Journal articles: 'Poverty and insecurity'

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Švihlíková, Ilona. "Inequality, Poverty, Insecurity." Sociální pedagogika / Social Education 3, no. 1 (April 15, 2015): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.7441/soced.2015.03.01.02.

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Standing, Guy. "Labour market policies, poverty and insecurity." International Journal of Social Welfare 20, no. 3 (January 17, 2011): 260–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2397.2010.00778.x.

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Morrissey, Taryn W., Don Oellerich, Erica Meade, Jeffrey Simms, and Ann Stock. "Neighborhood poverty and children's food insecurity." Children and Youth Services Review 66 (July 2016): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.05.006.

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Ann, Amaebube, and Alozie Nkemdilim. "FOOD INSECURITY: A WARNING SIGN OF POVERTY." International Journal of Advanced Research in Social Sciences, Environmental Studies & Technology 5, no. 2 (December 21, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.48028/iiprds/ijarssest.v5.i2.01.

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This study examined the relationship between food insecurity and poverty in Nigeria.Poverty and food insecurity is social determinants of economic wellbeing. The pandemic COVID 19 which had extremely affected the world economy has also increased the rate of food insecurity as well as poverty in various households by 16%. The present economic conditions have produced a pattern of widespread starvation among the poor with more people dying from poverty-related causes. The rapid increases in food insecurity are as a result of the pandemic, lack of agricultural storage facilities for food, and actions of wholesalers and transporter in the market. The studies enumerate the responsibilities of both governmental and non-governmental organizations on aiding the increasing food scarcity and alleviate poverty among the masses.

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Clay, Edward. "Famine, Food Insecurity, Poverty and Public Action." Development Policy Review 9, no. 3 (September 1991): 307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7679.1991.tb00190.x.

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Meyers, A. F., R. J. Karp, and J. G. Kral. "Poverty, Food Insecurity, and Obesity in Children." PEDIATRICS 118, no. 5 (November 1, 2006): 2265a—2266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-1317.

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Okolie, Ugo Chuks, Okwu A. Onyema, and Ugo S. Baseey. "POVERTY AND INSECURITY IN NIGERIA: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY." International Journal of Legal Studies ( IJOLS ) 6, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 247–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7419.

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Nigeria is a nation blessed with intellectuals, technocrats and abundant mineral resources, yet the majority of the citizens live in abject poverty. The effect of poverty is pervasive. A poor man is a problem for society and even unto himself. He is always angry, never productive and seeks succor in militia activities. Poverty to a large extent is the root cause of insecurity in Nigeria. Thus, the study examines the relationship between poverty and insecurity in Nigeria. A descriptive method was adopted and data was collected via a survey of six hundred (600) respondents using non-probabilistic sampling techniques. We anchored our investigation on some basic propositions arising from the frustration-aggression theory. Data collected were analyzed using correlation and linear regression analysis with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 21. The results among others showed that poverty has a positive and significant relationship with insecurity in Nigeria (r = 0.783). As predicted, the study also revealed that poverty exerts a positive and statistically significant impact on insecurity in Nigeria (r2 = 0.716). Therefore, the study recommends among other Nigerian government at all levels should care more about the welfare of the people by attending to their essential needs.

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Becerra, Monideepa B., Christina M. Hassija, and Benjamin J. Becerra. "Food insecurity is associated with unhealthy dietary practices among US veterans in California." Public Health Nutrition 20, no. 14 (August 30, 2016): 2569–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980016002147.

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AbstractObjectiveUS veterans (hereafter, ‘veterans’) are at risk for being overweight or obese and associated unhealthy behaviours, including poor diet; although limited studies have examined the underlying factors associated with such outcomes. As such, the present study evaluated the association between food insecurity and dietary practices among veterans.DesignA secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from the California Health Interview Survey (2009, 2011/2012) was conducted. Survey weights were applied to identify univariate means, population estimates and weighted percentages. Bivariate analyses followed by survey-weighted negative binomial regression were used to model the association between food insecurity and dietary practices of fruit, vegetable, fast food and soda intakes.SettingCalifornia Health Interview Survey 2009–2011/2012.SubjectsThe present study included a total of 11 011 veterans from California.ResultsNearly 5 % of the studied veteran population reported living in poverty with food insecurity. Compared with those at or above the poverty level and those in poverty but food secure, the mean intakes of fruits and vegetables were lower, while the mean intakes of soda and fast foods (Pfor trend <0·05) were higher among veterans living in poverty with food insecurity. Food insecurity was associated with 24 and 142 % higher average consumption of fast foods and soda, respectively, and 24 % lower fruit intake.ConclusionsFood insecurity remains a burden among veterans and is associated with unhealthy dietary practices. Targeted interventions to improve diet quality are imperative.

