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Journal articles on the topic 'Potential word'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Плотникова, Л., and L. Plotnikova. "Potential of Word Creation in Dayly Communication." Scientific Research and Development. Modern Communication Studies 8, no. 3 (2019): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5ce3b931dbe0a9.23385065.

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In article the examples of word creation recorded in the daily speech are analyzed, structural, semantic and communicative-cognitive features of speech innovations are described. Process of creating of lexical neoplasms is regarded as a linguistic and creative process aimed at the creation of the necessary in this speech situation of the word. New words are distinguished by a variety of word-formation models. The paper notes the most productive derivational affixes and methods of word formation. Results of the linguistic experiment made it possible to draw certain conclusions about the feature

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2

Rainer, Franz. "Morphological metaphysics: virtual, potential, and actual words." Word Structure 5, no. 2 (2012): 165–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/word.2012.0025.

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The idea that words come in two ‘modes of existence’, actual and potential, is a commonplace of modern morphology. The main purpose of the present paper is to argue that, instead of this dichotomy, a trichotomy of actual, potential and virtual words is needed. The necessity of distinguishing two ‘modes of existence’ among non-actual words stems from their different behaviour with respect to ‘blocking by word’: 1 while potential words (in my terminology) are possible bases of word-formation rules, it is shown that this is not the case for what I call virtual words (that is, blocked words). Sinc

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3

Shokabayeva, S., та A. Nurbanova. "WORD-FORMULATIVE POTENTIAL OF THE WORD "КӨК" IN THE MODERN KAZAKH LANGUAGE". Bulletin of the Eurasian Humanities Institute, Philology Series, № 2 (15 червня 2022): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.55808/1999-4214.2022-2.04.

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In the Kazakh language, the word "blue" is considered a homonym. In our language, this word has become the basis for many words used in the meanings of a noun, an adjective, and the quality of an object. The article defines the word-building potential of the word "blue" in the modern Kazakh language based on the analysis of the word-building nest derived from this word. Linguistic data, i.e. derived words are collected from the "Dictionary of compound nouns" by the scientist B. Kasym and "Dictionary of the Kazakh literary language", "Explanatory dictionary of the Kazakh language" by M. Buralky

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4

Yessimseitov, Baurzhan, and Nazerke Kokisheva. "THE WORD-FORMATION POTENTIAL OF THE WORD-FORMATION NEST WITH THE ORIGINAL WORDS "ZAN"." Bulletin of the Eurasian Humanities Institute, Philology Series, no. 4 (December 30, 2023): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.55808/1999-4214.2023-4.04.

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In this article, the word-formation potential of the word-formation nest with the original word "zan" (law) is determined based on the analysis of the word-formation nest formed from this word. The works of such scientists as N. Oralbai, O. Tokkozhaeva, A. Salkynbai, K. Kurmanaliev, B. Yessimseitov, N. Kokisheva, T. Tokhtarov, D. Kuandykov, who studied the problem of the word-formation nest, are considered. A mandatory element of the word–formation nest is the source word. The original word, it is commonly called the top, plays a very important role in the formation of the word-formation nest,

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5

Zhao, Yuqian. "The word-formation potential of anglicisms in political vocabulary." Neophilology, no. 2 (2022): 254–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-6953-2022-8-2-254-260.

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The relevance of the study lies in the fact that the word-formation potential of language units has more than once become a subject of linguistic research. At the same time, the matter of the word-formation potential of anglicisms in the political vocabulary of the modern Russian language remains insufficiently studied. The aim of this article is to describe the word-formation potential of anglicisms in the political vocabulary of the modern Russian language. The descriptive method and word-formation analysis are mainly used in the study. The research materials are 302 root anglicisms and thei

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6

Suomi, Kari. "On Detecting Words and Word Boundaries in Finnish: A Survey of Potential Word Boundary Signals." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 8, no. 2 (1985): 211–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586500001347.

