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Journal articles on the topic 'Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Stojakovic, Milan. "Forensic psychiatric expertise: Posttraumatic stress disorder." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 139, suppl. 1 (2011): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh11s1046s.

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Introduction. This article presents our experiences in the field of forensic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Objective. The study examined parameters of 30 patients with PTSD who were the subject of forensic expertise (PTSDF) and in 30 patients with PTSD who were not (PTSDN). Methods. Clinical research and the battery of tests (Impact of Event Scale - IES, Mississippi Scale, and list of symptoms of PCL-M) covered a total of 60 male subjects with a verified diagnosis of PTSD. The study involved socio-demographic variables, catastrophic experience, enduring personality change after catast

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Segman, Ronnen H., and Arieh Y. Shalev. "Genetics of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." CNS Spectrums 8, no. 9 (2003): 693–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900008889.

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ABSTRACTPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent anxiety disorder marked by behavioral, physiologic, and hormonal alterations. PTSD is disabling and commonly follows a chronic course. The etiology of PTSD is unknown, although exposure to a traumatic event constitutes a necessary, but not sufficient, factor. A twin study of Vietnam veterans has shown significant genetic contribution to PTSD. The fact that PTSD's underlying genotypic vulnerability is only expressed following trauma exposure limits the usefulness of family-based linkage approaches. In contrast to the other major psychi

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Spoont, Michele. "Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)." JAMA 314, no. 5 (2015): 532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2015.8109.

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Ličanin, Ifeta, and Amira Redžić. "Posttraumatic stress disorder (ptsd) and co-morbidity." Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 2, no. 1-2 (2002): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2002.3583.

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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) very often occurs accompanied with other psychiatric disorders such as: Alcohol and Drug abuse, Personality Disorder, General Anxiety Disorder, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Schizophrenia etc. Sometimes it might be a problem for clinicians to differ PTSD symptoms from symptoms of coexisting psychic disorders. The aim of this study was to present the most common PTSD coexisting psycho-disorders. This research was conducted during the period from April 1998 to October 1999. Participants were divided in two groups each containing 30 examinees. The first group

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Lindley, Steven E., Eve Carlson, and Javaid Sheikh. "Psychotic Symptoms in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." CNS Spectrums 5, no. 9 (2000): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900021659.

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AbstractRecent data suggest that the presence of psychotic symptoms in patients suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may represent an underrecognized and unique subtype of PTSD. Among combat veterans with PTSD, 30% to 40% report auditory or visual hallucinations and/or delusions. The presence of psychotic symptoms in PTSD is associated with a more severe level of psychopathology, similar to that of chronic schizophrenia. In this review, the differential diagnosis of psychotic symptoms in PTSD is discussed, including possible comorbid schizophrenia, psychotic depression, substanc

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Petrova, N. N., B. G. Butoma, and M. V. Dorofeikova. "Potential Biomarkers of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." Psikhiatriya 19, no. 3 (2021): 90–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.30629/2618-6667-2021-19-3-90-99.

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Background: although the search for biomarkers of mental disorders that is aimed at improving diagnosis, individualizing therapy based on knowledge of pathophysiological processes and preventing the development of mental illness is actively underway for endogenous mental disorders, the study of biological markers in non-endogenous mental disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in particular has received much less attention. Aim: to analyze current state of research dedicated to genetic and biochemical biomarkers that can be used to identify high risk groups and clarify the diagnosis

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Petrova, N. N., B. G. Butoma, and M. V. Dorofeikova. "Potential Biomarkers of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." Psikhiatriya 19, no. 3 (2021): 90–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.30629/2618-6667-2021-19-3-90-99.

