Relevant bibliographies by topics / Potassium compounds

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Potassium compounds'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Potassium compounds"

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Li, Guiying, Thaesong Kim, Runxia Huang, Dingyuan Hu, Shucong Shi, and Han Wang. "Synthesis, anti-inflammatory and analgesia activities of diclofenac and their derivatives." Materials Express 12, no. 6 (June 1, 2022): 865–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/mex.2022.2209.

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Diclofenac potassium was synthesized from aniline and chloroacetyl chloride. The reaction of diclofenac potassium with calcium sulphate dihydrate and ammonium sulphate yielded diclofenac calcium and diclofenac ammonium, respectively. After diclofenac potassium was acidized with hydrochloride, the esterification of attained diclofenac with absolute methanol and absolute ethanol yielded compounds diclofenac methyl ester and diclofenac ethyl ester, respectively. Among the five compounds, diclofenac calcium and diclofenac ammonium are new compounds, and their synthetic methods have not been reported in the world. Every synthesized compound and intermediate were measured their 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR spectra. Analgesic activity of the target compounds was screened using acetic acid writhing test of mice and anti-inflammatory activity of the compounds was tested by xylene-induced ear swelling of mice. The results showed that all the 5 compounds had strong analgesic activity and anti-inflammatory activity. Among them, diclofenac methyl ester is the strongest, its analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects were stronger than the clinical use of diclofenac potassium.
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Kayser, Christian, Roland Fischer, Judith Baumgartner, and Christoph Marschner. "Tailor-made Oligosilyl Potassium Compounds." Organometallics 21, no. 6 (March 2002): 1023–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om010815w.

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Mordkovich, V. Z., Y. Ohki, S. Yoshimura, S. Hino, T. Yamashita, and T. Enoki. "Potassium-oxygen graphite intercalation compounds." Synthetic Metals 68, no. 1 (December 1994): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0379-6779(94)90150-3.

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Cemeli, Eduard, Ricard Marcos, and Diana Anderson. "Genotoxic and antigenotoxic properties of selenium compounds in thein vitromicronucleus assay with human whole blood lymphocytes and tk6 lymphoblastoid cells." Scientific World JOURNAL 6 (2006): 1202–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2006.204.

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Selenium is known to possess both genotoxic and antigenotoxic properties. In the present study, we have evaluated the genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity of three selenium compounds (sodium selenate, sodium selenite and selenous acid) by measuring in vitro micronucleus induction. Assays were conducted in whole blood lymphocytes and in the TK6 lymphoblastoid cell line, with and without co-treatment with potassium dichromate, a known genotoxic compound. In general, the compounds were more active in TK6 cells than they were in blood lymphocytes. Only 1 μM selenous acid increased the frequency of binucleated cells containing micronuclei (BNMN) in blood lymphocytes, while all three selenium compounds increased BNMN in TK6 cells. In addition, combinations of selenous acid and potassium dichromate resulted in lower frequencies of BNMN than potassium dichromate alone in blood lymphocytes, while combinations of sodium selenate and potassium dichromate produced lower frequencies of BNMN than potassium dichromate alone in TK6 cells. The concentrations of selenium compounds that were used, in combination with the medium components and the biological physiology of the whole blood lymphocytes and TK6 cells, could have affected the redox potential of the compounds, switching the chemicals from a pro-oxidant to antioxidant status and vice-versa. The lower activities of the compounds in blood lymphocytes may be due to the protective effects of blood components. The results indicate that the genotoxic and antigenotoxic properties of selenium compounds are highly dependent upon the conditions under which they are evaluated.
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Savchenkov, Anton V., Anna V. Vologzhanina, Larisa B. Serezhkina, Denis V. Pushkin, and Viktor N. Serezhkin. "The first uranyl complexes with valerate ions." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 69, no. 7 (June 13, 2013): 721–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270113014832.

