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Mensah-Bonsu, Akwasi, Nancy N. Lartey, and John K. M. Kuwornu. "Gender-segregated analysis of the poultry value chain in Ghana." Gender, Technology and Development 23, no. 2 (May 4, 2019): 130–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09718524.2019.1661611.
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Reddy, A. Amarender, S. S. Raju, A. Suresh, and Pramod Kumar. "Analysis of pearl millet market structure and value chain in India." Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies 8, no. 2 (June 4, 2018): 406–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jadee-02-2016-0007.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the market structure and value chain of pearl millet grain and fodder in India. There is a decline in demand for human consumption, with an increase in demand for non-food uses like cattle and poultry feed, raw material for starch and breweries industry. This paper explores alternative channels, uses and value chains of pearl millet grain and fodder. The paper examines in what ways small farmers can benefit from the evolving alternative uses for pearl millet grain in cattle and poultry feed industry, breweries and starch industry. The paper also analyses the impact of aggregators in increasing the efficiency of the value chain. Design/methodology/approach The study collected primary data from farmers, traders, commission agents and exporters and importers with innovative marketing channels with aggregators (Self-Help Groups) and without aggregators to analyze the prospects for improvements in marketing channels and value chain. Findings Given that the production of pearl millet is scattered and thin, there is a lot of scope for market aggregators to increase scale economies to reduce market costs to supply in bulk to food and industrial uses. Although there was some demand for human consumption high-quality grain, most of the future demand will come from cattle and poultry feed industry, breweries and starch industry. To tap these larger potentials, farmers need to aggregate their produce and ensure regular supply in bulk quantity at least to compete the cost with alternative grains like maize and broken rice. Research limitations/implications The research is based on the field-level data collection and observations obtained from Western India. This paper provides insights how the value chain of pearl millet is working and what improvements are needed to make value chain more efficient and inclusive. Although the results are applicable to similar neglected crops and area, more caution is needed. Social implications Through the formation of farmer aggregators, farmers can enhance their bargaining power vis-a-vis industry. Originality/value Till now, there is no study that explored the pearl millet value chain in detail in India, and the paper tries to fill this literature gap.
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Samboko, Paul C., Olipa Zulu-Mbata, and Antony Chapoto. "Analysis of the animal feed to poultry value chain in Zambia." Development Southern Africa 35, no. 3 (May 4, 2018): 351–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0376835x.2018.1480932.
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Mcleod, A., M. Kobayashi, J. Gilman, A. Siagian, and M. Young. "The use of poultry value chain mapping in developing HPAI control programmes." World's Poultry Science Journal 65, no. 2 (June 1, 2009): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043933909000166.
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Shamsuzzaman, Md, and Sheikh Morshed Jahan. "Value Chain of Poultry Hatcheries in Bangladesh : A Comparative Study of SMES versus Large Players by Porter's Value Chain Model." International Journal of Managing Value and Supply Chains 8, no. 3/4 (December 30, 2017): 01–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijmvsc.2017.8401.
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Čechura, L., and T. Taussigová. "Avian influenza and structural change in the Czech poultry industry." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 59, No. 1 (February 19, 2013): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/63/2012-agricecon.
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The paper deals with the consequences of the avian influenza outbreak for the Czech poultry industry. The Hansen (1992) parameter instability test and the Gregory and Hansen (1996) residual-based test are used for testing the structural break and determining the time of the regime shift. The results provide an indication that the avian influenza outbreak might have been the reason for the changes in the value chain. However, the changes in the second stage of the value chain could also be connected with the accession of the Czech Republic to the EU. The results show that the retailers increased their market power in the second period, i.e., after September 2004. The avian influenza could be a reason for the structural break, but other factors may work together. As a result of these changes, poultry processing companies have been losing their market position, and as a consequence, the production of poultry meat in the Czech Republic has been on the decline.
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Pawara, Ashwini. "Socio-Economic Status of Mumbai Metropolitan farm Women Involved in Poultry Value Chain." International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience 7, no. 4 (September 5, 2019): 415–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7501.
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S., Islam, Begum J., Hossain M. I., and Khatun M. "Marketing of Live Poultry in Northwest of Dhaka City –A Value Chain Analysis." American Journal of Food and Nutrition 5, no. 1 (August 26, 2017): 28–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.12691/ajfn-5-1-4.
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Ncube, Phumzile. "The southern African poultry value chain: Corporate strategies, investments and agro-industrial policies." Development Southern Africa 35, no. 3 (January 30, 2018): 369–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0376835x.2018.1426446.
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Agbehadzi, R. K., J. A. Hamidu, K. Adomako, and R. Enu. "Economic contribution of local hatchery performance in the poultry value chain in Ghana." Poultry Science 98, no. 6 (June 2019): 2399–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps/pez020.
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Wieczorek, Kinga, and Jacek Osek. "Genetic diversity of Campylobacter jejuni isolated from the poultry food chain." Journal of Veterinary Research 63, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2019-0012.
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AbstractIntroduction:Campylobacter jejuniis one of the most frequently reported causes of foodborne bacterial enteric disease worldwide. The main source of these microorganisms is contaminated food, especially of poultry origin. There are several molecular methods for differentiation ofCampylobacterisolates at the subgenus level, and one of these isporA-typing based on the sequencing of the major outer-membrane protein (MOMP) encoding gene. The aim of the study was to test the molecular relationship ofC. jejunistrains isolated at different points along the poultry food chain and assess the population structure of the isolates.Material and Methods:A total of 451C. jejuniwere used in the study, and a DNA fragment of 630 bp of the MOMP encoding gene was amplified and sequenced.Results:One hundred and ten sequence types were identified, with 69 (62.7%) unique to the isolates' origin and 30 not present in the database. The most prevalent nucleotide variant 1 was detected in 37 (8.2%) strains. These isolates were identified in all poultry sources tested, especially in faeces (15 isolates) but also in poultry carcasses and meat (11 isolates in each).Conclusion:TheporAtyping method was highly discriminative forC. jejuniof poultry origin since the Simpson's diversity index (D) achieved a value of 0.876, indicating considerable diversity in the bacterial population tested. The method may be further used for epidemiological investigation purposes.
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Saptana, NFN, and Rangga Ditya Yofa. "Penerapan Konsep Manajemen Rantai Pasok Pada Produk Unggas." Forum penelitian Agro Ekonomi 34, no. 2 (December 2, 2016): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/fae.v34n2.2016.143-161.
