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Journal articles on the topic 'Potassiumm'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 24 June 2025

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1

Novkovic, L., M. Trmcic, M. Rodic, et al. "Synthesis of endoperoxides by domino reactions of ketones and molecular oxygen." RSC Advances 5, no. 120 (2015): 99577–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra13476e.

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2

Nur, Rahmah Musa, Tandean Pendrik, Mappangara Idar, et al. "Electrocardiogram pattern pre and post potassium correction in hypokalemia." International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports 3, no. 11 (2019): 711–16. https://doi.org/10.5455/IJMRCR.ecg-potassium-correction-hypokalemia.

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Background: Hypokalemia with ECG changes is very hazardous; therefore, it is important to correct hypokalemia to avoid life-threatening cardiovascular complications. Objective: To know ECG pattern pre and post potassium correction in patients with hypokalemia. Methods and results: A prospective study with longitudinal observational design in hospitalized hypokalemic patients who received intravenous potassium correction at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar during February - May 2018. ECG changes are determined based on ECG examination. Potassium correction is given based on potassium deficit formula. Data analysis used SPSS version 22 with McNemar and Chi Square statistical test. Study included 80 subjects consisting of 26 males and 54 females, mean age of 48,8 ± 16 years, 53,8% of moderate and 38,8% of severe hypokalemia, 85% having ECG changes. The ECG patterns were long QT (30%), prominent U (30%), T-inverted (21,2%), ST depression (15%), T-flat (10%), VES (6,3%), SVT (3,8%), first degree AVB (3,8%), and AF (2,5%). Significant improvement found in long QT and prominent U post correction (p<0.05). Decrease of post correction potassium levels, found 100% of prominent U and 75% of long QT became normal. Conclusion: The ECG patterns in hypokalemia are mostly long QT and prominent U. Potassium correction may provide an improvement in ECG patterns even if potassium levels still below the normal range.

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3

Wu, Peng, Zhong-Xiuzi Gao, Dan-Dan Zhang, Xiao-Tong Su, Wen-Hui Wang, and Dao-Hong Lin. "Deletion of Kir5.1 Impairs Renal Ability to Excrete Potassium during Increased Dietary Potassium Intake." Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 30, no. 8 (2019): 1425–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/asn.2019010025.

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BackgroundThe basolateral potassium channel in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT), comprising the inwardly rectifying potassium channel Kir4.1/Kir5.1 heterotetramer, plays a key role in mediating the effect of dietary potassium intake on the thiazide-sensitive NaCl cotransporter (NCC). The role of Kir5.1 (encoded by Kcnj16) in mediating effects of dietary potassium intake on the NCC and renal potassium excretion is unknown.MethodsWe used electrophysiology, renal clearance, and immunoblotting to study Kir4.1 in the DCT and NCC in Kir5.1 knockout (Kcnj16−/−) and wild-type (Kcnj16+/+) mice fed with normal, high, or low potassium diets.ResultsWe detected a 40-pS and 20-pS potassium channel in the basolateral membrane of the DCT in wild-type and knockout mice, respectively. Compared with wild-type, Kcnj16−/− mice fed a normal potassium diet had higher basolateral potassium conductance, a more negative DCT membrane potential, higher expression of phosphorylated NCC (pNCC) and total NCC (tNCC), and augmented thiazide-induced natriuresis. Neither high- nor low-potassium diets affected the basolateral DCT’s potassium conductance and membrane potential in Kcnj16−/− mice. Although high potassium reduced and low potassium increased the expression of pNCC and tNCC in wild-type mice, these effects were absent in Kcnj16−/− mice. High potassium intake inhibited and low intake augmented thiazide-induced natriuresis in wild-type but not in Kcnj16−/− mice. Compared with wild-type, Kcnj16−/− mice with normal potassium intake had slightly lower plasma potassium but were more hyperkalemic with prolonged high potassium intake and more hypokalemic during potassium restriction.ConclusionsKir5.1 is essential for dietary potassium’s effect on NCC and for maintaining potassium homeostasis.

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4

Nam, Young Hee, Warren B. Bilker, Charles E. Leonard, Michelle L. Bell, and Sean Hennessy. "Outdoor temperature and survival benefit of empiric potassium in users of furosemide in US Medicaid enrollees: a cohort study." BMJ Open 9, no. 2 (2019): e023809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023809.