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FT–IR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray structure analysis were used to characterize the discrete neutral compound diaquadioxidobis(n-valerato-κ2O,O′)uranium(VI), [UO2(C4H9COO)2(H2O)2], (I), and the ionic compound potassium dioxidotris(n-valerato-κ2O,O′)uranium(VI), K[UO2(C4H9COO)3], (II). The UVIcation in neutral (I) is at a site of 2/msymmetry. Potassium salt (II) has two U centres and two K+cations residing on twofold axes, while a third independent formula unit is on a general position. The ligands in both compounds were found to suffer severe disorder. The FT–IR spectroscopic results agree with the X-ray data. The composition and structure of the ionic potassium uranyl valerate are similar to those of previously reported potassium uranyl complexes with acetate, propionate and butyrate ligands. Progressive lengthening of the alkyl groups in these otherwise similar compounds was found to have an impact on their structures, including on the number of independent U and K+sites, on the coordination modes of some of the K+centres and on the minimum distances between U atoms. The evolution of the KUO6frameworks in the four homologous compounds is analysed in detail, revealing a new example of three-dimensional topological isomerism in coordination compounds of UVI.
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Atou, T., M. Hasegawa, L. J. Parker, and J. V. Badding. "Unusual Chemical Behavior for Potassium under Pressure: Potassium−Silver Compounds." Journal of the American Chemical Society 118, no. 48 (January 1996): 12104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja9627003.

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Schollmeier, Thorsten, Ulrich Englich, Roland Fischer, Ingo Prass, Karin Ruhlandt, Markus Schürmann, and Frank Uhlig. "Synthesis and Reactivity of Novel Alkali Metal Stannides." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 59, no. 11-12 (December 1, 2004): 1462–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2004-11-1215.

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Reactivity and side products of reactions of diorganodihydridostannanes (R2SnH2, R = Me, nBu, tBu)) with various alkali metal compounds have been discussed. Alternatively, the synthesis and characterization of a family of novel potassium stannides are described as well. The compounds of type (RR’2Si)R”2SnK (R, R’= Me, Ph; R”= , Me, tBu, Ph) 4 - 9 were synthesized by reaction of potassium hydride with bis(silyl)stannides ((RR’2Si)2SnR”2). All compounds were characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. In addition, the tri-tert-butyltin compound 3 (LiSntBu3) and the unsymmetrical silyl substituted stannane 10 were characterized by X-ray crystallography.
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Dhol, S. R., P. M. Gami, R. C. Khunt, and A. R. Parikh. "Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Arylamides Containing 1,2,4-triazole Nuclei for Possible Antimicrobial Activity." E-Journal of Chemistry 1, no. 5 (2004): 228–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2004/240397.

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Diphenyl aceto hydrazide on reaction with carbon disulfide and potassium hydroxide gave potassiumα,α-diphenyl acetamido dithiocarbamate, which on cyclisation with hydrazine hydrate yielded key intermediate 3-mercapto-4,N-amino-5-benzhydryl-1,2,4-triazoles. The key intermediate on condensation with different acid chloride afforded our titled compounds. The synthesised compounds have been confirmed elemental analyses and further supported by spectral data. All the synthesised compounds have been evaluated for theirin vitroin vitro antimicrobial activity.
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Shaabani, Ahmad, Farahnaz Tavasoli‐Rad, and Donald G. Lee. "Potassium Permanganate Oxidation of Organic Compounds." Synthetic Communications 35, no. 4 (March 2005): 571–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/scc-200049792.

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Babushok, Valeri I., Gregory T. Linteris, Pol Hoorelbeke, Dirk Roosendans, and Kees van Wingerden. "Flame Inhibition by Potassium-Containing Compounds." Combustion Science and Technology 189, no. 12 (August 9, 2017): 2039–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00102202.2017.1347162.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Potassium compounds"

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Dennen, Katherine Faye. "Synthesis of ammonium, sodium, and potassium fluoroionohpores." Link to electronic thesis, 2002. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-0906102-155832/.

