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Academic literature on the topic 'Potentiel membranaire de repos'
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Journal articles on the topic "Potentiel membranaire de repos"
Lavoie, Michel, Peter G. C. Campbell, and Claude Fortin. "Importance de mieux connaître les mécanismes de transport des métaux pour la prédiction de l’accumulation et de la toxicité des métaux dissous chez le phytoplancton : récentes avancées et défis pour le développement du modèle du ligand biotique." Revue des sciences de l’eau 29, no. 2 (June 6, 2016): 119–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1036544ar.
Full textLARZUL, C., P. E ROY, G. MONIN, and P. SELLIER. "Variabilité génétique du potentiel glycolytique du muscle chez le porc." INRAE Productions Animales 11, no. 3 (June 3, 1998): 183–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.1998.11.3.3937.
Full textLambert, RC, N. Leresche, A. Kozlov, J. Hering, Y. Maulet, S. Richard, JL Bossu, and A. Feltz. "Les entrées de calcium au voisinage du potentiel de repos : un rôle sur mesure pour les canaux T dans de multiples fonctions." médecine/sciences 17, no. 10 (2001): 989. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/10608/1812.
Full textPortal, Benjamin, and Bruno P. Guiard. "Rôle des connexines astrocytaires dans la régulation des taux extracellulaires de glutamate : implication pour le traitement des épisodes dépressifs majeurs." Biologie Aujourd’hui 214, no. 3-4 (2020): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jbio/2020008.
Full textALLAOUI, Amine, Khadidja ZOUD, Moncef NASRI, and Ahmed BOUALGA. "Antioxidant properties of ultrafiltration membrane fractions obtained from fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) proteins hydrolysates." Nutrition & Santé 07, no. 02 (January 31, 2019): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.30952/ns.7.2.5.
Full textPuiggali, Monique, M. Cid, H. Fatmaoui, and M. C. Petit. "Influence de la Preparation de la Surface des Aciers Inoxydables sur le Potentiel de Repos et sur le Comportement du Film Passif, en Milieu Chlorure Chaud." Materials Science Forum 8 (January 1986): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.8.133.
Full textTrouvé, E., and S. Belloir. "Un procédé de fractionnement innovant au coeur du développement des stations d’épuration durables de demain." Techniques Sciences Méthodes, no. 4 (April 2019): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/tsm/201904037.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Potentiel membranaire de repos"
Dweik, Jalal. "Modélisation moléculaire du transfert membranaire." Montpellier 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON20188.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to better understand the physical and physicochemical phenomena involved in nano-confined aqueous solutions, especially the role of "solute-solute" and "solute-interface" interactions within nanopores. By a fundamental approach based on the meso- macroscopic physics of fluids, we study the ionic transport across the membrane pores using the “space charge model”. This model based on the nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann “mean field theory”, takes into account the electrostatic interactions between the membrane and ions in solution. Understanding of Ionic transport and selectivity across nanofiltration membranes is only partial at this level of description. We therefore go beyond the meso and macroscopic approaches by performing "Molecular Dynamics" simulations, a method particularly well adapted to the nanoscale. We focus on a study of “Water/vapour” interfaces and “Water/nanopore” systems, more particularly effects due to the specific characteristics of molecules and ions: size, charge, polarizability. We study the distribution of the ions and molecules and their correlations/fluctuations. Our simulations reveal the important role played by atomic and ionic polarizability on the distribution of ions in aqueous solutions near interfaces and in nanopores. This effect may be at the origin of the filtration selectivity of nanoporous membranes for ions of the same charge valence and therefore must be better understood before being reliably integrated into mesoscopic theories of membrane transport
Galizzi, Jean-Pierre. "Propriétés pharmacologiques et structurales du canal calcium lent dépendant du potentiel membranaire du muscle squelettique de mammifère." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37597729d.
Full textGalizzi, Jean-Pierre. "Propriétés pharmacologiques et structurales du canal calcium lent dépendant du potentiel membranaire du muscle squelettique de mammifere." Nice, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NICE4021.
Full textSusa, Isabella. "Modélisation mathématique des oscillations en salves du potentiel membranaire dans les neurones et les cellules [beta] pancréatiques." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10216.
Full textRoussel, Céline. "Etude du rôle des chélateurs calciques sur les oscillations du potentiel membranaire neuronal: approche expérimentale et théorique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210854.
Full textAu niveau théorique, nous avons élaboré un modèle mathématique de l’activité électrique du grain cérébelleux, prenant en compte la chélation du calcium intracellulaire. Il permet de clarifier le rôle de la chélation du calcium intracellulaire sur les oscillations du potentiel membranaire. La modélisation de l’activité électrique du grain cérébelleux repose sur le formalisme développé par Hodgkin et Huxley pour l’axone géant de calmar. Dans ce contexte, l’application de la conservation de la charge au circuit équivalent de la membrane cellulaire fournit un système d’équations différentielles ordinaires, non linéaires. Dès lors, notre modèle nous a permis d’étudier l’impact des variations de la concentration de chélateur calcique sur les oscillations du potentiel membranaire. Nous avons ainsi pu constater qu’une diminution de la concentration en chélateur calcique induisait une augmentation de l’excitabilité électrique du grain cérébelleux, sans altérer le régime d’oscillations. Par contre, en augmentant fortement la concentration en chélateur calcique, nous avons montré que le grain cérébelleux changeait de dynamique oscillatoire, montrant des transitions d’un mode de décharge périodique régulier vers des oscillations en salve du potentiel membranaire.