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Two models are presented of how the listener detects words in utterances. The first model assumes that the listener takes advantage of phonetic word boundary signals (WBSs), non-phonetic information not being necessary for word detection. The second model assumes that word detection relies on the use of non-phonetic knowledge of the language, words being detected through the recognition of the preceding word. Thus WBSs may not be necessary for word detection. The WBSs suggested for Finnish are evaluated against this background. The phonotactic WBSs are found unreliable or useless, the others l

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7

Wu, Chenggang, Juan Zhang, and Zhen Yuan. "Exploring Affective Priming Effect of Emotion-Label Words and Emotion-Laden Words: An Event-Related Potential Study." Brain Sciences 11, no. 5 (2021): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11050553.

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In order to explore the affective priming effect of emotion-label words and emotion-laden words, the current study used unmasked (Experiment 1) and masked (Experiment 2) priming paradigm by including emotion-label words (e.g., sadness, anger) and emotion-laden words (e.g., death, gift) as primes and examined how the two kinds of words acted upon the processing of the target words (all emotion-laden words). Participants were instructed to decide the valence of target words, and their electroencephalogram was recorded at the same time. The behavioral and event-related potential (ERP) results sho

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Arunphalungsanti, Kittipun, and Chailerd Pichitpornchai. "Brain Processing (Auditory Event-Related Potential) of Stressed Versus Unstressed Words in Thai Speech." Perceptual and Motor Skills 125, no. 6 (2018): 995–1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0031512518794107.

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This study investigated the effect of the stressed word in Thai language on auditory event-related potential (aERP) in unattended conditions. We presented 30 healthy participants with monosyllabic Thai words consisting of either stressed or unstressed words. We instructed them not to attend to the sound stimuli, but rather to watch and memorize the contents of a silent natural documentary without subtitles. The two listening conditions consisted of 20% deviant stimuli (70 stressed and 70 unstressed words, respectively) and 80% standard stimuli (other 280 unstressed words) presented pseudorando

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9

Panova, G. I., A. E. Kuzmina, and N. Yu Kravchenko. "Functional Potential of Adjective Word Forms in Russian." Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology 22, no. 2 (2023): 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2023-22-2-30-41.

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Purpose. Analysis of literature on Russian morphology revealed the problems related to functional potential of adjective word-forms and the morphological content of indeclinable nouns. There are three viewpoints on features of indeclinable substantives: 1) they have categories of types, numbers, and cases, while the number and case appear as homonymous forms with zero ending; 2) all categories of presented forms are used as inflection of adjectival words; 3) these substantives have no categories of number and case but have their syntactic meanings. The article's purpose is to determine functio

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10

Pavlevchev, Samuil, Minah Chang, Alessandra Natascha Flöck, and Peter Walla. "Subliminal Word Processing: EEG Detects Word Processing Below Conscious Awareness." Brain Sciences 12, no. 4 (2022): 464. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12040464.

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The present electroencephalography (EEG) study observed how the brain processes visual stimuli (words and shapes) displayed with four different duration times (17 ms, 33 ms, 67 ms, and 100 ms). All stimuli had to be classified into “I saw nothing”, “I saw a blur”, “I saw a word,” or “I saw a shape” via distinct button presses while brain potentials were being measured. The neurophysiological correlates of word and shape processing were subsequently analysed and compared for two distinct time points at the occipito-parietal area in both hemispheres (P7 and P8). In a further step, word and shape

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11

Gabbaskyzy, Shaimerdinova Nurila. "The word-formation potential of affixes in the ancient Turkic runic texts." Turkic Studies Journal 4, no. 3 (2022): 118–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2664-5157-2022-3-118-127.

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In the era of the Old Turkic Khaganates, a full-fledged structure of the Turkic word was formed in the runic language. Historical relics of the proto-Turkic protoforms are still preserved in the root morphemes: primary roots, verb-nominal syncretism, and sound-phonemic variability of roots. In the language of runic monuments the corpus of service morphemes after the root – the affixes – was quite well developed, so there was a quite well developed system of morphology and derivation in the Proto-Turkic language. These service morphemes can be functionally classified as formative and word-forma

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Melgunova, A. V. "Derivational Potential of Pronouns in German and Russian languages." Nauchnyi dialog, no. 10 (October 29, 2021): 101–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2021-10-101-116.