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Jiang, Junli. "Use of Manganese Compounds and Microbial Fuel Cells in Wastewater Treatment." Thesis, KTH, VA-teknik, Vatten, Avlopp och Avfall, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-96295.

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Manganese compounds have a high potential for treating wastewater, both for utilizing its oxidation, flocculation ability and catalyst ability in anaerobic nitrification. The promising use of manganese compounds (such as permanganate and manganese dioxide) is regarded as an effective method of treating organic compounds in wastewater from municipal and industrial wastewater. Now it is newly realized possibilities to combine manganese compounds with Microbial Fuel Cell technology. Aiming at reusing the biomass in anaerobic digested sludge for degrading organic pollutants and simultaneously recovering electric energy, Single-chamber Microbial Fuel Cell (SMFC) system was developed and investigated during the main experimental part. Considering the electricity generation rate and characteristics of cathode, MnO2 was used as the reactant on the cathode electrode; meanwhile, the substrate types in anode compartment also were investigated and then extra sodium acetate was added to investigate the power generation performance. Two parts of the research were carried out during the whole project. The chemical treatment part was mainly designed to find out the best dosage of KMnO4 in flocculation when concurrent reacted with magnesium and calcium compounds when treating reject wastewater from digester at Hammarby Sjöstadsverk. The other part was studied to see whether it is possible to improve electricity generation by degrading organic pollutants when MnO2 was used as a cathodic reactant in sediment microbial fuel cell which consisted of anaerobic digested sludge from UASB.
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Dufresne, Laura C. "Destruction of algae-produced taste-and-odor compounds by chlorine, potassium permanganate, and chlorine dioxide." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-11242009-020302/.

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McKibben, Bryan P. "Reactivity studies of arene-cis-diols in cycloadditions and potassium permanganate oxidations : synthesis of the corresponding arene-trans-diols and an approach to the synthesis of (+)-pancratistatin /." Diss., This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-164317/.

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Chiu, Chuang-Wei. "Biodiesel synthesis and impact of cold flow additives /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1421124.

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Ester, Guy R. "An atomic force microscopy study of the crystal growth interface of solution grown potassium hydrogen phthalate." Thesis, University of Bath, 1999. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299809.

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Mamas, Mamas A. "Influence of substances derived from endothelial cells and novel potassium channel blocking compounds on guinea-pig isolated ventricular myocytes." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298608.

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Jiang, Quanzhong. "Crystal growth and characterisation of mixed niobates for non-linear optical applications." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366805.

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Winpenny, John Philip. "The effects of some simple, model anaesthetic compounds on a transient potassium current (I←A) in identified Helix aspersa neurones." Thesis, University of Dundee, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282741.

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Hillman, David James. "Membrane currents evoked by vasoactive compounds in vascular endothelial cells : contributions of small and intermediate conductance calcium-activated potassium channels." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2005. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445578/.