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Background: although the search for biomarkers of mental disorders that is aimed at improving diagnosis, individualizing therapy based on knowledge of pathophysiological processes and preventing the development of mental illness is actively underway for endogenous mental disorders, the study of biological markers in non-endogenous mental disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in particular has received much less attention. Aim: to analyze current state of research dedicated to genetic and biochemical biomarkers that can be used to identify high risk groups and clarify the diagnosis

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Malek-Ahmadi, Parviz. "Gabapentin and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 37, no. 5 (2003): 664–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1c082.

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OBJECTIVE: To report the effects of gabapentin in a patient with concurrent depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and review the use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in PTSD. CASE SUMMARY: A 37-year-old Latin American woman was being treated for major depression and PTSD. While the depressive symptoms were in remission, she reported a significant reduction in the frequency of her flashbacks after gabapentin was added to venlafaxine. She did not receive any type of psychotherapy. The flashbacks recurred after she discontinued gabapentin. DISCUSSION: While the improvement reported by

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Sattar, S. Pirzada, Bernadette Ucci, Kathleen Grant, Subhash C. Bhatia, and Frederick Petty. "Quetiapine Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 36, no. 12 (2002): 1875–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1c040.

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OBJECTIVE: To report a case of improvement in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after adjunctive therapy with quetiapine. CASE SUMMARY: A 49-year-old white man witnessed a traumatic event and experienced severe PTSD. He was started on paroxetine, with increases in dosage and no significant improvement. Quetiapine was added to his regimen, with increased doses resulting in improvement of PTSD symptoms, both clinically and as measured on the Hamilton-D rating scale for depression and the clinician-administered PTSD screen. DISCUSSION: This is the first case published in the English language l

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Carlier, Ingrid V. E., and Berthold P. R. Gersons. "Partial Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)." Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 183, no. 2 (1995): 107–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005053-199502000-00008.

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11

Scott, J. Cobb, Steven Paul Woods, Kristen M. Wrocklage, Brian C. Schweinsburg, Steven M. Southwick, and John H. Krystal. "Prospective Memory in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 22, no. 7 (2016): 724–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617716000564.

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AbstractObjectives: Neuropsychological studies of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have revealed deficits in attention/working memory, processing speed, executive functioning, and retrospective memory. However, little is known about prospective memory (PM) in PTSD, a clinically relevant aspect of episodic memory that supports the encoding and retrieval of intentions for future actions. Methods: Here we examined PM performance in 40 veterans with PTSD compared to 38 trauma comparison (TC) veterans who were exposed to combat but did not develop PTSD. All participants were administered the Me

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Precin, Pat. "Pretraumatic stress prevention (PTSP) versus posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)." Work 38, no. 1 (2011): 89–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-2011-1108.

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Aukst-Margetić, B., G. Toić, Z. Furjan, A. Boban, and B. Margetić. "Stigma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70751-5.

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Goal:To assess perception of stigma in patients suffering from combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder.Methods:Sixty one veterans from 1991-1995 war in Croatia (mean age 43,8 years SD 6,3) with diagnosis of PTSD according to the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases hospitalized consecutively on acute psychiatric department during 6 months were assessed. Stigma was measured with Internalized Stigma Mental Illness inventory that has five subscales: Alienation; Stereotype Endorsement; Perceived Discrimination; Social Withdrawal and Stigma Resistance, and with Devalua

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Lutgendorf, Monica A., Radhika Tyagi, Sarah Edwards, et al. "Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Pregnancy Outcomes." O&G Open 2, no. 1 (2025): e060. https://doi.org/10.1097/og9.0000000000000060.

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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence and effect of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on pregnancy outcomes among individuals with military health care. METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study of pregnant individuals receiving care at a military tertiary care center from 2014 to 2018. Participants were screened for PTSD with the PTSD Checklist for civilians and for military service members, as well as for traumatic experiences, combat exposure, risk drinking, and depression. Pregnancy outcomes included preterm birth, fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus

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So, Christine J., Katherine E. Miller, and Philip R. Gehrman. "Sleep Disturbances Associated With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." Psychiatric Annals 53, no. 11 (2023): 491–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20231012-01.

