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Seibert, Salita. "The Gospel of Poverty: Poverty, Philanthropy, and Eighteenth-Century British Literature, 1700- 1759." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2016. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/783.
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The subject of my dissertation is British philanthropic literature, beginning in 1723 with Bernard Mandeville’s controversial criticism of public charity and ending with Jonas Hanway, arguably the most famous figure in the eighteenth-century London charity scene, in the 1750s. Henry Fielding’s novel Tom Jones (1749) and William Dodd’s novels The Sisters; or the History of Lucy and Caroline Sanson (1754) and the posthumous The Magdalen or, History of the First Penitent Prostitute (1783) round out this project, which also considers sermons, economist treatise, histories, travel writing, reform proposals, and philosophical essays as philanthropic literature. The range of fiction and nonfiction texts, which I categorize as philanthropic literature, help answer crucial questions about how social institutions formed with the goal of assisting the poor actually reinforced social and economic inequality. Those questions include, how was poverty theorized as economic problems, social problems, or class problems? And how was philanthropy represented as an answer to those problems? How were the poor defined, proscribed, and confined by these different concerns? Finally, how were philanthropic institutions shaped by discourses of gender, class, and empire? During this period, the poor were consistently viewed as a threat to the existing social and economic order due to their laziness, ignorance, and criminal nature. The poor laws and workhouses, alongside charitable societies with their associated schools and hospitals, all sought to make the poor more socially useful through discipline, education, or a combination of the two. Over the course of the eighteenth-century, I argue, philanthropic writing expresses several important changes in the institutional mission and strategies of public charities. First, philanthropic literature move from adamantly rejecting any possible link between benevolence and personal gain to promoting charity using a combination of nationalistic, religious, and economic inducements. Second, there is a shift from considering somatic to mental disciplinary methods as a means of control over the poor. Thus, philanthropic writers in the 1750s begin promoting choice and self-surveillance rather than force and public surveillance as elements of charity. After establishing the economic and moral terms, which undergirded charity, this dissertation considers the ways different authors associated with the eighteenthcentury London philanthropic community represent the poor, imagine charity, and attempt to shape public opinion through their writing. Unraveling the logic and practices of the period described by many as the “Age of Philanthropy” helps us to recognize, question, and critique charitable practices and concerns. My examination of the eighteenth-century poor and charity serves as an important reminder that charity is not always synonymous with good; and that philanthropy is not and never has been a benign social institution.
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Trendell, Elizabeth. "Living wages in society and literature." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/1422360.
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Somerwil-Ayrton, Shirley Kathlyn. "Poverty and power in the early works of Dostoevskij." Amsterdam : Rodopi, 1988. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/19071982.html.
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Harraf, Omid. "Can microfinance eradicate poverty? analysis of the efficacy of microfinance using existing literature /." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1456489.
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Meyers, Erika Ann. "Characters of class : poverty and historical alienation in Dermot Bolger's fiction." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/26042.
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This thesis provides a Marxist analysis of the effect of class on historical alienation in Dermot Bolger’s fiction. Therefore, this study examines the influence of Irish history on Bolger’s choice of content, form and technique in order to argue that historical interpretation and literary technique are mediated through class stratifications. Chapter One investigates how The Journey Home challenges received ideas of what constitutes ‘reality’ which has, consequently, led to elements of critical dismissal used to maintain antiquated gaps, silences and notions of ‘reality’. In Chapter Two I look at A Second Life in order to examine how historical ruptures cannot just be seen in the nonlinear structure of Bolger’s novels, but can also be used to expose the silences and gaps that comprise the previously censored personal histories of Bolger’s characters. In Chapter Three I identify structural confines such as definitions, family roles and nationalism as instigating factors that lead to the alienation of those who do not conform to prescribed frameworks and are therefore oppressed by them. I further investigate how oppression also provides the pressure to rupture the linear trajectory of such approved frameworks and produce the nonlinear structure that can be recognised in The Family on Paradise Pier.
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Jojima, Marie-Paule. "Spanish attitudes to poverty as reflected in a selection of representative literary texts, c.1500-c.1635." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265702.
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Butale, Phenyo. "Discourses of poverty in literature : assessing representations of indigence in post-colonial texts from Botswana, Namibia and Zimbabwe." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96749.