To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Potential hazardousness.
Journal articles on the topic 'Potential hazardousness'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 19 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Potential hazardousness.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Emmer, A., and V. Vilímek. "New method for assessing the potential hazardousness of glacial lakes in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 11, no. 2 (February 26, 2014): 2391–439. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-11-2391-2014.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. This paper presents a new and easily repeatable objective method for assessing the potential hazardousness of glacial lakes within the Peruvian region of Cordillera Blanca (excluding ice-dammed lakes, which do not reach significant volumes in this region). The presented method was designed to meet four basic principles, which we considered as being crucial. These are: (a) principle of regional focus; (b) principle of objectivity; (c) principle of repeatability; and (d) principle of multiple results. Potential hazardousness is assessed based on a combination of decision trees for clarity and numerical calculation for objectivity. A total of seventeen assessed characteristics are used, of which seven have yet to be used in this context before. Also, several ratios and calculations are defined for the first time. We assume that it is not relevant to represent the overall potential hazardousness of a particular lake by one result (number), thus the potential hazardousness is described in the presented method by five separate results (representing five different glacial lake outburst flood scenarios). These are potentials for: (a) dam overtopping resulting from a dynamic slope movement into the lake; (b) dam overtopping following the flood wave originating in a lake situated upstream; (c) dam failure resulting from a dynamic slope movement into the lake; (d) dam failure following the flood wave originating in a lake situated upstream; and (e) dam failure following a heavy earthquake. All of these potentials theoretically range from 0 to 1. The presented method was verified on the basis of assessing the pre-flood conditions of seven lakes which have produced ten glacial lake outburst floods in the past and ten lakes which have not. A comparison of these results showed that the presented method successfully identifies the potentially hazardous lakes.
2
Wogalter, Michael S., David R. Desaulniers, and John W. Brelsford. "Consumer Products: How are the Hazards Perceived?" Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 31, no. 5 (September 1987): 615–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128703100530.
Full textAbstract:
Two questionnaire studies were conducted examining potential components of perceptions of consumer product hazardousness. In Study 1 subjects rated 72 consumer products on perceived hazardousness, expected severity of injuries, and perceived likelihood of injury. The results indicate that severity relates more strongly than injury likelihood with perceived hazardousness. Several product knowledge variables were also examined; these results indicate that technological complexity and confidence in knowing the product's hazards add unique variance beyond severity in the prediction of hazard perception. In Study 2 subjects generated accident scenarios for each of 18 consumer products. Subjects rated each scenario according to the severity of the accident and the probability of its occurrence and also provided ratings of overall product hazardousness. Results supported the findings of Study 1. The severity of product injury scenarios were strongly and positively correlated with hazardousness. Probability of injury ratings added negligible hazard predictiveness beyond severity. Product hazardousness was highly correlated with the level of precaution subjects would reportedly take when using the product. For high hazard products the first scenario generated was most severe compared to the other two scenarios. For low hazard products, the first scenario was most probable and the least severe of the scenarios generated. Practical and theoretical implications of the results are discussed.
3
Meingast, Melissa. "Increasing Attention and Retention of Warnings: Effects of Container Hazardousness, Warning Quality, and Severity of Injury." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 45, no. 20 (October 2001): 1482–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120104502009.
Full textAbstract:
The influence of warning quality, container hazardousness, and severity of the potential injury on attention to and retention of warning information were examined. Warning quality and container hazardousness were manipulated as within subjects variables, severity of injury as a between subjects variable. Two levels of each variable were used, high and low. Participants viewed the 4 possible combinations of warning quality and container hazardousness and then responded to various questions concerning their perceptions and retention of warning information. The results demonstrated the importance of warning quality. Enhanced features such as pictorials, signal words, safety icons, and color increase warning salience and recollection of warning information. The results also indicate that the hazardousness of containers influences whether people read warning labels and subsequent reports of cautious intent. However, its influence is modified by both severity of injury and warning quality.
