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1
Hrushetskiy, Sergiy, and Vitaliy Yaropud. "MODELING OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF CUTTING POTATO BUILDING WITH A BLADE OF A LEMECH." Vibrations in engineering and technology, no. 3(98) (October 30, 2020): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2306-8744-2020-3-9.
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For Ukraine's successful entry into Western markets, it is necessary to ensure the competitiveness of its own products, which is achieved through comprehensive mechanization of technological processes, reducing labor costs, increasing yields and quality of products. The most common method of mechanized potato harvesting is undermining the tuber layer with its subsequent destruction and separation of tubers from the heap, which contains plant impurities, soil lumps and stones. The most difficult is the separation from the tubers of strong soil lumps and stones. Attempts have been made to overcome this problem by placing potatoes on well-sifted sandy soils, using special agronomic techniques that reduce, to some extent, the number of lumps. However, such measures are local in nature, not reliable enough and significantly complicate the technology. About 25% of the area occupied by potatoes is heavily littered with stones, the size of which is close to the size of tubers, and about 40% of planted potatoes are placed on soils prone to significant lump formation. Accordingly, the aim of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of technologies and machines for harvesting potatoes, to develop a model for cutting a potato heap with a ploughshare blade. The research was carried out by technological and structural analysis of technologies and machines for harvesting potatoes. In the process of research methods of comparison and mathematical modeling of technological processes were used. The information base of the research was the work of Ukrainian and foreign scientists on technologies and machines for potato harvesting. On the basis of the comparative analysis of technologies and machines for potato harvesting the main processes influencing agrotechnical indicators of harvesting equipment are revealed, the model of cutting of a potato heap by a ploughshare blade and other constructive and kinematic parameters of working bodies of a ploughshare blade is developed.
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Hrushetskiy, Sergiy, and Vitaliy Yaropud. "MODELING OF POTATO MILL SEPARATION PROCESSES IN A DRUM SEPARATOR." ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC, no. 2(109) (August 27, 2020): 27–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2020-2-3.
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In order to successfully enter Ukraine into the western markets, it is necessary to ensure the competitiveness of its products, which is achieved through the complex mechanization of technological processes, reduction of labor costs, increase in yield and quality of the products obtained. The most common method of mechanized harvesting of potatoes is the erosion of the tuber layer with its subsequent destruction and the separation of tubers from heap, which contains vegetable impurities, soil tubers and stones. The most difficult is the separation from the tubers of solid soil clumps and stones. Attempts have been made to overcome this problem by placing potatoes on well-sown sandy soils with the help of special agrotechnical techniques that reduce, to some extent, the number of tubers. However, such measures are local, not sufficiently reliable and significantly complicate technology. About 25% of the area occupied by potatoes is heavily clogged with stones, the size of which is close to the size of tubers, and about 40% of the planted potatoes are placed on soils prone to significant lumps. Accordingly, the purpose of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of technologies and machines for potato harvesting, to develop a model of the process of separation of potato pile in a drum separator. The researches were carried out by technological and structural analysis of technologies and machines for potato harvesting. During the research, the methods of comparison and mathematical modeling of technological processes were used. The information base of the research was the works of Ukrainian and foreign scientists on technologies and machines for potato harvesting. On the basis of the comparative analysis of technologies and machines for potato harvesting, the main processes affecting the agrotechnical indices of the harvesting technique have been identified, a model of the process of separation of potato pile in a drum separator has been developed, which includes the following basic processes: model of sifting of a through fraction of soil from the top layer of pile; heap mixing model; model of destruction of soil lumps on the separator; model kinematic analysis of potato pile in a drum separator; model of sifting of the passable soil fraction from the bottom layer of the pile; model of damage to tubers and other structural and kinematic parameters of the working bodies of the drum separator.
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Kryukov, M. L., V. N. Zernov, G. A. Kalinkin, M. V. Ivanov, A. S. Rumyantsev, and L. N. Kynev. "SEED POTATOES HARVESTING AND TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGY." Agricultural machinery and technologies, no. 2 (April 20, 2017): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2073-7599-2017-2-24-30.
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КОЛОШЕИН, Д. В., Н. В. ЦЫГАНОВ, Л. А. МАСЛОВА, and С. Н. КУЛЬКОВ. "ON THE ISSUE OF DAMAGE TO POTATOES DURING HARVESTING AND STORAGE." VESTNIK RIAZANSKOGO GOSUDARSTVENNOGO AGROTEHNOLOGICHESKOGO UNIVERSITETA IM P A KOSTYCHEVA, no. 1(49) (March 30, 2021): 136–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.36508/rsatu.2021.49.1.020.
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Проблема и цель. Целью проводимого исследования является снижение механических повреждений в процессе погрузки, перевозки клубней и закладке картофеля на хранение. Методология. Повреждения клубней влияют на лежкость картофеля при хранении. Для достижения цели исследования были определены в соответствии со стандартами предельно допустимые значения энергии удара и высоты падения клубней. Анализ факторов, влияющих на появление повреждений клубней картофеля, позволил группе авторов предложить классификацию основных факторов. Дальнейший анализ показал, что факторы или причины, влияющие на появление повреждений у клубней картофеля, делятся на несколько основных видов. Биологический фактор возникновения повреждений клубней картофеля, как показывает практика, можно минимизировать за счет районирования сортов картофеля (использование наиболее пригодных сортов картофеля для машинной уборки) и соблюдения технологии уборки урожая. Технический фактор в первую очередь зависит от конструктивных особенностей картофелеуборочной техники. Результаты. Проведенные исследования позволили уточнить причины механических повреждений клубней, получаемых при закладке на хранение картофеля в контейнеры. Были определены также размерно-массовые характеристики сорта картофеля «Гала» Заключение. По итогам проведенных исследований было определено, что при загрузке контейнеров и хранении картофеля, а также с целью снижения повреждений клубней необходимо применять различные типы гасителей ударной нагрузки. Самым простым гасителем будут являться ремни из прорезиненной ткани, с креплением по краям контейнера. Problem and goal. The purpose of the study is to reduce mechanical damage during loading, transportation of tubers and laying potatoes for storage. Methodology. Damage to the tubers afects the shelf life of potatoes during storage. Thus, in order to achieve the goal of the study, the maximum permissible values of the impact energy and the fall height of the tubers were determined in accordance with the standards. For this purpose, a group of authors proposed a classifcation of factors that afect the appearance of damage to potato tubers. The analysis of the factors allowed us to identify the classifcation of the necessary factors that afect the appearance of mechanical damage. Further analysis showed that the factors or causes that afect the appearance of damage in potato tubers are divided into several main types. The biological factor of damage to potato tubers, as practice shows, can be minimized by zoning potato varieties (using the most suitable potato varieties for machine harvesting) and compliance with harvesting technology. The technical factor, as practice shows, primarily depends on the design features of potato harvesting equipment. Results. The conducted research allowed us to clarify the causes of mechanical damage to tubers obtained when storing potatoes in containers. The size and mass characteristics of the potato variety "Gala" were also determined» Conclusion. Based on the results of the conducted studies, it was determined that various types of shock absorbers should be used to load containers and store potatoes, as well as to reduce damage to tubers. The simplest extinguisher will be belts made of rubberized fabric, with fastening at the edges of the container.
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Gasparyan, Irina, Marina Dyikanova, Alexander Levshin, Basil Sudenko, and Olga Ivashova. "Use of irrigation in early potatoes cultivation in the Moscow region." BIO Web of Conferences 17 (2020): 00208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20201700208.
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Early potatoes are mainly used for food. In tubers varieties early term maturation contains less starch, but they differ a good taste. Getting the potato harvest in the early days, when the range of domestic vegetables is not large is very important and can compete with imports. Potatoes have increased requirements for soil moisture. The transpiration coefficient of potatoes varies depending on meteorological factors, agro-technical measures, as well as on the varietal properties of the plant itself. Getting the potato harvest in the early days, when the range of domestic vegetables is not large is very important and can compete with imports. Potatoes increased the requirements for soil moisture. The risk of potato cultivation from uneven rainfall distribution during the growing season and from the difference in years can be reduced by using irrigation. Early potatoes, while ensuring all factors manages to give a good harvest on July 15 at harvest 30 July high yield. The use of irrigation can increase yields by 50.0–55.1 % depending on the term of harvesting tubers.
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DOAN, CRAIG H., and P. MICHAEL DAVIDSON. "Microbiology of Potatoes and Potato Products: A Review." Journal of Food Protection 63, no. 5 (2000): 668–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-63.5.668.
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Many types of spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms exist on fresh, minimally processed, and fully processed potato products. Potatoes are processed into many products including frozen, dried, ready-to-eat, and minimally processed. The microbiological quality of finished potato products is influenced by the natural microflora, processing, handling, and human contact. The natural microflora of potatoes are influenced by soil and airborne inocula, agricultural practices, harvesting methods, and storage conditions. The microflora of processed products are influenced by all of the factors and conditions affecting the natural microflora as well as the processes applied to the product. Increased consumer demand for new and existing potato products highlights the importance of ensuring their microbiological safety. This review considers the sources of microorganisms, microflora, foodborne disease pathogens, and outbreaks associated with, and selected microbiological research involving, potatoes and potato products.