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2015ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis undertakes a comparative reading of post-colonial literature written in English in Botswana, Namibia and Zimbabwe to bring into focus the similarities and differences between fictional representations of poverty in these three countries. The thesis explores the unique way in which literature may contribute to the better understanding of poverty, a field that has hitherto been largely dominated by scholarship that relies on quantitative analysis as opposed to qualitative approaches. The thesis seeks to use examples from selected texts to illustrate that (as many social scientists have argued before) literature provides insights into the ‘lived realities’ of the poor and that with its vividly imagined specificities it illuminates the broad generalisations about poverty established in other (data-gathering) disciplines. Selected texts from the three countries destabilise the usual categories of gender, race and class which are often utilised in quantitative studies of poverty and by so doing show that experiences of poverty cut across and intersect all of these spheres and the experiences differ from one person to another regardless of which category they may fall within. The three main chapters focus primarily on local indigence as depicted by texts from the three countries. The selection of texts in the chapters follows a thematic approach and texts are discussed by means of selective focus on the ways in which they address the theme of poverty. Using three main theorists – Maria Pia Lara, Njabulo Ndebele and Amartya Sen – the thesis focuses centrally on how writers use varying literary devices and techniques to provide moving depictions of poverty that show rather than tell the reader of the unique experiences that different characters and different communities have of deprivation and shortage of basic needs.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis onderneem ‘n vergelykende studie van post-koloniale letterkunde in Engels uit Botswana, Namibië en Zimbabwe, om sodoende die ooreenstemmings en verskille tussen letterkundige uitbeeldings van armoede in hierdie drie lande aan die lig te bring. Die tesis ondersoek die unieke manier waarop letterkunde kan bydra tot ‘n beter begrip van armoede, ‘n studieveld wat tot huidiglik grotendeels op kwantitatiewe analises berus, in teenstelling met kwalitatiewe benaderings. Die tesis se werkswyse gebruik voorbeelde uit gelekteerde tekste met die doel om te illustreer (soos verskeie sosiaal-wetenskaplikes reeds aangevoer het) dat letterkunde insig voorsien in die lewenservarings van armoediges en dat dit die breë veralgemenings aangaande armoede in ander (data-gebaseerde) wetenskappe kan illumineer. Geselekteerde tekste uit die drie lande destabiliseer die gewone kategorieë van gender, ras en klas wat normaaalweg gebruik word in kwantitatiewe studies van armoede, om sodoende aan te toon dat die ervaring van armoede dwarsdeur hierdie klassifikasies sny en dat hierdie tipe lewenservaring verskil van persoon tot persoon ongeag in watter kategorie hulle geplaas word. Die drie sentrale hoofstukke fokus primêr op lokale armoede soos uitgebeeld in tekste vanuit die drie lande. Die seleksie van tekste in die hoofstukke volg ‘n tematiese patroon en tekste word geanaliseer na aanleiding van ‘n selektiewe fokus op die maniere waarop hulle armoede uitbeeld. Deur gebruik te maak van ‘ die teorieë van Maria Pia Lara, Njabulo Ndebele en Amartya Sen, fokus hierdie tesis sentraal op hoe skrywers verskeie literêre metodes en tegnieke aanwend ten einde ontroerende uitbeeldings van armoede te skep wat die leser wys liewer as om hom/haar slegs te vertel aangaande die unieke ervarings wat verskillende karakters en gemeenskappe het van ontbering en die tekort aan basiese behoefte-voorsiening.
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Ticha, Ignatius Khan. "Evocations of poverty in selected novels of Meja Mwangi and Roddy Doyle : a study of literary representation." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85650.
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Thesis (PhD)-- Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The study explores fictional representations of poverty in selected novels of Meja Mwangi and Roddy Doyle, respectively Kenyan and Irish – examining techniques of literary representation and how the two authors make imaginative use of various stylistic techniques and verbal skills in a selection of their texts to achieve compelling representations of poverty. The study recognizes that poverty is one of the most recurrent subjects of discussion in the world, that it is a complex and multifaceted concept and condition and that it affects societal, political and economic dimensions of life. The study considers the (broad) United Nations definition of poverty as: “… a human condition characterised by the sustained or chronic deprivation of the resources, capabilities, choices, security and power necessary for the enjoyment of an adequate standard of living and other civil, cultural, economic, political and social rights” (United Nations High Commission for Human Rights, 2002). Rather than suggest that fiction replaces other approaches in the study of poverty, the study calls for a complementary “conversation” between fiction and the social sciences in depictions of the condition of poverty. However, the study notes the advantage that fiction has in its nuanced exploration of the subject of poverty. In fact, fiction reflects social reality in interestingly subversive but also empowering ways – showing a unique way of dealing with difficult situations. Fiction is equipped with the subtle instruments and complex power of literary devices to articulate multiple layers of possible meanings and human experiences and conditions vividly and movingly – in ways that are accessible to a variety of readers. While giving a voice to the voiceless – the poor – narrative fiction opens inner feelings and thoughts of the depicted poor and enables the reader to probe deeply into the inner feelings of characters depicted; allowing the reader to develop a deeper understanding of the condition of poverty, but also allowing the reader to bring his or her interpretation to bear on what is represented. The five main chapters of the thesis are thematically arranged, but the analysis draws on a variety of theoretical paradigms including but not limited to those of Maria Pia Lara and Mikhail Bakhtin. Significant to the study is Maria Pia Lara’s ideas of literature as a “frame for struggles of recognition and transformation” (Lara, 1998: 7) and of the “illocutionary force” (1998: 5) of literature – its ability to articulate aspects of a human condition (such as poverty) vividly and compellingly. Bakhtin’s suggestion that “language is not self-evident and not in itself incontestable” (Bakhtin, 2004: 332) is important – capturing the idea of a distinctive flexibility of discourse in the novel and rejecting simplistic ideas that there is a single truth concerning a particular situation such as poverty.