Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Poudre d'aluminium'
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Bouassida, Slim. "Développement de techniques de pressage de poudre en alliage d'aluminium." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28177/28177.pdf.
Full textGauthier, Gérard. "Etude phénoménologique du frittage d'une poudre agglomérée, le nitrure d'aluminium." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37597811m.
Full textRigondaud, Bernard. "Compression d'une poudre de nitrure d'aluminium : Influence d'une impulsion ultrasonore." Limoges, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIMO4022.
Full textGAUTHIER, GERARD. "Etude phenomenologique du frittage d'une poudre agglomeree : le nitrure d'aluminium." Limoges, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LIMO0009.
Full textOumaloul, Mohamed. "Contribution à l'étude des mécanismes de défloculation d'une poudre céramique : cas de l'alumine et du nitrure d'aluminium." Limoges, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIMO0197.
Full textSappei, Jacques. "Réactivité de poudre d'alumine avec l'ammoniac : application à la synthèse de céramiques contenant de l'oxynitrure d'aluminium gamma." Paris, ENMP, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ENMP0184.
Full textLonnoy, Laurence. "Synthèse et caractérisation physico-chimique de poudres de nitrure d'aluminium." Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10023.
Full textHalem, Nacer. "Oxydation du nickel fritté. Influence de la microstructure et des ajouts d'aluminium." Limoges, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIMO0055.
Full textPorte, Frédéric. "Etude du système halogénures d'aluminium/bases azotées : caractérisation des combinaisons azotées lors de la synthèse du nitrure d'aluminium à partir de la réaction avec les amines." Limoges, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LIMO0052.
Full textPonthieu, Eric. "Synthèse et caractérisation de poudres d'alumine et de nitrure d'aluminium à grains fins." Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10084.
Full textGOUJON, CELINE. "Elaboration par cryobroyage et metallurgie des poudres de nanocomposites a matrice d'alliage d'aluminium renforcee par des particules de nitrure d'aluminium." Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPG4208.
Full textPouget, Michèle. "Les combinaisons azotées de l'aluminium formées par ammoniolyse de précurseurs halogènes lors de la synthèse du nitrure d'aluminuim." Limoges, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIMO0220.
Full textKarbouj, Rim. "Transfert d'aluminium : cas des matériaux pour contact alimentaire." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00294273.
Full textEsposito, Pierre-Henry. "Influence de la texture dans l'oxydation et la combustion des poudres d'aluminium." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0306.
Full textThis thesis deals with aluminum powders used in energetic materials. Thanks to the high-energy planetary ball milling technique, we have synthesized aluminum powders having micrometric or nanometric dimensions. Their texture, thermal behavior, structure and microstructure before and during oxidation were studied. Nanoflakes with similar specific surface areas than commercial spherical powders have been obtained from the optimization of the milling process. We have established reactivity criteria and we show that high-energy ball milling allows the synthesis of powders with a similar or better reactivity than spherical powders. The oxidation mechanism of aluminum powders was also followed with thermogravimetric analysis under air either in isothermal mode or using a controlled reaction rate. The modeling of powders oxidation was carried out using principles of heterogeneous kinetics and show that morphology does not impact the oxidation. Finally, the reactivity of the powders was evaluated thanks to various combustion tests. Propellant formulation and propulsion tests were carried out in collaboration with ONERA. The solid propellant formulation tests were successful, and the engine combustion tests showed a high regression rate for the propellant containing the nanoflakes. The preparation of nanothermites and their combustion tests were conducted at the NS3E laboratory of the franco-german Institute of St. Louis. Al/CuO nanothermites formulations were successfully carried out and combustion tests showed lower regression rates for nanothermites containing nanoflakes. However, they seem slightly desensitized to friction or electrostatic discharge
Ageorges, Hélène. "Synthèse de poudres ultrafines de nitrure d'aluminium dans un four à plasma à arc transféré." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30055.
Full textWalesch, Dieter. "Étude de la mise en suspension de poudres d'aluminium dans un milieu liquide en vue de réaliser des dépôts d'aluminium sur tôles galvanisées." Valenciennes, 1997. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/9a67be5e-54d4-431d-be0f-fe42d2dd61ca.
Full textMillogo, Myriam. "Allumage, combustion et explosion des poudres d'aluminium, de titane et de leurs alliages." Thesis, Orléans, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ORLE2006.
