Relevant bibliographies by topics / Potassium nitrate

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Potassium nitrate'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 17 November 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Potassium nitrate"

1

Young, Jay A. "Potassium Nitrate." Journal of Chemical Education 82, no. 9 (September 2005): 1305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed082p1305.

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Aliev, Amil R., Isa R. Akhmedov, Murad G. Kakagasanov, Zakir A. Aliev, and Akhmed M. Amirov. "MOLECULAR RELAXATION IN BINARY SYSTEMS NaNO3 – NaNO2, KNO3 – KNO2." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENIY KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 61, no. 7 (June 18, 2018): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20186107.5660.

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In the present study, the molecular relaxation processes in crystalline sodium nitrate NaNO3, crystalline sodium nitrite NaNO2, crystalline potassium nitrate KNO3, crystalline potassium nitrite KNO2, and in solid binary salt systems sodium nitrate – sodium nitrite NaNO3 – NaNO2 and potassium nitrate - potassium nitrite KNO3 – KNO2 were studied with the Raman spectroscopic methods. We have found that the relaxation time of the fully symmetric vibration of n1 (A) of the molecular nitrate anion NO3– in the solid binary salt systems “nitrate – nitrite” NaNO3 – NaNO2 or KNO3 – KNO2 is lower than in the individual crystalline nitrate NaNO3 or KNO3, respectively. It is shown that the increase in the rate of intramolecular relaxation is explained by the presence in the binary system of an additional relaxation mechanism of the vibrationally excited states of the nitrate ion NO3–. This relaxation mechanism of the nitrate ion NO3– in a binary system is associated with the excitation of a lower-frequency vibration of another anion (nitrite ion NO2–) and the "birth" of a lattice vibration (phonon). The frequency of this phonon is equal to the difference in the vibration frequencies of the nitrate ion NO3– and nitrite ion NO2–. It is established that the condition for the realization of such a relaxation mechanism is that the difference in the frequency of these oscillations of the nitrate ion NO3– and nitrite ion NO2– must correspond to the region of a sufficiently high density of states of the phonon spectrum of the solid binary salt system under study. The maximum frequency of the phonon spectrum of the system is determined by its Debye temperature. For ionic salt systems, the Debye temperature is always higher than 200 K, and often more than 300 K. Therefore, in the solid binary salt systems, the proposed relaxation mechanism is almost always relevant.Forcitation:Aliev A.R., Akhmedov I.R., Kakagasanov M.G., Aliev Z.A., Amirov A.M. Molecular relaxation in the binary systems NaNO3 – NaNO2, KNO3 – KNO2. Izv. Vyssh.Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 7. P. 23-30
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Danilina, Veronika V., Dmitry I. Chernov, Dmitry G. Cherkasov, and Konstantin K. Il’in. "Extractive crystallization of salts in the ternary systems sodium (potassium, cesium) nitrate – water – triethylamine." Izvestiya of Saratov University. New Series. Series: Chemistry. Biology. Ecology 21, no. 2 (June 24, 2021): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1816-9775-2021-21-2-159-168.

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A comparative analysis of the results of our polythermal study of the ternary systems sodium (potassium, cesium) nitrate – water – triethylamine has been carried out to estimate the efficiency of the use of triethylamine in the extractive crystallization of alkali metal nitrates from water–salt solutions containing 43.0, 44.0, 45.0, 46.0, and 47.0 wt. % sodium nitrate in the range of 10.0–25.0°C, 20.0, 21.0, and 22.0 wt.% potassium nitrate and 18.0, 19.0, 20.0 and 21.0 wt. % cesium nitrate in the range of 20.0–25.0°C. The dependences of the yield of these salts on the amount of triethylamine added and temperature have been found. It has been established that the maximum yield of sodium nitrate (79.4%) is observed for the aqueous solution with 47 wt.% salt upon the introduction of 90 wt.% triethylamine at 25.0° C. The maximum yield in the systems potassium (cesium) nitrate – water – triethylamine was 68.9% (22 wt. % potassium nitrate solution) and 66.2% (21 wt. % cesium nitrate solution) at 20.0° C and 90 wt. % amine content.
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Mochinaga, Junichi, Kazuo Igarashi, and Yasuhiko Iwadate. "Molar volumes of the molten sodium nitrate-potassium nitrate-sodium nitrite system." Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 30, no. 3 (July 1985): 274–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/je00041a011.

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Guzii, Sergii G., Ihar Bazhelka, Volodymyr Romaniuk, and Svitlana Davydivna Lapovska. "Influence of Nitrate Species ANO<sub>3</sub> and ANO<sub>3</sub>·nH<sub>2</sub>O on Physico-Mechanical Properties of the Aluminosilicate Adhesives for Wood and Wooden Structures." Solid State Phenomena 325 (October 11, 2021): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.325.143.