4
Chy-Dejoras, Evangeline A. "Effects of an Aversive Vicarious Experience and Modelling on Perceived Risk and Self-Protective Behavior." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 36, no. 8 (October 1992): 603–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/107118192786751015.
Full textAbstract:
A 2 × 3 between-subjects design was used to determine the effects of modelling and aversiveness of a vicarious experience on perceived risk and self-protective behavior. Modelling and aversiveness of experience were manipulated using an instructional videotape. Unprotected model and protected model conditions were compared. Benign, slightly aversive, and highly aversive conditions were compared. The dependent variables were self-protective behavior and perceptions regarding the hazardousness of the product, severity of injury, likelihood of injury, likelihood of an accident, and familiarity with the product. More subjects in the protected model group exhibited self-protective behavior compared to the control group. There was no difference in levels of perceived risk between the two groups. Aversiveness had an effect on self-protective behavior. The slightly aversive group showed an incidence of self-protective behavior significantly greater than that of the control group and the highly aversive group. Examination of the nature of manipulation used in the slightly aversive condition suggests that an ambiguous portrayal of the consequences of a hazard while implying its potential to inflict harm causes people to behave cautiously. The incidence of self-protective behavior in the highly aversive group did not differ significantly from that of the control group despite a significant difference in perceived levels of hazardousness. This is explained as a manifestation of the so-called “self-protective attribution of responsibility.” Perceived hazardousness was found to be the primary predictor of self-protective behavior. Perceived severity and likelihood of injury were found to be the primary predictors of perceived hazardousness. A strong association was found between self-protective behavior and perceived personal susceptibility to injury.
5
Braun, Curt C., Raymond E. C. Pickett, and Dylan D. Whitney. "Scaling the Severity of Potential Injuries and Illnesses." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 45, no. 20 (October 2001): 1511–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120104502015.
Full textAbstract:
Warning researchers have established a relationship between the explicitness of warnings and perceptions of product hazardousness and precautionary behavior. Earlier work demonstrated that two warning qualities, injury severity and length of injury, contributed to hazard perceptions. To understand further the hazard conveying qualities of warnings, it is necessary to scale potential injuries and illnesses that might result from product use. Fifty-eight different injuries and illnesses were paired with three different modifiers, mild, moderate, and severe. Severity ratings were obtained from 25 participants using a free-modulus magnitude estimation technique. The resulting ratings were then scaled to produce a continuum of illnesses and injury conditions.
6
Vasudev, Akshya, and Richard Harrison. "Prescribing safely in elderly psychiatric wards: survey of possible drug interactions." Psychiatric Bulletin 32, no. 11 (November 2008): 417–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.bp.107.019141.
Full textAbstract:
Aims and MethodA cross-sectional survey of patient drug prescriptions on two elderly psychiatric wards was carried out to estimate the potential of drug–drug interactions. Two standardised databases, British National Formulary (BNF; British Medical Association & Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, 2007) and Upto Date (www.uptodate.com/), were employed.ResultsA majority (96%) of drug prescriptions in our study could potentially cause drug–drug interactions. Most patients were on multiple drugs (on average eight drugs per patient). There was poor concordance between the two databases: BNF picked up fewer cases of potential drug–drug interactions than Upto Date (43 v. 152 instances) and they also estimated the potential for hazardousness differently.Clinical ImplicationsPolypharmacy is common in elderly psychiatric patients and this increases the possibility of a drug–drug interaction. Estimating the risk of interactions depends on a sound knowledge in therapeutics and/or referring to a standardised source of information. the results of this study question the concordance of two well-referenced databases.
7
Zonta Neto, Alvaro João, Mariana Gomes Oliveira, Everton Skoronski, and Maurício Vicente Alves. "Characterization and evaluation of potential impacts in the environment of residual fiber from cellulose." Revista Eletrônica em Gestão, Educação e Tecnologia Ambiental 23 (June 27, 2019): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2236117038529.