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<strong>English</strong><br />Marketing and logistics experts pay great attention to the concept of supply chain management and try to operationalize in agricultural development especially for high-value products, such as poultry products. The supply chain management concept is interpreted from various perspectives including marketing and logistics perspectives. This paper aims to analyze (1) a conceptual review of supply chain management; (2) the dynamics of production and consumption of poultry products; (3) performance of supply chain management on poultry products; and (4) integrated supply chain management strategy formulation for poultry products. This study applies analysis of review from various sources of literature, primary journals, research results, and text books. A review of the conceptual aspects of supply chain management has identified the different concepts of marketing with supply chain management. Supply chain management analysis on poultry products can improve poultry product distribution efficiency through product process integration among the actors. Production and consumption performance of poultry products showed a high increase, but its trade position is still deficit. In order to realize an efficient distribution system of poultry products, it is necessary to implement integrated supply chain management. In this context, the government needs to facilitate growth and development of poultry agribusiness partnership through integrated supply chain management approach.<br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Pakar pemasaran dan logistik memberikan perhatian besar terhadap konsep manajemen rantai pasok dan mencoba mengoperasionalkan dalam pembangunan pertanian, terutama pada produk bernilai ekonomi tinggi, seperti produk-produk perunggasan. Konsep manajemen rantai pasok dimaknai dari berbagai perspektif, antara lain perspektif pemasaran dan logistik. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk (a) meng-analisis konsep manajemen rantai pasok; (b) mengkaji dinamika perkembangan produksi dan konsumsi produk unggas; (c) mengkaji kinerja manajemen rantai pasok produk unggas; dan (d) merumuskan strategi manajemen rantai pasok produk unggas secara terpadu. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis review dari berbagai sumber pustaka, baik jurnal primer, hasil penelitian, dan buku-buku terkait topik tulisan. Tinjauan dari aspek konseptual manajemen rantai pasok telah berhasil mengidentifikasi perbedaan konsep pemasaran dengan manajemen rantai pasok. Penggunaan analisis manajemen rantai pasok pada produk perunggasan dapat meningkatkan efisiensi distribusi produk perunggasan melalui keterpaduan proses produk dan antarpelaku dalam rantai pasok. Kinerja produksi dan konsumsi produk perunggasan menunjukkan peningkatan yang tinggi, namun posisi perdagangannya hingga kini masih defisit. Dalam rangka mewujudkan sistem distribusi produk perunggasan yang efisien diperlukan penerapan manajemen rantai pasok secara terpadu. Dalam hal ini, pemerintah perlu memfasilitasi bagi tumbuh dan berkembangnya kemitraan usaha agribinis perunggasan melalui pendekatan manajemen rantai pasok secara terpadu.
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Khaleda, Syeda. "The poultry value chain and sustainable development of poultry microenterprises that utilize homestead lands: A case study in Gazipur, Bangladesh." Land Use Policy 30, no. 1 (January 2013): 642–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2012.05.010.
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Ayo-Bello, Taofeek Ayodeji, Osaige John Afodu, Tolulope Ogunleye, Lois Ndubuisi-Ogbonna, and Jesubukunmi Omoniyi. "AN ANALYTICAL ASSESSMENT OF POULTRY INDUSTRY AND ADOPTION OF POTENTIAL VALUE ADDITION INTERVENTIONS IN BY-PRODUCT PROCESSING TO ENHANCE PROFITABILITY – IBADAN, OYO STATE, NIGERIA." Agricultural Social Economic Journal 21, no. 3 (July 31, 2021): 185–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.agrise.2021.021.3.3.
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The need to diversify the Nigerian economy calls for value chain development of the agricultural and livestock sector. The main purpose of the study is to seek additional source of income for poultry producers through the processing of selected poultry by-products in the study area. A baseline study of poultry enterprises was carried out in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria using a purposive sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used in the collection of data and data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics, gross margin analysis and Logit regression. The result showed and exhibited a gross margin ratio of 82.9% indicating profitability of enterprise. The regression result revealed that the adoption of poultry by-products processing was by different factors at different level of significance in organic fertilizer was influence. The study revealed that the respondents ranked high cost of machineries (25%) as the major problem encountered by them. It was recommended that awareness should be intensified on management poultry by-products; encouragement of Public-Private Partnership (PPP), towards the provision of adequate infrastructure need for commercialization of poultry by-products processing in Nigeria.
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Salim, Hossan MD, Khan Shahidul Huque, Kazi M. Kamaruddin, and Anwarul Haque Beg. "Global Restriction of Using Antibiotic Growth Promoters and Alternative Strategies in Poultry Production." Science Progress 101, no. 1 (March 2018): 52–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/003685018x15173975498947.
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A growing global concern of antibiotic use in poultry diets due to its potential adverse effects on birds and human health, food safety and the environment has led to a complete ban or restricted use in some countries, and, at the same time, expanding options for the use of alternative feed additives. Multiple, rather than a single additive may replace antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) in poultry. Blending of feeding additives and hygienic farm management, vaccination and biosecurity may help achieve good intestinal health, stabilise enteric ecosystems and result in sustainable and cost effective production performance of birds. Moreover, controlling unsolicited ingredients at the production level must have the support of different markets responsible for the supply of safe and quality poultry products for consumers. This requires the further increase and diversification of value added poultry products and the expansion of their markets through strategic planning and gradual limitation of live bird markets. More research is warranted in order to explore suitable, reliable and cost effective alternatives to AGPs for commercial use, and strategic poultry value chain development.
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Shamsuddoha, Mohammad, Mohammed Quaddus, and Desmond Klass. "Sustainable poultry production process to mitigate socio-economic challenge." Humanomics 31, no. 3 (August 10, 2015): 242–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/h-09-2012-0017.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to review the literature and to develop a sustainable model for the poultry industry in an attempt to mitigate existing socio-economic problems. Sustainability along with positive socio-economic changes has gained prominence in recent years in academia and business in Bangladesh. This paper aimed at helping the poultry industry is used to develop a sustainable production process to mitigate socio-economical problems. Bangladesh poultry has yet to achieve sustainability in her extended forward and reverse supply chain. The design science method under a quantitative paradigm has been used in this study to develop a sustainable supply chain model for the case industry. A simulation model has been developed using the SIMUL8 software package to model the real poultry case. Finally, key performance indicators (KPIs) will be briefly discussed to illustrate the positive effects of developing a sustainable production process model. Design/methodology/approach – This study covers a literature review on environmental sustainability, reverse supply chain and Bangladesh poultry industry. This study adopted positivist ontology, empirical epistemology and quantitative methodology based on case studies of poultry industry. The design science methodology and case study method was chosen for this study. Design science is concerned with “devising artefacts to attain goals” (Simon, 1969). Design science is based on “build and evaluate” an artefact of a model (March and Smith, 1995). Here, an artefact means design and develop soft or hard objects that can meet specific purposes and goals (Venable, 2006a, 2006b). Case studies are observed descriptions of particular instance of an occurrence (Yin, 1994). Both primary and secondary information were used in this study. Findings – The findings of this study were mainly focused on developing a sustainable poultry model along with Islamic consensus. There is plethora research work conducted by the previous researcher. Such study will fill the research gap that also can guide to eliminate socio-economic problems of the society. Model output can easily determine the immediate impact over society, stakeholders and entrepreneurs. Optimality can be observed in the model environment so that real-life experiment does not require which is also expensive and time consuming. Research limitations/implications – The study only includes a sustainable poultry model with showing overall impact to mitigate the socio-economic problems in Bangladesh. This research can be extended more elaborately than this. Future research could be expanded based on different aspect of supply chain, Islamic finances and socio-economic problems. Practical implications – Poultry waste management could gain more social, economic and environmental benefit through implementing the model practically within the existing farm. Social implications – This paper provides a guidelines to create more employments and social benefits through sustainable poultry supply chain. Moreover, proper waste management can make it more worthy for the society. Originality/value – This paper has maintained originality to mitigate socio-economic challenge in Bangladesh through sustainable poultry supply chain.
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Bwalya, Richard, and Thomson Kalinda. "An Analysis of the Value Chain for Indigenous Chickens in Zambia’s Lusaka and Central Provinces." Journal of Agricultural Studies 2, no. 2 (July 5, 2014): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jas.v2i2.5918.