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Misener, G. C., L. P. McMillan, and G. C. C. Tai. "Two-stage plot harvesting system for potatoes." American Potato Journal 73, no. 8 (1996): 337–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02849165.
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Baybulatov, Т. S., B. I. Khamkhoev, К. М. Uzhakhov, and A. Kh Tsechoeva. "Justification of an effective method of potatoes harvesting." E3S Web of Conferences 285 (2021): 07031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128507031.
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It is proved that high-quality potato harvesting is one of the most important technological operations that contributes to improving the safety of tubers during their storage. It is established that the digging working body on the potato harvester has low agrotechnical performance parameters, which directly affect the productivity, quality of harvested tubers, work and resistivity of the harvesting unit. A bar digging working body is proposed, the use of which allows to reduce the volume of soil supplied to elevators, which improves the separation of pile, and the tubers after the passage of the unit are not covered with soil coming off the conveyor. In addition, the rod working body allows the harvesting machine to work within the limits of agrotechnical requirements, eliminating damages and losses of tubers, improving the aggregate composition of the soil, as well as reducing its specific traction resistance and increasing productivity.
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AHVENAINEN, RAIJA T., EERO U. HURME, MARGARETA HÄGG, EIJA H. SKYTTÄ, and EIRA K. LAURILA. "Shelf-Life of Prepeeled Potato Cultivated, Stored, and Processed by Various Methods." Journal of Food Protection 61, no. 5 (1998): 591–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-61.5.591.
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The effects of cultivation conditions, winter storage, peeling method, browning prevention Chemicals replacing sodium bisulfite, and packing methods on the sensory, nutritional and microbiological quality of pre-peeled potato were examined. Two different cultivation lots of the potato variety Van Gogh were used. Cultivation and harvesting conditions and peeling method were the most important facts reducing the sensory quality, especially the appearance, of prepeeled and sliced potatoes. Cooking and baking of potatoes decreased the appearance defects detected in raw potatoes. The levels of vitamin C in packaged samples decreased during winter storage. Cooking for 10 min and keeping potatoes at 60°C for 1 h after cooking also decreased the content of vitamin C. In potato samples immediately after treatments aerobic bacteria were present at levels of 400 to 2,950 CFU/g and lactic acid bacteria at levels of 8 to 16 CFU/g. The number of aerobic bacteria did not increase during storage, and the number of lactic acid bacteria increased at the most to 90 CFU/g. Peeling, washing and packaging methods, cultivation conditions, and winter storage did not have important effects on the number of microbes present.
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Barać, Saša, Aleksandar Đikić, Ivica Mihajlović, Milan Biberdžić, Bojana Milenković та Miroljub Aksić. "Results of Еxploitation Тesting of Potato Diggers Used for Мercantile Potato Harvesting in Conditions of Northern Kosovo and Metohija". АГРОЗНАЊЕ 15, № 2 (2015): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.7251/agrsr1402173b.
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Mercantile potato harvesting is an operation that requires a quality work of potato diggers, because of the possible damage to tubers caused by the working body that can affect the quality and duration of the storage of tubers. For potatoes harvesting, the best effects are expressed by single-row and double-row diggers with a conveyor belt. This paper presents the results of exploitation tests on various potato diggers used for mercantile potato harvesting in the ecological conditions of northern Kosovo and Metohia. The aim of our study was to determine the quality of the work of potato diggers, the power consumption and surface effect. On the basis of these results, it was concluded that the total loss of potato tubers was between 5.01% (565.7 kg ha-1) and 11.50% (1,291.2 kg ha-1) according to the yields in the studied plots. During the testing the digger generated effects ranged from 0.10 ha h-1 up to 0.28 ha h-1, with an average fuel consumption of 12.60 l hа-1 up to 19.20 l hа-1.
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Saqib, G. S., and M. E. Wright. "Vibratory diggers for harvesting sweet potatoes in cloddy soils." Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research 34, no. 1 (1986): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-8634(86)80013-0.
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Vaitkevičienė, Nijolė, Elvyra Jarienė, Jurgita Kulaitienė, et al. "Influence of Agricultural Management Practices on the Soil Properties and Mineral Composition of Potato Tubers with Different Colored Flesh." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (2020): 9103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12219103.
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The objective of the work was to investigate and estimate the effects of conventional, organic, and biodynamic farming systems on biological and agrochemical soil properties and mineral composition of potato tubers with different colored flesh. This study compared the same biological and agrochemical soil quality indicators on samples collected at three sampling times: before potato planting, the middle of the potato season, and before harvesting. In addition, macro- and microelement contents were determined in the tubers. The results showed that the highest soil microbial biomass contents, dehydrogenase activity, and humus contents were found before potato planting in a conventional farming system. However, from potato planting until the end of the growing season, these soil biological indicators significantly decreased in the soil of conventional farming, but significant increases were recorded in organic and biodynamic treatments. The highest contents of all tested nitrogen forms, phosphorus and potassium, were found in the middle of the potato growing season in a conventional farming system. Before harvesting, significant decreases in all studied agrochemical soil quality indicators were observed in all farming systems. The organic and biodynamic potatoes contained significantly more K, P, and Ca than conventional potatoes. In addition, organic samples had significantly higher contents of Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, and B in comparison to the biodynamic and conventional ones. The cultivar effect on the content of selected minerals in the samples was also observed. Red Emmalie contained more K, N, and B. Salad Blue had the highest contents of Fe, Mn, and Zn in comparison to other studied cultivars.
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Babich and Babich. "INTEGRATED POTATO PROTECTION SYSTEM FROM GOLDEN POTATO CYST NEMATODES." THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PARASITIC DISEASE CONTROL, no. 20 (May 14, 2019): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-9902340-8-6.2019.20.51-56.
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An integrated system for protecting potatoes from a golden potato cyst nematode has been developed, adapted for use in agricultural farms of various forms of ownership and includes a number of protective measures: the imposition of quarantine, a differentiated choice of unaffected crops (in collective and farm enterprises: lupine, winter wheat, sugar beet, Vico – oats , corn, barley with clover seed, clover, winter wheat, fodder beet; peas, winter wheat, corn. in individual farms: strawberries, green cultures, table beets, resistant varieties of potatoes, carrots, cabbage, cucumbers, peas, onions, garlic, cabbage. To reduce the level of invasion by the larvae of the initial phases of growth and development of plants to a golden potato cyst nematode, the treatment of tubers with a Kruiser 350 FS bp is recommended. – 0.3 l / t, as well as preparations based on metabolites of soil streptomycetes (Averkom, Averstim), as well as planting tubers in an early-optimal time in order to obtain seedlings of potatoes before the mass release of larvae from cysts. Local selective harvesting of susceptible varieties in the budding-flowering phase of potatoes and destruction of sprouts of unwanted vegetation by manual and mechanical means of tillage are aimed at interrupting the cycle of development of a golden potato cyst nematode and reducing the level of soil population. compliance with environmentally safe and affordable protective measures ensures effective control of the golden potato cyst nematode and the prevention of significant losses of potato yield. The developed protective measures do not require significant investments and are acceptable for implementation in farms of various forms of ownership.
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Garcia, Emerson Loli, Ezequiel Lopes do Carmo, Joaquin Gonçalves de Pádua, Célia Maria Landi Franco, and Magali Leonel. "Potato cultivars as a source of starch in Brazil: physicochemical characteristics of the starches and their correlations." November 2019, no. 13(11):2019 (November 20, 2019): 1786–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.19.13.11.p1567.
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As a source of starch, potato remains unexploited in Brazilian industries, where they typically utilize corn and cassava. Considering the emerging need for using potato as a source of commercial starch, this study evaluated starches extracted from seven cultivars of potatoes with limited commercial usage in Brazil. Potatoes were grown under the same environmental conditions and cultural practices. After harvesting, the potato tubers were processed for the extraction of starch. The proximate composition, amylose content, resistant starch, minerals, as well as pasting and thermal properties of extracted starch samples were analyzed. Starch characteristics varied with the cultivar. Using correlation analysis, we demonstrated that minerals have a robust effect on starch characteristics. Moreover, positive correlations were observed between phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, resistant starch, viscosity peak, breakdown, and gelatinization enthalpy. Calcium had a positive correlation with the amylose content and the percentage of starch retrogradation. Starch samples showed important differences in their physicochemical properties, which are advantageous for industrial applications allowing a larger diversification and incentive to the production of potato for industry in Brazil.
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Dorokhov, A., A. Aksenov, A. Manokhina, and M. Mosyakov. "Results of research on the intensification of the process of cleaning potato tubers by ultrasonic action and their subsequent storage." E3S Web of Conferences 217 (2020): 09008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021709008.