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The question of the use of pronouns as an element in the process of word formation of lexical units of the German and Russian languages is considered. The material was texts related to different genres: journalistic, popular science, scientific, artistic. The novelty of the research is seen in the comparison of the word-formation potential of pronouns in two languages, the word-formation system of which has some differences. The result of a comparative analysis of vocabulary related to different parts of speech is presented. Particular attention is paid to the possibility of using personal pro

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13

Karagulova, B. S., and Sandugash Mukhtarova. "TYPES OF LEXICAL AND GRAMMATICAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN LITERARY TRANSLATION." Bulletin of the Eurasian Humanities Institute, Philology Series, no. 4 (December 30, 2023): 62–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.55808/1999-4214.2023-4.05.

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In this article, the word-formation potential of the word-formation nest with the original word "zan" (law) is determined based on the analysis of the word-formation nest formed from this word. The works of such scientists as N. Oralbai, O. Tokkozhaeva, A. Salkynbai, K. Kurmanaliev, B. Yessimseitov, N. Kokisheva, T. Tokhtarov, D. Kuandykov, who studied the problem of the word-formation nest, are considered. A mandatory element of the word–formation nest is the source word. The original word, it is commonly called the top, plays a very important role in the formation of the word-formation nest,

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14

Amilia, Fitri, Astri Widyaruli Anggraeni, Anita Fatimatul Laeli, and Edwar Kemal. "The The potential of words to become swearing: An ethno semantic study." BAHASTRA 44, no. 2 (2024): 325–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.26555/bs.v44i2.1015.

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This research aims to describe the potential of words as swear words through an ethno semantic study. This research differs from other swearing studies examining the form and meaning of swear words. This study presents the potential of words to become swear words. This research employs a phenomenological approach. Swear words are expressive words that convey emotions and are easily found in both oral and written forms, whether directly or on social media. The data collection technique for swear words is documentation. The steps in documentation include recording sentences that contain swear wo

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15

Webb, Stuart. "A corpus driven study of the potential for vocabulary learning through watching movies." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 15, no. 4 (2010): 497–519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.15.4.03web.

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In this corpus driven study, the scripts of 143 movies consisting of 1,267,236 running words were analyzed using the RANGE program (Heatley et al. 2002) to determine the number of encounters with low frequency words. Low frequency words were operationalized as items from Nation’s (2004) 4th to 14th 1,000-word BNC lists. The results showed that in a single movie, few words were encountered 10 or more times indicating that only a small number of words may be learned through watching one movie. However, as the number of movies analyzed increased, the number of words encountered 10 or more times i

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Söderström, Pelle, and Anne Cutler. "Early neuro-electric indication of lexical match in English spoken-word recognition." PLOS ONE 18, no. 5 (2023): e0285286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0285286.

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We investigated early electrophysiological responses to spoken English words embedded in neutral sentence frames, using a lexical decision paradigm. As words unfold in time, similar-sounding lexical items compete for recognition within 200 milliseconds after word onset. A small number of studies have previously investigated event-related potentials in this time window in English and French, with results differing in direction of effects as well as component scalp distribution. Investigations of spoken-word recognition in Swedish have reported an early left-frontally distributed event-related p

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17

Wijaya, Tiffany Vivian, and Julia Eka Rini. "Strategies Used in the Translation of Hidden Potential." k@ta kita 12, no. 1 (2024): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/katakita.12.1.43-48.

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In translating, difficulties often emerge during the translation process. In translating the book entitled Hidden Potential written by Wendy Pope from English to Bahasa Indonesia, Mona Baker’s translation strategies are used to overcome the difficulties that emerge in the translation process. The strategies used are as follows: translation by a more general word, translation by a more neutral word, translation by cultural translation, and translation by omission. The strategy of translation by illustration is not used since this book contains only words without any pictures or illustrations.

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18

Motamedynia, Masoud, and Naseh Nasrollahi Shahri. "Investigating the Lexical Demands of English-as-an-Additional-Language and General-Audience Podcasts and Their Potential for Incidental Vocabulary Learning." Canadian Journal of Applied Linguistics 25, no. 2 (2022): 103–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.37213/cjal.2022.32746.

