Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pouvoir discrétionnaire'
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Buffa, Stéphane. "Le pouvoir discrétionnaire de l'administration fiscale." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010329.
Full textAl-Amiri, Samer Saadoun. "Le pouvoir discrétionnaire du juge pénal." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON10009.
Full textAt the various stages of the proceedings, from the start of the trial until its closure and the pronunciation of the verdict, the judge has a specific power called "discretionary". Such power is not subject to the control of a supreme court. The latitude of discretion of the judge raises several issues to determine its legal nature and essence. At several occasions, the extent of this power has also created a confusion with some related concepts, such as arbitrary power, sovereign power and the intimate conviction of the judge. In addition, to prevent any risk of arbitrary power, the legislator has imposed the Criminal Court, under Law No. 939-2011 of 10 August 2011, to provide a motivation of its sentence. Notwithstanding this obligation, the scope of such discretion remains wide during the trial. Consequently, it greatly affects the principle of impartiality of the judge and the principle of equality of citizens before the law. In this light, we consider appropriate to study, firstly, the extent of compatibility between this power and the ideological concept of justice, and the impact of his personal view to implement the justice. Secondly, we emphasize the exercise of the discretionary power by the judge with regard to the rules of evidence and the choice of sentence. The study also highlighted some foreign and Arab legal systems
Bouveresse, Aude. "Le pouvoir discrétionnaire dans l'ordre juridique communautaire." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STR30015.
Full textA lot of studies have been dedicated to discretionary power in national’s legal systems. Key point of the dialectic between power and law, it is not surprising that this topic has been impassioned the doctrine. Even so, no significant analysis dealt, in European law, with this concept yet. However identification of its foundations, its modes of enforcement and its limits can not he found by a simple commutation of national results. The specificity of the European institutional structure and processes distinguish the exercise of power in this particular context. Moreover, the aims of the treaty, still mainly economic, and the European rules of law occasionally fragmentary and often ambiguous promote the acknowledgement of a large power of discretion of European institutions. Theses circumstances explain that the European Court of Justice fulfils a task which can not be compared with the one assumed by national Court in the review of legality. But, the discretionary power, defined in the legality and by the jurisdictional review, can not he understood in its entirety through these scopes of definition. Indeed the definition of discretionary power should also be considered in a wider time-frame work and placed in the context of the transformations of the law. The development of new policy instruments in the European context as the soft law has subsequently modify the concept of legality which is not able anymore to guarantee the legitimacy of the power of discretion. Henceforth it seems that this power of choice should be legitimized by the concrete demonstration of its rightfulness, the concept of legitimacy “over-defining” its definition
Dosen-Lepoutre, Manon. "Le pouvoir discrétionnaire en droit international public." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ULILD002.
Full textWhat words should be used to describe the power of subjects of international law? Among a wide range of possibilities, it is sometimes described as “discretionary”. This choice is not accidental. Behind the apparent freedom conveyed by the term lies the rule of law. Discretion is both a recognition and a limitation of the power of the subjects of international law. The purpose of this study is to observe how the use of this concept contributes to the progress of the international legal order. In fact, the discretionary power has historically spread from domestic orders to the international order, in a deliberate and discursive movement initiated by a part of the internationalist doctrine to relegate sovereignty, perceived as the vector of an absolutism from which the discretionary power breaks away. The interest of this concept lies indeed in its ability to grasp the decision-making process. Its analytical decomposition highlights two stages: the determination of the opportunity to act and then the modalities of that action. Thus placed on a “scale” of discretion, power in international law is once again part of a dialectic between freedom and constraint. A study of case law confirms how international judges have shaped the concept around the issues of respect for the intended purpose of the powers and the adequacy of the factual and legal grounds of the action. Discretion under judicial review is both enshrined in and subordinated to international law
Mamdouh, Habiba. "Le pouvoir discrétionnaire de l'administration fiscale au Maroc." Perpignan, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PERP0595.