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The data on the gross harvest of tubers in the Russian Federation are given: approximately 71% of potatoes are produced by the population, 17.4% by agricultural enterprises and 11.5% by farms. It is noted that in the industrial production of potatoes, negative impacts on the soil are associated with crushing and removal of the fertile soil layer, which arise in the process of extracting root crops by the digging and separating working bodies of the harvesting machines. It is proposed to use ultrasonic action on root crops for cleaning them from soil impurities. It was determined that in order to intensify the process of cleaning tubers by ultrasonic action during harvesting, it is necessary to provide operating and technological parameters (frequency of ultrasound oscillations f1 = 48 kHz, vibration intensity S = 42 W/cm², exposure time t = 90 s) of ultrasonic equipment, which will ensure the completeness purification is not less than 84.7%.The results of comparative studies on the intensification of the cleaning of potato tubers allow us to conclude that, regardless of the mass and type of pollution, the greatest positive effect of ultrasonic exposure is observed when processing tubers, the completeness of cleaning of which is on average 13-20% higher.
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Gadzhiyev, P. I., G. G. Ramazanova, and A. I. Alekseev. "Improving the efficiency of tilling the soil for combine harvesting potatoes." Sel'skohozjajstvennaja tehnika: obsluzhivanie i remont (Agricultural Machinery: Service and Repair), no. 5 (May 1, 2020): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-10-2005-08.
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The article deals with the problem of reducing the content of clods in the soil, in order to prepare it for combine harvesting potatoes. To do this, we proposed a soil-tilling rotary plow with a serrated knife shape. Tillage machines with active working bodies provide high quality tillage before planting, creating the conditions for the efficient cultivation of potatoes. The article also presents the results of a study of the influence of the cutter knife length, the milling drum rotation speed and the number of knives on the amount of the soil crumbling. The research program is presented, as well as the levels and intervals of factors variation are presented. Based on the research results, the regression equation was obtained and analyzed, which reflects in a coded form the influence of significant factors on the degree of soil crumbling. Theoretical background was verified by fi eld studies of the proposed rotary plow with a serrated knife profi le on the fi elds of Belaya Dacha Farming LLC, Tambov District, Tambov Region. Testing of a soil-tilling rotary plow with a serrated profi le of knives was carried out during the soil loosening after harvesting barley. Soil moisture content was 17.3–20.9 %, hardness was 0.8–1.8 MPa, soil density was 0.9–1.0 g/cm3 . The average height of plant and crop residues was 20 cm. From the results of the agrotechnical appraisal, it is clear that when processing the depth of 11.6 cm, the quality of crumbling was satisfactory, the density of the cultivation layer was 1.10 g/cm3 , which meets the agrotechnical requirements for the maturation of potatoes. Weed plants are pruned completely. The height of the ridges was 1.54–1.62 cm. In heavy soils, the combines began to work easier, the heap became clean from clods and damage to tubers was reduced. When combineharvesting potatoes, their productivity in the prepared area by rotatilling increased by almost 25 %. The amount of soil impurities in the hopper decreases by 35–40 %.
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Derevyagina, Marina Konstantinovna, Svetlana Viktorovna Vasilyeva, Grigory Leonidovich Belov, Vladimir Nikolaevich Zeyruk, and Irina Igorevna Novikova. "The effectiveness of a new biological product Spud on the basis of Bacillus subtilis in the cultivation of potatoes." Agrarian Scientific Journal, no. 5 (May 28, 2019): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2019i5pp8-14.
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It is shown the efficiency of the application of preparative forms (dry and liquid) of Kartofin during the growing season 2016-2018 years against major diseases of potatoes and the impact on the growth and development of culture. Biopreparation possesses high fungistatic effect, protecting potato plants against rhizoctonia disease, potato blight and late blight under field conditions and tubers of the new crop from dry rot. In years of low and moderate disease development, the effectiveness of the studied Potato biopreparation on the Sante variety was at the level of the reference chemical variant, equally reducing the distribution and degree of disease development. In the years of epiphytotic disease development fungistatic effect of the biopreparation was inferior in efficiency to chemical fungicides, but had a significant protective effect compared to the control, reducing the distribution of rhizoctonia disease by 22.5%, potato blightby 20.7%, late blight by 12.8% on average. The results of tuberous analyses after harvesting showed a decrease in the percentage of tuber damage by dry rot in variants with Kartofin (1.7 and 1.4%). The yield of the standard potatoes after application of Kartofin was slightly higher than in the control – by 5.1–7.7%.
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Merga, Bulti, and Nigussie Dechassa. "Growth and Productivity of Different Potato Cultivars." Journal of Agricultural Science 11, no. 3 (2019): 528. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n3p528.
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During the experimental years of 2017 and 2018 eight potato cultivars were evaluated for their growth traits and productivity in tuber yield. The potato cultivars used in these experimental seasons were; Bubu (as a standard check), Chiro, Gebisa, Belete, Gudene, Badasa Jarso and Dedafa. The first six consecutive potatoes are improved cultivars which were released by Ethiopian research institute and University while the last two potatoes were collected from farmers and cultivated as local (native) cultivars. The objective of this study was to compare the growth and productivity potato cultivars grown at eastern regions of Ethiopia. The results revealed that performance of improved potato cultivars were high in both evaluated yield related traits and average tuber yield. The performances of evaluated potatoes were not similar among cultivars and within cultivar throughout experimental seasons. The experimental design was a randomized block design in three replications. The field management; seed tuber selection, land preparation, planting, fertilizer application method and amount, ridging, weeding, cultivation, harvesting, data collection method and collected data analysis has been carried out for all potato cultivars in similar manner. Potato tubers from four middle rows were analyzed for parameters such as tuber yield, tuber number, marketable and total tuber yield. The highest tuber yield was revealed with cultivar Bubu (39.4 t ha-1) while the lowest with Jarso (20.89 t ha-1). The highest tuber number was showed with cultivar Badasa (12.73 plant-1) and the lowest with Belete (7 plant-1). Hence, there were no correlation between average tuber yield and number.
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Spang, Edward, and Bret Stevens. "Estimating the Blue Water Footprint of In-Field Crop Losses: A Case Study of U.S. Potato Cultivation." Sustainability 10, no. 8 (2018): 2854. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082854.
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Given the high proportion of water consumption for agriculture, as well as the relatively common occurrence of crop losses in the field, we estimate the amount of water embedded in crops left on the farm. We are particularly interested in understanding losses associated with fruits and vegetables, having a higher level of harvesting selectivity and perishability (and thus, losses) than grain crops. We further refined the study to focus on potatoes, as they represent the largest acreage under cultivation of all fruit and vegetable crops in the U.S. We attempt to get the most complete understanding of pre-harvest and harvest loss data for potatoes by leveraging three centralized data sets collected and managed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). By integrating these three distinct data sets for the five-year period 2012–2016, we are able to estimate water consumption for potato cultivation for total in-field losses by production stage and driver of loss for seven major potato-producing states (representing 77% of total U.S. potato production). Our results suggest that 3.6%–17.9% of potatoes are lost in the field with a total estimated blue water footprint of approximately 84.6 million cubic meters. We also find that the leading driver for crop loss for in-field potato production is harvest sorting and grading, accounting for 84% of total lost production at the farm. We conclude with a discussion of opportunities for improved national level data collection to provide a better understanding of in-field crop losses over time and the resource footprints of these losses.
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Smirnov, Petr, Nikolay Pushkarenko, Mihail Smirnov, and Evgeniy Alekseev. "SUBSTANTIATION AND RESULTS OF PRACTICAL RESEARCHES OF THE PLOUGH FOR DIGGING POTATOES IN WET WEATHER CONDITIONS." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 14, no. 4 (2020): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2073-0462-2020-75-80.
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In Central Russia, wet conditions for potato harvesting occur on average once every 5 ... 6 years. The task is practically not feasible for small-scale agricultural production - peasant farming (peasant farms) and smallholding, because of they are limited both in power plants (tractors) and in potato-harvesting equipment. Therefore, it is proposed to dig up potatoes with a very common three-unit plow, followed by picking in a mechanized way. For the turnover of the tuberous layer, a trellised conical blade is proposed. A graphic analysis of the turnover of the reservoir with the determination of the secretive zones of loss of tubers was carried out, an analytical calculation with the task of stabilizing the course of the plow on the potato ridge, since, compared with field plowing, the plow body plank is placed in the furrow and the soil reaction to it is not sufficiently implemented. Formulas for calculating the area of the field board are given. For calculations, the average hardness of the soil of the ridge and furrow of the potato plantings was determined experimentally with an absolute soil moisture of 31%. According to the calculations, enlarged field boards were made and installed deeper than the body stroke. Field boards with an increased area of 1.5 ... 1.6 times stabilized the plow. The changes made to the frame, the support wheel and the trailed (mounted) plow system are also shown.
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Foster, R. E., and W. G. Buhler. "Control of Insects on Potatoes, 1995." Arthropod Management Tests 21, no. 1 (1996): 139–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/amt/21.1.139.
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Abstract Seed pieces were planted 15 May at the Pinney Purdue Research Farm, Wanatah, Indiana. Plots consisted of single rows, 30 ft long, 5 ft apart, arranged in a RCB with four replications. Insecticides were applied with a CO2powered backpack sprayer using hollow cone nozzle tips and delivering 16.3 gal water/acre at 30 psi. All Admire 2F treatments were applied in the furrow at planting. Foliar sprays were applied 28 Jun, 12 and 31 Jul. CPB were counted on ten plants per plot on 27 Jun, 5, 17 Jul and 7 Aug. PLH adults were monitored with a sweep net. Results are presented as the average number of CPB per 10 plants or average number of PLH adults per 20 sweeps. Yields were measured by harvesting all marketable tubers from each plot on 30 Aug.
