Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pouvoir discrétionnaire des juges'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Pouvoir discrétionnaire des juges.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Dahraoui, Omar. "Le pouvoir discrétionnaire du juge en droit marocain." Perpignan, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PERP0548.
Full textThe first part of thesis focuses on the discretionary power of penal judge in regards to the qualification of criminal act, punishment evaluation (Chap. I) as well as evidence (Chap. II). As for the second part of work, it deals with the judge summing up power in contractual field, delictuel civil responsability (Chap. II) under the supervision of the supreme court
Al-Amiri, Samer Saadoun. "Le pouvoir discrétionnaire du juge pénal." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON10009.
Full textAt the various stages of the proceedings, from the start of the trial until its closure and the pronunciation of the verdict, the judge has a specific power called "discretionary". Such power is not subject to the control of a supreme court. The latitude of discretion of the judge raises several issues to determine its legal nature and essence. At several occasions, the extent of this power has also created a confusion with some related concepts, such as arbitrary power, sovereign power and the intimate conviction of the judge. In addition, to prevent any risk of arbitrary power, the legislator has imposed the Criminal Court, under Law No. 939-2011 of 10 August 2011, to provide a motivation of its sentence. Notwithstanding this obligation, the scope of such discretion remains wide during the trial. Consequently, it greatly affects the principle of impartiality of the judge and the principle of equality of citizens before the law. In this light, we consider appropriate to study, firstly, the extent of compatibility between this power and the ideological concept of justice, and the impact of his personal view to implement the justice. Secondly, we emphasize the exercise of the discretionary power by the judge with regard to the rules of evidence and the choice of sentence. The study also highlighted some foreign and Arab legal systems
Baldous, Benjamin. "Les pouvoirs du juge de pleine juridiction." Aix-Marseille 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX32017.
Full textCancellation reformation compensation injunction (particulary within the law of 8 february 1995. ) history of this powers 1790-1998. Relations between the "full-jurisdiction" judge and the cancellation judge justifications of the powers of "full-jurisdiction" judge : importance of political jus, tifications. Analyse of classic and modem french doctrine to the point of this justifications: laferriere,aucoc, hauriou, duguit, jeze,romieu,guillien, waline,sandevoir,chevallier, chapus, auby,woehrling, fornacciari,genevois. Contentious matters of responsibility, contract, electoral, fiscal, classified installation, ruins building, political refugees
Bouveresse, Aude. "Le pouvoir discrétionnaire dans l'ordre juridique communautaire." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STR30015.
Full textA lot of studies have been dedicated to discretionary power in national’s legal systems. Key point of the dialectic between power and law, it is not surprising that this topic has been impassioned the doctrine. Even so, no significant analysis dealt, in European law, with this concept yet. However identification of its foundations, its modes of enforcement and its limits can not he found by a simple commutation of national results. The specificity of the European institutional structure and processes distinguish the exercise of power in this particular context. Moreover, the aims of the treaty, still mainly economic, and the European rules of law occasionally fragmentary and often ambiguous promote the acknowledgement of a large power of discretion of European institutions. Theses circumstances explain that the European Court of Justice fulfils a task which can not be compared with the one assumed by national Court in the review of legality. But, the discretionary power, defined in the legality and by the jurisdictional review, can not he understood in its entirety through these scopes of definition. Indeed the definition of discretionary power should also be considered in a wider time-frame work and placed in the context of the transformations of the law. The development of new policy instruments in the European context as the soft law has subsequently modify the concept of legality which is not able anymore to guarantee the legitimacy of the power of discretion. Henceforth it seems that this power of choice should be legitimized by the concrete demonstration of its rightfulness, the concept of legitimacy “over-defining” its definition
Nasah, Kuate Mirande. "La légitimité du juge." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998STR30018.
Full textThe idea of democraty involves that the legitimacy of a power must come from election. Therefore the first conclusion that is drawn from this statement is that, the judge is not legitimate because he is not elected but nominated by the executive power. This conclusion is totally wrong because legitimacy can not just comme from election, there are others sources of legitimacy, every fonction must have her own sources of legitimacy. So, the comptetence of the judge, his relative independance, his impartiality and the rules of procedures that he follows are the fondaments of his legitimacy. But those criterias are unsufficient and unable to explain the transformation of the role of the judge. In fact, this transformation has also transform the question of legitimacy and the problem today is the one of the legitimacy of the production of social norms. This is due to the emergence of new judicial actors who appear on the judicial scene and solve conflicts as if the were the real masters of judicial power. We are definetely going to face new forms of regulation of conflicts and it will be quite interesting to interrogate ourselves on the new role of the judge in the postmodern society
Dosen-Lepoutre, Manon. "Le pouvoir discrétionnaire en droit international public." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ULILD002.
