Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pouvoir royal – France'
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Ferreira, Oscar. "Le pouvoir royal (1814-1848) : à la recherche du quatrième pouvoir ?" Thesis, Paris Est, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PEST2003.
Full textPetit-Renaud, Sophie. "Faire loy au royaume de France de Philippe VI à Charles V, 1328-1380 /." Paris : De Boccard, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb389759601.
Full textAladjili, Priscille Beaune Colette. "Le roi, père des pauvres : France, XIIIe-XVe siècle /." Rennes : Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb414463728.
Full textBibliogr. p. 413-423. Notes bibliogr. Index.
Remy, Christian. "Les Rois de France en Limousin et Périgord de Philippe Auguste aux derniers capétiens : agents, manifestations et rythmes de l'implantation du pouvoir royal dans le Nord-Est de l'Aquitaine de 1200 à 1328." Limoges, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIMO2006.
Full textLeroux, Flavie. "Maîtresses des premiers rois Bourbons : femmes, fortunes familiales et pouvoir royal." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0155.
Full textContradictorily, royal mistresses are at the heart of many productions (history, literature, films and even music), but few of them have a real scientific significance. This thesis tries to fill this gap, focusing on a transition period in French history: the reigns of first Bourbon kings, Henri IV, Louis XIII and Louis XIV. The aim is to understand how, within the royal machine as much as within the aristocratic society, favour works and spreads out, especially when it concerns women and implies both limits and openings, proper to this gender dimension.To do so, social and chronological analysis scales have been chosen. First, I will focus on the royal mistress herself – and thus on the favour time, from attraction to distinction –, in order to grasp how social position and fortune develop. Then, I will study a longer temporality, going until the death of the protagonists, to examine their action on groups and individuals to who they are closely linked: kin, descendants, protégés and convents, in particular. Finally, I will look at an extensive chronology, that fits genealogical time of nobility, with the aim of observing the links between family past, temporary favour and long-term future
Daubresse, Sylvie. "Les relations entre le Parlement de Paris et le pouvoir royal (1559-1589)." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040135.
Full textPardanaud-Landriot, Chloé. "Plumes royales : l’art épistolaire chez les souverains et souveraines de Navarre et de France au XVIe siècle." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STET2166/document.
Full textThe first part shows what is known toda y about the Royals of Navarre and France in the sixteenth century. It lists thepublications of their writings as well as different researchers' points of view about them up to now. Finally it specifiesunder which criteria the studied corpus bas been established (choice of letters, unpublished works).The second part describes the cultural and material contexts of the royal correspondence. It demonstrates the genre ofletter writing during the Renaissance period, the education and culture of princes and princesses as weil as the materialconstraints which influenced the ability of writing their letters.The last two parts are devoted to the study of letters. The language used by the kings and queens depended on therelationship between them and their correspondents. This makes a distinction between letters to members of the publicand those intended for personal correspondence. Beyond this distinction, it is noticed thal the differences in styledepend also on the exercising (or not) of royal authority, as well as on the gender of the writer. The different genresused in writing are in no way "natural" but dictated by society in order to address specific requirements.From these works the following hypothesis can be made: the kings' and queens' practices of letter writing influencedthe theories of the period. Furtherrnore, this study confirms thal beyond the practice of a universal way of writing, themajority of kings and queens bad their own unique persona! style
Du, Crest Aurélie. "La famille, cadre de l'autorité monarchique sous l'ancien régime : XVIe-XVIIIe siècles." Aix-Marseille 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX32079.
Full textThis thesis considers the significance, the expression and the consequences of comparisons that were made between the monarch and the head of a family. It highlights two functions of the family, at the time, from a political and legal point of view. These were to define the head of the monarchy as a "father" or "husband", and to legitimize the power of the king as it reflects the power that exists within a household. In the 16th and 17th centuries, the organization of authority within the family serves as a basis for the power of the monarch. This is a way of justifying the superiority of a monarchy that is absolute, hereditary and male-orientated, over any type of system. Such a justification is used by royalty itself when it assumes control of the family in order to reinforce the poxer of the head of the family i. E. The father. But, towards the end of the 17th century, descriptions of the family were used to a greater degree, to contain and then contest, the power of the king. .
Pichot-Bravard, Philippe. "Conserver l'ordre constitutionnel (XVIe-XIXe siècle) : Les discours, les organes et les procédés juridiques." Paris 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA020090.
Full textLemonde-Santamaria, Anne. "De la principauté delphinale à la principauté royale : structures et pouvoir en Dauphiné au XIVème siècle." Grenoble 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE29001.
Full textCandido, da Silva Marcelo. "Reges pro publicis utilitatibus, le problème de la légitimité royale sous les Mérovingiens de Clovis à Clotaire II (fin Ve-début VIIe siècle)." Lyon 2, 2002. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2002/candido-dasilva_m.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to study the evolution of the links of power in Merovingian times, from Clovis's advent, towards 482, at the end of the civil wars, in the years 610. It aims to analyze how the notion of power inherited from the Empire, as well as the notion suggested by the catholic bishops on the role of the political power, was incorporated into the acts of government of the Merovingian princes, and to estimate to what extend this annexation engendered the transformation of the royal authority. The historians believed for a long time that the Merovingians would have been incapable to understand the program which was proposed to them by the bishops during the 6th century, as well as on the political plan they would have confused private property and public sovereign power. This work proposes a new point of view over the Merovingian period without any comparison with the Carolingians, and refutes the idea of the superficiality of the christianization of the Gaul during Merovingian time. This "christianization" can be defined as a movement in which the realization of a mystic purpose (the good of the community included as being its eternal safety, is gradually attached in the political exercise of power. It tries to understand, for the rather wide period, between the end of the 5th and the beginning of the 7th century, and in the geographic frame of the regnum Francorum, the meaning of expression reges pro publicis utilitatibus. The problem of the royal legitimacy seems indeed inextricable of the role granted to the king. The obedience at the Merovingians, far from a simple product of the force, was confidentially connected to the capacity of the prince to grant to its subjects certain number of possessions, materials or not. The work tries to bring elements which will allow to place the expression reges pro publicis utilitatibus within the links of power in the Frankish monarchy throughout period in question
Petit-Renaud, Sophie. ""Faire loy" au Royaume de France de Philippe VI à Charles V : 1328-1380." Paris 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA020018.