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ObjectiveHeat is associated with elevated all-cause mortality, and furosemide-induced potassium depletion might be worsened by heat-induced sweating. Because empiric potassium is associated with a marked survival benefit in users of furosemide at a dose of ≥40 mg/day, we hypothesised that this empiric potassium’s survival benefit would increase with higher temperature (≥24°C).DesignCohort study.SettingOutpatient setting, captured by Medicaid claims, supplemented with Medicare claims for dual enrollees, from 5 US states from 1999 to 2010, linked to meteorological data.Population/ParticipantsFurosemide (≥40 mg/day) initiators among adults continuously enrolled in Medicaid for at least 1 year prior to cohort entry (defined as the day following the dispensing day of each individual’s first observed furosemide prescription).ExposureInteraction between: (1) empiric potassium, dispensed the day of or the day following the dispensing of the initial furosemide prescription, and (2) daily average temperature and daily maximum temperature, examined separately.OutcomeAll-cause mortality.ResultsIn 1:1 propensity score matched cohorts (total n=211 878) that included 89 335 person-years and 9007 deaths, all-cause mortality rates per 1000 person-years were 96.0 (95% CI 93.2 to 98.9) and 105.8 (95% CI 102.8 to 108.9) for potassium users and non-users, respectively. The adjusted OR of all-cause mortality for potassium use declined (ie, its apparent protective effect increased) as temperature increased, from a daily average temperature of about 28°C and a daily maximum temperature of about 31°C. This relationship was not statistically significant with daily average temperature, but was statistically significant with daily maximum temperature (p values for the interaction of potassium with daily maximum temperature and daily maximum temperature squared were 0.031 and 0.028, respectively).ConclusionsThe results suggest that empiric potassium’s survival benefit among furosemide (≥40 mg/day) initiators may increase as daily maximum temperature increases. If this relationship is real, use of empiric potassium in Medicaid enrollees initiating furosemide might be particularly important on hot days.

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5

Qiu, Peng, Haohong Chen, Hanzhi Zhang, et al. "Hard Carbon as Anodes for Potassium-Ion Batteries: Developments and Prospects." Inorganics 12, no. 12 (2024): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12120302.

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Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) are regarded as a potential substitute for LIBs owing to the benefits of potassium’s abundance, low cost, and high safety. Nonetheless, the practical implementation of potassium-ion batteries still encounters numerous challenges, with the selection and design of anode materials standing out as a key factor impeding their progress. Hard carbon, characterized by its amorphous structure, high specific surface area, and well-developed pore structure, facilitates the insertion/extraction of potassium ions, demonstrating excellent rate performance and cycling stability. This review synthesizes the recent advancements in hard carbon materials utilized in PIB anodes, with a particular focus on the potassium storage mechanism, electrochemical properties, and modification strategies of hard carbon. Ultimately, we present a summary of the current challenges and future development directions of hard carbon materials, with the objective of providing a reference for the design and optimization of hard carbon materials for PIBs.

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6

Miyagishi, Shigeyoshi, Hiroshi Suzuki, and Tsuyoshi Asakawa. "Microviscosity and Aggregation Number of PotassiumN-Acylalaninate Micelles in Potassium Chloride Solution." Langmuir 12, no. 12 (1996): 2900–2905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la950554t.

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7

Dhol, S. R., P. M. Gami, R. C. Khunt, and A. R. Parikh. "Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Arylamides Containing 1,2,4-triazole Nuclei for Possible Antimicrobial Activity." E-Journal of Chemistry 1, no. 5 (2004): 228–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2004/240397.

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Diphenyl aceto hydrazide on reaction with carbon disulfide and potassium hydroxide gave potassiumα,α-diphenyl acetamido dithiocarbamate, which on cyclisation with hydrazine hydrate yielded key intermediate 3-mercapto-4,N-amino-5-benzhydryl-1,2,4-triazoles. The key intermediate on condensation with different acid chloride afforded our titled compounds. The synthesised compounds have been confirmed elemental analyses and further supported by spectral data. All the synthesised compounds have been evaluated for theirin vitroin vitro antimicrobial activity.

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8

Andrews, Ellie M., Sire Kassama, Evie E. Smith, Patrick H. Brown, and Sat Darshan S. Khalsa. "A Review of Potassium-Rich Crop Residues Used as Organic Matter Amendments in Tree Crop Agroecosystems." Agriculture 11, no. 7 (2021): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11070580.

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Ecosystem-based approaches to nutrient management are needed to satisfy crop nutrient requirements while minimizing environmental impacts of fertilizer use. Applying crop residues as soil amendments can provide essential crop nutrient inputs from organic sources while improving nutrient retention, soil health, water conservation, and crop performance. Tree crop hulls, husks, and shells have been found to contain high concentrations of potassium across species including almond, cacao, coffee, pecan, and hazelnut. The objective of this review is to characterize organic sources of potassium focusing on lignocellulosic pericarps and discuss reported effects of surface application on potassium cycling, water dynamics, soil functionality, and crop yield. Research indicates potassium ions solubilize readily from plant material into soil solution due to potassium’s high mobility as a predominately unbound monatomic cation in plant tissues. Studies evaluating tree crop nutshells, field crop residues, and forest ecosystem litter layers indicate this process of potassium release is driven primarily by water and is not strongly limited by decomposition. Research suggests orchard floor management practices can be tailored to maximize the soil and plant benefits provided by this practice. Contextual factors influencing practice adoption and areas for future study are discussed.

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9

Hopkins, W. F., J. L. Miller, and G. P. Miljanich. "Voltage-gated Potassium Channel Inhibitors." Current Pharmaceutical Design 2, no. 4 (1996): 389–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612802666220925203618.