Full textAbstract:
The search for alternative final destinations for residue from industrial processes is a growing problem. Pulp and paper industries generate large amounts of residue, which are not always reused or do not receive adequate final destination. An alternative is its reuse, using the final disposal of the residue in the soil, for its potential to inactivate part of the chemical compounds, allowing its use as agricultural inputs of low cost. The purpose of this study was to analyze the final residue of the treatment plant of a pulp and paper industry using the kraft pulping method, which allows a high resistance and low lignin cellulose pulp with the advantage of recovering the chemicals used, reducing costs. In order to pre-evaluate this disposal possibility, this study carried out the classification of the waste classifying the hazardousness of the cellulose fiber, and its behavior under solubilization and leaching tests. The results of the analysis showed that the reactivity characteristics and solubilization of substances in water above the maximum permissible value (MPV), characterizing the residue as non-inert and Hazardous Class I due to the presence of S2- releasing H2S in concentrations above than those established by the regulations.
8
Young, Stephen L. "Subject Differences in the Perception of Risk." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 40, no. 16 (October 1996): 805–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129604001602.
Full textAbstract:
Previous studies dealing with perceived risk have made the implicit assumption that all subjects view the product in roughly the same way. Since the risk literature suggests that different person-types exist (e.g., risk-takers, risk-avoiders, etc.), it seems as if subject characteristics would affect the way that people perceive products and their risks. The goal of the present study is to examine subject differences in perceived risk by (1) parsing subject into meaningful groups, and (2) examining the extent to which these groups access different information about products when evaluating the risks. Using cluster analysis, subjects were assigned to one of three groups. These groups differed from one another in terms of how they viewed the products as a whole. Group 1 perceived all products, in general, to be hazardous—they were labeled Fearful. Group 2 perceived the product as non-hazardous, while having a very low degree of personal knowledge of the risks or familiarity with the products—they were labeled Fearless. Group 3 perceived the products, as a whole, to be non-hazardous, but they had a high degree of personal knowledge of the risks and familiarity with the products—they were labeled Informed. These three groupings of subjects differed in the types of information they accessed when evaluating the products. Group 1 (Fearful) attended to information about the hazards, making fine distinctions between levels of hazardousness for different products. Group 2 (Fearless) and Group 3 (Informed) did not make such distinctions with regard to hazardousness. Rather, they perceived most products to be about the same, unless there was the potential for catastrophic consequences. In general, this study demonstrated that people could be assigned to meaningful and homogeneous groups, whose perception of products (and product risks) was determined, to some extent, by person-traits.
9
Hernandez, Michael W. "A Multiple Natural Hazards Assessment Model Based on Geomorphic Terrain Units." International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research 5, no. 1 (January 2014): 16–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijagr.2014010102.
Full textAbstract:
A Multiple Natural Hazards Assessment (MNHA) procedural model was developed to provide stakeholders (e.g., community planners and decision makers) with a clear methodology that examines the landscape as a probabilistic-based composite measure of the natural hazards at a terrain mapping unit scale. The model consists of four phases: (1) data collection; (2) individual natural hazard assessment (INHA); (3) Geomorphic Terrain Unit (GTU) development; and (4) composite MNHA classification. The model was tested in a case study across southern Davis County, Utah. Six hazards were integrated within a GIS model, producing a nonweighted probabilistic-based multi-hazard classification across GTUs. Examination of the results by stakeholders showed great potential for the model. During the evaluation workshop, stakeholders concurred that normalizing the class values using a simple frequency-based scale makes it easier to discern the differences in composite hazardousness across the community. The model is easily expanded to include objective or subjective weighting factors.
10
Huber, Amelie. "Hydropower in the Himalayan Hazardscape: Strategic Ignorance and the Production of Unequal Risk." Water 11, no. 3 (February 26, 2019): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11030414.
