Relevant bibliographies by topics / Postmodifiers

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Academic literature on the topic 'Postmodifiers'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 2 July 2021
Last updated: 17 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Postmodifiers"

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Mutiara, Rika. "Modification of English Complex Noun Phrases: A Case Study of Native and Non-Native Writers." E-Structural 2, no. 01 (July 5, 2019): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.33633/es.v2i1.2371.

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This study aims at examining differences of complex noun phrases written by Indonesian writers and English native writers in English academic prose particularly undergraduate students’ theses. The complex noun phrases were scrutinized based on how they were modified (Biber, Johansson, Leech, Conrad, & Finegan, 1999, pp.588-644). Corpus method that is concordance analysis of nouns was applied to identify the modifications. The data were taken from four undergraduate theses. Two of them were written by non-native writers and the others were produced by native writers. The differences cover some modifiers namely adverb (phrase) as premodifiers and postmodifiers, adjective (phrase) as postmodifiers, relativizers, prepositional phrases, appositives, and multiple modifiers whether premodifiers or postmodifiers. The differences occur might be caused by L1 interference such as in the use of adjective (phrase), adverb phrase, and reflexive pronoun as postmodifier. Non-native writers do not produce any adjective (phrase) and reflexive pronoun as postmodifiers. For multiple premodifiers and postmodifiers, differences occur in the form of the highest number of modifiers in the NPs and their types. In the long noun phrases, the non-native writers modified the nouns with a number of appositives. NPs written by native writers of English are more complex.
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Hasselgård, Hilde. "Lexicogrammar through colligation: Noun + Preposition in English and Norwegian." Bergen Language and Linguistics Studies 11, no. 1 (September 15, 2021): 145–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15845/bells.v11i1.3442.

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This study compares sequences of noun and preposition in English and Norwegian using data from the English-Norwegian Parallel Corpus. One purpose is to test the use of sequences of part-of-speech tags as a search method for contrastive studies. The other is to investigate the functions and meanings of prepositional phrases in the position after a noun across the two languages. The comparison of original texts shows that the function of postmodifier is most frequent in both languages, with adverbial in second place. Other functions are rare. English has more postmodifiers and fewer adverbials than Norwegian. Furthermore, the prepositional phrases express locative meaning, in both functions, more frequently in Norwegian than in English. The study of translations reveals that the adverbials have congruent correspondences more often than postmodifiers, particularly in translations from English into Norwegian.
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Akinlotan, Mayowa. "Structural Patterns of Postmodifier in Nigerian English Noun Phrase." Glottotheory 9, no. 1 (November 27, 2018): 41–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/glot-2018-0001.

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Abstract The present paper discusses the occurrence, structure, and complexity of the postmodifier in the Nigerian English noun phrase (NP) showing tendencies for structural simplification. It also compares its findings with patterns in British, Ghanaian, Singaporean, Honk Kong varieties. The paper shows how variables representing syntactic function, register, and weight shed light on specific contexts where we might or might not find (1) NP with or without a postmodifier (2) a clausal or phrasal postmodifier, and (3) a simple or a complex postmodifier. In addition, the paper shows that the extent of variation among different varieties of English is dependent on variables crucial to the construction choices being investigated. For instance, in (1), a postmodifier is realised while no postmodifier is realised in (2). (1) My car which I just bought last week has been stolen, and (2) My car has been stolen.The NP in (1) is structurally complex because it realises the clausal type of post modifier, ‘which I just bought last week’. Meanwhile in (2), the NP (the car) lacks a postmodifier. In other words, the occurrence viz-a-viz non-occurrence of a postmodifier contributes to the overall structural and semantic complexity of the entire noun phrases, irrespective of the syntactic positions of the NP. Quantitative analyses of 8897 NPs indicate that in Nigerian NPs, a postmodifier is more unlikely to occur (61 %) than not (39 %). Further analyses show that prepositional phrase (57 %), rather than clause (32 %) or adjective (9 %) or adverbials (2 %), is the most preferred structural postmodifier type. It is also shown that realised postmodifiers are more likely to be structured in two-to-four words (51 %) than four-words above. As for the predictive strength of variables studied, syntactic function is found to edge register in asserting influence and explaining different scenarios and contexts where we might or might not find a postmodifier, together with its structural type and weight. In other words, register, which is reputed as a significant indicator of structural variation (Biber, 2007; De Haan, Pieter. 1993. Sentence Length in Running Text. In Souter, C. & E. Atwell (), Corpus-Based Computational Linguistics, 147–161. Amsterdam: Rodopi; Schilk and Schaub, 2016) is outweighed by syntactic function. The study further attests that significant structural simplification is largely present in the postmodifier structure of the Nigerian English noun phrase.
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Lau, Thu. "Noun Phrase Construction in Academic Research Articles." IJOHMN (International Journal online of Humanities) 3, no. 6 (December 23, 2017): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijohmn.v3i6.44.