Full textAjavon, Ayikoe Emmanuel Bonito William. "Essai sur la France et la coopération décentralisée." Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05D013.
Full textThe present study is an essay on France and decentralized cooperation it revolves around two main points which deal with the implications of decentralized cooperation in public law but also the legal dimension of this embryonic international action. This work is required to capture the essence of French decentralized cooperation. This is to show that France has not taken the full measure of this mode of expression of foreign relations of local authorities which he helped develop. This necessitate to highlight the evolution of decentralized cooperation including the study of proto-decentralized cooperation, the antechamber of modern decentralized cooperation. This study examines the adequacy of decentralized cooperation as envisaged by the legislator to present the reality of it to release an operational concept of French decentralized cooperation with innovative and cutting edge designs making general this term the general framework of different types of external actions that communities can lead. Finally, the main originality of this work is its international dimension which means that the external actions of local authorities are not considered solely in terms of states but also in terms of international organizations like the UN. As a result of all that has just been presented we can conclude the existence of a soft power of the French local authorities who comes to marry, combine with the international state
Hassine, Hafedh. "Un interlocuteur pour la France en Méditerranée : la régence de Tunis au XVIIIe siècle." Nice, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NICE2029.
Full textMyers, Nicholas. "La représentation du prince et le problème de l'autorité en Angleterre et en France : vers 1558 - vers 1600." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040113.
Full textThis study focusses on the end of the renaissance and the beginning of the baroque period. At this time, the monarch can be seen as both real and fictional. Cornerstone of the political and religious order, he is equally the point on which the collective imaginary converges. We study the ways in which the prince is represented; how his authority is constructed or deconstructed by the process of interpretation. The triangular problem of authority, representation and interpretation constitutes the backbone of our study. Since England fully participates in the major intellectual movements originating on the continent - humanism and reformation - we give an account of royal imagery in France during the period. In the first section, we sketch the main features of the royal image inherited from the classical period, as well as the way in which it is reshaped in the early 16th century, in the writings of such as Tyndale and Ponet. In the second section we study, against their historical background, the imaginary representations of Elizabeth I and James I, but equally, for the alternative perspective they afford, those of Henri III and Henri IV. We conclude that the civil war and commonwealth period marks the end of an episteme, inasmuch as the monarchy will never again recover its magical prestige in the collective imaginary, and that henceforth it is obliged to cede its monopoly as source of rational justice to the corpus of legal texts and those who interpret them. We have attempted to clarify the obscure and complex interplay between literature and history, a dialectic in which the monarch is both agent and object. What is proposed is a study on the text, the intertext and the context centered on the prince
Bergerot, Guillaume. "« Oriatur in diebus vestris justitia et abundantia pacis » : La mission de justice du roi de Louis VI à Philippe II Auguste." Thesis, Paris 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA020035.
Full textJustice, the unchanging duty of the royalship, gave to the Kings of the XII century, the ability to progressively regain their authority throughout the regnum.Louis VI, but more importantly Louis VII whose the reign should be rehabilitated, worked on it pragmatically, dealing with it like a sacred mission received during the coronation ceremony and exercised in their own way for peace. Throughout their reigns, they contributed to the splendor of the following reign of Philippe August.In 1223, royal justice was expressed clearly through the supremacy of the king over his people: his majesty. Royal justice meant more the king’s judicial function. The king had to protect right before the conflicts.The Capetians free jurisdiction extended their leadership over the kingdom, giving charters of confirmation, charters for protecting people and their juridicial acts. The Capetians were zealous in taking care of the weak, in trying hard to alleviate their plight and working for the establishment of social justice. The judicial proceedings in royal court were efficient and made the royal justice very attractive : people believed in the equity of the royal judge’s decisions.The alternative dispute resolution allowed them to restore the concord. The royal judgements showed mercy and clemency -signs of the king’s authority. However it happened he gave severe punishments based on retribution. The subjects claimed for the royal justice royal. Being concerned by their requests, the Capetians honored their royal duty and proved their ability and efficiency for governing. They infused a new political breathe which would make the royal sovereignty great again soon
Cauquil-Darrouy, Emmanuelle. "Légitimité d'origine et légitimité d'exercice : le baptême du pouvoir de l'Empire romain au Royaume de France, IVe-XIe siècles." Toulouse 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU10077.
Full textDivine origin and a just government have been the ideological foundation of the power of princes since remote antiquity. The edict of Milan in 313 and the edict of Thessalonique in 380 have generated the Christianization of these ideological foundations. During the early middle ages, the prince had to claim the Christian origin of his power and exercise justice according to the prescriptions biblical, patristic and ecclesiastical, without making a distinction between the temporal and the spiritual. Christianism separated the divine and the human, and forbade the claim to a divine ancestry. On the other hand, biblical writings were bringing new ideals of kingship to Christian kings: they became rex et sacerdos. Paradoxically, the adoption of the new religion hasn't made away with the reference to mythological (Trojan legend) or imaginary origins (Auguste, Constantin or Theodose). These filiations, always repeated by Frankish kings have also served to decorate instruments of power. These instruments were endowed with an important function of legitimation. They were used for anointing more particularly, tangible manifestation of the divine choice of the francks. Their early adherence to orthodoxy allowed them to retake the role of the first Christian emperors, such Constantin or Theodose. Possessing the power of divine origin, the governants wanted to spread Christian justice to all parts of the earth. Charlemagne extended the frontiers and was appeared to have been elected to manage the ecclesia. Nevertheless they weren't the only ones who asserted divine election. Kings were opposed to ecclesiastics, who wanted to advise, supervise and restrict the action of princes. In order to remove the secular element from the church, the Latran's council opened the way to theological and political discussions, which was the prelude to a new repartition of power between church and state
Pakin, Daniel. "Finance et pouvoir : les stratégies de la famille Chaumont en France et en Lorraine au XVIIIe siècle, de la guerre de succession d'Espagne à la Révolution." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLV061.
