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Journal articles on the topic 'Potato virus X (PVX)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Pourrahim, R., Sh Farzadfar, A. R. Golnaraghi, and A. Ahoonmanesh. "Incidence and Distribution of Important Viral Pathogens in Some Iranian Potato Fields." Plant Disease 91, no. 5 (2007): 609–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-91-5-0609.

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From a total of 8,135 potato leaves collected from 132 fields in 11 provinces of Iran, the incidence and distribution of Alfalfa mosaic virus (AlMV), Eggplant mottled dwarf virus (EMDV), Potato leafroll virus (PLRV), Potato virus A (PVA), Potato virus M (PVM), Potato virus S(PVS), Potato virus X (PVX), Potato virus Y (PVY), and Tomato yellow fruit ring virus (TYFRV) were assessed using serological and biological methods. Based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results, viruses in decreasing order of incidence in potato were PVS (35.9%), PVY (34.4%), PVA (27.0%), PVX (20.8%), PLRV (1

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2

Anjum, Romana, M. Aslam Khan, Kolawole Oluwaseun Olawale, and Raheel Baber. "Field Evaluation and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Detection of Potato Leaf Roll Virus, Potato Virus X and Potato Virus Y in Potato Germplasm." Journal of Agricultural Science 9, no. 7 (2017): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v9n7p229.

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Polerovirus: potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), Potyvirus: potato virus Y (PVY) and Potexvirus: potato virus X (PVX) is more destructive and well distributed throughout the Pakistan. Incidence has been reported to be as high as 90%, 25%, and ≥ 15%, respectively in the potato growing regions. To find out the source of resistance, twenty-nine virus free potato varieties were grown under field conditions with good agricultural practices. The disease severity of PLRV, PVY and PVX was recorded to determine the level of resistance of the potato varieties according to the disease rating scale. Infectivit

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3

Gul, Zishan, Aftab A. Khan, Asif U. R. Khan, and Zaheer U. Khan. "Incidence of Potato Viruses in Different Districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhawa, Pakistan." International Journal of Phytopathology 2, no. 1 (2013): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/phytopath.002.01.0045.

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Three consecutive potato crops are grown annually in Pakistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhawa (KPK) province is the main source for seed tubers. During the year 2010, 240 symptomatic and viral susceptible potato leave samples were collected from Swat, Dir, Abbottabad and Mansehra and serologically confirmed through Double Antibody Sandwich (DAS) Enzyme Linked Immunosorbant Assay (ELISA) against Potato virus X (PVX), Potato virus Y (PVY), Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), Potato virus M (PVM), Potato virus S (PVS) and Potato virus A (PVA). The presence or absence of viruses was confirmed by observing the

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4

Sonoda, S., H. Koiwa, K. Kanda, H. Kato, M. Shimono, and M. Nishiguchi. "The Helper Component-Proteinase of Sweet potato feathery mottle virus Facilitates Systemic Spread of Potato virus X in Ipomoea nil." Phytopathology® 90, no. 9 (2000): 944–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2000.90.9.944.

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When Ipomoea nil was coinfected with Sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV), a member of the genus Potyvirus, and Potato virus X (PVX) typical symptoms caused by PVX were observed on those by SPFMV on the first upper true leaves at 14 days postinoculation (dpi). On the other hand, no PVX-induced symptoms were observed on the first upper true leaves at 14 dpi when plants were infected with PVX alone. In the case of coinfection with PVX and SPFMV, PVX RNA was detected not only in the inoculated cotyledonary leaves but also in the first upper true leaves at 14 dpi. In the case of single infec

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5

Lambert, Susan J., Frank S. Hay, Sarah J. Pethybridge, and Calum R. Wilson. "Spatiotemporal Spread of Potato virus S and Potato virus X in Seed Potato in Tasmania, Australia." Plant Health Progress 8, no. 1 (2007): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-2007-0726-07-rs.

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The spatial and temporal distribution of Potato virus S (PVS) and Potato virus X (PVX) was studied in two trials within each of four commercial fields of seed potato var. Russet Burbank in Tasmania, Australia. In the first trial (plots) 20 leaflets were collected from each of 49 plots (each approximately 8 m wide by 10 m long), with plots arranged in a 7-×-7 lattice. In the second trial (transects), leaflets were collected at 1-m intervals along seven adjacent, 50-m long rows. The mean incidence of PVS increased during the season by 5.2% in one of four plot trials and 25.5% in one of four tran

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6

Nyalugwe, Eviness P., Calum R. Wilson, Brenda A. Coutts, and Roger A. C. Jones. "Biological Properties of Potato virus X in Potato: Effects of Mixed Infection with Potato virus S and Resistance Phenotypes in Cultivars from Three Continents." Plant Disease 96, no. 1 (2012): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-04-11-0305.