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This study investigated the lexical demands of English-as-an-additional-language (EAL) and general-audience podcasts and their potential for incidental vocabulary learning. Two corpora (i.e., one EAL and one general-audience) comprising 1,188,512 tokens were analyzed to determine the necessary vocabulary knowledge to reach 90% and 95% coverage. The results indicated that 2,000 and 3,000 word families plus proper nouns (PN), marginal words (MW), transparent compounds (TC), and acronyms (AC) covered 90% and 95% of words in podcasts, respectively. The results also showed that EAL and general-audi

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19

Kulakova, Natal'ya Vasil'evna. "POTENTIAL VARIABILITY WORD CREATIVE GAMES." Ural Philological Herald. Series Language. System. Personality: the Linguistics of Creativity, no. 2 (2020): 187–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.26170/ufv20-02-17.

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20

Stavitskaya, Sofia S. "Word-forming Potential of Prefixes де- and ре- in the Current Political Situation (Based on the Material of the Media and Internet)". Izvestia of the Ural federal university. Series 2. Humanities and Arts 26, № 4 (2024): 208–19. https://doi.org/10.15826/izv2.2024.26.4.069.

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This article analyses prefixed nonce and potential words with prefixes де- and ре-. The choice of material, i.e. potential and nonce words with prefixes де- and ре-, is due to the high frequency of using lexemes with these prefixes in the modern news agenda. The purpose of this study is to assess the word-forming potential of prefixes in modern political contexts of the media and the internet by describing their word-forming compatibility with verbs and nouns, as well as identify the new words as nonce or potential ones according to the highlighted criteria, which are correspondence of prefixa

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21

Bychkova, Valentina Sergeevna. "Axiological potential of the nomination провинциалишка (provincialette): word-formation and pragmatic aspects". Philology. Issues of Theory and Practice 17, № 7 (2024): 2354–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/phil20240335.

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The purpose of the study is to describe the features of the representation of the pejorative assessment of the nomination провинциалишка (provincialette) at the word-formation and pragmatic levels. The article examines the specifics of the functioning of the suffix -ишк-: features of the expression of the word-formation meaning, semantic and word-formation motivation of the derivative, ways to intensify the evaluation of this nomination. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time the nomination "провинциалишка" was studied in detail, which had not previously b

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Teguh, I. Wayan. "Kata Yen dalam Bahasa Bali: Suatu Tinjauan Sederhana." Humanis 26, no. 2 (2022): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jh.2022.v26.i02.p12.

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The word yén (Balinese) has a meaning parallel to the words if and if (Indonesian). One of the characters of the word yén is as a conjunction. In addition, the word yén also has a character like a preposition. The word yén (Balinese) only has a function and meaning in a syntactic structure. The word yén (Balinese) which functions as a conjunction has similarities and differences with the word yén which is characterized as a preposition. In this case both belong to the category of particles. In addition, it also only has a function and meaning in a syntactic structure. The difference is that yé

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23

Zakharova, Julia. "Lexical Neologisms and Potential Words in the Letters by A.P. Chekhov." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 2. Jazykoznanije, no. 5 (October 2022): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu2.2022.5.2.

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The article focuses on the process of neologism emergence in the Russian language and speech in the second half of the 19 th century inferred in the letters of A.P. Chekhov. The content of the terms lexical neologism and potential word is determined. The latter is considered in a systematic aspect, from the point of view of the possibility of eliminating lacunae in the lexical composition, which was intensively formed during the period under study. The object of the analysis is those potential words that were in demand among some particular native speakers. The structural types of neologisms,

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Walker, Peter. "Word Shape as a Cue to the Identity of a Word: An Analysis of the Kučera and Francis (1967) Word List." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 39, no. 4 (1987): 675–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14640748708401809.