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Sleep disturbances, namely insomnia and recurrent nightmares, are ubiquitous following trauma exposure and are considered hallmarks of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Other sleep disorders frequently co-occur with PTSD. This article describes research examining sleep problems most common in PTSD, including prevalence and clinical characteristics. Sleep disturbances are often robust to trauma-focused treatment; thus, evidence for psychological and pharmacological interventions for insomnia and nightmares in PTSD are discussed. Given the high prevalence of sleep problems in PTSD, more work

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Vermetten, E. "Pain processing in posttraumatic stress disorder." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (2011): 2132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73835-4.

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Although posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with chronic pain, preliminary evidence suggests reduced experimental pain sensitivity in this disorder. The questions addressed in the present study were whether pain perception would also be reduced in PTSD patients who are not suffering from chronic pain symptoms, and whether a reduction in pain sensitivity would also be present in combat veterans who did not develop PTSD. For this, we determined thermal detection and pain thresholds in 10 male combat-related PTSD patients, 10 combat control subjects (no PTSD) and 10 healthy contro

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Cyr, Monica, and Merry Kathleen Farrar. "Treatment for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 34, no. 3 (2000): 366–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.19120.

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OBJECTIVE: To thoroughly and critically review the pharmacologic treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and to review the symptomatology, diagnosis, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and assessment of PTSD. DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search (1966–October 1999) in the English language specifying PTSD drug treatment as the search term was used to identify articles. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: All articles identified were reviewed; emphasis was given to randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. DATA SYNTHESIS: It appears that a five-week medication trial is necessary to

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Solomon, Zahava, and Avi Bleich. "Comorbidity of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression in Israeli Veterans." CNS Spectrums 3, S2 (1998): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900007288.

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AbstractThis article reviews a series of studies conducted on Israeli war veterans that assessed the interrelationship of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and comorbid disorder, focusing on five issues in particular: (1) the frequency of comorbidity among veterans diagnosed with PTSD; (2) how this comorbidity can be accounted for; (3) whether PTSDs with and without comorbidity are different; (4) the validity of PTSD as a distinct diagnosis; and (5) the clinical implications of comorbidity of PTSD.

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Azka Rusyda, Humaira, Anjely Doni Lasmi, Salwa Khairunnisa, and Visakha Vidyadevi Wiguna. "Posttraumatic Stress Disorder pada Anak." Jurnal Syntax Fusion 1, no. 10 (2021): 578–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.54543/fusion.v1i10.83.

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Gangguan kecemasan yang mungkin terjadi setelah mengalami atau menyaksikan peristiwa traumatis disebut gangguan stres pascatrauma (PTSD). Peristiwa traumatis termasuk pelecehan atau pelecehan fisik atau seksual, cedera, kekerasan, kecelakaan di jalan, trauma perang, luka bakar parah dan bencana. Hingga 18 judul topik, pencarian kata kunci dan sumber dari Google Scholar dan National Center for Biotechnology Information/NCBI dilakukan di portal online publikasi jurnal, dengan kata kunci PTSD. PTSD didefinisikan sebagai "peristiwa traumatis yang dialami atau disaksikan secara langsung oleh seseor

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Havelka Meštrović, Ana, Marina Domijan, Vlatko Mičković, and Zoran Lončar. "Cognitive Functions in Combat Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." Collegium antropologicum 44, no. 4 (2020): 199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.5671/ca.44.4.2.

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Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with changes in cognitive functions. The aim of the study was to investigate differences in cognitive abilities between PTSD patients and healthy controls. As PTSD is often accompanied by comorbidity, the PTSD patients with comorbid diagnoses were also included in our study. The study participants included 254 Croatian combat veterans (60 PTSD and 194 PTSD plus comorbidity) and control group of 125 healthy Croatian military and civilian pilots. The diagnosis of PTSD was made by clinical scale for PTSD assessment (CAPS), while cognitive abiliti

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VASTERLING, JENNIFER J., LISA M. DUKE, HOLLY TOMLIN, NATASHA LOWERY, and EDITH KAPLAN. "Global–local visual processing in posttraumatic stress disorder." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 10, no. 5 (2004): 709–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617704105031.