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Adesoye, Oluwatimilehin Peter, and Abimbola Oluyemisi Adepoju. "Food insecurity status of the working poor households in south west Nigeria." International Journal of Social Economics 47, no. 5 (April 23, 2020): 581–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-09-2019-0589.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the factors influencing the food insecurity status of the working poor households in south west Nigeria.Design/methodology/approachInternational Labour Organisation poverty line, Household Food Insecurity Access Scale as well as the Ordered Logit model were used to identify the factors influencing the food insecurity status of the working poor households in south west Nigeria.FindingsThe study revealed that more than half of the respondents were working poor households, with more than four-fifths of them being food insecure. Income irregularity, savings and level of education had major roles to play in the food insecurity status of working poor households.Social implicationsEmployment has always been considered as a route out of poverty and food insecurity. However, the intensity of poverty among working households should be considered in the design and development of policy and programmes, targeted towards workers. Laws should protect the right of workers against non-payment of salaries, advantages of family planning should be emphasised, social security allowance should be provided to serve as an alternative source of income during emergencies and more investment made in education.Originality/valueThis paper attempts to bridge the knowledge gap in the empirical link between employment, poverty and food insecurity. Particularly, its application to the working households.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-09-2019-0589

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Orhero, Abraham Ejogba. "POVERTY, UNEMPLOYMENT AND NATIONAL INSECURITY IN NIGERIA’S FOURTH REPUBLIC." International Journal of Legal Studies ( IJOLS ) 6, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7410.

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Sadly and ironically, Nigeria is regarded as a nation flowing with milk and honey, yet the majority of the citizens live in abject poverty. Faulty development policies pursued since 1999 have left the people pauperized and decimated. These are manifested in increasing poverty, unemployment, poor housing facilities, diseases, the total collapse of social security, poor medical care, etc. Poverty and unemployment as social problems have remained the major development challenges in Nigeria today. It is against this backdrop that this paper examines the relationships between poverty, unemployment and national insecurity in Nigeria’s fourth republic. Using the theory of causality, the paper argued that economic deprivation, frustration, and desperation among the youths especially the lower-class are the underlying causes of national insecurity in Nigeria today. Therefore, the way out of insecurity that has pervaded our nation rest on the need to address the issues of economic poverty and social deprivation of the masses by increasing the basic necessities of life.

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Moffat, Polly. "Reducing poverty and food insecurity in the UK." Journal of Health Visiting 8, no. 2 (February 2, 2020): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/johv.2020.8.2.64.

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With child poverty increasing year on year, a recent House of Lords evidence session of the Select Committee on Food, Poverty, Health and Environment asked how healthy, sustainable food can be made accessible for the most vulnerable families

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Rose, Donald, and Karen E. Charlton. "Prevalence of household food poverty in South Africa: results from a large, nationally representative survey." Public Health Nutrition 5, no. 3 (June 2002): 383–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2001320.

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AbstractObjectives:Household food insecurity is a major determinant of undernutrition, yet there is little information on its prevalence in the South African population. This paper assesses household food insecurity in South Africa using a quantitative and objective measure, known as food poverty, and provides prevalence estimates by geographic area and socio-economic condition.Design:Secondary data analysis combining two sources: Statistics South Africa's household-based 1995 Income and Expenditure Survey; and the University of Port Elizabeth's Household Subsistence Level series, a nationally-conducted, market-based survey.Setting:South Africa.Subjects:A nationally representative sample of the entire country – stratified by race, province, and urban and non-urban areas – consisting of 28 704 households.Results:A household is defined to be in food poverty when monthly food spending is less than the cost of a nutritionally adequate very low-cost diet. The prevalence of food poverty in South Africa in 1995 was 43%. Food poverty rates were highest among households headed by Africans, followed by coloureds, Indians and whites. Higher food poverty rates were found with decreasing income, increasing household size, and among households in rural areas or those headed by females.Conclusions:The widespread nature of household food insecurity in South Africa is documented here. Prevalence rates by geographic and socio-economic breakdown provide the means for targeting of nutritional interventions and for monitoring progress in this field. The corroboration of these findings with both internal validation measures and external sources suggests that food poverty is a useful, objective measure of household food insecurity.

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Campesi, Giuseppe. "Policing, urban poverty and insecurity in Latin America." Theoretical Criminology 14, no. 4 (November 2010): 447–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362480610366392.

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Moffat, Polly. "Food insecurity and public health policy in the UK." Practice Management 30, no. 2 (February 2, 2020): 34–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/prma.2020.30.2.34.

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With child poverty increasing year on year, a recent House of Lords evidence session of the Select Committee on Food, Poverty, Health and Environment asked how healthy, sustainable food can be made accessible for the most vulnerable families

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Willis, Don E., and Kevin M. Fitzpatrick. "Food Insecurity and Social Capital Among Middle School Students." Youth & Society 51, no. 8 (August 11, 2017): 1127–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0044118x17725460.

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This study examines the relationship between social capital, poverty, limited food accessibility, and food insecurity among fifth to seventh graders ( N = 317), ages 10 to 14, attending a middle school in Northwest Arkansas. Using survey data that overcomes methodological limitations of previous research on youth food insecurity, we answer the following questions: Does social capital have a direct impact on youth food insecurity? And, does social capital buffer the influence of negative circumstances on youth food insecurity? The broader theoretical question asks “In places where there is an abundance of natural, economic, and technological resources, what stands in the way of consistent access to food for everyone?” Regression analysis finds that various indicators of social capital have a significant relationship with food insecurity even after controlling for multiple sociodemographic and circumstantial factors. In addition, significant moderating effects reveal the unique capability of two-parent households to buffer the impact of poverty and limited accessibility.