Full textChaumont family, "bourgeois" from Namur won only depreciated bills of exchange by suppliing French armies during the wae of the Spanish succession in Flanders.They emigrated to Paris, around 1719 and speculated successfully during the 'Mississipi Bubble" to build a real estate fortune in France and buy offices in the senior royal administration.They also built a network of matrimonial alliances with rich, new ennobled families. The eldest son was related by marriage with Philibert Orry, future minister of State. He was appointed chancelor of king Stanislas, Duke of Lorraine and Bar. He stayed at this responsability for twenty-nine years and ruled the duchies for the sake of the French kingdom. The whole family benefited from the lasting appointment to obtain offices and prebends from Lorraine in the Church or the Army or the Administration.The third generation was installed in the high society, close to the royal power. Two branches still continued the family line as royal provincial intendant or director of the Roads Department or bishop. The French revolution disrupted the family's rise. THe prominent, close the king functions were definitively weakened.We highlighted the means used by the Chaumont family to realize their fortune and a very kick social rise over three generations; how this family was only one example among others but also why it was a particular case
Popescu, Dan-Alexandru Merdrignac Bernard Brezeanu Stelian. "La symbolique du pouvoir monarchique au Moyen âge (Les principautés roumaines et la france: étude comparative) de l'Orient à l'Occident : le souverain chrétien /." Rennes : Université Rennes 2, 2007. http://theses.scdbases.uhb.fr:8000/thesepopescu.pdf.
Full textThèse soutenue en co-tutelle. Bibliogr. f. 304-345. Annexes.
Cazaux, Loïc. "Guerre et pouvoir : les capitaines face à la justice dans le royaume de France au XVe siècle." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010702.
Full textSeignalet-Mauhourat, François. ""A ces causes. . . " : essai sur les préambules des ordonnances royales aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles." Toulouse 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU10043.
Full textOn the ancient France, the king's ordonnances ("les lois du roi") began with a preamble in which the prince explains what reasons drive him to take the disposition. This indication of motives is specificially monarchical and disappers from the French legislation with the Revolution. This subject interests few historians and jurists, and yet it's an interesting contrast to the absolutist principles : theoretically, the will of the prince is enough and being king by divine right, it dispends the prince to justify oneself. The meaning of this motivation is explained by the study of the doctrine, the law directories, the political litterature and remonstrances of the parlements : at the crossroad of law and political science, it's a necessity for each ordonnance, a practical tool for the interpretation of the royal acts, and a power instrument to "rule the mind". The preambles are an illustration of the subleties of French absolutism
Legay, Marie-Laure. "L'état royal et les provinces septentrionales : le pouvoir administratif et politique des états provinciaux de Louis XIV à la Révolution (Artois, Cambrésis, Flandre wallonne, 1660-1790)." Lille 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LIL3A001.
Full textAladjidi, Priscille. "Rex pater pauperum : théorie et pratique de la charité royale en France (XIIIe-XVe siècle)." Paris 10, 2006. https://www-numeriquepremium-com.doc-elec.univ-lemans.fr/content/books/9782753507159.
Full textDuring the last centuries of the Middle Ages, charity as a Christian virtue has become a political function. At the time, it includes all the proofs of the kingly love that a sovereign is expected to give his subjects, more particularly to the poorest among them. Firstly, the study endeavours to define how the theorists of political power present charity towards the poor - which is attached to each governmental moue-as part of the definition of an ideal monarchy. Secondly, in the context of the spreading of the works of mercy and of the creation of the royal almonry, it shows the French sovereigns' actual forms of charitable practice - gifts of money or in kind, Gares to the sick-. Eventually, it demonstrates that attention to the poor is made visible and public through their own taking part in ceremonies staging the royal power. At each of these stages, the question of the definition of "the poor" is considered
Lösslein, Horst. "Possibilities of Royal Power in the Late Carolingian Age : Charles III "The Simple"." Thesis, Limoges, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIMO0012.
Full textThe thesis aims to determine the possibilities of royal power in the late Carolingian age, analysing the reign of Charles III the Simple (893/898-923). His predecessors’ reigns up to the death of his grandfather Charles II the Bald (843-877) serve as basis for comparison, thus also allowing to identify mid-term developments in the political structures shaping the Frankish world toward the turn from the 9th to the 10th century. Royal power is understood to have derived from the interaction of the ruler with the nobles around him. Following the reading of modern scholarship, the latter are considered as partners of the former, participating in the royal decision-making process and at the same time acting as executors of these decisions, thus transmitting the royal power into the various parts of the realm. Hence, the question for the royal room for manoeuvre is a question of the relations between the ruler and the nobles around him. Accordingly, the analysis of these relations forms the core part of the study. Based on the royal diplomas, interpreted in the context of the narrative evidence, the noble networks in contact with the rulers are revealed and their influence examined. Thus, over the course of the reigns of Louis II the Stammerer (877-879) and his sons Louis III (879-882) and Carloman II (879-884) up until the rule of Charles III the Fat (884-888), the existence of first one, then two groups of nobles significantly influencing royal politics become visible. This image changes only under the latter, when individual nobles originating in the immediate vicinity of the older groups were promoted. The missing inner coherence of this new elite is revealed after the death of Charles the Fat, when rivalling parties formed, which supported different candidates for the vacant throne. This fragmentation of the leading nobility continued throughout Odo’s reign (888-898) until the first years of Charles the Simple’s rule. Only then, after the death of political key figures, the full integration of those nobles opposing the new king into the circle around him became possible. Over the course of the next decades this circle underwent a number of further modifications, most of all by the integration of numerous nobles after the addition of Lotharingia to Charles’ rule as well as the ascent of a new group of nobles promoted by the king in the late 910s. These analyses constitute the basis for an evaluation of the rulers’ activities in regard to their peers as well as the Vikings. A close cooperation between the rulers is revealed to have had a stabilizing effect on the relations between the rulers and the nobles. At the same time, however, these alliances also limited their room for manoeuvre when it came to pursuing their interests against their partners. Concerning the politics pursued against the Vikings, purely military measures to secure the realm remained rather ineffective. Longer lasting success could only be obtained by diplomatic agreements with the Northmen, negotiated and implemented with the support of the leading nobles of the realm. While for the most part of his reign Charles enjoyed the support of the leading nobles, his rule, nevertheless, remains under the shadow of their rebellion against him in 922. Outlining the importance of trust by analysing different conflict situations, this contrast is resolved by arguing that the deterioration of the relations between Charles and the nobles was caused by repeated actions of the king, which were perceived as violations of the existing norms and a failure to adjust his symbolic language to respond to this crisis
Nadiras, Sébastien. "Guillaume de Nogaret en ses dossiers : méthodes de travail et de gouvernement d'un conseiller royal au début du XIVe siècle." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010573.