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Interactions between Potato virus X (PVX) and Potato virus S (PVS) were studied in potato plants, and isolates of PVX were inoculated to potato cultivars from four continents to identify occurrence of PVX resistance genes. Mixed infection with PVX and PVS increased the titer of PVS and enhanced expression of foliar symptoms in primarily and secondarily infected plants of ‘Royal Blue’. PVX isolates belonging to strain groups 1 and 3 (WA1+3) or 3 (XK3 and TAS3) were sap and graft inoculated (1 to 3 isolates each) to 38 cultivars and one breeding line. Presence of extreme PVX resistance gene Rx w

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7

Czupryn, Marta, and Maria Błaszczyk. "Detection of potato virus X in potato leaves by means of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 43, no. 4 (2015): 505–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1974.049.

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A rapid method of detection and evaluation of potato virus X (PVX) infection in potato leaves is described. The method is based on: 1) discarding of major part of cytoplasmic proteins from leaf homogenate by precipitation with polyethylene glycol in final concentration of 2%, 2) precipitation of virus containing fraction by increasing the concentration of polyethylene glycol to 3.5% and electrophoretic identification of virus coat protein extracted from this fraction. The procedure allows early detection of PVX in plants inoculated with virus as well as grown from infected tubers.

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8

Fuentes, Segundo, Adrian J. Gibbs, Mohammad Hajizadeh, et al. "The Phylogeography of Potato Virus X Shows the Fingerprints of Its Human Vector." Viruses 13, no. 4 (2021): 644. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13040644.

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Potato virus X (PVX) occurs worldwide and causes an important potato disease. Complete PVX genomes were obtained from 326 new isolates from Peru, which is within the potato crop′s main domestication center, 10 from historical PVX isolates from the Andes (Bolivia, Peru) or Europe (UK), and three from Africa (Burundi). Concatenated open reading frames (ORFs) from these genomes plus 49 published genomic sequences were analyzed. Only 18 of them were recombinants, 17 of them Peruvian. A phylogeny of the non-recombinant sequences found two major (I, II) and five minor (I-1, I-2, II-1, II-2, II-3) ph

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9

Ahmadvand, R., A. Takács, J. Taller, I. Wolf, and Z. Polgár. "Potato viruses and resistance genes in potato." Acta Agronomica Hungarica 60, no. 3 (2012): 283–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aagr.60.2012.3.10.

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Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the fourth most important food crop in the world. It is the most economically valuable and well-known member of the plant family Solanaceae. Potato is the host of many pathogens, including fungi, bacteria, Phytoplasmas, viruses, viroids and nematodes, which cause reductions in the quantity and quality of yield. Apart from the late blight fungus [Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary] viruses are the most important pathogens, with over 40 viruses and virus-like pathogens infecting cultivated potatoes in the field, among which Potato virus Y (PVY), Potato leaf r

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10

Blanch, Ewan W., David J. Robinson, Lutz Hecht, Christopher D. Syme, Kurt Nielsen, and Laurence D. Barron. "Solution structures of potato virus X and narcissus mosaic virus from Raman optical activity." Journal of General Virology 83, no. 1 (2002): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-83-1-241.

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Potato virus X (PVX) and narcissus mosaic virus (NMV) were studied using vibrational Raman optical activity (ROA) in order to obtain new information on the structures of their coat protein subunits. The ROA spectra of the two intact virions are very similar to each other and similar to that of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) studied previously, being dominated by signals characteristic of proteins with helix bundle folds. In particular, PVX and NMV show strong positive ROA bands at ∼1340 cm−1 assigned to hydrated α-helix and perhaps originating in surface exposed helical residues, together with les

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11

Barajas, D., F. Tenllado, and J. R. Díaz-Ruíz. "Characterization of the Recombinant Forms Arising from a Potato virus X Chimeric Virus Infection under RNA Silencing Pressure." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 19, no. 8 (2006): 904–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-19-0904.

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Recombination is a frequent phenomenon in RNA viruses whose net result is largely influenced by selective pressures. RNA silencing in plants acts as a defense mechanism against viruses and can be used to engineer virus resistance. Here, we have investigated the influence of RNA silencing as a selective pressure to favor recombinants of PVX-HCT, a chimeric Potato virus X (PVX) vector carrying the helper-component proteinase (HC-Pro) gene from Plum pox virus (PPV). All the plants from two lines expressing a silenced HC-Pro transgene were completely resistant to PPV. However a significant proport

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12

Rashid, Fauqia, Saif Khalid, I. Ahmad, and S. M. Mughal. "Potato virus X (PVX) resistance in tomato cultivars." Tropical Pest Management 35, no. 4 (1989): 357–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09670878909371403.

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13

Fletcher, J. D. "A virus survey of New Zealand fresh process and seed potato crops during 201011." New Zealand Plant Protection 65 (January 8, 2012): 197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2012.65.5366.