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Forty years have transpired since tetraethylammonium was first used to selectively inhibit the potassiuin conductance in squid axons. Since then, a large body of work has emerged describing inhibitors of voltage-gated potassium currents in a variety of cells. The advent of molecular cloning techniques and the cloning of the potassium channel encoded by the Shaker locus in Drosophila has enabled detailed structure function studies of several potassium channel subunits. These breakthroughs have also recently enabled studies of the "toxinology" and pharmacology of specific potassium channel subunits expressed heterologously in Xenopus oocytes and other cells. Here we describe the results of some of those efforts, focusing in particular on our work with four members of the Shaker subfamily of potassium channel a-subunits: Kvl.1 through Kvl.4. These subunits are expressed in the central nervous system and other tissues of rodents, and are highly homologous to corresponding subunits expressed in humans. We provide a profile of potency and selectivity for.five snake dendrotoxins as well as several scorpion toxins for these potassium channel subunits expressed in Xenopus oocytes. We also provide similar data for four other peptide toxins and several nonpeptide compounds that had previously been shown to inhibit potassium currents. We discuss several potential clinical applications of potassium channel inhibitors, including demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis, immunosuppression, cardiac arrhythmias, neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. Further progress will require, among other things, a greater understanding of the expression patterns of potassium channel subunits in the CNS and elsewhere as well as knowledge of the specific subunit composition of heteromultimeric channels.

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10

Roeva, Tatyana, and Elena Leonicheva. "The effect of mineral fertilizers on the seasonal dynamics of exchangeable potassium in the orchard soil and the potassium status of sour cherry trees." BIO Web of Conferences 36 (2021): 04001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20213604001.

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The study was conducted to assess the impact of mineral fertilizers applied to the soil on the potassium level in the components of the “soil-plant” system of the sour cherry orchard. The experiment was conducted in the forest-steppe zone of the Central Russian Upland (Orel region) on loamy Haplic Luvisol during 2018-2020. The seasonal dynamics of exchangeable potassiumin the soil, the potassium status and productivity of sour cherry trees cv. ‘Turgenevka’ on the rootstock V-2-180 were studied in the orchard of 2015 planting. Fertilizers in the form of (NH2)2CO and K2SO4 were applied annually in early spring in doses of N30K40, N60K80, N90K120 and N120K160. It was found that a significant decrease in the level of potassium in the soil occurred during the period of intensive growth and crop formation, or after heavy precipitation. The use of fertilizers increased the content of exchangeable potassium in the soil (by 1.2-2.2 times), while the features of the potassium dynamics observed in unfertilized plots were preserved. Fertilizers contributed to the annual improvement of the potassium status of the leaves (by 0.05-0.24 % DW). The positive effect of fertilizers on the potassium content in fruits and the productivity of trees was manifested only in a year with prolonged intense precipitation (2020). The potassium content in fruits was 1.12-1.16 times higher than the control when applying N30K40, N60K80 and N90K120. A significant increase of tree productivity was found when applying N60K80 and N120K160 (by 54 and 69%, respectively).

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11

Madaras, M., and M. Koubová. "Potassium availability and soil extraction tests in agricultural soils with low exchangeable potassium content." Plant, Soil and Environment 61, No. 5 (2016): 234–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/171/2015-pse.

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12

Madaras, M., and M. Koubová. "Potassium availability and soil extraction tests in agricultural soils with low exchangeable potassium content." Plant, Soil and Environment 61, no. 5 (2015): 234–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/8190-pse.

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13

Akyuz, Enes. "Potassium Intake in Neurological Diseases." Journal of Natural & Ayurvedic Medicine 3, no. 2 (2019): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/jonam-16000177.

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Potassium is a crucial mineral for the muscles as well as the nervous system to function adequately because one of its main objectives is to cooperate with sodium to regulate the amount of fluid inside and outside the cells. As an electrolyte, potassium is known to increase cardiac and muscle activity. Also, the mineral supports the memory function of the brain. In addition, potassium increases memory and learning in healthy individuals. This is one of the main reasons why symptoms reflecting a low level of potassium are synonymous with neurological disease symptoms. In this context, the intake of potassium can be applied as a support for neurological diseases. This mini-review will discuss the potential role of potassium in several neurological diseases.

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14

Zaid Al-Wardy, Mustafa Iskander, Salam Ali Khuit, Karrar Falah Hadi Al khafagi, and Haidar Abd al Mahdi Kadim. "The impact of different potassium concentrations on the yield of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)." Bionatura 7, no. 4 (2022): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.21931/rb/2022.07.04.31.

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To investigate potassium's impact on mungbean yield, a field experiment was carried out in the Kut that was the Agriculture Directorate of Wasit in season 2018- 2019. This experiment compared four different potassium amounts (0, 1000, 2000 and 3000 mg.L-1), symboled K0, K1, K2 and K3, respectively. The findings of this research indicated that there were significant effects on pod length, the total number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, biological yield and grain yield, with treatment K3 achieving the highest average of 10.49 cm, 35.83 pods plant-1, 10.60 seeds pod-1, 1.430 ton ha-1, and 2.026 ton ha-1, respectively. At the same time, neither the ha harvest index nor the 100-seed weight was significantly impacted. Keywords: potassium, seed yield, biological yield, harvest index, mungbean.

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15

Suryadi, Ibnu Bangkit Bioshina, Desty Nurul Ulfa, Ayi Yustiati, and Rosidah Rosidah. "The Effect of Potassium Diformate as Feed Additive on Immune Performances of Nilem (Osteochilus hasselti Valenciennes, 1842) Under Infection of Aeromonas hydrophila." Omni-Akuatika 16, no. 1 (2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.oa.2020.16.1.734.