Full textAbstract:
Rapidly expanding hydropower development in areas prone to geological and hydro-climatic hazards poses multiple environmental and technological risks. Yet, so far these have received scant attention in hydropower planning processes, and even in the campaigns of most citizen initiatives contesting these dams. Based on qualitative empirical research in Northeast India, this paper explores the reasons why dam safety and hazard potential are often marginal topics in hydropower governance and its contestation. Using a political ecology framework analyzing the production of unequal risks, I argue that a blind-eye to environmental risks facilitates the appropriation of economic benefits by powerful interest groups, while increasing the hazardousness of hydropower infrastructure, accelerating processes of social marginalization. More specifically, this paper brings into analytical focus the role of strategic ignorance and manufactured uncertainty in the production of risk, and explores the challenges and opportunities such knowledge politics create for public resistance against hazardous technologies. I posit that influencing the production of knowledge about risk can create a fertile terrain for contesting hazardous hydropower projects, and for promoting alternative popular conceptions of risk. These findings contribute to an emerging body of research about the implications of hydropower expansionism in the Himalayan hazardscape.
11
Santos, Elci de Souza, Karla Magna dos Santos Gonçalves, and Marcos Paulo Gomes Mol. "Healthcare waste management in a Brazilian university public hospital." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 37, no. 3 (December 19, 2018): 278–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x18815949.
Full textAbstract:
Some healthcare waste presents hazardousness characteristics and requires specific procedures to ensure the safety management. Waste segregation is an important action to control the risks of each type of waste. Healthcare waste indicators also may improve the waste management system. The aim of this article was to evaluate the healthcare waste management in a Brazilian university hospital, as well as the waste indicators, quantifying and qualifying the waste generation. Weighing of wastes occurred by sampling occurred sampling of seven consecutive days or daily, between 2011 and 2017. General wastes represent more than 55.6% of the total generated, followed by infectious, sharps and chemicals wastes, respectively, 39.1%, 2.9% and 2.4%. The generation rate in 2017 was 4.09 kg bed−1 day−1, including all types of wastes. Non-dangerous wastes represented around 93.3%, including infectious wastes with low potential risks, while dangerous was represented by high infectious risk (1.4%), chemicals (2.4%) and sharps (2.9%). Healthcare waste indicators may favour the risk identification and improve the waste management system, in particular when involving hazardous wastes. Failures in healthcare waste segregation could represent, in addition to the health risks, unnecessary expenses.
12
Ancione, Giuseppa, Nicola Paltrinieri, and Maria Francesca Milazzo. "Integrating Real-Time Monitoring Data in Risk Assessment for Crane Related Offshore Operations." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 7 (July 18, 2020): 532. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8070532.
Full textAbstract:
The oil and gas sector is one of the most dangerous and stringent workplaces, due to the hazardousness of materials involved as well as the critical tasks that workers have to perform. Cranes are widely used in this sector for several activities. A wrong load lifting or handling often is due to a limited visibility of working area and could bring to severe accidental scenarios, for this reason safety of these operations becomes of paramount importance. The use of safety devices, that provide an augmented vision to the crane-operator, is essential to avoid potential accidents, moreover risk analysis could benefit from the acquisition of real time information about the process. This work aims to extrapolate and adapt dynamic risk assessment concepts for crane-related operations of a typical oil and gas industry by means of the support of safety devices. To achieve this objective, a set of risk indicators, reporting continuous information about the operations that are carried out, will be defined; successively, a technique of aggregation of these indicators will also be applied with the aim to update the frequency of critical events by a proper Risk Metric Reduction Factor that accounts for the effect of the use of safety barriers.
13
Laborde, Anita, Evelyn Habit, and Oscar Link. "Hydropower dams threaten freshwater Chilean fish species: What dams and what species?" E3S Web of Conferences 40 (2018): 03032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184003032.
