Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Poudres métalliques – Propriétés'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 32 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Poudres métalliques – Propriétés.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Humbert, Olivier. "Synthèse, caractérisations et propriétés de surface de nanopoudres d'oxydes à vocation catalytique." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPL086N.
Full textWe studied the influence of high energy bail milling crushing on Iwo types of oxides with catalytic properties. First of ail, two titanium dioxide powders (TiO2 PG and TiO2 GG) were characterized according to the time of milling. During milling, TiO2 anatase is transformed into rutile via a phase hot pressure/hot temperature called TiO2 Il. With TiO2 PG, we tried to correlate the decrease of the photocatalytic activity and the evolution of the properties of surface with the time of milling. The second family of oxides is composed of zirconia and ceria as weil as two solid solutions formed starting from these two powders. We compared the properties of surface of the powders synthesized according to three ways (an annealing and 2 milling) for the solid solutions and the effect of milling on the properties of surface of the starting powders. We could note notable and interesting differences between the powders obtained by milling and the powders obtained by thermal way
Grafoute, Moussa. "Etude des propriétés structurales et modélisations de poudres nanostructurées de fer obtenues par broyage mécanique." Le Mans, 2004. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2004/2004LEMA1016.pdf.
Full textThis work is devoted to the study of the structural and magnetic properties of nanostructured powders of pure iron obtained by mechanical grinding in a planetary ball mill in argon atmosphere. The analysis by 57Fe Mössbauer spectrometry and X-ray diffraction versus grinding time allows to characterize both the structural and microstructural nature of these powders. The study by X-ray diffraction indicates an average size of crystalline grains bcc-Fe estimated at 13 nm, separated by grain boundaries, the atomic proportion of which makes possible an estimate of their thickness at 0. 7 nm. The hyperfine structure observed on the Mössbauer spectra shows the presence of only one sextet narrow lines, unambiguously attributed to bcc-Fe crystalline grains. On the contrary, both ZFC and FC magnetic measurements show at low temperature magnetic a freezing consistent with the presence of grain boundaries. In order to describe the structure of these nanostructured iron powders and the role of the grain boundaries, Monte-Carlo calculations based on the "Embedded Atom Method" have been developed. This method allows us to describe a realistic granular structure built up of randomly crystalline grains linked by grain boundaries. The technique consists in carrying out simulated annealing using a method of modified thermostat to account for the history of the sample (metastable structures obtained by mechanical milling). Numeric calculations give evidence for a structural configuration at the interface which is, neither bcc, nor fcc type, but consistent with the experimental results
Guy, Isabelle. "Elaboration et caractérisation de poudres et de varistances à base d'oxyde de zinc dopé." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30019.
Full textHuvier, Corine. "Consolidation de poudres métalliques par compression isostatique et chocs laser : microstructures et propriétés d'agglomérés obtenus avec des poudres de cuivre allié." Poitiers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT2266.
Full textVillette, Carole. "Elaboration et caractérisation de fines particules de ferrites spinelles substitués (cuivre/cobalt/manganèse) : relations structure-propriétés magnétiques." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30286.
Full textGiguère, Nicolas. "Développement de nouvelles formulations de poudres métalliques pour la fabrication de composantes de haute performance." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27211/27211.pdf.
Full textBaziard, Yves. "Synthèse sous micro-ondes et caractérisation physico-chimique de matériaux composites à matrice polymère thermodurcissable et à renfort métallique finement divisé." Toulouse, INPT, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986INPT002G.
Full textTului, Mario. "Propriétés optiques d'oxydes et de borures obtenus par projection plasma sous différentes pressions." Lille 1, 2003. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/ffb1542c-075d-4fca-993b-e28e0fdf3565.
Full textSong, Bo. "Nouvelles voies de fabrication d'alliages métalliques à hautes performances à partir de poudres." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01004824.
Full textAïche-Belkadi, Lynda. "Modification des propriétés de surface de poudres en lit fluidisé assisté par une post-décharge." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/693/.