Full textIn recent years, the layer-by-layer manufacturing process seems to be used increasingly amongst the aeronautics, space or defense industries. These Additive Layer Manufacturing processes use metal powders from metallurgical alloys commonly used in the mechanical industry. The EXPAALT project was developed on the problematic of explosion risk around aluminum, titanium and their alloys powders. This thesis is part of this project and aims to contribute on the one hand to the determination of the safety parameters, and on the other hand to the comprehension of combustion mechanisms of these powders. For such, eleven metal powders were selected including four pure powders and seven alloys. Their combustion characteristics were studied in a 20 liter spherical bomb and in a Hartmann tube. In support of these devices, optical diagnostics, in addition to the pressure sensor of 20 liter spherical bomb, such as a two-color IR pyrometer and a UV-Visible spectrometer were used. The combustion mechanisms were interpreted by combining a thermodynamic equilibrium approach with the combustion products characterization. The results obtained in those different experimental configurations showed that pure powders are more sensitive and more severe to explosion than their alloys. In the combustion products analyzes, it is noted the presence of crystallized and amorphous phases witch showed the complexity of the mechanisms formation of combustion products. In all cases, it appears that oxygen and nitrogen are two reactants during combustion, as evidenced by the analysis of the products. The proportion between oxide and nitride is directly controlled by dust concentration. These results provided new information about the combustion of pure powders and their alloys and showed that we need to evolve combustion models
Goeuriot, Dominique. "Réactivité, frittage et caractérisation de céramiques dans les systèmes alumine-oxynitrure d'aluminium gamma et nitrure de bore." Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO19045.
Full textMokhtari, Dolut Ali Réza. "Contribution à l'étude des bandes de cisaillement pour quelque alliages d'aluminium." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112203.
Full textChen, Jianqiang. "Déchirure ductile des tôles en alliages d'aluminium-lithium 2198 pour application aéronautique." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00657028.
Full textBron, Frédéric. "Déchirure ductile des tôles minces en alliage d'aluminium 2024 pour application aéronautique." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00161432.
Full textUn nouveau critère de plasticité anisotrope est spécifiquement développé. Il s'agit d'une extension du critère de Karafillis et Boyce (1993). Le modèle est appliqué à deux nuances dont la teneur en particules intermétalliques est différente. Les paramètres sont ajustés sur de petites éprouvettes pour le matériau à haute pureté. La transférabilité est vérifiée sur les grands panneaux M(T). Le transfert vers le matériau ayant la plus forte teneur en particules intermétalliques est fait en modifiant la taille de maille dans le même rapport que l'espacement inter-particules. Le modèle est utilisé comme un outil numérique afin d'étudier les effets de la loi d'écrouissage, d'une pré-traction ou de l'anisotropie plastique sur la résistance à la propagation de fissure. Il est alors possible de proposer des voies d'amélioration du matériau.
Bron, Frédéric Charles André. "Déchirure ductile des tôles minces en alliage d'aluminium 2024 pour application aéronautique." Paris, ENMP, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ENMP1207.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to develop a finite element simulation of ductile tearing of thin sheets in 2024 aluminum alloy. The method is based on the local approach to fracture. Metallurgical observations indicate two rupture mechanisms. If hydrostatic pressure is high, rupture arises by internal necking. In the opposite case, rupture arises by localization of deformation into a 45 degree slanted band. In Kahn and M(T) cracking samples, rupture mechanisms are identical. The simulations are based on an extension of the Rousselier model which includes the description of plastic anisotropy and void nucleation. A new anisotropic yield function is specifically developed. It is an extension of the yield function of Karafillis and Boyce (1993). The model is applied to two grades which have different volume fractions of intermetallic particles. The parameters are adjusted in the case of the high purity material on small specimens. The transferability is checked on large M(T) panels. The transfer to the material containing the highest amount of intermetallic particles is made by modifying the mesh size according to the ratio of the particle mean spacing. The model is used as a numerical tool to investigate the effects of plastic hardening, prestraining and plastic anisotropy on crack growth resistance. It is then possible to give guidelines for material improvement
Gravier, Pauline. "Fermeture de la porosité dans les tôles fortes d'alliage d'aluminium pour l'aéronautique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAI073.