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The study explored the syntactic complexity and semantic function of noun phrases in TESOL academic research articles. The corpus was comprised of 60 articles (572874 words) from three TESOL journals including TESOL Quarterly, TESOL Journal, and Journal of Second Language Writing. POS tagging was added to the corpus using TagAnt 1.2.0 (Anthony, 2015). A list of 20 highest-frequency nouns was generated using wordlist tool in AntConc 3.3.4 (Anthony, 2014). Based on the specific contexts of these nouns, the researcher analyzed the syntactic complexity of noun phrases in light of their pre-modifiers and post-modifiers. The semantic function of noun phrases was analyzed based on the excerpts generated by the Concordance tool. The results showed that the complexity of noun phrases was dependent on the complexity of their premodifiers and postmodifiers. A complex postmodifier usually contained more than one element, embedding prepositional phrases, nonfinite clauses, or relative clauses. The use of noun phrases enabled the writer to increase cohesion and coherence within and across the text. The findings were of value to both L2 learners and young scholars in developing their writing performance for the target journals in the field
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Ermawati, Fitri, and Mangantar Sitohang. "CODE MIXING IN A NOVEL CELEBRITY WEDDING BY ALIAZALEA." Journal of English Language and Literature (JELL) 4, no. 01 (March 1, 2019): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.37110/jell.v4i01.67.

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This study is aimed to describe code mixing facts or presence in the novel Celebrity Wedding by AliaZalea. In fact, there are a lot of factors that influence people using code mixing, to mention one or two, can be due to someone’s bilingualism or multilingualism condition. The writers use descriptive and content analysis method to analyze the forms code mixing, the types of phrases and compound of code mixing found in the novel Celebrity Wedding. The (English) data taken from the Novel are phrases, compounds. The writers then identified, collected, sorted and classified all the data, and made the analysis to find and determine the types of the phrases and the forms/types of modifiers present in the novel itself. From the result of analysis/discussion there are more Noun Phrase Types than Verb Phrase Types. There are five Noun Phrases containing premodifiers and four postmodifiers five containing both premodifiers, the dominant modifiers are Adjective followed by Noun the Preposition Phrases.
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Denison, David, Alan K. Scott, and Kersti Börjars. "The real distribution of the English “group genitive”." Studies in Language 34, no. 3 (December 31, 2010): 532–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.34.3.02den.

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The English possessive ’s (POSSLS) is widely regarded as a clitic which attaches at the right edge of noun phrases. The so-called “group genitive”, where POSSLS attaches after a postmodifier (the man in the corner’s hat), is crucial to theoretical accounts. We evaluate both theoretical and descriptive treatments. We then describe the actual use of POSSLS in the spoken component of the British National Corpus, with particular attention to postmodified possessors, demonstrating that the crucial pattern is surprisingly marginal and that at least one other pattern has been missed entirely. This leads to discussions of grammaticality versus usage, of postmodification, and of the factors that condition the use of possLs and their relevance to theory.
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Weinert, Regina. "Postmodifying verb-second clauses in spoken German." Functions of Language 19, no. 2 (October 2, 2012): 235–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/fol.19.2.04wei.

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This usage-based and corpus-based study examines the use of verb-second clauses as restrictive postmodifiers of noun phrases in spoken German (ich kenn leute die haben immer pech ‘I know people they are always unlucky’) in relation to verb-final relative clauses. Previous accounts largely work with de-contextualised and constructed data and stop short of accounting for the discourse function of verb-second postmodifying structures. The ratio of verb-final relative clauses to postmodifying verb-second clauses does not indicate a shift towards main clause syntax. Rather, the verb-second clauses form part of a set of existential or presentational and ascriptive copular constructions which serve to highlight properties of entities and/or introduce discourse topics. Relative clauses can be used for such functions, but this is not as common. The syntactic and semantic features associated with postmodifying verb-second clauses can be seen as a direct result of their discourse function, which only a corpus analysis could reveal. The paper also comments on the wider related aspects of verb position, clause combining and pronoun use in spoken German from the perspective of a usage-based language model.
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BIBER, DOUGLAS, and BETHANY GRAY. "Grammatical change in the noun phrase: the influence of written language use." English Language and Linguistics 15, no. 2 (June 8, 2011): 223–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674311000025.