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Loosier, Penny S., Laura Haderxhanaj, Oscar Beltran, and Matthew Hogben. "Food Insecurity and Risk Indicators for Sexually Transmitted Infection Among Sexually Active Persons Aged 15-44, National Survey of Family Growth, 2011-2017." Public Health Reports 135, no. 2 (February 7, 2020): 270–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033354920904063.

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Objectives: Food insecurity is linked to poor sexual health outcomes, especially among persons engaged in sexual behaviors that are associated with the risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We examined this link using nationally representative data. Methods: We used data on adolescents and adults aged 15-44 who reported sexual activity in the past year from 6 years (September 2011–September 2017) of cross-sectional, weighted public-use data from the National Survey of Family Growth. We compared data on persons who did and did not report food insecurity, accounting for demographic characteristics, markers of poverty, and past-year STI risk indicators (ie, engaged in 1 of 4 high-risk activities or diagnosed with chlamydia or gonorrhea). Results: Respondents who reported at least 1 past-year STI risk indicator were significantly more likely to report food insecurity (females: adjusted risk ratio [ARR] = 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.35-1.97; P < .001; males: ARR = 1.46; 95% CI, 1.16-1.85) than respondents who did not report food insecurity. This finding was independent of the association between food insecurity and markers of poverty (≤100% federal poverty level [females: ARR = 1.46; 95% CI, 1.23-1.72; P < .001; males: ARR = 1.81; 95% CI, 1.49-2.20; P < .001]; if the respondent or someone in the household had received Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children or Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program benefits in the past year [females: ARR = 3.37; 95% CI, 2.81-4.02; P < .001; males: ARR = 3.27; 95% CI, 2.76-3.87; P < .001]). Sex with opposite- and same-sex partners in the past year was significantly associated with food insecurity (females: ARR = 1.44; 95% CI, 1.11-1.85; P = .01; males: ARR = 1.99; 95% CI, 1.15-3.42; P = .02). Conclusions: Food insecurity should be considered a social determinant of health independent of poverty, and its effect on persons at highest risk for STIs, including HIV, should be considered when planning interventions designed to decrease engagement in higher-risk sexual behaviors.

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Nwaka, Ikechukwu Darlington, Seyi Saint Akadiri, and Kalu Ebi Uma. "Gender of the family head and food insecurity in urban and rural Nigeria." African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 11, no. 3 (May 23, 2020): 381–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-03-2019-0117.

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PurposeAre the urban and rural male-headed households (MHHs) or female-headed households (FHHs) poorer and food (in)secured? Such question is of very important policy concern in the drive towards achieving the first two of the Sustainable Development Goals.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses 2010–2012 waves of General Household Survey cross-sectional panel data to investigate food (in)security and poverty dynamics amongst MHHs and FHHs in Nigeria, with particular attention to rural and urban dimensions.FindingsApplying the tobit and probit regressions while controlling for poverty and other household characteristics, we observed that female-headed families are more vulnerable to higher incidences of food insecurity than male-headed ones and with an overall significant urban food security advantage compared to rural areas. Comparing urban and rural results in terms of land access rights, urban food insecurity manifests more amongst urban FHHs non–Agri-land owners which however falls as food expenditure rises. However, the rise in per capita food consumption, agricultural characteristics and years of schooling reduces the likelihood of food insecurity for all households.Originality/valueThis study, therefore, offers relevant policy inputs towards addressing poverty and food insecurity in a typical developing country such as Nigeria.

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Quizán-Plata, Trinidad, Jesús G. Carrasco-Miranda, Karla D. Murillo-Castillo, María Alba G. Corella-Madueño, Verónica López-Teros, and Edward A. Frongillo. "Determinants and Consequences of Food Insecurity in Artisanal Fishing Families From the Coastal Community of Sonora, Mexico." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 41, no. 4 (October 20, 2020): 459–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0379572120965874.

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Background: Families living from artisanal fisheries are vulnerable to food insecurity. Objective: This research aimed to assess the determinants and consequences of food insecurity in artisanal fishing families from the coastal community of Sonora, Mexico, and to understand how these families face food insecurity. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with 116 mothers. A socioeconomic, demographic, and nutritional knowledge survey was applied to assess determinants. A survey about food in the community and food security scale were collected to evaluate food insecurity and two 24-hour dietary recalls and anthropometric measures to assess consequences. Field notes about facing food insecurity were collected. Results: Sixty-eight percent of families have food insecurity. Being above the poverty line, higher father education, knowing how many glasses of water should be drunk per day, and how many minutes of physical activity should be done per day were associated with lower food insecurity. Not having medical service and lower mother education were associated with higher food insecurity. Higher food insecurity was associated with buying in a convenience store; higher food insecurity and higher mother education were associated with lower dietary score; and higher father education was associated with higher dietary score. Being below the extreme poverty line by income and number of children were associated with lower waist circumference; lower father education was associated with higher waist circumference of mothers. Conclusions: Artisanal fishing families residing in the coastal community of Sonora, Mexico, experience high food insecurity associated with social and economic determinants and their dietary quality.

