Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Potentiel évoqué somesthésique'
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Cartry, Odile. "Apport des nouvelles techniques, potentiels évoqués somesthésiques précoces et imagerie par résonance magnétique, dans l'étude de la colonne cervicale de la polyarthrite rhumatoïde : à propos d'une étude personnelle concernant 37 patients atteints de polyarthrite rhumatoïde." Saint-Etienne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993STET6419.
Full textSangari, Sina. "Atteintes sensorimotrices dans la sclérose latérale amyotrophique chez l'homme." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066302/document.
Full textAmyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis is an adulthood neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of motor neurons. Considered as a purely motor pathways disease, some investigations brought evidences for early and parallel sensory pathway impairments and for interneuron impairments that could precede and lead to motor neuron hyperexcitation. Although motoneuron activity is closely associated to sensory afferents and interneurons, their effects onto motoneuron excitation and their involvement in impairment spreading have not been studied yet. The aim of this thesis was on one hand, to confirm and characterize anatomically and functionally sensory impairment at spinal and cortical level in patients at the early stage of the disease and, on the other hand, to assess effects induced by these inputs onto motoneuron activity and through cervical and lumbar interneurons. Research project originality was to focus on proximal muscles clinically unaffected of which « presymptomatic » motoneurons receive sensory inputs from distal muscles clinically affected. We showed that: 1) despite their reduction, sensory inputs induce an hyperexcitation of motoneurons; 2) excitability and state of these motoneuron pools are normal through corticospinal afferents but are hyperexcited by peripheral afferents; 3) activity of cervical and lumbar propriospinal system and recurrent inhibition are reinforced
Albert, Didier. "Rachis cervical rhumatoi͏̈de et potentiels évoqués somesthésiques dynamiques." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR23051.
Full textMorrier, Yves. "Rachis cervical rhumatoi͏̈de et potentiels évoqués moteurs et somesthésiques des membres inférieurs." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR23102.
Full textLafrenière, Lucie. "Étude ontogénétique des potentiels évoqués somesthésiques précoces chez l'enfant normal." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1990. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5434/1/000586650.pdf.
Full textMarchand, Serge. "L'effet de l'analgésie fonctionnelle sur l'amplitude des potentiels évoqués somesthésiques." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1986. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5852/1/000556080.pdf.
Full textForest, Luc. "Aspects des potentiels évoqués somesthésiques précoces chez l'agénésique du corps calleux." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1989. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5613/1/000577609.pdf.
Full textParain, Dominique. "Analyse des potentiels évoqués somesthésiques à l'aide de la double transformation de Karhunen-Loeve." Rouen, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ROUES045.
Full textIbañez, Vicente. "Apport des potentiels évoqués précoces à l'évaluation de la transmission centrale des signaux somesthésiques : données normatives et applications cliniques." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO1T146.
Full textGagnard-Landra, Corine. "Les potentiels évoqués somesthésiques par stimulation dermatomale : étude sur de sujets normaux et applications à la pathologie." Montpellier 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON1T024.
Full textCebolla, Ana Maria. "The N30 component of the somatosensory evoked potentials: a new tool for EEG dynamic exploration of human brain in space." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210020.
Full textSomatosensory evoked potentials are robust indicators of the afferent information at cortical level. In particular, the frontal N30 component of SEP can serve as a reliable physiological index of the dopaminergic motor pathway (Insola et al. 1999, Pierantozzi et al. 1999). Its properties in sensory-motor gating and cognitive processes make its fine analysis particularly interesting. The physiological interpretation and the origin of the frontal N30 are still debated (Allison et al. 1991, Cheron et al. 1994, Karnovsky et al. 1997, Balzamo et al. 2004, Barba et al. 2005).
In this thesis we have investigated the mechanisms generating the N30 SEP component produced by electrical stimulation at median nerve at wrist, with reference to the current questioning of the additive and oscillatory models of the ERP (Sayers et al. 1974; Basar et al. 1980).
We have applied analysis of the spectral content of neuronal oscillatory activity recorded in electroencephalographic (EEG) in order to study of dynamic brain processing underlying the N30 component. Concretely for studying whether the occurrence of the N30 related input induce amplitude modulation and/or reorganization of EEG rhythms we have analyzed separately power perturbation and phase synchrony of single EEG oscillations trials by means of event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) and intertrial coherence (ITC) measurements. In addition, in order to model brain localizations of phase synchrony and power enhancement and to compare them to model localization of the N30 SEP we used swLORETA, a distributive method of source analysis.
We have demonstrated that:
(1) Ongoing EEG signals contribute to the generation of the N30 component (Cheron et al. 2007).
(2) Dynamics of ongoing EEG signals underlie the specific behavior of the N30 during gating produced by movement execution (Cebolla et al. 2009).
(3) Localization of brain sources generating the N30 SEP component overlaps those generating beta-gamma ongoing oscillations at the same short latency (Cebolla et al. 2010).
Additionally the work developed during this thesis has served to develop a comprehensive, pragmatic paradigm to identify, evaluate and understand the somatosensory alterations in defined contexts, as illustrated by our recent work on perturbations and adaptations in astronauts over long term microgravity stay. We think that addressing this topic is essential in order to optimize and objectively evaluate adaptation to microgravity. We therefore proposed a detailed project to European Space Agency entitled “The frontal N30 somatosensory evoked potential for the study of sensory-motor and cognitive adaptations in weightlessness: NeuroSEP” (ILSRA 2009) in which we also proposed direct applications for quality of life aboard International Space Station, for the medical field and industry.
Doctorat en Sciences de la motricité
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Pinto, Xavier. "Potentiels évoqués somesthésiques et anesthésie totale intraveineuse sous propofol : comparaison des effets de l'alfentanil et du sufentanil sur les potentiels évoqués du nerf tibial postérieur." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR23011.