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This research aims to determine the most effective dosage of potassium diformate additives in feed to increase the body resistance of nilem carp (Osteochilus hasselti). This research used Complete Random Design (CRD) experimental method with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment used was the addition of potassium diformate on feed (0 %, 0.1 %, 0.3 % and 0.5 %). After 28 days of treatment, nilem fingerlings were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria with a density of 108 cfu ml-1. Parameters observed were the number of leukocytes, erythrocytes, survival rate, clinical symptoms and water quality. The result showed that leukocytes and erythrocytes number were significantly different in each treatment. Meanwhile, leukocytes and erythrocytes number of nilem fingerlings in challenged test were increased and decreased due to the addition of potassium diformate and A. hydrophila infection. Clinical symptoms after challenged test were relatively similar such as haemorhagic, ulceration, exopthalmia, dropsy and abnormal swimming movements. Therefore, survival rate of nilem fingerlings with 0.3 % of potassiun diformate was the highest compared to other treatments, namely 81.67 %.

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16

Priyavardhini, Sunkari, Shikha Singh, Tarence Thomas, and Vijay J. "Effect of Potassium Levels and Potassium Solubilizing Bacteria on Growth and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.)." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 10, no. 8 (2021): 1167–70. https://doi.org/10.21275/sr21824120401.

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17

Shimpi, Ravindra. "Relative Kinetic Study of Oxidation of Ethanol by Potassium Dichromate and Potassium Permanganate in Aqueous Acidic Media." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 12, no. 12 (2023): 686–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr231207185752.

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18

Slaoui, Aziz. "Potassium Permanganate Necrosis of the Vagina." Women Health Care and Issues 5, no. 3 (2022): 01–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2642-9756/117.

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A 19-year-old woman was referred to our emergency department for massive vaginal hemorrhage following an attempted clandestine abortion by intravaginal instillation of potassium permanganate crystals. Primigravida, she was 7 weeks pregnant and had no particular pathological history. Upon admission, she was in hemorrhagic shock with blood pressure at 7/3 mmHg and tachycardia at 152 bpm. Pelvic examination revealed active bleeding from the right vaginal wall. The cervix and vulva were normal. Mechanical hemostasis using a sterile gauze pad mounted on a long forceps was directly applied at the same time as the resuscitative management. After 3 minutes of compression, hemostasis was achieved and vaginal necrotic lesions appeared

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19

ASHOK, TIWARI, N. TIWARI K., and N. PATHAK A. "Potassium for Yield Improvement of Wheat." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 71, May 1994 (1994): 273–75. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5894773.

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Department of Sotl Science and Agricultural Chemistry, C. S Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur-208 002 <em>Manusript received 10 April 1993. accepted 30 June 1993</em> Potassium for Yield Improvement of Wheat

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20

MOHINI, MOHAN ADAK, CHANDRA BANERJEE GOPAL, and BANERJEE AMALENDU. "Use of Potassium Bromate. Oxidation of Organic Sulphur Compounds." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 62, Mar 1985 (1985): 224–28. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6322111.

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Chemistry Department, Jadavpur University, Calcutta-700 082 <em>Manuscript received 5 May 1983, accepted 19 January 1985</em> Oxidation of various organic sulphur compounds by potassium bromate under different experimental conditions was studied.

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21

Mohammad, Ajmal, and U. Malik Wahid. "Studies on Some Less Familiar Ferrocyanogen Complex. Part XV. Composition of the Reaction Products of Chromous Chloride and Potassium Ferricyanide." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 41 No. 5, May 1964 (2022): 375–78. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6510685.

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22

HEMLATA, KAZI, and M. DESAI C. "ANOMALOUS INTERFACIAL TENSlON OF LIQUIDS HAVING SENSITIVE H-BOND STRUCTURE AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 37, Jan 1960 (2022): 35–39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6534216.

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Interfacial tension measurements of liquids, such as amyl<sup>\(i\)</sup> acetate or butyl<sup>\(n\)</sup> acetate. having unstable H-bond structure.. against aqueous sodium oleate, cadmium iodide, mixtures of cadmium and potassium iodides, mixtures of add and base, and mixtures of potassium chromate Rod lead nitrate show maxima or minima at certain electrolyte concentrations; while benzene and hexane, not having such a structure. do not indicate such a behaviour.

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23

Kolar, J. S., and H. S. Grewal. "Response of Rice to Potassium." International Rice Research Newsletter 14, no. 3 (1989): 33. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7146753.

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This article 'Response of Rice to Potassium' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.

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24

Zia, M. S., M. Aslam, and M. T. Rashid. "Potassium Nutrition of Rice." International Rice Research Newsletter 12, no. 5 (1987): 36. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7127949.

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This article 'Potassium Nutrition of Rice' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.

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25

Talalayeva, O. S., A. Yu Zharikov, S. A. Fedoreyev, et al. "Experimental histochrome's effect on the renal excretory function." Bulletin of Siberian Medicine 10, no. 5 (2011): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2011-5-101-105.

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The aim of present investigation was to establish possible histochrome's effect on the renal excretory function. During 10 days was being administrated histochrome by subcutaneous injections in dose 10 mg/kg. Every 2 days was being detected daily renal excretions of water, creatinin, sodium and potassium. Long-term histochrome's administration was followed by a fivefold increasing of water excretion and comparable amplification of creatinin. Sodium's and potassium's excretions were increasing to a lesser degree. The revealed histochrome's diuretic effect qualitatively reminds action of diuretic plants, but quantitatively it was compared with thiazid's one.