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A survey of 35 potato crops for potato viruses X Y S M A and leafroll was completed in three regions of New Zealand PVS was the most widespread virus with incidences of up to 100 in most crops PVM and PVA were present in around onethird of crops with PVM incidence at 100 in 11 crops The incidence of PVA was always below 35 PVYN was present in 17 of crops Within crops PVY incidence reached 100 in two crops but in the remaining five crops was 50 or lower Potato leafroll virus was detected in only five crops at 2 or less and similarly PVX in three crops at 1 incidence Over 20 years PVS has increa

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14

Kobayashi, Ken, Silvia Cabral, Gabriela Calamante, Sara Maldonado, and Alejandro Mentaberry. "Transgenic Tobacco Plants Expressing the Potato virus X Open Reading Frame 3 Gene Develop Specific Resistance and Necrotic Ring Symptoms After Infection with the Homologous Virus." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 14, no. 11 (2001): 1274–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.2001.14.11.1274.

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Tobacco plants were transformed with the open reading frame 3 gene from Potato virus X (PVX) coding for the p12 protein. Although the transgenic plants exhibited a normal morphological aspect, microscopic examination revealed extensive alterations in leaf tissue structure. After being challenged with PVX, the transgenic plants showed resistance to PVX infection and formation of specific leaf symptoms consisting of concentric rings encircled by necrotic borders. These novel symptoms were accompanied by biochemical changes normally associated with the hypersensitive response (HR) and were absent

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15

Abou Kubaa, Raied, Elia Choueiri, Angelo De Stradis, Fouad Jreijiri, Maria Saponari, and Fabrizio Cillo. "Occurrence and Distribution of Major Viruses Infecting Eggplant in Lebanon and Molecular Characterization of a Local Potato Virus X Isolate." Agriculture 11, no. 2 (2021): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11020126.

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This research was carried out in order to evaluate the presence and distribution of viral infections causing severe disease in eggplant plants collected from different districts in Bekaa valley, Lebanon. Most infected plants showed virus-like symptoms consisting predominantly of leaf blotch, mottling chlorotic and ring spots; leaf twisting and plant dwarf were also observed in the visited fields. Symptomatic and asymptomatic plants were collected and screened by ELISA test for the presence of several different pathogenic viruses potentially present in the area. Results showed that potato virus

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16

Kalra, A., N. Rishi, R. K. Grover, and S. M. Paulkhurana. "Influence of different factors on the reduced susceptibility of potato virus X infected potato leaves to Alternaria solani." Journal of Agricultural Science 119, no. 2 (1992): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600014106.

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SUMMARYFactors influencing potato virus X (PVX)-induced resistance to Alternaria solani in potato leaves are reported. The inhibition of fungal infection was dependent on the time interval between viral and fungal inoculations, fungal inoculum load, age of the host, virus strain and host cultivar. The maximum reduction in fungal infection was observed when a gap of 120 h occurred between PVX and A. solani inoculations. The clearest interactive effect in terms of reduced susceptibility to A. solani infection was seen at a fungal spore concentration of 1000 spores/ml in 20-day-old plants. This e

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17

Qamar, Misbah Iqbal, Yasir Iftikhar, Zafar Iqbal, Mustansar Mubeen, and Ata-ul Haq. "Screening of Potato Germplasm through ELISA against Potato Virus X (PVX)." Universal Journal of Plant Science 3, no. 2 (2015): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.13189/ujps.2015.030202.

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18

Zindovic, Jelena. "Presence and distribution of economically important potato viruses in Montenegro." Pesticidi i fitomedicina 26, no. 2 (2011): 117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pif1102117z.

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The research was carried out, in the period 2002-2004 in order to determine the presence and distribution of potato viruses at 12 different locations and on 9 different potato varieties grown in Montenegro. The research included collecting of samples in seed potato crops and testing of six economically important potato viruses: Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), Potato virus Y (PVY), Potato virus X (PVX), Potato virus S (PVS), Potato virus A (PVA) i Potato virus M (PVM). Using the direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) and commercial antisera specific for six potato viruses, it was f

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Niehl, Annette, Christophe Lacomme, Alexander Erban, Joachim Kopka, Ute Krämer та Joachim Fisahn. "Systemic Potato virus X infection induces defence gene expression and accumulation of β-phenylethylamine-alkaloids in potato". Functional Plant Biology 33, № 6 (2006): 593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp06049.

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A better understanding of defence responses elicited during compatible plant–virus interactions is a current goal in plant pathology. We analysed defence responses during infection of Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Desiree with Potato virus X (PVX) at the transcript and metabolite level. A mostly unchanged primary metabolism reflects the compatible nature of this plant–virus interaction. Salicylic acid biosynthesis and expression of several defence genes including PR-1 and glutathione-S-transferase, which are involved in ethylene and reactive oxygen species dependent signalling, were highly up-regul

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20

Nosheen, Qudsia, Shahid Hameed, Sardar M. Mughal, and Muhammad F. Abbas. "Serological Identity of Potato Virus X (PVX) and PCR Characterization of Its Coat Protein (CP) Gene." International Journal of Phytopathology 2, no. 2 (2013): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/phytopath.002.02.0264.