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis onderneem ‘n studie van literêre voorstellings van armoede in geselekteerde romans van Meja Mwangi en Roddy Doyle, respektiewelik ‘n Keniaanse en ‘n Ierse outeur. Die analise sentreer rondom die literêre tegnieke waarvan die skrywers gebruik maak en ondersoek hul verbeeldingryke gebruik van verskillende stilistiese tegnieke en verbale kunste in ‘n seleksie van hul tekste om sodoende indrukwekkende voorstellings van armoede te boekstaaf. Die studie erken dat armoede een van die mees bespreekte onderwerpe in die wêreld is, dat dit ‘n komplekse en veelkantige konsep en tipe lewenservaring is en dat dit by sosiale, politiese en ekonomiese lewensdimensies aansny. Die studie maak gebruik van die breë definisie van armoede soos verskaf deur die Verenigde Volke: “… ‘n menslike kondisie wat gekenmerk word deur die langdurige of kroniese ontneming van die bronne, kapasiteite, keuses, sekuriteit en mag wat nodig is ten einde ‘n adekwate lewensstandaard en ander siviele, kulturele, ekonomiese, politiese en sosiale regte te kan geniet” (Verenigde Volke Kommissie van Menseregte, 2002). Instede daarvan om te suggereer dat fiksie ander maniere om oor armoede te bestudeer, behoort te vervang, stel hierdie studie voor dat ‘n komplementerende “gesprek” tussen fiksie en die sosiale wetenskappe behoort plaas te vind aangaande die toestand van armoede. Nogtans meld hierdie studie die voordeel aan waaroor fiksie beskik in die genuanseerde ondersoek aangaande die onderwerp van armoede. Fiksie reflekteer sosiale werklikhede op interessante, selfs subversiewe maar ook bemagtigende maniere – sodoende manifesteer dit ‘n unieke metode van omgaan met moeilike situasies. Fiksie beskik oor subtiele instrumente en die komplekse krag van literêre metodes om die veellagige moontlike betekenisse en toestande waardeur armoede gekenmerk word, te artikuleer – op heldere asook aandoenlike maniere wat terselfdertyd weerklank kan vind by ‘n verskeidenheid van lesers. Terwyl dit ‘n stem verskaf aan die stemloses – die armes – open narratiewe fiksie die dieper gevoelens en gedagtes van die armes en maak sulke werke dit vir die leser moontlik om deur te dring tot die binneste gevoelslewe van die karakters. Op hierdie manier maak fiksie dit vir die leser moontlik om ‘n beter begrip van die ervaringswêreld van armoedige mense te bekom, maar word dit ook vir die leser moontlik om sy of haar eie interpretasie te maak van die voorgestelde toestand van armoede. Die vyf hoofstukke van die tesis is tematies gestruktureer, maar die analise maak gebruik van ‘n paar teoretiese perspektiewe wat díe van Maria Pia Lara en Mikhail Bakhtin insluit. Lara se idees aangaande letterkunde as “[a] frame for struggles of recognition and transformation” en oor die “illocutionary force” (Lara, 1998: 7, 5) van letterkunde – m.a.w. die mag van literêre voorstellings om aspekte van menslike ervaring (bv. armoede) op duidelike en kragtige maniere uit te beeld – en Bakhtin se suggestie: “language is not self-evident and not in itself contestable” (Bakhtin, 2004: 332) is belangrik omdat dit die kenmerkende buigsaamheid van diskoers in die roman saamvat en simplistiese idees dat daar ‘n enkelmatige waarheid i.v.m. ‘n komplekse toestand soos armoede kan wees, verwerp.
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Larochelle-Côté, Sébastien. "Statistical inference, poverty and inequality measurement, an application of the bootstrap econometric technique and a literature review." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0018/MQ49034.pdf.
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Oishi, Kazuyoshi. "Philanthropy and literature of the 1790s : the division, revision and reconstruction of early Romantic discourses on poverty." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.396175.
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Coon, Garson George. "Examining beliefs about the causes of unemployment and poverty, an analysis of the causal models from the research literature." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0025/NQ30242.pdf.
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Bahia, Ryanne Freire Monteiro. "O pobre na literatura: anÃlise sociolÃgica da obra O CortiÃo." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7130.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgicoO objetivo geral desse trabalho à produzir uma leitura possÃvel sobre a representaÃÃo do pobre por meio do romance O CortiÃo, de AluÃsio Azevedo. Questiona-se: De que forma o pobre surge sob a perspectiva Aluisiana? Que construtos simbÃlicos ela define e fortalece? O primeiro capÃtulo apresenta de forma sucinta a filiaÃÃo intelectual de AluÃsio Azevedo: o naturalismo, assim como descreve o campo de estudos. No capÃtulo dois, encontra-se a fundamentaÃÃo teÃrica acerca dos eixos analÃticos que sustentam a discussÃo, a saber: representaÃÃo social, sociologia da literatura e pobreza. O terceiro capÃtulo marca o inÃcio da anÃlise de dados propriamente dita. Nesta, a pobreza à exposta atravÃs dos conceitos de estigma social de Erving Goffman e de distinÃÃo social de Bourdieu, amparados nos estudos de Sevcenko. O quarto capÃtulo trata da antinomia entre disciplina para o trabalho e vadiagem, recaindo na associaÃÃo imediata entre classes pobres e classes perigosas. No capÃtulo cinco, sÃo apresentadas as teorias raciais do sÃculo XIX e sua influÃncia direta da escrita da obra O CortiÃo. à guisa de uma conclusÃo, à possÃvel afirmar que o pobre à representado por ,pelo menos, duas correntes interpretativas : a de vÃtima da estrutura social, e a de sujeito responsÃvel por seu estado de penÃria. A pobreza à um estigma que representa uma forma de violÃncia simbÃlica. Na contemporaneidade, pobre à aquele que necessita de auxÃlio, seja por intermÃdio do poder pÃblico, seja pela da caridade civil. Pensadores como Serge Paugam e Georg Simmel compreendem a pobreza pelo viÃs da tutela, do assistencialismo. O presente estudo problematiza a pobreza na perspectiva de Anthony Giddens, como algo dotado de um valor subjetivo, o qual nÃo pode ser mensurado unicamente por meio das estatÃsticas da pobreza, mas pela percepÃÃo dos prÃprios atores sociais. De forma especÃfica, buscaremos expor discursos, as ditas âproduÃÃes de verdadeâ, sobre a pobreza, percebendo com isso as metamorfoses conceituais atinentes ao sentido da pobreza; bem como o pobre deixou de representar uma conexÃo com o divino, atravÃs da economia de salvaÃÃo na Idade MÃdia para transformar-se no estorvo, obstÃculo da modernizaÃÃo. A pobreza à um problema complexo, possuindo raÃzes histÃricas, polÃticas e econÃmicas. Com esse texto, procuramos incitar uma reflexÃo sobre o pobre, sujeito social e sua teia de significaÃÃes, as quais ele està vinculado por sua simples condiÃÃo. A concepÃÃo literÃria adotada na anÃlise neste trabalho à a perspectiva mediadora, a qual seria um meio termo entre a visÃo materialista e a estÃtica ou idealista. Ela admite a criatividade do autor, a inventividade, mas permeada por idÃias, sentimentos e questÃes relativas a um contexto de produÃÃo que à social e histÃrico.
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Pereira, Rosemeire França de Assis Rodrigues. "O letrado e o óbolo - Vieira e a justificação da pobreza." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8149/tde-08112012-121049/.