Full textThis work concerns the development of an original process which consists in coupling two technologies: fluidized bed and cold nitrogen remote-plasma. The main object of this work is to treat an important weight of thermo-sensitive powders at low temperature and pressure. Besides, our goal also consists in understanding the phenomenon taking place in our process. The fluidized bed is used for improving the gas-solid contact. The fluidization induces a uniform treatment, important mass and thermal transfers between the two phases. The fluidization is achieved by nitrogen, which flows previously through a microwave discharge. The microwave discharge generates chemically active species. In this study, the fixed bed height is of the order of the bed diameter. This work includes two parts: in the first one, the grafting of new chemical functions on the surface of polyethylene powders due to their exposure to a cold nitrogen remote plasma with and without oxygen is studied. The second concerns the deposition of silicon oxide on the same type of powder from silane (SiH4) and oxygen. In the first part, the wettability of polyethylene powders is increased, knowing that the polyethylene powders is naturally hydrophobic. The treatment efficiency depends essentially on the composition of the plasma gas. In fact, a pure nitrogen post-discharge can increase the wettability character of the powder, but only relative to organic liquids. Nevertheless, adding a small amount of oxygen allows reaching a better water wettability. In the second part, the feasibility of depositing silicon oxide on the surface of a polyethylene powder, using a far nitrogen/oxygen cold remote-plasma and silane in a fluidized bed is showed. The deposition occurs under the form of nodules. The powder water wettability is drastically improved by the deposition process. The hydrophilic character and the continuity of the deposit are exalted by the increase of the oxygen concentration injected in the discharge. Aging studies show that the coated-powder wettablity reaches a value similar to that of silica after a few days
Bouet, Laurence. "Poudres fines et couches minces de ferrites spinelles substitués (Molybdène/Cobalt/Manganèse) : élaboration, propriétés structurales, magnétiques et magnéto-optiques." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30223.
Full textLu, Qing. "Caractérisation diélectrique de matériaux pulvérulents dans une large bande de fréquences micro-ondes." Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10009/document.
Full textNew materials of composite structures with high complexity, functionality and flexibility are more and more required for industry. In order to optimize their fabrication, it is important to evaluate their physical properties in particular in terms of dielectric permittivity and magnetic permeability. The exact knowledge of material permittivity is essential in the study of physical phenomena that govern interactions between electromagnetic waves and the tested material. But, a lack of papers currently dealing with the field of powder materials characterization is observed.In this work, we propose a reflection/transmission method, which has the significant advantage of being operable in a wide frequency band. The theory, the simulation tests and the measurement cells using microstrip lines for broad-band dielectric characterization of solid materials as well as for powder materials are presented. The work performed provides a demonstrator integrating hardware and software resources for materials characterization. Compared to the data found in the literature, our study provides dielectric permittivity values in a large frequency band. From the experimental point of view, our measurements method is fast and easy to implement. The measurement process repeatability has been checked and has shown a high level of confidence. This characterization method that is valid for a very large class of powder materials is also well suited for solid materials (thick or thin)
Zouggar, Mostapha. "Effets du broyage sur les propriétés structurales et mécaniques de poudres de fer pur et sur l'activation de la nitruration." Poitiers, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000POIT2283.
Full textDufor, Christine. "Organogenèse de particules nanométriques de Ni, Co, Fe, Cr, Pd et d'alliages binaires Ni-Cr, Ni-Pd, Ni-Co. Caractérisations structurales et propriétés magnétiques." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30082.
Full textLapointe, Philippe. "Développement d'un composite magnétique doux avec revêtement de ferrite nanométrique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/21343.