Full textWhen taking a decison, the adminstration is either in a position of limited jurisdiction or in position of discretionnary privilege. The admnistration invested with limited jurisdiction, is required to take a decision in a specific way. With no discretionnary power in the circumstances of the case, the administration is required to take such a decision. The discretionnary privilege means free decision-making autority to act or not act. The autority to make a decision or to act provides the admnistration with a wide range of decision to choose from. The statutory regulation does not indicate to the admnistratering autority what decision to make, nor does it show the course of action to take. The admnistration is supposed to consider the data at hand in order to have a clearer of vision of what appropriate course of action to take. In fact, rarely is the admnistration in a state of full limited jurisdiction, its always enjoys a discretionnary power. The case in which the admnistration acts freely in the framework of law are constantly in increasing in view of the vagueness of the statutory regulation which spans the regulatory as well as the statutory regulation. Based on the analysis of the fiscal texts, its possible find to what degree the admnistration detains or loses its free discretionnary power
Dahraoui, Omar. "Le pouvoir discrétionnaire du juge en droit marocain." Perpignan, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PERP0548.
Full textThe first part of thesis focuses on the discretionary power of penal judge in regards to the qualification of criminal act, punishment evaluation (Chap. I) as well as evidence (Chap. II). As for the second part of work, it deals with the judge summing up power in contractual field, delictuel civil responsability (Chap. II) under the supervision of the supreme court
Miller, Sébastien. "Le pouvoir discrétionnaire du législateur: contribution à une étude du pouvoir législatif." Paris 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA020062.
Full textGallardo, Jean-Michel. "Le pouvoir discrétionnaire de l'administration et le juge de l'excès de pouvoir." Pau, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PAUU2012.
Full textKoutoupa-Rengakos, Evangelia. "Le Pouvoir discrétionnaire de l'administration interventionniste en droit français." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010289.
Full textBaldous, Benjamin. "Les pouvoirs du juge de pleine juridiction." Aix-Marseille 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX32017.
Full textCancellation reformation compensation injunction (particulary within the law of 8 february 1995. ) history of this powers 1790-1998. Relations between the "full-jurisdiction" judge and the cancellation judge justifications of the powers of "full-jurisdiction" judge : importance of political jus, tifications. Analyse of classic and modem french doctrine to the point of this justifications: laferriere,aucoc, hauriou, duguit, jeze,romieu,guillien, waline,sandevoir,chevallier, chapus, auby,woehrling, fornacciari,genevois. Contentious matters of responsibility, contract, electoral, fiscal, classified installation, ruins building, political refugees
Foka, Taffo Frédéric [Verfasser]. "Le pouvoir discrétionnaire du Procureur de la Cour pénale internationale / Frédéric Foka Taffo." Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1160311927/34.
Full textScalieris, Henriette. "L' exercice du pouvoir discrétionnaire de l'État côtier en droit de la mer." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010311.
Full textLafay, Fabien. "Le pouvoir modérateur du juge en droit privé." Lyon 3, 2004. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2004_out_lafay_f.pdf.
Full textAmbra, Dominique d'. "L'objet de la fonction juridictionnelle : dire le droit et trancher les litiges." Strasbourg 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR30009.
Full textThe judicial act may be better understood by the object of the judicial function which is to lay down the law resolve disputes. The judiciary is independent of th other branches of government. When laying down the law to settle a dispute the judge is not constrained to apply enacted law. Because he is bound to act according to different juridical noms, he interprets statute and case law, contributes to the development of common law rules and gneral principles of law and creates veritable rules of law. It follows as a matter of logic that he is entitled to introduce equity his decision making. This creative function is the source of his power. Courts of record have at their disposal effective means of exerting control over inferior tribunals and thus enjoy considerable regulatory power although legal theory hesitates to recognize it. The judge also has in a mysterious way another type of power: a disciplinary power the object of which is to observe and classify individuals in order to regulate their conduct. But this disciplinary power has been grafted on to the exercise of the judicial function as it has to the functioning of other institutions and it is not possible to be more specific. In reality the essence of the judicial function is to bring to an end litigation : the notion of litigation distinguishes the jude's acts from the jurisdictional function and separates the jurisdictional from the jurisprudential contents of his judgment. The function of resolving disputes confers a regulatory power on the judge, his legitimacy and his terms of rederence but it has also established the conditions for the development of disciplinary power which tends insidiously to render such function unnatural
Chalas, Christelle. "L'exercice discrétionnaire de la compétence juridictionnelle en droit international privé." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010301.