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A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar os escritos do jesuíta Antônio Vieira a partir do recorte temático da pobreza e de sua estreita ligação com o pensamento religioso vigente. Considerando o grande volume de escritos, tanto sermões quanto epístolas e apontamentos históricos, selecionamos aqueles que mantêm relação mais próxima com o tema proposto. A fim de discutirmos essa problemática, buscamos historiadores que discorreram sobre o século XVII, abordando prioritariamente a questão da pobreza, da indigência e da bastardia. A ligação dos discursos históricos e documentais com outros escritos do autor nos revelou as dinâmicas das sociedades gestadas pelos portugueses e a tentativa desses de se inserirem na modernidade, repensando a organização econômica e redesenhando o panorama social de Portugal.This research aims to analyze the writings of the Jesuit Antonio Vieira about poverty, inasmuch they are related to religious thoughts in that period. Considering the quantity of writings, either speeches or letters, we have selected those ones keeping closer relationships to that theme. Discussing this issue, we have researched about XVII Century, focusing mainly the poverty, misery and bastardy. The close relationships of historical and documental speeches to Vieiras writings reveal us how was the society managed by the Portuguese and how they tried to insert themselves in the Modernity, rethinking the economical organization and redrawing the social panorama in Portugal.
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Perkins, Marianne. "The Politics of Poverty: George Orwell's "Down and Out in Paris and London"." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500674/.
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"Down and Out in Paris and London" is typically perceived as non-political. Orwell's first book, it examines his life with the poor in two cities. Although on the surface "Down and Out" seems not to be about politics, Orwell covertly conveys a political message. This is contrary to popular critical opinion. What most critics fail to acknowledge is that Orwell wrote for a middle- and upper-class audience, showing a previously unseen view of the poor. In this he suggests change to the policy makers who are able to bring about improvements for the impoverished. "Down and Out" is often ignored by both critics and readers of Orwell. With an examination of Orwell's politicizing background, and of the way he chooses to present himself and his poor characters in "Down and Out," I argue that the book is both political and characteristic of Orwell's later work.
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Thompson, Angela M. "Ethics of seeing and politics of place : FSA photography and literature of the American South /." view abstract or download file of text, 2006. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3211227.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2006.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 211-224). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Schewcik, Anika-Yvonne. "The impact of environmental factors in poverty settings on children´s participation : A systematic literature review from 2012 to 2017." Thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, HLK, CHILD, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-35888.
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The number of children living in the context of relative poverty in western industrialized countries is increasing, while at the same time a little amount of research is conducted about the impact of relative poverty on the child’s participation and development; focused on the socio-emotional development. This systematic literature review therefore investigates the impact of environmental factors, focused mainly on structural factors, in poverty settings in western industrialized countries on children´s peer relations. The focus will be laid on children´s participation in peer relations in school activities. Current literature published from 2012 or more recent was searched and results found were linked to theories. The findings of the articles covered several environmental aspects regarding the impact of poverty on the child and its peer relations. The results, in relation to theories, show the interwoven influences of several factors and environments. They indicate the big influence poverty has on several aspects of the child´s life. Both in this systematic literature review researched hypotheses – that the poverty setting influences the child´s development negatively and that the child shows difficulties to develop and participate in positive peer relations - can be confirmed. Future research should aim at generating knowledge about the impact of relative poverty on the child´s development and perceptions of holistic wellbeing. This is necessary to enhance the understanding of the impact of relative poverty on the child´s participation.
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Larsson, Anna. "Parent-Child Relations as Protective and Promotive Factors for Ethnic Minority Children Living in Relative Poverty : A systematic literature review." Thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, HLK, CHILD, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-44209.
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Ethnic minority children living in relative poverty are a high-risk group for poor outcomes in all aspects of wellbeing. The relationship and interactions between child and parent are a key part of child development and a platform for providing positive experiences which can benefit a child’s wellbeing. There is therefore a need to identify what facilitates wellbeing for ethnic minority children in low-socioeconomic status families. By focusing on protective and promotive factors encompassing the parent-child relationship, factors can be identified which can use family strengths as a basis for interventions and practice within healthcare, social work and education, which is what this systematic literature review set out to do. Through a diligent search of the literature, 12 articles were identified for review according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, containing research on African American, Roma, Native American and Hispanic/Latino youth. The results inform how child wellbeing can be facilitated through several parental factors, including parental involvement and support, maternal attachment, paternal warmth and ethnic identity and ethnic socialization. The findings also indicate a need for further studies on paternal influence on wellbeing in especially Native American and Roma youth, as well as the impact of ethnic socialization on youth wellbeing. Parents have an important role to play in child wellbeing and are vital partners alongside the child when planning interventions. Considerations naturally need to be shown for each ethnic minority, the child’s setting and its individual characteristics.
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Mortazavi, Sohale Andrus. ""The Barroom Girls" and Other Stories." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5218/.
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This creative thesis is comprised of five original short stories and a critical preface. The preface discusses the changing cultural, sociopolitical, and socioeconomic landscape of the modern American South and the effects-positive, negative, and neutral-these changes have had on the region's contemporary literature, including the short stories contained within.
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Quevedo, Elisiane da Silva. "Humilhados e ofendidos: os Carés em O Tempo e o Vento, de Érico Veríssimo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/31/31131/tde-26092018-122554/.