Full textElectric motors, transformers, electromagnets and many other electric devices require materials that can provide a path for magnetic field lines while minimizing losses that they generate. Materials used for these applications are called soft magnetic materials. One way to minimize losses in such materials is to increase their resistivity. In order to do so, highly resistive materials are coupled with ferromagnetic materials. These are called soft magnetic composites. For more than one hundred years, the most common type of soft magnetic composite was made by stacking sheets of rolled iron separated by a thin layer of insulating materials. These were very simple and efficient but also had their share of drawbacks. During the last decades, a new technique based on powder metallurgy was developed. It consists in coating iron particles with an isolating material prior to compaction. This type of materials can be highly resistive. The objective of this project was to develop a soft magnetic composite using metal powders in which the insulating materials would be nanometric NiZn ferrite. Two different techniques were studied in order to achieve this goal. The first one consists in coating iron powders with NiZn ferrite using ferrite plating and the second one consists adding nanoparticles to iron powder. The results obtained throughout this study showed that these two techniques could certainly be used to develop metal powder based soft magnetic composites. More specifically, magnetic weight losses of 11,9 W/kg and 93 W/kg were obtained at 60 Hz and 400 Hz respectively for components prepared using the ferrite plating technique while losses of 13,5 W/kg and 137 W/kg were obtained at 60 Hz and 400 Hz respectively for components prepared by adding ferrite nanoparticles.
Battault, Thierry. "Céramiques semi-conductrices à base de manganites de fer, nickel et cobalt. Application aux thermistances à coefficient de température négatif (C. T. N. )." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30161.
Full textRoyer, Alexandre. "Etude, caractérisations et développement de mélanges de polymères biosourcés chargés de poudre d'Inconel 718 pour l'élaboration de composants et micro-composants via moulage par injection de poudres métalliques." Thesis, Besançon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BESA2058/document.
Full textThe works done during this PhD focuses on the study of the thermo-physical behavior of bio sourced polymer blends loaded with Inconel 718 powder (feedstock) to be shaped by the Metal Injection Molding process (MIM). First, a review of the researches related to the MIM process was conducted to identify innovative materials and processes that can improve the MIM process. Thus, the use of polyethylene glycol (PEG), selected for its properties of solubility in water, and bio sourced polymers, in order to reduce the environmental impact, were selected. The bio sourced polymers have been selected in accordance with the conditions of the injection molding process, and the choice was made to use polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroalkanoates (PHA and PHBV). Similarly, the supercritical CO2 as solvent was chosen to reduce the time of binder removal as well as increasing the quality of components produced. Thermo-physical, mechanical and rheological characterizations were made to determine the behavior of the different feedstock formulations. The results showed a degradation of the PEG and of the stearic acid under the conditions of use of the biopolymers, during the mixing and the injection stages. The use of feedstock made of bio sourced polymers have improved the homogeneity of the injected components, but they have generated defects during the debinding step. These defects have been eliminated by the use of CO2 in the supercritical state as solvent of the PEG. This method has significantly decrease the time of binder removal and improved the quality of the final components. Finally, densified components have the mechanical properties corresponding to Inconel 718
Lapierre-Boire, Louis-Philippe. "Impact de l'ajout de nanoparticules sur l'écoulement de mélanges de poudre à base de fer." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27117/27117.pdf.
Full textChasserio, Nadège. "Corrélations entre la composition et le structure de particules d’oxydes mixtes de métaux de transition et leurs propriétés optiques et thermoradiatives." Toulouse 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU30191.
Full textThe aim of this study is to integrate oxide powders in aeronautical coatings to limit thermal contrasts between the aircraft and its environment in the infrared range. The optical characteristics (complex refractive index and hemispherical directional reflectivity) and radiative one (emissivity) have been measured. The studied oxides are ferrites and manganites with spinel structure. A study of the chemical composition of CuxNiyMn3-x-yO4 has allowed to optimize the optical properties (n up to 3,8 for λ =3µm). The roles of the cationic distribution and of the proportion of Cu+ cations have been shown. The radiative behaviour of the coatings charged by these oxides has been simulated. The theory of the radiative transfer has been used to consider the multiple diffusion phenomena. Simulations have shown the strong influence of the binder on the limitation of the performances. The obtained coatings have permitted to reduce the apparent temperature of 30°C (for a real temperature of 100°C)
Stasiak, Tomasz. "High Entropy Alloys with improved mechanical properties." Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1R050.