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A word printed in lower-case letters has a characteristic shape as a result of the pattern created by its ascending, descending and neutral letters. The importance of word shape as a cue in word recognition, though debated for many years, has still to be satisfactorily resolved. On the assumption that the utility of a word's shape will depend on the extent to which it precludes all but a relative small set of candidate words, a promising approach to the issue compares reading performance for words with rare versus common shapes. As a prerequisite to this experimental approach, however, the dis

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Ibrahim, Nurulhuda, Chun Sheng Chan, and Kah Yan Low. "THE POTENTIAL OF DIGITAL GAME-BASED LEARNING FOR ENGLISH VOCABULARY ACQUISITION AMONG MALAYSIAN ADOLESCENTS." Journal of Information System and Technology Management 7, no. 29 (2022): 144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/jistm.729013.

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English is one of the mandatory subjects in primary and secondary school. However, few young Malaysians are proficient in the language, especially those living in rural areas. This study investigates the potential of using a word-search puzzle game as an alternative learning tool for English vocabulary acquisition. A word-search puzzle game was designed and developed. Additional dictionary features, such as words’ definitions, synonyms, antonyms, and pronunciation, are included in the word-search puzzle game. An online survey was conducted to evaluate the game experience (i.e. game flow and ga

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26

Golev, Nikolay D., and Irina P. Falomkina. "On the role of the anthropocentric factor in the realization of the derivational potential of names of ungulates as motivating lexical units." Sibirskiy filologicheskiy zhurnal, no. 3 (2021): 191–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/18137083/76/15.

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The paper is dedicated to describing the word-building system of the Russian language in terms of its vocabulary. Lexical factors are discussed influencing the formation of lexical units’ potential as motivating units of word-building processes and relations and the realization of this potential in language activities. Of most interest for the authors are anthropocentric determinants, most of which are coordinating the lexical system and, through its mediation, the word-building system with the worldview of native speakers of the Russian language. The proposed model of derivational development

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27

Thompson, Denisse R., and Rheta N. Rubenstein. "Learning Mathematics Vocabulary: Potential Pitfalls and Instructional Strategies." Mathematics Teacher 93, no. 7 (2000): 568–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mt.93.7.0568.

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Do your students speak mathematics, or do they think that the mathematics classroom is another country where they must use a foreign language? Are they sometimes confused or overwhelmed by new vocabulary? Do they misuse words, forget key terms, or ignore important distinctions between words? Do they ask, “Where did anyone ever get a strange word like asymptote?” or “I forget, is twelve a factor or a multiple of twenty-four?”

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Ponomarova, L. F. "On the problem of interaction of different types of word building processes in formation of potential and occasional words." English and American Studies 1, no. 16 (2019): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/381905.

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The possibility or impossibility of their formation is determined both by systematic regularities of connection of word-building elements, and by extralinguistic conditions. The article deals with the problems of motivation and being motivated in world building processes, as well as with the types of word building processes in the formation of deverbative nouns. The interaction of various types of word formation processes in building potential and occasional words is explored.

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29

Hubbard, Carol P. "Stuttering, Stressed Syllables, and Word Onsets." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 41, no. 4 (1998): 802–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4104.802.

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The relationship of syllabic stress, word onsets, and stuttering was examined on selected words within a set of 40 carefully controlled sentences containing bisyllabic words with contrastive stress. Ten stuttering adults displayed significantly more stuttering on the word-initial syllables than on the subsequent (word-final) syllables, whereas stressed syllables were not stuttered significantly more than unstressed syllables. Participants displayed a greater tendency to stutter on word-onsets than stressed syllables within words. These findings are discussed with respect to potential relations

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Melnik, Uluia Aleksandrovna, and Anastasia Vladimirovna Kirova. "CREATIVITY IN THE CONTEMPORARY RUSSIAN LANGUAGE VOCABULARY: “WORD OF THE YEAR”." Neophilology, no. 16 (2018): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-6953-2018-4-16-46-53.

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The neologization with the popularity of the Internet occurs actively in the contemporary Russian language. Not only mass media but also common people, Internet users contribute significantly. New words from the media discourse get into word creating rates of Internet project “Word of the Year”. On the one hand, ranked lists are the indicators of social changes, on the other hand, they reflect linguocreative potential of people, who participate in lists formation. Creative speech activity relates to language game. One of the main rules of such a game is the understanding of conditions of a cer

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Besson, Mireille, Marta Kutas, and Cyma Van Petten. "An Event-Related Potential (ERP) Analysis of Semantic Congruity and Repetition Effects in Sentences." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 4, no. 2 (1992): 132–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.1992.4.2.132.