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Esta dissertação tematiza a configuração das personagens de sobrenome Caré na trilogia O Tempo e o Vento, do escritor sul-rio-grandense Erico Verissimo (1905-1975). Lulu Caré, José Caré (Juca Feio), Quincas Caré, Chiru Caré, João Caré, Mingote Caré, Pedro Caré, Mané Caré, Ismália Caré, Lauro Caré, Romualdinho Caré, Antônia, Ondina Caré, Joaninha Caré são representantes de uma classe de indivíduos espoliados presentes nas três partes do romance: O continente, O retrato e O arquipélago. Ladeando o enredo principal, quase despercebidos do leitor, os Carés contrapõem-se aos protagonistas, os representantes da aristocracia. São sujeitos livres, mas \"sem eira nem beira\", desvalidos, que vivem, inicialmente, errantes, e que, posteriormente, passam a viver nas franjas da propriedade dos Terra Cambará, dependentes da solidariedade dos poderosos. O objetivo desta dissertação é explorar a configuração dos Carés ao longo da trilogia, buscando observar as relações entre ficção e experiência da realidade. Para tanto, a dissertação aborda: 1. a relação entre os Carés e o sentido de \"raça\" ou mestiçagem, analisando-se a linhagem dos Carés em um viés étnico; 2. a relação entre os Carés e a ideia de \"gaúcho\", procurando inquirir se eles se enquadrariam ou não em um modelo culturalmente preconcebido - destemido, audacioso, íntegro, com seu cavalo e indumentária típica; 3. a conexão entre Carés e a terra (o Continente de São Pedro, o estado do Rio Grande do Sul, a fazenda do grande proprietário) que os abriga, mas sobre a qual não têm direito; 4, a relação entre os Carés e a guerra, sublinhando a incongruência entre sujeitos rechaçados pela sociedade em tempos de paz e apreciados em tempos de conflito. Focaliza, igualmente, a relação da sociedade descrita por Erico com as mulheres Carés, tratadas como objetos sexuais dos estancieiros.This dissertation thematizes the configuration of the characters surnamed Caré in the trilogy \"The Time and the Wind\", written by the Rio Grande do Sul State writer, Erico Verissimo (1905-1975). Lulu Caré, José Caré (Juca Feio), Quincas Caré, Chiru Caré, João Caré, Mingote Caré, Pedro Caré, Mané Caré, Ismália Caré, Lauro Caré, Romualdinho Caré, Antônia, Ondina Caré and Joaninha Caré are representatives of a class of stolen individuals present in the three parts of the novel: The Continent, The Portrait and The Archipelago. Besides the main plot, almost unnoticed by the reader, the Carés counterpoint the protagonists, the representatives of the aristocracy. They are free subjects, but without anything to call their own, helpless, who live, initially, wandering, and who, later, live in the fringes of the Terra Cambará property, dependent on the solidarity of the powerful. The purpose of this dissertation is to explore the configuration of the Carés throughout the trilogy, seeking to observe the relations between fiction and reality experience. To do so, the dissertation addresses: 1. the relationship between the Cares and the sense of \"race\" or miscegenation, analyzing the lineage of the Carés in an ethnic bias; 2. The relation between the Cares and the idea of \"gaucho\", trying to inquire whether or not they fit into a culturally preconceived model - fearless, audacious, upright, with his typical horse and typical clothing; 3. The connection between Carés and the land (the Continent of Saint Peter, the Rio Grande do Sul State, the farm of the great owner) that houses them, but which they are not entitled; 4, the relationship between the Cares and the war, highlighting the incongruity between subjects rejected by society in times of peace and appreciated in times of conflict. It also focuses on the relationship of the society described by Erico with the Carés women, treated as sexual objects of the ranchers.
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Teal, Scott Allen. "Specters of poverty and sources of hope in the novels of Amitav Ghosh and Rohinton Mistry." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ab0fd761-9143-4192-82bf-43336c48f070.
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This thesis attempts to reformulate the concept of hope represented in, and inflected by, the Indian English novel. This comparative literary study focuses primarily on Amitav Ghosh and Rohinton Mistry, whose novels offer myriad examples and resultant effects of a reflexive hope. I argue in light of their work to refigure hope in its varied and multiple articulations: positive and negative, for-life and for-death, dependency, waiting, nostalgia, narcissism. All of these, I suggest, manifest in a nominal-messianic hope that formulates a powerful critique of global capital most advantageously constellated in these Indian English novels. I arrive at this from the early writings of Jawaharlal Nehru and his unshakable belief in socialist progress that informs the productive tension within hope that inform the readings of Ghosh’s and Mistry’s novels. Concomitant to this thesis on hope is the recalibration of definitions of poverty to the principles of capabilities that allow for the simultaneous discussion of how the state can shape social opportunities for its citizens. This, I argue, is necessary for the flourishing of more nuanced understanding of hope. Moving away from purely quantitative measurements of poverty to more qualitative capabilities pushes the novel to the foreground of these arguments. Just as Nehru explores his own formulations of hope and hopefulness through the poetry of Matthew Arnold, the Indian English novel, here, is best able to enunciate a reflexive hope that is central to the notion of capabilities. This is why poverty studies in India needs the Indian English novel.
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Lyons, Alice. "All Country Roads Lead to Rome: Idealization of the Countryside in Augustan Poetry and American Country Music." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/102.
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This paper examines similarities between imagery of the countryside and the “country life” in both the poetry of Augustan Rome and contemporary American country music. It analyzes the themes of agriculture, poverty, family, and piety, and how they are used in both sets of sources to create an idealized countryside. This ideal, when contrasted with negative portrayals of urban life and non-idealized rural life, endorses an ideology that is opposed to wealth and that emphasizes the security and stability of the idyllic countryside. This ideology common to both may stem from the historical contexts of these two eras, revealing that Augustan Rome and modern America have unexpected similarities.
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Shaw, Sarah Kerr. "Living in the Liminal: A Study of Homelessness in Cleveland, Ohio." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1310494859.
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Crooke, Andrew. "In praise of peasants : ways of seeing the rural poor in the work of James Agee, Walker Evans, John Berger, and Jean Mohr." Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1576.