Full textHigh Entropy Alloys (HEAs) are a new type of multicomponent alloys. They contain at least five elements with the content of each between 5 and 35 at. %. The high configuration entropy, which is the source of the name of the whole family of alloys, together with other parameters, such as mixing enthalpy, atomic size difference, electronegativity difference, or valence electron concentration, stabilize a solid solution instead of complex intermetallic compounds. Promising properties and interesting microstructures focus the attention of the scientific community to HEAs.In this work, the novel Al-Cr-Fe-Mn-Mo high entropy alloy family was studied. The microstructural and chemical analyses were performed by XRD, Mössbauer spectrometry, SEM, TEM, EDX, EBSD. In the first stage, parametric approach calculations were carried out to optimize the chemical composition of the alloy. The selected compositions were prepared by mechanical alloying in different devices. The optimized conditions that ensure maximum chemical homogeneity of powder and the small contamination from balls and vial materials were chosen. In most of the powders, two bcc phases form during mechanical alloying with the lattice parameters about 3.13 Å (bcc#1) and 2.93 Å (bcc#2). The heat treatment of powder results in several phase transformations (e.g., the formation of the χ phase). The annealing at 950 °C for 1 h promotes the significant increase of volume fraction of the bcc#2 phase, while the bcc#1 and χ disappear. Nevertheless, small fractions of carbides and oxides were found. The bulk samples were fabricated by hot press sintering of the optimized mechanically alloyed powders. The conditions of consolidation were evaluated and optimized to promote the formation of the bcc phase and reduce the formation of carbides and oxides resulting from the contamination during mechanical alloying and sintering. The optimized bulk samples present a major disordered body-centered cubic phase (> 95 % of volume fraction) with a lattice parameter of 2.92 Å and a very small fraction of carbides (M6C, M23C6) and oxides (Al2O3). The bcc phase is stable after annealing at 950 °C for 10 h. Moreover, the alloy presents very high hardness up to 950 HV2N. The compression tests of the optimized bulk sample from room temperature to 800 °C reveal promising properties, especially between 600 and 700 °C. The alloy shows brittle behavior between room temperature and 400 °C. However, the alloy starts to demonstrate some degree of plasticity at 500 °C. At 600 °C, the yield strength is 1022 MPa, while strain to failure is about 22 %
Karrad, Sahnoune. "Mélanges composites PEHD/PS/Talc : application au recyclage." Montpellier 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON20036.
Full textVinson, Pierre. "Fusion sélective par laser de lits de poudre : Étude sur le recyclage de la poudre et détection de défauts au cours de la fabrication par imagerie thermique." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENMP0068.
Full textDirect and additive manufacturing regroups several new technologies that are very different from conventional manufacturing processes such as casting. Aeronautic and space industries are really interested in those new processes such as the selective laser melting of metallic powder beds know as the SLM process. This PhD thesis report will show the issues of additive manufacturing and will describe some processes. A bibliography study has been done on two aeronautical alloys used in this work: titanium alloy TA6V and nickel-based superalloy Nimonic 263. This work also presents powder characterization (granulometry, morphology chemical composition) for the gas atomized powder. Besides, study has been done on the recyclability of the TA6V powder for the SLM process, for the powder itself and the mechanical properties of parts built from recycled powder. Moreover, this works deals with a powder bed consolidation model to estimate the productivity of the process. Then, a parametric and thermal study has been done on the Nimonic 263. The coaxial system for thermal visualization is described such as the image processing algorithm used. Finally, this reports deals with the study of thermal signature of typical SLM defects
Bielousova, Oleksandra. "Etude de la structure et des propriétés de revêtements composites obtenus par la projection gazodynamique à froid." Ecole nationale d'ingénieurs (Saint-Etienne), 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENISE019.