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Potato virus X (PVX) is among top ten most economically damaging plant viruses in the world and its increasing incidence is getting an alarming situation in potato crop of Pakistan. During two consecutive years (2010-11 and 2011-12), the incidence of PVX was recorded in potato fields at Rawalpindi, Islamabad, Faisalabad and Sahiwal. The samples were collected and subjected to Double Antibody Sandwiched (DAS) Enzyme Linked Immunosorbant Assay (ELISA) and average incidence of PVX was determined about 16.86% (OD405nm 1.38) during 2010-11 and 27.10% (OD405nm 0.479) in 2011-12. The infectivity of t

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Sánchez, Gerardo, Nadia Gerhardt, Florencia Siciliano, Adrián Vojnov, Isabelle Malcuit, and María Rosa Marano. "Salicylic Acid Is Involved in the Nb-Mediated Defense Responses to Potato virus X in Solanum tuberosum." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 23, no. 4 (2010): 394–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-23-4-0394.

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To evaluate the role of salicylic acid (SA) in Nb-mediated hypersensitive resistance to Potato virus X (PVX) avirulent strain ROTH1 in Solanum tuberosum, we have constructed SA-deficient transgenic potato plant lines by overexpressing the bacterial enzyme salicylate hydroxylase (NahG), which degrades SA. Evaluation of these transgenic lines revealed hydrogen peroxide accumulation and spontaneous lesion formation in an age- and light-dependent manner. In concordance, NahG potato plants were more sensitive to treatment with methyl viologen, a reactive oxygen species–generating compound. In addit

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Ariga, Hirotaka, Seiichi Toki, and Kazuhiro Ishibashi. "Potato Virus X Vector-Mediated DNA-Free Genome Editing in Plants." Plant and Cell Physiology 61, no. 11 (2020): 1946–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcaa123.

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Abstract Genome editing technology is important for plant science and crop breeding. Genome-edited plants prepared using general CRISPR-Cas9 methods usually contain foreign DNA, which is problematic for the production of genome-edited transgene-free plants for vegetative propagation or highly heterozygous hybrid cultivars. Here, we describe a method for highly efficient targeted mutagenesis in Nicotiana benthamiana through the expression of Cas9 and single-guide (sg)RNA using a potato virus X (PVX) vector. Following Agrobacterium-mediated introduction of virus vector cDNA, &gt;60% of shoot

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Ares, X., G. Calamante, S. Cabral, et al. "Transgenic Plants Expressing Potato Virus X ORF2 Protein (p24) Are Resistant to Tobacco Mosaic Virus and Ob Tobamoviruses." Journal of Virology 72, no. 1 (1998): 731–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.72.1.731-738.1998.

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ABSTRACT The p24 protein, one of the three proteins implicated in local movement of potato virus X (PVX), was expressed in transgenic tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum Xanthi D8 NN). Plants with the highest level of p24 accumulation exhibited a stunted and slightly chlorotic phenotype. These transgenic plants facilitate the cell-to-cell movement of a mutant of PVX that contained a frameshift mutation in p24. Upon inoculation with tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), the size of necrotic local lesions was significantly smaller in p24+ plants than in nontransgenic, control plants. Systemic resistance to

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Du, ZhiYou, JiShuang Chen, and Chuji Hiruki. "Optimization and Application of a Multiplex RT-PCR System for Simultaneous Detection of Five Potato Viruses Using 18S rRNA as an Internal Control." Plant Disease 90, no. 2 (2006): 185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-90-0185.

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Search for a host RNA molecule appropriate as an internal control for reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detection of viruses in potato (Solanum tuberosum) was conducted. The 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) was compared with the commonly used nad2 mRNA in terms of detection sensitivity and degradation kinetics. Detection of 18S rRNA was 5 magnitudes more sensitive than that of nad2 mRNA. The 18S rRNA also displayed degradation kinetics more similar to that of Potato virus X (PVX). Based on this result, reaction components and cycling parameters were optimized for a multiplex RT-

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Bazzini, A. A., H. E. Hopp, R. N. Beachy, and S. Asurmendi. "Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing Does Not Play a Significant Role in Potato virus X Coat Protein-Mediated Resistance." Phytopathology® 96, no. 11 (2006): 1175–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-96-1175.

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The expression of a gene that encodes coat protein (CP) of Potato virus X (PVX) in transgenic tobacco plants confers a high level of CP-mediated rresistance (CP-MR) against PVX infection. To determine if posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS) plays a role in resistance, transgenic plants expressing PVX CP were challenged against PVX under conditions in which PTGS was suppressed by low temperatures or using viruses carrying PTGS suppressors. The data demonstrate that PTGS does not play a significant role in PVX CP-MR.

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Silva, Oneida de Almeida, Antonia dos Reis Figueira, Alessandra de Jesus Boari, César Augusto Brasil Pereira Pinto, and Rafael Rodrigues Boni. "Caracterização biológica de onze isolados de PVX (Potato virus X) do Brasil." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 29, no. 3 (2005): 521–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542005000300003.