Full textAluminum thick plates are widely used in aerospace applications to machine structural aircraft elements. During the processing of these thick plates, pores present in ingots after casting are closed thanks to hot rolling. To describe the evolution of porosity during a given hot rolling pass schedule, different numerical models exist. These models are based on simple pore geometry such as spheres or ellipsoids, whereas real shrinkage pores are branched and tortuous. The present work aims at gathering 3D in situ experimental data on real pores during their closure, compare the pore closure to existing models and propose a simple model. In situ uniaxial mechanical test at high temperature were performed under synchrotron X-ray microtomography. It provides 3D view of pores during their deformation. Combined with Digital Volume Correlation, it allows to follow tens of individual pores during their deformation and thus quantify their morphological evolution (volume, shape, orientation) with strain. FEM simulations were used to characterize the corresponding stress paths. FEM simulations of hot rolling were also performed to ensure that local loading paths obtained on samples compatible with X-ray tomography are representative of local loading paths in a rolled plate. This way, a large amount of data on pore shrinkage and growth are accumulated using compression and tension tests. Pore morphology and processing conditions influence are investigated to understand their role in pore closure kinetics. Pore shape is of prime importance, complex branched pores close differently than spherical pores due to their fragmentation during closure. Pore closure is also affected by pore orientation, elongated pores along the loading direction are more difficult to close. Compared to pore morphology, processing conditions such as temperature or compression velocity have a negligible influence. Experimental data also allows to test the different closure models from the literature. It results that accuracy of pore closure model depend on the pore shape and type of loading in terms of triaxiality. A simple model derived from the STB model is proposed and describes better the closure of complex pores compare to existing models in negative triaxiality
Buteri, Aurélien. "Etude de l'endommagement en fatigue d'alliages d'aluminium brasés pour échangeurs thermiques automobiles." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ISAL0077/document.
Full textThe automotive industry, like many other industrial fields, requires the use of heat thermal exchangers to allow optimal thermal service conditions of the engine (around 90°C for a car engine). The exchangers’ reliability has to be guaranteed to avoid a decrease of the engine efficiency or detrimental mechanical damage resulting from too high service temperatures. It is therefore necessary to control the different damage modes of such thermal heat exchangers according to the conditions of use. Thanks to their good thermal, corrosion and mechanical properties, aluminium alloys have steadily replaced copper alloys and brass for manufacturing heat exchangers in cars or trucks. Such components have been constantly optimized in terms of exchange surface area and, nowadays, this has led to Al components in heat exchangers with a typical thickness of the order of 0.2 to 1.5 mm. With such small thicknesses, the load levels experienced by heat exchangers components has drastically increased leading to an important research effort in order to improve the resistance to damage development during service life. Two industrial materials made of 3 co-rolled aluminium alloys (total thickness 0.27 mm) have been studied. In spite of their small thickness, the materials exhibit a composite structure comprising a core material (3xxx alloy) and 2 clads (4xxx and/or 7xxx alloys according to material configuration: 4xxx/3xxx/4xxx or 4xxx/3xxx/7xxx). The lower melting point 4xxx alloy is used for producing the heat exchanger assembly during a brazing process while the 7xxx alloy improves internal corrosion resistance. Such complex architecture, combined to the severe brazing thermal treatment, leads to important microstructural modifications, mainly characterized by the formation of brazing joints or Clad Solidification Drops (CSD) on the surface. Both of them are responsible for significant gradients of the mechanical properties on the thickness. The present study is based on an original experimental and numerical approach developed to characterise the different fatigue damage mechanisms operating in such thin heterogeneous structures. Digital image correlation (2D-3D) and X-rays tomography (at different resolutions) have been used to analyze the crack initiation and propagation mechanisms, highlighting the impact of each clad on each damage step. While the 4xxx clad corresponds to preferential crack initiation zones, the 7xxx clad seems to affect significantly the crack propagation phase. Finite Elements simulations have been carried out to complete these experimental observations, putting forward an accurate quantification of the surface state influence (through the CSD). All the different results and observations made on fatigue samples with a simplified geometry have been finally confirmed by fatigue tests on thermal exchanger configurations
Chiavazza, Véronique. "Étude des mécanismes réactionnels mis en jeu à la surface des poudres d'alliages d'aluminium au cours du dégazage." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 1987. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00845283.
Full textEmeruwa, Edjikémé. "Compressibilité des poudres : influence de la morphologie des poudres et action d'une impulsion ultrasonore." Limoges, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIMO0069.
Full textBenrefad, Kacem. "Propagation des fissures de fatigue dans des alliages d'aluminium 7475 élaborés par métallurgie des poudres (P/M)." Compiègne, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986COMPE051.
Full textBriez, Louise. "Relations microstructure-propriétés à haute température dans les alliages d'aluminium pour application aéronautique." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEM045/document.