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Самаркин, Алексей, Aleksey Samarkin, Георгий Мефодьев, and Georgiy Mefod'ev. "DYNAMICS OF POTATO NUTRIENTS DEPENDING ON THE SEEDING DEPTH OF TUBERS AND ESTIMATED NORMS OF FERTILIZERS." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 14, no. 2 (2019): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5d3e15eb288894.67509000.
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The article discusses the impact of tuber planting density and fertilizer design norms on the dynamics of potato nutrients in the southeastern part of Volga-Vyatka zone. The density of planting tubers and the calculated norms of fertilizers have a direct impact on the dynamics of the nutritional elements of the potato content and removal of mineral nutrition elements by the potato plants on the leached chernozem of the south-eastern part of Volga-Vyatka zone. The accumulation of elements of mineral nutrition is also significantly influenced by the weather conditions formed during the growing season of potato plants. Potatoes are demanding on soil fertility. With a good harvest, it consumes and alienates a large amount of nutrients from the soil. With an increase in the density of planting tubers and the calculated norms of fertilizers, respectively, the removal of mineral nutrients also increases. Studies have shown that the highest nitrogen content in the soil was observed during the beginning of the growing season of potato plants - at the time of emergence. The maximum concentration of phosphorus reached in the phase of budding and flowering of potatoes. During the growing season of potato plants, the content of exchangeable potassium increases and reaches a maximum value in the budding phase. After flowering, the indicator of potassium in the soil began to decline and at the time of harvesting reached a minimum value.
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Kalimullin, Marat, Rinat Abdrakhmanov, Dinar Ismagilov, and Il'dar Valiev. "TO DETERMINING THE PARAMETERS AFFECTING THE FLEXIBLE WORKING ELEMENT OF HAULM CHOPPER." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 14, no. 4 (2020): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2073-0462-2020-54-58.
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Potato in the Russian Federation takes the second place after grain in its economic importance. In the public sector, potatoes are cultivated on farms, personal and subsidiary plots. In connection with the transition to market relations, the area for planting potatoes has sharply decreased, and as a result, the production of potato harvesting equipment. Therefore, the question arose of the further creation and production of the simplest potato harvesting equipment and the improvement of their new working units. Pre-harvest removal chopping tops occupies an important place in the technology of potato cultivation. The easiest way to remove the tops is mechanical. During operation, it was noted that rotary machines have a number of disadvantages caused by the imperfection of the rotor design, its kinematic regimes, insufficient balance and reliability. In order to eliminate these shortcomings, a rotary topper with a vertical axis of rotation was designed and manufactured. To justify the design and operational parameters, theoretical studies of the process of interaction of the working element of the chopper with the tops of root crops were carried out, as a result of which the main patterns characterizing the working element were identified. In particular, a dependence was obtained that allows one to determine the shape of the line of the working element, which takes into account both the design parameters and the operating modes of the developed haulm chopper. Due to the action of gravity and air resistance during rotation, the working element cannot be a straight rod, that is, the farther the point of the working element from the center of rotation, the more it will lag behind the intended straight line. The deviation value will be in direct proportion to the transverse size of the working element and inversely to the linear density of its material. The coefficient of air resistance is determined experimentally, due to the influence on its value of both the shape and structure of the surface of the working element, as well as humidity and air temperature.
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Abbasov, G. I. "Research of technological process of harvesting and post-harvest processing of potatoes." Agrarian Science 329, no. 6 (2019): 33–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2019-329-6-33-35.
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Sharkar, M., JU Ahmed, MA Hoque, and M. Mohi-Ud-Din. "Influence of Harvesting Date on Chemical Maturity for Processing Quality of Potatoes." Annals of Bangladesh Agriculture 23, no. 2 (2019): 89–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/aba.v23i2.50058.
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The present study was conducted to find out a suitable harvesting date of processing potato varieties (Asterix, Courage and Lady Rosetta) from three different harvest dates [80, 90, and 100 days after planting (DAP) harvest] by chemical maturity monitoring. Eighty DAP harvest resulted the lowest mean total soluble sugar (TSS) (3.77 mg/g FW), reducing sugar (RS) (1.57 mg/g FW), sucrose (2.40 mg g-1 FW), fructose (0.77 mg/g FW) and polyphenol (238.94 μg/g FW) contents in all the varieties and at the same DAP harvest, dry matter (DM) content (21.71%) and chip color index (CCI) (0.67) remained at the lowest. Tubers harvested at 80 DAP produced good quality and acceptable colored processed products as it meets up the required processing quality, but lesser DM content might increase the cost of the product. Optimum DM content (24.07%) with moderate level of different sugar contents and acceptable CCI (1.13 to 1.85, <2.00) was found at 90 DAP harvest. Therefore, 90 DAP harvest could be considered as suitable harvesting date for processing by compromising some quality parameters (TSS, RS, sucrose, fructose and polyphenol contents). Among the varieties, Lady Rosetta and Courage were preferable for producing quality potato products. Highly significant and positive correlation existed between CCI and different chemical parameters. A strong correlation coefficient (r = 0.822**) and good fit (R2 = 0.6755) of the regression equation (CCI = 0.9341RS – 0.4969) between CCI and RS indicated that RS content played the vital role in the browning of the processed potato products.
Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2019) 23(2) : 89-103
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Deng, Weigang, Chunguang Wang, and Shengshi Xie. "Collision simulation of potato on rod separator." International Journal of Food Engineering 17, no. 6 (2020): 435–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijfe-2020-0233.
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Abstract To obtain the collision characteristics of potatoes colliding with steel rods of different parameters, the finite element analysis (FEA) method was used to study the impact contact stress, collision displacement, acceleration and impact force. The results showed that with increasing rod diameter, the maximum collision displacement of the potato in the Y direction decreased, and the maximum collision acceleration and impact peak force increased. With increasing rod tilt angle and rod spacing, the maximum collision displacement increased linearly, but the maximum collision acceleration and impact peak force decreased linearly. Within the range of analysis factors, the fluctuation of the maximum collision displacement, acceleration and impact peak force caused by the change in rod diameters were the smallest, which were 0.34 mm, 38 m/s2 and 9 N, respectively. When potatoes collided with single and double rods, all the collision characteristics increased with the increase in potato drop height, and the results for double rods were significantly smaller than those for single rod collision. When the potato mass was 250 g, the drop height was 200 mm for single rod collision or 250 mm for double rod collision, the impact contact stress reached the yield stress, and the potato was damaged. This article provides a data basis and a referenced method for the optimized design of the structural parameters and working parameters of the rod separator in the process of potato mechanized harvesting.
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Stuber, Martin, and Matthias Bürgi. "Agrarische Waldnutzungen in der Schweiz 1800–1950. Nadel- und Laubstreue | Agricultural use of forests in Switzerland 1800–1950. Needles and leaves for litter harvesting." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 153, no. 10 (2002): 397–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2002.0397.
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Forest litter harvesting is among the most important agricultural uses of forests. This by-product of the forest was traditionally used in the stables, where it was mixed with dung to produce fertiliser, so the intensity of harvesting was directly linked to the demand for forest litter and the availability of alternative material (e.g., straw, sedge, reed). In the late 19th century, the modernisation of agriculture and the globalization of the grain market caused a shortage of straw in the lowland areas of Switzerland, which led to a sharp increase in demand. In the mountainous regions of Switzerland, forest litter had been equally indispensable, even before 1800, due to the introduction of potatoes and the ensuing decline in crop cultivation. Improved and cheaper means of straw transport put an end to the period of intensive forest litter harvesting, around 1900 in the lowland areas and in the 1960s in mountainous regions. However, the effects on forests as an ecosystem have outlived the actual practice of litter harvesting. Interpreting these effects in the context of nature conservation raises the question of whether a local re-introduction of forest litter harvesting might be desirable. Experiments will help to answer this question.
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Dusza, Magdalena, Maciej Sporysz, Dorota Sokołowska, and Katarzyna Grotkiewicz. "Impact of Post-Harvest Processing and Storing of Potato Tubers on Toxic Compounds Accumulation." Agricultural Engineering 24, no. 2 (2020): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/agriceng-2020-0015.
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AbstractDespite a long-term reduction trend, the potato production in Poland compared to EU countries is still very high. Therefore, the aim of the paper was to investigate the impact of mechanical damages and light for various genotypes on glycoalkaloids accumulation. Glycoalkaloids are toxic steroid glycosides that naturally occur in the family of Solanaceae. According to many authors, their presence in plants is related to resistance to a physiological stress inflicted by mechanical damages and infections caused by some microorganisms and insects. The TGA content above 200 mg∙kg−1 in a fresh mass of potatoes is an upper limit that guarantees health safety of food. Studies were carried out on 28 potato cultivars divided into 4 groups. The studies that were carried out after harvesting and after 5 months of storage in the experimental storage room in the temperature of 8°C showed an impact of damages and exposition to light of potato tubers on the content of glycoalkaloids.
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Sharkar, M., JU Ahmed, SF Ahmed, SMZ Al Meraj, and M. Mohi Ud Din. "Effect of harvesting dates on the yield and tuber quality of processing potatoes." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 44, no. 1 (2019): 179–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v44i1.40940.