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In two experiments, event-related brain potentials (ERPs) and cued-recall performance measures were used to examine the consequences of semantic congruity and repetition on the processing of words in sentences. A set of sentences, half of which ended with words that rendered them semantically incongruous, was repeated either once (eg, Experiment 1) or twice (e.g., Experiment 2). After each block of sentences, subjects were given all of the sentences and asked to recall the missing final words. Repetition benefited the recall of both congruous and incongruous endings and reduced the amplitude a

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Vengranovich, Marina A. "The rhetorical potential of the folklore word." Neophilology, no. 2 (2023): 249–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-6953-2023-9-2-249-256.

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The study is devoted to the analysis of a whole complex of factors that determine the formation of the rhetorical properties of a folklore word as a key component of a traditional folklore text. The relevance of the study is seen in the existing discrepancy between the stable nature of the folklore word as a unit of traditional culture and its resonant power, which causes emotional responsiveness of the audience and provides the rhetorical potential of the word in folk culture, which requires scientific understanding. In the course of the study, significant factors influencing the formation of

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33

Eckstein, Korinna, and Angela D. Friederici. "It's Early: Event-related Potential Evidence for Initial Interaction of Syntax and Prosody in Speech Comprehension." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 18, no. 10 (2006): 1696–711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2006.18.10.1696.

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Psycholinguistic theories assume an interaction between prosody and syntax during language processing. Based on studies using mostly off-line methods, it is unclear whether an interaction occurs at later or initial processing stages. Using event-related potentials, the present study provides neurophysiological evidence for a prosody and syntax interaction in initial processing. The sentence material contained mere prosodic and syntactic as well as combined prosodic-syntactic violations. For the syntax violation, the critical word appeared after a preposition. The suffix of the critical word ei

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34

Khakieva, Z. U., and S.-Kh Kh Usumov. "WORD-FORMATION POTENTIAL OF BIOLOGICAL TERMS." BULLETIN OF CHECHEN STATE PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY Series 1. Humane and Social Sciences 48, no. 4 (2024): 114–21. https://doi.org/10.54351/25876074-2024-4-48-114.

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The article deals with biological terms from the point of view of their semantic component. Terminology reflects the specificity of a particular science and the terminological structure is the most universal expression of the corresponding scientific conceptual system. The main extra-linguistic factor in the development of the biological term system is, first of all, the level of development of the science of biology, because the process of its evolution correlates with the evolution of the field of biology itself. Terms within the biology term system arise as a consequence of the terminologis

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35

Rudell, Alan P., and Jian Hua. "The Recognition Potential and Word Priming." International Journal of Neuroscience 87, no. 3-4 (1996): 225–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00207459609070841.

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36

Hutsulyak, Tetiana. "The significance of dialectal lexicography for disclosure and description of the associative word-forming potential of noun stems." Linguistics, no. 1 (47) (2023): 5–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/2227-2631-2023-1-47-5-24.

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This research reveals the important role of dialectal word-formation in realizing the associative word-formation potential of the noun stems of the Ukrainian language. The importance of dialectal dictionary materials for establishing synonymous word-formation models inherent in figurative derivation is emphasized. This approach helps to show as fully as possible the potentialities of the Ukrainian language in the formation of word-forming synonyms. Figurative derivatives, evidenced by dialectal word-formation, are an integral part of lexical units that help to most completely describe the syst

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Sandbank, Micheal, Paul Yoder, and Alexandra P. Key. "Word Processing in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders: Evidence From Event-Related Potentials." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 60, no. 12 (2017): 3441–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2017_jslhr-s-17-0011.

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Purpose This investigation was conducted to determine whether young children with autism spectrum disorders exhibited a canonical neural response to word stimuli and whether putative event-related potential (ERP) measures of word processing were correlated with a concurrent measure of receptive language. Additional exploratory analyses were used to examine whether the magnitude of the association between ERP measures of word processing and receptive language varied as a function of the number of word stimuli the participants reportedly understood. Method Auditory ERPs were recorded in response

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Connolly, John F., and Natalie A. Phillips. "Event-Related Potential Components Reflect Phonological and Semantic Processing of the Terminal Word of Spoken Sentences." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 6, no. 3 (1994): 256–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.1994.6.3.256.