Full textLebreton, Gilles. "Le pouvoir discrétionnaire exercé par l'administration française sur ses agents : évolution depuis le XVIIIe siècle." Paris 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA02T071.
Full textFischer, Jérôme. "Le pouvoir modérateur du juge en droit privé français." Toulouse 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU10028.
Full textSignat, Carine. "Le pouvoir discrétionnaire du juge et l'inexécution du contrat : étude de droit comparé franco-allemande." Thesis, Paris 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA020050.
Full textHow to measure a judge’s power? This question is necessary, when it comes to comparing the extent of the powers of a judge in various given jurisdictions. It has tobe noted, that the powers of a judge are gathered under diverse notions in national legal systems: successively, references are made to the sovereign judicial authority of the judge, the unfettered discretion of the lower courts, the authority to modify the legal situation, the discretionary power, the arbitrary power. The challenge in the comparison lies in the absence of a uniform measuring tool. On a supranational level,the English term“Judicial discretion”is very frequently the starting point for discussions and comparative analyses regarding the judge’s power. This notion serves as criteria to measure the extent of the judge’s powers in the respective legal systems. Discretionary power means the power given to the judge to choose between different decisions that are all conformable to law. The criterion of freedom of choice is in the center of the judge’s discretionary power. The discretionary power is the most powerful authority of the judge. It is common sense that the judge has a discretionarypower but the meaning of this term is differently interpretated by the national law,especially by the German and French law systems. This applies especially to the standards provisions or“open-textured”provisions : do they grant the judge a discretionary power? The answers vary from one system to the other, which has an impact on the image one has on the judge’s powers. Once these misunderstandings are dispelled, it remains to determine the proportion this power has in the consequences of the non-performance of contract: specific performance, delay inexecution, revision and termination
Nasah, Kuate Mirande. "La légitimité du juge." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998STR30018.
Full textThe idea of democraty involves that the legitimacy of a power must come from election. Therefore the first conclusion that is drawn from this statement is that, the judge is not legitimate because he is not elected but nominated by the executive power. This conclusion is totally wrong because legitimacy can not just comme from election, there are others sources of legitimacy, every fonction must have her own sources of legitimacy. So, the comptetence of the judge, his relative independance, his impartiality and the rules of procedures that he follows are the fondaments of his legitimacy. But those criterias are unsufficient and unable to explain the transformation of the role of the judge. In fact, this transformation has also transform the question of legitimacy and the problem today is the one of the legitimacy of the production of social norms. This is due to the emergence of new judicial actors who appear on the judicial scene and solve conflicts as if the were the real masters of judicial power. We are definetely going to face new forms of regulation of conflicts and it will be quite interesting to interrogate ourselves on the new role of the judge in the postmodern society
Moumouni, Ibrahim. "Le pouvoir discrétionnaire du Conseil de sécurité en matière de sanctions économiques : réflexions sur la légalité internationale." Thesis, Dijon, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010DIJOD002.