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An experiment was conducted to study the effect of harvesting dates and variety on the yield and processing quality of potato tuber. Three processing potato varieties (BARI Alu-25, Asterix; BARI Alu-28, Lady Rosetta and BARI Alu-29, Courage) were used as test crops and they were harvested at different days after planting [80, 90, and 100 days after planting (DAP)]. The three processing potato varieties showed higher tuber yield of Grade A (9.12 t ha-1) and B (13.64 t ha-1). The highest tuber yield (Grade A+B) [29.62 t ha-1] and total tuber yield (35.97 t ha-1) was found in Courage at 90 and 100 DAP harvest, respectively. The variety Lady Rosetta attained the highest percent of processable tuber yield (86.8% of the total tuber yield), the maximum dry matter content (26.37%), specific gravity (1.102) at 90 DAP harvest and this variety also contained the highest mean starch content (111.75 mg g-1 FW) followed by Courage (111.17 mg g-1 FW) and Asterix (103.95 mg g-1 FW). Optimum dry matter content (24.07%), specific gravity (1.091), starch content (110.15 mg g-1 FW), processable tuber yield (26.62 t ha-1) and total tuber yield (32.76 t ha-1) was found at 90 DAP harvest and therefore, it could be mentioned as suitable harvesting date for processing purposes. Among the varieties, Lady Rosetta and Courage were found preferable potato varieties that could be used for processing of potato products.
Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(1): 179-193, March 2019
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Abiodun, Durojaye Hammed, and Owoeye Tolulope Abisola. "Evaluation of stored potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) for soft rot bacteria in Ibadan, Nigeria." Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology 2, no. 1 (2021): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.11594/jaab.02.01.07.
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Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a tuberous crop from the Sola-naceae family which is a source of starch and food to many in Nige-ria, however, its production is being hampered in field and storage by bacterial pathogen which causes rot of the stored tubers. To this end, the study aimed at screening potatoes from different stores within Ibadan for the evaluation and diversity of bacteria pathogens responsible for rot in potatoes. Damaged stored potato samples were collected from different locations in Ibadan for studies, these samples were isolated for bacterial pathogen and characterized bio-chemically and observed under the microscope for identification. Three genera of bacteria were observed to be responsible for potato rot in the study and they include Pectobacterium carotovorum, Pseu-domonas syringae and Ralstonia solanacearum. Of all the isolated bacteria, Pectobacterium carotovorum has the highest occurrence with a frequency of 60%, while Pseudomonas syringae has a fre-quency of 33% and Ralstonia solanacearum has a frequency of 27%. The pathogenicity of the isolates were tested and this revealed that Pectobacterium carotovorum is the most virulent with a severity score of 4.3, while Ralstonia solanacearum follows with a score of 3.3 and a score of 2.7 was recorded for Pseudomonas syringae, while the control had a score of 0. The diversity and differences shown in the isolated bacteria indicated that potato rot is a serious disease which is caused by different bacteria and need an integrated ap-proach for its control from the field of harvesting to the storage house.
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Kravchuk, N. N., R. B. Kropyvnytskyi, S. V. Zhuravel, T. V. Klymenko, and O. I. Trembitska. "Soil-protective technologies as an important component of agricultural biologization in the conditions of the Central Polissia of Ukraine." E3S Web of Conferences 254 (2021): 05012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125405012.
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In article the comparison of traditional moldboard tillage and soil-protective efficiency of agrotechnologies is given in light gray forest soil. For more objective assessment indicators of soil fertility were defined in sowing of grain and a row crops. It is established that long (27 years) use of technologies which are based on moldboardless tillage in a crop rotation even on options without fertilization provided increase in maintenance of the general humus (mainly at the expense of fraction of the detritus), improvement of some agrophysical and water–physical indicators. Thus, the coefficient of structure degree increased by 16.4%, the water resistance of units increased by 7.8-8.1%, soil hardness decreased by 9.1-9.4 kg/cm2, but soil density did not change significantly. The reserve of productive moisture in a layer of 0-30 cm at the time of crops of a winter wheat was 7.0 mm higher, and before harvesting – by 4.4 mm in comparison to an indicator on plowing. Before planting of potatoes the increase made 6.1 mm, and before harvesting – 3.4 mm in comparison to control. The productivity of cultures did not concede observations at moldboardless tillage to plowing in recent years. However, the air-dry mass of weeds increased significantly in crops of wheat (by 20.9%), and potatoes (by 26.4%).
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Israilides, Cleanthes, and Varzakas Theodoros. "Strategies to Reduce the Formation of Acrylamide in Potato Chips: A Market and Consumer’s Prospective." Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal 3, no. 1 (2015): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/crnfsj.3.1.03.
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Acrylamide, a toxic compound and possible carcinogen is formed in high heated starchy foods like potatoes through the process of the Maillard reaction in which reducing sugars and the amino acid asparagine play a major role. Various strategies which are described in this paper have been employed to reduce the formation of acrylamide in potato chips. Among these tuber genetics, harvesting time, storage conditions frying temperatures and time, soaking and use of various additives seem to be effective tools for the industry as well as for consumer food preparation. The results of various studies will help the industry to adopt practical effective and innovative ways to reduce the levels of acrylamide even further and calm the markets from demanding to provide warning labels and the manufactures to pay penalties and higher costs
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Mikheev, V. V., V. I. Eremchenko, V. K. Pyshkin, and P. A. Eremin. "MECHANIZATION OF HARVESTING OF JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE." Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science 48, no. 3 (2018): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2018-3-9.
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The main mechanization harvesting problems of Jerusalem artichoke tubers are revealed. The results of laboratory and fi eld studies of the conditions for the growth and separation of Jerusalem artichoke tubers from stems during harvesting are given. The average depth of occurrence of rhizomes in the soil is 190-210 mm, their average mass is 6.09 kg. The degree of separation of tubers from the rhizome with a single dynamic effect (falling from the height of 1.5 m) accounts for 26.01%; the average effort to tear tubers from the bush or stolons is 4.40 ... 12.42 ± 0.1 N. The complete removal of tubers from the rhizome is achieved by fi xing the stems and rhizomes in a stationary condition. The above efforts to tear the tubers were applied in the direction of both tearing them off and turning them at an angle of 90 ... 180 °. Effective mechanical and technological methods of separation of Jerusalem artichoke tubers from rhizome and stems are identifi ed. They consist of the combined effect of dynamic forces of the impact type, equivalent to a fall from the height of not less than 1.5 m, rotational at an angle 90 ... 180 ° and the tearing off effects on tubers of at least 12.42 N on the rhizome, tubers and stolons. The composition, arrangement, schemes and interaction of the harvesting machine working parts for autumn harvesting of Jerusalem artichoke are established. Innovative schemes and composition of the working parts of a harvesting machine for harvesting Jerusalem artichoke, based on an adapter to serial harvesting machines for potatoes, are proposed. Working parts of the harvesting machine include a pulling and supporting-conveying device as well as separating devices located above the separating elevator of the harvesting machine. The technology of operation of the working parts by the elements of the harvesting machine design is described.
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Sibirev, Alexei, Alexandr Aksenov, Alexei Dorokhov, and Andrei Ponomarev. "Comparative study of the force action of harvester work tools on potato tubers." Research in Agricultural Engineering 65, No. 3 (2019): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/96/2018-rae.
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The quality of the separation of root crops, onions and potatoes is known to primarily depend on the cultivation conditions. As a rule, these cultures are cultivated in mechanically light soils in order to improve the quality of separation, as well as to reduce the traction resistance of the harvester when extracting the root crops from the soil. When harvesting the root crops, it is very important to maintain the soil in a loose (light) state to improve the quality of the separation. Due to the fact that in digging up the root crops, there is a joint flow of strong soil lumps to the separating working bodies, which are difficult to separate on the slit working bodies of the harvester, which increases damage to the root crops when interacting with the soil lumps, the commercial quality of the products is subsequently deteriorated. The existing potato harvesters damage the commercial products as a result of the interaction of the potato tubers with each other, with the working bodies and with the soil lumps. However, the greatest percentage of damage to potato tubers occurs as a result of their interaction with the working bodies of the harvester. Field studies were conducted to determine the places of the greatest impact of the individual working bodies of the potato harvesters and to carry out subsequent actions for the elimination of these negative impacts in the design of the harvesters. This article presents a methodology for conducting field studies on the assessment of the impact of the working bodies on the scale of damage to potato tubers when harvesting. The results of the comparative studies of the impact of the working bodies of modern potato harvesters, which damage the potato tubers as a result of the interaction with them are presented. We have determined that the greatest scale of impact on the potato tubers during the mechanised harvesting is observed as the transition from the main elevator to the secondary separation devices takes place, irrespective of the design and technological scheme of the harvester, and reaches its minimum value from 6.5 N for the Bolko harvester to 21 N for the AVR-Spirit-6200 harvester.
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Katundu, Mangani, Sheryl Hendriks, John Bower, and Muthulisi Siwela. "Can sequential harvesting help small holder organic farmers meet consumer expectations for organic potatoes?" Food Quality and Preference 21, no. 4 (2010): 379–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodqual.2009.09.003.