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The contribution of different calcium-activated potassium channel subtypes to agonist-evoked whole-cell currents was studied in cultured pig coronary artery endothelial cells. From a resting membrane potential of-5.9 0.5mV (n=102), 1-lOuM ATP, 1-1 OnM substance P and 1-lOOnM bradykinin hyperpolarised cell rafts to -50.7 1.6mV (n=76), -45.7 4.7mV (n=19) and -59.1 3.5mV (n=16), respectively. In small clusters of cells, 1 OuM ATP evoked outward currents which reversed close to EK and were sensitive to both the SKca channel blocker UCL 1848 (IC5o 1.2nM -65% maximal block) and the IKca/BKca channel blocker charybdotoxin (-85% block at 30-100nM). Surprisingly lOuM clotrimazole, a non selective blocker of IKca channels, abolished ATP-evoked currents in a total of three out of five cells. This requires further study. ImM 1-EBIO, which increases the calcium sensitivity of SKca and IKca channels, activated currents which were sensitive to lOOnM UCL 1848 and luM clotrimazole (blocked by 57.0 15.1% (n=3) and 89.0 1.6% (n=4), respectively). When applied in combination, these two blockers essentially abolished 1-EBIO evoked currents. Buffering intracellular calcium to 1.5uM activated outward currents which were sensitive to lOOnM UCL 1848, lOOnM charybdotoxin and lu.M clotrimazole (blocked by 28.3 5.4% (n=27), 101.2 0.5% (n=3), and 82.6 3.7% (n=22), respectively. Plasma membrane delimited expression of the SK3 channel protein was detected using fluorescence immunohistochemistry. In many vessels endothelium-derived hyperpolarising factor (EDHF)- mediated vasodilation is abolished by a combination of SKca and IKca channel blockers, which are frequently ineffective when applied alone. This has led some to suggest the existence of a novel channel with unusual pharmacology. The present study demonstrates, however, that separate SKca and IKca channels contribute to endothelial cell currents underlying the EDHF pathway. Based on protein expression and UCL 1848-sensitivity it is further proposed that the contributing SKca channels are formed of SK3 subunits.
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Books on the topic "Potassium compounds"

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Hohmann, Carl. Propellant for the NASA standard initiator. Houston, Tex: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, 2000.

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Hohmann, Carl. Viton's impact on NASA standard initiator propellant properties. Houston, Tex: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, 2000.

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Ireland. Food Safety Advisory Committee. Potassium bromate in flour: Report to the Minister for Health and the Minister for Agriculture, Food and Forestry. Dublin: Stationery Office, 1990.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Investigation of heat transfer in zirconium potassium percholate at low temperature: A study of the failure mechanism of the NASA standard initiator : final technical report for the period August 1, 1988-August 31, 1989. Austin, TX: University of Texas at Austin, Center for Energy Studies, 1989.

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Bellus, D. Science of Synthesis: Houben-weyl Methods of Molecular Transformations. Thieme Medical Pub, 2006.

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Bellus, D. Science of Synthesis: Houben-weyl Methods of Molecular Transformations. Thieme Medical Pub, 2006.

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Bellus, D. Science of Synthesis: Houben-weyl Methods of Molecular Transformations. Thieme Medical Pub, 2006.

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Bellus, D. Science of Synthesis: Houben-weyl Methods of Molecular Transformations. Thieme Medical Pub, 2006.

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Parker, Philip M. The 2007-2012 World Outlook for Inorganic Potassium and Sodium Compounds Excluding Alkalies, Aluminates, and Bleaches. ICON Group International, Inc., 2006.

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The 2006-2011 World Outlook for Inorganic Potassium and Sodium Compounds Excluding Alkalies, Aluminates, and Bleaches. Icon Group International, Inc., 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Potassium compounds"

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Macintyre, J. E. "K Potassium." In Dictionary of Organometallic Compounds, 183–84. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6847-6_25.

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MacIntyre, Jane E. "K Potassium." In Dictionary of Organometallic Compounds, 126–27. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6848-7_28.

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Macintyre, J. E., F. M. Daniel, D. J. Cardin, S. A. Cotton, R. J. Cross, A. G. Davies, R. S. Edmundson, et al. "K Potassium." In Dictionary of Organometallic Compounds, 99. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4966-3_28.

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Nagy, Zoltán. "K—Potassium." In Electrochemical Synthesis of Inorganic Compounds, 194–216. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0545-1_34.

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Pardasani, R. T., and P. Pardasani. "Magnetic properties of potassium manganese selenophosphate." In Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, 763–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54228-6_437.

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Pardasani, R. T., and P. Pardasani. "Magnetic properties of potassium iron selenophosphate." In Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, 404. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54231-6_224.

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Contant, Roland, Walter G. Klemperer, and Omar Yaghi. "Potassium Octadecatungstodiphosphates(V) and Related Lacunary Compounds." In Inorganic Syntheses, 104–11. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470132586.ch18.