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Furness, Bruce W., Paul A. Simon, Cheryl M. Wold, and Johanna Asarian-Anderson. "Prevalence and predictors of food insecurity among low-income households in Los Angeles County." Public Health Nutrition 7, no. 6 (September 2004): 791–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2004608.

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AbstractObjectives:To assess the prevalence and identify the predictors of food insecurity among households in Los Angeles County with incomes below 300% of the federal poverty level.Methods:The Six-Item Short Form of the US Department of Agriculture's Household Food Security Scale was used as part of a 1999 county-wide, population-based, telephone survey.Results:The prevalence of food insecurity was 24.4% and was inversely associated with household income. Other independent predictors of food insecurity included the presence of children in the household (odds ratio (OR) 1.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2–2.3) and a history of homelessness in the past five years (OR 5.6, 95% CI 3.4–9.4).Conclusion:Food insecurity is a significant public health problem among low–income households in Los Angeles County. Food assistance programmes should focus efforts on households living in and near poverty, those with children, and those with a history of homelessness.

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McCordic and Abrahamo. "Family Structure and Severe Food Insecurity in Maputo and Matola, Mozambique." Sustainability 11, no. 1 (January 7, 2019): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010267.

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The rapid growth of Maputo and Matola (neighbouring cities in Mozambique) has dramatically shifted the vulnerability profiles of these cities. Poor neighbourhoods across these two cities may now face the prospect of becoming food deserts. Scholars have defined African urban food deserts by the co-occurrence of poverty and food insecurity. This study aims to assess the assumed relationship between resource poverty and food insecurity in the African urban food desert concept and to assess the contribution of household demographics to this relationship. Using household survey data collected in 2014 across Maputo and Matola, this investigation demonstrated that inconsistent access to water, electricity, medical care, cooking fuel, and cash was associated with increased odds of severe household food insecurity across both cities. In addition, a nuclear household family structure was associated with reduced odds of severe food insecurity in both cities (even when taking limited resource access into account). These findings suggest that the severe food insecurity vulnerabilities associated with African urban food deserts may differ according to the family structure of households in Maputo and Matola.

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Githinji, Valerie, and Todd A. Crane. "Compound Vulnerabilities: The Intersection of Climate Variability and HIV/AIDS in Northwestern Tanzania." Weather, Climate, and Society 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-12-00052.1.

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Abstract Drawing on ethnographic research conducted in Nsisha, a rural village located close to the shores of Lake Victoria in northwestern Tanzania, this article analyzes how climate change and variability intersect with other stressors that affect rural livelihoods, particularly HIV/AIDS. The analysis integrates theories of vulnerability from both climate and HIV/AIDS literatures to show how these intersecting stressors compound livelihood vulnerability in complex ways. Climate change and variability are linked to declining agricultural yields and an increase in food and nutrition insecurity and poor health in this region. This situation heightens poverty and susceptibility to HIV/AIDS, compromising people’s abilities to cope and adapt. Because of social dynamics, single mothers and their children are particularly affected by these compound vulnerabilities. Climate change and variability are significant contributing vulnerability factors that sustain and exacerbate asymmetrical poverty, food and nutrition insecurity, and HIV/AIDS. By describing the links between vulnerability to HIV/AIDS and climate variability, findings highlight the importance of holistic and localized approaches to adaptation, instead of trying to isolate single issues. Prioritization of multidisciplinary research focusing on the socially differentiated and gendered distribution of vulnerability specifically in regard to poverty, food and nutrition insecurity, and HIV/AIDS is recommended as a means to enrich the understanding of climate change vulnerability. Adaptation strategies should address how climatic shifts interact with generalized poverty, food and nutrition insecurity, health, and gendered vulnerability in areas most affected.

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LeBlanc, Michael, Betsey Kuhn, and James Blaylock. "Poverty amidst plenty: food insecurity in the United States." Agricultural Economics 32, s1 (January 2005): 159–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0169-5150.2004.00021.x.

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Burlandy, Luciene. "Methodological reflections on food insecurity, nutritional status, and poverty." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 29, no. 2 (February 2013): 235–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x2013000200009.

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Enete, Anselm A., and Anthonia I. Achike. "Urban Agriculture and Urban Food Insecurity/Poverty in Nigeria." Outlook on Agriculture 37, no. 2 (June 2008): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000008784648915.

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Pardilla, Marla, Divya Prasad, Sonali Suratkar, and Joel Gittelsohn. "High levels of household food insecurity on the Navajo Nation." Public Health Nutrition 17, no. 1 (February 1, 2013): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980012005630.