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Abazov, Aniuar, Khaset Abidov, Sultan Basiev, and Khusein Nazranov. "Breeding of early ripening potato varieties under the conditions of the Kabardino-Balkarian foothill zone." E3S Web of Conferences 262 (2021): 01034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126201034.
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Evolution and thousands of years of artificial selection have contributed to the formation of the widest variety of cultivated potatoes. Thanks to this, more than 4 thousand varieties of potatoes have been created in the world today. All of them are known to differ not only in habit, but also in the level of yield, ripening period, resistance degree to numerous diseases and pests, plasticity to certain climatic and soil conditions. The results of research and evaluation of 4 thousand hybrids of the 1st tuber generation (single-tuberous plants) of joint breeding of the Institute of Agriculture ISKh KBNTs RAN and FSBSI (Federal state budgetary scientific institution) “Federal Research Center (FRC) of Potato name after A.G. Lorkh” that passed the full scheme of breeding tests, 9 promising cross-breed populations with economically useful traits were identified: consistently high yield and resistance to a complex of viral, bacterial and fungal diseases. The selected cross-breeds are distinguished by early and medium early ripening periods with a growing season of 55-70 days and a maximum yield of 38.6-66.2 ton/ha, depending on the prevailing weather conditions during the growing season of potato plants in 2019-2020. The genotypes obtained are involved in the implementation of the federal scientific and technical program for the development of potato growing for 2017-2030. The main goal of the program is to create new varieties of early ripeness group of potatoes. The co-executors of this program are a number of research institutes of the Russian Federation, including the Institute of Agriculture ISKh KBNTs RAN. [1] As a result of many years of investigation, the promising cross-breed 2652-15 that emerged from breeding of the Malinovka variety with the backcross 93.20-12 under the name Zamir was transferred in 2020 for the State test of the Russian Federation in the North Caucasian region. Medium early variety for table use and mashed potatoes processing. Potential yield is 49.5 ton/ha. Tubers of an attractive rounded oval shape with shallow eyes weighing 85.5-108.4 g with a yellow color of the tuber and creamy flesh. The tubers are resistant to mechanical damage during combine harvesting, storability is good. Medium resistant to late blight in tops and highly resistant to tubers. Relatively resistant to rhizoctonia and common scab, banded and wrinkled mosaic of leaves.
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Гаспарян, И. Н., А. Г. Левшин, И. Г. Голубев, С. В. Щиголев, and Ш. В. Гаспарян. "Technologies and machines for the production of potatoes." Kartofel` i ovoshi, no. 9 (September 7, 2021): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.25630/pav.2021.65.12.001.
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В статье проанализирован мировой рынок с.-х. техники, ее особенности совершенствования за счет усложнения конструкций и активного внедрения технологий точного земледелия. Рассмотрены вопросы изменения российского парка сельхозмашин, который продолжительное время идет на спад по всем основным видам техники. Число тракторов в российском парке сократилось на 18,4%, комбайнов на 16,2%, в том числе картофелеуборочных машин. Сокращение имеющейся в отечественном парке сельхозтехники закономерно снижает обеспеченность сельхозмашинами в пересчете на 1000 га пахотной площади. Более детально рассмотрены применяемые механизированные технологии возделывания картофеля в РФ и необходимая для этого специальная техника, так как при выборе технологии необходимо учитывать всю систему машин от посадки до уборки. Дана характеристика основных распространенных в России механизированных технологий возделывания картофеля: традиционной, голландской, грядово-ленточной, гриммовской, гребневой. Представлена информация по технологическим процессам посадки и уборки, на которые приходится значительная часть эксплуатационных и трудовых затрат. Для реализации этих технологических процессов требуется использовать специальную технику, которая сильно разнится по производительности и особенностям применения в различных климатических условиях и объемах производства. В качестве примера использования комплекса такой техники охарактеризована система производства в крупнотоварном хозяйстве, ЗАО «Озеры» (Московская область). Потребность в технике для картофелеводства остается высокой и необходимо развивать отечественное машиностроение с учетом мировых достижений в этой области. The article analyzes the world market of agricultural machinery, its features of improvement due to the complication of designs and the active introduction of precision farming technologies. The issues of changing the Russian fleet of agricultural machinery are considered, which has been declining for a long time in all major types of equipment. The number of tractors in the Russian fleet decreased by 18.4%, combines by 16.2%, including potato harvesters. The reduction of agricultural machinery available in the domestic fleet naturally reduces the availability of agricultural machinery in terms of 1000 ha of arable land. The mechanized technologies of potato cultivation in the Russian Federation and the special equipment required for this are considered in more detail, since when choosing a technology, it is necessary to take into account the entire system of machines from planting to harvesting. The characteristics of the main mechanized technologies of potato cultivation common in Russia is given: traditional, Dutch, ridge-ribbon, Grimme, comb technologies. Information is provided on the technological processes of planting and harvesting, which account for a significant part of the operating and labor costs. To implement these technological processes, it is required to use special equipment, which varies greatly in performance and application characteristics in various climatic conditions and production volumes. As an example of the use of a complex of such equipment, the production system in a large-scale farm, CJSC Ozery (Moscow region), is described. The need for equipment for potato growing remains high and it is necessary to develop domestic mechanical engineering, taking into account the world achievements in this area.
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Johnson, Dennis A., Mel Martin, and Thomas F. Cummings. "Effect of Chemical Defoliation, Irrigation Water, and Distance From the Pivot on Late Blight Tuber Rot in Center-Pivot Irrigated Potatoes in the Columbia Basin." Plant Disease 87, no. 8 (2003): 977–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2003.87.8.977.
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Chemical desiccation of potato foliage 2 to 3 weeks prior to harvesting tubers is commonly recommended to reduce late blight tuber rot. Observations in commercial fields indicate that this practice may not be needed to manage tuber rot in the semiarid environment of the Columbia Basin. Potatoes in this region are mostly grown under center pivot irrigation, and a relatively high volume of irrigation water is often delivered near the pivot in center-pivot irrigated fields. This study evaluated the effect of chemical desiccation of potato foliage on late blight tuber rot and quantified the incidence of late blight tuber rot in relation to distance from the pivot and the amount of irrigation water applied in center-pivot irrigated fields. Potato foliage was chemically desiccated or not desiccated within 41 to 76 m of the pivot of center-pivot irrigated potato fields 2 to 3 weeks before harvest in replicated plots in five field trials during 3 years. Incidence of late blight tuber rot did not differ significantly between the defoliated and nondefoliated plots in all five trials. Incidence of tuber rot significantly increased as amount of irrigation water applied increased, and was significantly greater within 30 m of the center pivot than at greater distances in two trials in 1998 and two trials in 1999. Tuber rot did not develop in a fifth trial in 2000 where a water gradient did not occur among the plots. The largest percentage of tubers infected with late blight was observed within 30 days of harvest at a storage temperature of 9°C. Chemical desiccation of potato foliage in the semiarid environment of the Columbia Basin was not beneficial in reducing late blight tuber rot, but growing potatoes within 30 m of the pivot will likely increase the number of infected tubers going into storage.
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Камалетдинов, Рим, Rim Kamaletdinov, Салават Мударисов, and Salavat Mudarisov. "ENTROPY METHODS FOR ASSESSING THE QUALITY AND STABILITY OF TECHNOLOGICAL OPERATIONS OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 13, no. 3 (2018): 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5bcf57ae841405.54552818.
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The article substantiates the methodology for evaluating the technological operations of agricultural machines, based on entropy indicators of quality and stability. The variants of its definition, based on graphical constructions and analytical calculations, are considered. The stability factors of individual operations in the cultivation and harvesting of potatoes are given. The compliance of the levels of agrotechnical requirements with the quality of performance of individual operations has been evaluated The operations, that require further improvement of technologies and technical means for their implementation, are identified.
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BUTOV, A. V., and T. V. ZUBKOVA. "SYSTEM OF PROTECTION FOR POTATO FROM PESTS AND DISEASES TO GET ECOLOGICALLY CLEAN PRODUCTS." Periódico Tchê Química 17, no. 35 (2020): 1186–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v17.n35.2020.97_butov_pgs_1186_1195.pdf.
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Potatoes comprise a strategically important food crop in the Russian Federation. Enhanced chemicalization of potato production, while protecting it from pests and diseases, allows you to get high yields, but at the same time significantly affects the biological quality of products. The retail chain often receives lots of tubers with excess nitrates, while containing the so-called "long-playing" pesticides. Getting into the human body with products, toxic substances cause severe diseases. There is an acute problem of providing children with environmentally friendly products. This research developed an important task of neutralizing the accumulation of toxic insecticides and fungicides in tubers by the beginning of harvesting when cultivating medium-early varieties of potatoes. This was achieved when using the insecticide Celest TOP (Thiamethoxam, hazard class 2) in reduced by 25% norms, in combination with the use of biological preparations Siliplant or Albit and reduced by 40% norms of fungicides. The protection system included for tubers: Celestine 0.3 L/ha + Albite TPS 0.1 L/t. For tops: Ridomil gold MC VDG 1.5 kg/ha first, second and third treatments. Shirlan SK 0.24 L/ha 4-5-th treatment + Albit TPS 2 times for vegetation 0.05 L/ ha or Siliplant BP 2 times for vegetation 1.0 L/ha. Laboratory analyses revealed residual amounts of pesticides and nitrates in tubers. The resulting products, with the plant protection system developed by us, meet the requirements for children's and dietary nutrition. The inversion voltammetric method was used to determine the concentration of pesticides in tubers. Nitrates were determined using an ion-selective electrode. It is established that Prestige (Imidacloprid, hazard class 1) is impractical to use in producing ecologically clean potatoes. Using Celest (Thiamethoxam, hazard class 2) in combination with Albit or Siliplant increased the yield and reduced the content of toxic substances in tubers.