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The article presents the results of studies of the effect of lithium, sodium, potassium and ammonium nitrates on the physical and mechanical properties of aluminosilicate adhesives intended for gluing wood and structures based on them. Nitrates were introduced into the aluminosilicate adhesive of composition Na2O·Al2O3·6SiO2·20H2O in amounts of 0.5, 1 and 1.5 wt. %. Changes in the shear strength along the fibers of substrates made of pine, beech, and oak wood were studied after 7 and 28 days of hardening of aluminosilicate adhesives in vivo. It is shown that for gluing pine wood it is most expedient to use adhesives containing lithium nitrate, potassium nitrate and ammonium nitrate is within 1.5 wt. %, the shearing strength along the fibers after 28 days of hardening is 1.7-1.8 times higher than the strength of the adhesive without additives. For gluing beech wood, it is most advisable to use adhesives containing potassium and ammonium nitrate in an amount of 1.5 wt. %, the shearing strength along the fibers after 28 days of hardening is 1.5 times lower than the strength of the adhesive without additives. For gluing oak wood, it is most advisable to use adhesives containing lithium nitrate, potassium nitrate and ammonium nitrate in amounts of 0.5 and 1.5 wt. %, the shear strength along the fibers increases by 1.3-1.5 times for 7 and 28 days of hardening compared to the strength of the adhesive without additives. According to the degree of influence on strength, modifying additives can be ranked in the series LiNO3×3H2O>KNO3>NH4NO3>NaNO3.
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Smeets, Ellen T. H. C., Ronald P. Mensink, Jordi P. D. Kleinloog, and Peter J. Joris. "Acute Effects of Inorganic Nitrate Intake on Brachial and Femoral Flow-Mediated Vasodilation, and on Carotid Artery Reactivity Responses: Results of a Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Cross-Over Study in Abdominally Obese Men." Nutrients 14, no. 17 (August 29, 2022): 3560. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14173560.

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Most trials on the effects of inorganic nitrate intake have focused on only one specific aspect of the endothelial cell response to a stimulus, thereby possibly missing other important effects. The aim of the present randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled cross-over study was therefore to investigate in eighteen healthy abdominally obese men (18–60 years, waist circumference ≥ 102 cm) acute effects of potassium nitrate on brachial and femoral flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), and on carotid artery reactivity (CAR) to a cold pressure test. Participants received in random order a drink providing 10 mmol potassium nitrate (i.e., 625 mg of nitrate) or an iso-molar placebo drink with potassium chloride. Fasted and 4 h post-drink FMD and blood pressure measurements were performed. CAR responses were assessed at 4 h. Circulating nitrate plus nitrite concentration increased following nitrate intake (p = 0.003). Compared with placebo, potassium nitrate did not affect brachial (mean [95% confidence interval]: −0.2% [−2.5, 2.1], p = 0.86) and femoral FMD responses (−0.6% [−3.0; 1.7], p = 0.54). CAR responses were also not different (−0.8% [−2.5, 0.9], p = 0.32). Finally, changes in blood pressure and heart rate did not differ. No adverse events were observed. In conclusion, this trial did not provide evidence for effects of a single dose of inorganic nitrate on 4 h vascular endothelial function in abdominally obese men.
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GOVARI (Μ. ΓΚΟΒΑΡΗ), M., and A. PEXARA (Α. ΠΕΞΑΡΑ). "Nitrates and Nitrites in meat products." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 66, no. 3 (January 31, 2018): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.15856.

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Nitrates and nitrites have been traditionally used as curing agents in the production of cured meat products. Beneficial effects of the addition of nitrates and nitrites to meat products are the improvement of quality characteristics as well as the microbiological safety. The nitrates and nitrites are mainly responsible for the development of the distinct flavor, the stability of the red color, as well as the protection against lipid oxidation in cured meat products. The nitrites show important bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal activity against several spoilage bacteria as well as foodborne pathogens found in meat products. The nitrites prevent the growth and toxin production by Clostridium botulinum. According to Commission Regulation (EU) No. 1129/2011, nitrates (sodium nitrate, E251; potassium nitrate, E252) and nitrites (potassium nitrite, E249; sodium nitrite, E250) are listed as permitted food additives. Nitrates are relatively non-toxic, but nitrites, and nitrites metabolic compounds such as nitric oxide and N-nitroso compounds, have raised concern over potential adverse health effects. Recently, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) concluded that ingested nitrates or nitrites are probable carcinogen to humans under conditions favoring the endogenous nitrosation. Legal limits for the addition of nitrates and nitrites have been set by several countries and EU [Commission Regulation (EU) No. 601/2014]. Several data from recent reviews conducted in several countries on the levels of nitrates and nitrites in cured meat products were summarized. In recent reviews, the residual levels of nitrites in cured meat samples have been constantly reduced and are in accordance with the legal limits set by most countries.
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Batal, K. M. "EFFECTS OF NITROGEN SOURCE, RATE, AND APPLICATION FREQUENCY ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF ONION." HortScience 26, no. 5 (May 1991): 490h—491. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.26.5.490h.