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Este trabalho foi realizado com onze isolados do Potato Vírus X (PVX), sendo seis do Centro de Indexação de Vírus Minas Gerais (VIC, LAV, UF, NR, SJ, UDI), um de São Paulo (VEL), dois do Rio Grande do Sul (P21 e P22), um de Santa Catarina (CAN) e um do Distrito Federal (BR). Os isolados de PVX foram inoculados mecanicamente, em duas épocas diferentes (setembro de 2001 e julho de 2002), em hospedeiras diversas, para verificação da sua agressividade e sintomatologia induzida nos hospedeiros, com a finalidade de se fazer sua diferenciação. A diagnose foi feita por inspeção visual e DAS-ELISA. For

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Andika, Ida Bagus, Hideki Kondo, Masamichi Nishiguchi, and Tetsuo Tamada. "The cysteine-rich proteins of beet necrotic yellow vein virus and tobacco rattle virus contribute to efficient suppression of silencing in roots." Journal of General Virology 93, no. 8 (2012): 1841–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.043513-0.

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Many plant viruses encode proteins that suppress RNA silencing, but little is known about the activity of silencing suppressors in roots. This study examined differences in the silencing suppression activity of different viruses in leaves and roots of Nicotiana benthamiana plants. Infection by tobacco mosaic virus, potato virus Y and cucumber mosaic virus but not potato virus X (PVX) resulted in strong silencing suppression activity of a transgene in both leaves and roots, whereas infection by beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) and tobacco rattle virus (TRV) showed transgene silencing sup

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Yang, Yang, Biao Ding, David C. Baulcombe, and Jeanmarie Verchot. "Cell-to-Cell Movement of the 25K Protein of Potato virus X Is Regulated by Three Other Viral Proteins." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 13, no. 6 (2000): 599–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.2000.13.6.599.

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The 25K, 12K, and 8K proteins and coat protein (CP) of Potato virus X (PVX) are required for virus cell-to-cell movement. In this study, experiments were conducted to determine whether the PVX 25K protein moves cell to cell and to explore potential interactions between the PVX 25K, 12K, and 8K proteins and CP. The PVX 25K gene was fused to the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene and inserted into plasmids adjacent to the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. These plasmids were introduced by biolistic bombardment to transgenic tobacco expressing the PVX 12K, 8K, and CP genes. The GFP:25K fus

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Aguilar, Emmanuel, David Almendral, Lucía Allende, et al. "The P25 Protein of Potato Virus X (PVX) Is the Main Pathogenicity Determinant Responsible for Systemic Necrosis in PVX-Associated Synergisms." Journal of Virology 89, no. 4 (2014): 2090–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02896-14.

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ABSTRACTMost plant viruses counter the RNA silencing-based antiviral defense by expressing viral suppressors of RNA silencing (VSRs). In this sense, VSRs may be regarded as virulence effectors that can be recognized by the host as avirulence (avr) factors to induceR-mediated resistance. We made use ofAgrobacterium-mediated transient coexpression of VSRs in combination withPotato virus X(PVX) to recapitulate in local tissues the systemic necrosis (SN) caused by PVX-potyvirus synergistic infections inNicotiana benthamiana. The hypersensitive response (HR)-like response was associated with an enh

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González-Jara, Pablo, Felix A. Atencio, Belén Martínez-García, Daniel Barajas, Francisco Tenllado, and José Ramón Díaz-Ruíz. "A Single Amino Acid Mutation in the Plum pox virus Helper Component-Proteinase Gene Abolishes Both Synergistic and RNA Silencing Suppression Activities." Phytopathology® 95, no. 8 (2005): 894–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-95-0894.

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The effects on symptom expression of single amino acid mutations in the central region of the Plum pox virus (PPV) helper component-proteinase (HC-Pro) gene were analyzed in Nicotiana benthamiana using Potato virus X (PVX) recombinant viruses. PVX recombinant virus expressing the wild-type variant of PPV HC-Pro induced the expected enhancement of PVX pathogenicity, manifested as necrosis and plant death. Recombinant virus expressing a variant of PPV HC-Pro containing a single point mutation ( HCL134H) was unable to induce this synergistic phenotype. The RNA silencing suppressor activity of PPV

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Aguilar, Emmanuel, Lucía Allende, Francisco J. del Toro, Bong-Nam Chung, Tomás Canto, and Francisco Tenllado. "Effects of Elevated CO2 and Temperature on Pathogenicity Determinants and Virulence of Potato virus X/Potyvirus-Associated Synergism." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 28, no. 12 (2015): 1364–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-08-15-0178-r.

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Infections of plants by multiple viruses are common in nature and may result in synergisms in pathologies. Several environmental factors influence plant-virus interactions and act on virulence and host defense responses. Mixed viral infections may be more frequent under environmental conditions associated with global warming. Here, we address how changes in the two main parameters behind global warming, carbon dioxide concentrations ([CO2]) and temperature, may affect virulence of Potato virus X (PVX)/potyvirus-associated synergism compared with single infections in Nicotiana benthamiana. Elev

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Wilson, CR, and RAC Jones. "Resistance to potato leafroll virus infection and accumulation in potato cultivars, and the effects of previous infection with other viruses on expression of resistance." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 44, no. 8 (1993): 1891. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9931891.