Full textIntensive development of the industry in the direction of design and optimisation of novel materials and coatings leads to invention and elaboration of new powder coating technologies. One of these technologies is Cold Spray of various materials and composites. The properties of composites materials depend on their phase composition and structure of various phases. For this reason, it seems to be reasonable to manage the cold sprayed material structure by following heat treatment. Such a combined technology opens the new opportunities to control the phase comporition, dislocation and gain structure of materials. In this case, the new opportunities to obtain various phase composition and properties of materials are opened. The main goal of the work is to examine the specific features of cold spraying process of composite coatings obtained by deposition of powder mixtures or separate layers of soft and hard materials, and to define their influence on composite structure and properties in order to obtain and to develop the new composite coating applications. Three main groups of coating are studied : Al-SS coating for possible application as a thermal barrier coating, Ti-Al intermetallic coating and naw anti-frictional SS-SiC coating. Thermal tratment of the coatings is performed to favour the formation of intermetallic components and stainless steel matrix graphitisation in case of SS-SiC coatings. Mechanical properties of the coatings such as microhardness and elastic modulus are evaluated on the base of straingradient plasticity theory and the parameters of the depth dependence of the materials are calculated. Possible applications of the deposited coatings are developed and discussed
Boulnat, Xavier. "FAST high-temperature consolidation of Oxide-Dispersion Strengthened (ODS) steels : Process, microstructure, precipitation, properties." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0139/document.
Full textThis work aims to lighten the understanding of the behavior of a class of metallic materials called Oxide-Dispersion Strengthened (ODS) ferritic steels. ODS steels are produced by powder metallurgy with various steps including atomization, mechanical alloying and high-temperature consolidation. The consolidation involves the formation of nanoparticles in the steel and various evolutions of the microstructure of the material that are not fully understood. In this thesis, a novel consolidation technique assisted by electric field called "Spark Plasma Sintering" (SPS) or "Field-Assisted Sintering Technique" (FAST) was assessed. Excellent mechanical properties were obtained by SPS, comparable to those of conventional hot isostatic pressed (HIP) materials but with much shorter processing time. Also, a broad range of microstructures and thus of tensile strength and ductility were obtained by performing SPS on either milled or atomized powder at different temperatures. However, SPS consolidation failed to avoid heterogeneous microstructure composed of ultrafine-grained regions surrounded by micronic grains despite of the rapid consolidation kinetics. A multiscale characterization allowed to understand and model the evolution of this complex microstructure. An analytical evaluation of the contributing mechanisms can explain the appearance of the complex grain structure and its thermal stability during further heat treatments. Inhomogeneous distribution of plastic deformation in the powder is argued to be the major cause of heterogeneous recrystallization and further grain growth during hot consolidation. Even if increasing the solute content of yttrium, titanium and oxygen does not impede abnormal growth, it permits to control the fraction and the size of the retained ultrafine grains, which is a key-factor to tailor the mechanical properties. Since precipitation through grain boundary pinning plays a significant role on grain growth, a careful characterization of the precipitation state was performed on consolidated ODS steels. The experimental data obtained by transmission electron microscopy, small angle neutron scattering and atom-probe tomography evidenced the presence of dense and nanosized particles in SPS ODS steels, similarly to what is observed in conventional ODS steels. This is of great importance since it proves that the precipitation is very rapid and mainly occurs during the heating stage of the consolidation process. Using a thermodynamic model, the precipitation kinetics of Y2O3 and Y2Ti2O7 were successfully reproduced at various consolidation temperatures. Both experimental and numerical findings agree with the rapid precipitation of nanoparticles that are then extremely stable, even at high temperature. Consequently, this model can be an efficient tool to design ODS steelsby the optimization of the precipitation state
Housaer, François. "Elaboration et caractérisation de composites Aluminium/Nanotubes de Carbone obtenus par métallurgie des poudres." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10003/document.