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Despite the enormous potential that indigenous chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) have for sustaining livelihoods, their production and marketing has been mostly neglected resulting in the sub-sector being highly underdeveloped with poor linkages between producers and consumers. The main objective of this study was to map and analyze the value chain for indigenous chickens in Lusaka and Central Provinces of Zambia. The study also analyzes the value added and the associated costs in the chain. Findings show that although almost all (99 percent) of smallholder households keep indigenous poultry, productivity and production is very low leading to low and unplanned sales. Low production is due to high mortality of indigenous chickens mainly as a result of limited producer knowledge of methods of disease prevention and breeding practices. The absence of processing along the value chain means that chickens are sold live (in open markets) and consequently cannot be retailed through formal channels like supermarkets leading to exclusion of potential middle and high income consumers. Although the value chain for indigenous chicken shows positive gross margins for all the players along the chain, there is need to address the various constraints affecting the value chain in order to improve the operation of the chain and hence lead to increased incomes for the value chain actors and at the same time ensuring cheap delivery of indigenous chicken in a more convenient form and in formal outlets.
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Ramesh, G. "Mainstreaming an Unorganized Industry: The Case of Suguna Poultry." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 35, no. 2 (April 2010): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090920100204.
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The Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) framework is quite rich with its concepts like sustainability, mainstreaming, stakeholders and their inclusiveness, citizenship, etc. The debate in CSR is increasingly about making it a part of core business process rather than treating it as a compliance function. In this context, the business model of Suguna Poultry was studied and it was observed that it can help in understanding the deeper meanings of these concepts in a concrete way. Suguna Poultry was started by two brothers, Soundararajan and Sundararajan with 200 birds 25 years back in Udumalpet, a small town in Tamil Nadu. After a lot of struggle and persistence, it scaled to reach a turnover of Rs.30,180 million in 2009, with presence in 11 states. The case is about how it managed to mesh its Business Model and Revenue Model with a Sustainable Development Model. The CSR theme is closely linked to their growth strategies and the entrepreneurs� basic philosophy towards business and stakeholders. The contribution of Suguna in the context of mainstreaming poultry industry, which belonged to unorganized sector in India are: It converted a commodity market into a product market It converted a neighbourhood market into a national market It pioneered several process innovations which changed the character of the industry itself. The business model is based on contract farming. It contributed mainly through (i) risk mitigation for the farmers which is their major bane and (ii) by providing integrated service which reduced the stages of intermediation and cost of transaction. Their process model emerges as a combination of (a) choice of appropriate technology, (b) extended organizational processes, and (c) value creating processes. The CSR aspects that emerge from the Suguna case are: Its Sustainable business model, which works for the benefit of the immediate as well as stakeholders at large. They achieved this through their entire value chain over a vast area. Achieving CSR within a ‘for profit’ objective and a ‘commercial orientation’ rather than through �charitable orientation. It offered a market relationship to farmers and not a benign or charitable relationship. This made the debt-ridden farmers self-confident entrepreneurs. Embedding CSR concerns in their core business processes and in the value system of management. The promoters as well as managers closely identify themselves with the contract farmers. Ensuring inclusive value chain model wherein all its stakeholders like growers, retailers, and customers are benefitted, and so one segment gains at the cost of another.
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Manning, L., R. N. Baines, and S. A. Chadd. "Quality assurance: a study of the primary poultry producers' perspective." British Food Journal 109, no. 4 (April 24, 2007): 291–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070700710736543.
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PurposeQuality assurance (QA) is considered to be a proven mechanism for delivering quality of product and service. This paper seeks to analyse how poultry producers view the benefits of the implementation of QA mechanisms in the poultry supply chain.Design/methodology/approachInitially, an information audit was undertaken to examine the recent developments in the area of research. The second stage involved qualitative and quantitative primary research. The poultry producers' attitudes were collected by means of a questionnaire. Attitudes were studied on two occasions. The data obtained from the study was analysed by a comparison of two means and then calculating the standard error of the difference in means.FindingsThis research has demonstrated that producers are primarily complying with farm assurance standards in order to maintain market access. In general, they have to date seen no other organisational or financial benefit of compliance other than continuing to supply their retail customers.Research limitations/implicationsLimitations concerning sample size, and possible skewing of respondent responses are discussed.Originality/valueThis research is of academic value and of value to those working in the food supply chain.
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Udoye, Charles Ekene, Mabel Ukamaka Dimelu, Ifeoma Q. Anugwa, Remigius I. Ozioko, and Favour C. Azubuike. "Actors’ Satisfaction with Poultry Value Chain Approach of the Commercial Agricultural Development Project in Enugu State, Nigeria." Journal of Agricultural Extension 23, no. 4 (October 11, 2019): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jae.v23i4.17.
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Pavlovic, Marija, Ivan Pavlovic, Milan Radovic, and Snezana Ivanovic. "Nutritive and microbial quality of feed for laying hens from the Serbian market in 2018." Veterinarski glasnik 73, no. 1 (2019): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl180221009p.
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Introduction. Complete feed mixtures for laying hens are formulated to meet the requirements of the animals, for which various recommendations exist. Because of its nutritive value, feed provides a favorable environment for the growth of microorganisms. Prominent bacterial pathogens in poultry feed include Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus, and Clostridium. There is a strong link between poultry feeds contaminated with bacteria pathogenic to humans and food borne disease occurrence, due to the feed-poultry-food-human chain. Materials and Methods. A total of fifty samples of complete feed mixtures for laying hens were collected during 2018 as a part of official controls. Feeds were analyzed for crude protein, crude ash, crude fat, crude cellulose, calcium and phosphorus, total numbers of bacteria, numbers of molds, Salmonella spp. and sulfite-reducing clostridia. Results and Conclusions. The feeds contained total bacteria and molds each at the level of 103 cfu g-1. Additionally, no Salmonella spp. or sulfite-reducing clostridia were detected in any feed sample. Saprophytic bacteria are frequently found in complete feed mixtures, but rarely are present in numbers considered as microbiologically unsafe. However, the presence of saprophytic bacteria can decrease the nutritive value of feed. The total number of bacteria and molds below the regulatory limits, as well as absence of pathogens in the commercially available poultry feed, indicates a high level of compliance with regulation. Furthermore, these results indicate the adequate implementation of controls and supervision of these poultry feed products in the Serbian market.
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Wood, B. J. "Calculating economic values for turkeys using a deterministic production model." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 89, no. 2 (June 1, 2009): 201–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas08105.
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Modern poultry breeding has been successful in achieving significant gains in production due to high fecundity, relatively short generation interval (in comparison with other species) and, last, the application of scientific processes in genetic evaluation. The objective of this paper was to document the development of an economic model relevant to the integrated turkey industry and to use the model to describe appropriate breeding objectives by calculating economic values for important production traits. The industry was modelled from the multiplier breeder down through to the processor. Each level in the production chain used a unit of production such as a live poult produced, a carcass delivered at the processing plant or a processed unit of meat to scale between different production divisions. Growth rate, feed consumption and breast meat yield all had similar relative economic value, while the reproductive traits (egg production, fertility and hatchability) had similar economic values to each other, but were smaller in comparison with the commercial production traits. The model was sensitive to assumed costs, such as feed price and, also for assumed returns in the form of breast meat value, and, as a consequence, care must be taken in the assumed pricing structure when calculating economic values for turkey breeding.Key words: Economic model, economic value, turkeys, breeding objectives
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Arenas-Navarro, Isnardo, Efrén David Montes, SofíaMargarita Serrano-Pinilla, and Diego Andrés Rueda-Ordoñez. "Development of a rainwater harvesting model for broiler farms." Revista UIS Ingenierías 19, no. 2 (May 3, 2020): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18273/revuin.v19n2-2020014.