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The purpose of this study was to examine a behavioral index of hemispheric asymmetry (i.e., visual hierarchical attention) in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a disorder characterized by anxiety and other emotional symptoms. A reaction time based, computerized, global–local visual paradigm was administered to 26 PTSD-diagnosed and 22 psychopathology-free right-handed, male Vietnam War zone veterans. Results indicated that PTSD-diagnosed veterans displayed slower reaction times to all targets than the no-mental disorders comparison sample. However, findings also revealed a Group × Target l

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Pratchett, Laura C., and Rachel Yehuda. "Foundations of posttraumatic stress disorder: Does early life trauma lead to adult posttraumatic stress disorder?" Development and Psychopathology 23, no. 2 (2011): 477–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579411000186.

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AbstractThe effects of childhood abuse are diverse, and although pathology is not the only outcome, psychiatric illness, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), can develop. However, adult PTSD is less common among those who experienced single-event traumas as children than it is among those who experienced childhood abuse. In addition, PTSD is more common among adults than children who experienced childhood abuse. Such evidence raises doubt about the direct, causal link between childhood trauma and adult PTSD. The experience of childhood trauma, and in particular abuse, has been ident

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Lee, Seung-Hoon, Changsu Han, Junhyung Kim, et al. "Embitterment in Vietnam War Veterans Predicted by Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." Psychiatry Investigation 21, no. 2 (2024): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.30773/pi.2023.0299.

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Objective Research on the association between posttraumatic embitterment disorder (PTED) and other psychopathologies in veterans and adults aged ≥65 years is lacking. This study aimed to assess embitterment among elderly war veterans and its association with major psychopathological factors.Methods Participants included Vietnam War veterans who visited a psychiatric clinic. Based on the Posttraumatic Embitterment Disorder Self-Rating Scale (PTEDS) score, the participants were divided into the embitterment (PTED(+), mean score of PTEDS items [mPTEDS] ≥1.6) and non-embitterment (PTED(-), mPTEDS

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Yakupova, V. A., M. A. Anikeeva, and A. D. Suarez. "Postpartum Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Review." Клиническая и специальная психология 12, no. 2 (2023): 70–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2023120204.

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<p style="text-align: justify;">Postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder (PP-PTSD) is quite common, with long-term adverse impact on mothers and their children. According to various studies, 3% to 45.5% of women perceive their childbirth experience as traumatic, and 3.1% to 43% further develop postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder. PP-PTSD is a relatively new field of study, therefore, there is a need in systematization of the data published on this topic so far. This is a review of studies on risk factors for PP-PTSD, including past traumatic experience, and its negative impact on mo

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Mirzamani, Mahmoud, and Derek Bolton. "PTSD Symptoms of Mothers following Occurrence of a Disaster Affecting Their Children." Psychological Reports 90, no. 2 (2002): 431–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2002.90.2.431.

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This study investigated the PTSD symptoms of 37 mothers whose adolescent children had been directly involved in a disaster, the Jupiter sinking in 1988. This group included mothers whose children were (a) not diagnosed with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and (b) were diagnosed with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. The measure used was the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Scale. Women whose children were involved in the disaster presented PTSD symptoms. 35% ( n = 13) were diagnosed with PTSD 3 mo. after the disaster, and 8% ( n = 3) of them were diagnosed with PTSD 6 yr. afterward. This effec

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Laukkala, Tanja, Robert Bor, Bruce Budowle, et al. "Pilot Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Fatal Aviation Accidents." Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors 8, no. 2 (2018): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/2192-0923/a000144.

