Relevant bibliographies by topics / Potential vorticity

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Potential vorticity'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Potential vorticity"

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Herbert, Fritz. "The physics of potential vorticity." Meteorologische Zeitschrift 16, no. 3 (June 21, 2007): 243–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0941-2948/2007/0198.

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Millán, Luis F., Gloria L. Manney, and Zachary D. Lawrence. "Reanalysis intercomparison of potential vorticity and potential-vorticity-based diagnostics." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 7 (April 7, 2021): 5355–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5355-2021.

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Abstract. Global reanalyses from data assimilation systems are among the most widely used datasets in weather and climate studies, and potential vorticity (PV) from reanalyses is invaluable for many studies of dynamical and transport processes. We assess how consistently modern reanalyses represent potential vorticity (PV) among each other, focusing not only on PV but also on process-oriented dynamical diagnostics including equivalent latitude calculated from PV and PV-based tropopause and stratospheric polar vortex characterization. In particular we assess the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Climate Forecast System Reanalysis/Climate Forecast System, version 2 (CFSR/CFSv2) reanalysis, the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Interim (ERA-Interim) reanalysis, the Japanese Meteorological Agency's 55-year (JRA-55) reanalysis, and the NASA Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 (MERRA-2). Overall, PV from all reanalyses agrees well with the reanalysis ensemble mean, providing some confidence that all of these recent reanalyses are suitable for most studies using PV-based diagnostics. Specific diagnostics where some larger differences are seen include PV-based tropopause locations in regions that have strong tropopause gradients (such as around the subtropical jets) or are sparse in high-resolution data (such as over Antarctica), and the stratospheric polar vortices during fall vortex formation and (especially) spring vortex breakup; studies of sensitive situations or regions such as these should examine PV from multiple reanalyses.
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Rotunno, R., V. Grubišić, and P. K. Smolarkiewicz. "Vorticity and Potential Vorticity in Mountain Wakes." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 56, no. 16 (August 1999): 2796–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1999)056<2796:vapvim>2.0.co;2.

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Davis, Christopher A. "Piecewise Potential Vorticity Inversion." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 49, no. 16 (August 1992): 1397–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1992)049<1397:ppvi>2.0.co;2.

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Keffer, Thomas. "The potential of vorticity." Nature 334, no. 6178 (July 1988): 105–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/334105a0.

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McTaggart-Cowan, R., J. R. Gyakum, and M. K. Yau. "Moist Component Potential Vorticity." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 60, no. 1 (January 2003): 166–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(2003)060<0166:mcpv>2.0.co;2.

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McDougall, Trevor J. "Neutral-surface potential vorticity." Progress in Oceanography 20, no. 3 (January 1988): 185–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0079-6611(88)90002-x.

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Kirwan, A. D., Bruce Lipphardt, and Juping Liu. "Negative potential vorticity lenses." International Journal of Engineering Science 30, no. 10 (October 1992): 1361–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7225(92)90147-9.

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Arbogast, P. "Sensitivity to potential vorticity." Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 124, no. 549 (July 1998): 1605–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.49712454912.

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Viúdez, Álvaro. "On Ertel’s Potential Vorticity Theorem. On the Impermeability Theorem for Potential Vorticity." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 56, no. 4 (February 1999): 507–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1999)056<0507:oespvt>2.0.co;2.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Potential vorticity"

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Birkett, Hannah Rachel. "Reduced upper-tropospheric potential vorticity." Thesis, University of Reading, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299301.

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Berrisford, Paul. "Potential vorticity in extratropical cyclones." Thesis, University of Reading, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233686.

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Davis, Christopher A. (Christopher Alfred). "Cyclogenesis diagnosed with potential vorticity." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/51476.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, 1990.
Includes bibliographic references (p. 188-194).
by Christopher A. Davis.
Ph.D.
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Boss, Emmanuel. "Dynamics of potential vorticity fronts /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11031.

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Neves, Alberto P. C. "Unbalanced frontogenesis with constant potential vorticity." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1996. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA326390.

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Thesis (M.S. in Meteorology and Physical Oceanography) Naval Postgraduate School, December 1996.
Thesis advisor(s): Roger T. Williams, Melinda S. Peng. "December 1996." Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-76). Also available online.
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Wang, Yuhui. "The potential vorticity budget of mean winter anomalies." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0029/MQ55097.pdf.