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Many discussions of grammatical change have focused on grammatical innovation in the discourse contexts of conversational interaction. We argue here that it is also possible for grammatical innovation to emerge out of the communicative demands of written discourse. In particular, the distinctive communicative characteristics of academic writing (informational prose) have led to the development of a discourse style that relies heavily on nominal structures, with extensive phrasal modification and a relative absence of verbs. By tracking the historical development of this discourse style, we can also observe the development of particular grammatical functions that are emerging in writing. We focus here on two grammatical features – nouns as nominal premodifiers and prepositional phrases as nominal postmodifiers – analyzing their historical development over the last four centuries in a corpus of academic research writing (compared to other registers such as fiction, newspaper reportage and conversation). Our analysis shows that these grammatical features were quite restricted in function and variability in earlier historical periods of English. However, in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, they became much more frequent and productive, accompanied by major extensions in their functions, variants, and range of lexical associations. These extensions were restricted primarily to informational written discourse, illustrating ways in which new grammatical functions emerge in writing rather than speech.
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Pérez-Guerra, Javier. "A contrastive analysis of (English) ‘there’ and (Spanish) hay existential sentences." Languages in Contrast 12, no. 2 (October 29, 2012): 139–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.12.2.02per.

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This study is devoted to the grammatical, semantic and informative analysis of the so-called existential sentence (“There is a girl in the garden” in English, or Hay una niña en el jardín ‘There-is a girl in the garden’ in Spanish) in an attempt to establish a multi-linguistic prototype of the construction. To that end, data from several corpora of contemporary spoken English and Spanish are analysed in a number of ways, including the frequency of this construction in the two languages, the basic elements of its syntactic structure, and the semantic and informative constraints which operate in the existential/presentational construction. This study also deals with the degree of variation which these sentences exhibit and how this affects the selection of the marker of the construction (‘there’, hay), agreement between the marker or the verb and the postverbal noun phrase, the accommodation of additional constituents such as locative phrases or nominal postmodifiers and complements, the so-called indefiniteness restriction, and the compliance with general informative principles to which English and Spanish are claimed to be subject. A corpus-based contrastive methodology leads both to a prototypical and to a language-specific description of the existential construction in English and Spanish, in which the notion of grammatical, semantic and informative versatility plays a significant role.
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Fujimoto, Kenzo, Kenta Ishida, Li Xue, and Shigetaka Nakamura. "Effect of linker length on photo-cross-linking position mediated by click chemistry via [2 + 2]photocycloaddition." Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences 19, no. 6 (2020): 776–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0pp00098a.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Postmodifiers"

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Rödholm, Siegrist Helena. "Eine eindeutig traumabezogene Verhaltensweise : Optionen, Komplikationen und Implikationen bei der Übersetzung von pränominalen erweiterten Adjektiv- und Partizipialattributen aus dem Deutschen ins Schwedische." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-105046.

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This study investigates the Swedish translations of extended premodifiers in a non-fictional German text on pedagogical theory and practice. The aim is to analyse complications and implications connected to different translation options and strategies. The analysis is based on Solfjeld’s (2003, 2004) German-Norwegian translation studies, which propose a classification model for translation strategies for German extended premodifiers with regard to aspects of explicitation and implicitation. The results show relations between postnominal finite target clauses and explicitation on the one hand, and on the other hand between prenominal non-clausal units and implicitation. Explicitation tends to result in sentence splitting which affects the text length and text cohesion.In addition, the study defines three main categories of German extended modifiers. The first category of adverbial extender premodifiers describe time, degree, and perspective and can easily be transferred into Swedish premodifying structures. The second category includes objects or predicatives which must be transferred into postmodifying structures. For the extended premodifiers belonging to the third category, the transferring into pre- or postmodifying target structures is optional. The study shows that the complexity of the extended premodifiers is a crucial factor which determines the choice of translation strategy. While explicifying relative clauses have a high amount of correspondence with Swedish language structures, the analysis emphasizes that implicifying premodifying target structures have less negative impact on text length, sentence splitting and text cohesion.
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Laurer, Janin. "Die dort lebenden Bakterien oder Bakterien, die dort leben : Eine Studie von schwedischen nachgestellten Attributen und deren Übersetzung ins Deutsche." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-106686.