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In Praise of Peasants focuses on two sets of collaborators whose photo-textual depictions of the rural poor have been widely hailed on either side of the Atlantic but rarely discussed together. The British writer John Berger has acknowledged that the key inspiration for his projects with Swiss photographer Jean Mohr was Let Us Now Praise Famous Men (1941/1960) by James Agee and Walker Evans. As in that encomium to Alabama tenant farmers, Berger and Mohr straddle a line between social documentation and artistic expression in their own unclassifiable books: A Fortunate Man (1967), about a doctor's relationship with his patients in an English forest; A Seventh Man (1975), about the experience of migrant workers across Europe; and Another Way of Telling (1982), about the lives of Alpine peasants. All four of these cooperative endeavors brim with unresolved conflicts between ethics and esthetics, as well as authorial ambivalences toward rusticity and poverty. Manifold affinities in the two creative partnerships demand a transatlantic assessment that might view Agee and Evans as "unpaid agitators" for other artists and witnesses beyond an American ambit.
From among the many sensitive portrayals, including Berger's Into Their Labours trilogy, that constitute a rich literature of rural poverty, these collaborative enterprises are set apart not only by their interdisciplinary nature and fierce solidarities but by the equal weight they accord to images and words. Both pairs of authors develop innovative means for conjoining photography and writing. Both worry over the effects of their pictures and text on their subjects in addition to pondering how their distinct yet coordinated mediums might affect their viewers and readers. The enduring relevance of their representational techniques and motifs emerges from a productive dialectic between witness and artistry. Agee, Evans, Berger, and Mohr ingeniously explore how an ethical responsibility to bear witness for the exploited without inflicting further exploitation is enhanced or subverted by an esthetic impulse to translate, verbally and visually, such marginalized lives into art. Their multifaceted ways of seeing the rural poor ultimately engender a means of praising their protagonists, transforming moments of witness into monuments of artistry.
Following a comparative analysis of these authors' attitudes, consistencies, and contradictions over the span of their careers, I offer chapters on their likeminded works. "Abashed Ambition" scrutinizes the contest deliberately staged between intentions and performance in Let Us Now Praise Famous Men , while "A Continuous Center" examines how Agee's effusive text and Evans's austere photographs suspend instead of synthesize a pivotal tension between centripetal and centrifugal forces. "A Sense of Measure" looks at why Berger and Mohr increasingly empathize with the rural poor, and how their three ventures generate "imaginative documentaries" or "narrative dialogues" between images and words. My epilogue knits together Agee, Evans, Berger, and Mohr by concentrating on a handful of their creative peers or heirs who have been inspired or agitated by their collaborations and whose own books similarly probe the ethical jeopardies and esthetic challenges of representing rural life or poverty through both prose and pictures.
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Loman, Jennifer D. "Shame, Christian hospitality, and the American writer." Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6986.
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Hospitality is relational, a system of ethics contending with difference, navigating the mutable boundaries between self and Other. Desire or duty to reflect the gracious inclusivity of God without regard for reciprocation marks Christian hospitality in particular. Given the shortcomings of humankind in comparison to the divine, however, the utopian ideal of hospitality extended to all cannot be had on Earth. Thus, the impulse to reach out to the Other continually comingles with the shameful awareness of human limitation, a paradox the philosopher Emmanuel Levinas calls “infinite responsibility.” Building upon Levinas’s concept and fellow philosopher Jacques Derrida’s assertion that “ethics is hospitality,” I examine how various U.S. writers engender or interrogate the concept of Christian hospitality. Specifically, I investigate how each author develops shame as an affect with regard to Christian hospitality to the racial Other, the impoverished Other, the sexual Other, and the inanimate and animate Other in the natural world. The chapters feature case studies focusing primarily on one historical figure, Christopher Columbus, and three writers—Erskine Caldwell, Richard Rodriguez, and Leslie Marmon Silko—and four key moments in U.S. history: the 1892 celebrations of Christopher Columbus as a figure of belonging vs. later shameful perceptions of him as a figure of oppression; the plight of the rural poor in Depression-era Georgia; the ostracism of AIDS sufferers in San Francisco in the early 1990s; and the conflict between capitalist developers and environmentalists in the Southwest in the early 2000s. I demonstrate 1) how an author interrogates the tenets of Christian hospitality; and 2) how shame can both inspire commitment to social change and cloud a text’s reception due to negative, and even painful, emotions. Ultimately, I examine the authors’ attempts at “mobilizing shame,” a tactic among activist authors to trigger public shame in order to garner support at the grassroots level, ultimately shaming government bodies and average citizens into reform.
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Brill, Anna. "Wilde and Wonderful: The Ultimate Aesthete's Redefinition of Individualism, as an Idealist, and then as an Outcast." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/506.
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Oscar Wilde redefined the relationship between Life and Art, and attempted to live in the style of the characters in his works: pursuing Beauty. His view of Life as imitating Art played a crucial role in his definition of Individualism. In his works, he explored how one develops one's personality and Individuality, and society's role in suppressing the Individual. He firmly believed that Life and ugliness were inextricably intertwined, and that society's moral structure was to blame. Popular in his time as an artist, he made it a point in his writing and in his work to stand apart from society. Ultimately, society cast him out; while in prison, he experienced an aspect of Life that he had been avoiding his entire life as an aesthete, and thus altered and expanded his ideal of the Individual. In falling from grace and in being forced to live in the ugliest of realities, he developed a fuller idea of what it means to live beautifully.
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Ghorveh, Hassan Akrami. "The relationship of selected socioeconomic factors to health status : a review of the literature and implications for health education planning in Iran /." Access Digital Full Text version, 1994. http://pocketknowledge.tc.columbia.edu/home.php/bybib/11625211.
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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Teachers College, Columbia University, 1994.Includes tables and appendices. Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: John P. Allegrante. Dissertation Committee: Robert Crain. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 82-92).
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Thompson, Kimberly Ann. "Money and the man economics and identity in late medieval English literature /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1180117288.
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Heim, Robin. "Autobiography as self-defense in the works of Agnes Newton-Keith and Michelle Kennedy." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2010. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/135.