Au niveau expérimental, nous avons vérifié les résultats prévus par le modèle théorique. Nous avons ainsi montré que des grains de souris transgéniques déficientes en calrétinine présentaient une excitabilité électrique accrue par rapport aux grains contrôles.
Puis, en restaurant un niveau de chélation calcique normal dans ces grains, par perfusion intracellulaire de chélateur calcique, nous montrons qu’ils retrouvent un niveau d’excitabilité normal. Ensuite, nous avons introduit dans des grains cérébelleux de souris sauvages, une forte concentration en chélateur calcique exogène. Conformément aux résultats théoriques, nous avons pu observer des transitions vers des oscillations en salve du potentiel membranaire. Enfin, nous avons montré que l’absence de calrétinine affecte les paramètres morphologiques du grain cérébelleux des souris transgéniques déficientes en calrétinine.
En conclusion, ces résultats suggèrent que le mode de décharge des cellules excitables peut être modulé d’une façon importante par les protéines liant le calcium. De ce fait, des changements dans le niveau d’expression et/ou dans la localisation subcellulaire des protéines liant le calcium pourraient aussi jouer un rôle critique dans la régulation de processus physiologiques contrôlés par l’excitabilité membranaire. De plus, les mécanismes que nous avons mis en évidence pourraient être à l’origine d’un nouveau principe de régulation de la signalisation dans les circuits neuronaux et pourraient jouer un rôle fonctionnel dans le contrôle du codage de l’information et de son stockage dans le système nerveux central.
Doctorat en sciences, Spécialisation physique
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Abderemane-Ali, Fayal. "Étude de la régulation des canaux ioniques par le potentiel membranaire et le PIP2 : vers une nouvelle approche thérapeutique ?" Nantes, 2013. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=09a26491-3518-4274-aef2-4b60dc598eea.
Full textVoltage-dependent ion channels are plasma membrane proteins allowing ionic exchanges between cells and their environment. These proteins regulate the passage of ions such as potassium, sodium and calcium, and are responsible of the electrical activity in the heart, the squeletal muscles and the brain. The activity of these ion channels is regulated by the membrane potential as well as extracellular, cytosolic or membrane compounds such as the phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate (PIP2). Impaired regulation of these channels triggers cardiac, muscular or neuronal pathologies called channelopathies, whose treatments are limited by their low specificity. Discovery of efficient and more specific pharmacological tools against these channelopathies requires a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying ion channels regulation. Consequently, my thesis researches were focused on three main projects: 1) the study of the molecular mechanisms underlying voltage-gated potassium channels regulation by PIP2 and 2) the study of the mechanisms of the cardiac potassium channel KCNQ1 voltage dependency. In this second project, we established a new molecular model of KCNQ1 regulation by the membrane potential, allowing us to generate KCNQ1-specific modulator peptides (activators and inhibitors). Consequently, I was interested to study (3) if this new model applies to other ion channels such as the muscular sodium channel Nav1. 4, in order to generate specific modulator peptides for these channels. In order to improve the potency of these modulator peptides, the structural bases of peptidechannel interaction are under investigations. In short, these studies on the mechanisms of ion channels regulation by PIP2 and by the membrane potential provide both basic and therapeutic insights
Teychené, Benoît. "Rôle des nanoparticules organiques dans le colmatage membranaire : application au traitement d'eaux usées urbaines par biopéacteur à membranes." Toulouse, INSA, 2008. http://eprint.insa-toulouse.fr/archive/00000256/.
Full textDirect treatment of activated sludge in membrane bioreactor frequently results in low net fluxes and frequent maintenance operations. The water separation by membrane is largely determined by the quality of the activated sludge (AS) and by the mechanisms involved in fouling. Many research studies have focused on the understanding of fouling mechanisms and on the development of processes to reduce fouling in order to achieve a stable operation. This thesis investigates the role of fine “inert” particles (melamine and latex) on structuration of a fouling layer formed during membrane filtration of waters rich in natural organic matters (waste waters). Two cases were investigated: (i) the fine particles were mixed with AS supernatant and then filtered on a virgin microfiltration membrane. And secondly (ii) filtration was performed on a dynamic filter previously made of the fine particles. In order to characterise fouling layer properties during filtration a new experimental method was developed by measuring the electrical potential across the membrane as an in situ measurement. Results emphasized the important role in reversible fouling of macromolecular proteins present in the biopolymer of the water phase of the sludge. It was found that fouling layer induced by these macromolecules is highly compressible. Moreover results show that the addition of particles into biofluid diminishes the fouling layer compressibility and improve its removal by backwash. It was found that OM fouling resistance increase when latex particles are present whereas the resistances are lower when melamine is added. Thus even small interactions (small compared to classical adsorbent particles such as activated carbon) between particles and OM can improve the filterability of the biofluids. Results show that melamine particles are more prone to interact with organic matter than latex, and lead to less flux decline. However dynamic filter made of melamine leads to more flux decline and compressible organic matter layer but is easily removable. Add to this the measurement of electrical potential during fouling layer formation show, in simple case (filtration of fine particles alone), the possibility to characterise fouling layer properties in terms of surface charge and thickness
Dahdouh, Layal. "Contribution à la compréhension du colmatage membranaire lors de la microfiltration de jus de fruits : identification de leur potentiel colmatant." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS016.