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This study concerns the translation of noun phrases and their postmodifiers from Swedish into German. More specifically, the aim is to investigate how Swedish prepositional and clausal (both finite and non-finite) postmodifiers are translated into German, to determine whether there aredifferences between the languages in how they structure their noun phrases. The material for this study comes from a popular science book and its translation. 282 instances of postmodifiers were found in the source text. The majority of them were prepositional modifiers. Seven translationstrategies were identified: prepositional, genitival, adjectival modifiers and appositions, clauses(relative and non-finite), compounds and paraphrases.The results show that the different Swedish postmodifiers were most commonly translated into the same kind of modifier, such as prepositional modifiers being translated into prepositionalmodifiers. However prepositional modifiers were also commonly translated into genitivalmodifiers, with 36 percent, which suggests that German prefers genitival modifiers to some degree. No new clausal modifiers were added in the German target text and 39 percent weretranslated using other strategies than clausal structures. This indicates that clausal modifiers are not as commonly used in German as they are in Swedish.
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Scholzová, Dagmar. "Překladové protějšky anglických postmodifikátorů." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-324937.

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The aim of this thesis is to compare the use of postmodifiers in an English source text and its Czech translation. 200 English postmodifiers are contrasted against their 200 Czech translation equivalents. These samples were excerpted from randomly chosen parts of four bilingual books written by British and American authors and translated by native speakers of Czech. 50 English samples and their translations were excerpted from each book. The 400 occurrences of postmodifiers and their equivalents are analyzed from a syntactico-semantic point of view, the aim being to determine the constancy of the syntactic functions of English postmodifiers in translation, as well as the constancy of their realization forms. The theoretical background part will present and compare postmodification and its realization forms in English and in Czech. The actual analysis of all 400 samples will examine both the frequency of individual postmodifier types in English, and the convergent and divergent realization forms of these in the Czech translation. Special heed will be paid to divergences arisen through different language facts, such as English non-finite verb forms or Czech case endings that enable nominal postmodification without a preposition. An attempt will be made to classify the non-postmodifying translation...
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Mašková, Martina. "Anglické participiální polovětné konstrukce a jejich české překladové protějšky." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-323445.

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The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyse and describe the Czech translation counterparts of English present- and perfect-participial clauses which function as postmodifiers and adverbials. Although there is a formal counterpart of the English participle - the transgressive - this form is considered very marked and archaic in Czech. Therefore, based on an analysis of 210 sentences excerpted from three American works of contemporary fiction, the thesis describes the recurrent patterns used in the translation of the forms in question. The analysis confirmed the findings of previous studies that while English prefers nominal and verbo- nominal means of expressions, Czech relies rather on verbal expression. The majority of the translation counterparts are divergent correspondences, above all finite clauses connected paratactically to the counterpart of the matrix clause. Although the translation of a participle by a finite verb form is more explicit, the coordinative relation makes it possible to retain the semantic indeterminacy of the relation between the clauses which is specific for participial constructions. Key words: participle, participial clause, transgressive, postmodifier, adverbial, translation counterparts
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Book chapters on the topic "Postmodifiers"

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Allen, Cynthia L. "Dealing with postmodified possessors in early English." In Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, 1–34. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/la.199.01all.

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"Postmodifiers 641–649." In A Communicative Grammar of English, 375–78. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315836041-59.

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Ktari, Imen. "Elaboration Postmodifiers in Academic and Popular Medical Articles." In Perspectives from Systemic Functional Linguistics, 367–80. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315299877-19.

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"Differences between English Subject Postmodifiers and Object Post-modifiers: From the Perspective of Dependency Distance." In Quantitative Analysis of Dependency Structures, 261–76. De Gruyter Mouton, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110573565-013.

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Udayshanker, Singh, Ruth T. Williams, Ian D. Salter, Keith R. Hallam, and Geoffrey C. Allen. "XPS studies of MCM 41 postmodified by a Schiff base copper complex." In Characterization of Porous Solids VI, Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on the Characterization of Porous Solids (COPS-VI), 639–46. Elsevier, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2991(02)80191-4.

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