Full textThe proliferation of economic sanctions resolutions of the Security Council continues to increase, especially as articles 25 and 103 of the Charter of the United Nations to strengthen the feeling that the decisions of the Security Council are displayed in the form of legibus solutus ie out of any legal framework. Updated by the phenomenon of international terrorism, they contrast more an more with some United nation's goals that themselves are set for human rights, economic and social rights and the right to a fair trial. The exercise of this discretion based on unspecified provisions of article 39 of the Charter by the Security Council often conceals a certain instrumentalization of the right of the Charter, covered by lawful form enshrines the decisions of the organ of maintaining peace. Although neither paragraph 2 of article 24 of the Charter or its other provisions which contribute to the sharing of powers between the various principal organs of the Organization shall grant to the Council the unlimited power. Moreover, the discretion of the Security Council cannot is freedom from any judicial control, particularly in cases where the exercise is proving to be in obvious contradiction with the principles and purposes of the institutional Treaty which founded the competence of the organ of maintaining peace. This means that international jurisdictions leaving their silence, before the control becomes effective
Visrutpich, Vorapot. "Le contrôle juridictionnel de l'exercice du pouvoir discrétionnaire par les autorités administratives en droit français et anglais." Toulouse 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU10028.
Full textIn French and English administrative law, the "discretionary power" exercised by an administrative authority, does not mean absolute, unconditional power or arbitrary power, but rather the capacity that exists in many cases of selecting, within the applicable legal framework, the solution that appears preferable in the light of the public interests involved. Although a court may not substitute its own value judgment for that of the responsible administrative authority, the court does have the obligation to ensure that the administrative authority exercises such discretionary power with due force and effect, but reasonably
Amar-Layani, Brigitte. "Le contrôle de constitutionnalité de l'acte juridique privé." Toulouse 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU1A001.
Full textBoronad-Lesoin, Elodie. "La nullité facultative." Grenoble 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE21032.
Full textHaëm, Rudolph d'. "Le juge unique administratif." Paris 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA020068.
Full textBlanco, Florent. "Pouvoirs du juge et contentieux administratif de la légalité : contribution à l'étude de l'évolution et du renouveau des techniques juridictionnelles dans le contentieux de l'excès de pouvoir." Aix-Marseille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX32049.
Full textRecourse against excess of power is classically oriented towards the penalty of any administrative act contrary to the rules of law. It so pursues a purely negative, repressive and censorial function, through the cancellation of the litigious act. Its original finality lies in the santion of illegality. A second approach to the decisional attributes of the judge in the dispute under study leads us to somewhat reconsider the first vision of things and to percieve its jurisdictional competency referencing to a function of restoring the legality. Although seemingly poor, the excess of power dispute has in fact for a long time known different jurisdictional techniques that place the judge as simple censor of administrative activity. The movement has moreover been clearly accelerated in the past few years under the combined impulse of the legislator and the jurisprudence. Thus, the classical dimension of recourse against excess of power is far from falling into disuse. We live with a form of coexistance of two different, and to a certain degree antagonisitic, approaches to the decisional attributes of the judge of legality. Added to the classical dimention of recourse regarding excess of power (judge is censor and controller of public persons' actions) is the partly new perspective marked with the seal of contemporary developments, but which also joins however in the continuation of past evolutions
Rubio, Nathalie Audrey. "Analyse économique de l'indépendance du juge : le cas de la France." Aix-Marseille 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX32041.
Full textThe independence aims at isolating judges from the government and at maintaining stability of judges' decisions. However, judicial independence is created by the legislator and it holds particularly for France where the strict separation of powers is rooted in the fear of “judges' government”. Thus, the first part of the thesis focuses on rationality of the judge's independence in France and shows that the degree of independence depends of the stability of governments. On the other side, while weak judicial independence makes easier for government to interfere, strong judicial independence is not less dangerous if it is not counterbalanced by judicial accountability. The second part deals with the discretionary power of the independent judge and shows how structural independence affects judge' s choices and thus how independence is also an elements of the judge's rationality
Bouiffror, Sofiène. "Le pouvoir d'appréciation des juges : le cas de la Cour internationale de justice." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100160.