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Commercial N fertilizer formulations, ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrates (15-0-14 and 13-0-44) applied at 84 and 168 kg N/ha in 3 or 5 split applications did not affect total marketable yield of dry onion. Application frequencies causing an increase in total amount of N applied during the spring months (Feb.-Apr.) increased marketable yield by 5 MT/ha. Bulb decay was the highest when ammonium nitrate was applied, whereas the least number of decayed bulbs resulted from sodium nitrate applications. Plants grown with potassium nitrate (13-0-44) were most susceptible to cold injury. Ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate applications produced the highest percentage of onions that bolted. The lowest percentage of plants showing bolting incidence resulted from calcium nitrate applications. Bolting of onions was closely associated with rapid growth and increased onion size. However, cold injury and bulb decay were not influenced by these growth factors.
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Boyko, Olexandra, and Viktor Brygadyrenko. "Nematicidal Activity of Inorganic Food Additives." Diversity 14, no. 8 (August 17, 2022): 663. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14080663.

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The food industry is not the only sphere of human activity where inorganic food additives are globally used. In certain concentrations, they are safe for people and agricultural animals. Nonetheless, they impose a negative impact on other classes of living organisms. Therefore, our objective was to determinine the influence of some inorganic food additives (alkalis, acids, salts) on the vitality of nematode larvae that parasitize agricultural animals: Strongyloides papillosus, Haemonchus contortus and Muellerius capillaris. We studied the effects of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, boric acid, phosphoric acid, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium nitrite, potassium nitrite, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, ammonium bicarbonate, sodium bisulfite, sodium bisulfate, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, calcium sulfate, sodium thiosulfate, sodium metabisulfite, potassium metabisulfite, copper sulfate pentahydrate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium triphosphate, sodium borate decahydrate and talc. In in vitro experiments, the strongest effects were produced by alkalis sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. In 24 h, 1% solutions of those substances killed 69% of larvae of S. papillosus, H. contortus and M. capillaris of various development stages. Sodium sulfate was effective against all stages of larvae of S. papillosus, and also against first-age M. capillaris. Nematocidal properties only against all stages of S. papillosus were exerted by copper sulfate pentahydrate. Non-invasive stages of S. papillosus nematodes were affected only by phosphoric acid, ammonium bicarbonate, calcium chloride, sodium nitrite, calcium sulfate, potassium metabisulfite, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium triphosphate and the same stages of M. capillaris—by phosphoric acid, sodium bisulfite and potassium nitrite.
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Jassim Alrawi, Saad Thabit. "Effect of potassium nitrate plus vitamin C in feed of rabbits on the some biochemical parameters." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 40, no. 2 (January 5, 2017): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v40i2.125.

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This study is conducted at investigating the effect of potassium nitrate and vitamin C in feed of the rabbits on the some biochemical parameters. Twenty eight adult New-Zealand rabbits were divided randomly into four groups (7 rabbits each), they were fed potassium nitrate and vitamin C for 16 weeks as follow: Group 1 (G1) fed potassium nitrate (168 mg/ kg B.W./ daily), group 2 (G2) fed potassium nitrate (168 mg/ kg B.W./ daily) and vitamin C (50 mg/ kg B.W./ daily), group 3 (G3) fed potassium nitrate (168 mg/ kg B.W./ daily) and vitamin C (100 mg/ kg B.W./ daily) and group 4 (G4) fed basal ration as control group. Blood were collected from heart at zero, eight, twelve and sixteen weeks. The results showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in cholesterol, triglyceride and blood nitrogen urea in the group that had fed potassium nitrate G1 compared with G4, whereas the groups that were fed vitamin C with potassium nitrate showed a mild decrease compared with group potassium nitrate that had been fed potassium nitrate alone (G1). In conclusion, the feeding rabbits with potassium nitrate caused an increase in cholesterol, triglyceride and blood urea concentration in the serum, whereas the vitamin C ameliorates this effect.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Potassium nitrate"

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Centurier-Harris, Jonathan Peter. "Studies in the crystallisation behaviour of Potassium Nitrate." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5363.