Full textWhat words should be used to describe the power of subjects of international law? Among a wide range of possibilities, it is sometimes described as “discretionary”. This choice is not accidental. Behind the apparent freedom conveyed by the term lies the rule of law. Discretion is both a recognition and a limitation of the power of the subjects of international law. The purpose of this study is to observe how the use of this concept contributes to the progress of the international legal order. In fact, the discretionary power has historically spread from domestic orders to the international order, in a deliberate and discursive movement initiated by a part of the internationalist doctrine to relegate sovereignty, perceived as the vector of an absolutism from which the discretionary power breaks away. The interest of this concept lies indeed in its ability to grasp the decision-making process. Its analytical decomposition highlights two stages: the determination of the opportunity to act and then the modalities of that action. Thus placed on a “scale” of discretion, power in international law is once again part of a dialectic between freedom and constraint. A study of case law confirms how international judges have shaped the concept around the issues of respect for the intended purpose of the powers and the adequacy of the factual and legal grounds of the action. Discretion under judicial review is both enshrined in and subordinated to international law
Lafay, Fabien. "Le pouvoir modérateur du juge en droit privé." Lyon 3, 2004. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2004_out_lafay_f.pdf.
Full textAmbra, Dominique d'. "L'objet de la fonction juridictionnelle : dire le droit et trancher les litiges." Strasbourg 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR30009.
Full textThe judicial act may be better understood by the object of the judicial function which is to lay down the law resolve disputes. The judiciary is independent of th other branches of government. When laying down the law to settle a dispute the judge is not constrained to apply enacted law. Because he is bound to act according to different juridical noms, he interprets statute and case law, contributes to the development of common law rules and gneral principles of law and creates veritable rules of law. It follows as a matter of logic that he is entitled to introduce equity his decision making. This creative function is the source of his power. Courts of record have at their disposal effective means of exerting control over inferior tribunals and thus enjoy considerable regulatory power although legal theory hesitates to recognize it. The judge also has in a mysterious way another type of power: a disciplinary power the object of which is to observe and classify individuals in order to regulate their conduct. But this disciplinary power has been grafted on to the exercise of the judicial function as it has to the functioning of other institutions and it is not possible to be more specific. In reality the essence of the judicial function is to bring to an end litigation : the notion of litigation distinguishes the jude's acts from the jurisdictional function and separates the jurisdictional from the jurisprudential contents of his judgment. The function of resolving disputes confers a regulatory power on the judge, his legitimacy and his terms of rederence but it has also established the conditions for the development of disciplinary power which tends insidiously to render such function unnatural
Fischer, Jérôme. "Le pouvoir modérateur du juge en droit privé français." Toulouse 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU10028.
Full textGallardo, Jean-Michel. "Le pouvoir discrétionnaire de l'administration et le juge de l'excès de pouvoir." Pau, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PAUU2012.
Full textChalas, Christelle. "L'exercice discrétionnaire de la compétence juridictionnelle en droit international privé." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010301.
Full textNevejans, Nathalie. "La participation des sciences de la vie et de la sante a la decision du juge civil et penal." Lille 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIL20006.
Full textHaëm, Rudolph d'. "Le juge unique administratif." Paris 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA020068.
Full textAmar-Layani, Brigitte. "Le contrôle de constitutionnalité de l'acte juridique privé." Toulouse 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU1A001.
Full textBoronad-Lesoin, Elodie. "La nullité facultative." Grenoble 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE21032.
Full textBouiffror, Sofiène. "Le pouvoir d'appréciation des juges : le cas de la Cour internationale de justice." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100160.
Full textThe discrétion is the freedom of décision left to the judge in carrying out its missions. Based on the intimate conviction of judges, it is at best discretionary or non-existent. His extended varies depending on the courts and each of them, depending on various parameters whose contours are predetermined, but the content is specific to each case. Therefore, knowledge of the discretion of a judge can see the outline of the decisions that judges have to make. This importance is increased tenfold for the international court of justice. The world court is the judicial privileged settlement of disputes between states. It is also the principal judicial organ of the united nations. To the extent that its activity is part of a decentralized legal system, the emphasis on discretion of the court is essential to the knowledge of its judicial policy. It is also essential for the control of international law. However, analysis of the discretion of the world court reveals a standardized decision-making freedom
Doka, Boura Aude. "Le juge du contrat et la clause résolutoire." Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT3027/document.