Full textAbstract:
Hydropower is experiencing a development boom worldwide. However, at the same time, challenge sustainability, mainly due to synergistic effects of several projects in the species distribution area. What and how hydroelectric projects will affect species, depends on a number of attributes. We analysed Chilean freshwater species distributed over 10 major basins of Central Chile threaten by 1124 plants (12,338 GW) planned in a hotspot of biodiversity. The exposure of the species to the planned hydropower projects was analyzed at the scale of species and as an assemblage. The hazardousness was evaluated by type, according to characteristics of planned hydropower plant: size, dam height and turbine type. Finally, considering species and assemblage exposition the most threaten genera were defined. Project analysed compile 45% of the exploitable potential, with a total of 198 (75.5%) project with capacities < 20MW, and 280 (88.1%) with low head dams (<20 m). 22.6% of the species are not exposed to planned plants, 54.8% are exposed to a small number of plants (<5), and 22.6% are frequently exposed to plants (> 60). The latter species pertain to genera Trichomycterus, Percilia, and Diplomystes, defining a critical fish assemblage that facilitates the management of an important part of the cases (40.4%) through mitigation technologies.
14
van Haaften, Marinus, Yili Liu, Yuxin Wang, Yueyue Zhang, Cornelis Gardebroek, Wim Heijman, and Miranda Meuwissen. "Understanding tree failure—A systematic review and meta-analysis." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (February 16, 2021): e0246805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246805.
Full textAbstract:
Recent research has indicated an increase in the likelihood and impact of tree failure. The potential for trees to fail relates to various biomechanical and physical factors. Strikingly, there seems to be an absence of tree risk assessment methods supported by observations, despite an increasing availability of variables and parameters measured by scientists, arborists and practitioners. Current urban tree risk assessments vary due to differences in experience, training, and personal opinions of assessors. This stresses the need for a more objective method to assess the hazardousness of urban trees. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of factors that influence tree failure including stem failure, root failure and branch failure. A systematic literature review according to the PRISMA guidelines has been performed in databases, supported by backward referencing: 161 articles were reviewed revealing 142 different factors which influenced tree failure. A meta-analysis of effect sizes and p-values was executed on those factors which were associated directly with any type of tree failure. Bayes Factor was calculated to assess the likelihood that the selected factors appear in case of tree failure. Publication bias was analysed visually by funnel plots and results by regression tests. The results provide evidence that the factors Height and Stem weight positively relate to stem failure, followed by Age, DBH, DBH squared times H, and Cubed DBH (DBH3) and Tree weight. Stem weight and Tree weight were found to relate positively to root failure. For branch failure no relating factors were found. We recommend that arborists collect further data on these factors. From this review it can further be concluded that there is no commonly shared understanding, model or function available that considers all factors which can explain the different types of tree failure. This complicates risk estimations that include the failure potential of urban trees.
15
Raffa, Carla Maria, Fulvia Chiampo, and Subramanian Shanthakumar. "Remediation of Metal/Metalloid-Polluted Soils: A Short Review." Applied Sciences 11, no. 9 (April 30, 2021): 4134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11094134.
Full textAbstract:
The contamination of soil by heavy metals and metalloids is a worldwide problem due to the accumulation of these compounds in the environment, endangering human health, plants, and animals. Heavy metals and metalloids are normally present in nature, but the rise of industrialization has led to concentrations higher than the admissible ones. They are non-biodegradable and toxic, even at very low concentrations. Residues accumulate in living beings and become dangerous every time they are assimilated and stored faster than they are metabolized. Thus, the potentially harmful effects are due to persistence in the environment, bioaccumulation in the organisms, and toxicity. The severity of the effect depends on the type of heavy metal or metalloid. Indeed, some heavy metals (e.g., Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) at very low concentrations are essential for living organisms, while others (e.g., Cd, Pb, and Hg) are nonessential and are toxic even in trace amounts. It is important to monitor the concentration of heavy metals and metalloids in the environment and adopt methods to remove them. For this purpose, various techniques have been developed over the years: physical remediation (e.g., washing, thermal desorption, solidification), chemical remediation (e.g., adsorption, catalysis, precipitation/solubilization, electrokinetic methods), biological remediation (e.g., biodegradation, phytoremediation, bioventing), and combined remediation (e.g., electrokinetic–microbial remediation; washing–microbial degradation). Some of these are well known and used on a large scale, while others are still at the research level. The main evaluation factors for the choice are contaminated site geology, contamination characteristics, cost, feasibility, and sustainability of the applied process, as well as the technology readiness level. This review aims to give a picture of the main techniques of heavy metal removal, also giving elements to assess their potential hazardousness due to their concentrations.
