de l'abjection dans la littérature gothique américaine postmoderne : le cas de Stephen King (1947- ), Peter Straub (1943- ) et Chuck Palahniuk (1962- )." Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00716880.
Full textMetais-Chastanier, Barbara. "L’Enquête à l’œuvre : la représentation inquiétée dans les dramaturgies contemporaines." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENSL0863.
Full textThrough the analysis of about fifty plays, texts, and performances from the contemporary European repertoire, this study will consider dramatic representation as an anthropological fact involving practices of signs and interpretation, through the prism of the investigation – understood as a creation process, a structuring form but also a way of relating to the world and the spectator. A path of hypotheses and a laboratory of the cognitive and heuristic functions of representation, it appears that the investigation refers to this confusion through which theatre is thought to represent something. This dissertation therefore inscribes contemporary dramaturgies within the clue paradigm, coined by C. Ginzburg, in relation to novelistic forms of the investigation (naturalistic and detective novels). Thus it intends to repair the theoretical deficit plaguing this “master fiction” (D. Kalifa), opening a reflection on the meanings of reusing a modern approach, tied to the search for meaning and legibility in a time marked by postmodernism and characterized by an attitude of relativism and hermeneutic suspense. The use of scenes of trial, reconstitution, and questioning, studied in the second part, uncovers critical and reflexive operations in which the devices of truth production are questioned as politics and poetics of the sign. As for documentary writing – the focus of the third part, it appears crossed by three distinct orientations – assertive, constatative and interrogative – which will be identified according to their relations to the investigation
Williams-Wanquet, Eileen. "Les romans d'Anita Brookner de 1981 à 1992 : l'écriture de la subversion." Montpellier 3, 1996. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/H/99_wanquet.pdf.
Full textAnita Brookner's novels have been called "mills & boon for bluestockings" and are usually set in the tradition of the conventional realistic novel by critics, who qualify them as "pre-modern" and "decidedly non-experimental”. The novels do present the outward signs of classic realist texts by their use of conventional methods to represent reality. However, beneath this deceptive appearance, another text can be discerned, as suggested by the various forms of intertextual ity used. Brookner's novels pose as traditional realism, using the latter's conventions to undermine its philosophical principles from inside. The premises of realism are pushed far enough to remorselessly lay bare the illusions it conveys. This subversive text is "modern" by way of its pessimistic, ironical vision of the world. Brookner's modern parodies denounce the ideology behind traditional realism, showing that christian virtue does not win out in the amoral twentieth century, in which neither god nor reason can be relied upon. But, not content with dismantling the traditional novel's message of comfort, the author lays bare the sterility of a purely ironical vision, which, in its turn, gives way to a metaphorical text, the manifestation of an abstract circular structure which re-introduces a mythical poetic world-view of the unending circularity of life. The novels are postmodern by their metafictionality, by their questioning of the very nature and existence of reality, by their self-reflexivity, which is a direct consequence of their autobiographical aspect. The writer, at one with her narrator focaliser heroine, uses literature itself to explain how her life has been "ruined by literature”. But, even if writing allows her to re-edit her life and to survive, it cannot cure her melancholy and she seems condemned to keep on writing the same novel
Tranier, Jacques. "Pathetique et tragique dans le theatre de brian friel : drame de l'homme, drame de l'irlande." Caen, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CAEN1223.
Full textTo start with, the term "tragic" is discussed with regard to its implications today. This is followed by a description of the way we propose to analyse theatre. Some of friel's characters experience spiritual or physical destruction because they have refused their unfair fate or simply for having rejected the social status quo. Within a threatening and sterile world the figures of traditional authority and values are being challenged by modernity. Friel's "common heroes" seek to uphold their own ethical standards against the moral values of society. In this they embody the human condition today and match the tragic heroes of times past. Part one concentrates on the various influences (both at home and abroad) which have shaped brian friel's art. The playwright was born in derry under the ruthless unionist rule. Friel is the co-founder of the political and cultural movement field day, which endows theatre with a necessary social function organised around the central mythical irish concept of fifth province. This is supposed to expose on the stage the contradictions of the contemporary irish psyche with its blend of colonialist and nationalist stereotypes. Chapter two of the same part deals with some fundamental characteristics of theatre (it should be borne in mind that it is a performing art). Contemporary tragedy lies at the core of the dramatic process itself, based on the juxtaposition of opposites. If follows then that tragedy will appear under various, sometimes unexpected, guises. Chapter three includes friel's recurring themes and bleak outlook. This concludes part one. In parts two and three the analysis of the chosen plays will systematically feature indispensable information such as a summary, list of characters and actantial model. This will be followed by a detailed discussion of theme treatment, with many extracts. The plays discussed are the loves of cass macguire, crystal and fox, making history, (which all hinge on one central character), lovers, livving quarters (these are inspired by greek theatre), faith healer, the freedom of the city and volunteers (the last two show the destructive potential of politics in northern ireland)
Vichnar, David. "L'Avant-postman : James Joyce, L'avant-garde et le postmoderne." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030010.