Full textThe parties, by inserting a resolutory clause in their contract, can exert a real influence on the powers of the judge. In fact, by means of this clause, these parties seek to adjust the powers of the judge both upstream to the design and downstream in the implementation of this clause. Most of the judge's powers may be affected to varying degrees by the parties' predictions. But the fact remains that the powers held by these parties in the presence of a resolutory clause are not absolute and may at certain moments present real dangers. Indeed, the judge does not show a total submission to the forecasts of the contractors in the presence of a resolutory clause. If this judge has, in some areas of this clause lost exclusivity, this exclusivity has still not disappeared. The imperium of the judge sometimes competes with that of the contractors to call the latter to order when necessary. In this sense, the judge reacts by, for example, controlling, qualifying, interpreting and noting the acquisition of this clause that the parties thought they could protect him from his intervention. However, there is no question of annihilating the expectations of the parties in the presence of a resolutory clause by calling an intervention without limit of the judge. But it is a question of proposing, by encouraging them, and in a concrete way the ways that the judge can borrow to resurface effectively in the presence of such a clause, and the advantage that these interventions can represent for the contract taken generally. The aim is to promote a sufficiently conciliatory attitude of the judge as well as contractual and general interests
Lamoureux, Marie. "L'aménagement des pouvoirs du juge par les contractants : recherche sur un possible imperium des contractants." Aix-Marseille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX32010.
Full textMany clauses are intended to alter the powers normally assigned to the judge in contractual matters, to minimize or to withdraw the judge's discretion which is usually his as a rule. Through these stipulations, in areas as diverse as the interpretation of the contract, the evidence, the remedies for invalidity or breach of contract, the parties apply a kind of imperium by imposing their appreciation on the judge where the judicial discretion theoretically prevails. This imperium is widely recognized by the law, especially by judges themselves, who most of the time sanction the enforceability and efficiency of the very clauses which are intended to reduce their role. Nevertheless, judges can control the clauses modifying their powers whenever these terms cause a serious imbalance between the parties, or when they are put forward unfairly or unreasonably. However, the scope of this control remains very moderate and thus freedom of contract is respected in most cases
Pomart-Nomdedeo, Cathy. "La magistrature familiale : vers une consécration légale du niveau visage de l'office du juge de la famille." Lille 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LIL20006.
Full textThe Family Justice's story shows us an important transformation of the judge family's charge. More than his classical mission - an application of the rule of right in accordance with the judicial syllogism - he must make a ruling with the conflicts in the familial affairs according to extra-juridical considerations via an assessment of opportunity. The legislator, aware of the difficulties of an intervention by means of stricts rules in family law, uses variable content notions. He offers to the judge a delegation of powers. This is that new face of the judge's charge, who is now given a discretionnary ability, that we named the "magistrature familiale". After having wondered about the eventuality of a legal consecration of this evolution, we established the necessity of this consecration and the absence of obstacles to conduct to it. We just had then to determinate its details and precise the adjustments that our proposition made necessary
Rubio, Nathalie Audrey. "Analyse économique de l'indépendance du juge : le cas de la France." Aix-Marseille 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX32041.
Full textThe independence aims at isolating judges from the government and at maintaining stability of judges' decisions. However, judicial independence is created by the legislator and it holds particularly for France where the strict separation of powers is rooted in the fear of “judges' government”. Thus, the first part of the thesis focuses on rationality of the judge's independence in France and shows that the degree of independence depends of the stability of governments. On the other side, while weak judicial independence makes easier for government to interfere, strong judicial independence is not less dangerous if it is not counterbalanced by judicial accountability. The second part deals with the discretionary power of the independent judge and shows how structural independence affects judge' s choices and thus how independence is also an elements of the judge's rationality
Signat, Carine. "Le pouvoir discrétionnaire du juge et l'inexécution du contrat : étude de droit comparé franco-allemande." Thesis, Paris 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA020050.
Full textHow to measure a judge’s power? This question is necessary, when it comes to comparing the extent of the powers of a judge in various given jurisdictions. It has tobe noted, that the powers of a judge are gathered under diverse notions in national legal systems: successively, references are made to the sovereign judicial authority of the judge, the unfettered discretion of the lower courts, the authority to modify the legal situation, the discretionary power, the arbitrary power. The challenge in the comparison lies in the absence of a uniform measuring tool. On a supranational level,the English term“Judicial discretion”is very frequently the starting point for discussions and comparative analyses regarding the judge’s power. This notion serves as criteria to measure the extent of the judge’s powers in the respective legal systems. Discretionary power means the power given to the judge to choose between different decisions that are all conformable to law. The criterion of freedom of choice is in the center of the judge’s discretionary power. The discretionary power is the most powerful authority of the judge. It is common sense that the judge has a discretionarypower but the meaning of this term is differently interpretated by the national law,especially by the German and French law systems. This applies especially to the standards provisions or“open-textured”provisions : do they grant the judge a discretionary power? The answers vary from one system to the other, which has an impact on the image one has on the judge’s powers. Once these misunderstandings are dispelled, it remains to determine the proportion this power has in the consequences of the non-performance of contract: specific performance, delay inexecution, revision and termination
Desnos, Fabrice. "Une pratique précoce de l'intime conviction : la preuve dans la procédure criminelle catalane (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles)." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON10015.
Full textHaid, Franck. "Les notions indéterminées dans la loi : essai sur l'indétermination des notions légales en droit civil et pénal." Aix-Marseille 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX32027.