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A selection of potato cultivars and breeding lines was evaluated for presence of resistance to infection with potato leafroll virus (PLRV) via viruliferous aphid vectors ( IR) and/or resistance to accumulation of PLRV antigen ( AR) in infected leaf tissue. Cultivars Aracy, Delcora, Omega and Spunta, and breeding lines BR63.15 and B71.240.2 carried both IR and AR , Bismark, Serrana INTA and L/T1 had alone and Delaware had AR alone. The other cultivars tested had neither. Within both the resistant and susceptible classes for AR, the level of PLRV antigen accumulation achieved varied with cultiva

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Fedorkin, O. N., A. G. Solovyev, N. E. Yelina, et al. "Cell-to-cell movement of potato virus X involves distinct functions of the coat protein." Journal of General Virology 82, no. 2 (2001): 449–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-82-2-449.

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Complementation of movement-deficient potato virus X (PVX) coat protein (CP) mutants, namely PVX.CP-Xho lacking the 18 C-terminal amino acid residues and PVX.ΔCP lacking the entire CP gene, was studied by transient co-expression with heterologous proteins. These data demonstrated that the potyvirus CPs and both the major and minor CPs of beet yellows closterovirus could complement cell-to-cell movement of PVX.CP-Xho but not PVX.ΔCP. These data also indicated that the C-terminally truncated PVX CP lacked a movement function which could be provided in trans by the CPs of other filamentous viruse

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Herath, Venura, and Jeanmarie Verchot. "Transcriptional Regulatory Networks Associate with Early Stages of Potato Virus X Infection of Solanum tuberosum." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 6 (2021): 2837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22062837.

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Potato virus X (PVX) belongs to genus Potexvirus. This study characterizes the cellular transcriptome responses to PVX infection in Russet potato at 2 and 3 days post infection (dpi). Among the 1242 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 268 genes were upregulated, and 37 genes were downregulated at 2 dpi while 677 genes were upregulated, and 265 genes were downregulated at 3 dpi. DEGs related to signal transduction, stress response, and redox processes. Key stress related transcription factors were identified. Twenty-five pathogen resistance gene analogs linked to effector triggered immunity

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Bazzini, A. A., S. Asurmendi, H. E. Hopp, and R. N. Beachy. "Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and potato virus X (PVX) coat proteins confer heterologous interference to PVX and TMV infection, respectively." Journal of General Virology 87, no. 4 (2006): 1005–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.81396-0.

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Replication of Potato virus X (PVX) was reduced in transgenic protoplasts that accumulated wild-type coat protein (CPWT) of Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) or a mutant CP, CPT42W, that produced highly ordered states of aggregation, including pseudovirions. This reaction is referred to as heterologous CP-mediated resistance. However, protoplasts expressing a CP mutant that abolished aggregation and did not produce pseudovirions, CPT28W, did not reduce PVX replication. Similarly, in transgenic tobacco plants producing TMV CPWT or CPT42W, there was a delay in local cell-to-cell spread of PVX infection

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Yang, Xue, Yuwen Lu, Fang Wang, et al. "Involvement of the chloroplast gene ferredoxin 1 in multiple responses of Nicotiana benthamiana to Potato virus X infection." Journal of Experimental Botany 71, no. 6 (2019): 2142–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erz565.

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Abstract The chloroplast protein ferredoxin 1 (FD1), with roles in the chloroplast electron transport chain, is known to interact with the coat proteins (CPs) of Tomato mosaic virus and Cucumber mosaic virus. However, our understanding of the roles of FD1 in virus infection remains limited. Here, we report that the Potato virus X (PVX) p25 protein interacts with FD1, whose mRNA and protein levels are reduced by PVX infection or by transient expression of p25. Silencing of FD1 by Tobacco rattle virus-based virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) promoted the local and systemic infection of plants b

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Kamoun, Sophien, Guy Honée, Rob Weide, et al. "The Fungal Gene Avr9 and the Oomycete Gene inf1 Confer Avirulence to Potato Virus X on Tobacco." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 12, no. 5 (1999): 459–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.1999.12.5.459.

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The AVR9 peptide of the fungal pathogen Cladosporium fulvum and the INF1 protein of the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans elicit the hypersensitive response (HR) on Cf9 tomato or Cf-9 transgenic tobacco and on all cultivars of tobacco, respectively. Expression of either the functional Avr9 or inf1 genes from engineered potato virus X (PVX) genomes resulted in localized HR lesions on tobacco plants responsive to the elicitors and inhibited spread of the recombinant virus. In contrast, PVX derivatives producing mutant forms of AVR9 and INF1 with reduced elicitor activity caused systemic n

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Ju, Ho-Jong, James E. Brown, Chang-Ming Ye, and Jeanmarie Verchot-Lubicz. "Mutations in the Central Domain of Potato Virus X TGBp2 Eliminate Granular Vesicles and Virus Cell-to-Cell Trafficking." Journal of Virology 81, no. 4 (2006): 1899–911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02009-06.