Full textThe thesis, entitled “The Avant-Postman: James Joyce, the Avant-Garde and Postmodern-ism,” attempts to construct a post-Joycean literary genealogy centred around the notions of a Joycean avant-garde and literary experimentation written in its wake. It considers the last two works by Joyce, Ulysses and Finnegans Wake, as points of departure for the post-war literary avant-gardes in Great Britain, the USA, and France, in a period generally called “postmodern.”The introduction bases the notion of a Joycean avant-garde upon Joyce’s sustained explora-tion of the materiality of language and upon the appropriation of his last work, his “Work in Progress,” for the cause of the “Revolution of the word” conducted by Eugene Jolas in his transition magazine. The Joycean exploration of the materiality of language is considered as comprising three stimuli: the conception of writing as physical trace, susceptible to distortion or effacement; the understanding of literary language as a forgery of the words of others; and the project of creating a personal idiom as an “autonomous” language for a truly modern literature.The material is divided into eight chapters, two for Great Britain (from B.S. Johnson via Brooke-Rose to Iain Sinclair), two for the U.S. (from Burroughs and Gass to Acker and Sorrentino) and three for France (the nouveau roman, Oulipo, and the Tel Quel group). Chapter Eight traces the Joycean heritage within the literature after 2000 of the three national literary spaces. The conclusion contextualises the theme of the Joycean post-war avant-garde as a challenge to the notion of “postmodernism.”
Haffen, Aude. "Fiction autobiographique et biographies imaginaires dans l'oeuvre d'Anthony Burgess." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00836003.
Full textManirambona, Fulgence. "Africanité et mondialisation à travers la production romanesque de la nouvelle génération d'écrivains francophones d'Afrique noire." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209947.
Full textLa reconfiguration de l’énonciation dégage les ressorts d’une écriture nouvelle marquée par une narration éclatée, une spatialité multiple et une innovation thématique. La transgression narrative s’intègre au rang des discours de la déconstruction caractéristique de la postmodernité et se donne à lire comme le reflet de l’être de l’entre-deux qu’est l’écrivain migrant comme d’ailleurs son protagoniste. L’espace dans lequel évolue ce dernier peut être interprété comme une transteritorialité dans laquelle se moule la création littéraire marquée du sceau de l’altérité et traduit la « transidentité » du personnage évoluant dans cet espace. La perspective thématique renforce cette idée de l’altérité mondiale structurant le récit africain contemporain. Elle s’engage dans la voie des mutations et des transgressions caractéristiques de la mise en relation de l’africanité et de la mondialisation comme lieu de l’écriture/lecture du roman contemporain.
Le mode d’écriture nous offre un cadre linguistique et stylistique dans lequel se joue l’altérité africanité-mondialisation. Le romancier de la nouvelle génération retravaille la langue française à l’aide des ingrédients des langues et des cultures dans lesquelles il baigne. Cette manipulation linguistico-stylistique est rendue possible par le jeu interlinguistique et le registre humoristico-ironique qui produisent une esthétique du « risible » face aux défis de l’altérité. L’écrivain africain contemporain, décomplexé par ces manipulations linguistique et stylistique, exploite les ressources de l’oralité en vue de concilier la pluralité des formes d’expression et des pratiques langagières de son environnement. Cette stratégie d’écriture produit une esthétique de l’oraliture, celle-là même qui, tout en exaltant les vertus de l’écriture, recourt aux différents procédés offerts par l’oralité, versant de l’africanité du texte contemporain, pour marquer une opposition contre l’écriture et l’Occident qui l’incarne./The African novel by the new generation is made at the meeting point of languages and cultures. In its theoretical and paratextual orientation, the fiction discourse by the new generation can be summed up as a « universality-oriented modernity », a place of dialectic link between africanity and globalization. The ideological context of creation of this literature and the identity questioning bring us to consider africanity as a dynamic notion and the literary globalization as a way to competition and literary legitimacy.