Full textAluminum alloys possess low weight and cost and have a high strength which makes them one of the most used materials in aircraft industry. Their operating temperature is included in the range of – 55 to + 85~°C. Nevertheless, the literature data are lacking for aluminum alloys exposed at temperature significantly higher than 85~°C.The aim of this study is to characterize the microstructural and mechanical properties evolution of aluminum alloys as a function of the time, temperature and load after different times of exposure at temperatures above 85 °C.2024 T3 and T8 and 5086 H111 alumnium alloys were artificially aged at different temperatures in the range of 85 to 250~°C for different durations, comparable to service time, varying from 1 to 10~000~h. Then, the mechanical properties were investigated in regard of the microstructural evolutions.Finally, a microstrure/properties map was obtained in a wide range of temperatures and for short and long durations of aging. Non destructive tests were also carried out in order to detect parts exposed in temperature and assess to their remanent properties
Giba, Alaa Eldin. "Films minces de nitrure d'aluminium dopés par des terres rares pour applications optiques." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0005/document.
Full textThis project is dedicated to study the optical properties of rare earth-doped aluminum nitride thin films. More particularly, the work is oriented to investigate the luminescence mechanisms of selected RE elements incorporated in AlN thin films to be used as a candidate for lighting devices. During this thesis, reactive magnetron sputtering (RMS) technique is used to synthesize the undoped and doped AlN thin films. The technique and films processing are discussed in details. The effect of sputtering conditions on the structure and optical properties of the prepared films are investigated. The correlation between the sputtering conditions, the crystallographic orientation, the morphology, the microstructure and the optical properties are established. The structure and composition analyses of the prepared samples have been investigated by several means, such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS). The optical properties of the films are characterized by UV-Visible transmission, Ellipsometry spectroscopy, and Photoluminescence spectroscopy
Ait, Atmane Yasmine. "Synthèse de nanoparticules d'aluminium et enrobage par des polymères pour des applications énergétiques." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077185.
Full textA chemical synthesis to produce aluminum nanoparticles for energetic applications has been developed and optimized. An aluminum hydride is formed and then catalytically decomposed. It has been shown that it is necessary to work under inert atmosphere to minimize the oxidation state of the particles. The control of the morphology of the particles has been obtained through (i) the control of the nucleation phase by addition of seeds. The particles obtained are less aggregated and much smaller (50nm). (ii) the control of the growth phase by addition of dodecylamine. A complex between A1H3 and the organic agent accompanied by a release of H2 is formed, allowing to obtain more homogeneous particlels, qith a mean diameter of 60nm. However, adsorbed in small quantities at the particle surface, dodecylamine do not allow protecting the powders against ageing (oxidation). The particle's coating by polymers is then realized by different approaches : (i) grafting onto in 1 step, consisting in introducing in sity a preformed polymer ; hybrid particles could be obtained by this strategy but they are very oxidized ; (ii) grafting onto in 2 steps, the particles obtained are smaller and they are not much oxidized, but they are pyrophoric ; (iii) grafting from in 2 steps ; it does not allow a control of the crystellites' size as it is a post-fonctionnalization but it was possible to obtain particles covered by a polymeric coating. The thickness of the coating can be tuned by the polymerization duration. It could permit to passivate the particles
Mattei, Laurent. "Pliabilité des tôles en alliages d'aluminium pour la carrosserie automobile analyse des mécanismes d'endommagement." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00665574.
Full textVizzini, Sébastien. "ELABORATION ET CARACTERISATION D'OXYDES D'ALUMINIUM ULTRA-MINCES POUR UNE APPLICATION AUX JONCTIONS TUNNELS MAGNETIQUES." Phd thesis, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00343700.
Full textCette méthode de fabrication que nous avons baptisée ALDO (Atomic Layer Deposition and Oxidation) consiste à réaliser l'oxyde couche par couche. De façon générale cette méthode consiste à déposer par MBE (molecular Beam Epitaxy) une monocouche atomique de l'élément métallique dont on veut obtenir l'oxyde sur le substrat choisi et ensuite de réaliser une oxydation « douce » à température ambiante par un simple processus de chimisorption de l'oxygène sur la surface. La quantité d'atome d'oxygène étant fixée, l'échantillon est alors recuit dans des conditions de pression ultra-vide (10 - 10T) à des températures intermédiaires. En répétant plusieurs fois ces étapes il est possible de faire croître différentes épaisseurs d'oxyde de façon très contrôlée.
Nous avons étudié la croissance de l'oxyde d'aluminium sur deux substrats différents, un substrat d'argent orienté (111) et un substrat de silicium hydrogéné orienté (100).
L‘étude sur le substrat d'argent a permis la mise au point de la méthode ALDO sur un substrat modèle, que l'on savait peu réactif avec l'oxyde.