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Wang, Yuhui 1970. "The potential vorticity budget of mean winter anomalies /." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29930.

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NCEP reanalyses have been used to compute the climatological isentropic potential vorticity (IPV) budget at the 315K level for 39 winters and for those winters with a North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) as well as winters with a Pacific/North American (PNA) pattern.
The climatology shows two main IPV sources, each being upstream of the two main centers of positive PV on the east coasts of North America and Asia. The results for the winters with a NAO (PNA) anomaly show, in particular, that the mean-winter IPV anomalies associated with these patterns also have upstream sources. The importance of the latter is not as clear as that of the continential sources that maintain the climatological centers.
The mean-winter IPV advection that balances the IPV sources/sinks is composed of the advection by the time-mean flow and by the transient eddies (decomposed into high- and low-frequency components), where the former is the dominant component. The latter are found to produce a negative feedback in that they act to reduce the amplitude of the IPV anomaly. For the NAO anomaly, low-frequency transient advection is more important, while high-frequency transient advection is more statistically significant for the PNA anomaly. Both the high and low-frequency advection have comparable contributions in maintaining the climatological distribution of the stationary eddy IPV.
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Norton, Warwick Alexander. "Balance and potential vorticity inversion in atmospheric dynamics." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.293018.

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Huo, Zonghui. "Numerical prediction and potential vorticity diagnosis of extratropical cyclones." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ29963.pdf.

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Huo, Zonghui. "Numerical prediction and potential vorticity diagnosis of extratropical cyclones." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=42058.

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By combining numerical simulations with different diagnostic tools, this thesis examines the various aspects of two explosively deepening cyclones--the superstorm of March 12-14 1993 and a storm that occurred during the Intensive Observation Period 14 (IOP-14) of the Canadian Atlantic Storm Program (CASP). Using conventional observations, the general aspects of the storms are documented and the dynamical and physical mechanisms are discussed. Then the life cycles are simulated with the Canadian Regional Finite-Element model. To improve the model initial conditions, a methodology is proposed on the basis of potential vorticity thinking, and is tested to be successful in the simulation of the March 1993 superstorm. Using the successful simulations as control runs, a series of numerical sensitivity experiments are conducted to study the impacts of model physics on the development of the two rapidly deepening cyclones.
The deepening mechanisms of both storms are examined within the context of PV thinking, i.e., using piecewise potential vorticity inversion diagnostics. In both cases, the upper-level PV anomalies contribute the most to the surface cyclone, followed by the lower-level thermal anomalies and diabatic heating related moist PV anomaly. It is found that a favorable phase tilt between the upper- and lower-level PV anomalies allows a mutual interaction between them, in which the circulations associated with the upper-level anomalies enhance the lower-level anomalies, which in turn feedback positively into the upper-level PV anomalies. In addition to the vertical interactions, there also exist lateral interactions between the upper-level PV anomalies for the March 1993 superstorm. The upper-level PV features (troughs) are isolated with the piecewise PV inversion. By removing or changing the intensity of the trough in the initial conditions, the RFE model is integrated to examine the impact of each trough and its interaction with the other trough on the superstorm development.
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Books on the topic "Potential vorticity"

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Hans, Ertel, Wilfried Schröder, and Hans Jürgen Treder. Ertel's potential vorticity. Bremen-Roennebeck: Interdivisional Commission on History of IAGA, 1997.

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Williams, Robin. Potential vorticity estimates at small scales in the ocean. Honolulu, Hawaii: Hawaii Institute of Geophysics, University of Hawaii, 1986.

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Ertel, Hans. Geophysical hydrodynamics and Ertel's potential vorticity: Selected papers of Hans Ertel. Bremen-Rönnebeck: I.A.G.A., 1991.

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Wardle, Richard M. Representation of eddies in climate models by a potential vorticity flux. Woods Hole, Mass: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering, 1999.

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Boerlage, Andrew P. A description of tropical cyclone recurvature in terms of isentropic potential vorticity. Monterey, Calif: Naval Postgraduate School, 1989.

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G, Georgiev Christo, ed. Weather analysis and forecasting: Applying satellite water vapor imagery and potential vorticity analysis. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2005.