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26

Elmira, Yermoldina, Kayrbekov Zhaksyntay, Aity Kali, and Vasilina Gulzira. "Polymetallic Catalysts for the Process of Hydrogenation of Nitrocompounds." Applied Mechanics and Materials 618 (August 2014): 238–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.618.238.

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Results of studies of humic substances in the quality of natural polymeric modifier for the coated palladium catalysts are presented in the paper, along with synthesis of new catalysts based on palladium – potassium humate, fixed on various inorganic carriers and their catalytic properties are studied. The catalysts may be placed in the following order according to activity: Pd-PHum/B-094 > Pd-PHum/Shungit (Sht), proc.1%КОН > Pd-PHum/Sht >> Pd-PHum/SiO2. More active and optimal are the catalysts of 0,8% Pd – Potassium’s Humat (1%)/B-94 and 0,8% Pd/Shungit 1% КОН.

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27

Hwang, Hyun-Sik, Hyun-Mi Kim, Min-A. Jeong, Dong-Hern Kim, Myung-Ok Byun, and Beom-Gi Kim. "Characteristics and functions of shaker like potassium channels in rice." Journal of Plant Biotechnology 37, no. 4 (2010): 539–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5010/jpb.2010.37.4.539.

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28

PAPAGEORGOPOULOS, D. C., G. HOOGERS, and D. A. KING. "THE INFLUENCE OF COADSORBATES (K, O) ON THE AUTOCATALYTIC DECOMPOSITION OF ACETIC ACID ON Rh{111}." Surface Review and Letters 01, no. 04 (1994): 553–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x94000643.

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The autocatalytic decomposition of acetic acid has been studied with TPD on the Rh{111} surface with and without the presence of coadsorbates. Sharp H2 and CO 2 desorption peaks indicating autocatalytic processes are produced after saturating the surface with acetate, and also after coadsorption of oxygen and potassium at room temperature. Oxygen is found to stabilize the acetate; potassiun destabilizes the acetate, and O/K mixtures have an intermediate effect. The results are discussed in terms of a simple empty-site-creation autocatalytic mechanism for systems in which the surface is initially fully saturated with adsorbate species.

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29

Tůma, J., M. Skalický, L. Tůmová, P. Bláhová, and M. Rosůlková. "Potassium, magnesium and calcium content in individual parts of Phaseolus vulgaris L. plant as related to potassium and magnesium nutrition." Plant, Soil and Environment 50, No. 1 (2011): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3637-pse.

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In a two-pot experiment of Phaseolus vulgaris L., the influence of K and Mg gradated doses upon K, Mg and Ca content in the pods, stem and leaves was studied. The content of cations changed significantly in individual parts of the plant. The highest content of potassium was found within the dry matter of the pods (it exceeded 4%) and stalk (3&ndash;4%). The highest content of calcium (3&ndash;4%) and magnesium (0.4&ndash;0.8%) was found within the dry matter of the leaves. The effects of K gradated doses were revealed significantly in its higher content increase mainly in the leaves (by as much as 83%) and the decrease of calcium content (31%) and magnesium content (37%) was observed in the leaves and less in the stalks. The effects of Mg gradated doses were revealed in the non-significant increase in its content in the leaves and stalks and the decrease of the potassium content in the leaves (by 19%) and in stalks (11%) and even in the decrease of the calcium content (52%) mainly in the pods.

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30

Morgan, Trefor, and John Myers. "Potassium Maintenance Potassium Supplements or Potassium Sparing Agents." Acta Medica Scandinavica 209, S647 (2009): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1981.tb02647.x.

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31

Lim, Jin Ah, Yeo Il Yoon, Sung Chan Nam, and Soon Kwan Jeong. "Post-combustion CO2capture with potassium L-lysine." Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society 14, no. 9 (2013): 4627–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2013.14.9.4627.

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32

Fábry, J., V. Petrícek, P. Vanek, and I. Císarová. "Phase Transition in K3Na(MoO4)2 and Determination of the Twinned Structures of K3Na(MoO4)2 and K2.5Na1.5(MoO4)2 at Room Temperature." Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science 53, no. 4 (1997): 596–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108768197002164.

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The room-temperature phases of sodium potassium molybdates K3Na(MoO4)2 and K2.5Na1.5(MoO4)2 are isostructural with the monoclinic low-temperature phases of KaNa(SeO4)2 and K3Na(CrO4)2, which are twinned distorted glaserite structures. In the molybdates there are two crystallographically independent potassiums and their environment slightly differs from those in K3Na(SeO4)2 and K3Na(CrO4)2. The excessive Na in K2.5Na1.5(MoO4)2 occupies the position of the more firmly bound potassium. A reversible phase transition at 513 K was discovered in KaNa(MoO4)2 by DSC (differential scanning calorimetry), but no such transition in K2.5Na1.5(MoO4)2 was detected. Both samples used in the diffractometer experiment were found to be composed of six domains being related by twinning operations of the point group 6. The twinning may be considered as a combination of a merohedral and a pseudo-merohedral twinning with two- and threefold rotations as twinning operations, respectively. However, a reversible domain switching, which is observable in the related ferroelastic crystals of KaNa(SeO4)2 and K3Na(CrO4)2, was not observed either in K3Na(MoO4)2 or in K2.5Na1.5(MoO4)2, either due to semitransparency of the samples or high ferroelastic distortion. This distortion is manifested by the values of the atomic displacement vectors which are about twice as large as those in the selenate or the chromate.