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This thesis examines the captivity narrative, Three Came Home, written in 1947 by Agnes Newton-Keith, and the poverty narrative, Without a Net: Middle Class and Homeless (with Kids) in America: My Story, written in 2005 by Michelle Kennedy. When examined together through the lens of Trauma Theory, these narratives provide evidence of how similar the survival skills and strategies are between the American female POW's and the American females experiencing downward mobility. This thesis will also show how language uncovers and decodes the presence of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder not often associated with women in poverty.
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Pérez, Alonso-Castrillo Paloma. "Risk, protective and promotive factors for socio-emotional development of children living in poverty and its influences in learning settings. : A systematic literature review from 2010-2021." Thesis, Jönköping University, HLK, CHILD, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-52483.
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Bingle, Joseph Kennedy. "La Déchirure Inévitable: The State of the Colonized Intellectual in Albert Memmi's La statue de sel." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1250178609.
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Bernier, Frédérique 1973 Apr 11. "La voix et l'os : poétiques du dépouillement chez Saint-Denys Garneau et Samuel Beckett." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115636.
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This thesis is concerned with the poetics of impoverishment as found in the works of Saint-Denys Garneau and Samuel Beckett. It seeks to shed light on the reactivation of a Christian ascetic heritage within modern writing forms (poetic and narrative) and also, more specifically, to develop a novel analysis of these works from the perspective of their points of overlap. This thesis presents analysis of the relationships between voice and body (part I), of the doppelganger and self-generation figures (part II), of prayer, desert and image motifs (part III) throughout the totality of both corpuses. The comparative reading of the works of Beckett and Garneau highlights the complex relationship they entertain with certain Christian schemes (incarnation, sin, asceticism, kenosis) which they put into play on a properly literary level. This investigation also reveals that, within both works, these Christian schemes echo the aesthetic concerns of modernity (auto-foundation of the subject, authenticity, autonomy and purification of forms).Key terms: Saint-Denys Garneau, Samuel Beckett, literary modernity, asceticism, poverty, doppelganger, Christianism, French-Canadian literature, French literature, Irish literature
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Soldan, William R. "In Just the Right Light." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1491431274838911.
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Franklin, Joey. "An Excuse I've Been Working on for Awhile." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1244139307.
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Thurman, Heather Victoria. "Slumming America: Exploring Childhood Experiences in Nineteenth Century New York City." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1591283630830989.
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Bingle, Joseph Kennedy. "La déchirure inévitable the state of the colonized intellectual in Albert Memmi's La statue de sel /." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1250178609.
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Stine, Alison. "Rust Belt Blues." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1365151197.
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Sarmento, Rosemari. "Do Cortiço à Cidade de Deus : a representação dos de baixo na literatura e no cinema." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/77136.
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Esta tese situa-se na intersecção da literatura com o cinema. O objetivo é lançar um olhar sobre os seus respectivos processos de criação e significação, considerando suas especificidades. Pois mesmo quando parte de um texto literário, o cinema diverge, ultrapassa e atravessa a linha de partida, apresentando diferentes dimensões e processos. O estudo problematiza a conexão entre arte e realidade social. Propõe uma comparação entre os romances O cortiço e Cidade de Deus e suas respectivas adaptações homônimas, buscando analisar as obras como capazes de traduzir o fenômeno social da pobreza na urbe. Ambas as obras literárias estão conformadas dentro de um projeto realista/naturalista e revelam momentos agudos de uma realidade social historicamente contextualizada em épocas distintas, a primeira pertence ao final do Brasil império e a segunda no Brasil contemporâneo. As obras fílmicas buscam o diálogo com os textos originais em seus procedimentos narrativos, dentro de suas proposições estéticas específicas à área cinematográfica, e também problematizam as questões sociais, em maior ou menor grau. A confrontação do corpora evidencia um processo de refinamento histórico de divisão da sociedade em classes econômicas e, portanto, uma engrenagem social e cultural excludente de segregação dos de baixo, em guetos, visto que estes carregam um estigma criado que os define como um outro, indesejado e potencialmente perigoso. A pesquisa verifica, ainda, dentro das fronteiras cerradas dos espaços narrativos das obras uma interessante articulação entre ordem/desordem que só irá evidenciar a lógica perversa dos contrassensos da sociedade brasileira e as desigualdades presentes nela. Portanto, este estudo demonstra nas obras, um sistema de relações concretas da configuração social do próprio Brasil.This dissertation lies between literature and cinema. It examines two Brazilian novels O cortiço and Cidade de Deus through a comparative study between literary narratives and their corresponding filmic adaptations, raising the problem of connecting art and social reality. This study argues that both literary narratives from a naturalist/realist project are representations of urban poverty translated into a historically contextualized social phenomenon; which reveals acute moments, firstly from an imperial Brazil and then from the contemporary country it became. The films establish a dialogue with social approaches brought up by the original texts, as well as their narrative procedures, although they have kept their own specific film aesthetic propositions. Further, the confrontation of the corpora demonstrates the division process, which has historically refined this society in classes, or guettos, economically and culturally segregated; and in doing so, it has also stigmatized this group of people as undesired and potentially dangerous, the so-called os de baixo (the ones below). The analysis articulates literary and filmic narrative settings, in terms of order/disorder concepts, showing the evidence of a perverted Brazilian social logic based on its own nonsense and inequality. Thus, this study affirms the existence of a historically concrete social relation system in Brazilian romances and films corresponding to the configuration of Brazil itself.
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Bailey, Amy. "Fourteen by Seventy: A Memoir of Secrets and Consequence." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1564571937079218.
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Cardoso, Fernando Juarez de. "De dependentes a pobres diabos : um breve percurso da pobreza na literatura brasileira." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/81401.