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ABSTRACT Most RNA viruses remodel the endomembrane network to promote virus replication, maturation, or egress. Rearrangement of cellular membranes is a crucial component of viral pathogenesis. The PVX TGBp2 protein induces vesicles of the granular type to bud from the endoplasmic reticulum network. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) was fused to the PVX TGBp2 coding sequence and inserted into the viral genome and into pRTL2 plasmids to study protein subcellular targeting in the presence and absence of virus infection. Mutations were introduced into the central domain of TGBp2, which contains a s

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Duarte, Lígia Maria Lembo, Maria Luiza Faria Salatino, Antonio Salatino, Giuseppina Negri, and Maria Mércia Barradas. "Effect of Potato virus X on total phenol and alkaloid contents in Datura stramonium leaves." Summa Phytopathologica 34, no. 1 (2008): 65–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-54052008000100013.

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The present paper reports results of the effect of Potato virus X (PVX) on the contents of total phenols and alkaloids in leaves of Datura stramonium. A significant decrease in the contents of phenols and alkaloids was observed in leaves inoculated with PVX (X-I). However, there was an increase in the percentage of phenols in leaves rubbed with phosphate buffer (C1-I) and in leaves from the nodes immediately above, possibly induced by mechanical injury. Gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy revealed amounts of scopolamine in samples submitted to all treatments, except X-I, in which the amount o

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Sáenz, Pilar, Laurence Quiot, Jean-Bernard Quiot, Thierry Candresse, and Juan Antonio García. "Pathogenicity Determinants in the Complex Virus Population of a Plum pox virus Isolate." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 14, no. 3 (2001): 278–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.2001.14.3.278.

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Several subisolates were separated from a single Plum pox virus (PPV) isolate, PPV-PS. In spite of an extremely high sequence conservation (more than 99.9% similarity), different subisolates differed largely in pathogenicity in herbaceous hosts and infectivity in woody plants. The severity of symptomatology did not seem to correlate with virus accumulation. Sequence analysis and site-directed mutagenesis demonstrated that single amino acid changes in the helper component (HC) protein caused a drastic effect on virus symptoms in herbaceous hosts and notably modified virus infectivity in peach s

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BALOGUN, OLUSEGUN S., LEIXIN XU, TOHRU TERAOKA, and DAIJIRO HOSOKAWA. "Effects of single and double infections with Potato virus X and Tobacco mosaic virus on disease development, plant growth, and virus accumulation in tomato." Fitopatologia Brasileira 27, no. 3 (2002): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-41582002000300001.

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The tomato cv. Fukuju nº. 2 was used for studying the effect of single and double infections with Potato virus X (PVX) and Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). Mixed infection resulted in a synergistic increase of disease severity, where more growth reduction was seen with simultaneous inoculations than with sequential inoculations at four-day intervals. At five and 12 days post-inoculation, the increased severity of the disease coincided with enhancement of virus accumulation in the rapidly expanding upper leaves. The PVX concentration in leaves nº 5 to 7 of doubly infected plants was three to six fol

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Ma, L., X. Huang, R. Yu, et al. "Elevated Ambient Temperature Differentially Affects Virus Resistance in Two Tobacco Species." Phytopathology® 106, no. 1 (2016): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-11-14-0300-r.

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Antiviral defense of plants is usually enhanced by an elevated temperature under natural conditions. In order to better understand this phenomenon, we carried out temperature shift experiments with Nicotiana glutinosa plants that were infected with Potato virus X (PVX) or the necrotic strain of Potato virus Y (PVYN). The virus titer of the plants was found to be much lower when they were maintained at 30°C compared with 22°C, particularly in the upper leaves. PVX resistance at 30°C persisted for a short period even when temperature was shifted back to 22°C. In contrast, N. benthamiana lost the

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Gilbert, Julie, Charles Spillane, Tony A. Kavanagh, and David C. Baulcombe. "Elicitation of Rx-Mediated Resistance to PVX in Potato Does Not Require New RNA Synthesis and May Involve a Latent Hypersensitive Response." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 11, no. 8 (1998): 833–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.1998.11.8.833.

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The Rx gene in potato confers extreme resistance against potato virus X (PVX) that is elicited by the viral coat protein (CP). Using actinomycin D to inhibit transcription of nuclear genes, we have shown that Rx is expressed prior to virus inoculation and that induction of the resistance mechanism does not require novel gene expression or continued transcription of previously expressed genes. We have also shown that transgenic plants could not be produced carrying a CP transgene from an Rx-avirulent PVX in an Rx background. These data indicate that Rx-mediated resistance involves a mechanism t

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Chiunga, E., and J. P. T. Valkonen. "First Report of Five Viruses Infecting Potatoes in Tanzania." Plant Disease 97, no. 9 (2013): 1260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-02-13-0143-pdn.