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33

J., C. LI, X. ZHAI Z., and Y. WANG L. "Thermochemistry of Solution of Salt Lakes. VI. Enthalpies of Dilution of MgB4O7-MgSO4-Li2SO4-H2O Systems at 298.15 K." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 73, Aug 1996 (1996): 427–28. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898039.

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Qinghai lnstitute of Salt Lake. Academia Sinica, Xizang 810008, P. R. China <em>Manuscript received 10 February 1994, revised 23 June 1994, accepted  13 December 1994</em> Thermochemistry of Solution of Salt Lakes. VI. Enthalpies of Dilution of MgB<sub>4</sub>O<sub>7</sub>-MgSO<sub>4</sub>-Li<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>-H<sub>2</sub>O Systems at 298.15 K

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34

S, B. SHARMA, and N. HWARI l. "Potassium Hexaisothiocyanatoferrate( II )hexapyridyl- molybdenum(III) and related Complexes." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 72, Jul 1995 (1995): 443–46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5905081.

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Depertment of Chemistry M L K (P G ) College Balrampur-271 201 <em>Manuscript received 26 February 1993 revised 18 january 1994 accepted 20 January 1994</em> Bimetallic hexathiocyanate complexes of the type, K[Fe(NCS)<sub>6</sub>j1Mo(L)<sub>n</sub>] (n = 6 when L = py or nia, n = 3 when L = bipy or phen) have been prepared and characterised. All the complexes are ionic and thiocyanate groups are bonded to Fe<sup>II</sup> through nitrogen-end. In all the complexes molybdenum is in octahedral environment. The proposed structures have been supported by HSAB principle and softness parameters. The complexes show enhanced fungitoxicity towards some soil fungi.

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35

USHA, GUPTA, and L. J. RAO A. "Spectrophotometric Determination of lron(II) by Extraction of its Cyclohexylthioglycolate Complex with Chloroform." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 67, Nov 1990 (1990): 934–35. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6276095.

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Department of Chemistry, Punjabi University, Patiala-147 002 <em>Manuscript received 22 June 1989, revised 25 July 1990, accepted 24 September 1990</em> Spectrophotometric Determination of lron(II) by Extraction of its Cyclohexylthioglycolate Complex with Chloroform

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36

V., K. CHITALE, and S. PITRE K. "Polarographic Behaviour and Kinetics of Electrode Reaction of Neodymium(III) in Potassium Chloride." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 62, Feb 1985 (1985): 118–20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6303220.

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Department of Chemistry, University of Saugar, Sagar-470 003 <em>Manuscript received 18 July 1983, revised 12 June 1984, accepted 19 January 1985</em> Polarographic behaviour and kinetics of electrode reaction of Nd<sup>III</sup> in potassium chloride in presence of 0.01% gelatin between<em> p</em>H 1.9 to 3.0 value have been investigated. It is observed that Nd<sup>III</sup> gives an irreversible polarographic wave in 0.1 to 0.5 mol dm<sup>-2</sup> potassium chloride, which attains a quasi-reversible nature on increasing the supporting electrolyte concentration and finally it becomes almost a reversible reduction wave in 1.0 mol dm<sup>-3</sup> potassium chloride. The reduction wave is of diffusion controlled nature. A shift in the half-wave potential to more negative value is observed with decreasing <em>p</em>H of the test solutions. Reversible half-wave potentials have been calculated by Gelling's method. Kinetic parameters of quasi-reversible and irreversible waves have also been evaluated.

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A., S. SINGHA, and N. MISRA B. "Some Studies towards Preparation of N-Acyl-O-alkylhydroxylamines and O-Acylhydroxamic Acids." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 66, Feb 1989 (1989): 101–3. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6303523.

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Chemistry Department, Regional Engineering College, Hamirpur-177 001 Chemistry Department, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla-171 005 A number of <em>N</em>-acyl-<em>O</em>-alkylhydroxylamines (2) have been prepared by alkylation of potassium salt of various hydroxamic acids (1) under different set of reaction con- ditions. Hydroxamic acids (3) obtained by acidic hydrolysis of potassium salt of hydrosamic acids were subjected to acylation with various acylating agents to give <em>O</em>-acylhydroxamic acids (4). The structure assignments of 2 and 4 are based on elemental, ir and nmr spectral data.

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38

W., V. BHAGWAT, and R. DBAR N. "Potassium Chromate and Potassium Dichromate as Light-filters and the Constitution of Chromic Acid from Absorption Measurements." Journal of Indian Chemical Society 7, Jan-Dec 1930 (2022): 913–22. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6837615.

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39

Sahu, S. K., and B. Sandha. "Relationship between applied potassium and iron toxicity in rice." International Rice Research Notes 26, no. 2 (2001): 52–53. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6955057.