The peritextual discourse, which is a high place of readability/visibility, initiates the strategies of this otherness which the novelist develops largely in textual enunciation.
Reshaping the enunciation shows the motivation of a new writing characterized by a breaking up narration, a multiple area coverage and a thematic innovation. Narrative transgression is integrated in the rank of discourses of deconstruction characterizing postmodernity. It is to be read as a reflection of the being in the space between, this is the migrant writer as well as his protagonist. The space in which the latter evolves can be interpreted as a transterritoriarity in which is moulded literary creation sealed by otherness and shows « transidentity » of the character evolving in that space. The thematic perspective reinforces this idea of global otherness structuring the African contemporary narration. It moves into mutations and transgressions characterizing the relationship between africanity and globalization as a place of writing/reading of contemporary novel.
The writing mode gives us a linguistic and stylistic framework in which takes place the otherness africanity-globalization. The new generation novelist works on the French language he uses by means of ingredients of languages and cultures surrounding him. This linguistic and stylistic manipulation is made possible by an interlinguistic game and the humoristic and ironic register which produce aesthetics of the “funny” in front of otherness challenges. The contemporary African writer, encouraged by these linguistic and stylistic manipulations, exploits the oral ressources in order to reconcile the plurality of forms of expression and of language practices of his environment. This writing strategy produces aesthetics of orality, the one which, in addition to exalting the virtues of writing, has recourse to different procedures of orality, showing thus africanity of contemporary text, to mark an opposition against writing and the Western world which embodies it.
Doctorat en Langues et lettres
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Dauguet, Sébastien. "L'écriture de Michael Ondaatje, ou les illusions romantiques au feu du réel : de l'appréhension du manque dans l'autre à la prise en compte d'un savoir sur la jouissance." Rennes 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REN20008.
Full textMichael Ondaatje is now regarded as a major writer by readers and critics alike. Nevertheless, most of the analyses on his work have rather contributed to masking its complexity and its real interest. They have usually attempted to confirm the logic of the discourse held by the author on his literary production and to reassert the power of myth to reinscribe meaning into human existence. This study will rather focus on the discrepancies within Ondaatje’s writing and on the inconsistencies of the romantic surface of the texts as they reveal a more subversive outlook on our contemporary epistemological context. Largely based on the teachings of psychoanalysis at a time when ideals collapse and scientific knowledge becomes all-pervasive, it will tackle the latent intuitions that are developed within the texts since they expose the nothingness that underlies the order of language and the gap of desire that governs the divided subject of the unconscious. It will therefore enlighten the use of words by a writer deeply shaken by the horrors of the twentieth century and concerned about a possible deregulation of jouissance. Torn between an improbable quest for the Other and a frustrated longing for new anchorage, Michael Ondaatje’s aesthetics reflects the inner conflicts of a writer divided between his Sri Lankan origin and the West where he now lives. His works also highlight the weight of the real and resist any form of reading that only refers to its so-called postmodernism
Cailleux, Dorothée. "Technique narrative et statut du récit dans l'œuvre en prose d'Adolf Muschg." Thesis, Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040041/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the work of the contemporary Swiss writer Adolf Muschg and focuses on his writing technique. Since this corpus has never been studied in France yet, we have paid particular attention to the text, using the methods of narratology, stylistic and statement linguistics. Mikhail Bakhtine’s theory, especially the notion of “polyphony” has guided the study of the different “voices” contributing to the narration. The result of these analyses leads us to conclude that Muschg wants to underline the crucial role of literature in a world dominated by technical concerns and material cares. By showing reality under an original point of view and enhancing the ambivalence of all phenomenons, literature becomes a way of resisting. The second part of this study sets out to investigate the “anthropological” aspect of Muschg’s work. The author shows that man is in first place a “dialogical being”, thus giving high significance to the act of narration, which he presents as the best medium for communicating. Consequently, he tries to leave much space for the reader in his works, inciting him to take part in the creation of the novels. His texts are also opened to the influences of other writers and can be studied under the aspect of intertextuality: not only does Muschg evocate and quote many writers, he also tries to subvert the rules of narration by inserting poetry into it
Joseph, Charles. "Etre et écrire (de) Los Angeles : Wanda Coleman." Thesis, Le Mans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LEMA3004/document.