Full textThe discrétion is the freedom of décision left to the judge in carrying out its missions. Based on the intimate conviction of judges, it is at best discretionary or non-existent. His extended varies depending on the courts and each of them, depending on various parameters whose contours are predetermined, but the content is specific to each case. Therefore, knowledge of the discretion of a judge can see the outline of the decisions that judges have to make. This importance is increased tenfold for the international court of justice. The world court is the judicial privileged settlement of disputes between states. It is also the principal judicial organ of the united nations. To the extent that its activity is part of a decentralized legal system, the emphasis on discretion of the court is essential to the knowledge of its judicial policy. It is also essential for the control of international law. However, analysis of the discretion of the world court reveals a standardized decision-making freedom
Doka, Boura Aude. "Le juge du contrat et la clause résolutoire." Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT3027/document.
Full textThe parties, by inserting a resolutory clause in their contract, can exert a real influence on the powers of the judge. In fact, by means of this clause, these parties seek to adjust the powers of the judge both upstream to the design and downstream in the implementation of this clause. Most of the judge's powers may be affected to varying degrees by the parties' predictions. But the fact remains that the powers held by these parties in the presence of a resolutory clause are not absolute and may at certain moments present real dangers. Indeed, the judge does not show a total submission to the forecasts of the contractors in the presence of a resolutory clause. If this judge has, in some areas of this clause lost exclusivity, this exclusivity has still not disappeared. The imperium of the judge sometimes competes with that of the contractors to call the latter to order when necessary. In this sense, the judge reacts by, for example, controlling, qualifying, interpreting and noting the acquisition of this clause that the parties thought they could protect him from his intervention. However, there is no question of annihilating the expectations of the parties in the presence of a resolutory clause by calling an intervention without limit of the judge. But it is a question of proposing, by encouraging them, and in a concrete way the ways that the judge can borrow to resurface effectively in the presence of such a clause, and the advantage that these interventions can represent for the contract taken generally. The aim is to promote a sufficiently conciliatory attitude of the judge as well as contractual and general interests
Lamoureux, Marie. "L'aménagement des pouvoirs du juge par les contractants : recherche sur un possible imperium des contractants." Aix-Marseille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX32010.
Full textMany clauses are intended to alter the powers normally assigned to the judge in contractual matters, to minimize or to withdraw the judge's discretion which is usually his as a rule. Through these stipulations, in areas as diverse as the interpretation of the contract, the evidence, the remedies for invalidity or breach of contract, the parties apply a kind of imperium by imposing their appreciation on the judge where the judicial discretion theoretically prevails. This imperium is widely recognized by the law, especially by judges themselves, who most of the time sanction the enforceability and efficiency of the very clauses which are intended to reduce their role. Nevertheless, judges can control the clauses modifying their powers whenever these terms cause a serious imbalance between the parties, or when they are put forward unfairly or unreasonably. However, the scope of this control remains very moderate and thus freedom of contract is respected in most cases
Wakote-Falco, Reine. "L'évolution des conceptions doctrinales et jurisprudentielles relatives au pouvoir de décision de l'administration en Allemagne et en France depuis 1860 : (pouvoir discrétionnaire stricto sensu et notion juridique indéterminée)." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010282.
Full textNevejans, Nathalie. "La participation des sciences de la vie et de la sante a la decision du juge civil et penal." Lille 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIL20006.
Full textDesmoulins, Thibault. "L'Arbitraire, histoire et théorie. Le pouvoir de surmonter l'indétermination de l'Antiquité à nos jours." Thesis, Paris 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA020017.
Full textLaw is not reducible to rules. The fact that this ancient adage now sounds intriguing points out jurist’s difficulties to face what must be called anomie. Arbitrariness refers to the power given to one authority to overcome this absence of rules. Since Antiquity, repressive and administrative functions shows its irreducible utility. Under the empire of an integral determinism of God (VIIIe-XIIIe) or a Legislator (XVIIIe-XXe), arbitrariness is confined to interprete omnipresent norms. It can also provide extraordinary means in complement of fixed rules (XIIIe-XVIIIe). Its apogee as general principle of government or punishment is only reached by the modern upheaval (XVIe). Through its variations, three forms of legality coexists and reveals the conditions surrounding the choice of a legal arbitrariness
Rwimed, Abdelghani. "Apects juridiques de l'évolution des entreprises socialistes en Libye." Nice, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NICE0002.