Une étude AES/LEED nous a permis, entre autre de calibrer et de contrôler la croissance de l'oxyde ALDO, notamment en fixant les températures de recuit, la pression et le temps d'exposition à l'oxygène.
La combinaison des techniques AES, LEED, EELS, STM, PES, STS a mis en évidence la nature particulière de cet oxyde d'aluminium qui présente une composition, un gap électrique et une morphologie spécifiques.
Les analyses AES ont montré que la signature spectroscopique et la composition de cet oxyde (proche de la composition AlO) sont différentes des couches minces d'alumine de composition Al2O3 largement étudiées par ailleurs. Les mesures de pertes EELS et PES (en rayonnement synchrotron) associées aux mesures STS ont permis de mesurer un gap équivalent aux gaps mesurés dans les films minces d'Al2O3 d'épaisseur équivalente. Le gap mesuré est sur les deux substrats proche de 6,5 et ne varie pas (ou peu) avec les épaisseurs d'oxyde étudiées. L'étude STM nous a permis de vérifier l'homogénéité en épaisseur de cet oxyde avec en particulier la première monocouche d'oxyde qui mouille parfaitement le substrat d'argent. Le caractère très homogène de cet oxyde a été démontré a plusieurs reprises et notamment par l'investigation STM qui nous a permis d'obtenir des images du substrat au travers de l'oxyde et aussi de suivre en direct des processus de diffusion à l'interface de l'argent et de l'oxyde.
L'étude menée sur le substrat de silicium, répondant à un objectif plus appliqué a donné lieu à des résultats encourageants. On a vu que la méthode de réalisation de l'oxyde s'applique très bien pour des substrats de silicium hydrogéné. Le caractère homogène de l'oxyde a été mis en évidence par AFM ou TEM. En effet l'oxyde n'augmente que très peu la rugosité initiale mesurée sur le substrat de silicium et les images TEM présentent une interface silicium oxyde de très grande qualité. On observe que le substrat de silicium, pourtant réactif à l'oxygène, n'est jamais oxydé lors de la croissance de l'oxyde par cette méthode.
Ces couches d'oxyde sont d'une grande stabilité thermique. L'étude menée par AES, SNMS et TEM a montré que les températures de diffusion de métaux ferromagnétiques comme le cobalt dans cet oxyde sont compatibles avec des applications industrielles.
Girard, Sébastien. "Développement d'une machine pour l'étirage à froid de tubes d'aluminium 6063 à épaisseur variable." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27565/27565.pdf.
Full textVizzini, Sébastien. "Elaboration et caractérisation d'oxydes d'aluminium ultra-minces pour une application aux jonctions tunnels magnétiques." Aix-Marseille 2, 2008. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2008AIX22036.pdf.
Full textUsing different techniques of investigation (AES, LEED, STM, HR-TEM, EELS and PES) we have developed an original process, which consists to grow the aluminuim oxide layer by layer. This procedure so-called Atomic Layer Deposition and Oxidation (ALDO procedure) allows to get an artificial oxide film perfectly homogeneous in depth and chemical composition as well. Several properties like gap measurement, stoichiometry, surface morphology and electrons transport allows to mind that oxid could be in good agreement with microelectronics applications (Magnetic Tunnel Junction and Magnetic memories)
Aragon, Emmanuel. "Etude d'alliages d'aluminium utilises pour la protection cathodique de structures en eau de mer." Toulon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOUL0008.
Full textGonzalez, Garza Mario Alberto. "Utilisation d'un scanner médical pour l'étude de l'endommagement des alliages d'aluminium et leurs composites." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ECAP0706.
Full textThis study deals with the application of x-ray tomography to the control and characterization of aluminum alloys and their composites. The proposed work provides a good understanding of the interaction between x-ray - material, giving more information for accurate results. Thus, a theoretical assessment of the interaction between the x-ray and the material is presented during the first part of the thesis. Afterwards, different parameters related to the slice reconstruction were analyzed to propose an utilization methodology of the medical scanner in the industrial field. The second part of this research consisted in studying applications related to the industrial production and to the research on this field. Some of the results showed, at macroscopic level, that the scanner provides significant information for the cast defects detection and for the dimensional analysis. At mesoscopic level, the distribution of reinforcements and porosities can be highlighted. Finally, it has been shown by plastic deformation tests; that the scanner resolution makes it possible to distinguish samples grain size and texture
Noomtong, Chaiwat. "Conception des matrices pour l'extrusion de profilés d'aluminium dans un contexte de conception intégrée." Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INPG0120.