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Abstract. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) database was searched to identify fatal accidents in aviation related to trauma and stressor-related disorders in the United States and the medical requirements of aviation authorities were assessed. Between 2000 and 2015, eight pilots with a diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; of which two were aviation-related PTSDs) died in aviation accidents. These results indicate a minimum frequency of history of diagnosed PTSD in aviation fatalities to be 8 out of 4,862 fatal accidents (0.16%) in the United States. The guidance from

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McGorry, Patrick D. "The Clinical Boundaries of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 29, no. 3 (1995): 385–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679509064945.

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Three sets of clinical boundaries exist for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as for all concepts of psychiatric disorder. The first involves the border with normal psychology in general, and with the normal psychology of stress response in particular. This boundary can be surveyed from a number of vantage points and the maps which result will not necessarily correspond. The second boundary issue involves internal boundaries between psychiatric disorders, specifically between PTSD and other concepts of disorder. The high level of comorbidity documented in PTSD has ensured that this aspect

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Walsh, Kate, David DiLillo, Alicia Klanecky, and Dennis McChargue. "Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 28, no. 3 (2012): 558–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260512455511.

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Sexual assault occurring when the victim is unable to consent or resist due to the use or administration of alcohol or drugs (i.e., incapacitated/drug-or-alcohol facilitated rape; IR/DAFR) is a particularly prevalent form of victimization experienced by college women. By definition, substance use precedes IR/DAFR; however, few studies have examined other potential risk factors for IR/DAFR that may be unique from those associated with forcible rape (FR; i.e., sexual assault occurring due to threats or physical restraint). The present investigation tested a model of risk for IR/DAFR and FR sugge

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Sabic, D., and A. Sabic. "Embitterment in war veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (2017): S359—S360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.354.

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The aim of this study was to analyse frequency of embitterment in war veterans with Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as well as the potential impact of embitterment on the development of chronic PTSD.Patients and methodsIt was analyzed 174 subjects (from Health Center Zivinice/mental health center) through a survey conducted in the period from March 2015 to June 2016, of which 87 war veterans with PTSD and control subjects 87 war veterans without PTSD. The primary outcome measure was the post-traumatic embitterment disorder self-rating scale (PTED Scale) who contains 19 items designed to a

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Zhu, Jingyi. "The Impact and Interventions of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." SHS Web of Conferences 157 (2023): 04009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202315704009.

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The pervasiveness of Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and its detrimental effects on sufferers, society, and the economy at large underscore the importance of interventions for PTSD. This mental disorder is currently documented in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5-TR) as an anxiety illness. This article explores the negative effects of PTSD on individuals and those around them and analyzes various PTSD interventions. Major negative effects include effects on individuals, effects on family relationships, and effects on parent-child relationships. Interventions

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De Jong, J. "Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) for Posttraumatic stress disorder." European Psychiatry 65, S1 (2022): S397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1004.

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Introduction Therapies focused on exposure like prolonged exposure (PE) or Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) dominate the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). There are many patients with PTSD who are not fully responding with exposure-therapies. or don’t want exposure therapies at all. Many patients don’t like to be confronted with elements of their traumatic experience. IPT has proven to be highly efficient in e.g. depression and bulimia and is promising as a treatment for PTSD while NOT using exposure. IPT aims to repair the damage trauma does to interperson

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Pervanidou, Panagiota, Gerasimos Makris, George Chrousos, and Agorastos Agorastos. "Early Life Stress and Pediatric Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." Brain Sciences 10, no. 3 (2020): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10030169.

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Traumatic stress exposure during critical periods of development may have essential and long-lasting effects on the physical and mental health of individuals. Two thirds of youth are exposed to potentially traumatic experiences by the age of 17, and approximately 5% of adolescents meet lifetime criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The role of the stress system is the maintenance of homeostasis in the presence of real/perceived and acute/chronic stressors. Early-life stress (ELS) has an impact on neuronal brain networks involved in stress reactions, and could exert a programming e

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Falsetti, Sherry A., Jeannine Monnier, Joanne L. Davis, and Heidi S. Resnick. "Intrusive Thoughts in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 16, no. 2 (2002): 127–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/jcop.16.2.127.63993.