Full textNicot, Séverine. "Contribution à l'étude de la sélection des recours par la juridiction constitutionnelle : (Allemagne, Espagne et États-Unis)." Aix-Marseille 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX32028.
Full textIf the possibility, for the citizens, of directly complaining to the constitutional judge met a deep success, it has very fast demonstrated its limits. Victims of their prestige, the Supreme Court of the United States, the German federal constitutional Court and the Spanish constitutional Court collapse under the weight of the appeals and are on the verge of the structural asphyxiation. Anticipating the stream of appeals which risked to submerge the constitutional jurisdiction, the legislator has established measures of selection intended to correct the serious dysfunctions due to this increasing flow of appeals. Beyond these practical considerations, the functional crisis passed through by the constitutional jurisdictions appears as the detonator of a discussion which transcends the simple problem of the selection to affect the meaning and the usefulness of the direct appeal and its place within the constitutional justice system
Sanchez, Madeleine. "Contribution à l'étude de la preuve pénale." Toulouse 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU10061.
Full textProof is the central question of the penal trial. The evolutions of this last one spatter thus inevitably on the rules of proof. Initially turned to the demonstration of truth, these last ones henceforth see assigning two additional objectives, that are the efficiency and the fair character of the procedure. These three purposes aim towards the same purpose : the indisputable character of the decision on the proof, which is the current point of convergence of the probationary system. The implementation of the system does not take place without tensions, the three objectives entering conflict or agreeing, according to diverse combinations. The penal proof being a concrete question, it is an approach of the same order which was chosen to lead its study, privileging the analysis of the case law, as well as the measures planned by the Code of criminal procedure, nevertheless avaricious in general arrangements concerning it. The probationary system stands out in three phases : the search for the proof, its discussion and its appreciation. To enable the penal proof to fill the objective which is assigned to it (the obtaining of an indisputable decision), each of the phases of the system has to take on a sure quality, the check of which feeds this analysis. The principles of freedom and legality applying to the whole probationary system, they do not constitute the reserved angle of analysis, but rather a vital lead. Essential because central, modified by the multiple reforms of the criminal procedure and having difficulty in maintaining its coherence, the penal proof justifies that is dedicated to it a global and concrete study
Humphris, Nicolas. "Les fondements juridiques et anthropologiques des pouvoirs exceptionnels du juge des enfants français." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010282.
Full textBernhard, Stéphane. "Les aspects subjectifs et virtuels du système pénal français." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STR30019.
Full textLaw exists only through the acts which are laid down by judges, consequently subjectivity is present. And criminal law makes no exception to this postulate. This subjectivity will occur at all the stages of the criminal law procedure, whether in the implementation of the legal proceedings of the prosecutor or during the judgment itself. As for virtuality, this word may sound strange in criminal law, as it is the expression of a state kingly law. And yet, the public prosecutor’s department sometimes has to drop a case, not of its own free will, but because of the enormous amount of cases. This saturation occurs at any step of the criminal law procedure, and leads to very long judgement times and to uncertainty as to the execution of the penalties. Some of them will never be executed. Subjectivity and virtuality are linked to the huge workload of judges. A rise in financial means should help improve the situation, but money is not the only answer. One of the big challenges of criminal justice will probably be to restore the trust of citizens so that justice can be respected and recognized in spite of its relativity
Le, Moine Cathy. "Le pouvoir du juge de détermination et de gestion de la peine en droit pénal français : étude de la peine dans sa dimension juridictionnelle." Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1G031.
Full textHuglo, Christian. "Le juge, la prévention et la résolution des litiges en matière d'environnement." Paris 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA020050.
Full textCoto, Gwenaëlle. "L' influence des progrès scientifiques sur le droit de la preuve pénale." Rennes 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006REN1G009.
Full textScientific progress has had important repercussions on the element of proof in criminal law. It has allowed the legal system to reach a new stage in the evolution of the preliminary scientific investigation process and has made criminal investigations a lot easier. Scientific progress has had a direct effect on the different types of proof since it establishes a sort of hierarchy in which scientific proof can sometimes lead to fundamental laws being neglected. Some bounds of the law which allow criminal investigations to take place have turned out to be insufficient, and the legislator has had intervene. What is more, there is an increase in the number of judges, requesting an expert's opinion. This scientific contribution is a challenge for the judge. Could scientific progress call inner certainty into question ? Science and technical progress are not infaillible and cannot alone allow every criminal case to be solved. That is why inner conviction should not disappear
Lacassagne, Sabine. "Le contentieux provisoire international." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100051.