Full textAluminium extrusion die design is one of the crucial areas of aluminium hot extrusion process. Traditionally, the die designer creates a new die based on his/her previous experiences and skills by using sketching on blue print or CAD drawing that is not weIl defined and cannot share information to other departments. Ln concurrent engineering philosophy, die design knowledge should be shared in central database and related department operators can access it concurrently. Furthermore, the die designer knowledge integration and cooperative work each design phase among die design team members would be discussed. Ln order to support cooperative design, the CORBA technology is presented. The knowledge of die design is stored in the computer system and we can use it to design a die. The objectives of this research are development the tools in order to help a die designer design an extrusion die based on integrated design and to evaluate the process cost of the extrusion workpiece
Kolhatkar, Gitanjali. "Épitaxie par faisceaux chimiques d'alliages nitrures dilués à base d'aluminium pour des applications photovoltaïques." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5932.
Full textJaubert, Olivier. "Revêtements hybrides multifonctionneles élaborés par voie sol-gel pour la protection d'alliages d'aluminium pour l'aéronautique (AA2024-T3)." Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2463/.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the development of innovative multifunctional hybrid coatings, free of Cr(VI), for protecting aluminum alloy AA2024-T3 against corrosion. The sol-gel innovative matrix is based on organoalkoxysilane, aluminum alkoxide and a corrosion inhibitor. The effect of the concentration of each precursor has been studied by measuring the anticorrosion performances of the coatings with the neutral salt spray test (NSS) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Afterwards these results were corroborated by NMR analysis of xerogels to correlate corrosion performance with the chemical structure. The synthesis and characterization of boehmite nanoparticles were prepared according to the Yoldas method. These nanoparticles were modified by physisorption of the corrosion inhibitor. By EIS we have demonstrated that modified nanoparticles act as nanocontainers of corrosion inhibitor. In the last part of this work, the development of multifunctional coatings is approched in two ways: firstly, by providing an original architecture for new coatings displaying both corrosion inhibitor nanocontainers and a hydrophobic surface. Secondly by getting colored anticorrosion coatings. In conclusion coatings with an optimal and innovative original architecture have been engineered to satisfy the requirements established by the industrial partners
Barrué, Hélène. "Approches eulérienne et lagrangienne pour la simulation numérique de suspensions d'hydroxyde d'alumine dans des cristalliseurs industriels." Toulouse, INPT, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPT019G.
Full textLe, Flour Jean-Claude. "Elaboration d'alliages d'aluminium et de composites base aluminium par métallurgie des poudres étude du procédé et caractérisation des produits /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376071726.
Full textLe, Flour Jean-Claude. "Elaboration d'alliages d'aluminium et de composites base aluminium par metallurgie des poudres : etude du procede et caracterisation des produits." Paris, ENMP, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ENMP0072.
Full textDuquenne, Cyril. "Procédés plasmas pour l'optimisation des matériaux intervenant dans le management thermique et la passivation de composants de puissance hyperfréquences à base de GaN et A1GaN." Nantes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NANT2061.
Full textThis work is dedicated to the development and the optimization of a low temperature (<300°C) thin film deposition process. The targeted material is a nitride dielectric (AlN, BN) with a high thermal conductivity dedicated to the passivation of high power high frequency HEMT GaN devices. Nowadays, the GaN HEMT (High Electron Mobility Transistor) performances are directly limited by their thermal resistance. The integration of a dielectric material with a high thermal conductivity is expected to improve the thermal behavior of the device and to increase their performances. The magnetron sputtering has been chosen for its compatibility with microelectronic processes. This study addressed first an in depth study of magnetron sputtering deposition process for thin films (AlN and BN) and second a extended study of the physico chemical properties of the obtained thin films using XRD, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, SAED and HRTEM. The magnetron sputtering process was study by Langmuir probe measurement and Optical Emission Spectroscopy. In the case of AlN films, we highlighted the first order effect of the magnetic field configuration on the film properties. Such a process control allowed obtaining an epitaxial growth of AlN films on AlGaN substrate at temperature below 250°C. The thermal properties of the thin films were investigated using an original electro-thermal measurement method well adapted to thin films. Such studies allowed underlining the relationship between thermal conductivity and thin film microstructure and to reach a further optimization of the thermal properties of AlN thin films up to 170 W. K-1. M-1
Le, Fournier Marion. "Étude d'un alliage d'aluminium pour l'aéronautique par les techniques avancées de microscopie électronique en transmission." Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1836/.