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AbstractObjectiveTo assess levels of and identify factors associated with food insecurity on the Navajo Nation.DesignA cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing the ten-item Radimer/Cornell food insecurity instrument. Sociodemographic, psychosocial and anthropometric data were collected.SettingNavajo Nation, USA.SubjectsTwo hundred and seventy-six members of the Navajo Nation were randomly selected at food stores and other community locations.ResultsOf the sample, 76·7 % had some level of food insecurity. Less education (mean years of schooling: P = 0·0001; non-completion of higher education: P = 0·0003), lower full-time employment rates (P = 0·01), and lower material style of life (P = 0·0001), food knowledge (P = 0·001) and healthy eating self-efficacy (P < 0·0001) scores were all positively associated with food insecurity. Perceived expensiveness (P < 0·0001) and perceived inconvenience (P = 0·0001) of healthy choices were also positively associated with food insecurity.ConclusionsFood insecurity rates on the Navajo Nation are the highest reported to date in the USA and are likely attributable to the extremely high rates of poverty and unemployment. Reducing food insecurity on the Navajo Nation will require increasing the availability of affordable healthy foods, addressing poverty and unemployment, and providing nutrition programmes to increase demand.

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Pereira, Marcos, and Ana Marlucia Oliveira. "Poverty and food insecurity may increase as the threat of COVID-19 spreads." Public Health Nutrition 23, no. 17 (September 8, 2020): 3236–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980020003493.

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AbstractThis article discusses the relationship between both poverty and food insecurity (FI) and the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as presenting possible strategies and actions for increasing social protection in the fight against these conditions in the current epidemiological context, especially for low-income countries. This is a narrative review concerning COVID-19, poverty, and food and nutritional insecurity. The COVID-19 pandemic may increase poverty and FI levels, resulting from the absence of or weak political, economic and social interventions to maintain jobs, as well as compromised food production and distribution chains and reduced access to healthy foods in different countries around the world, especially the poorest ones, where social and economic inequality was already historically high; the pandemic heightens and uncovers the vulnerability of poor populations. Public policies focused on guaranteeing the human right to adequate food must be improved and implemented for populations in contexts of poverty with the aim of providing food security.

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Vilar-Compte, Mireya, Pablo Gaitán-Rossi, Diana Flores, Vanessa Pérez-Cirera, and Graciela Teruel. "How do context variables affect food insecurity in Mexico? Implications for policy and governance." Public Health Nutrition 23, no. 13 (November 25, 2019): 2445–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019003082.

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AbstractObjective:To assess, from a systems perspective, how climate vulnerability and socio-economic and political differences at the municipal and state levels explain food insecurity in Mexico.Design:Using a cross-sectional design with official secondary data, we estimated three-level multinomial hierarchical linear models.Setting:The study setting is Mexico’s states and municipalities in 2014.Participants:Heads of households in a representative sample of the general population.Results:At the municipal level, vulnerability to climate disasters and a poverty index were significant predictors of food insecurity after adjusting for household-level variables. At the state level, gross domestic product and the number of nutrition programmes helped explain different levels of food insecurity but change in political party did not. Predictors varied in strength and significance according to the level of food insecurity.Conclusions:Findings evidence that, beyond food assistance programmes and household characteristics, multiple variables operating at different levels – like climate vulnerability and poverty – contribute to explain the degree of food insecurity. Food security governance is a well-suited multisectoral approach to address the complex challenge of hunger and access to a nutritious diet.

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Azu, Benedict, Dominic Mario Uduh, and Andrew I. Mobosi. "National Security and Wealth Creation: The Nigerian Sustainable Growth Nightmare." UJAH: Unizik Journal of Arts and Humanities 21, no. 4 (May 21, 2021): 230–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ujah.v21i4.14.

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Insecurity has been one of the many challenges implicated as the biggest developmental and growth obstacle facing Nigeria as a nation. Since the independent in 1960, the country developmental strides have been hampered by one form of insecurity or the other. The country over the decades has experienced high rate of poverty, youth unemployment, widening income disparity, clashes and conflict, and violence among others with over 70% of her population living below poverty line. Security is undoubtedly the pillar upon which every meaningful development could be achieved and sustained. Lend credence to this assertion, most advanced nations of the world place high premium on security. Whilst Nigeria is richly blessed with abundant natural resources and human capital, negligence to numerous challenges of insecurity of the environment appears to have created porous security condition that engendered violence and retards growth and development. This paper is designed to empirically establish the nexus between national security and wealth creation in Nigeria. It also estimates the effect of national security on sustainable growth in Nigeria. Noting that insecurity affect growth with time lag, an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model is built for the analysis. It is expected that security exacts positive time lag effects on growth, whilst insecurity negates sustainable growth.

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Kailasam, Abirami, Bharathi Kannan, Eashwar Barath Lochan, Sathya Narayanan K., Sirshendu Chaudhuri, and Venkata Raghava Mohan. "Household food security in rural Tamil Nadu: a survey from Kaniyambadi block, Vellore district." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 9 (August 27, 2019): 3928. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20193995.