Full textDesnos, Fabrice. "Une pratique précoce de l'intime conviction : la preuve dans la procédure criminelle catalane (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles)." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON10015.
Full textTamzini, Wafa. "Recherches sur la doctrine de l'administration." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010309.
Full textHaid, Franck. "Les notions indéterminées dans la loi : essai sur l'indétermination des notions légales en droit civil et pénal." Aix-Marseille 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX32027.
Full textNicot, Séverine. "Contribution à l'étude de la sélection des recours par la juridiction constitutionnelle : (Allemagne, Espagne et États-Unis)." Aix-Marseille 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX32028.
Full textIf the possibility, for the citizens, of directly complaining to the constitutional judge met a deep success, it has very fast demonstrated its limits. Victims of their prestige, the Supreme Court of the United States, the German federal constitutional Court and the Spanish constitutional Court collapse under the weight of the appeals and are on the verge of the structural asphyxiation. Anticipating the stream of appeals which risked to submerge the constitutional jurisdiction, the legislator has established measures of selection intended to correct the serious dysfunctions due to this increasing flow of appeals. Beyond these practical considerations, the functional crisis passed through by the constitutional jurisdictions appears as the detonator of a discussion which transcends the simple problem of the selection to affect the meaning and the usefulness of the direct appeal and its place within the constitutional justice system
Sanchez, Madeleine. "Contribution à l'étude de la preuve pénale." Toulouse 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU10061.
Full textProof is the central question of the penal trial. The evolutions of this last one spatter thus inevitably on the rules of proof. Initially turned to the demonstration of truth, these last ones henceforth see assigning two additional objectives, that are the efficiency and the fair character of the procedure. These three purposes aim towards the same purpose : the indisputable character of the decision on the proof, which is the current point of convergence of the probationary system. The implementation of the system does not take place without tensions, the three objectives entering conflict or agreeing, according to diverse combinations. The penal proof being a concrete question, it is an approach of the same order which was chosen to lead its study, privileging the analysis of the case law, as well as the measures planned by the Code of criminal procedure, nevertheless avaricious in general arrangements concerning it. The probationary system stands out in three phases : the search for the proof, its discussion and its appreciation. To enable the penal proof to fill the objective which is assigned to it (the obtaining of an indisputable decision), each of the phases of the system has to take on a sure quality, the check of which feeds this analysis. The principles of freedom and legality applying to the whole probationary system, they do not constitute the reserved angle of analysis, but rather a vital lead. Essential because central, modified by the multiple reforms of the criminal procedure and having difficulty in maintaining its coherence, the penal proof justifies that is dedicated to it a global and concrete study
Baril, Marie-Pier. "L'exercice du pouvoir discrétionnaire dans les fiducies testamentaires au Québec : recourir à l'affectation pour concilier l'intention du testateur et la décision de la « personne raisonnable »." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68244.
Full textThe exercise of discretionary powers by the trustees of a testamentary trust is an idea from which arise a growing number of litigations. If some judgments have forged the path for more thought, many questions stay unanswered. This thesis has for objective to establish how Quebec Law orders trustees to exercise their discretionary powers. More precisely, it aims to determine if trustees must decide considering their own perception of what the testator would have decided himself or if they must decide on the basis of how a reasonable person would decide. To answer the question in the context where very few authors have worked on the discretionary powers by trustees up to now, this thesis builds upon fundamental theories developed in trust law. It aims to conciliate the freedom to test of the testator (who even has the right to be unreasonable) and the duty of the trustees to act with prudence, diligence, honesty and loyalty, as would do a reasonable person.