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Hall, Melinda M. Horizontal and vertical structure of velocity, potential vorticity and energy in the Gulf Stream. Woods Hole, Mass: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1985.

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Unbalanced Frontogenesis with Constant Potential Vorticity. Storming Media, 1996.

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Cao, Zuohao. Moist potential vorticity generation in extratropical cyclones. 1995.

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Du, Jun. On the Mei-Yu front and the associated potential vorticity anomaly. 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Potential vorticity"

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Mory, M. "Vorticity, Potential Vorticity." In Rotating Fluids in Geophysical and Industrial Applications, 27–45. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-2602-8_3.

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Kushner, Paul J. "Circulation, Vorticity, and Potential Vorticity." In Handbook of Weather, Climate, and Water, 21–38. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0471721603.ch3.

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Pratt, Larry J., and John A. Whitehead. "Potential Vorticity Hydraulics." In Atmospheric And Oceanographic Sciences Library, 517–50. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-49572-9_7.

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Pedlosky, Joseph. "Rotation and Potential Vorticity." In Waves in the Ocean and Atmosphere, 107–17. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05131-3_11.

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Lackmann, Gary. "The Potential Vorticity Framework." In Midlatitude Synoptic Meteorology, 79–94. Boston, MA: American Meteorological Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-878220-56-1_4.

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Krishnamurti, T. N., Lydia Stefanova, and Vasubandhu Misra. "Diabatic Potential Vorticity Over the Global Tropics." In Springer Atmospheric Sciences, 221–31. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7409-8_10.

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Hallberg, Robert, and Peter B. Rhines. "Boundary Sources of Potential Vorticity in Geophysical Circulations." In IUTAM Symposium on Developments in Geophysical Turbulence, 51–65. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0928-7_5.

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Sommeria, Joël. "Statistical Mechanics of Potential Vorticity for Parameterizing Mesoscale Eddies." In Ocean Modeling and Parameterization, 303–26. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5096-5_13.

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McIntyre, M. E. "Balance, Potential-Vorticity Inversion, Lighthill Radiation, and the Slow Quasimanifold." In IUTAM Symposium on Advances in Mathematical Modelling of Atmosphere and Ocean Dynamics, 45–68. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0792-4_4.

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Nielsen-Gammon, John W., and David A. Gold. "Dynamical Diagnosis: A Comparison of Quasigeostrophy and Ertel Potential Vorticity." In Synoptic—Dynamic Meteorology and Weather Analysis and Forecasting, 183–202. Boston, MA: American Meteorological Society, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-933876-68-2_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Potential vorticity"

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Moore, Brandon L., and Lakshmi P. Dasi. "Aortic Valve Sinus Vorticity Dynamics and the Potential Role of Coronary Flow." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14335.

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Calcific aortic valve disease affects a wide range of the population in the United States. Each year there are approximately 50,000 valve replacements due to this disease [(Freeman & Otto, 2005)]. While it is unclear what the exact causes of CAVD are, it does appear to be correlated to local hemodynamic conditions particularly related to the complex spatio-temporal nature of fluid wall shear stress dynamics that the aortic side of the leaflets experience.
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Pasquetti, Richard, R. Peyret, J. M. Lacroix, and R. Bwemba. "SPECTRAL METHOD AND VORTICITY-POTENTIAL VECTOR FORMULATION FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL CYLINDRICAL CONVECTION." In Second International Forum on Expert System and Computer Simulation in Energy Engineering. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ichmt.1992.intforumexpsyscompsimee.270.

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Schoop-Zipfel, Jochen, and Moustafa Abdel-Maksoud. "Maneuvering in Waves Based on Potential Theory." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-23826.

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The forces acting on a maneuvering ship are determined with the in-house potential code panMARE. For slender ships with salient hull features, the forces and moments can be captured by properly treating the shed vorticity. For blunt ships it is not possible to directly determine the strength of the vorticity and the position where it leaves the hull. Therefore, it is easier and not less accurate to account for separation forces via semi-empirical formulae. These corrections are based on slender body theory or extensive RANS computations. The mass forces can be determined directly by potential theory. Forces and moments due to rudder and propeller are calculated using state-of-the-art procedures. Arbitrary maneuvers can be simulated by using the equations of motion. With the applied corrections a satisfactory agreement with model test results can be obtained. Wave excitation forces can be introduced to incorporate the influence of sea states. These forces are determined with strip theory. While the forces agree well with measured data, a deviation can be observed in the motions.
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Lee, Yu-Tai, and JinZhang Feng. "Potential and Viscous Interactions for a Multi-Blade-Row Compressor." In ASME Turbo Expo 2003, collocated with the 2003 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2003-38560.