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Summary in English.
Includes bibliographical references.
The work detailed in this report forms part of a continued effort in the area of industrial crystallisation research carried out within a multi-disciplinary project group. The Universal Instrumentation and Automation of Crystallisers (UNIAK) group is a co-operation between the Chemical and Mechanical Engineering departments, based in the Laboratory for Process Equipment at Delft University of Technology.
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Le, Bot Jacques. "Diurnal uptake of nitrate and potassium by tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) plants." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303443.

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Zheng, Yue [Verfasser]. "Functional analysis of the nitrate/potassium transporter NPF7.3/NRT1.5 in Arabidopsis thaliana / Yue Zheng." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1205737340/34.

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Tanamati, Fábio Yomei [UNESP]. "Nitrogênio e potássio em cobertura na nutrição e produtividade do alho vernalizado livre de vírus e qualidade do alho minimamente processado." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/146744.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O alho é uma hortaliça utilizada como condimento e como planta medicinal. O Brasil é um importante produtor/consumidor desta hortaliça, entretanto a produção nacional é insuficiente e portanto importa de quase 60% do alho consumido. Práticas precisas de manejo na produção e pós-colheita precisas podem resultar em economia na produção, aumento da produtividade e qualidade. Entre as práticas de manejo destaca-se a fertilização destaca-se pela influência direta na produção do alho e constituir um dos principais itens do custo de produção. Após a colheita a deterioração do alho minimamente processado (produto com maior valor agregado) pode ser diminuída através do armazenamento em temperatura controlada e atmosfera modificada. Com o objetivo de avaliar e documentar as melhores fontes e doses de nitrogênio e fontes potássio, bem como o melhor método para o armazenamento do alho minimamente processado foram conduzidos três ensaios que serão apresentados em três capítulos, sendo o primeiro intitulado “Fontes de nitrogênio e potássio sob a produtividade e nutrição mineral do alho”, o segundo capítulo intitulado “Produtividade e nutrição mineral do alho sob diferentes doses de nitrogênio e fontes de potássio”, e o terceiro capítulo intitulado “Efeito de diferentes temperaturas e atmosfera modificada sob as características qualitativas do alho minimamente processado”. Concluiu- se a) Diferentes fontes de N e K podem ser combinadas para a obtenção de máxima produção de alho comercial, b) o teor de nutrientes do alho não é influenciado pelas fontes de N e K ao ponto de constituir um fator crítico à produtividade do alho, c) Recomenda-se a dose 80 kg ha -1 de N como forma de obtenção de máxima eficiência do fertilizante e produtiva do alho vernalizado livre de vírus cv. Caçador, d) Não houve diferenças significativas na produção do alho acima da dose 80 kg ha -1 de N, a partir desta dose, o acúmulo de nutrientes no bulbo, de forma geral, foi inferior nos tratamentos K2SO4, e) baixa temperatura e atmosfera modificada contribuem significativamente para a manutenção da qualidade do alho minimamente processado, f) embalagem a vácuo mantém uma atmosfera consistentes em uma maior gama de temperaturas, g) as atmosferas modificadas com alto teor de CO2 podem influenciar a diminuição do valor de L* durante o armazenamento, h) a pungência do alho é mais bem conservada em embalagens a vácuo.
Garlic is used as a spice and as a medicinal plant, Brazil is an important producer/ consumer of this herb, however small domestic production stimulates import of about 60% the garlic consumed in this country. Management practices in the production and accurate post-harvest can result in savings in production and increasing in yield and quality. Among the management practices, fertilization is distinguished by its direct influence on the production of garlic and constitute one of the main cost items of production and postharvest deterioration of minimally processed garlic (product with higher added value) can be reduced by storing in controlled and modified atmosphere temperature. In order to assess and document the best sources and doses of nitrogen and potassium sources, as well as the more suitable storage method for fresh-peeled garlic we carried out three tests that will be presented in three chapters, the first entitled "Yield and mineral nutrition of vernalized virus free garlic in response to nitrogen and potassium sources topdressing" the second chapter entitled "Yield and mineral nutrition of garlic in response to nitrogen doses and potassium sources topdressing”, "Quality changes in fresh-peeled garlic cloves in relation to storage temperatures and modified atmospheres". From these assays we concluded that a) Different sources of N and K may be combined to obtain maximum production of commercial garlic, b) the garlic mineral content is not influenced by the sources of N and K to be considered a critical factor to garlic productivity, c) 80 kg ha -1 of N is the best way to obtain both maximum fertilizer efficiency and productive of virus free vernalizated garlic cultivar Caçador, d) from the dose 80 kg ha -1 , the lowest accumulation of nutrients in the bulb in SKO treatments suggests that potassium sulfate, alleviates possible effects of toxicity caused by excess NH4 + and reduces minerals export for bulb and thereby the ground, e) both low temperature and modified atmosphere significantly contribute to the maintenance of the quality of fresh-peeled garlic, f) vacuum packaging maintains an atmosphere consistent across a wider range of temperatures, g) modified atmospheres with high CO2 content can influence the decrease in L* value during storage, h) garlic pungency is better preserved in vacuum packaging.
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Sane, Mukta. "Role of Large Conductance, Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels (BKCa) in Vasorelaxation of Nitrate Tolerant Mesenteric Arteries." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10365/25665.