Full textIn aeronautics, structural hardening is one of the best ways to improve mechanical properties of metal alloys and to make the structures lighter. The structural hardening of the Al-Li-Cu alloys of the 2000 series is due to T1 precipitates (Al2CuLi) which modify locally the matrix which surround them. To understand the mechanism of deformation at a micro scale, we need to know the interactions between dislocations and hardening phases. Consequently, a precise characterization of strains is required. To do that, experimental techniques, which are supported by models, have been developed. Using high resolution electronic transmission microscopy (HREM) and geometrical phase analysis (GPA), a method is proposed to measure strains in three directions of the space. Then, the precipitates were modeled by two dissociated dislocations which are perfectly identified as a/6<112>. The growth mechanism of T1 phases is based on the presence of these dislocations. Other models have been developed to reproduce the strains created in the matrix by the precipitate. They are based on the dislocation theory and the resolution of the equations of micromechanics in the reciprocal space using isotropic and linear elasticity. By employing those models, we are able to propose a description of the strains near the tips of precipitates which is in agreement with the HREM observations
Tanvir, Umar Khan Shazia. "Immobilisation des microsomes hépatiques, sur des membranes d'oxyde d'aluminium, pour l'étude du métabolisme de xenobiotique." Compiègne, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009COMP1799.
Full textAll new chemical entities that are produced have to be carefully evaluated in te=s of toxicity. Efforts are continuously being made to improve test procedures so that predictions of toxicity can be made earlier and more accurately. Predicting toxicity is an important part of improving safety assessment, but for this, simplified methods are always demanded. The liver is a frequent target of xenobiotic-induced toxicity and it is of great importance to assess potential hepatotoxicity. Derived from the liver, microsomes retain the metabolic properties of the liver, the organ largely responsible for drug metabolism. This thesis has addressed the development of rapid and inexpensive biosensors for chemical toxicity and oxidative stress. Porous alumina membranes are attractive materials for the construction of biosensors and also have utility for the production of immobilized enzyme bioreactors because of high surface to volume ratio, sort residence time (volume/flow rate) and microenvironment (confinement of small volume of reactive solution by huge enzymatic film). In first part of this thesis, rat heptic microsomal films were adsorbed on microporous alumina membrane by pumping through the charnels of alumina membrane where it became immobilized by physical adsorption. This biocatalytic membrane was subjected to accesse the presence of characteristic functional enzymes. Interestingly, microsomal modified supports can be re-utilized for the sme or different substrate after washing with appropriate buffer. Long te= storage (-20°C) of the immobilized microsome had not disturbed their activities. Different enzymatic activities of cytochrome P450, reductases and microsomal glutathione-S-trmsferase (mGST1) have been detected suggesting that this reactor may be useful for accessing the drag' metabolic properties. Second part was dedicated to answer some of the basic questions related to functionality of mGST1 as a sensor of toxicity in immobilized state using reactive chemical already known to induce oxidative stress either directly or after bioactivation through P450 (NADPH dependant metabolism). This aspect provided the insight for the use of mGST1 as a surrogate marker of oxidative stress in biosensing applications. This type of setup aliows screening of compounds that undergo bioactivation to reactive metabolites as being demonstrated using acetaminophen (AP) as a model drug which showed more than two fold increase in the activities of mGST1 after NADPH dependant metabolism. We exmined whether the glutathione adducts were produced, since this metabolite is used as a marker for the formation of the taxie benzoquinoneimmine (NAPQI) adduct by LC-MSS. The HPLC analysis of the reaction medium after passing through the reactor showed the peak with same retention time when compared to standard. The mass to charge ratio and fragmentation pattern obtained from mass spectrometry permit to confirm the formation of glutathione adduct by reactor. Thus, it also proved that enhanced activities of mGST1 were due to metabolism of AP by P450. In the third part of the study, microsomes were adsorbed to alumina membrane activated by silane. In an effort to gain a quantitative understanding of the effects of microsomal film growth on enzyme activity, we compared the para-nitrophenol (pNP) hydroxylase activity of the microsomes by varying the amount of microsomes fixed in alumina mieroehels. The alumina membrane was placed in a fluidic device at a fast flow which affords short residence time in seconds to get transformation of the pNP to 4-nitrocatechol (4NC) detected by LC-MSS. This enabled the use of this bioreactor where CYP2E1 activity is low and tissue sources are very limiting. The microsome has been successfully immobilized on alumina membrane and used to produce stable biocatalytic reactors that can be used repeatedly over a period of 2 months. Last part of the study was attributed for the covalent immobilization of recombinant P450 and in situ regeneration of cofactor (NADPH) by enzymatic means (Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase). For this purpose Cytochrome CYP2E1 has been chosen because it metabolises and activates many substrates to more reactive products. Moreover, level of CYP2E1 is elevated under a variety of physiological and pathological conditions. CYP2E1 is an effective generator of reactive oxygen species consequently leading to oxidative stress and toxicity. Therefore the screening of new drug entries for CYP2E 1 is always demanded. Miniaturized heterogeneous membrane reactor was designed for enzyme reactions where first membrane was regenerating the cofactor and second one was utilizing it for P450 based catalysis. To simplify the technology, modified membranes were placed in a filter holder and the reaction was perfomed by loading of substrate solutions into inlet using syringe pump. Such a model system can lead to the development of various miniaturized reactor platforms for heterogeneous assays in cascade
Chen, Danying. "Revêtements multicouches à base de nitrure d'aluminium pour les récepteurs des systèmes solaires à concentration." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAI079.