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Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is an increasingly important food and cash crop in Tanzania (3). Potato production is concentrated in the southern highlands and mainly carried out by smallholder farmers. A certification system for seed potatoes does not exist in the country. Currently, there is little information about viruses infecting potatoes in Tanzania. In October through December 2011, occurrence of the most common, globally distributed potato viruses, Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), Potato virus A (PVA), M (PVM), S (PVS), Y (PVY), and X (PVX) (1), was determined in 219 potato plants in 16

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van der Vlugt, R. A. A., C. C. M. M. Stijger, J. Th J. Verhoeven, and D. E. Lesemann. "First Report of Pepino Mosaic Virus on Tomato." Plant Disease 84, no. 1 (2000): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2000.84.1.103c.

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Early in 1999 a new viral disease occurred in protected tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) crops in the Netherlands. Infected plants showed yellow leaf spots and mosaic. Transmission electron microscopic analysis revealed particles typical of potexviruses. Only three potexviruses have been reported to infect solanaceous crops: Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV), Potato aucuba mosaic virus (PAMV), and Potato virus X (PVX). Inoculation of test plants and serological tests showed that the new virus clearly differed from PAMV and PVX. Immuno-electron microscopy with antiserum to PepMV (1), the original Pep

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Röhring, C. "Induction of Pathogenesis-Related Proteins of Group 1 by Systemic Virus Infections of Nicotiana tabacum L." Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research 18, no. 2 (1998): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0671.

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AbstractThe induction of acid pathogenesis-related proteins (PR-proteins) of group 1 (PR-1) by systemic virus infections of tobacco plants was investigated during a time period between 3 and 19 days after inoculation. Each leaf position was investigated separately. The PR proteins were detected electrophoretically and, in addition, virus protein was detected by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Potato virus X (PVX) and potato virus Y (PVY) were found to highly induce PR proteins in N. tabacum L. “Samsun NN”. The same results were obtained when PVX was investigated in N. tabacum L. “Sa

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Röder, Juliane, Christina Dickmeis, Rainer Fischer, and Ulrich Commandeur. "Systemic Infection of Nicotiana benthamiana with Potato virus X Nanoparticles Presenting a Fluorescent iLOV Polypeptide Fused Directly to the Coat Protein." BioMed Research International 2018 (2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9328671.

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Plant virus-based nanoparticles can be produced in plants on a large scale and are easily modified to introduce new functions, making them suitable for applications such as vaccination and drug delivery, tissue engineering, and in vivo imaging. The latter is often achieved using green fluorescent protein and its derivatives, but the monovalent fluorescent protein iLOV is smaller and more robust. Here, we fused the iLOV polypeptide to the N-terminus of the Potato virus X (PVX) coat protein, directly or via the Foot-and-mouth disease virus 2A sequence, for expression in Nicotiana benthamiana. Di

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Chung, Bong-Nam, Tomas Canto, and Peter Palukaitis. "Stability of recombinant plant viruses containing genes of unrelated plant viruses." Journal of General Virology 88, no. 4 (2007): 1347–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.82477-0.

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The stability of hybrid plant viruses that might arise by recombination in transgenic plants was examined using hybrid viruses derived from the viral expression vectors potato virus X (PVX) and tobacco rattle virus (TRV). The potato virus Y (PVY) NIb and HCPro open reading frames (ORFs) were introduced into PVX to generate PVX-NIb and PVX-HCPro, while the PVY NIb ORF was introduced into a vector derived from TRV RNA2 to generate TRV-NIb. All three viruses were unstable and most of the progeny viruses had lost the inserted sequences between 2 and 4 weeks post-inoculation. There was some variati

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Rashid, Mamun-Or, Ying Wang, and Cheng-Gui Han. "Molecular Detection of Potato Viruses in Bangladesh and Their Phylogenetic Analysis." Plants 9, no. 11 (2020): 1413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9111413.

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Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is a major food source in the whole world including Bangladesh. Viral diseases are the key constraint for sustainable potato production by reducing both quality and quantity. To determine the present status of eight important potato viruses in Bangladesh, tuber samples were collected from three major potato growing regions (Munshiganj, Jessore and Bogra districts) in January–February 2017 and February 2018. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with coat protein (CP)-specific primers were used to amplify CP sequences of the respective viruses, and

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Lico, Chiara, Floriana Capuano, Giovanni Renzone, et al. "Peptide display on Potato virus X: molecular features of the coat protein-fused peptide affecting cell-to-cell and phloem movement of chimeric virus particles." Journal of General Virology 87, no. 10 (2006): 3103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.82097-0.

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The potexvirus Potato virus X (PVX) can be modified genetically to generate chimeric virus particles (CVPs) carrying heterologous peptides fused to coat protein (CP) subunits. A spontaneous PVX mutant expressing a truncated, but functional, form of the CP has been isolated. With the aim of exploiting this virus to display peptides useful for vaccine formulations, two novel viral expression vectors based on pPVX201 (bearing the wild-type PVX genome) were constructed encoding the truncated CP. Both vectors were able to produce infectious virus particles in planta and were used to insert a panel

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