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Galbraith, S. D. "The response of potassium chloride (KCl), ammonium nitrate (AN) solutions and emulsion explosives to plate impact loading." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.599271.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamic properties of potassium chloride, AN solutions and a commercial emulsion explosive and to understand their response in terms of shock theory and material properties. A plate impact facility was used to shock the KCl, subjecting it to a uni-axial strain state for the duration of the measurements. Stress and strain histories were recorded using piezo-resistive gauges. KCl is an ionic crystal which, when subject to shocks above 2.2 GPa, has a martensitic phase transformation. The stress histories were explained in terms of the shock and release waves. A novel technique was used to record the reverse phase transformation and to calculate the hysteresis. The assumption that a uni-axial strain state exists behind a phase transformation was verified, for the first time, experimentally. Two techniques were demonstrated that reduce and quantify the piezo-electric response of KCl. Conclusions from this investigation were analysed by two different types of computational simulation. Using a similar methodology to the KCl work a technique has been developed to determine experimentally the Hugoniot of liquids up to pressures of 10 GPa. The Hugoniots of a variety of AN solutions of different strengths and temperatures were recorded. The results were shown to agree with the predictions of two simple equations of state. The technique developed for AN solutions was applied to a commercial emulsion explosive (based on an AN solution) and the Hugoniot determined. The explosive was sensitised by adding quantities of glass micro-balloons and the pressures which induced the first stages of reaction for a given sensitisation were deduced.
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England, Robert A. "A computer-controlled system for measuring rates of uptake of potassium, nitrate and phosphate by whole plants." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.293864.

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Souza, Larissa Alves de Lima e., and 92-99129-7166. "Diferentes concentrações de nitrato de potássio na sensibilidade ao clareamento dentário de consultório: estudo clínico randomizado." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2018. https://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/6302.