Full textThere is an increasing interest for concentrated solar power (CSP) systems which can work at temperatures higher than 1000 °C to optimize efficiency. One of the challenges is to design the receiver that will be heated at high temperature in air. Compared to coatings in gas turbine engine, the coating(s)/substrate system must have a high thermal conductivity to ensure a good heat transfer to the fluid. Aluminum nitride (AlN) coating, deposited by chemical vapor deposition at 1100-1200 °C at a growth rate of 10-50 µm·h-1, is selected for its high thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion coefficient, high temperature stability and its ability to develop stable alumina scales above 1000 °C. Molybdenum-based alloys are selected as substrate materials for their excellent thermal and mechanical properties. The alumina-forming iron-based alloys are also chosen as model substrates to reduce the influencing parameters in real-life receivers and to study the potential of these coatings. Accelerated cyclic oxidation tests and emissivity measurements allow the evaluation of AlN coatings as materials for high temperature CSP receivers. The multilayered systems exhibit low degradation after hundreds of thermal cycles at 800 °C in air and can support higher temperatures (1100 °C) for 100 to 500 h depending on the coating thickness. Nevertheless, the fast cyclic oxidation in solar furnace leads to cracks through the coatings. An analytical model is developed to study the stress evolution within the coating(s)/substrate system. Calculated results are in good agreement with experimental data. The measurements of the optical properties reveal a decrease of absorptivity after oxidation for AlN coatings, but a significant increase of absorptivity when SiC coating is added as a top layer
Wu, Bo. "Contribution à l'étude des critères de fatigue multiaxiaux pour les assemblages soudés en alliage d'aluminium." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-285.pdf.
Full textGRAZZINI, HERBERT. "Etude experimentale du comportement rheologique de milieux granulaires a constituants plastiquement deformables : comparaison de poudres de plasticine et d'alliages d'aluminium." Paris, ENMP, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ENMP0261.
Full textDo, Tien Dung. "Etude de la zone plastique en pointe de fissure pour l'alliage d'aluminum 2024T351." Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR4019/document.
Full textThe plastic zone size associated with a propagating crack in a material is directly related to the stress intensity factor for a given configuration. This work utilizes the ultra-low-load indentation techniques to study the cyclic and monotonic plastic zone size at the fatigue crack tip based on the relationship between the hardness, elastic work, plastic work, plasticity index and the distance from the crack tip. The study is conducted essentially on the aluminium alloy 2024T351. In a second part of this work, we study the contour of mixed mode crack-tip plastic zones, the minimum plastic zone radius (MPZR) and the direction of initial crack for the aluminium alloy 2024T351 in a Compact tension specimen by using Matlab software. We have computed the shape, size of plastic zone at crack-tip and the minimum plastic zone radius with respect to the loading angle and stress intensity factor in linear elastic fracture mechanics for plane strain condition according to Von Mises yield criteria, the study is conducted for various loading angle. We found that the mixed mode loading (F36O°) can lead to earlier material fracture earlier than any other biaxial loading
Masquelier, Nicolas. "Caractérisation et modélisation de transformations microstructurales pour la mise au point d'une nouvelle génération d'alliages d'aluminium pour conducteurs électriques." Rouen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ROUES011.
Full textNew aluminium alloy had been developed for electrical cable application. This alloy has good mechanical properties at high temperature, and also good electrical properties. Its microstructure had been characterized at atomic scale with the goal to link microstructure and physical properties. Thanks to this correlation, microstructure was adjusted to optimize the physical properties of this alloy. Microstructure of the alloy was also modelized to predict the evolution of physical properties with time. Finally, linking characterization and modelling, thermodynamical datas had been determined. These datas was unknown for this particular alloy and could be useful for the future