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Background: Adequate and safe food is a basic requirement for every individual. Inadequate food leads to food insecurity. Household-level food insecurity may directly influence the health of an individual. We aimed to assess the prevalence of household-level food insecurity in the rural areas of Kaniyambadi block and to assess the household level determinants of food insecurity.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in villages of Kaniyambadi block, a rural development block of Vellore district in Tamil Nadu. Households were the unit of study. The interview was conducted with a pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire in Tamil. ‘U.S. Food Security Survey module’, September 2012, for a reference period of 30 days was used to determine food security status.Results: One hundred and fifty households were selected; 15 from each 10 randomly selected villages. Prevalence of food insecurity we got as 52.7% [95% CI: 44.6%, 60.8%]. Determinants like ‘low (<1225 INR/ month) per capita income’ [Adjusted odds ratio (AOR)- 6.7; 95% CI: 3.3,13.6]; ‘presence of debt at the time of interview’ [AOR- 3.5; 95% CI:1.7, 7.3] and ‘presence of at least one smoker in the family’ [AOR- 3.2; 95% CI:1.5, 6.8], were found to be associated significantly with food insecurity, after adjusting for the clusters by multi-level modelling.Conclusions: Food insecurity is a hidden phenomenon in India. Poverty is the key determinant behind this. To alleviate food insecurity, it will be logical to adopt multi-dimensional approaches with thrust on implementing the existing poverty alleviating programs.

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Richards, Howard. "A Vision of a World without Poverty or Economic Insecurity." Acorn 12, no. 2 (2004): 38–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/acorn20041225.

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Oluoko-Odingo, Alice Atieno. "Vulnerability and Adaptation to Food Insecurity and Poverty in Kenya." Annals of the Association of American Geographers 101, no. 1 (January 21, 2011): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2010.532739.

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Santos, Leonor Maria Pacheco. "Obesity, poverty, and food insecurity in Brazilian males and females." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 29, no. 2 (February 2013): 237–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x2013000200010.

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Makinana, Mxolisi. "Human insecurity: The problem of poverty, unemployment and social exclusion." African Security Review 18, no. 2 (June 2009): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10246029.2009.9627534.

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Heap, Dan. "Poverty and insecurity: life in low-pay, no-pay Britain." Disability & Society 29, no. 4 (January 17, 2014): 666–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2013.875263.

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Bhattacharya, Jayanta, Janet Currie, and Steven Haider. "Poverty, food insecurity, and nutritional outcomes in children and adults." Journal of Health Economics 23, no. 4 (July 2004): 839–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2003.12.008.

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Fayolle, Alain. "Necessity Entrepreneurship and Job Insecurity." International Journal of E-Entrepreneurship and Innovation 2, no. 3 (July 2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jeei.2011070101.

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Who would dream of associating the figure of the entrepreneur with poverty and precariousness? Traditionally, society and literature paint a very different picture of the entrepreneur, who embodies such values as risk and initiative-taking, a strong sense of responsibility, action- and result-orientation, and even opportunism, etc. The author argues in this paper that present (and past) measures intended, in the French context, to encourage the creation of new jobs and new ventures by job seekers and/or individuals in precarious situations contributes greatly to the development of some forms of ’forced’ entrepreneurship, which may have dramatic consequences for the individuals concerned and society at large. The objective of this paper is to shed some light on these particular forms of entrepreneurship, which are likely to increase in the current context of uncertainty and change.

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Goodman, Zoë. "“Going vertical” in times of insecurity." Focaal 2020, no. 86 (March 1, 2020): 24–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fcl.2020.860103.

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AbstractThe global proliferation of elite high-rise apartments is often read as evidence of social failure, of increasing socioeconomic disparity and fragmentation. The Jaffery Complex, a vertiginous gated high-rise being constructed in the Kenyan port of Mombasa, seems to embody Corbusian ideologies of social transformation based on an explicit distancing from the streets below, insulating its incoming residents from the frequently fused threats of terror, poverty, and crime. However, ethnographic attention to the multistory mosque located within the complex challenges readings of elite stacked housing solutions as “vertical cocoons,” and reveals the tension between proximity and distance that this urban redevelopment strives to construct.

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Nsabuwera, Vincent, Bethany Hedt-Gauthier, Mohammed Khogali, Mary Edginton, Sven G. Hinderaker, Marie Paul Nisingizwe, Jean de Dieu Tihabyona, et al. "Making progress towards food security: evidence from an intervention in three rural districts of Rwanda." Public Health Nutrition 19, no. 7 (August 6, 2015): 1296–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015002207.

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AbstractObjectiveDetermining interventions to address food insecurity and poverty, as well as setting targets to be achieved in a specific time period have been a persistent challenge for development practitioners and decision makers. The present study aimed to assess the changes in food access and consumption at the household level after one-year implementation of an integrated food security intervention in three rural districts of Rwanda.DesignA before-and-after intervention study comparing Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) scores and household Food Consumption Scores (FCS) at baseline and after one year of programme implementation.SettingThree rural districts of Rwanda (Kayonza, Kirehe and Burera) where the Partners In Health Food Security and Livelihoods Program (FSLP) has been implemented since July 2013.SubjectsAll 600 households enrolled in the FSLP were included in the study.ResultsThere were significant improvements (P<0·001) in HFIAS and FCS. The median decrease in HFIAS was 8 units (interquartile range (IQR) −13·0, −3·0) and the median increase for FCS was 4·5 units (IQR −6·0, 18·0). Severe food insecurity decreased from 78 % to 49 %, while acceptable food consumption improved from 48 % to 64 %. The change in HFIAS was significantly higher (P=0·019) for the poorest households.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that an integrated programme, implemented in a setting of extreme poverty, was associated with considerable improvements towards household food security. Other government and non-government organizations’ projects should consider a similar holistic approach when designing structural interventions to address food insecurity and extreme poverty.