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Mulder, A., L. J. Turkensteen, and A. Bouman. "Perspectives of green-crop-harvesting to control soil-borne and storage diseases of seed potatoes." Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology 98, S2 (1992): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01974477.
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Wei, ZhongCai, HongWen Li, ChuanZhu Sun, Guoliang Su, WenZheng Liu, and Xueqiang Li. "Experiments and Analysis of a Conveying Device for Soil Separation and Clod-Crushing for a Potato Harvester." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 35, no. 6 (2019): 987–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aea.13283.
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Abstract. Bruising and damage losses are the most important key factors restricting the potato harvesting mechanization. The experimental work was conducted on an in-house conveying device for soil separation and clod-crushing testbed, which could be used to set a constant potato-soil proportion. In this work, a preliminary study was carried out to clarify the soil cushioning the potatoes travelling on separation sieve at different separation stages. Impact characteristics and movement processes were also studied. An impact recording device and high-speed camera technology were employed to obtain the instantaneous dynamics of the potato-soil mixture. The peak acceleration does not exceed 28.20 g when the potato-soil proportion increases from 18.07% to 38.55%; the peak acceleration reached 105.33 g when the potato-soil proportion was 100%. The number of impacts and peak impact acceleration are positively correlated with the vibration intensity of shaking rubber wheel under the condition of the same potato-soil proportion. It is noteworthy that the influence of the potato-soil proportion on the number of impacts and the peak impact acceleration was more obvious than that of the running speed of the separation sieve. This work provides a technical reference for the further investigation of bruising minimization and potato-soil separation technology. Keywords: Impact recording, Motion characteristics, Potato, Potato-soil proportion, Potato-soil separation.
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Hrushetskiy, Sergiy, Vitaliy Yaropud, and Ihor Babyn. "RESEARCH ON THE QUALITY OF SEPARATION OF THE POTATO MILLER WITH BRIDGE WORKING AUTHORITIES OF THE POTATO MACHINE." Vibrations in engineering and technology, no. 1(96) (August 27, 2020): 125–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2306-8744-2020-1-14.
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From a brief analytical review of the works devoted to the research of the digging working bodies of potato harvesting machines, it can be seen that by the present time considerable theoretical and experimental material has been accumulated, which reveals the regularities of the processes of interaction of working bodies of different structures with the bulbous mass. However, to date, it has not been possible to create a sufficiently efficient, reliable, low-energy device that satisfies all the agrotechnical requirements of a potato harvester and the problem of developing such a device still remains relevant. Considering the urgency of the issues related to the development of the bribery working bodies in the creation of reliable high-performance potato harvesting machines of relatively low energy intensity, in this work the aim is to systematize and generalize the research on modern technologies for growing and harvesting potatoes and to create a new construction of the bribery working potato took together with the tubers a minimum amount of soil and provided the possibility of better crushing of the formation to facilitate separation when increasing the ex plutational productivity, technological reliability of the undermining working body and reducing its traction resistance. According to the results of the researches, a new combined excavator working body was developed, which contains passive brazing blades and detachable discs with soil hooks and provides work at high speeds. The use of new dredging working bodies will increase the purity of the heap ladder by 30.8% compared to the baseline. It is proved that the installation in the excavation part of the discs with soil hooks on the side surface allows to significantly improve the crumb formation in comparison with the basic variant. As a result of the comparative tests of experimental potato diggers equipped with the developed excavating part, with the use of its final rigging. It is established that the use of detachable disc elements in the undercut part significantly reduces the traction resistance of the experimental undercut working body in comparison with the basic variant of their work, improves the cover of the bourbon layer and allows to increase the purity of the pile ladder. Investigation of wear of the developed gear discs during the research period has shown that in the absence of a manufacturing defect, the life of the disks will be equal to the life of the potato harvester.
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Novak, VJ, GD Mann, and GN Schrodter. "Effects of age at harvest and irrigation near maturity on the incidence of internal brown fleck in potato tubers." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 26, no. 1 (1986): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9860129.
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No brown fleck was observed in autumn-planted potatoes. The disorder developed every year in spring-planted crops, but only after the tubers matured and were left unharvested under hot conditions. With- holding irrigation in the few weeks prior to harvest reduced the incidence of brown fleck. Harvesting at maturity and 1 and 2 weeks after maturity resulted in 0, 15.3 and 26.7%, respectively, of the tubers being affected when the plots were irrigated until 2 weeks prior to harvest. When irrigation was discontinued 6 weeks before harvest, only 0, 3.8 and 4.4%, respectively, of tubers were affected in the same harvest treatments.
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Wilcockson, S. J., E. J. Allen, R. K. Scott, and D. C. E. Wurr. "Effects of crop husbandry and growing conditions on storage losses of Pentland Crown potatoes." Journal of Agricultural Science 105, no. 2 (1985): 413–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600056471.
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SUMMARYOver five growing seasons (1976–80) experiments were carried out using at least three contrasting sites per season to study the relationship between growing conditions and storage losses in Pentland Crown potatoes. Crops were harvested by hand and storage was carried out in a single environment over a period of 6–7 months without sprout suppressants. The range in growing conditions was great and reflected in the pattern of leaf growth and range in yields of the stored crops (30–90 t/ha). Crops from Tenby (S. W. Wales) produced the most consistent and frequently the highest yields and usually lost the least weight during storage. Although the range in total weight loss over all experiments was large from 5·4 to 16·3%, treatment effects were much smaller than in field growth and yield. Delaying the date of harvest usually increased weight loss and tubers harvested in early August stored at least as well as late-harvested tubers. Tubers harvested without prior defoliation stored as well as tubers harvested on the same day from crops defoliated at least 2 weeks previously. Lengthening the interval from defoliation to harvest usually increased weight loss in storage. Although the tubers were hand harvested effects on saleability were found at the end of storage and there was no evidence that earlier harvesting, which may involve some loss of field yield, would result in any loss of saleable yield out of store.The results provided no evidence to support the widely-held view that the suitability of a tuber for harvesting improves during maturation associated with natural or imposed crop senescence. It is therefore suggested that the use of the term maturity be avoided as it is wholly unhelpful in studies of the relationship between field growth and storage losses in potatoes.
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БЕЗНОСЮК, Р. В., Д. В. ЕВТЕХОВ, С. Н. Борычев, М. Ю. КОСТЕНКО, and Г. К. РЕМБАЛОВИЧ. "INCREASED EFFICIENCY FOR CLEANING THE HEAVES IN POTATO HARVESTING MACHINES." VESTNIK RIAZANSKOGO GOSUDARSTVENNOGO AGROTEHNOLOGICHESKOGO UNIVERSITETA IM P A KOSTYCHEVA, no. 4(48) (December 29, 2020): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.36508/rsatu.2020.48.4.011.
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Проблема и цель. При уборке картофеля от клубней отделяется значительное количество почвы. Просеивающие сепараторы недостаточно эффективны на суглинистых почвах при повышенной или пониженной влажности, что приводит к снижению агротехнических и эксплуатационных показателей уборочной техники. Это вызывает возрастание нагрузки на органы выносной сепарации, в частности, на пальчиковые горки. Цель исследований – повышение эффективности работы по очистке вороха в картофелеуборочных машинах. Методология. Предварительно отсепарированный картофельный ворох, попадая на пальчиковую горку, должен находиться в постоянном движении, чтобы обеспечивать отделение клубней картофеля от примесей. Колебания пальчатого транспортера горки позволяют интенсифицировать процесс разделения компонентов картофельного вороха и увеличить площадь сепарации. Почвенные комки, камни и растительные примеси благодаря колебаниям застревают между пальцами транспортера, а округлые клубни картофеля приобретают дополнительную подвижность. Настройка колебаний пальчиковой горки производится исходя из условий уборки и типа почвы путем регулирования частоты вращения кулачкового блока и высоты его установки. Рассмотрено взаимодействие кулачка встряхивающего механизма с пальчатым полотном горки. Скорость колебаний полотна горки зависит от радиуса кулачка и угловой скорости. Результаты. Анализ показал, что ускорение подбрасывания полотна в значительной степени зависит от угловой скорости кулачка. Установлено, что при угле наклона пальчиковой горки 12°-35° величина ускорений для скатывания клубней по горке составляет ay = 9,59-8,0 м/с², что соответствует угловой скорости кулачка встряхивающего механизма 13,8-12,7 рад/с или частоте вращения 132,2-121,3 об/мин. Заключение. Применение кулачкового встряхивающего механизма позволяет повысить качество работы пальчиковой горки и обеспечить возможность регулировки частоты и амплитуды при изменении почвенно-климатических условий Problem and purpose. When harvesting potatoes, a signifcant amount of soil is separated from tubers. Screening separators are not efective enough on loamy soils with high or low humidity, which leads to a decrease in the agrotechnical and operational indicators of harvesting equipment This causes an increase in the load on external separation organs, in particular, on hedgehog slides. Methodology. The pre-separated potato heap, falling on the hedgehog, must be in constant motion to ensure the separation of potato tubers from impurities. Oscillations of the roller slide conveyor make it possible to intensify the process of separating the components of the potato heap and to increase the separation area. Soil lumps, stones and plant impurities get stuck between the conveyor fngers due to vibrations, and rounded potato tubers acquire additional mobility. The vibration of the hedgehog slide is adjusted based on the harvesting conditions and soil type by adjusting the rotational speed of the cam block and the height of its installation. The interaction of the pin of the shaking mechanism with the fnger-like blade of the slide is considered. The oscillation speed of the roller bed depends on the radius of the pin and the angular velocity. Results. Analysis has shown that the acceleration of the belt throw depends largely on the angular velocity of the pin. It was found that at an angle of inclination of the hedgehog slide of 12° - 35°, the magnitude of the accelerations for rolling tubers down the hill is ay = 9.59 – 8.0 m/s2, which corresponds to the angular velocity of the shaking mechanism pin 13.8 – 12.7 rad/s or a speed of 132.2 – 121.3 rpm. Conclusion. The use of a pin shaking mechanism improves the quality of the hedgehog slide and provides the ability to adjust the frequency and amplitude when soil and climatic conditions change.