Full textPowder metallurgy routes allow the synthesis below the melting temperature of composites with notable properties. Due to the combination of the aluminum (Al) low density and the excellent mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNT), Al/CNT composites might be promising materials for various fields such as aerospace and automotive. However, the improvement of mechanical properties requires the control of the microstructure and especially of grain boundaries. Indeed, high density and uniform distribution of carbon nanotubes in the matrix are necessary conditions for mechanical strengthening. A protocol was developed in order to ensure the nanotubes disentanglement and dispersion within the aluminum powder. Its high efficiency was characterized by microscopy technics and its impact on the composites mechanical properties was highlighted. The powders are sintered by two methods: hot pressing and spark plasma sintering. The study of grain boundaries highlights the influence of sintering parameters (time, temperature, technique) on the Al-CNT system reactivity. Thus, an aluminum carbides formation mechanism involving crystallization and cracking of the oxide layer at the aluminum grains surface is proposed. Finally, various parameters such as the CNT content, sintering conditions and techniques used and the prior ball milling of the composite powders are related to the improvement of the aluminum mechanical strength
Morvan, Adrien. "Matériaux Composites Cuivre/Carbone 2D élaborés par Métallurgie des Poudres." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0043.
Full textSince several years, society has become more and more energy-consuming. This increase goes hand in hand with the progress of access to energy, continuous world population growth, the improvement of life quality and the development of new technologies. According to the International Energy Agency, an increase of this consumption of the order of 30 % is planned before 2040. About 40 % of this additional consumption could be satisfied by electricity; what will have a strong impact on the distribution of energy. For the company Schneider Electric, world specialist of the management of energy and automatisms, the distribution of electrical energy is mainly assured by copper bars and wires. This metal is widely used for many connecting organs, called 2D objects, which are used to connect and disconnect devices. The main problem of these elements is their dissipation of energy by Joule effect when passing electric current. Thus, this thesis work consisted in the elaboration and study of a new generation of electrical and/or thermal plane (2D) conductor in the objective to overcome this problem. To this end, a new methodology for manufacturing Cu/2D C composite materials has been developed. It consists of a powders pre-treatment step, a new mixing technique and a shaping of the material by uniaxial hot compression. Various types of metal powders (dendritic copper and copper platelet) and carbonaceous powders (graphite, multi-layer graphene, graphene oxide) were studied. The orientation of reinforcement within the metal matrix and the interface between these two components have been optimized. This methodology, combined with physico-chemical characterizations of materials and theoretical models, provided a better understanding of the key parameters for obtaining a material with improved physical properties. Thus, the Cu/2D C materials developed during this thesis show, depending on the type of reinforcement, an increase in mechanical properties (from 36% to 120% for the Vickers hardness), an improvement in thermal conductivity (from 8% to 56%) and an electrical resistivity consistent with the properties of copper, the reference material
Grillet, Nadia. "Réponse optique de nano-objets uniques d’argent : couplage plasmonique et photo-oxydation." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10135/document.
Full textThe optical properties of noble metal nanoparticles are known to be dominated by the localized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) which is highly sensitive to the size of the particles, their shape, their environment, and eventually their chemical composition in the case of mixed systems. In order to study the optical response of a single supported metallic nanoparticle, a high sensitive spectroscopic setup using a white lamp (300-900 nm) has been developed in a transmission measurement configuration. This technique, the Spatial Modulation Spectroscopy, aims to detect the overall extinction of light by a nanoparticle. Moreover, the coupling of this technique with the direct observation of the particles by Transmission Electron Microscopy allows to get an unambiguous description of their optical response in relation with their exact morphology. In this work, the optical response of single silver nano-objects has been correlated with their morphology and their structure at a sub-nanometer scale. Time evolution of the optical response of single silver nanocubes under illumination was first investigated. We observed a “spherization” and a photo-oxidation due to the UV part of the light. Moreover, we studied pairs of cubic silver nanoantennas that showed a huge sensitivity of their optical response with the interparticle distance and their morphology. Indeed, the SPR is red-shifted with decreasing interparticle distance. One can also observe a striking splitting of the resonance for very low interparticle distances. Preliminary DDA calculations seem to show that the radius of curvature at the corners and edges of both cubes plays a key role in the splitting of the resonance
Lemoine, Charlotte. "Etude structurale et magnétique de mélanges FeCr élaborés par mécanosynthèse." Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUES039.
Full textStein, Julien. "AA5083 aluminium alloys reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes : microstructure and mechanical properties." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20002.