Full textPardanaud-Landriot, Chloé. "Plumes royales : l'art épistolaire chez les souverains et souveraines de Navarre et de France au XVIe siècle." Phd thesis, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00959069.
Full textBiscay, Myriam. "Pouvoir et enseignement du droit en France et dans l'Italie du nord du XVIIe siècle à la fin du Ier Empire." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO30059.
Full textFrom the genesis of the universities in the late twelfth century, autonomy implies a certain relationship to power as they only exist if they are recognized and guaranteed by external autorithies. The Faculties of Laws, universities components, are particularly related to political power because of the close relationship liking the political and law. In France, from the seventeenth century, the royal power truly interferes in the field of law schools. This process of political interference power over law schools extends to the height of the Napoleonic reform establishing the Imperial University. It is a phase transformation of law schools, combined with the transformation of the state itself, between the faculties of medieval law, holders of a degree of autonomy, to the state-owned institutions, whose purpose is defined by the political power. The faculties of law in northern Italy, at least in Piemont and Lombardy Austrian, experience the same evolution through reforms of the eighteenth century led respectively by Victor Amadeus II and Maria Theresa of Austria. The political influence, highlighting the objectives assigned to the faculties of law, resulting in a control structure but also by interference in the same educational content. Thus, the type of lawyer wanted by the political power emerges through various reforms
Nielen, Marie-Adélaïde. "Feliciter ! Des royaumes mérovingiens aux royaumes d'Orient : recherche sur les élites et les modes d'expression du pouvoir au Moyen Âge." Thesis, Paris, Ecole nationale des chartes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ENCP0001/document.
Full textThis thesis presents the results of research conducted over the past thirty years on the history of medieval elites. The thesis focuses on two major topics. The first is the society of the Latin East. Publication of a genealogical text, Les lignages d’Outremer, has been followed by a series of studies of the noble families of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem and an edition of an account of a pilgrimage to the Holy Land. The second area is royal sigillography. Studies of the seals of medieval French queens and their children constitute one facet of this research, whereas examination of the seals found on 250 diplomas in the Archives nationales has facilitated exploration of the seals of Merovingian and Carolingian kings and emperors. The discovery of human hair in the seals has prompted the search for possible explanations of this phenomenon, which are proposed and discussed in different parts of the dossier, particularly in an appendix, "De anolo." An additional, supplementary part of my work has focused on the conservation of seals and the development of methods to prevent their deterioration
Canteaut, Olivier. "Gouvernement et hommes de gouvernement sous les derniers Capétiens (1313-1328)." Paris 1, 2005. https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01663771.
Full textRoberge, Céline. "Les abbayes cisterciennes de l'ancien diocèse de Bourges aux XIIe et XIIIe siècles." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100034/document.
Full textThe Cistercians settled in numerous dioceses throughout the 12th and 13th centuries. The diocese of Bourges stands alone amongst those around il for the quantity and earliness of its foundations. The first explanation to this phenomenon can be found in the obvious piety during this era, transmitted, if not amplified, by archbishops maintaining links to Bernard de Clairvaux. There also exists, however, a true settlement "policy", managed, it is true, by the archbishops, but intensified by the struggle for influence between the various "factions" sharing this territory. It is therefore clearly apparent that these institutions hold a role as much political as religious. It is in this context that the diocese of Bourges hosts fourteen institutions. Individual study has shed light on some of them, which had been totally ignored by scholars, or had at best been unrecognised. Thus, from a historical point of view, it has been possible to pinpoint the founding dates and at times to reveal the identity of the founding members, as well as what motivated them. For it part, architectural study was the point of origin of the rediscovery of the buildings' plans, or at least a reasonable hypothesis for them. It also helped to establish new time brackets for the construction and to identify the dates of introduction and use of new techniques. A coherent whole therefore emerges, at the heart of which advances in architectural techniques are shared and behind which transpires the influence of the order, more structural than formal
Baroin, Agathe. "La reine mérovingienne : institution et représentations." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100177.
Full textOver the past few years, interest in studies concerning the High Middles Ages has increased thanks, in particular, to work relating to women; however, this work does not take into account the particular situation of the queen. Owing to the absence of written sources defining and surrounding the status and role of the queen in the Merovingian period, the question is whether we can speak of a reginal institution during a period that is often qualified as intermediary. The lack of political theorization concerning both royal functions and reginal functions, does not however indicate the absence of kingship or queenship. Since the normative sources are not sufficient for the study of the Merovingian queen, it was also necessary to resort to the numerous narrative, diplomatic, epistolary, patristic and archaeological sources available for the period studied. From the extreme diversity of sources, two areas of research clearly stood out. The first one aims to demonstrate the originality of the relations of the queen with her relatives, firstly within the couple she formed with the king and secondly, through the ties she maintained with the other family members. It is certainly within this scope that the traces of a Germanic past had the most significant effect on manners and attitudes. Furthermore, the parameters of the queen’s function became apparent by situating the place and role of the Merovingian queen within secular society, and then by showing the queen’s contribution in setting up an ecclesiastical order that led the monarchy towards the construction of a Christian kingdom
Popescu, Dan-Alexandru. "La symbolique du pouvoir monarchique au Moyen âge (Les principautés roumaines et la france: étude comparative) : de l'Orient à l'Occident : le souverain chrétien." Rennes 2, 2006. http://www.bu.univ-rennes2.fr/system/files/theses/thesepopescu.pdf.
Full textThe medieval European civilization is a deeply Christian one. Jesus is the only example to follow, an exquisite Rex gloriae, whose kingdom remains separate from the physical universe and from the earthly life. The monarch, in expectation of the eternal redemption, can aspire to imitate his “superior”. King's power is limited by the power of God (rex a Deo coronatus): the anointment and the coronation of the monarch are two stages in the same mythical rite, of an initiating character, by which a person is invested with the divine gift. But sacred does not mean holy, and the sovereign has to be worthy of God's trust every day (being a mimethes Christou, like in the Byzantine imperial tradition). The church, an active participant in the ceremony by which a new king is born (consacratio) cannot afford to be ignored and the alliance between the two institutions is welded by their common mission: the government, in the name of God, of the human community (respublica Christiana). Orthodoxy, the prevalence of customs and the maintenance of traditions, the lack or the inefficiency of striving for social renewal, the patriarchal organization of life after a Byzantine archetypal model, all these define the originality of the Romanian feudality within the framework of a larger cultural-european area. With reference to political creation, the domnia, this becomes complete with the institution of church: the ruling authority cannot depart from the religious element, which is constitutive of the state. The feudal monarchy is based on the support it offers to monachical life, in exchange of which it receives political support. The spirituality is in search of patrons, and the ruling power wants mystical support: the voivode-church relationship is thus, welded rapidly and on the long-term
Bril, Damien. "Anne d’Autriche en ses images : légitimation du pouvoir féminin et culture visuelle de la majesté dans la France du XVIIe siècle." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCH038.