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The access to water is critical in agricultural and livestock production.In the dry season, the water supply systems are under stress and have placed the region of La Mesa de Los Santos(Santander-Colombia) as susceptible to economic impacts due towater shortages, mainly caused by high demand ingrowth population, agriculture and the poultry production.Currently, the poultry production suffers from water shortages and has beensuppliedwith liquid in tanker trucks duringthe dry season, presenting a significant added cost to the farmers. The implementation of a rainwater-harvesting (RWH) system could reduce the water stress on the poultry industrial production of the region. The main objective of this research was to develop a mathematical model to identify the numbers of poultry grown cycles that a rainwater harvesting (RWH) system could potentially feed in an average year of precipitations. The analyses performed here considered daily rainfall data ranged from 2010 to 2018 obtained from the weather stations in La Mesa de Los Santos. The results of this research can be helpful to the entrepreneurs and policymakers by evaluating the importance of water management and the opportunity to take advantage of rainwater as a resource for sustainable poultry production, currently an important alternative to the value chain in the agricultural, livestock and industrial sector of the region.
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Thapa, Puja. "Application of micro algae in poultry nutrition; a review." Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources 3, no. 2 (October 30, 2020): 241–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/janr.v3i2.32512.
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In this review, we unveil the the use of microalgae as a feed ingredient in poultry nutrition. Microalgae are small-sized algae, unicellular, photosynthetic aquatic plants which have been studied as a natural marine resource for a number of economically applications, including animal feed. They are introduced to poultry diets mainly as a rich source of n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, including docohexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acid, but they can also serve as a protein, microelement, vitamin and antioxidants source, as well as a pigmentation agent for skin and egg yolks. The majority of experiments have shown that microalgae, mainly Spirulina and Chlorella sourced as a defatted biomass from biofuel production, can be successfully used as a feed ingredient in poultry nutrition. They can have beneficial effects on meat and egg quality, through an increased concentration of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and carotenoids, and in regards to performance indices and immune function. Positive results were obtained when fresh microalgae biomass was used to replace antibiotic growth promoters in poultry diets. Because of their chemical composition, microalgae can be efficiently used in poultry nutrition to enhance the pigmentation and nutritional value of meat and eggs, as well as partial replacement of conventional dietary protein sources.
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Yousefi, Mojtaba, Nasim Khorshidian, and Hedayat Hosseini. "An overview of the functionality of inulin in meat and poultry products." Nutrition & Food Science 48, no. 5 (September 10, 2018): 819–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nfs-11-2017-0253.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of different aspects of inulin functionality in meat and poultry products. Design/methodology/approach Several studies on the physiochemical, textural and sensorial effects of inulin incorporated in meat and poultry products as fat replacer and texture modifier were reviewed. Findings Inulin is a plant-derived carbohydrate composed of fructose units and glucosyl moieties at the end of the chain that exhibits unique nutritional and technological benefits. Among its main healthy characteristics, it has been reported to reduce the risk of colon cancer, arteriosclerosis, osteoporosis, diabetes and obesity, to maintain low levels of triglycerides and cholesterol in serum and stimulate the immune system. As a functional food ingredient, it can be used in various foods as a fat replacer, improves water-holding capacity and emulsion stability, as well as modifying the texture and viscosity of foods. Incorporation of inulin into meat and poultry products can be beneficial in producing low-fat products with desirable texture and sensory attributes. Originality/value There are limited reviews regarding the application of inulin in meat and poultry products. In this review, chemical composition and physicochemical properties of inulin, its health effects and various effects of inulin incorporation into meat and poultry products including, physicochemical, textural and sensory characteristics of these products are discussed.
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Matle, Itumeleng, Thendo Mafuna, Evelyn Madoroba, Khanyisile R. Mbatha, Kudakwashe Magwedere, and Rian Pierneef. "Population Structure of Non-ST6 Listeria monocytogenes Isolated in the Red Meat and Poultry Value Chain in South Africa." Microorganisms 8, no. 8 (July 30, 2020): 1152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8081152.
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Meat products have been implicated in many listeriosis outbreaks globally, however there is a dearth of information on the diversity of L. monocytogenes isolates circulating in food products in South Africa. The aim of this study was to investigate the population structure of L. monocytogenes isolated in the meat value chain within the South African market. Based on whole-genome sequence analysis, a total of 217 isolates were classified into two main lineage groupings namely lineages I (n = 97; 44.7%) and II (n = 120; 55.3%). The lineage groups were further differentiated into IIa (n = 95, 43.8%), IVb (n = 69, 31.8%), IIb (n = 28, 12.9%), and IIc (n = 25, 11.5%) sero-groups. The most abundant sequence types (STs) were ST204 (n = 32, 14.7%), ST2 (n = 30, 13.8%), ST1 (n = 25, 11.5%), ST9 (n = 24, 11.1%), and ST321 (n = 21, 9.7%). In addition, 14 clonal complex (CCs) were identified with over-representation of CC1, CC3, and CC121 in “Processed Meat-Beef”, “RTE-Poultry”, and “Raw-Lamb” meat categories, respectively. Listeria pathogenic islands were present in 7.4% (LIPI-1), 21.7% (LIPI-3), and 1.8% (LIPI-4) of the isolates. Mutation leading to premature stop codons was detected in inlA virulence genes across isolates identified as ST121 and ST321. The findings of this study demonstrated a high-level of genomic diversity among L. monocytogenes isolates recovered across the meat value chain control points in South Africa.
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Scicutella, Federica, Federica Mannelli, Matteo Daghio, Carlo Viti, and Arianna Buccioni. "Polyphenols and Organic Acids as Alternatives to Antimicrobials in Poultry Rearing: A Review." Antibiotics 10, no. 8 (August 20, 2021): 1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10081010.
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For decades antibiotics have been used in poultry rearing to support high levels of production. Nevertheless, several problems have arisen because of the misuse of antibiotics (i.e., antibiotic resistance, residues in animal products, environmental pollution). Thus, the European Union (EU) as well as the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) promote action plans to diminish the use of antibiotics in animal production. Alternatives to antibiotics have been studied. Polyphenols (PPs) or organic acids (OAs) seem to be two accredited solutions. Phenolic compounds, such as phenols, flavonoids, and tannins exert their antimicrobial effect with specific mechanisms. In contrast, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs), the OAs mainly used as antibiotics alternative, act on the pathogens depending on the pKa value. This review aims to collect the literature reporting the effects of these substances applied as antimicrobial molecules or growth promoter in poultry feeding (both for broilers and laying hens). Organic acids and PPs can be used individually or in blends, exploiting the properties of each component. Collected data highlighted that further research needs to focus on OAs in laying hens’ feeding and also determine the right combination in blends with PPs.
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Zduńczyk, Zenon, and Jan Jankowski. "Poultry Meat as Functional Food: Modification of the Fatty Acid Profile – A Review / Mięso drobiowe jako żywność funkcjonalna: modyfikacja profilu kwasów tłuszczowych – artykuł przeglądowy." Annals of Animal Science 13, no. 3 (July 1, 2013): 463–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2013-0039.
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Abstract Functional foods, defined as “foods that may provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition”, became increasingly popular in the past twenty years with numerous practical applications. In Europe, functional foods must be accompanied by scientifically substantiated health claims. Products which aspire to that category include poultry meat and processed meat products which have been modified through bird nutrition. This article reviews the existing knowledge about foods fortified with health-promoting additives. It discusses the physiological, economic and legal aspects of modifying poultry meat, including turkey meat which has been poorly investigated in this context. The addition of oils rich in PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acids), e.g. linseed oil, to poultry diets has been found to increase LC n-3 PUFA (long-chain omega-3 PUFA) concentrations in chicken and turkey meat. LC n-3 PUFAs participate in many processes that condition metabolism and health, and the nutritional value of meat, including poultry, is most commonly enhanced by increasing the proportion of LC n-3 PUFAs in the product's fatty acid composition. However, it increases feed costs and may cause a deterioration in the sensory attributes and oxidative stability of meat. Turkey breast meat is characterized by a relatively low fat content, which is why the fulfilment of health claim requirements is difficult in the European Union.