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Christou, Paul, and Richard M. Twyman. "The potential of genetically enhanced plants to address food insecurity." Nutrition Research Reviews 17, no. 1 (June 2004): 23–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/nrr200373.

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Food insecurity is one of the most important social issues faced today, with 840 million individuals enduring chronic hunger and three billion individuals suffering from nutrient deficiencies. Most of these individuals are poverty stricken and live in developing countries. Strategies to address food insecurity must aim to increase agricultural productivity in the developing world in order to tackle poverty, and must provide long-term improvements in crop yields to keep up with demand as the world's population grows. Genetically enhanced plants provide one route to sustainable higher yields, either by increasing the intrinsic yield capability of crop plants or by protecting them from biotic and abiotic constraints. The present paper discusses a range of transgenic approaches that could increase agricultural productivity if applied on a large scale, including the introduction of genes that confer resistance to pests and diseases, or tolerance of harsh environments, and genes that help to lift the intrinsic yield capacity by increasing metabolic flux towards storage carbohydrates, proteins and oils. The paper also explores how the nutritional value of plants can be improved by genetic engineering. Transgenic plants, as a component of integrated strategies to relieve poverty and deliver sustainable agriculture to subsistence farmers in developing countries, could have a significant impact on food security now and in the future.

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McKinney, Stephen J. "Covid-19: food insecurity, digital exclusion and Catholic schools." Journal of Religious Education 68, no. 3 (September 19, 2020): 319–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40839-020-00112-8.

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Abstract Covid-19 and the subsequent worldwide lockdowns have had a major impact on families and school education. The lockdowns have highlighted and exacerbated the disadvantages experienced by those children who suffer from child poverty. This article focuses on food insecurity and the digital divide, or digital exclusion, and argues that these have emerged as very pressing issues during lockdowns for children suffering from child poverty. The article provides an outline of the response of the Catholic Church and Catholic schools, primarily in the United Kingdom. There have been some concerted efforts to address food insecurity by providing food and food vouchers for children and vulnerable families. It has proved more problematic to address digital exclusion and the article argues that for those children who experience digital exclusion, this can effectively mean exclusion from the religious education, religious life, community and the pastoral and spiritual support that is normally offered by the Catholic school.

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Wight, Vanessa, Neeraj Kaushal, Jane Waldfogel, and Irv Garfinkel. "Understanding the link between poverty and food insecurity among children: Does the definition of poverty matter?" Journal of Children and Poverty 20, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10796126.2014.891973.

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Obamuyi, Tomola, and Fapetu Oladapo. "The Nigerian Economy in the Face of Socio-Political Challenges." International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies (2147-4486) 5, no. 3 (April 21, 2016): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijfbs.v5i3.128.

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This paper examines the Nigerian economy and the tendency for its growth in the face of several socio-political challenges facing the country, which have hampered the rate of economic development in spite of the tremendous human and material resources inherent. The paper identifies the socio-political challenges to include corruption, poverty, unemployment, insecurity, politics and governance, among others. The central argument of the paper is that steady economic growth can be achieved and financial crisis mitigated in Nigeria, if the effects of socio-political challenges, which are the key factors that have contributed to the high poverty, unemployment and economic instability in the country, are minimised. To ensure economic growth and move the country forward politically and economically, government must be more accountable in managing the nation’s resources in order to avoid wastage, poverty and unemployment. Close attention should be given to those socio-political challenges in the formulation of policies that aimed at maintaining economic growth at a level commensurate with the country’s growth rate. This study put forward that government must be proactive in all issues relating to the socio-political challenges to prevent resource mismanagement, poverty, unemployment, insecurity and slow economic growth in future.

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Quandt, Sara, and Pamela Rao. "Hunger and Food Security Among Older Adults in a Rural Community." Human Organization 58, no. 1 (March 1, 1999): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/humo.58.1.q28k2506ur45215h.

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Although government policies over the last several decades have addressed issues of nutrition for the elderly, elders still face problems of undernutrition and food insecurity. This study assesses the level of food insecurity and identifies predictors among 192 residents 65 years and older in rural Appalachia. Participants were recruited using a site-based rapid recruitment technique, and data were collected using structured questionnaires in face-to-face interviews. Twenty-four percent report one or more food insecurity indicator. Health, social, and material barriers all predict food insecurity in bivariate analyses. In logistic regression, taking three or more prescription drugs, eating alone, and income less than 150% of poverty level are the strongest predictors of food insecurity. The high rate of food insecurity and its predictors are examined in terms of policies aimed to reduce nutrition problems for elders, the life course experiences of elders, the economic history of the area, and more general problems in getting sufficient food faced by older rural adults.

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Hiebert, Bradley, and Elaine Power. "Heroes for the helpless: A critical discourse analysis of Canadian national print media’s coverage of the food insecurity crisis in Nunavut." Canadian Food Studies / La Revue canadienne des études sur l'alimentation 3, no. 2 (December 15, 2016): 104–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cfs-rcea.v3i2.149.