Full textThe participation of international provisional litigation to make civil justice efficient suppose we should warrant the injunction of measures that would be not only appropriate but although efficient. This is possible if we first demonstrate the autonomy of the tribunal jurisdictional power from its administrative and procedural function. In that way, provisional measures can have international effects and could be submitted to the law determined by the law of conflict. It is although necessary to prevent the conflict of procedures and the conflict of competences that might appear. The discretionary power of the tribunal in provisional litigation - inspired from the british forum non conveniens - on the different conditions of provisional injunction will contribute to identify the "efficiently competent" tribunal
Malabat, Valérie. "Appréciation in abstracto et appréciation in concreto en droit pénal." Bordeaux 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR40008.
Full textIn abstracto and in concreto appreciation can be defined as ways of reasoning, allowing a value judgment on the behaviour of an individual. Their role can thus seem to be excluded in criminal law, because of the principle of the legality of offences and penalties. However, it seems relevant to observe that an in abstracto or in concreto appreciation can be used to consider the consequences of an act on a victim, and thus determine the threshold of protection given to the victim in question by criminal law. Moreover, a value judgment can also be brought on the attitude of the delinquent, in order to establish its reprehensible character. Indeed, behaviour which may be forbidden by a repressive text may not necessarily be reprehensible, because of certain particular circumstances, such as justificatory facts. Consequently, an in abstracto and in concreto appreciation fulfils a double role in criminal law. Two different determinations of reference prototype correspond to this double role. As far as measuring the degree of protection given to individuals is concerned, an average model can be retained, whereas, as far as appreciating the reprehensible character of an act is concerned, an ideal model of behaviour seems more adapted
Moumouni, Ibrahim. "Le pouvoir discrétionnaire du Conseil de sécurité en matière de sanctions économiques : réflexions sur la légalité internationale." Thesis, Dijon, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010DIJOD002.
Full textThe proliferation of economic sanctions resolutions of the Security Council continues to increase, especially as articles 25 and 103 of the Charter of the United Nations to strengthen the feeling that the decisions of the Security Council are displayed in the form of legibus solutus ie out of any legal framework. Updated by the phenomenon of international terrorism, they contrast more an more with some United nation's goals that themselves are set for human rights, economic and social rights and the right to a fair trial. The exercise of this discretion based on unspecified provisions of article 39 of the Charter by the Security Council often conceals a certain instrumentalization of the right of the Charter, covered by lawful form enshrines the decisions of the organ of maintaining peace. Although neither paragraph 2 of article 24 of the Charter or its other provisions which contribute to the sharing of powers between the various principal organs of the Organization shall grant to the Council the unlimited power. Moreover, the discretion of the Security Council cannot is freedom from any judicial control, particularly in cases where the exercise is proving to be in obvious contradiction with the principles and purposes of the institutional Treaty which founded the competence of the organ of maintaining peace. This means that international jurisdictions leaving their silence, before the control becomes effective
Plessix, Benoît. "L'utilisation du droit civil dans l'élaboration du droit administratif." Paris 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA020028.
Full textBesnier, Christiane. "Une ethnographie de la cour d'assises : la construction de l'intime conviction." Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05H044.
Full textRESEARCH, the anthropological foundation of the Court of Assizes - Crown Court (GB) ; District Courts (US) - and related academic subjects. Ethnogarphical description. Emergence of anthropological fields. PRESENTATION OF THE RESEARCH, within juridical anthropology. All time first insight into the ethnographical aspect of the jurisdiction. Anthropological characteristics : the oral character ; the jury ; the conviction. Hypothesis : conviction does not express amere form of subjectivity ; it is based on tangible elements. ETHNOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION, ethnographical perspectives related to legal texts. Description of a criminal hearing. DEMONSTRATION OF THE THEORY, Construction of the hypothesis based on the metaphor of the laboratory with the emergence of a truth from the facts. Speech as an instrument in the search for truth. Demostration around three points : preliminary conditions to the emergence of a truth ; contribution of speech in the search for a truth ; permanent features that help build a conviction. CONCLUSION, answers related to the theory. Relationships between the work in the field and anthropology. Comparatives perspectives
Guinchard, Audrey. "Les enjeux du pouvoir de répression en matière pénale : du modèle judiciaire à l'attraction d'un système unitaire." Lyon 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO33023.
Full textSweeney, Morgan. "L'égalité en droit social, au prisme de la diversité et du dialogue des juges." Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100165/document.
Full textEquality has different expressions in law (principle of equality and discrimination). Equality is not always conceived the same way by all jurisdiction. Actually, French and European judges do not refer to the same principle of equality. Those different principles of equality can receive different legal values (international, constitutional or statutory). Moreover, rules of discrimination can whether forbid to use a discriminatory criteria (as race) or to force one to use a discriminatory criteria thanks to a particular procedure (as handicap). Studying judges dialogue enables to outline how they face and combine all equality’s expressions and ideas in law. In this perspective we are to study all convergence and divergence between all the ideas of equality in jurisprudence. Studying judges’ dialogue enables us to analyze ideas and techniques that judges borrows from one another
Blanco, Florent. "Pouvoirs du juge et contentieux administratif de la légalité : contribution à l'étude de l'évolution et du renouveau des techniques juridictionnelles dans le contentieux de l'excès de pouvoir." Aix-Marseille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX32049.