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HOSONO, Kenji, and Yuji YASHIMA. "Competitive Advantage Factors in Vertically Diversified Brand Chicken Business: A Partial Value Chain Analysis of a Japanese Poultry Wholesaler." Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly: JARQ 54, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 327–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.6090/jarq.54.327.
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Hughes, Alex, Emma Roe, and Suzanne Hocknell. "Food supply chains and the antimicrobial resistance challenge: On the framing, accomplishments and limitations of corporate responsibility." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 53, no. 6 (May 7, 2021): 1373–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x211015255.
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This paper presents a critique of supply chain responses to a particular global wicked problem – antimicrobial resistance (AMR). It evaluates the understanding of AMR (and drug-resistant infections) as a food system challenge and critically explores how responsibility for addressing it is framed and implemented. We place the spotlight on the AMR strategies applied in UK retailers’ domestic poultry and pork supply chains. This provides a timely analysis of corporate engagement with AMR in light of the 2016 O’Neill report on Tackling Drug Resistant Infections Globally, which positioned supermarket chains, processors, and regulators as holding key responsibilities. Research included interviews with retailers, industry bodies, policy makers, farmers, processors, consultants and campaigners. We evaluate how strategy for tackling AMR in the food system is focused on antimicrobial stewardship, particularly targets for reducing antibiotic use in domestic food production. The global value chain notion of multipolar governance, where influence derives from multiple nodes both inside and outside the supply chain, is blended with more-than-human assemblage perspectives to capture the implementation of targets. This conceptual fusion grasps how supply chain responsibility and influence works through both a distributed group of stakeholders and the ecological complexity of the AMR challenge. The paper demonstrates in turn: how the targets for reducing antibiotic use in domestic meat production represent a particular and narrowly defined strategic focus; how those targets have been met through distributed agency in the UK supply chain; and the geographical and biological limitations of the targets in tackling AMR as a wicked problem.
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Khaleda, Syeda, and Yuji Murayama. "Geographic Concentration and Development Potential of Poultry Microenterprises and Value Chain: A Study Based on Suitable Sites in Gazipur, Bangladesh." Social Sciences 2, no. 3 (August 6, 2013): 147–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci2030147.
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Rahman, MM, LR Barman, EH Chowdhury, and MR Islam. "Detection of Newcastle disease virus of poultry by real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction." Bangladesh Veterinarian 33, no. 1 (July 24, 2017): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bvet.v33i1.33309.
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A real-time reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) was used for the detection of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) of poultry. A panel of seven known isolates of NDV in the form of allantoic fluid, obtained from a laboratory repository, was used for the development of the test. RNA was extracted from the allantoic fluid with a magnetic processor based automated RNA extraction system. The identity of the reference virus was first reconfirmed by a conventional RT-PCR specific for the Fusion (F) protein gene. Using these RNA, the rRT-PCR protocol was optimized with regard to the reaction mix and thermal profile using published primers and probes specific for M gene. The sensitivity of standardized rRT-PCR was compared to that of the conventional RT-PCR using serial 10-fold dilutions of the RNA of a selected sample. The thermal profile was modified from the published one; the annealing and extension steps were combined to a single step performed at 60ºC. The adopted rRT-PCR successfully amplified M gene from all the seven reference samples with a CT value ranging from 15.28 to 32.68. The rRT-PCR for M gene was 100-fold more sensitive than the conventional RT-PCR for F gene. This is the first report of the use of rRT-PCR for the detection of NDV in Bangladesh. This test will be useful for virological surveillance, particularly for screening NDV in respiratory infections.Bangl. vet. 2016. Vol. 33, No. 1, 16-22
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Thiel, Daniel, Thi Le Hoa Vo, and Vincent Hovelaque. "Forecasts impacts on sanitary risk during a crisis: a case study." International Journal of Logistics Management 25, no. 2 (August 5, 2014): 358–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlm-04-2012-0028.
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Purpose – During a crisis situation, a poultry supply chain is faced with high variations on fresh chicken meat demand and has therefore to simultaneously manage excessive shelf-life stocks (in case of falling demand) and external purchases due to inventory shortages. In this case, the production plan is often established according to non-accurate sale forecasts which require ongoing adjustment. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – By using system dynamics, the paper developed a model of the French poultry supply chain during a given avian influenza crisis period. The authors compared exponential smoothing forecasting method to a word-of-mouth diffusion model which makes sense in a sanitary crisis context. Findings – An interesting result shows a complex relationship between the sanitary risk (which increases according to the slaughtered chicken's volume and storage time) and the additional external purchases (in case of low production generated by an insufficient forecasting launched 40 days before customer orders). Research limitations/implications – Additional costs which vary over time are required for further assumptions testing. Practical implications – The paper proposes to use a forecasting model which is not currently used by the professionals during a sanitary crisis period. This model is able to simulate an internal dissemination of a call for boycott of meat products (cf. negative word-of-mouth spread). Originality/value – The problem is how to maintain a less risky but significant buffer size to respond to a supply chain coping with both changes in customers’ demand and instability in production capacity.
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Irvine, Richard M. "A conceptual study of value chain analysis as a tool for assessing a veterinary surveillance system for poultry in Great Britain." Agricultural Systems 135 (May 2015): 143–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2014.12.007.
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Jose, Arun, and PrasannaVenkatesan Shanmugam. "Supply chain issues in SME food sector: a systematic review." Journal of Advances in Management Research 17, no. 1 (August 23, 2019): 19–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jamr-02-2019-0010.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the significant supply chain issues in the small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) food industry. The objectives are to identify the major themes and the dynamic evolution of SME food supply chain (FSC) issues, the current research trends, the different modelling approaches used in SME FSC, and the most addressed SME food sector. Design/methodology/approach In all, 3,733 published articles from 2002 to 2018 in the Clarivate Analytics Web of Science database were collected, from which 1,091 articles were shortlisted for the review. The authors used bibliographic coupling combined with co-word analysis to identify the historical relations of the research themes that emerged during the periods 2002–2014 and 2002–2018. Findings This research identified five major research themes such as production and distribution in alternative food networks, relationship, safety and standards in the FSC, greenhouse gas (GHG) emission impact of the farm food system, traceability and product quality in FSC and asymmetric price transmission in the FSC. Among the identified themes, GHG emission impact of the farm food system and traceability and product quality in the FSC have received increasing attention in recent years. The dairy sector is the most addressed sector (36 per cent), followed by fruits and vegetables (27 per cent), meat and poultry (18 per cent), seafood (10 per cent) and grains and oilseed (8 per cent). It is also identified that the dairy sector has received significant attention in the “GHG Emission impact of farm food system” theme. Similarly, meat and poultry sectors have received much attention in the “Traceability and product quality in the food supply chain” theme. Also, the authors identified that the empirical modelling approaches are the most commonly used solution methodology, followed by the conceptual/qualitative methods in the SME FSC. Originality/value This study maps and summarizes the existing knowledge base of supply chain issues in the SME food sector. The results of this review provide the major research areas, most commonly used approaches and food sectors addressed. This study also highlights the research gaps and potential future research direction.