Pomart-Nomdedeo, Cathy. "La magistrature familiale : vers une consécration légale du niveau visage de l'office du juge de la famille." Lille 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LIL20006.
Full textThe Family Justice's story shows us an important transformation of the judge family's charge. More than his classical mission - an application of the rule of right in accordance with the judicial syllogism - he must make a ruling with the conflicts in the familial affairs according to extra-juridical considerations via an assessment of opportunity. The legislator, aware of the difficulties of an intervention by means of stricts rules in family law, uses variable content notions. He offers to the judge a delegation of powers. This is that new face of the judge's charge, who is now given a discretionnary ability, that we named the "magistrature familiale". After having wondered about the eventuality of a legal consecration of this evolution, we established the necessity of this consecration and the absence of obstacles to conduct to it. We just had then to determinate its details and precise the adjustments that our proposition made necessary
Saengkanokkul, Piyabutr. "La juridiction administrative en Thaïlande : génèse d'une institution." Toulouse 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU10044.
Full textL'Etat de droit require the judicial review of administration to ensure the submission of administration under the law and the protection of citizens against arbitrary. But which judge ? The judicial review of administration is varied. Each country has its own system. In Thailand, the judicial review of administration by the court of justice, at the time of system unity of jurisdiction, is limited. Thailand has therefore chosen, since 1997, its own solution : building autonomous administrative court as the ordinary jurisdiction of administrative litigation. In this respect, we invoke the question of "How " ? at the same time as the question "Why" ? What are the reasons for the birth of Thai Administrative Court ? How this "new" Court works ? After its existence, the judicial review of administration is more effective ? That is why we shall have to see, the first, the characteristics and functioning of administration control since the absence of judicial review in the era of absolute monarchy until today. When we know the historical development of judicial review of administration in Thailand and the rationale for the administrative court, we must, secondly, to explore how the contemporary judicial review of administration works and it is effective or not
Bernhard, Stéphane. "Les aspects subjectifs et virtuels du système pénal français." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STR30019.
Full textLaw exists only through the acts which are laid down by judges, consequently subjectivity is present. And criminal law makes no exception to this postulate. This subjectivity will occur at all the stages of the criminal law procedure, whether in the implementation of the legal proceedings of the prosecutor or during the judgment itself. As for virtuality, this word may sound strange in criminal law, as it is the expression of a state kingly law. And yet, the public prosecutor’s department sometimes has to drop a case, not of its own free will, but because of the enormous amount of cases. This saturation occurs at any step of the criminal law procedure, and leads to very long judgement times and to uncertainty as to the execution of the penalties. Some of them will never be executed. Subjectivity and virtuality are linked to the huge workload of judges. A rise in financial means should help improve the situation, but money is not the only answer. One of the big challenges of criminal justice will probably be to restore the trust of citizens so that justice can be respected and recognized in spite of its relativity
Guinchard, Audrey. "Les enjeux du pouvoir de répression en matière pénale : du modèle judiciaire à l'attraction d'un système unitaire." Lyon 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO33023.
Full textRasamoelina, Zoarinandrasana. "Les transformations du contentieux fiscal à Madagascar." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01D050.