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An event-related brain potential (ERP) reflecting the acoustic-phonetic process in the phonological stage of word processing was recorded to the terminal words of spoken sentences. The peak latency of this negative-going response occurred between 270 and 300 msec after the onset of the terminal word. The independence of this response (the phonological mismatch negativity, PMN) from the ERP component known to be sensitive to semantic violations (N400) was demonstrated by manipulating sentence endings so that phonemic and semantic violations occurred together or separately. Four conditions used

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Malkerova, M. A. "Lexicographic Representation of the Word Bible and Its Word-Building Potential." Prepodavatel XXI vek, no. 1-2 (2022): 296–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.31862/2073-9613-2022-1-296-303.

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Watkins, Ruth V., and Laura S. DeThorne. "ASSESSING CHILDREN'S VOCABULARY SKILLS: FROM WORD KNOWLEDGE TO WORD-LEARNING POTENTIAL." Seminars in Speech and Language 21, no. 03 (2000): 235–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2000-13197.

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Kazlauskienė, Asta. "The Clitics in Standard Lithuanian." Respectus Philologicus 27, no. 32 (2015): 187–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/respectus.2015.27.32.18.

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A Lithuanian word is quite an autonomous prosodic unit. Nevertheless, in some cases a word loses stress, connects to an adjacent word, and becomes a part of a succeeding or preceding word. The aim of this research is to establish and describe the prosodic autonomy of the Lithuanian language word and its determinants.The database for this analysis consists of some audio recordings of novels, which were used in this study (11 h 20 min, 22 speakers). A computational programme was designed by Prof. Dr. G. Raškinis.The empirical data showed that the words with clitics comprise about ¼ of all the wo

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Zhao, Pei, Jing Zhao, Xuchu Weng, and Su Li. "Event-related potential evidence in Chinese children." International Journal of Behavioral Development 42, no. 3 (2017): 311–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025417708341.

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Visual word N170 is an index of perceptual expertise for visual words across different writing systems. Recent developmental studies have shown the early emergence of visual word N170 and its close association with individual’s reading ability. In the current study, we investigated whether fine-tuning N170 for Chinese characters could emerge after short-term literacy learning in young pre-literate children. Two groups of Chinese preschool children were trained for visual identification and free writing respectively. Results showed that visual identification learning led to enhanced N170 sensit

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Holcomb, Phillip J., and Jonathan Grainger. "On the Time Course of Visual Word Recognition: An Event-related Potential Investigation using Masked Repetition Priming." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 18, no. 10 (2006): 1631–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2006.18.10.1631.

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The present study used event-related potentials (ERPs) to examine the time course of visual word recognition using a masked repetition priming paradigm. Participants monitored target words for occasional animal names, and ERPs were recorded to nonanimal critical items that were full repetitions, partial repetitions, or unrelated to the immediately preceding masked prime word. The results showed a strong modulation of the N400 and three earlier ERP components (P150, N250, and the P325) that we propose reflect sequential overlapping steps in the processing of printed words.

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Breland, Hunter M. "Word Frequency and Word Difficulty: A Comparison of Counts in Four Corpora." Psychological Science 7, no. 2 (1996): 96–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1996.tb00336.x.

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This article compares word counts made using four different collections of text, including one based on collections of electronic text For each of the collections, standard word frequency indices were computed and compared with a carefully developed list of words ranked in order of difficulty as determined by vocabulary tests Correlations between the word frequency indices and word difficulty ranks show that word frequencies for all four corpora are highly correlated with word difficulty Despite these high correlations, the results show also that the difficulty of some words is not estimated a

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Wangdi, Pema. "What is a word in Brokpa?" Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 44, no. 2 (2021): 255–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ltba.19019.wan.