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This article 'Relationship between applied potassium and iron toxicity in rice' appeared in the International Rice Research Notes series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and rice-based systems. The series is a mechanism to help scientists keep each other informed of current rice research findings. The concise scientific notes are meant to encourage rice scientists to communicate with one another to obtain details on the research reported.

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40

Mondal, A. H., and S. A. Miah. "Effect of K on Bacterial Blight (BB) Development." International Rice Research Newsletter 10, no. 2 (1985): 12–13. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7008789.

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This article 'Effect of K on Bacterial Blight (BB) Development' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.

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41

Hasan, ABMR Begum S. Awal MA Jahangir MMR and Islam MR. "Effect of potassium application on crop productivity in Boro rice production." International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences 9, no. 1 (2022): 62–72. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7062879.

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An experiment was conducted on the research farm of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh during 2007 to investigate the effect of different levels of K application on Boro rice production in Old Brahmaputra Flood Plain Soil. The soil type was Non-Calcareous Dark Grey Floodplain. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatment combinations were T<sub>1</sub>, (absolute control), T<sub>2</sub> (full dose of NPSZnB), T<sub>3</sub> (50% of estimated K + full dose of NPSZnB), T<sub>4</sub> (75% of estimated K + full dose of NPSZnB), T<sub>5</sub> (100% of estimated K + full dose of NPSZnB) and T<sub>6</sub> (K equal to estimated apparent balance + full dose of NPSZnB). The growth and yield contributing characters were significantly influenced by the treatments. For Boro rice (var. Binadhan 5), the yield attributes and the grain and straw yields responded significantly due to the treatments. The grain and straw yields of Boro rice ranged from 2.15 to 6.45 t ha<sup>-1</sup> and 2. 80 to 8.06 t ha-1, respectively. The highest grain yield of 6.45 t ha<sup>-1</sup> was obtained in treatment T<sub>5</sub> (100% of estimated K + full dose of NPSZnB). A minimum replenishment of K from the soil reserve was observed. Economics of fertilizer uses for Boro rice cropping showed that among the treatments, T<sub>5</sub>gave the highest benefit cost ratio 7.58. The results indicated that in order to obtain sustainably higher crop yield under intensive rice cultivation, the addition of potash fertilizer is necessary.

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Wang, Y. R. "Absorption of Nutrients and Their Replaceable Functions in Rice Varieties Tolerant of and Sensitive to K Deficiency." International Rice Research Newsletter 15, no. 4 (1990): 13–14. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7179479.

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This article 'Absorption of Nutrients and Their Replaceable Functions in Rice Varieties Tolerant of and Sensitive to K Deficiency' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.

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43

Singh, B. P., and B. N. Singh. "Response to K Application of Rice in Iron-Rich Valley Soils." International Rice Research Newsletter 12, no. 5 (1987): 31–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7141772.

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This article 'Response to K Application of Rice in Iron-Rich Valley Soils' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.

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44

Zhahid, Hassan, Mohd Osman Dawar Baleekhudin, Bashir Insha, and Ali Irfan. "Clinical and Etiological Profile of Hypokalemic Paralysis." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 7 (2023): 1359–62. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11933283.

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<strong>Introduction:</strong> Hypokalemia is one of the most commonly encountered fluid and electrolyte abnormalities in clinical medicine. Muscle weakness secondary to low serum potassium levels is characteristically seen in Hypokalemic paralysis (HP). This heterogenous syndrome can be due to skeletal muscle channelopathies, thyrotoxicosis or various conditions causing excessive loss of potassium (renal or extra renal causes). With appropriate therapy, most cases respond rapidly and often show a complete recovery. <strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>This was a prospective observational study, where patients with hypokalemia and acute weakness presenting to a tertiary care center were included in the study. A total of 43 patients were incorporated and their clinico etiological profile was assessed. <strong>Results: </strong>The mean (± standard deviation) age of cases (n=43) was observed to be 29.18(± 10.23) years, with a range of 11 to 63 years. The study group was observed to comprise of 26 (60.4%) males and 17 (39.5%) females. The mean (± standard deviation) serum potassium level of patients at baseline was 2.19(±0.54) with a range between 1.3 mEq /L and 3.1 mEq/L. None of the patients died during hospital stay. The etiological profile revealed causes as  Acute gastroenteritis in 15(34.8%),  Renal tubular acidosis  in 3 (6.9%), diuretic use in 3 (6.9%), Bartter syndrome in 2 (4.65%), Gitelman syndrome in 2 (4.65%), hypothyroid in 2(4.65%) , Thyrotoxic Periodic Paralysis in 4 (9.3%), Cushing’s syndrome in 1 (2.3%), Diabetic Ketoacidosis in 3(6.9%) and Primary hypokalemic periodic paralysis in 3(6.9%). <strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is imperative for an astute clinician to have an understanding of this extensive syndrome, for acute management and to enable complete unraveling of the underlying pathophysiology and diagnosis with a goal of preventing further attacks and improve quality of life in most patients.    

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Bugaenko, V. V., and R. Yu. Eroshov. "Interaction of aluminum with fluorine-containing salt melts." Prirodničì nauki, no. 16 (November 24, 2019): 79–83. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3551746.