Full textAnne of Austria offers an important part, yet neglected, in the the development of royal iconography in seventeenth century France. Devoided from management of power under the reign of her husband Louis XIII, she is however the subject of many representations. The number of her images increases when she accedes to the responsibilities of the government at the death of the king, in 1643, becoming regent in the name of her minor son, Louis XIV. Beyond its majority in 1651, she maintains herself at a prominent place, until the death of Mazarin in 1661. During these two decades, a deep political crisis in France culminates in the so-called Fronde. In this context, the image of Anne of Austria becomes the instrument of a visual narrative on monarchical authority and for the defense of the royal power. Crossing a large corpus of representations of the regent with textual sources, this thesis analyzes the visual construction of this narrative, and its effects on the evolution of the image of power in France after the reign of Louis XIII. In contemporary legal and symbolic literature, "majesty" is presented as he essential quality of the sovereign and the mark of his identity. It must then be visually translated in a female incarnation, despite the fundamental laws, in particular the Salic law, which however exclude women from power. The abundance of the images collected for this thesis, nearly five hundred items, offers an essential source to understand how the queen was able to overcome this constraint and contribute, by renewing its models, to the representation of the monarchical authority. This thesis allows us to reconsider the relationship between women and power. To analyze these different issues, the thesis is organized in four parts. The first part attempts to understand the image of the reigning queen, analyzing in a first chapter the legal definition of the queen, to show how the legal order determines the symbolic one. One can thus understand how the marriage of the queen in 1615 and her arrival at the court can be apprehended as an "iconographic birth". The second chapter explores the different features of this portrait of the queen, showing that it is at the same time a revelation of personal characteristics of the queen and a reaction to the queen's political and civil situation. The second part raises the question of the means implemented to operate the transformation of this image, which allows the queen to appear as regent of the kingdom. The third chapter analyzes in particular the chronological stages of this transformation, while the fourth chapter studies, from a practical point of view, the "fabrication" of this image. The third part then considers the content of the images, drawing up a three-step analysis of its iconography. The fifth chapter addresses the body of the queen as a support for the moral dimensions of her portrait. The sixth chapter deepens this question in the religious perspective, studying how the regent manages to produce the image of a queen "très chrétienne". The seventh chapter concludes this iconographic analysis by studying the political dimension of Anne of Austria's image. The fourth and last part gives finally an analysis of the way these images "operate". The eighth chapter shows how the situation of the queen's representations in decor is decisive for their interpretation, considering the cases of the royal residences and the private interiors. Finally, the ninth chapter proposes a study of the performance of images, extending the analysis to the public uses of representations of the queen, in monuments or during ceremonies
Mainguy, Anne. "Du corps du roi aux corps de l'Etat : les jetons des grandes administrations, 1695-1758." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0A11.
Full textMy work deals with the imagery of the french monarchy, by studying a numismatic source: jettons. I try to rehabilitate jettons first as a fondamental component place in the numismatic, which has been neglecting them for too long a time, and second as crucial source for historical research, as a significant source. The first volume of my thesis is an historical study of these tokens. In the first part, i describe how jettons were used in the medieval accountancy. From henri iv, they give more and more a political message. Under absolut monarchy, the state has monopoly over metallic messages : the academic des inscriptions et belles-lettres is sole creator of the inscriptions and iconography which can be found on these jettons, and political authorities supervise its works. Jettons means for ideological propaganda. The second part of my work describes the way in which these tokens are created, their strike, and i present the craftsmen involved. Jettons are distributed to the highest dignitaries of the french state. They are created by an elite for the elite. In the third part of my work, i study the symbolic language, and especially three themes: war, sea and finances. In the light of the works of kantorowicz, ralph giesey, jean-marie apostolides, louis marin (among others), it is possible to study the realistic or symbolic representations of the king's body. We see that the state bodies (the administrations) become more and more autonomous, while the king's body becomes progressively abstract. This metallic source shows how new values are appearing: after louis xiv, the war's king, economic and financial concerns become more significant. The second volume of my thesis is constituted by a corpus, where all studied pieces are gathered, from 1695 (the monopoly's beginning) to 1758 (strikes end). They are each illustrated, described, with the latine inscription and its translation. Documents referring to each jetton is related. Jettons are presented in the following order : "tresor royal", "parties casuelles", "ordinaire des guerres", "extraordinaire des guerres", "marine", "galeres", "artillerie", "batiments du roi", "chambre aux deniers", "maison de la reine" and "maison de madame la dauphine"
Rodriguez, Juliana Eva. "Una "arquitectónica del poder". Christine de Pizan y la construcción del reino en la Francia bajomedieval." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0090.