Full textRecourse against excess of power is classically oriented towards the penalty of any administrative act contrary to the rules of law. It so pursues a purely negative, repressive and censorial function, through the cancellation of the litigious act. Its original finality lies in the santion of illegality. A second approach to the decisional attributes of the judge in the dispute under study leads us to somewhat reconsider the first vision of things and to percieve its jurisdictional competency referencing to a function of restoring the legality. Although seemingly poor, the excess of power dispute has in fact for a long time known different jurisdictional techniques that place the judge as simple censor of administrative activity. The movement has moreover been clearly accelerated in the past few years under the combined impulse of the legislator and the jurisprudence. Thus, the classical dimension of recourse against excess of power is far from falling into disuse. We live with a form of coexistance of two different, and to a certain degree antagonisitic, approaches to the decisional attributes of the judge of legality. Added to the classical dimention of recourse regarding excess of power (judge is censor and controller of public persons' actions) is the partly new perspective marked with the seal of contemporary developments, but which also joins however in the continuation of past evolutions
Yazici, Marie-Hélène. "La motivation : enjeux juridiques et de pouvoir pour le juge pénal." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01D029.
Full textFor the researcher’s perspective, the complex dimension of motivation offers almost unlimited scope for investigation. In criminal matters, the question of motivation is an issue of concern for both the legislator and the judge. By constantly adding legal requirements regarding the motivation, the legislator urges judges and prosecutors to systematically provide the legal and factual reasons that are the basis of their decisions. The legislator enacts such obligations in order to confine, or even strongly reduce, the margin of discretion of the criminal judge who is in charge of normative power, even in the context of interconnected lawmaking processes. This attitude reveals a desire to monopolize the lawmaking process. However praiseworthy the intention may be from an institutional point of view, it lacks realism. The legislator is moving away from the efficiency and quality constraints that the criminal judge is subjected to. As the motivation historically and firstly derives from practice, the criminal judge easily adapted to his numerous obligations regarding this matter. Benefiting from a key communication tool, he launched his brief and peremptory practices which led him to take part to the mechanism of creation, and often, destruction of law. If the judge’s participation in the production of the law enhances its quality, the judge’s lack of democratic legitimacy remains and forces him to look for a communication strategy based on persuation instead of a purely assertive approach
Lasserre, Valérie. "La technique législative : étude sur les codes civils français et allemand." Paris 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA020058.
Full textMélin, François. "La connaissance de la loi étrangère par les juges du fond : recherches sur l'infériorité de la loi étrangère dans le procès civil." Reims, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REIMD005.
Full textKan, Channmeta. "Le rôle du juge dans l'administration de la preuve : étude comparée des grands systèmes dans les différents pays de l'ASEAN." Lyon 3, 2007. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2007_in_kan_c.pdf.
Full textCissé, Balla. "Le juge, la doctrine et le contrôle juridictionnel des lois de révision de la Constitution." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCD011.
Full textThis research establishes the controversial status of the derivative constituent power, examining its limits and its control by the constitutional judge. It is composed of two parts. The first one concerns itself with the justifications of the refusal of the control of the acts of the derivative constituent power by the doctrine and the judge. These justifications are based on the influence of the “Rousseauist” conception of sovereignty and legalism. It implies that the control of the derivative constituent power by the judge would then lead to a questioning of the democratic principle. This view point on the derivative power is a source of debate about the notion of the doctrine and its imperative nature of the rule of law and fundamental rights.As to the second part, it deals with the constitutional principles contributing to the limitation of the derivative constituent power, in the name of the rule of law. It consists in showing that constitutional identity could serve as a basis for the control by the judge of the acts of the derivative constituent power. If some foreign constitutional judges authorise the control of the derivative constituent power, the French Constitutional Council rejects it. Thus, this thesis contributes to establish a comparative and theoretical study of the control of the acts of the power of revision by the constitutional judge
Delmas, Clara. "L’appréhension des convictions religieuses par les juges judiciaires." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2059.