Full textMicrofiltration is a pressure driven process successfully used to clarify and stabilize fruit juices or to concentrate their pulpy fraction. However, membrane fouling remains the critical factor governing the overall economic productivity of this process. Even if, many studies have been made to understand and limit membrane fouling, to date, there stills a lack of predicting tools to evaluate the filterability of fruit juices. However, it is interesting to develop practical and efficient tools for the prediction of fruit juices filterability in order to adapt and optimize filtration conditions to the fouling behavior of the filtered juice. In this respect, this study focused on the identification of new criteria of fruit juices filterability through the comprehension and the characterization of the potential fouling mechanisms.First, orange juice was chosen as test matrix and a statistical approach was used to select simple and relevant physico-chemical characteristics of this juice in relation with its filterability, namely dry matter, TSS, pH, conductivity, and particles size. Later, additional experimental strategies based on filtration tests at lab-scale were developed to identify the relevant size-classes of foulant compounds and related fouling mechanisms. These innovative strategies allowed studying the fouling potential of orange juice with the consideration of its complexity and proposing cartographies of foulant compounds. These cartographies are particularly interesting to anticipate the fouling behavior of fruit juices without any costly filtration operation at large scale. Moreover, results showed that external fouling seems to be the predominant fouling mechanism governing the overall membrane fouling during orange juice filtration. Finally, the aim of the last part of the work was to highlight the role of the complex and heterogeneous nature of fruit juices in their unexpected behavior during their filtration. For this purpose, the viscoelastic behavior of orange juice suspended solids during their concentration was obtained from rheological measurements in dynamic mode coupled with specific isolation of orange juice foulant fractions. Results showed that the energy of the interactions between juice particles increased as the suspended solids concentration increased and depends on the particles size. Furthermore, the solid-like behavior of the juice was enhanced by the presence of supra-colloids and large particles. These observations are in accordance with the predominant fouling mechanism that is due to the accumulation of these fruit fractions on the membrane surface. The confrontation of new filterability studies at laboratory scale with the performance of large-scale filtration will enable to generalize the proposed strategies to predict the performance of filtration of new fruit juices
Boedec, Arthur. "Traitement d'effluents polysiloxaniques dans des matrices aqueuses salines : potentiel de la nanofiltration et de l'oxydation biologique." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30040/document.
Full textIndustrial production of silicones generates liquid streams containing siloxanes with high salinity. In a perspective of sustainable development and to consider the growing concern about the environmental impact of industrial residues, we are looking for treatment processes to remove siloxanes in wastewater. This study aims to evaluate the performance of two processes for the treatment of effluents containing siloxanes: nanofiltration and biological oxidation, Frontal nanofiltration experiments were carried out. Firstly, experiments with synthetic solutions (mix of water and siloxanes) have shown almost total siloxane retention in all conditions investigated. Then, experiments were performed with effluents of different compositions representative of industrial ones in order to evaluate the process robustness. It was concluded that nanofiltration is efficient to reduce the total organic content of the effluent and significantly reduces siloxanes concentration. Dilution of the effluent causes a decrease in TOC reduction and siloxanes retention, but the permeate quality is improved. Increasing salinity reduces the filtrate quality. Micro and ultrafiltration of identical effluents confirmed that only NF can reach a high level of siloxane retention. Tangential nanofiltration experiences were performed in order to prepare a more complete study which is necessary to anticipate industrialization of the process. Siloxanes biodegradability was explored by Oxitop method. No biological activity induced by siloxanes was recorded in Oxitop tests with activated sludge from wastewater treatment plant, but no toxic or inhibitory effects were observed. A pilot membrane bioreactor was fed in the laboratory for 6 months with a solution containing siloxanes to try to acclimate activated sludge to siloxane. Oxitop tests performed with sludge taken from the pilot did not show acclimation of microorganisms to siloxanes
Eynard, Nathalie. "Effets physiologiques et metaboliques de la modulation du potentiel transmembranaire et de l'integrite membranaire electro-induits chez escherichia coli. Application aux mecanismes de l'electrotransformation." Paris 11, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA112074.
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