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A computationally efficient time-accurate vortex method for unsteady incompressible flows through multiple blade row systems is presented. The method represents the boundary surfaces using vortex systems. A local coordinate system is assigned to each independently moving blade row. Blade shed vorticity is determined from two generating mechanisms and convected using the Euler equation. The first mechanism of vorticity generation is a potential mechanism from a nonlinear unsteady pressure-type Kutta condition applied at the blade trailing edges. The second mechanism is a viscous mechanism from a viscous wake vorticity (VWV) model implemented to simulate the viscous shear layers on the blade pressure and suction sides. Two different two-blade-row compressor systems, a rotor/stator (R/S) system and a stator/rotor (S/R) system, were used to investigate the interaction forces on each blade row. Computational results of the potential and viscous interaction forces are presented and compared to measurements. The comparison suggests that the viscous wake interaction accounts for 25–30% of the peak loading for an axial spacing of 10% chord length between the blade rows. The efficient computational method is particularly attractive for blade indexing study. Therefore a three-blade-row rotor/stator/rotor (R1/S/R2) compressor system is used to demonstrate the indexing calculations between the two rotor positions. Resultant forces on each blade row are presented for ten rotor indexing positions and three axial gap sizes for the gaps between R1 and S and between S and R2. The unsteady peak-to-peak force can reach 10–15% of inflow dynamic head for the gap spacing investigated. The minimum-to-maximum variation of the unsteady force can account for 40–50% of averaged unsteady force.
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Mishkevich, Victor. "Flow Around Marine Propeller: Nonlinear Theory Based on Vector Potential." In SNAME 8th Propeller and Shafting Symposium. SNAME, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/pss-1997-23.

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A new nonlinear vortex model is proposed to simulate flow around an arbitrarily loaded marine propeller. It uses a continuously distributed vorticity over the blade and hub surfaces, and free vortex: sheets representing the propeller wake. The definition of "nonlinear" implies that there are both load and geometrical nonlinearities: the propeller. load is arbitrary, including static operation; and the thickness of the blades is not small if compared with chord length. As a result, the bound vortices are not perpendicular to the incoming velocity vector but orthogonal to the local vector of resultant velocity (incoming + induced velocities). As for free vorticity, its vector is collinear with the resultant velocity everywhere in the propeller wake. The second nonlinearity leads to the necessity of the distribution of vortices over the blade surface (instead of chord surface). Because vortex singularities are used, the problem is formulated in terms of a vector potential. It is shown here that an additional component of induced velocity (so-called "relative eddy" component) occurs due to the rotation of the blade system. The introduction of this term is illustrated by the example of steady-state propeller motion in an unbounded inviscid fluid.
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Pang, Huaji, Han Yao, Feiyan Guo, Fujing Wan, Shudong Wang, and Guoping Zhang. "Analysis of a Severe Convective Weather Process Based on Potential Vorticity Theory on 13 June 2018." In 2021 IEEE 23rd Int Conf on High Performance Computing & Communications; 7th Int Conf on Data Science & Systems; 19th Int Conf on Smart City; 7th Int Conf on Dependability in Sensor, Cloud & Big Data Systems & Application (HPCC/DSS/SmartCity/DependSys). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hpcc-dss-smartcity-dependsys53884.2021.00338.

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Simpson, James E., and Suresh V. Garimella. "Interface Propagation and Free Convection in Alloy Solidification." In ASME 1997 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1997-0828.