Full textIn a time in which plenty academic works in the field of Literary and Gender Studies recognize certain involvement of Christine de Pizan in the political literature of the late Middle Ages, the study of her political thought in its whole complexity remains underdeveloped. For that reason, this study portraits the core of the multidimensional contribution of Christine de Pizan to the medieval politics, which is the critical understanding of an innovative and complex schema of power structuring. Her ideas went far away from the writers of her time by devising the royalty itself as a solid architectural system. To embrace her ideas is necessary to understand the reflections about the monarchy in her political writings of the early fifteenth century. At the heart of his political thought, the wise king, an emerging figure of the clerical tradition of the thirteenth century, seems to become a king architect and his kingdom a beautiful architecture, as a perfect political society. Wisdom itself seems to be a force of transformation in society by acting on the political and social structure of the past, deeply marked by the christian tradition. This form of intelligence, both theoretical and practical, produces a whole reconfiguration of social relations and government frameworks. If we think of society as a living architecture, totally contained in the church of the Middle Ages, we can expect at the end of this time the birth of the new social configurations, such as the city, the principality and the kingdom. Now, it is by appropriating the ecclesiastical sacrality that these new powers are configured. Due to this process, we can speak of an architectural sovereignty, as well as a governmental science, whose origins go back to the medieval era and not to modernity. It is not to the modern but to the medieval writers that we owes the introduction, the interpretation, and the revival of the rich Aristotelian notion of «architectonic science», even «architectonic», whose medieval trajectory remains unexplored. Christine’s genius consists in highlighting the concrete aspect of the principal science, by crossing theoretical and practical registers, through the facts and mores of Charles V especially in her book Les fais et bonnes meurs du sage roy Charles V. The author considers the figure of the “King” as a real «suppost», a kind of experimental matrix from which to create the best science of government. This scientific conception opens the way to an entirely experimental analysis of the royal figure, which introduced the idea of governmental rationality linked to an instrumental conception of science. The Aristotelian approach allows the writer to open the game of earthly positives and to think about the city of men, in other words, politics, without recourse to ecclesiastical power. By following the path marked by Aristotelians, Christine de Pizan went further than them in the application of aristotelian wisdom to her model of wise king. By developing as much as possible the premises of architectonics, with the main science ‒politics‒ and subordinate sciences, the writer enable to take a fundamental leap forward: a change from the traditional literate king of mirrors for princes to the wise king of aristotelian nature. As we can see the wise king of Christine de Pizan appears as a new type of architect, whose power does not depend on his role as the head of the Church, nor on the ritual of the consecration conducted by the ecclesiastics. In other words, the wise king of Christine de Pizan aware of the first causes, is at the same time philosopher and theologian. Owner of theoretical and practical philosophy, the wisdom of the king appears as the substance of the French royalty and gives form to the kingdom of France. The king as the architect of the kingdom breaks the power of the Church, by questioning his role of being the only institution capable of embodying the substance of Christian society
Leyte, Guillaume. "Domaine et domanialité publique dans la France médiévale : XIIe-XVe siècles." Paris 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA020060.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to show the origins of the public domain in medieval france, where the "edit de moulins", of 1566, is generally considered as the first statute declaring the inalienability of the crown lands. In fact, the glossators, much earlier than the 16th century, have established that the public possessions had a particular nature. The french monarchy has also tried to give a special juridic regime to her goods. In the towns too, streets, places, bridges are subject to public usage and utility. The first part of this work tends to analyze the notion of domaniality throughout juridic doctrine, royal legislation and jurisprudence, and town statutes. The second part shows how a specific regime is attached to public possessions, linked to public interest and public utility
Loiseau, Jérôme. "L'ordre et la dette : les gentilshommes des états de Bourgogne et la prétention absolutiste, d'Henri IV à Louis XIV (1602-1715)." Dijon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008DIJOL023.
Full textAfter 1660, membership in the Chamber of the nobility of the Burgundian Estates became increasingly attractive, to the point that in 1679 the institution closed its doors to nobles who were not gentilshommes. This suggests that, contrary to a long historiographical tradition, the Estates were not an empty shell without political interests or power. In fact, the institution reinvented itself, thanks to royal authority that required regular triennial meetings. The new building that housed the Estates, and the new opening ceremony that was in place after 1680 are indicative of a radical transformation from the simple pursuit of the respect of noble privilege toward administrative and “fisco-financial” cooperation with Louis XIV’s monarchy. The gentilshommes formed a homogenous assembly that was dominated by an oligarchy linking ancient Burgundian families to the governor’s faction, notably the Princes of Condé. While they were motivated partly by a legitimist sense of obedience to the king, the pursuit of this new political strategy also worked in favour of their symbolic and material interests. In the context of the increasing complexity of royal demands, attendance at the Estates became an opportunity to familiarise themselves with questions of common interest and financial techniques. The final result was that a substantial minority of the members applied in civil government a service ethic developed in the king’s armies. They became, in short, true provincial administrators
Jaminon-Boinet, Raphaële. "Le comté de Ponthieu, XIIIe siècle-début du XVIe siècle : une principauté territoriale entre France, Flandre et Angleterre." Amiens, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AMIE0024.
Full textThe county of Ponthieu is a territorial principality located between Bresle and Canche. The count’s dynasty appears at the beginning of the XIth century. At the convergence of flemish and anglo-norman ambitions, it remains loyal to the King of France until the XIIIth century. On the XIVth century, it makes way for prominent personages succession. This thesis tries to answer questions from political, institutional, economical matter: royal authority progresses, strategic advantage of the county, war consequences. So the first part introduces the county in its diversity, in the XIIIth and XIVth centuries: institutions and powers interlocking, count’s estate. The second part deals with royal government and several authorities changes between 1361 and 1435. It ends to a third shutter, about the tardy peace return, after fifty years burgundy authority (1435-1477). If royal power expresses with strength, the end of the XVth century is synonymous with resumption
Rousselet-Pimont, Anne. "Le chancelier, vicaire et lieutenant général du roy sur le faict de la loy : d'après l'oeuvre d'Antoine Duprat, Guillaume Poyet et Michel de l'Hospital." Paris 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA02A001.
Full textChen, Jie. "Le théâtre et le pouvoir au XVIIe siècle : le patronage en question." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040076/document.
Full textWe studied in this work the concrete ways in which are expressed the relations between the power and the theater in the seventeenth century, when this art was already associated with the principle of mass distribution which allows it to flourish regardless of patronage. As the theater is both a practice and a literature, our investigation was conducted in two stages. We are primarily interested in professional actors, most of whom have formed theatre troops bearing the name of a powerful man. This reality seems a priori obvious is nevertheless revealing. The history of the Royal troupe of Hôtel de Bourgogne is a prime example. Other smaller companies maintain also close relations with their protectors. This is for example the case of the theater troop of Great Condé that we studied. But most of the time, these touring companies are not close to their patrons. Rather, they are in contact with other bodies of power, especially the municipal power. Thus the first part of our work ends with two case studies on Dijon and Brussels, two favorite destinations of theater troops. After studying the actors, our investigation continues by focusing on playwrights. The question of relations between playwrights and patrons is part of a vast subject that is the literary patronage in general. We tried to illustrate it through the example of the patronage of Richelieu, preceded by a preliminary inquiry into the question of dedication who served our whole second part
Lavieille, Géraldine. "L’icône royale : fabrications collectives et usages politiques de l’image religieuse du roi de France au Grand Siècle." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE3050.