Full textThis study aims at shedding some new light upon the many correlations existing between the Los Angeles cityspace and Wanda Coleman’s writings. As an African American woman born in Watts, Los Angeles in 1946, Coleman is the author of a significant literary oeuvre. Whether regarding the urban evolution and construction of the city, its ethnic composition, its socioeconomic conditions or its cultural development, the megalopolis can be read explicitly and implicitly throughout the author’s work, which started in 1979 and ended with the posthumous co-publication of The Love Project in 2014.Post World War II Los Angeles and the great mutations that the territory has been undergoing are, for Coleman, an unending source of material that are both motivating her writing and influencing her craft. The privileged witness of a city under the firm grasp of postmodern ideology of which Los Angeles seems to be the epicenter, Coleman’s work shows the ever-growing gap between an everyday life that is getting more and more brutal and an idealized imagery of the city that imposes itself as the American Way of Life par excellence. That unreachable goal for a disadvantaged and disenfranchised portion of society (about to become the majority of the Los Angeles population), is projected in a perpetual renewal of the American Dream, maintained within reaching distance, as an obscene strategy serving social appeasement. Wanda Coleman thus intends to unsettle an illusion that has been perpetrated and widely distributed through and by Hollywood whose influences, in a mass-media transmission era, cannot be under-estimated. Because she has been able to consider and apprehend the overall dehumanizing process for as long as she can remember, that Coleman is able to assess the import of her art and thus sets its objectives: to rehumanize the dehumanized
Pogossian, Tatiana. "L' empirisme mis à l'épreuve : Londres dans l'oeuvre de Peter Ackroyd, Iain Sinclair et Gilbert & George." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA070129.
Full textIain Sinclair, Peter Ackroyd and Gilbert & George try to reach London's evanescent memory. Therefore they wander through the city to elaborate a map. Yet the very decoding of the city becomes an obstacle. Indeed, as our analysis will show first, London undennines any reading of the urban space, privileging an ontological quest to the epistemological one. Beyond this first obstacle, the alternative memory of the city resists being encompassed. The fictional and artistic works become immaterial sites of memory that enclose remains of meaning claiming recognition. Our study will then explore how, in order to address the anomy of the urban experience, the authors build up distinctive universes. The organic metaphor serves as a conunon basis that grants access to this space that challenges empiricism. Besides, the hybridization of modernist and postmodernist devices to represent the city testifies to the authors' eagerness to produce fictional and artistic replicas of London. As a result, this eagerness brings to the fore a subversive discourse : the problematic gendering, the transvestism and the visionary approach of London are cases in point. In die end, -Mule it questions the way man understands his environnent and more generally the concept of cognitive mapping, this discourse mystifies the city
Haman, Catherine. "Entre union et désunion : Claude Simon, la tension à l'oeuvre." Littoral, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008DUNK0213.
Full textLaureate of the Nobel prize of literature, a major honour which ranks him among Thomas Mann, Luigi Pirandello, Albert Camus, Samuel Beckett, Isaac Bashevis Singer, or also, closer to us, Imre Kertész and Orhan Pamuk, Claude Simon, like all these writers of various horizons and styles, built his work upon questions haunting the contemporary period. Unlike Jean-Paul Sartre, who, as we remember, refused to accept the prize in question, Claude Simon forbade himself from imposing seemingly definitive answers and limited himself to narrating, to describing, to rendering with modesty a monumental part of Man’s history. His modesty and his prudence caused him for a long time to appear to be a purely formalist writer, radically “désengagé” ; this opinion was in keeping with the orthodoxy of the seventies and with the attitudes adopted by Alain Robbe-Grillet, leader of the Nouveau Roman movement, and with his strong disapproval of Sartre dogmatism and didactism. However, to the present day reader of his work, it seems difficult to remain unmoved by the way in which his texts reflect the dramas and conflicts of the 20th century ; his work is enimently political : it is an area of refraction, of reflection, a patient and passionate recomposition of a collective destiny, of the singular repercussions, minimal though often tragical, of History’s inexorable progression