Full textThe overall goal of this thesis is to process new metal matrix composites reinforced by CNT with enhanced mechanical properties. The main part of this work was achieved using CVD-grown multi-walled CNT as reinforcement and a high-performance light aluminium alloy, AA5083, as the matrix. Dense and homogeneous CNT/AA5083 composites were processed by the powder metallurgy route, followed by an extrusion forming process. A homogeneous dispersion of the CNT in the composites at the micron scale appears to be a key parameter for improving the mechanical properties. This could be achieved using high energy ball milling through the mechanisms of plastic deformation and cold-welding, and was demonstrated from Raman spectroscopy cartography studies. Yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and micro-hardness of the homogeneous composites were increased by up to 55%, 61% and 33%, with respect to raw alloys processed in the same conditions, and the coefficient of thermal expansion was decreased by 10%. Optimal results were obtained with a CNT con-tent of 1.5 wt.-%. The material strengthening was principally attributed to load transfer at the CNT/matrix interface
Garcia, de la Cruz Lucia. "Ultrafine grained nickel processed by powder metallurgy : microstructure, mechanical properties and thermal stability." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC224.
Full textThe present manuscript concerns the synthesis of ultrafine grained (UFG) Ni by powder metallurgy, and the study of the influence of UFG microstructures on the mechanical behavior and physical properties. The possibilities of coupling ball milling and Spark Plasma Sintering are presented showing promising results. Highly dense homogeneous specimens are obtained, with average grain sizes d = 0.65 - 4 µm, and microstructures highlighted by a high fraction of Σ3 grain boundaries dependent on grain size. The mechanical properties in tensile testing for UFG samples are evaluated showing a good combination of strength and ductility, with little impact from porosities, the major drawback of powder metallurgy. The influence of grain size in the UFG regime on the mechanical properties is investigated, showing strength values that deviate from the expected behavior for grain refinement. Likewise, a reduced strain hardening capacity is depicted which correlates to the microstructural observations performed on the deformed state. High diffusivity measured by means of radiotracer experiments is observed in the sintered samples, displaying different penetration profiles that relate to diverse porosity structures. Such structures are also responsible for retrograde sintering observed exclusively in samples processed from BM powders
Soret, Paul-Nicolas. "Contribution à l'étude du comportement en fatigue biaxiale à haute température du superalliage à base de nickel N18 obtenu par métallurgie des poudres." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ESAE0007.
Full textRopars, Ludovic. "Composites à matrice titane et renforts TiB élaborés par métallurgie des poudres : cinétique de transformations des phases, formation des microstructures et propriétés mécaniques." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0327/document.
Full textThe work done in this PhD thesis aims at the understanding of, on the one hand, the structural and microstructural evolutions of a TiB reinforced titanium matrix composite during the various steps and treatments of the powder metallurgy route used to produce it, and, on the other hand, the link between the microstructures and the mechanical properties for this material. The phase transformation kinetics, in the matrix and in the reinforcement, were characterised using in situ high energy XRD, during these treatments. Microstructural analysis, using SEM, SEM-EBSD and TEM (EDX and EELS) complete the XRD analysis. The matrix phase transformation kinetics were shown to be highly impacted by the processing route (a 300°C shift toward the high temperatures is found for the ß transus temperature). This shift has been linked with an increase in interstitial elements, coming from the powder mechanical alloying and from the interstitials in the TiB2 powder used to produce the TiB. The in situ study also helped in clarifying the transformation sequence of the TiB2 into TiB-27, via the formation of the metastable phase TiB-Bf. SEM and TEM analysis allowed to get access to and discuss the morphological and spatial evolutions of the phases (matrix and borides) during the various treatments and to characterise the chemical composition of the borides. A transformation sequence has been proposed. Finally, in a last part, composite materials were elaborated and submitted to defined heat treatments. The link between the static mechanical properties and the morphological and texture evolutions in the matrix and in the borides, was discussed. Some treatments were proposed to reach optimum mechanical properties