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In northern Canada, the Inuit’s transition from a culturally traditional to a Western diet has been accompanied by chronic poverty and provoked high levels of food insecurity, resulting in numerous negative health outcomes. This study examines national coverage of Nunavut food insecurity as presented in two of Canada’s most widely read newspapers: The Globe and Mail and National Post. A critical discourse analysis (CDA) was employed to analyze 24 articles, 19 from The Globe and Mail and 5 from National Post. Analysis suggests national print media propagates the Inuit’s position as The Other by selectively reporting on social issues such as hunger, poverty and income. Terms such as “Northerners” and “Southerners” are frequently used to categorically separate Nunavut from the rest of Canada and Inuit-driven efforts to resolve their own issues are widely ignored. This effectively portrays the Inuit as helpless and the territory as a failure, and allows Canadians to maintain colonialist views of Inuit inferiority and erroneously assume Federal initiatives effectively address Northern food insecurity.

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Lammers, Peter J., Sarah L. Carlson, Gretchen A. Zdorkowski, and Mark S. Honeyman. "Reducing food insecurity in developing countries through meat production: the potential of the guinea pig (Cavia porcellus)." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 24, no. 2 (May 27, 2009): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170509002543.

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AbstractGlobal poverty and food insecurity continue to remain critical issues, especially in rural areas. Developing and fostering agricultural systems that not only require low to moderate amounts of economic capital and few external inputs but also maintain and enhance the resource base of production are key features of sustainable agricultural development. Sustainable agricultural development, including diversifying smallholder production to include livestock, is a pragmatic approach to address both rural poverty and food insecurity. Livestock play important roles in the lives of humans as converters, recyclers and banks of nutrients. Smallholders raise a diversity of livestock species and often raise multiple species simultaneously. High fecundity, diet flexibility and adaptability to a wide range of housing and management approaches are critical traits of livestock species well suited for producing meat for home consumption and marketing in the context of rural smallholders. Swine (Sus scrofa) and chicken (Gallus domesticus) meet many of these criteria and are well known livestock species. This paper examines the potential for a less common species of livestock, guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) to enhance food security and increase household income of rural smallholders. Although cultural acceptance of guinea pig as a source of nutrition and income is less ubiquitous than that of swine, chicken and other species, the biological, ecological and economic advantages of guinea pig deserve further examination by those working to alleviate global poverty and food insecurity.

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Mahfouz, Eman, Eman Mohammed, Shaza Alkilany, and Tarek Abdel Rahman. "Impact of household food insecurity on maternal mental health in Egypt." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 27, no. 4 (April 27, 2021): 344–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/2021.27.4.344.

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Background: Food insecurity leads to disturbed eating patterns, hunger or poor nutrition and is strongly correlated with poor mental health. Aims: To determine the impact of household food insecurity on maternal mental health in a rural population in Egypt. Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Qulubba Village in Minia Governorate. We interviewed 497 mothers with at least one child, using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale and Hopkins Symptom Check List-25. Results: Nearly 70% of women resided in food-insecure households. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were significantly more common among food-insecure mothers. By logistic regression analysis, household food insecurity, socioeconomic status, husband working abroad and number of children were significant predictors of maternal distress. Mothers with severe food insecurity were approximately 13 times more likely to experience mental distress than were food secure-mothers. Conclusions: Household food insecurity was associated with an increased likelihood of poor maternal mental health. The study highlights the need for policies to decrease poverty and programmes for screening and addressing food insecurity. Integrating mental health into programmes addressing food insecurity and providing counselling are recommended.

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Widiyanto, Dodi. "An Exploration of Food Insecurity, Poverty, Livelihood and Local Food Potentials in Kulon Progo Regency, Indonesia." Forum Geografi 32, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 64–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/forgeo.v32i1.5818.

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Kulon Progo has been struggled to cope with the issues of poverty and food insecurity. The provincial and local governments pay a lot of attention to tackling these deprivation problems. The BKPP DIY developed a composite index which concluded that poverty is the primary cause of the deprivation. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the rural deprivation in Kulon Progo by assessing its aspects including poverty, food insecurity conditions, livelihoods, and local food potentials. Several methods, including typology, livelihood calculation, and resource possibility mapping are introduced for the preliminary analysis of this deprivation. The findings show that in Kulon Progo, (1) most of the deprived areas are located in the typology of upland region, (2) based on its of five assets, in general, the livelihood condition in Kulon Progo needs an improvement on financial, natural, and physical capitals, and (3) presenting the local food clusters based on its local food plantation area and production, so that these findings could give alternatives for the decision makers to develop the rural (deprived) areas.

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Varadarajan, Shruti. "Food and Poverty: Food Insecurity and Food Sovereignty Among America’s Poor." Family Medicine 51, no. 9 (October 4, 2019): 782–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22454/fammed.2019.853046.

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Swaminathan, MS. "Ecotechnology: Meeting global and local challenges of food insecurity and poverty." Development 44, no. 4 (December 2001): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.development.1110286.

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OTTONE, ERNESTO. "Overcoming Poverty and Exclusion as Causes of Insecurity in Latin America." Security Dialogue 28, no. 1 (March 1997): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967010697028001002.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Poverty and insecurity'

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