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The aim of this controlled, randomized, blinded clinical study was to evaluate the absolute risk, sensitivity intensity and color change to dental bleaching in adults, in the application of different gels based on potassium nitrate and sodium fluoride, from a prospective randomized clinical trial. For this study were selected 78 volunteers who had an equal allocation rate between the groups (G1-control and G2-experimental). In both groups, the different desensitizing gels were applied to the vestibular surface of the anterior superior teeth with the aid of a tray, remaining in position according to the time specified by the manufacturers. In the control group, a gel based on 5% potassium nitrate and 2% sodium fluoride was used, whereas in the experimental group, the gel was based on 3% potassium nitrate and 0.25% sodium fluoride. After removal the desensitizing gel, both groups were submitted to bleaching with 40% hydrogen peroxide gel for 40 minutes. Patients recorded the occurrence or non-occurrence of dental sensitivity (DS) in a sensitivity diary for 48 hours. The Verbal Evaluation Scale (VES) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were used for pain assessment. The valueswere organized into two categories: percentage of patients who presented DS at some time of treatment (absolute risk of sensitivity) and DS intensity. To evaluate the color before the first bleaching session, and after 7, 14 and 28 days, two methods were used: objective evaluation using the spectrophotometer and subjective evaluation using two color scales: Vita Classical and Vita Bleachedguide 3D-MASTER. Data analysis followed the intent-to-treat protocol and involved all randomly allocated participants. The absolute risk of SD was compared using the chi-square test. The McNemar test was used to compare the intensity of SD. The paired Student t test was used to compare the color change. The level of significance in all tests was 5%. Significant bleaching was observed in both groups after 30 days of initial clinical evaluation. The use of different desensitizers in trays did not influence absolute risk and intensity of tooth sensitivity (p> 0.05), although a lower tendency of dental sensitivity risk has been observed for patients who used the nitrate pre-filled tray of potassium and fluorine (experimental group).
O objetivo desse estudo clínico controlado, aleatorizado e cego foi avaliar o risco absoluto, intensidade da sensibilidade e alteração de cor ao clareamento dentário em adultos, na aplicação de diferentes géis à base de nitrato de potássio e fluoreto de sódio, a partir de um estudo prospectivo clínico randomizado. Foram selecionados, para esse estudo, 78 voluntários que tiveram igual taxa de alocação entre os grupos (G1-controle e G2-experimental). Em ambos os grupos, os diferentes géis dessensibilizantes foram aplicados na superfície vestibular dos dentes anterossuperiores com o auxílio de uma moldeira, permanecendo em posição de acordo com o tempo especificado pelos fabricantes. No grupo controle, foi utilizado um gel à base de nitrato de potássio 5% e fluoreto de sódio 2%, enquanto que no grupo experimental, o gel foi à base de nitrato de potássio 3% e fluoreto de sódio 0,11%. Após remoção do gel dessensibilizante, ambos os grupos foram submetidos ao clareamento com gel de peróxido de hidrogênio 40% durante 40 minutos (duas aplicações de 20 minutos). Os pacientes registraram a ocorrência ou não de sensibilidade dentária (SD) em um diário de sensibilidade durante 48 horas. Foram adotadas para avaliação da dor: a Escala de Avaliação Verbal (VRS) e a Escala Visual Analógica (VAS). Os valores foram organizados em duas categorias: percentual de pacientes que apresentaram SD em algum momento do tratamento (risco absoluto de sensibilidade) e intensidade da SD. Para avaliação da cor antes da primeira sessão de clareamento, e após 7, 14 e 28 dias, foram utilizados dois métodos: avaliação objetiva usando o espectrofotômetro e avaliação subjetiva usando duas escalas de cor: Vita Classical e Vita Bleachedguide 3D-MASTER. A análise dos dados seguiu o protocolo de intenção de tratar e envolveu todos os participantes alocados aleatoriamente. O risco absoluto de SD foi comparado usando o teste Qui-quadrado. O teste McNemar foi utilizado para comparar a intensidade da SD. Já o teste t Student emparelhado foi utilizado para comparar a alteração de cor. O nível de significância adotado em todos os testes foi de 5%. Foi observado um clareamento significativo, em ambos os grupos, após 30 dias da avaliação clínica inicial. O uso de diferentes dessensibilizantes em moldeiras não influenciou o risco absoluto e a intensidade da sensibilidade dentária (p > 0.05), apesar de ter sido observado uma menor tendência do risco de sensibilidade dentária para os pacientes que fizeram uso da moldeira pré-carregada com nitrato de potássio e flúor (grupo experimental).
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Crane, Kristy Susanne. "Pressurized Hot Water: An Alternative Method of Nutrient Extraction and Subsequent Analysis for Use in Small-Scale Agriculture." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2004. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd495.pdf.

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AlShehri, Abdullah. "Effect of innovative double layer treatment on tooth color change and nitrate penetration." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3039.

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Objectives: Evaluate and assess the effect of an innovative double layer, single application desensitizing/whitening technique on Nitrate penetration and total color change. Methods: Specimens were prepared from extracted caries free human molars (n=160). Teeth were randomly assigned into four groups: 100μl 25% hydrogen peroxide “Philips Zoom chairside” as control group (CTRL), double layer treatment of 20μl 5% potassium nitrate “Relief ACP, Philips oral care” and 100μl 25% hydrogen peroxide (DL20), double layer treatment of 40μl 5% potassium nitrate and 100μl 25% hydrogen peroxide (DL40), and one layer treatment of 40 μl 5% potassium nitrate (PN40). Spectrophotometric color measurements (Vita EasyShade) were done at base line (T0), one day (T1), and one month (T2) following the treatment. Nitrate penetration was measured using a nitrate/nitrite assay kit. Group comparisons of tooth color difference measurements, and nitrate penetration readings were made using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Adjustment was made for pairwise treatment comparisons using the Tukey method in conjunction with an overall 0.05 level of significance. Results: 160 teeth were used. Color difference (ΔE) results at (T1) and (T2) showed no significant difference among the CTRL, DL20, DL40 groups. But there was a statistical significant difference between those groups and the single layer (PN40) group (p
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Books on the topic "Potassium nitrate"

1

Conkling, John A. Chemistry of pyrotechnics: Basic priniciples and theory. New York: M. Dekker, 1985.

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McLean, Donald B. The do-it-yourself gunpowder cookbook. Boulder, Colo: Paladin Press, 1992.

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The World Market for Potassium Nitrate: A 2004 Global Trade Perspective. Icon Group International, Inc., 2005.

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Parker, Philip M. The World Market for Potassium Nitrate: A 2007 Global Trade Perspective. ICON Group International, Inc., 2006.

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Parker, Philip M. The 2007 Import and Export Market for Potassium Nitrate in China. ICON Group International, Inc., 2006.