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Nakao, Kenji, and Seiji Mizuno. "Electronic Structures of Hydrogen-Potassium-Graphite Ternary Intercalation Compounds." In New Horizons in Low-Dimensional Electron Systems, 45–53. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3190-2_3.

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Pardasani, R. T., and P. Pardasani. "Magnetic properties of cobalt(II) mononuclear chelate derived from potassium benzenesulfonyldithiocarbazate." In Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, 896. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54231-6_493.

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Pardasani, R. T., and P. Pardasani. "Magnetic properties of binuclear cobalt(II) chelate derived from potassium benzenesulfonyldithiocarbazate." In Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, 1228. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54231-6_724.

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Conference papers on the topic "Potassium compounds"

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Drokin, R., D. Gazizov, D. Tiufiakov, E. Voinkov, E. Gorbunov, E. Ulomsky, G. Rusinov, and V. Rusinova. "POTASSIUM SALTS OF NITROCARBONYL COMPOUNDS IN THE SYNTHESIS OF NITROGEN-CONTAINING HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS." In Chemistry of nitro compounds and related nitrogen-oxygen systems. LLC MAKS Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m749.aks-2019/187-189.

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Oldenborg, Richard C., Steven L. Baughcum, and Douglas E. Hof. "Photofragment Fluorescence as an Analytical Technique for Gas-Phase Alkali Compounds." In Laser Applications to Chemical Analysis. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/laca.1987.mb3.

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Sensitive techniques are needed for the detection of highly corrosive gas-phase alkali compounds in the combustion of coal gas to drive gas turbines. It has been suggested1 that photofragment fluorescence, i.e., the observation of electronically excited photofragments from the photodissociation of the parent compound at suitably short ultraviolet wavelengths, would be a practical diagnostic technique. A recent investigation2 of the photodissociation of gas-phase sodium and potassium chlorides to produce excited alkali atoms has shown that the photofragment fluorescence technique can measure these compounds at concentrations down to sub-part-per-billion levels and is linear over at least six orders of magnitude. The photodissociation of other gas-phase alkali compounds has not been previously investigated.
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Voinkov, E., E. Ulomsky, and V. Rusinova. "STABLE NITROACETONITRILE POTASSIUM SALT IN SYNTHESIS OF NITROGEN-CONTAINING HETEROCYCLES." In Chemistry of nitro compounds and related nitrogen-oxygen systems. LLC MAKS Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m784.aks-2019/319-321.

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Oldenborg, Richard C., and Steven L. Baugh-Cum. "Photofragment fluorescence as an analytical technique: application to gas-phase alkali compounds." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1985.tha8.

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Photodissociation of gas-phase compounds using a laser at suitably short UV wavelengths can produce electronically excited photofragments. Detection of fluorescence from these excited fragments, particularly atomic fragments, allows sensitive and quantitative density measurements, while signal strength as a function of dissociation laser wavelength allows differentiation among compounds that yield the same photofragment. Sensitive techniques are needed for the detection of highly corrosive gas-phase alkali compounds in the combustion of coal gas to drive gas turbines. We present here an evaluation of photofragment fluorescence based on the results of experiments to study the photodissociation of the chlorides and hydroxides of sodium and potassium. Alkali compound vapors were irradiated at 193 nm from an ArF laser and other wavelengths generated by stimulated Raman scattering. Fluorescence from electronically excited alkali atoms in the lowest 2P0 level was observed, and the dependence of the fluorescence intensity on temperature, was investigated. The atomic emission intensities quantita-tigated. The atomic emission intensities quantitatively track the density of the alkali compounds over a wide dynamic range, and detection at sub-part-per-billion concentration levels is readily achievable. Discrimination among different compounds of the same alkali metal based on the dissociation laser wavelength dependence is also discussed.
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Tyrkov, Alexey, Svetlana Luzhnova, Evgenia Utyaganova, and Ekaterina Yurtayeva. "Promising materials based on Tetrahydro-[1,2,4]Oxadiazole[3,2-C][1,4]Oxazine for innovative biotechnologies." In "The Caspian in the Digital Age" within the framework of the International Scientific Forum "Caspian 2021: Ways of Sustainable Development". Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcsebm.sddh5085.