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This article reviews the literature on prevalence, associated features, assessment, and treatment of intrusive symptoms associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Research indicates that among trauma survivors, intrusive thoughts and imagery are quite common and distressing. It appears that early intrusions may be predictive of long-term distress and that avoidance and suppression can maintain intrusions. The treatment outcome literature for PTSD indicates that current cognitive behavioral treatments are effective in reducing intrusions. New data from a recent treatment outcome stud

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Thomson, Paula, and S. Victoria Jaque. "Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Psychopathology in Dancers." Medical Problems of Performing Artists 30, no. 3 (2015): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2015.3030.

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This study investigated the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in pre-professional and professional dancers (n=209) who were exposed to traumatic events. Nine self-report instruments assessed (1) adverse childhood experiences, (2) past traumatic events, (3) coping strategies under stressful situations, and (4) fantasy proneness. The psychopathology variables included (5) anxiety, (6) depression, (7) dissociation, (8) shame, and (9) PTSD diagnostic scale. Statistical calculations included descriptive, distributional, and multivariate analysis of covariates (MANCOVA). Results ind

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Bryant, Richard A., and Allison G. Harvey. "Delayed-Onset Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Prospective Evaluation." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 36, no. 2 (2002): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.2002.01009.x.

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Objective: Delayed onset posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) refers to PTSD that develops at least 6 months after the traumatic event. This study aimed to index the features of patients who develop delayed-onset PTSD. Method: This study investigated delayed onset PTSD by prospectively assessing 103 motor vehicle accident survivors within 1 month of the motor vehicle accident for acute stress disorder, and subsequently assessing them for PTSD 6 months post-accident, and 2 years post-accident. Patients were initially assessed for symptoms of traumatic stress, anxiety, depression, and resting he

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Kamra, Mihir, Shan Dhaliwal, Wenshan Li, et al. "Physician Posttraumatic Stress Disorder During COVID-19." JAMA Network Open 7, no. 7 (2024): e2423316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.23316.

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ImportanceThe COVID-19 pandemic placed many physicians in situations of increased stress and challenging resource allocation decisions. Insight into the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder in physicians and its risk factors during the COVID-19 pandemic will guide interventions to prevent its development.ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic and examine variations based on factors, such as sex, age, medical specialty, and career stage.Data SourcesA Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Me

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Breslau, Naomi. "Epidemiologic Studies of Trauma, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and other Psychiatric Disorders." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 47, no. 10 (2002): 923–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370204701003.

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This paper reviews recent epidemiologic studies of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the general population. Estimates of the prevalence of exposure to traumatic events vary with the method used to ascertain trauma exposure and the definition of the stressor criterion. Changes in the DSM-IV definition of “stressor” have increased the number of traumatic events experienced in the community that can be used to diagnose PTSD and thus, the number of PTSD cases. Risk factors for PTSD in adults vary across studies. The 3 factors identified as having relatively uniform effects are 1) preexistin

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Moss, Donald, Fredric Shaffer, and Matthew Watkins. "Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Level 4 – Efficacious." Biofeedback 50, no. 1 (2022): 3–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5298/1081-5937-50.1.02.

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Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychophysiological disorder characterized by chronic sympathetic nervous system activation, persisting perceptual/sensory vigilance for threats, and recurrent distressing memories of a traumatic event. Persons with PTSD frequently experience intrusive memories, nightmares, and flashbacks lived as if in the present moment. Many also exhibit a persisting negative emotional state, including fear, anger, guilt, and shame (Badour et al., 2017; Moss, 2017). PTSD often produces significant disability, lowered quality of life, and functional impairment (Alons

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Campbell, Rebecca L., and Anne Germain. "Nightmares and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)." Current Sleep Medicine Reports 2, no. 2 (2016): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40675-016-0037-0.