Full textThe development of fundamental rights and the renewal of claims related to religious affiliation have made the development of a methodology for taking into account religious beliefs a contemporary theoretical issue. If the question of religious beliefs, and more generally that of freedom of conscience and religion, may have given rise to a number of studies in public law or in the history of law, through, in particular, the prism of the public service or the public service or the administrative law of property, this subject has not been sufficiently explored in private law as well as comparative law whereas it raises, in this matter, a litigation as abundant as regular. The judicial judge, like the administrative judge or the ECHR, plays a singular role in defining the meaning and scope of the concept of "living together". The development of fundamental rights in international and European law has also largely contributed to renewing the study of this object today marked by the globalization of law, the confrontation of legal cultures sometimes in tension, the assimilation of pluralism - legal, cultural, religious - and therefore necessarily through the dialogue of judges.Based on this observation, this doctoral work has sought to highlight in a critical way what types of representations, reasonings and epistemologies are mobilized by the judicial judge to apprehend religious beliefs in France. How does the judicial judge undertake the effective protection of the freedom of religion of individuals, while respecting the duty of neutrality incumbent upon him by virtue of the principle of secularism?In the first part of this thesis, which seeks to understand and systematize the apprehension that judges seem to show towards the religious convictions of litigants, succeeds the construction of a method of explicitly taking into account religious convictions in judicial reasoning
Alhoti, Najat. "Les rôles respectifs des parties et du juge dans le procès civil en première instance : étude comparative entre le droit français et koweïtien." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAA016.
Full textThe civil trial is an essential means for the proper conduct of justice. Hebrings a difficulty of fact and law under consideration by a judge by a set of steps that must be followed to submit a claim to a civil court, which is called: a civil proceeding. The primary objective of the civil proceeding is to permit the exercise of effective justice, respects the right of each party to create a climate of legal certainty. At first glance, the distribution of the role of the judge and the parties in the merits of the civil judge appears simple, because the parties are in charge of the facts and the judge must make the law. In fact, the articulation of the judge and the parties is more complex. Specifically, the facts and the law is that the two sides of the same coin, it is difficult to precisely define the extent of the space to be occupied respectively the judge and the parties. Should we go in the direction of extension or limitation of the judicial power ? The civil trial should he remain the party thing ? And even the shape of the proceeding requires the comparison between the two systems trying to know if they got to reach the objective of the civil trial. Although the French and Kuwaiti legal system is at first a different, the value of such a comparative study is that to highlight the dysfunction in the civil trial in the first instance, and that especially in the Kuwaiti law. The study of French civil case will serve as a reference for making improvements in the civil case of Kuwait. The French civil procedure is historically much older than that of Kuwait. This is the law of 14 April 1806 which established the first code of civil procedure in France while Kuwait will have not much later. It appears that the momentum given to the civil trial in France and Kuwait is not the same, and that because of the wording in relation to the distribution of the role of the judge and the parties. In the French civil, these provisions are more explicit and precise while in the Kuwaiti civil, they appear more and more sparse implied. Thus, "blur" that prevails in the Kuwaiti civil trial, leaves more room for the intervention of the law that is more is not always consistent. It is then necessary to fill gaps in the Kuwaiti system to ensure greater legal certainty. The French model could be a source of inspiration to make improvements to the Kuwaiti civil trial. These improvements might include reorganizing the Code of Civil Procedure in order to make more visible the provisions concerning the distribution of the role of the judge and the parties in the original trial. It is also for legislative clarification to clarify and facilitate the conduct of the civil trial, determining the roles of the judge and the parties in the civil trial of first instance and to understand its implications and that under the angle of a comparative study between the french law and the Kuwaiti law
Rasamoelina, Zoarinandrasana. "Les transformations du contentieux fiscal à Madagascar." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01D050.
Full textAs a legal instrument for each litigant, both for the taxpayer and for the tax administration, tax litigation is, in theory, an enabling observatory to measure the impact, the extent and the effectiveness of public policy concerning taxation. From a general point of view, it used to test in generally tax policy. Those are the terms under which its conceptualization as a control and modeling mechanism may be undertaken. Such efficient concept is essentially based upon the prism of judicial independence, separation of powers, effectiveness of judicial review, and by inference, protection of the rights and guarantees of the parties. However, the reality is very far removed from these aspirations. Indeed, tax litigation is characterized by three significant features, namely the supremacy of tax administration, the judge’s renunciation and divestment, in the same time the dispossession of Justice in favor of recourse to the contract-based solutions and the increased use of Alternative Dispute Resolution, and finally the decline of taxpayers right. To the prerogative of the public authority, expressly conferred by law upon the tax authority, are added the discretionary powers, which confers a quasi-judicial status. This way, amid a heightened legicentrisme and a misunderstanding of the concept of general interest and the role of tax judge, it results in the establishment of a real atrophied system, characterized by the judge’s renouncing his role and by the expansion of authorities’ administration. It is disappointing to note an overflow of the judiciary by other regulatory agencies. The litigation is outside judge’s control in favor of the administration, with complete indifference and appears to be more like a latent connivance. It is highly necessary to challenge things that are taken for granted, both the substantive and the procedural norms, and to deal with this form of legal orthodoxy which assumes that the rules are immutable. Furthermore, tax changes with the economic scene in constant flux, the litigation system must be also scalable, to provide legally consistent solutions, economically logical and equitable nonetheless. The evolution and the transformation of litigation should be a part of the legalization of all phases of the procedure. The aim is to enable effective control, neutral and objective, to avoid arbitrary decisions, even unequal, and finally to balance taxpayer rights and prerogatives of the administration
Richard, Gwennaëlle. "La motivation par le juge judiciaire." Thesis, La Réunion, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LARE0005.