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The synthesis of 2-[(1,3-diphenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl) dinitromethyl]-5,6,8,8a-tetrahydro-[1,2,4] oxadiazol[3,2-c][1,4] oxazine is caused by the reaction of morpholine interaction in the presence of hydrogen peroxide with 2-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)-2,2-dinitroacetonitrile and sodium tungstate in a catalytic amount. The latter interacts with an excess of KOH in ethanol to form the potassium salt aci-5-dinitromethyl-1,3-diphenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole and 5,6,8,8a-tetrahydro-[1,2,4] oxadiazole[3,2-c] [1,4] oxazine-2-ol. The ability of compounds 3-5 to inhibit the growth and development of museum strains of Staphylococcus aureus RP, E. coli O39, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 143 and clinical strain of Streptococcus pneumonia, as well as clinically significant species of fungi Trichophyton rubrum, Microsporumcanis and Candida albicans was investigated. It was revealed that the compounds have bacteriostatic activity against the studied bacterial strains: 3 and 4 expressed in a range of low concentrations. Compounds 3-5 demonstrate a fungistatic effect: compound 3 in a range of low concentrations. In relation to fungal strains, compounds 3-5 demonstrate a fungistatic effect: compound 3 in the range of low concentrations. Thus, as a result of the implementation of the "one pot" process, it is possible to embed oxadiazoline and oxazine cycles into the main (central) part of the compound 1 molecule, which leads to the synthesis of new drugs with antimicrobial and antifungal activity.
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Akça, Burcu. "A study on the measurement of molecular scattering differential cross sections of some potassium compounds." In TURKISH PHYSICAL SOCIETY 35TH INTERNATIONAL PHYSICS CONGRESS (TPS35). AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5135423.

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Westover, Tyler L., Aalap Dighe, Placidus Amama, Nicholas Lilovich, and Timothy S. Fisher. "Thermionic Emission From Alkali Potassium-Intercalated Carbon Nanotube Arrays for Direct Energy Conversion." In ASME 2007 2nd Energy Nanotechnology International Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/enic2007-45043.

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Vacuum and solid-state thermionic electron emission are potentially efficient means for converting heat or solar energy directly into electrical power. However, low work function materials must be developed before reasonable efficiency can be realized with a power generation device based on thermionic emission. In this work, carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays have been doped with potassium atoms using a two-zone vapor method to lower their work functions to 2–4 eV. We have previously shown that carbon nanotube emitters prepared in this way are stable in atmospheric air although undesirable oxide compounds can form on the carbon nanotube surface. Using a hemispherical electron energy analyzer to obtain thermionic emission energy distributions, we show that low work function emitters can be prepared from potassium-intercalated CNT mats at temperatures as low as 400°C and that emitters prepared in this way can be stable at temperatures up to 620°C.
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Dhahri, Radhia, Mohsen Hajlaoui, Moez Bejar, Luis Costa, El Kebir Hlil, and Essebti Dhahri. "Effect of the substitution of calcium by potassium on the dielectric properties in La0.7Ca0.3−xKxMnO3 compounds." In 2008 2nd ICTON Mediterranean Winter (ICTON-MW). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ictonmw.2008.4773109.

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Rajan, S., and J. K. Raghavan. "Coal Mineral Matter Transformation During Combustion and its Implications for Gas Turbine Blade Erosion." In ASME 1990 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/90-gt-169.