16
Poinssot, Ch, B. Boullis, C. Rostaing, and D. Warin. "Main results of the French program on Partitioning and Transmutation of Minor Actinides." MRS Proceedings 1475 (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2012.555.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTIn the framework of the successive 1991 and 2006 Waste Management Act, French government supported a very significant R&D program on partitioning and transmutation of minor actinides (MA). This program aims to study potential solutions for still minimizing the quantity and the hazardousness of final waste, by MA recycling. Indeed, MA recycling can reduce the heat load and the half-life of most of the waste to be buried to a couple of hundred years, overcoming the concerns of the public related to the long-life of the waste.Within this framework, this paper aims to present the most recent progress obtained in CEA on the development of innovative actinide partitioning hydrometallurgical processes in support of their recycling, either in an homogeneous mode (MA are recycled at low concentration in all the standard reactor fuel) or in an heterogeneous mode (MA are recycled at higher concentration in specific targets, at the periphery of the reactor core). Recovery performances obtained on recent tests in high active conditions of the so-called GANEX and DIAMEX-SANEX process will be presented and discussed in light of the potential P&T scenarios. Finally, recent developments regarding the recycling of the sole Am will be presented as well as the results obtained on highly active solutions for this so-called EXAM process.This set of results gives to the French government a portfolio of potential recycling processes which could be separately and progressively implemented if decided.
17
Hemmerling, Scott, Tim Carruthers, Ann Hijuelos, and Harris Bienn. "Double exposure and dynamic vulnerability: Assessing economic well-being, ecological change and the development of the oil and gas industry in coastal Louisiana." Shore & Beach, March 15, 2020, 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.34237/1008819.
Full textAbstract:
The oil and gas industry has been a powerful driver of economic change in coastal Louisiana for the latter half of the 20th century and into the 21st. Yet, the overall impact of the industry on the economic well-being of host communities is varied, both spatially and temporally. While the majority of Louisiana’s oil and gas production now occurs offshore, processing the extracted product is an energy-intensive undertaking requiring an expansive network of land-based infrastructure. Despite the positive economic aspects of this development, there are also potential negatives posed to coastal ecosystems and to communities located adjacent to oil and gas infrastructure. This research utilizes a double exposure framework to explore the relationship between oil and gas infrastructure development, fish and shellfish habitat, and economic well-being in Louisiana’s coastal zone from 1950 to 2010. The approach followed four main steps: (1) Developing a hazardousness of place model to identify areas of magnified risk due to the combined hazards of multiple potential exposure sites related to the extraction and processing of crude oil and natural gas; (2) developing a model of ecological functioning to measure the ability of aquatic habitat to support key fish and shellfish species; (3) utilizing an integrated community economic well-being index to assess change on a decadal timescale; and (4) analyzing selected oil-dependent communities to illustrate how change processes occurring in different energy sectors result in differential outcomes. The results suggest that, for many communities, the dependence on the oil and gas industry has increased economic well-being but also increased sensitivity to natural and human-induced changes, including fluctuating economic conditions, environmental stress, coastal habitat destruction, and increasing social and economic pressures.