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Abstract This paper investigates the structure of phonological word and grammatical word in Brokpa, a Tibeto-Burman (Trans-Himalayan) language of Bhutan. Defining features of a phonological word include stress, tone, and segmental properties. A grammatical word is defined based on conventionalized coherence and meaning, fixed order of morphemes, and its behaviour in relation to derivational and inflectional marking. Grammatical and phonological words in Brokpa coincide in most instances. Typical mismatches include words involving non-cohering compounds and non-cohering reduplication. A formal

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Carreiras, Manuel, Marta Vergara, and Horacio Barber. "Early Event-related Potential Effects of Syllabic Processing during Visual Word Recognition." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 17, no. 11 (2005): 1803–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089892905774589217.

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A number of behavioral studies have suggested that syllables might play an important role in visual word recognition in some languages. We report two event-related potential (ERP) experiments using a new paradigm showing that syllabic units modulate early ERP components. In Experiment 1, words and pseudowords were presented visually and colored so that there was a match or a mismatch between the syllable boundaries and the color boundaries. The results showed color-syllable congruency effects in the time window of the P200. Lexicality modulated the N400 amplitude, but no effects of this variab

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Batterink, Laura, and Helen Neville. "Implicit and Explicit Mechanisms of Word Learning in a Narrative Context: An Event-related Potential Study." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 23, no. 11 (2011): 3181–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00013.

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The vast majority of word meanings are learned simply by extracting them from context rather than by rote memorization or explicit instruction. Although this skill is remarkable, little is known about the brain mechanisms involved. In the present study, ERPs were recorded as participants read stories in which pseudowords were presented multiple times, embedded in consistent, meaningful contexts (referred to as meaning condition, M+) or inconsistent, meaningless contexts (M−). Word learning was then assessed implicitly using a lexical decision task and explicitly through recall and recognition

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Li, Li, Meng Fan, Bing Sun, Ruiming Wang, Lei Mo, and John Xuexin Zhang. "Non-Target Language Processing in Chinese-English Bilinguals: A Study of Event-Related Potential." Psychological Reports 110, no. 3 (2012): 935–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/10.11.17.21.pr0.110.3.935-945.

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The event-related brain potential (ERP) technique was used to investigate the neural mechanism of non-target language processing in Chinese-English bilinguals. Participants were presented with a mixed list of Chinese and English words and required to make conceptual decisions for words in one language and ignore words in the other non-target language. Regardless of whether the non-target word was in Chinese or English, the ERPs they elicited were modulated by word frequency, suggesting that their meaning had been accessed. The N400 peak was delayed in the English as the non-target language con

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Krasnova, Elena. "Word formation potential of words relating to upper body in Danish." Scandinavian Philology 19, no. 2 (2021): 255–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu21.2021.203.

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Somatisms, or names of human body parts, are the oldest and most important components of the linguistic “picture of the world” of any nation. People have always had associations with something directly related to them and that they are familiar with — parts of the body. The most frequently used somatisms related to the upper body (head) were chosen as material for this study: hoved ‘head’, næse ‘nose’, mund ‘mouth’, nakke ‘back of the head’, hals ‘neck’, pande ‘forehead’, øje ‘eye’, øre ‘ear’. Since isolated somatisms act as independent units only in some specific contexts, the study also incl

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SEMENOVSKAYA, S. A. "THE DYNAMICS OF SCIENTIFIC DESCRIPTION OF INDIVIDUALLY COINED AUTHOR’S NEOLOGISMS: FROM ‘VIOLATING’ THE LANGUAGE SYSTEM TO REALIZING ITS POTENTIAL." Lomonosov Journal of Philology, no. 2, 2024 (June 16, 2024): 202–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.55959/msu0130-0075-9-2024-47-02-14.

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The description of author’s neologisms (occasional words) by linguistics demonstrates the dynamics of their scientific understanding: initially perceived as ‘violators’ of language standards, they eventually acquire the status of speech units that reveal the potential of the linguistic word-formation subsystem. In this regard, the canonical markers of occasionalisms need to be reconsidered. The most complicated marker of the author’s neologism is non-normativity: the very fact of its occurrence or inconsistency (structural or semantic) with the language word-formation standards could be consid

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