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The transformation of mineral matter during combustion and the characteristics of the ash formed are important from the standpoint of coal fired gas turbine operation. Using a novel FT-IR technique and EDX analysis, these mineral matter transformations are investigated when the coal is burnt in a one-dimensional pulverized coal-dust-air flame. The role of clays, pyrite, quartz, potassium and other compounds in the ash are discussed with particular reference to deposit buildup and erosion of gas turbine blades.
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Tran, Khanh-Quang, M. Kristiina Iisa, Britt-Marie Steenari, Oliver Lindqvist, Magnus Hagstro¨m, and Jan B. C. Pettersson. "Capture of Alkali Metals by Kaolin." In 17th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2003-083.

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Alkali metals present in biomass fuels may cause increased bed agglomeration during fluidized bed combustion. In worst case this may lead to complete defluidization of the bed. Other problems caused by alkali metals include increased fouling and slagging. One possibility to reduce the impact of alkali metals is to add sorbents, e.g. aluminosilicates, to the bed for the capture of alkali metals. In the current investigation, the capture of vapor phase potassium compounds by kaolin was investigated in a fixed bed reactor. The reactor consisted of an alkali metal source placed at a variable temperature from which gaseous potassium compounds were generated, a fixed bed holding the kaolin, and an on-line detector for the alkali metal concentration. The on-line alkali metal detector was based on ionization of alkali metals on hot surfaces and is capable of detecting alkali metals down to ppb levels. This makes it possible to perform experiments at alkali metal concentrations relevant to fluidized bed combustion of biomass fuels. In the experiments, KCl was used as the alkali metal source with inlet concentrations of 0.5–3.5 ppm. The experiments were performed at reactor temperatures of 800–900°C and a contact time of 0.26 s. The capture efficiencies of KCl were always above 97%. The capture efficiency was somewhat higher in oxidizing than in reducing gas atmospheres. In the oxidizing gas atmosphere, the conversion was slightly higher with H2O addition than without. The capture efficiency decreased slightly as temperature or KCl concentration was increased.
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Reports on the topic "Potassium compounds"

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Minz, Dror, Stefan J. Green, Noa Sela, Yitzhak Hadar, Janet Jansson, and Steven Lindow. Soil and rhizosphere microbiome response to treated waste water irrigation. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7598153.bard.