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Abstract The unidirectional solidification of a dilute alloy (tin-bismuth) in a two-dimensional rectangular cavity is investigated. A uniform computational grid is employed. A vorticity-vector potential representation is used for the governing equations for the velocity field. The interface compatibility conditions for vorticity and vector potential are developed and discussed. The energy equation is solved for the temperature field, while the species equation is solved for the solute distribution. The constitutive equations are solved using a true transient method. The solution scheme incorporates an Alternating Direction Implicit (ADI) approximation for the vorticity while the conjugate gradient method is employed for the vector potential equation. The results obtained from the numerical simulations compare very well with experimental results for directional solidification in the literature in terms of the propagation of the solidification front as well as the free convection flow patterns in the liquid.
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Wo, A. M., M. H. Chung, S. J. Chang, and S. F. Lee. "Wake Vorticity Decay and Blade Response in an Axial Compressor With Varying Axial Gap." In ASME 1999 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/99-gt-451.

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This paper addresses the decay of rotor wake vorticity for a rotor/stator axial compressor, with the axial gap between blade rows being 10, 20 and 30 percent chord, and at both design and high loading levels. Experiments were conducted in a large-scale, low-speed axial compressor. Navier-Stokes calculations were also executed. Both data and Navier-Stokes results reveal that the decay of rotor wake vorticity increases substantially as the axial gap decreases; the decay for 10 percent gap is about twice that of 30 percent. Increased time-mean blade loading causes the vorticity decay to also increase, with this effect more pronounced for large axial gap than small. At the stator inlet mid-pitch location, the wake maximum vorticity for 10 and 30 percent chord gap cases being nearly the same (differ by 3.8%) at design loading. The corresponding stator unsteady force agrees within 5.2%. Variation of vorticity decay with axial gap is directly linked to the change in potential disturbance by the downstream stator on the rotor wake due to the change in gap spacing. This suggests that the stator potential disturbance causes the upstream rotor wake to decay at an increased rate which, in turns, results in a lowered level of stator response compared to that without this stator/wake interaction effect. Thus, in this context, blade row interaction is considered beneficial.
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Hadzidakis, M., F. Karagiannis, P. Chaviaropoulos, and K. D. Papailiou. "Unsteady Euler Calculations in 2-D Internal Aerodynamics With Introduced Vorticity." In ASME 1991 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/91-gt-168.

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This paper presents an implicit finite difference algorithm which solves the unsteady Euler equations in two-dimensional ducts. The unsteady nature of the flow is due to the time dependent inflow and outflow boundary conditions, while the geometry does not change in time. The present work is based on the Helmholtz decomposition of the unsteady velocity field into a potential and a rotational part. Vorticity is introduced at the inlet by means of velocity, total enthalpy or even entropy slope. The presented results cover a wide range of reduced frequencies in the subsonic regime.
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Jean-Louis, K. M., R. M. Lollchund, and F. X. Giraldo. "Computational Analysis of Potential Vorticity and Quasi-Geostrophic Approximation for the Quasi-Hydrostatics Thermal Rotating Shallow Water Equations." In Topical Problems of Fluid Mechanics 2023. Institute of Thermomechanics of the Czech Academy of Sciences; CTU in Prague Faculty of Mech. Engineering Dept. Tech. Mathematics, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/tpfm.2023.011.

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A novel idealized and incompressible fluid flow governing model is introduced, namely, the two-dimensional quasi-hydrostatics thermal rotating shallow water equations. The potential vorticity for the new model is computationally analyzed through the Hamiltonian formulation of the Eulerian variables using the noncanonical Poisson brackets. Both similarities and differences are observed between the new and standard shallow models.
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Reports on the topic "Potential vorticity"

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Fulton, Scott R. Potential Vorticity Mixing and Tropical Cyclone Motion. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada377010.

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Koller, J. Potential Vorticity Evolution in the Co-orbital Region of Embedded Protoplanets. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/836124.

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Fulton, Scott R., Wayne H. Schubert, and Michael T. Montgomery. Potential Vorticity Mixing in Hurricanes: Comparison of Nondivergent and Divergent Barotropic Vortices. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada377013.

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Abarbanel, Henry D., and Ali Rouhi. Hamiltonian Dynamics of Coupled Potential Vorticity and Internal Wave Motion: 1. Linear Modes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada263469.

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Montgomery, Michael T., and Lloyd J. Shapiro. Vortex Rossby Waves and Hurricane Evolution in the Presence of Convection and Potential Vorticity and Hurricane Motion. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada628370.

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