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Conkling, John A. Chemistry of Pyrotechnics: Basic Principles and Theory, Second Edition. 2nd ed. CRC, 2015.

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The Chemistry of Fireworks. Royal Society of Chemistry, 2000.

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Australian Soil Fertility Manual. CSIRO Publishing, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643100725.

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The Australian Soil Fertility Manual is a trusted guide to the safe use and handling of fertilizers. It describes the types of agricultural soils, how they are classified and the interaction of soil, water and nutrients. It also provides an insight into how plants utilise nutrients and the role that individual nutrients play in the process of plant growth. This edition has been revised to reflect an increased emphasis on the environmental fate of nutrients and appropriate management strategies. It also has additional information on soil physical, chemical, and biological properties and discussions on the use of lime, dolomite and gypsum. New content covers liming effectiveness, nitrogen water use efficiency, regulations for handling and using fertilizers, storage and transport of security sensitive ammonium nitrate, budgeting for profitable nitrogen use and best management practice for nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. The chapters on potassium; calcium, magnesium and sulfur; plant nutrients and the environment; and heavy metal in fertilizers and agriculture have all been extensively revised and rewritten. This important work will be an essential text for fertilizer dealers, extension workers, consultants, teachers, farmers, horticulturists, graziers and others concerned with the profitable and environmentally safe use of plant nutrients.
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Reeder, Julie A. The effects on the performance of broilers consuming calcium, potassium, and sodium nitrates and nitrites from the drinking water. 1996.

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Hawkins, Lon Adrian. Influence of Calcium, Magnesium and Potassium Nitrates upon the Toxicity of Certain Heavy Metals Toward Fungus Spores. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.

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Book chapters on the topic "Potassium nitrate"

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Potassium Nitrate." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 445. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_8331.

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Winkelmann, J. "Diffusion of hydrogen (1); water (2); potassium nitrate (3)." In Gases in Gases, Liquids and their Mixtures, 2300. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-49718-9_1786.

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Winkelmann, J. "Diffusion of oxygen (1); water (2); potassium nitrate (3)." In Gases in Gases, Liquids and their Mixtures, 2322. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-49718-9_1806.

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Winkelmann, J. "Diffusion of carbon dioxide (1); water (2); potassium nitrate (3)." In Gases in Gases, Liquids and their Mixtures, 2283. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-49718-9_1771.

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Mohd Roseli, Ahmad Nazarudin. "Effects of Paclobutrazol and Potassium Nitrate in Improving the Flowering Performance of Xanthostemon chrysanthus (F. Muell.) Benth." In Urban Forestry and Arboriculture in Malaysia, 279–92. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5418-4_16.

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Kartina, A. M., Fitria Riany Eris, and Puput Harjanti. "Response Germination of Kuranji Acid Seed (Dialium Indum L.) to Scarification and Concentration of Potassium Nitrate (KNO3)." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference for Smart Agriculture, Food, and Environment (ICSAFE 2021), 74–83. Dordrecht: Atlantis Press International BV, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-090-9_9.

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Dwivedi, R. S., Y. Misra, and K. K. Srivastava. "Effect of potassium on EDTA-osmoticum, nitrate reductase activity and productivity of groundnut-sugarcane intercropping under water deficit conditions." In Plant Nutrition for Sustainable Food Production and Environment, 93–94. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0047-9_15.

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Fakhraei, Habibollah, Timothy J. Fahey, and Charles T. Driscoll. "The Biogeochemical Response of Nitrate and Potassium to Landscape Disturbance in Watersheds of the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire, USA." In Forest-Water Interactions, 537–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26086-6_22.

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Lauterbach, A. "Reduction of Perchlorate Levels of Sodium and Potassium Nitrates Derived from Natural Caliche Ore." In ACS Symposium Series, 45–57. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2004-0872.ch004.

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"potassium nitrate." In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 1030. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_163172.

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Conference papers on the topic "Potassium nitrate"

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Lai, K. "Boron potassium nitrate (BKNO3) aging study." In 34th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1998-3785.

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Khachatrian, Ani, Syed Qadri, and Joseph S. Melinger. "High resolution THz spectroscopy of ammonium nitrate and potassium nitrate crystalline films." In 2011 36th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/irmmw-thz.2011.6105219.

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"Calcium nitrate and potassium nitrate transport parameters in tropical soil with Stanmod." In 2014 ASABE Annual International Meeting. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.20141912496.

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Bradshaw, Robert W., Joseph G. Cordaro, and Nathan P. Siegel. "Molten Nitrate Salt Development for Thermal Energy Storage in Parabolic Trough Solar Power Systems." In ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer and InterPACK09 Conferences. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2009-90140.