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Research objectives : Identify genetic potential and community structure of soil and rhizosphere microbial community structure as affected by treated wastewater (TWW) irrigation. This objective was achieved through the examination soil and rhizosphere microbial communities of plants irrigated with fresh water (FW) and TWW. Genomic DNA extracted from soil and rhizosphere samples (Minz laboratory) was processed for DNA-based shotgun metagenome sequencing (Green laboratory). High-throughput bioinformatics was performed to compare both taxonomic and functional gene (and pathway) differences between sample types (treatment and location). Identify metabolic pathways induced or repressed by TWW irrigation. To accomplish this objective, shotgun metatranscriptome (RNA-based) sequencing was performed. Expressed genes and pathways were compared to identify significantly differentially expressed features between rhizosphere communities of plants irrigated with FW and TWW. Identify microbial gene functions and pathways affected by TWW irrigation*. To accomplish this objective, we will perform a metaproteome comparison between rhizosphere communities of plants irrigated with FW and TWW and selected soil microbial activities. Integration and evaluation of microbial community function in relation to its structure and genetic potential, and to infer the in situ physiology and function of microbial communities in soil and rhizospere under FW and TWW irrigation regimes. This objective is ongoing due to the need for extensive bioinformatics analysis. As a result of the capabilities of the new PI, we have also been characterizing the transcriptome of the plant roots as affected by the TWW irrigation and comparing the function of the plants to that of the microbiome. *This original objective was not achieved in the course of this study due to technical issues, especially the need to replace the American PIs during the project. However, the fact we were able to analyze more than one plant system as a result of the abilities of the new American PI strengthened the power of the conclusions derived from studies for the 1ˢᵗ and 2ⁿᵈ objectives. Background: As the world population grows, more urban waste is discharged to the environment, and fresh water sources are being polluted. Developing and industrial countries are increasing the use of wastewater and treated wastewater (TWW) for agriculture practice, thus turning the waste product into a valuable resource. Wastewater supplies a year- round reliable source of nutrient-rich water. Despite continuing enhancements in TWW quality, TWW irrigation can still result in unexplained and undesirable effects on crops. In part, these undesirable effects may be attributed to, among other factors, to the effects of TWW on the plant microbiome. Previous studies, including our own, have presented the TWW effect on soil microbial activity and community composition. To the best of our knowledge, however, no comprehensive study yet has been conducted on the microbial population associated BARD Report - Project 4662 Page 2 of 16 BARD Report - Project 4662 Page 3 of 16 with plant roots irrigated with TWW – a critical information gap. In this work, we characterize the effect of TWW irrigation on root-associated microbial community structure and function by using the most innovative tools available in analyzing bacterial community- a combination of microbial marker gene amplicon sequencing, microbial shotunmetagenomics (DNA-based total community and gene content characterization), microbial metatranscriptomics (RNA-based total community and gene content characterization), and plant host transcriptome response. At the core of this research, a mesocosm experiment was conducted to study and characterize the effect of TWW irrigation on tomato and lettuce plants. A focus of this study was on the plant roots, their associated microbial communities, and on the functional activities of plant root-associated microbial communities. We have found that TWW irrigation changes both the soil and root microbial community composition, and that the shift in the plant root microbiome associated with different irrigation was as significant as the changes caused by the plant host or soil type. The change in microbial community structure was accompanied by changes in the microbial community-wide functional potential (i.e., gene content of the entire microbial community, as determined through shotgun metagenome sequencing). The relative abundance of many genes was significantly different in TWW irrigated root microbiome relative to FW-irrigated root microbial communities. For example, the relative abundance of genes encoding for transporters increased in TWW-irrigated roots increased relative to FW-irrigated roots. Similarly, the relative abundance of genes linked to potassium efflux, respiratory systems and nitrogen metabolism were elevated in TWW irrigated roots when compared to FW-irrigated roots. The increased relative abundance of denitrifying genes in TWW systems relative FW systems, suggests that TWW-irrigated roots are more anaerobic compare to FW irrigated root. These gene functional data are consistent with geochemical measurements made from these systems. Specifically, the TWW irrigated soils had higher pH, total organic compound (TOC), sodium, potassium and electric conductivity values in comparison to FW soils. Thus, the root microbiome genetic functional potential can be correlated with pH, TOC and EC values and these factors must take part in the shaping the root microbiome. The expressed functions, as found by the metatranscriptome analysis, revealed many genes that increase in TWW-irrigated plant root microbial population relative to those in the FW-irrigated plants. The most substantial (and significant) were sodium-proton antiporters and Na(+)-translocatingNADH-quinoneoxidoreductase (NQR). The latter protein uses the cell respiratory machinery to harness redox force and convert the energy for efflux of sodium. As the roots and their microbiomes are exposed to the same environmental conditions, it was previously hypothesized that understanding the soil and rhizospheremicrobiome response will shed light on natural processes in these niches. This study demonstrate how newly available tools can better define complex processes and their downstream consequences, such as irrigation with water from different qualities, and to identify primary cues sensed by the plant host irrigated with TWW. From an agricultural perspective, many common practices are complicated processes with many ‘moving parts’, and are hard to characterize and predict. Multiple edaphic and microbial factors are involved, and these can react to many environmental cues. These complex systems are in turn affected by plant growth and exudation, and associated features such as irrigation, fertilization and use of pesticides. However, the combination of shotgun metagenomics, microbial shotgun metatranscriptomics, plant transcriptomics, and physical measurement of soil characteristics provides a mechanism for integrating data from highly complex agricultural systems to eventually provide for plant physiological response prediction and monitoring. BARD Report
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