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Yang, Wenzhu, Yan Jiao, Mingde Yang, et al. "Minimizing Soil Nitrogen Leaching by Changing Furrow Irrigation into Sprinkler Fertigation in Potato Fields in the Northwestern China Plain." Water 12, no. 8 (2020): 2229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12082229.
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Irrigation water is limiting for crop production in arid areas and application rates of fertilizers often exceed crop requirements, resulting in high accumulation of nitrate nitrogen (NO3−-N) in the soil. Management practices play a significant role in the leaching of NO3−-N. This experiment compares the effects of traditional furrow irrigation and sprinkler fertigation on the soil NO3−-N concentration trend throughout the cropping season in potato fields in China. Two irrigation systems that were fertilized, namely by furrow (NF-FI) and sprinkler fertigation (NF-SI), and two controlling without any fertilizer (C-FI and C-SI) were tested in the same experimental site for three consecutive years. Both the NF-FI soils and NF-SI soils with three replications and fertilizer applications of 273 kg N ha−1 exhibited a different trend of NO3−-N accumulation at different depths of soil profile. However, the magnitude of NO3−-N accumulation was low in the NF-SI soil profile. In NF-SI treatments, higher NO3−-N was observed at 20–40 cm soil layer. In the NF-FI, the concentration of the highest nitrate was observed at the 40–120 cm soil layer. The concentrations of NO3−-N in the fertilized soil were higher than those of the control soil for each irrigation system. Residual levels of NO3−-N in the soil depth of 40–120 cm from NF-FI were 1.54, 3.45 and 5.28 times higher than NF-SI after harvesting potatoes from 2015 to 2017. In NF-FI treatments, apparent nitrogen loss was 234.7, 237.5 and 276.7 kg ha−1 after harvesting potatoes in 2015, 2016 and 2017. Meanwhile, apparent nitrogen loss from NF-SI treatments was only 161.9, 132.1 and 148.9 kg ha−1, which was 31.0%, 44.4% and 46.2% lower than that of NF-FI in 2015, 2016 and 2017, respectively. The risk of NO3−-N leaching below the root zone from NF-FI was higher than that from NF-SI. It has been demonstrated that sprinkler fertigation can also be used as a tool for mitigating NO3−-N accumulation and apparent nitrogen loss.
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Gadzhiev, P. I., M. S. Shikalov, G. G. Ramazanova, and A. I. Alekseev. "The Study of Soil Crumbling During its Preplant Preparation for the Subsequent Combine Harvesting of Potatoes." Machinery and Equipment for Rural Area, no. 4 (April 23, 2019): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33267/2072-9642-2019-4-20-23.
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Luchkova, Inna Vasilevna, Dmitry Vladimirovich Koloshein, Sergey Nikolaevich Kulkov, and Nikolay Viktorovich Tsyganov. "INFLUENCE OF INDIVIDUAL ELEMENTS OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF HARVESTING AND STORING POTATOES ON ITS PRESERVATION." Polythematic Online Scientific Journal of Kuban State Agrarian University, no. 169 (2021): 110–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21515/1990-4665-169-010.
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ЕВТЕХОВ, Д. В., Р. В. БЕЗНОСЮК, С. Т. КОДИРОВ, Г. К. РЕМБАЛОВИЧ, and Н. С. ЖБАНОВ. "STUDY OF PERFORMANCE INDICATORS OF POTATO HARVESTING MACHINES WITH MODERNIZED WORKING BODIES." VESTNIK RIAZANSKOGO GOSUDARSTVENNOGO AGROTEHNOLOGICHESKOGO UNIVERSITETA IM P A KOSTYCHEVA, no. 1(49) (March 30, 2021): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.36508/rsatu.2021.49.1.017.
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Проблема и цель. В процессе уборки картофеля меняются почвенно-климатические условия, урожайность, свойства убираемых клубней и поэтому уборочный комплекс должен гибко реагировать на эти изменения. Это предполагает не только своевременную настройку рабочих органов, но и более широкие возможности современных картофелеуборочных машин. Цель – совершенствование картофелеуборочных машин на основе применения полимерных и композиционных материалов. Методология. Появление в бункере комбайна клубней с повреждениями, ушибами (потемнение мякоти) свидетельствует о значительных динамических нагрузках рабочих органов. Предлагаемый сепарирующий элеватор имеет гибкие композиционные прутки, которые взаимодействуют с обрезиненными роликами-интенсификаторами и при движении образуют волнообразную, постоянно меняющуюся поверхность. При поступлении картофельного вороха гибкие композиционные прутки прогибаются, причем чем больше масса поступающего картофельного вороха, тем больше величина прогиба прутков. При изменении почвенно-климатических условий значительная нагрузка приходится на органы выносной сепарации, поэтому увеличение производительности и снижение повреждений клубней является важной задачей. Для повышения эффективности работы продольной прямоточной пальчиковой горки был предложен многокулачковый встряхиватель с регулируемой частотой и амплитудой воздействия. Благодаря колебательным воздействиям полотна пальчиковой горки картофель приобретает дополнительную подвижность, что позволяет более полно использовать различия физико-механических свойств клубней и примесей. Результаты. Применение сепарирующего элеватора с композиционными прутками увеличило сепарирующую способность картофелекопателя на суглинке нормальной влажности (22 %) и снизило повреждения клубней на 2,6 %. Сравнительные показатели качества работы комбайна Grimme DR-1500, оборудованного модернизированной горкой с многокулачковым всряхивателем и серийного комбайна Grimme DR-1500 соответственно составили: полнота уборки – 97,3 % и 95,8 %; полнота выделения примесей – 94,1% и 86,8 %; процент повреждений клубней –2,47 % и 3,15 %. Заключение. Увеличение интенсивности сепарации на рабочих органах из композиционных и полимерных материалов позволяет увеличить производительность картофелеуборочных машин. Problem and purpose. In the process of harvesting potatoes, the soil and climatic conditions change, the yield properties of the harvested tubers, and therefore the harvesting complex must respond fexibly to these changes. This presupposes not only the timely adjustment of the working bodies, but also the wider possibilities of modern potato harvesters. The goal is to improve potato harvesters based on the use of polymer and composite materials. Methodology. The appearance of tubers with injuries in the bunker of the combine with bruises (darkening of the pulp) indicates signifcant dynamic loads of the working organs. The proposed separating elevator has fexible composite rods, which interact with rubberized intensifer rollers and, when moving, form a wavy, constantly changing surface. When the potato heap arrives, the fexible composite rods bend, and the greater the mass of the heap, the greater the defection. With a change in soil and climatic conditions, a signifcant load falls on the external separation organs, therefore, increasing productivity and reducing damage to tubers is an important task. To increase the efciency of the longitudinal direct-fow hedgehog slide, a multi-cam shaker with an adjustable frequency and amplitude of action was proposed. Owing to the vibrational efects of the hedgehog slider, the potato acquires additional mobility, which allows more full use of the diferences in the physical and mechanical properties of tubers and impurities. Results. The use of a separating elevator with composite rods increased the separating capacity of a potato digger on loam of normal moisture content (22%) and reduced damage to tubers by 2.6%. Comparative performance indicators of the Grimme DR-1500 combine equipped with a modernized slide with a multi-cam shaker and the Grimme DR-1500 serial combine, respectively, were: completeness of cleaning –97.3% and 95.8%; completeness of separation of impurities – 94.1% and 86.8%; percentage of damage to tubers –2.47% and 3.15%. Conclusion. An increase in the intensity of separation on working bodies made of composite and polymer materials allows increasing the productivity of potato harvesters.