Full textAs a legal instrument for each litigant, both for the taxpayer and for the tax administration, tax litigation is, in theory, an enabling observatory to measure the impact, the extent and the effectiveness of public policy concerning taxation. From a general point of view, it used to test in generally tax policy. Those are the terms under which its conceptualization as a control and modeling mechanism may be undertaken. Such efficient concept is essentially based upon the prism of judicial independence, separation of powers, effectiveness of judicial review, and by inference, protection of the rights and guarantees of the parties. However, the reality is very far removed from these aspirations. Indeed, tax litigation is characterized by three significant features, namely the supremacy of tax administration, the judge’s renunciation and divestment, in the same time the dispossession of Justice in favor of recourse to the contract-based solutions and the increased use of Alternative Dispute Resolution, and finally the decline of taxpayers right. To the prerogative of the public authority, expressly conferred by law upon the tax authority, are added the discretionary powers, which confers a quasi-judicial status. This way, amid a heightened legicentrisme and a misunderstanding of the concept of general interest and the role of tax judge, it results in the establishment of a real atrophied system, characterized by the judge’s renouncing his role and by the expansion of authorities’ administration. It is disappointing to note an overflow of the judiciary by other regulatory agencies. The litigation is outside judge’s control in favor of the administration, with complete indifference and appears to be more like a latent connivance. It is highly necessary to challenge things that are taken for granted, both the substantive and the procedural norms, and to deal with this form of legal orthodoxy which assumes that the rules are immutable. Furthermore, tax changes with the economic scene in constant flux, the litigation system must be also scalable, to provide legally consistent solutions, economically logical and equitable nonetheless. The evolution and the transformation of litigation should be a part of the legalization of all phases of the procedure. The aim is to enable effective control, neutral and objective, to avoid arbitrary decisions, even unequal, and finally to balance taxpayer rights and prerogatives of the administration
Huglo, Christian. "Le juge, la prévention et la résolution des litiges en matière d'environnement." Paris 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA020050.
Full textCoto, Gwenaëlle. "L' influence des progrès scientifiques sur le droit de la preuve pénale." Rennes 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006REN1G009.
Full textScientific progress has had important repercussions on the element of proof in criminal law. It has allowed the legal system to reach a new stage in the evolution of the preliminary scientific investigation process and has made criminal investigations a lot easier. Scientific progress has had a direct effect on the different types of proof since it establishes a sort of hierarchy in which scientific proof can sometimes lead to fundamental laws being neglected. Some bounds of the law which allow criminal investigations to take place have turned out to be insufficient, and the legislator has had intervene. What is more, there is an increase in the number of judges, requesting an expert's opinion. This scientific contribution is a challenge for the judge. Could scientific progress call inner certainty into question ? Science and technical progress are not infaillible and cannot alone allow every criminal case to be solved. That is why inner conviction should not disappear
Lacassagne, Sabine. "Le contentieux provisoire international." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100051.
Full textThe participation of international provisional litigation to make civil justice efficient suppose we should warrant the injunction of measures that would be not only appropriate but although efficient. This is possible if we first demonstrate the autonomy of the tribunal jurisdictional power from its administrative and procedural function. In that way, provisional measures can have international effects and could be submitted to the law determined by the law of conflict. It is although necessary to prevent the conflict of procedures and the conflict of competences that might appear. The discretionary power of the tribunal in provisional litigation - inspired from the british forum non conveniens - on the different conditions of provisional injunction will contribute to identify the "efficiently competent" tribunal
Malabat, Valérie. "Appréciation in abstracto et appréciation in concreto en droit pénal." Bordeaux 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR40008.
Full textIn abstracto and in concreto appreciation can be defined as ways of reasoning, allowing a value judgment on the behaviour of an individual. Their role can thus seem to be excluded in criminal law, because of the principle of the legality of offences and penalties. However, it seems relevant to observe that an in abstracto or in concreto appreciation can be used to consider the consequences of an act on a victim, and thus determine the threshold of protection given to the victim in question by criminal law. Moreover, a value judgment can also be brought on the attitude of the delinquent, in order to establish its reprehensible character. Indeed, behaviour which may be forbidden by a repressive text may not necessarily be reprehensible, because of certain particular circumstances, such as justificatory facts. Consequently, an in abstracto and in concreto appreciation fulfils a double role in criminal law. Two different determinations of reference prototype correspond to this double role. As far as measuring the degree of protection given to individuals is concerned, an average model can be retained, whereas, as far as appreciating the reprehensible character of an act is concerned, an ideal model of behaviour seems more adapted
Collet, Martin. "Le contrôle juridictionnel des actes des autorités administratives." Paris 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA020080.
Full textPlessix, Benoît. "L'utilisation du droit civil dans l'élaboration du droit administratif." Paris 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA020028.
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