Full textFrot, Maud Gaëlle. "Réponses nociceptives et somesthésiques des cortex operculaire supra-sylvien et insulaire chez l'homme : étude électrophysiologique par enregistrements intra-cérébraux." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO1T028.
Full textReyns, Nicolas. "Rôle du cortex moteur dans la modulation des afférences somesthésiques : modèle de la stimulation électrique du cortex moteur." Lille 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL2S022.
Full textReyns, Nicolas. "ROLE DU CORTEX MOTEUR DANS LA MODULATION DES AFFERENCES SOMESTHESIQUES. MODELE DE LA STIMULATION ELECTRIQUE DU CORTEX MOTEUR." Phd thesis, Université du Droit et de la Santé - Lille II, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00440877.
Full textCloutier, Christian. "Mécanismes physiologiques de la neuromodulation épidurale par la stimulation des cordons postérieures (SCP) : spinal, supraspinal ou les deux?" Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6286.
Full textEl, Mendili Mohamed-Mounir. "Analysis of the structural integrity of the spinal cord in motor neuron diseases using a multi-parametric MRI approach." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066575/document.
Full textDegenerative motor neuron diseases (MND) are characterized by a progressive dysfunction and loss of ventral horn motor neurons of the spinal grey matter. Beyond this common anatomical susceptibility, which is responsible for a progressive and diffuse weakness, other neurological systems are also impaired. The corticospinal tract (CST) degeneration is a classical feature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), which is the most common adult onset motor neuron disease, but a more widespread multisystem involvement is now well recognized. In particular, early sensory system involvement has been demonstrated in animal models of ALS and also of survival motor neuron 1 gene linked spinal muscular atrophy (SMN1-linked SMA). In human patients, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as the most powerful approach at the brain level to extract quantitative data on neuronal loss, axonal degeneration and demyelination in degenerative conditions. Studies at the spinal cord levels are scarce mainly because of technical and methodological difficulties. The objective of the present thesis project was to use a multi-parametric MRI approach at the spinal cord level to analyze grey and white matter structures that are impaired in two most common MND, i.e. ALS and SMN1-linked SMA, their temporal alterations during the disease course and the functional correlates, as assessed by clinical and electrophysiological examinations
Frak, Victor. "Etude de l'onde P300 somesthésique chez deux malades atteints d'asymbolie à la douleur." Mémoire, 1991. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2996/1/Frak.PDF.
Full textArsenault, Marianne. "Étude des mécanismes psychophysiologiques de la modulation volontaire de la douleur par le biofeedback et la respiration." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9875.
Full textAlthough pain is a universal subjective expérience, the way of perceiving and interpreting it is modulated by multiple factors. Several cognitive interventions have proven effective in reducing pain in clinical and experimental conditions. This thesis will focus particularly on psychophysiological mechanisms involved in voluntary strategies of pain modulation. These strategies are relevant because they encourage an individual who suffers from pain conditions, to play an active role in the regulation of pain. The first study examines the effectiveness of biofeedback as a means of voluntary modulation of pain. This allows to determine whether to provide feedback to the amplitude of the RIII-reflex (evoked by electrical stimulation of the sural nerve) during a training induces the participant to adopt strategies for pain modulation and voluntarily activate descending inhibitory control mechanisms of pain. In order to specifically evaluate the changes induced by biofeedback, RIII reflex modulation and pain was compared in three groups (valid biofeedback, sham biofeedback and control group without feedback). In all three groups, participants were encouraged to use cognitive strategies of pain (attention, modulation of breathing, mental imagery and cognitive reappraisal) to increase or decrease their RIII reflex compared to their baseline. The results of our study indicate that the three groups were able to modulate their RIII reflex (p<0.001) as well as their pain évaluation (p<0.001) (intensity and unpleasantness). Biofeedback training was not required to obtain a modulation of the RIII-reflex and pain, suggesting that the use of these strategies may be sufficient to trigger mechanisms of pain control. The second study was interested in the influence of respiratory frequency and phase on spinal nociception, brain activity and perception of pain. Voluntary control of breathing is a common means of regulating emotions, and is frequently used in combination with other techniques (eg, relaxation, meditation) in order to regulate pain. Participants were asked to synchronize their breathing on the cues indicating the time of inspiration and expiration. Three breathing patterns were proposed (breathing at 0.1 Hz with 4 seconds inspiration, breathing at 0.1 Hz with 2 seconds inspiration and breathing at 0.2 Hz with 2 seconds inspiration). Half of stimuli were given during inspiration and the other half during expiration. To assess the effect of these manipulations, the amplitude of the RIII, the subjective evaluation of pain intensity and anxiety elicited by the shock and evoked potentials were measured. The results of this study demonstrate that pain intensity was not affected by the respiratory pattern (p = 0.3), but was statistically lower during inspiration compared to expiration (p = 0.02). A phase effect (p = 0.03) was also observed on evoked potentials during the breathing pattern 0.1 Hz with 2 seconds inspiration compared to the breathing pattern at 0.2 Hz. However, the amplitude of the RIII reflex was increased during inspiration (p = 0.02) compared to expiration. These results show that the manipulation of phase and frequency with paced respiration has a marginal effect on pain and anxiety ratings, as well as on brain activity and spinal nociception evoked by painful electrical stimulation. This suggests that other mechanisms contribute to the analgesic effects of relaxation and meditation. More broadly, our results indicate the need for further studies with more rigorous methodology to control for nonspecific treatment effects evaluated. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying each strategy would allow a better selection of the treatment as a function of individual differences and cost-benefit ratio associated to each treatment.