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LAKE, ROBIN J., BEVERLEY J. HORN, ALEX H. DUNN, RUTH PARRIS, F. TERRI GREEN, and DON C. McNICKLE. "Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions To Control Campylobacter in the New Zealand Poultry Meat Food Supply." Journal of Food Protection 76, no. 7 (July 1, 2013): 1161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-12-481.
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An analysis of the cost-effectiveness of interventions to control Campylobacter in the New Zealand poultry supply examined a series of interventions. Effectiveness was evaluated in terms of reduced health burden measured by disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Costs of implementation were estimated from the value of cost elements, determined by discussions with industry. Benefits were estimated by changing the inputs to a poultry food chain quantitative risk model. Proportional reductions in the number of predicted Campylobacter infections were converted into reductions in the burden of disease measured in DALYs. Cost-effectiveness ratios were calculated for each intervention, as cost per DALY reduction and the ratios compared. The results suggest that the most cost-effective interventions (lowest ratios) are at the primary processing stage. Potential phage-based controls in broiler houses were also highly cost-effective. This study is limited by the ability to quantify costs of implementation and assumptions required to estimate health benefits, but it supports the implementation of interventions at the primary processing stage as providing the greatest quantum of benefit and lowest cost-effectiveness ratios.
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Ghozzi, Houda, Claudio Soregaroli, Stefano Boccaletti, and Loïc Sauvée. "Impacts of non-GMO standards on poultry supply chain governance: transaction cost approach vs resource-based view." Supply Chain Management: An International Journal 21, no. 6 (September 12, 2016): 743–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/scm-03-2016-0089.
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Purpose Following a negative attitude of consumers toward genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and the spaces left by the labeling legislation on GMOs of different countries, some retailers and processors introduced their own non-GMO standards, with the intention of avoiding the presence of GMOs in their products. This paper aims to understand how the implementation of these new retailer-driven standards affects governance structures along the supply chain and the determinants of such change focusing on transaction cost approach (TCA) vs resource-based view (RBV). Design/methodology/approach The non-GMO introduction is investigated as a case study in the poultry industry of France and Italy. The case relies on data primarily collected from interviews with the main actors at five stages of the supply chain from the retailer up to animal feed and crop production. Findings Findings indicate that the introduction of non-GMO products had different impacts on the transactions along the supply chain, generally leading to more integrated relationships. Theoretical relevance depends on the observed transaction and the type of governance structure considered. Interestingly, only RBV explains the shift toward hierarchical governance when this is observed. Originality/value This paper contributes to the empirical literature highlighting the upstream effects caused by the adoption of new standards. On the theoretical side, building on Conner and Prahalad’s (1996) seminal work and leveraging on the concepts of opportunism, “potential” superior knowledge and strategic importance of an activity, this research suggests a comparative framework for identifying governance structures and their determinants under TCA and RBV.
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Yuni, Revita, Roza Thohiri, Pebri Hastuti, and Putri Sari M. J. Silaban. "INITIATING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF BASIC PRINCIPLES OF GOOD COOPERATIVE GOVERNANCE IN THE VALUE CHAIN FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT AT THE COOPERATIVE OF FAJAR SURYA MANDIRI IN THE DISTRICT OF SIMALUNGUN." Journal of Community Research and Service 2, no. 2 (May 13, 2019): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/jcrs.v2i2.13173.
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AbstractThis applied research focuses on the initiative to develop a model of value chain financial management that further enabling the implementation of cooperative governance in the whole aspect of business managed by the cooperative of Fajar Surya Mandiri located at the village of Bandar Jawa, of sub-district of Bandar in the district of Simalungun at the Province of Sumatera Utara, Indonesia. More specifically, the application internal control system was introduced in cooperative business management activities that are mainly engaged with poultry and freshwater pond fish productions. The management was facilitated with the technical knowledge on the preparation of financial statements based on Financial Accounting Standard of Entities without Public Accountability as well as guiding staffs in the preparation of Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for accounting and finance related activities and developing a website that provides profile and products of the cooperative. Applied outcomes of this community service engagement consisted of SOP and guidelines on the preparation of the financial statements of the cooperative as well as the company website and social media accounts for relevant marketing purposes.Keywords: Applied Research, Cooperative, SOP of Financial Reporting, Value Chain Financial Management, Simalungun.
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FAULLIMEL, CEDRIC, SAÏD ENNAHAR, DALAL AOUDE-WERNER, PATRICK GUTERL, and ERIC MARCHIONI. "DNA Comet Assay for the Detection of Time-Temperature Abuse during the Storage of Poultry." Journal of Food Protection 68, no. 7 (July 1, 2005): 1414–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-68.7.1414.
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Effects of abusive storage conditions on the quality of fresh chicken were studied by detecting DNA damage to breast fillets and liver with the neutral comet assay. Chilled samples were kept at 4°C for prolonged periods, whereas frozen samples were exposed to temperatures of 4°C, representing inadvertent thawing, and 20°C, representing extreme abuse in the distribution chain. Comets' mean tail moment distributions reflected the increasing patterns of DNA damage, but the differences of values between close levels of treatment were sometimes insignificant. The design of the DNA damage index, integrating the distribution of mean tail moments over three trials, provided values significantly different, which allowed a more precise discrimination between samples according to the treatment levels. Considering the background level of DNA damage in control cells, a DNA damage index value of 50 μm was set as a limit for the detection of abusive storage. Temperature abuse could be detected after 7 and 22 h of exposure at 4°C for liver and breast, respectively. These durations were by far shorter (1.5 and 2.5 h, respectively) when the temperature was increased to 20°C. As for chilled storage, its damaging effects could be detected after 1.5 and 2.5 days for liver and breast, respectively. Liver cells were more sensitive to abusive conditions than breast muscle cells. The comet assay's detection limit was applicable to samples that were still considered of good quality with regard to the microbiological shelf life, thereby showing its high sensitivity as a rapid test for assessing the quality of fresh chicken.
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Mubamba, Chrisborn, Gavin Ramsay, Celia Abolnik, George Dautu, and Bruce Gummow. "Combining value chain and social network analysis as a viable tool for informing targeted disease surveillance in the rural poultry sector of Zambia." Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 65, no. 6 (July 19, 2018): 1786–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tbed.12953.
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Olumide, M. D., and O. O. Odunowo. "Blood profile of broiler chickens fed supplemented garlic-based diets." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 46, no. 3 (June 30, 2019): 253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v46i3.2600.
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Conventional supplements have been criticised for their potential negative impact on the food chain. Poultry researchers and nutritionists have been searching for viable alternative feed additives. Poultry production is still facing challenges of diseases and a lot of research are still on going. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of garlic (Allium sativum) supplementation on the blood profile of broiler chicken. One hundred and fifty-day old Marshal strains of broiler chicken were assigned to five dietary treatments with thirty birds in a Completely Randomized Design. The thirty chicks were subdivided into three replicates of 10 birds each. Feed and water were offered ad libitum and mortality was recorded as it occurred. Blood were collected from two birds per replicate to determine haematological and serum biochemical responses. No significant (p>0.05) difference was observed in the haematological response and serum biochemistry profile of broilers fed experimental diets, with the exception of the Cholesterol level which significantly (p<0.05) decreased as the level of inclusion of the garlic increased, with the control diet having the highest value (135.38mg/dL) while the least value (129.80mg/dL) was obtained from diets containing 0.8% inclusion of garlic. Therefore, the inclusion of garlic (Allium sativum) in the diets of broiler chicken had no deleterious effects on the blood profile of the experimental birds but improved the cholesterol level of the birds at the inclusion level of 0.4g/ton of feed.