18
Flottmann, F., N. van Horn, M. E. Maros, H. Leischner, M. Bechstein, L. Meyer, M. Sauer, et al. "More Retrieval Attempts are Associated with Poorer Functional Outcome After Unsuccessful Thrombectomy." Clinical Neuroradiology, July 8, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00062-021-01054-w.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Purpose In mechanical thrombectomy, it has been hypothesized that multiple retrieval attempts might the improve reperfusion rate but not the clinical outcome. In order to assess a potential harmful effect of a mechanical thrombectomy on patient outcome, the number of retrieval attempts was analyzed. Only patients with a thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (TICI) score of 0 were reviewed to exclude the impact of eventual successful reperfusion on the mechanical hazardousness of repeated retrievals. Methods In this study 6635 patients who underwent endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for acute large vessel occlusion (LVO) from the prospectively administered multicenter German Stroke Registry were screened. Insufficient reperfusion was defined as no reperfusion (TICI score of 0), whereas a primary outcome was defined as functional independence (modified Rankin scale [mRS] 0–2 at day 90). Propensity score matching and multivariable logistic regressions were then performed to adjust for confounders. Results A total of 377 patients (7.8%) had a final TICI score of 0 and were included in the study. After propensity score matching functional independence was found to be significantly more frequent in patients who underwent ≤ 2 retrieval attempts (14%), compared to patients with > 2 retrieval attempts (3.9%, OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.07–0.73, p = 0.009). After adjusting for age, sex, admission NIHSS score, and location of occlusion, more than two retrieval attempts remained significantly associated with lower odds of functional independence at 90 days (OR 0.2, 95% CI 0.07–0.52, p = 0.002). Conclusion In patients with failure of reperfusion, more than two retrieval attempts were associated with a worse clinical outcome, therefore indicating a possible harmful effect of multiple retrieval attempts.
19
Nolasco, Elaine, Pedro Henrique Vieira Duraes, Júlia Pereira Gonçalves, Maria Cristina de Oliveira, Lucijane Monteiro de Abreu, and Alexandre Nascimento de Almeida. "Characterization of solid wastes as a tool to implement waste management strategies in a university campus." International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print (October 14, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijshe-12-2019-0358.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Universities are an example of institutions that aggregate people around work/study who consume water, energy and produce waste daily in their activities, generating an impact on the environment. The purpose of this study is to determine the quantity, composition and recycling potential of waste generated at the Faculdade UnB Planaltina (FUP) campus, of the University of Brasilia in the Federal District, Brazil, to develop a waste management strategy compatible with national legislation and sustainable global practices. Design/methodology/approach This study was based on conducting on-site visits to identify the sources of generation, hazardousness, management and gravimetric characteristics of residual waste from 2015 to 2016. In 2016, a selective collection was implemented on the FUP campus, and since then, actions to raise awareness for the selective disposal and monitoring of waste were conducted with the academic community. Findings The results showed that the campus generates 148 kg of waste/day, whereas the per capita generation is 92 g/day. The production of hazardous waste is related to campus laboratories which manage it under a specific program. The campus restaurant is the place that generates the most waste, of which organic waste is the most representative. When categorizing the waste generated on campus, the authors found that the majority are recyclables at 67% of the total. This category includes material composed of cardboard, paper and plastic, all able to be recycled in the Federal District. Practical implications The recyclable waste generated at the FUP campus is being diverted from the city’s landfill because they are donated to a recycling cooperative. These actions promote income generation, social inclusion of waste pickers and a circular economy, all in compliance with the National Solid Waste Policy. As a result, the FUP campus is more in line with Brazilian legislation and the global context of adopting sustainable waste management amongst higher education institutions. Originality/value This paper contributes to the literature on sustainability in higher education by reporting the process of implementation of a waste management strategy in a university campus. Further, it presents tools and methods that can be used to achieve sustainability in waste management. The study also identifies that the crucial factor for the success of such actions is the mobilization and participation of the academic community in the process. It does so by presenting findings demonstrating how the University of Brasilia has been concerned with adopting pro-environmental measures for sustainable development.