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Tan, Gabriel, Penelope Wang, and Jay Ginsberg. "Heart Rate Variability and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." Biofeedback 41, no. 3 (2013): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5298/1081-5937-41.3.05.

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The psychophysiology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) points towards autonomic dysregulation—specifically, elevated sympathetic response and attenuated parasympathetic response. In view of this, heart rate variability (HRV) biofeedback has been applied and tested as a treatment for PTSD. Review of existing published research suggests that HRV biofeedback seems promising as a treatment for PTSD, both in significantly alleviating the symptoms and in improving cognition for those suffering from PTSD. Drop-out rate is low, and inexpensive and portable HRV biofeedback devices such as the Str

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Deters, Pamela B., and Lillian M. Range. "Does Writing Reduce Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms?" Violence and Victims 18, no. 5 (2003): 569–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/vivi.2003.18.5.569.

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To see if writing about their trauma lessened PTSD and related symptoms, 57 undergraduates, previously screened for traumatic experiences, wrote for 15 minutes on 4 days across 2 weeks about either their trauma or a trivial topic. They reported PTSD, impact, suicide ideas, dissociation, and depression pre-, post-, and at 6-week follow-up testing. Trauma and trivial writers were not different. Surprisingly, at follow-up everyone reported less severe PTSD symptoms, impact, and dissociation, and fewer health visits, but about the same suicidal ideation and depression. On PTSD symptoms and impact,

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Bryant, Richard A., and Allison G. Harvey. "Gender Differences in the Relationship Between Acute Stress Disorder and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Following Motor Vehicle Accidents." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 37, no. 2 (2003): 226–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.2003.01130.x.

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Objective: Acute stress disorder (ASD) describes initial posttraumatic stress reactions that purportedly predict subsequent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study aimed to index the influence of gender on the relationship between ASD and PTSD. Method: Motor vehicle accident survivors were assessed for ASD within 1-month posttrauma (n = 171) and were subsequently assessed for PTSD 6-months later (n = 134). Results: Acute stress disorder was diagnosed in 8% of males and 23% of females, and PTSD was diagnosed in 15% of males and 38% of females. In terms of patients followed up at 6 mont

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Khaitovych, M. V., and O. M. Misiura. "EPIDEMIOLOGY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND TREATMENT OF POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER. Review." Medical Science of Ukraine (MSU) 18, no. 1 (2022): 40–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32345/2664-4738.1.2022.07.

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Relevance. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) occurs in people who have suffered a traumatic event (during war, natural disaster, domestic violence, etc.) sometimes even many years after the injury, causing changes in psychological and behavioral levels. Objective is to consider current data on the prevalence, pathophysiology and therapy of patients with PTSD. Methods. Analysis of data presented by PubMed by keywords "posttraumatic stress", "prevalence", "pathophysiology", "psychotherapy", "psychopharmacology". Results. PTSD is observed in 5-10% of the population, twice as

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Eagle, G. T. "Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): The Malleable Diagnosis?" South African Journal of Psychology 32, no. 2 (2002): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/008124630203200205.

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The paper seeks to raise questions about the rigour of psychiatric diagnosis with specific reference to the diagnostic category of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It is argued that because of the inclusion of the stressor criterion (verifiable exposure to an external event) PTSD is very much located in consensual reality. In addition, because of its application to victims in extremity, the diagnosis cannot help but engage with people who are at the receiving end of abuses of power. Such characteristics shape PTSD as a somewhat uniquely socially-located diagnostic category and bring speci

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Wheler, G. H. Trevor, David Brandon, Aaron Clemons, et al. "Cortisol Production Rate in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 91, no. 9 (2006): 3486–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2006-0061.