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Multi-component molten salts have been formulated recently that may enhance thermal energy storage for parabolic trough solar power plants. This paper presents further developments regarding molten salt mixtures consisting of common alkali nitrates and either alkaline earth nitrates or alkali nitrite salts that have advantageous properties for applications as heat transfer fluids in parabolic trough systems. We report results for formulations of inorganic molten salt mixtures that display freeze-onset temperatures below 100°C. In addition to phasechange behavior, several properties of these molten salts that significantly affect their suitability as thermal energy storage fluids were evaluated, including chemical stability and viscosity. The nitrate-based molten salts have demonstrated chemical stability in the presence of air up to 500°C. The capability to operate at temperatures up to 500°C may allow an increase in maximum temperature operating capability vs. organic fluids in existing trough systems and will enable increased power cycle efficiency. Experimental measurements of viscosity were performed from near the freeze-onset temperature to about 200°C. Viscosities can exceed 100 cP near the freezing temperature but are 4 to 5 cP in the anticipated operating temperature range. Experimental measurements of density, thermal conductivity and heat capacity are in progress and will be reported at the meeting. Corrosion tests were conducted for several thousand hours at 500°C with stainless steels and at 350°C for carbon and chromium-molybdenum steels. Examination of the specimens demonstrated good compatibility of these materials with the molten nitrate salt mixtures. Laboratory studies were conducted to identify mixtures of nitrate and nitrite (NO2−) salts as additional candidates for a low-melting heat transfer fluid. Mixtures in which the cations were potassium, sodium and lithium, in various proportions, demonstrated freezing points as low as 70°C for a particular nitrate/nitrite anion composition. Development has emphasized mixtures that minimize lithium content in order to reduce the cost as the lithium salt is the most expensive constituent. Work is in progress to explore the phase diagram of the 1:1 mol ratio of nitrate/nitrite and to evaluate physical properties such as viscosity, density and thermal conductivity. Results to date indicate that the viscosity of these mixtures is considerably less than nitrate-only melts, which necessarily contain calcium cations to suppress freezing to similarly low temperatures.
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Tobin, S., S. G. Bubbly, S. B. Gudennavar, Alka B. Garg, R. Mittal, and R. Mukhopadhyay. "Growth and Characterization of Glycine Potassium Nitrate NLO crystals." In SOLID STATE PHYSICS, PROCEEDINGS OF THE 55TH DAE SOLID STATE PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM 2010. AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3606343.

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Kulkarni, A. K., G. A. Rohrer, L. D. McMillan, and S. E. Adams. "Fatigue Mechanisms in Thin Film Potassium Nitrate Memory Devices." In 27th International Reliability Physics Symposium. IEEE, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/irps.1989.363381.

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Eigner, Christof, Laura Padberg, Viktor Quiring, Adriana Bocchini, Matteo Santandrea, Uwe Gerstmann, Wolf Gero Schmidt, and Christine Silberhorn. "Potassium Titanyl Phosphate Material Engineering Boosting Integrated Optical Source Performance." In CLEO: Applications and Technology. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2023.jw2a.57.

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We study the interaction of gray tracking and DC ionic conductivity in Potassium Titanyl Phosphate (KTiOPO4, KTP) and present a novel way to reduce conductivity via a potassium nitrate treatment improving the device quality.
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Rocco, Jose A., Marcela G. Domingues, Rene F. Gonçalves, Ellen C. Rosa, Daniel Bontorin, Leopoldo Rocco Jr, and Bruno T. Rocco. "Manufacture of solid propellant using epoxy resin and potassium nitrate." In AIAA Scitech 2020 Forum. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2020-0069.

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Chandra, Ch Sateesh, D. Nagaraju, P. V. Raja Shekar, T. Tirumal Rao, and N. Gopi Krishna. "Dislocations, microhardness and optical studies on glycine potassium nitrate crystal." In NANOFORUM 2014. AIP Publishing LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4918053.

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Rocco, Jose A., Marcela G. Domingues, Rene F. Gonçalves, Ellen C. Rosa, Daniel Bontorin, Leopoldo Rocco Jr, and Bruno T. Rocco. "Withdrawal: Manufacture of solid propellant using epoxy resin and potassium nitrate." In AIAA Scitech 2020 Forum. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2020-0069.c1.

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Reports on the topic "Potassium nitrate"

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Felker, S., P. Hailey, T. Lian, K. Staggs, and G. Gdowski. Alloy 22 Localized Corrosion Susceptibility In Aqueous Solutions Of Chloride And Nitrate Salts Of Sodium And Potassium At 110 - 150?C. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/893568.

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