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Ewetola, I. A., A. A. Amisu, S. O. Jimoh, T. O. Muraina, J. A. Olanite, and O. M. Arigbede. "Impact of fertilizer types on the nutritive quality of two tropical grass species harvested at different stages of growth during wet season." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 47, no. 3 (December 17, 2020): 309–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v47i3.169.
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The use of inorganic fertilizers has been reported to have improved pasture productivity, however it has also attributed to soil toxicity, environmental pollution, mineral imbalance, and health hazards among many adverse effects. This made the adoption of organic fertilizers became best alternative to correct nutrients deficiencies in the soil due to their environmental friendly nature and less cost effectiveness. To investigate the comparative advantages of these two types of fertilizer, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of fertilizer types on the nutritive quality of Panicum maximum var. Ntchisi and Andropogon tectorum harvested at 6 and 8 weeks during the wet season. The study was a factorial experiment (4 x 2 x 2), arranged in a split-split-plot design with three replicates. There were 16 treatments to include; fertilizer types (NPK, Aleshinloye organo-mineral fertilizer, poultry manure and control (no fertilizer)), grass species (Panicum maximum var. Ntchisi and Andropogon tectorum) and age at harvest (6 and 8 weeks). Fertilizer treatments were allotted to the main plots while grass species were allotted to sub-plots and again harvest age was allotted to sub-subplots. Sub-samples taken from harvested forage materials were oven dried, properly milled and analysed in the laboratory to determine proximate composition [crude protein (CP%), ash, ether extract (EE%)], fibre fractions [acid detergent fibre (ADF%), neutral detergent fibre (NDF%), acid detergent lignin (ADL%), Cellulose, and Hemicelluloses) and in vitro gas production. Fertilizer types significantly (P<0.0.5) affected ADF, hemicellulose, cellulose and methane (CH4). The grasses fertilized with NPK had the highest value (9.00mL) for CH4. Poultry manure (PM) fertilized grasses recorded the highest value for in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) (89.38%). Andropogon tectorum fertilized with PM harvested at 6 weeks recorded the highest value for IVDMD (93.00%) and the same grass fertilized with NPK, harvested at 6 weeks recorded the highest values (0.37 mL and 4.70%) for short chain fatty acid and metabolizable energy, respectively. Therefore, this study established that fertilizer applications had an influence on fibre fraction, methane and post-incubation parameters of the grasses investigated.
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Odongo, W., C. A. Okia, N. Nalika, P. H. Nzabamwita, J. Ndimubandi, and P. Nyeko. "Marketing of edible insects in Lake Victoria basin: the case of Uganda and Burundi." Journal of Insects as Food and Feed 4, no. 4 (December 7, 2018): 285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jiff2017.0071.
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This paper assesses the marketing of edible insects with the aim of understanding the market opportunities, market players, and the value chain of edible insect products in the Lake Victoria basin. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect data on edible insects marketing from 147 edible insect traders in Uganda and Burundi. Results showed that the most commercialised edible insect was Ruspolia differens. The marketing of edible insects was concentrated in urban areas, where they were considered a delicacy. Household collections were largely consumed within the homes and a small proportion was sold to neighbours. The marketing of edible insects was characterised by minimal value addition, lack of standardisation and adequate market information. We find that edible insects have high market potentials, with demand often outstripping supply throughout the year, and unit prices always higher than competing products such as beef, pork and poultry in the market. Marketing of edible insects therefore presents a livelihood opportunity and option for the communities in the Lake Victoria basin. However, for this to be realised there is need to explore options of adding value to edible insects as well as standardising their packaging, weighing and pricing.
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BOLTON, F. J., A. D. SAILS, A. J. FOX, D. R. A. WAREING, and D. L. A. GREENWAY. "Detection of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in Foods by Enrichment Culture and Polymerase Chain Reaction Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay." Journal of Food Protection 65, no. 5 (May 1, 2002): 760–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-65.5.760.
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A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay based on a solution hybridization format with colorimetric end-point detection (PCR ELISA) was investigated for the specific detection of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in food samples following enrichment culture. One hundred fifteen samples of raw meat and offal (poultry, porcine, ovine, and bovine), raw shellfish, and artificially contaminated milk were enriched in blood-free Campylobacter Enrichment Broth for 48 h. Enrichment cultures were subcultured to Campylobacter blood-free selective agar plates, and presumptive isolates were identified by phenotypic methods. DNA was extracted from 1-ml aliquots of the enrichment cultures using a rapid extraction method, and the DNA was used as the template in a PCR ELISA. A comparison of the PCR ELISA with the enrichment culture and subculture to selective agar method showed that the results of 112 of the 115 samples tested were in agreement by both methods. Seventy-one of the various food samples were positive in the PCR ELISA, and 70 samples were positive by culture. The PCR ELISA had a sensitivity of 99% and a specificity of 96%, with a positive predictive value of 97% and a negative predictive value of 98%. The PCR ELISA is a rapid, sensitive, and specific method for the detection of C. jejuni and C. coli in foods following enrichment culture and significantly reduces the time required for their detection.
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Meneses-Jácome, A., A. Osorio-Molina, R. Parra-Saldívar, D. Gallego-Suárez, H. I. Velásquez-Arredondo, and A. A. Ruiz-Colorado. "LCA applied to elucidate opportunities for biogas from wastewaters in Colombia." Water Science and Technology 71, no. 2 (December 9, 2014): 211–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2014.477.
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Biogas produced in municipal and industrial wastewater treatment facilities (BWWF) is a resource wasted in several socio-economic contexts. BWWF-based projects are compared against energy projects using conventional electricity or natural gas (NG), following strict economic considerations that usually tip the balance in favour of conventional energy supply. This is because the economic gain associated with the environmental benefits of using small biogas sources like BWWF does not overcome the technical and financial effort required in these types of project. This paper shows a broader application of life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology to explore opportunities for positive (or effective) utilization of BWWF in the Colombian context. LCA has been used to evaluate the supply-chain of NG which is the direct competitor of BWWF, in three different Colombian regions, in order to identify those where higher NG environmental impacts offer increased environmental added-value to BWWF use. LCA was also applied to study two BWWF valorization scenarios in the poultry processing industry. It shows how valorization options for BWWF are more realistic and effective when specific-regional loads are applied to the environmental assessment of NG supply-chain and BWWF valorization.
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Nishimwe, Kizito, Erin Bowers, Jean de Dieu Ayabagabo, Richard Habimana, Samuel Mutiga, and Dirk Maier. "Assessment of Aflatoxin and Fumonisin Contamination and Associated Risk Factors in Feed and Feed Ingredients in Rwanda." Toxins 11, no. 5 (May 14, 2019): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins11050270.