Full textThe transformations that occurred in France after the Wars of Religion altered the interweaving between the political and the religious spheres. The split between Protestants and Catholics, the rebuilding of the church, the nation and the state, the transformations of the religious beliefs and practices, and the new strength of the gallicanisms led to changes in the religious idea of the royal power between the reign of Henry IV and Louis XIV. These evolutions are assessable on a symbolic level. From 1589 to 1715, an abundant iconography places the monarch in a religious situation, puts him in touch with saints or God, or underlines the importance of his action in the religious field. These portraits of the reigning king or deceased kings, produced in dispatched places in the kingdom, reveal a different image of the royal power than the iconography that has most been studied up to now. It includes an inherited sacrality, built during the Middle Ages and still important in the 17th century, and new elements, which entail the growth of cults associating the monarch and his subjects, such as the cults of saint Louis and the Virgin Mary, marked by the vow of Louis XIII. It must furthermore be understood within the framework of the evolution of the divine right, in its links with the royal authority and power. It builds an image of harmony that shows the place of the iconography in the legitimization of a political and social order linking terrestrial and celestial spaces. The creation of these objects (paintings, sculptures, engravings, etc.), often far away from the court, often in loose relationships with the royal power, cannot be understood as propaganda: it rather emphasizes collective makings of the religious portrait of the king. Thus, this thesis offers a cultural history of the political field, leaning on an iconographic approach including social practices and political theories
Aznar, Daniel. "Cataluña y el Rey. Representaciones y prácticas de la Majestad durante el cambio de soberanía (1640-1655)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040228.
Full textThe integration of Catalonia into the French Monarchy in 1641 opens a period of coexistence of two political universes. In France, the incorporation of the new province arrives in a social context under the influence of a strong culture of heroism. Under Louis XIII’s reign culminates a process of reformulation of the heroic paradigm: a political model of government and an ethical referent for the French nobility. The heroic culture is taken to its paroxysm when the Spanish war begins. The proclamation of the king as sovereign of Catalonia opens new horizons for this imagery, mobilizing also old messianic referents. The narrative of the Catalan enterprise developed by the royal entourage offers a new perspective of Louis XIII’s image making process. This Catalan enterprise completes the build of the king’s heroic profile, and serves to make his apotheosis, emphasizing the fact of a sacrificial death as a consequence of the royal presence in the Perpignan’s siege.The viceroys become the center of a heroic narrative also. They are protagonists of a true «Catalan epic». The light and darkness of this heroic experience of politics appear through the destiny, sometimes tragic, of these king’s agents (and images). They have to face, besides the military and political challenges, the power struggles in court. On the Catalan side, the accession of king Louis XIII has to be considered in the «revolutionary» context of 1640. The leaders of the revolt, who claim to be loyal to their king, Philip IV, build a narrative able to tame serious adverse events that sometimes escape their control. The horizon of a providential «restoration» of Catalonia appears in this narrative. Republican time seems here «unfound», between the broken of one king’s jurisdiction and the other king proclamation. Since then a providential propaganda speech about the restoration of the Principality through a Messianic Royalty incarnated by the new prince. The new king’s figure becomes one idealized image where Catalans look to project their political expectations, as well as a way for the Catalan leaders to justify themselves. The failed royal visit to Barcelona shortly precedes the king’s death. The royal funerals serve to the crystallization of these narratives: they offer the image of a «sacrificed» king, who is also a saint. He becomes the real emblem of the Franco-Catalan regime
Degoy, Axel. "Représentation du roi et pouvoir de « faire loy » : Enquête autour de l’activité normative du parlement de Paris à l’époque de Charles VI et de la double monarchie franco-anglaise (1380-1436)." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020017.
Full textSince it is now recognized that the various arguments put forward by the parliaments of the monarchy in modern age in order to legitimize their claim to freely check the royal edicts had medieval roots, it was not unjustified to inquire whether their inclination to raise their regulation judgments to the rank of actual laws was not, similarly, already raising in the Late Middle Ages. An investigation of the archives of the Parliament of Paris contemporaneous with the reign of Charles VI (1380-1422) and with the double Franco-English monarchy (1422-1436) confirms this hypothesis. The investigation indeed shows that, at the turn of the 14th and 15th centuries, in the Parisian parliamentary environment, it was considered not only that, by its jurisprudence, the “sovereign and capital court of the kingdom” emanated regulations which made laws, but also that the regulation judgments it enacted, or at least some of them, were sovereign normative acts, or even constituted genuine royal rulings. This acknowledged ability of the Supreme Court to be a genuine co-legislator was, as it happens, logical and natural, if one takes the trouble to place it in the institutional, political, and ideological context of the period
Saunier, Claire. "La doctrine des « questions politiques ». Étude comparée : Angleterre, France, États-Unis." Thesis, Paris 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA020034.
Full textAs guardians of the respect of the laws and the constitution, judges often have to face cases that question the legality of decisions from the highest executive authorities or from the legislator. Some of those issues are highly politically sensitive because they reflect discretionary choices made by those political authorities. In such delicate cases, judges have to reconcile two imperatives. On the one hand they have to provide a remedy to the claimants, in order to achieve the rule of law (or, the État de droit) and decide the case and, on the other hand, they have to respect the fundamental principle of the separation of powers which requires that they do not exceed their powers. Those two imperatives are central in western democracies, therefore this problem appears in various legal systems. A similar device has been elaborated in those different systems. French, American and English judges have indeed decided to isolate certain issues, which seemed to make them improper for judicial resolution. This judicial category can be designated by the term “political questions,” which is used in the American case law. This term also suits other categories found in the French case law, such as the “actes de gouvernement” and “actes parlementaires”, but also in the English case law, where judges refused to decide what they call “Acts of State” or some decisions based on the Royal Prerogative. In spite of the important cultural differences between those systems, it is interesting to see that those categories gather similar decisions. In other words, these “political questions” doctrine reflect the idea that political matters could be distinguished from legal matters. The whole point of this research will be to examine the significance of the dichotomy between law and politics, through the analysis of case law related to the “political questions” doctrine and the doctrinal approaches of this category
Morgat, Alain. "Tenir son rang : Apanages et douaires royaux en France au seizième siècle (1498-1620)." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040198.