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Abstract Context: Several authors have reported the unsuspected finding of low cortisol levels (urinary, salivary, and serum) in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Objective: Our objective was to assess concentrations of cortisol and its predominant metabolites, cortisol production rate (CPR), and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) binding characteristics in PTSD compared with normal subjects. Design: Matched PTSD patients and control subjects had CPR determined by a stable isotope dilution technique after infusion of deuterated cortisol. Serum cortisol, urinary cortisol, and its me

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Schmidt, Ulrike, Florian Holsboer, and Theo Rein. "Epigenetic Aspects of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." Disease Markers 30, no. 2-3 (2011): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/343616.

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Development of psychiatric diseases such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) invokes, as with most complex diseases, both genetic and environmental factors. The era of genome-wide high throughput technologies has sparked the initiation of genotype screenings in large cohorts of diseased and control individuals, but had limited success in identification of disease causing genetic variants. It has become evident that these efforts at the genomic level need to be complemented with endeavours in elucidating the proteome, transcriptome and epigenetic profiles. Epigenetics is attractive in parti

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Voicehovskis, Vladimirs, Gunta Ancāne, Jūlija Voicehovska, et al. "Oxidative Stress Parameters in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Risk Group Patients." Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences 66, no. 6 (2012): 242–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10046-012-0016-x.

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Increased excitotoxity in response to stressors leads to oxidative stress (OS) due to accumulation of excess reactive oxygen/nitrogen species. Neuronal membrane phospholipids are especially susceptible to oxidative damage, which alters signal transduction mechanisms. The Contingent of International Operations (CIO) has been subjected to various extreme stressors that could cause Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Former studies suggest that heterogeneity due to gender, race, age, nutritional condition and variable deployment factors and stressors produce challenges in studying these process

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Alderman, Christopher P., Linda C. McCarthy, John T. Condon, Anita C. Marwood, and Judith R. Fuller. "Topiramate in Combat-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 43, no. 4 (2009): 635–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1l578.

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Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disabling psychiatric disorder that is common among combat veterans and may lead to very poor sleep and disturbing nightmares. Objective: To examine the safety and effectiveness of topiramate as add-on therapy for the management of combat-related PTSD and to examine the effects of topiramate on sleep and alcohol consumption. Methods: We conducted an 8-week open-label pilot study of topiramate (or male combat veterans (N = 43) with PTSD, with analysis of veterans who completed the protocol. Psychometric, sleep, and alcohol consumption assess

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Kazlauskas, Evaldas, and Paulina Zelviene. "Association between posttraumatic stress and acceptance of social changes: Findings from a general population study and proposal of a new concept." International Journal of Social Psychiatry 63, no. 2 (2017): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020764016687788.

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Background: There is a growing understanding of the importance of the social factors of posttraumatic stress disorder. Aims: This study expands research on association between posttraumatic stress and social factors by introducing the measure of the acceptance of social changes and evaluating possible links between posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and acceptance of social changes. Methods: A general population sample ( n = 778) aged from 18 to 89 years ( M = 40.2) from Lithuania participated in our study, of whom 68% reported exposure to traumatic events. Posttraumatic stress reactions w

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Nietlisbach, Gabriela, Andreas Maercker, Wulf Rösler, and Helene Haker. "Are Empathic Abilities Impaired in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder?" Psychological Reports 106, no. 3 (2010): 832–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.106.3.832-844.

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Trauma survivors with PTSD show social interaction and relationship impairments. It is hypothesized that traumatic experiences lead to known PTSD symptoms, empathic ability impairment, and difficulties in sharing affective, emotional, or cognitive states. A PTSD group ( N = 16) and a nontraumatized Control group ( N = 16) were compared on empathic abilities, namely the Empathic Resonance Test, Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test, and Faux Pas Test. The Interpersonal Reactivity Index as a self-report measure of empathy and measures of nonsocial cognitive functions, namely the Verbal Fluency Test,

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