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Mycotoxins are fungal metabolites that contaminate crops, food, and animal feeds. Aflatoxins and fumonisins are among the mycotoxins that have been increasingly reported to affect health and productivity of livestock globally. Given that the health and productivity of livestock can directly influence human food safety and security, a study was conducted to assess the levels and factors for aflatoxin and fumonisin contamination in feed and feed ingredients in Rwanda. Aflatoxins and fumonisins were analyzed in 3328 feed and feed ingredient samples collected at six time points between March and October 2017 in all 30 districts of Rwanda. Of the 612 participants providing samples, there were 10 feed processors, 68 feed vendors, 225 dairy farmers, and 309 poultry farmers. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was used for aflatoxin and fumonisin analyses. Mean aflatoxin levels of 108.83 µg/kg (Median (MD): 43.65 µg/kg), 103.81µg/kg (MD: 48.4 µg/kg), 88.64 µg/kg (MD: 30.90 µg/kg), and 94.95 µg/kg (MD: 70.45 µg/kg) were determined for dairy farmers, poultry farmers, feed vendors, and feed processors, respectively. Mean fumonisin levels were 1.52 mg/kg (MD: 0.71 mg/kg), 1.21 mg/kg (MD: 0.56 mg/kg), 1.48 mg/kg (MD: 0.76 mg/kg), and 1.03 mg/kg (MD: 0.47 mg/kg) for dairy farmers, poultry farmers, feed vendors, and feed processors, respectively. Aflatoxin contamination was significantly affected by time of sampling and district from which feed samples originated (p < 0.05). Fumonisins did not show any correlation trends. Ninety-two percent of survey participants were unaware of aflatoxins and fumonisins and their adverse effects. This study has provided the basic understanding of the extent of feed contamination across the country and has established a baseline for future interventions in Rwanda. Further studies are needed to explore strategies for mitigating mycotoxins in the feed value chain in Rwanda.
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Schiavo, Gustavo, Andre Luis Korzenowski, Eduardo Roberto Soares Batista, Davenilcio Luiz de Souza, and Annibal Scavarda. "Customers’ quality demands as directions to the cold chicken supply chain management." Business Process Management Journal 24, no. 3 (June 4, 2018): 771–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-11-2016-0224.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the perception of the cold chicken meat value in its supply chain and how to manage the influence of quality demands in this supply chain. It is based on the views that retails and restaurants have about the main quality aspects required to meet their end customers.Design/methodology/approachThis paper surveyed 135 respondents from restaurants, butcheries, supermarkets, and convenience stores located in the Southern Brazilian metropolitan area. Principal component analysis followed by quality function deployment was performed to analyze the data.FindingsThe principal component analysis results in seven factors: product quality and flexibility of delivery; supply flexibility; responsiveness to market changes and product assortment; measurements of the inventory and competitiveness; product specificity; product availability and specificity cost; and delivery frequency. The comparative study on the steps of the process between restaurants and retailers shows that distribution, cutting and packaging are the key process steps in this chain.Practical implicationsThe results show what process steps must be prioritized to comply with the customers’ quality requirements. Since the most important process steps are different for different customers, companies may elect what steps require more attention to satisfy the most profitable customer types.Originality/valueSeveral studies are found in the literature that present a theoretical discussion on the quality demands of perishable products. The management of factors related to the process steps can help members of the supply chain in their decision-making processes. The contribution of this research is to identify, by an applied study, how the demanded quality aspects should be considered by the poultry industry to satisfy customers in different market segments.
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Yang, Ge, Hongzhao Lu, Ling Wang, Jiarong Zhao, Wenxian Zeng, and Tao Zhang. "Genome-Wide Identification and Transcriptional Expression of the METTL21C Gene Family in Chicken." Genes 10, no. 8 (August 20, 2019): 628. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10080628.
Full textAbstract:
The chicken is a common type of poultry that is economically important both for its medicinal and nutritional values. Previous studies have found that free-range chickens have more skeletal muscle mass. The methyltransferase-like 21C gene (METTL21C) plays an important role in muscle development; however, there have been few reports on the role of METTL21C in chickens. In this study, we performed a genome-wide identification of chicken METTL21C genes and analyzed their phylogeny, transcriptional expression profile, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). We identified 10 GgMETTL21C genes from chickens, 11 from mice, and 32 from humans, and these genes were divided into six groups, which showed a large amount of variation among these three species. A total of 15 motifs were detected in METTL21C genes, and the intron phase of the gene structure showed that the METTL21C gene family was conservative in evolution. Further, both the transcript data and qPCR showed that a single gene’s (GgMETTL21C3) expression level increased with the muscle development of chickens, indicating that the METTL21C genes are involved in the development of chicken muscles. Our results provide some reference value for the subsequent study of the function of METTL21C.
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Tsolakis, Naoum, Foivos Anastasiadis, and Jagjit Srai. "Sustainability Performance in Food Supply Networks: Insights from the UK Industry." Sustainability 10, no. 9 (September 3, 2018): 3148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10093148.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this research is to introduce a qualitative sustainability performance assessment framework for food supply networks, based on the perception of their key stakeholders’ upper management. Moreover, the paper provides industry insights by exemplifying the value of the proposed framework for the UK food industry. A critical review on the most acknowledged sustainability assessment methodologies and tools resulted in the synthesis of the proposed framework. An illustrative application follows, based on data from semi-structured interviews with C-level executives from key players of the UK poultry sector. The results demonstrate an easy-to-use approach, with a comprehensive and sharp outcome on supply chain sustainability performance assessment. Industry insights demonstrate an adequate sustainability performance with respect to the entire supply chain. A detailed view on different echelons reveals specific areas that could be improved, such as the environmental performance at both farming (production) and processing levels. This work extends the scope of current sustainability performance assessment tools by providing a tangible triple bottom-line overview, as well as echelon-specific and indicator-specific details, in a user-friendly, yet straightforward, way. UK food industry insights are valuable for practitioners and academics. The illustration is based exclusively on C-level executives’ viewpoint; thus, any generalization of the results should be considered to this effect. Supply chain stakeholders, policy-makers, and researchers could perform a quick and reliable supply network sustainability performance assessment.
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Paska, I., Yu Grinchuk, and I. Artіmonova. "Determinants of formation of agro-food chains in the environment of households of Ukraine." Ekonomìka ta upravlìnnâ APK, no. 1(162) (April 22, 2021): 28–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9262-2021-162-1-28-40.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to the study of the determinants of the formation of agri-food chains in the households of Ukraine and the substantiation of the directions of their integration into competitive supply chains. It is argued that the developments in both scientific and practical aspects of creating conditions and prerequisites for the integration of PF in the competitiveness of the supply chain and increasing value added at each level of its participants are relevant. It is highlighted that local supply chains in foreign practice are considered as tools for generating income of the rural population, the implementation of the principles of sustainable development of rural areas, as well as considered as short, local and "smart chains". It is substantiated that it is the promotion of the development of local agricultural chains with the involvement of PF in domestic practice that will contribute to the sustainable development of rural areas, ensuring food security of the country. It is argued that in order to create preconditions and conditions for the development of rural households for crop production, it is necessary to develop measures to streamline sales channels and include them in competitive supply chains. It is established that a significant part of agricultural products grown by households is used for self-sufficiency of the family, feed for farm animals and poultry, and surplus products, especially in remote rural areas, are lost due to spoilage and unclaimed. It is clear that the informal relationship between the distribution and exchange of crop products produced in PF is not a tool to maximize the profits of their members. and, therefore, it is advisable to create favorable economic conditions for their inclusion in the supply chain of agricultural production. The characteristic properties of commodity parties, PF are systematized, namely: small volumes of production, low technological standards, limited production resources, which limits the opportunities to use the potential opportunities to return capital on a scale. It was found that a certain part of the grown crop products is sold by PF through a network of retail food markets, the sale of fruits and vegetables and potatoes is carried out through retail organizations, wholesale markets for agricultural products and trade intermediaries. Measures are proposed to integrate PF into value chains on the basis of creating a network of regional wholesale and distribution centers and organizing units for purchasing surplus agricultural products, deepening the development of agricultural cooperation. Key words: agricultural sector, employment, rural households, small farmers, competitive supply chains.