Full textLe roi de France accorde depuis le Moyen Age aux membres de sa famille des domaines afin que ceux-ci aient les moyens financiers de tenir un rang digne de leur origine. Cette pratique perdure au XVIe siècle, au cours duquel une vingtaine d'apanages et de douaires sont constitués en faveur de princes, de princesses et de reines douairières de France. Les femmes ont en effet encore le droit de recevoir des donations domaniales, en dépit d'un certain durcissement de la législation à cette époque. Les ressources de leurs domaines et l'aide financière du roi permettent aux princes d'entretenir une maison conforme à leur rang, grâce à la gestion attentive des Conseils qui les assistent. Au sein des domaines princiers, les juridictions et les officiers locaux prennent en compte le changement d'autorité, sans pour autant s'écarter du modèle de l'administration monarchique. La présence des princes apanagés s'y marque surtout en cas d'action particulière, par exemple les faveurs des duchesses de Berry Marguerite d'Angoulême et de Marguerite de France à l'égard de l'université de Bourges ou l'utilisation du duché d'Anjou par François d'Alençon dans le cadre de ses menées politiques
Fournier, Raphaël. "Rangs, préséances, hiérarchie et constitution du royaume de Louis XIII à la Régence." Thesis, Paris 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA020062.
Full textConflicts of rank in France in the 17th and 18th centuries were an abundant source of litigation. If their social and symbolic dimensions have already been studied, their legal dimension has attracted less attention. A phenomenological approach to ranks, precedencies, and hierarchies, as well as their ensuing conflicts and subsequent outcomes reveal their contentious, legal and judicial character. Upon examination, the ceremonies and acts during which public authority (the sovereigns' public audiences, parliamentary sessions presided over by the king, royal entrances, and the main ceremonies of information) expressed itself reveal a constitutional character before the very existence of such a document, as well as the permeability maintained between the sign of authority - as assumed by rank - and the authority itself. On the other hand, the elements of contemporary doctrine, as precious as they may be, remain perplexing. Poor or lacking, doctrine seems to be exceedingly cautious. The authority of the precedent is tacitly recognized whereas the demiurge sovereign's discretionary power indiscreetly exalted. However, the era was hardly lacking in any adequate thought as to ranks. The contemporary literature shows that the hierarchy constituted a fundamental scheme or an implicit structure of discourse for the educated public at the time. What doctrine seeks to silence and what contemporary sources reveal is the competition of two matrices at work in the royal State of the Classical Age, the growing contradiction between sovereignty and hierarchy
Blond, Stéphane. "L'atlas de Trudaine : pouvoirs, administrations et savoirs techniques (vers 1730 - vers 1780)." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0103.
Full textThis thesis studies a source neglected by historiography: the atlas of Trudaine. This cartographic inventory dedicated to the royal roads ordered at the end of the years 1730 by Philibert Orry (1689-1747), a controller general of finances who tries to cure at the catastrophic state of tl French roads. The atlas owes its name with two administrators in charge of his realization and whose role deserved to be evaluated: Daniel-Chares Trudaine (1703-1769) and his son, Jean-Charles-Philibert Trudaine de Montigny (1733-1777). The atlas forms a vast corpus which 2500 roadmaps and more than 900 plans of structures. Handwritten sources preserved in a hundred deposits are mobilized to describe the role of the various actors and the technical knowledge implemented. The analysis is led around two objectives: the examination of the methods of making of the atlas and a better knowledge of its stakes for the Power. For that purpose, three great parts are devoted to strong times of its history : its origins, its development and its uses. This study reveals a singular relationship between the Power and the cartographic tool which constitutes the principal support of a vast politic dedicated to the regional planning. With this vast collection of maps, the administrators have at their disposal a very detailed source which makes it possible to evaluate and to plan road work and their incidences. From the broader point of view, it also appears that this investigation rests on precise, procedures and that it influences the parallel or later cartographic productions
Dauphant, Léonard. "« Toute France ». Construction et représentations de l'espace politique français au XVe siècle (1380-1514)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040156.
Full textDuring the 15th century, the French nation emerged and the unification of the country progressively took place, under the rule of the royal state. The question of how to control the territory, in both its intellectual and practical dimensions, was made more urgent by the troubles caused by the Hundred Years’ War. How, in the 15th century, could a King of France visualize his kingdom ? How was he able to govern it ? The territorialisation of power, oscillating between representation and real occupation, became progressively clearer. Differentiated social spaces emerged, depending on whether the regions were directly governed by the King or were entrusted to governors, be it a Prince or a Parliament. At the time when the monarchy gained overall control over the territory within the limits defined by four rivers (Scheldt, Meuse, Saone, Rhone), political society organised itself in a state constituted by offices ruled by royal law. Royal unity and diverging regional structures combined themselves into an original type of nation-state, a mixed territorial state, unitary and heterogeneous at the same time
Carbonnet, Adrien. "« À nous rebelles et désobéissantes » : Louis XI et les villes en révolte (1461-1483)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. https://acces.bibliotheque-diderot.fr/login?url=https://doi.org/10.48611/isbn.978-2-406-14355-0.
Full textLouis XI’s reign is marked by about fifty revolts in some of the « bonnes villes » of the kingdom such as Reims, Bourges and Angers as well as in towns newly conquered by the king such as Arras, Beaune, Dole or Perpignan. These uprisings, characterized by a great diversity, undermines the image of the harmonious relationship between the king and his towns that is traditionally depicted in historiography. Oppositions to the king’s power mainly take place within urban communities, with uprisings being the most visible and violent forms of dissent. The king, by chastising rebellions or by pardoning them, writes a narrative which focuses on the obedience owed to the monarch. Rebels are criminalized and their claims are quelled by a royal discourse which labels the uprisings as « rebellion and disobedience ». This narrative is executed by the king through repressions that can have various forms. Louis XI carries out a repressive policy on a large scale which, by punishing the rebellious town, allows him to reinforce his authority in his kingdom and impose his sovereignty in territories conquered by arms (in Roussillon, the Burgundies and Artois notably). On the scale of a town, the quelling of a rebellion can be the opportunity for some individuals and families to climb the social and political ladder by serving the prince and actively taking part in the return to order. The king needs these participants to maintain the obedience that pardon and grace cannot guarantee. Nevertheless, the king remains wary of the rebellious towns because dissent does not fade away
Sicard, Frédérique. "La reine dans le théâtre de la cour d'Espagne : Isabelle de Bourbon, première épouse de Philippe IV." Caen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CAEN1651.
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