Full textThe legal basis for decisions, a well-known and fashionable subject of legal research, has yet to yield up all its secrets: it constitutes the insubstantial link between the decision-making process, with which it is sometimes confused, and the instrumentum of the judgment which cannot be regarded as its sole component. (R)evolutions in thinking concerning the position of the judge in both social and procedural contexts have propelled the question to the forefront, and its very essence is ambiguous. Initially regarded as a duty, the requirement to give a legal basis for a decision comes across as a process of internal and external legitimisation of the judge’s findings, and its finality is based upon a threefold virtue. Firstly the virtue of introspection whereby the judge is led, in the privacy of his conscience, to undertake a renewed reflection on his or her decision. Secondly the virtue of good procedure whereby the respect by the judge of procedural and substantive rights is assured. Finally, there is the pedagogical virtue of a system of justice which sets out to be understood and accepted. Initially regarded as a power, the legal basis for decisions both reveals and enables the participation of the judge in a truly normative and ethical dialogue which goes beyond the strictly jurisdictional context of his office. Thus it is through this ambiguity between duty and power which constitutes the essence of the legal basis for decisions that is heralded, at the dawn of the 21st century, in a climate of confidence and hope, the renewal of the judicial function
Kebir, Mehdi. "Le libre arbitre du juge." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR1003/document.
Full textConsidered as the power to impose his deliberate will in the settlement of a dispute brought before him, the judge's free will is an ambivalent formula. On the one hand, it triggers rejection because it reawakens the longstanding fear of the "government of judges" inherited from the monarchic culture. On the other hand, one cannot believe that the achievement of law through justice can be reduced to a mere mechanical activity leaving no room for the judge's will. This contradictory apprehension of the judge's free will results in an issue related to the value this free will should be granted. It has benefits : as a component of the art of judging, it impacts both the way the facts are approached and the way law is a applied. However, the judge's free will also has a darker side. It might shift and turn into arbitrary. The signs of the judge's arbitrary mobilise instruments for combating the threat, but none of them succeeds in eradicating it. Hence, free will is at the heart of a delicate balance witnessing the complexity of the function of judging
Richard, Julie. "L'intime conviction du juge en matière criminelle." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTD002/document.
Full textThrough the system of the firm conviction, the constituents consecrate a system of freedom of the proof opposite to the system of legal proof applicable under the former regime. The firm conviction is based on the moral certitude of the jurors and involves their civic and religious consciousness. The constituents have substituted the legal sanction by a moral sanction. With the emergence of scientific proofs during the XIXth century, the system of firm conviction, although challenged, however continues to embody the proof system that is the most suitable to discover the truth and protect individual freedom. Over the contemporary period, the loss of independence of jurors towards professional judges on one end and the introduction of the requirement of reasoning for the judgement of assize courts on the other end again question the system of the firm conviction. The sustainability of the system of the firm conviction implies a strenthening to the decisional power of the jurors in the judgement of the assize court and a revalorisation of the role of the jurors during criminal trials. The requirement of the reasoning leading to guilt in the judgement of the assize court established by the law of the 10th August 2011 on the partcipation of the citizens to the functioning of Justice and judgement of minors proves to be insufficient. Regarding the legal requirements for a fair trial, it is necessary to reinforce on one end the reasoning leading to guilt and to extend on the other end the requirement of reasoning to the sentence pronounced by the assize court. The integration of the legal requirements for a fair trial regarding the reasoning in our criminal proceedings represents a chance for the system of the firm conviction which is thus called to renew itself
Sayede, Hussein Assem. "Le juge administratif : juge du référé-suspension." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010286.
Full textTwelve years represent reasonable time to make a global report on the procedure of article L.521-1 of Code of adminstrative law. The examination of case law evolution and the analysis of last legal measures allow us to detect an enlargment of field which is consistent. Equipped with new subtly and dreaded prerogatives, summary's judge of suspension of administrative act, assumes perfectly his duty of judging balance and necessity. He is the guarantor of the temporary protection. Efficacity constitutes his function'hard core. The change of state of mind and attitude of administrative judge had consequences both theorical and practical in the subject. Due to his fast management, his accessibility, his way of reasoning and its creativity, the summary's judge of suspension is the judge of breach. Beyond that, are added the judge's preoccupation of teh effects of his intervention and the flexibility of delivered sentences. The judge has won credibility and legitimacy by having a real cukture of emrgency and became a tremendous rival opposite to his homolog on nation-wide or European-wide. Although efficient, summary's judge has more potentialities. The continuity from summary-suspension and his ancestor is real. The system is still imperfect. To solve this, the judge and lawmaker have to stay in alert