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The interaction of solid aluminum with salt melt systems of the KAlF4-KBF4-KCl system in the temperature interval (<sup>о</sup>С) 470÷600 was studied. As a result of the metallothermic reaction, a boron powder of black-brown color with particle size distribution of 0.1÷0.01 mm was obtained. An increase in the amount of interaction product with increasing temperature, content of potassium tetrafluoroborate in the melt and the specific surface of aluminum samples was noted.

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46

Symak, Dmytro, Vira Sabadash, Jaroslaw Gumnitsky, and Zoriana Hnativ. "Kinetic Regularities and Mathematical Modelling of Potassium Chloride Dissolution." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 15, no. 1 (2021): 148–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht15.01.148.

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The dissolution process of potassium chloride particles in the apparatus with two-blade mechanical stirrer was investigated and the mass transfer coefficient was determined. The experimental results were generalized by criterion dependence. The independence of the mass transfer coefficient from the solid particles diameter was confirmed. A countercurrent process of potassium salt dissolution in two apparatuses with a mechanical stirring was considered. A mathematical model for countercurrent dissolution was developed and the efficiency of this process was determined.

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47

Watson, Conor, Joachim Clemens, and Florian Wichern. "Hazenite: a new secondary phosphorus, potassium and magnesium fertiliser." Plant, Soil and Environment 66, No. 1 (2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/492/2019-pse.

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Secondary fertilisers are becoming an important alternative to conventional mined fertilisers. For the first time, the struvite "relative" hazenite (KNaMg<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>∙14 H<sub>2</sub>O) has been artificially synthesised. A pot trial assessed whether hazenite-fertilised ryegrass had comparable potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), or phosphorus (P) uptake and shoot yields with treatments receiving conventional K (muriate of potash), Mg (kieserite) or P (triple superphosphate, TSP) fertilisers. Ryegrass shoot biomass production and K/Mg uptake in replicates receiving hazenite were as good as or superior to those amended with conventional fertilisers. Phosphorus uptake of plants whose P source was TSP was significantly higher than that of the hazenite-amended replicates without significantly higher shoot biomass, indicating luxury P uptake. Hazenite’s constituent sodium (Na) makes it a potentially useful soil amendment for forage grasses or natrophilic crops such as sugar beet. Its component Mg would also be desirable in forage grasses to pre-empt ruminant hypomagnesemia or in crops with a relatively high Mg demand, for example, maize. Furthermore, hazenite represents a good alternative to KCl for chlorophobic crops such as potatoes. However, given its unusual ratio of Mg, P, and K, the ideal application of hazenite would probably be in combination with other fertilisers.

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48

Najafi-Ghiri, M., and A. Abtahi. "Potassium fixation in soil size fractions of arid soils." Soil and Water Research 8, No. 2 (2013): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/52/2012-swr.

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Amounts of potassium (K) fixed in soil fractions of 10 calcareous soils of southern Iran were measured to evaluate the contributions of different soil size fractions to K fixation. Soil particles were fractionated after dispersion of the soils with an ultrasonic probe. Potassium fixation analysis was done by addition of 1000 mg K/kg samples. Mineralogy of the size fractions was determined by X-ray diffraction. The clay fractions were dominated by smectite, chlorite, mica, and palygorskite. Potassium fixation capacities ranged from 104 to 148&nbsp;mg/kg for clay, from 102 to 155 mg/kg for silt, and from 96 to 187 mg/kg for sand fractions. A positive and significant relationship (P &lt; 0.05) was obtained between K fixation capacity and smectite content for the clay fractions. High amounts of K fixed in the sand fraction may be explained by a larger diffusion path of fixed K out of the frayed edges of micaceous and smectitic minerals into the extracting solution, low cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the coarse fraction and thereby the high concentration gradient along solution and interlayers, physical entrapment of K&nbsp;ions in coarse aggregates cemented by carbonates, and by the presence of clay particles in coarse fractions due to incomplete dispersion of coarse aggregates.

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Robert, Jean-Louis, Giancarlο Della Ventura, Mati Raudsepp, and Frank C. Hawthorne. "Rietveld structure refinement of synthetic strontium-rich potassium-richterites." European Journal of Mineralogy 5, no. 2 (1993): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/ejm/5/2/0199.

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E, Farahani. "Potassium May Have Remarkable Dispersive Effect on Soil Structure." Open Access Journal of Agricultural Research 10, no. 1 (2025): 1–2. https://doi.org/10.23880/oajar-16000383.

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Soil structure is central for ecosystem services included crop productivity and erosion control. Two important characteristics of soil structure are form and stability, which can affect soil functions such as soil fluid transport capability that regulates soil aeration and water infiltration [1]. Clay particles associated with mineral and organic soil components are essential in soil structure stability and for sustaining favourable soil conditions in agricultural soils. Monovalent cations such as sodium (Na) or potassium (K) may create clay dispersion and swelling which result in soil structural degradation [2]. Exchangeable K may disperse soil structure similar to Na, however it has received less attention because amounts of K are typically low in salt-affected soils [3]. Only a few studies have shown that K, which is one of macro-nutrients, can also affect soil structure even when the exchangeable Na concentration is small [4]. The effect of K on soil structure compare with Na directly depended on soil clay mineralogy, it means type of clay and degree of weathering also could affect possible dispersive impact of K on soil structure [1,4].

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