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Este trabalho tem por objetivo discutir a representação da pobreza em três obras da literatura brasileira de diferentes períodos – Til (1871), de José de Alencar, Vidas Secas (1938), de Graciliano Ramos e Os Ratos (1935), de Dyonelio Machado. Para tanto, procura-se compreender o entendimento das respectivas obras relacionando-as aos seus contextos de origem, buscando, assim, estabelecer também uma relação que encontre possíveis características em comum na tematização da pobreza. Dessa forma, além de uma construção narrativa bastante específica existente nestas obras, temos nos protagonistas destas uma elaboração característica para representar a sua degradação quanto a uma condição pobreza.This paper aims to discuss the representation of poverty in three works of Brazilian literature from different periods - Til (1871), of José de Alencar, Vidas Secas (1938), of Graciliano and Os Ratos (1935), of Dyonelio Machado. Therefore, we seek to comprehend the understanding of their works relating them to their original context, seeking thereby also establish a relationship to find possible common features in themes of poverty. This makes it possible to verify that, in addition to a very specific narrative construction existing in these works, we have an elaboration of these protagonists feature to represent their degradation as a condition poverty.
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Arican, Ebru. "Representations Of Children In Kemalettin Tugcu&." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12607884/index.pdf.
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This thesis is an attempt to analyze the narrative structure of Kemalettin Tugcu’
s novels for children that became popular in the 1960s and the 1970s. It examines the representations of childhood, adulthood, orphanhood, richness and poverty in Tugcu&
#8217
s books through the relations between the child and the adult and the rich and the poor. The poor orphan child that is portrayed especially as savior and virtuous is the main character of Tugcu&
#8217
s novels. Socio-cultural hierarchies are represented primarily through the encounter and the relationship of the poor orphan child with the adults and the rich. This study argues that Kemalettin Tugcu&
#8217
s novels represent orphanhood and poverty primarily as moral-spiritual states and not simply a materialeconomic situation. The thesis also pays attention to the conservative themes in Tugcu&
#8217
s books.
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Monson, Jason McLeod. "Hunger is the worst disease : conceptions of poverty and poverty relief in Buddhist social ethics." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2013. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4643/.
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The present work addresses the notions of poverty and poverty relief in Buddhist social and economic ethics, comparing them to current approaches to conceptualizing poverty used in the development community. Given the Buddhist preoccupation with ceasing suffering and removing its causes, and the key Buddhist principle of Right Livelihood that is found in the Ennobling Eightfold Path to enlightenment taught by the Buddha, economic ethics appear to be central to the Buddhist path and a concern for the suffering caused by extreme poverty therefore ought to be a key point of concern in Buddhist ethics. Buddhist ethics has developed into a field of study all its own over the last few decades, addressing issues in applied ethics from bioethics to human rights and environmental concerns, but little has been written by virtually any standard on the important topic of poverty relief. The present work makes a step toward filling that gap by examining relevant passages in the Pāli Canon as well as popular and influential Mahāyāna sūtras to demonstrate that a concern for deprivation or non-voluntary impoverishment is evident in key Buddhist doctrines and teachings from the earliest recorded history of the Buddhist tradition. The thesis further discusses the duties to relieve poverty outlined in Buddhist social ethics as well as the development of Buddhist economics and its critique of dominant mainstream economics. It also offers a comparison of Buddhist conceptions of poverty with contemporary notions of poverty, such as the capabilities approach to poverty developed by Amartya Sen and currently in use by the UNDP. In both of these cases poverty is portrayed in a comprehensive and multi-dimmensional manner which views income as only one aspect of poverty. Additionally, this dissertation examines the contemporary Socially Engaged Buddhist movement and identifies historical and contemporary examples of Buddhist poverty relief efforts.
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Burgess, Rachel. "Dementure." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1289927073.
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Hagino, Rika. "Considerações sobre a obra Nigorie (Enseada de águas turvas) e sua autora Higuchi Ichiyô (1872-1896)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8157/tde-18122007-111344/.
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Esta dissertação intenta investigar como a condição de vida da escritora Higuchi Ichiyô vai modificando o seu pensamento literário levando-a à criação do universo da obra Nigorie (Enseada de águas turvas) tentando desvendar seus ideais sociais. A partir de sua visão perspicaz sobre as condições sociais do país, Ichiyô foi a primeira escritora da época a expressar de forma tão direta a tristeza das mulheres abandonadas por uma sociedade desumana. Considerando a importância da vivência pessoal de Ichiyô, um estudo sobre sua vida faz-se necessário para compreender a trajetória percorrida pela autora até a obra em questão. Ichiyô viveu nos arredores dos bairros de prostituição e manteve contato direto com o mundo das meretrizes, e essas experiências serviram-se de subsídios para a sua criação literária. Nigorie descreve a limitada e infeliz vida das mulheres socialmente degradadas que trabalham em um bairro de prostituição clandestina e os homens que o freqüentam. Sente-se em Nigorie um desejo velado de Ichiyô em denunciar ao mundo essa triste realidade e protestar contra a pobreza e o sistema social japonês de sua época.This dissertation intends to investigate how the condition of life of writer Higuchi Ichiyô starts to modify her literary thought leading her to the creation of the universe of her work Nigorie (Troubled Creek) attempting to reveal her social ideals. From her talented vision on the social conditions of the country, Ichiyô was the first writer of her time to express in such a direct way the sadness of the women abandoned by an inhuman society. Considering the importance of the personal experience of Ichiyô a study upon her life becomes necessary to understand the trajectory the author went through as far as her work inherently. Ichiyô used to live in the outskirts of the prostitution quarters, keeping in touch with the world of prostitutes. These experiences turned into subsidies for her literary creation. Nigorie describes the limited and unhappy life of socially degraded women who work in a quarter of clandestine prostitution as well as the men who frequent it. It is felt in Nigorie a hidden desire of Ichiyô in denouncing this sad reality to the world, and besides, her intention to protest against the poverty and the Japanese social system of her time.
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Iacovetta, Anna C. "Moving Up the Social Ladder: An Analysis of the Role of Temptation in Shaping Characters in Select Fairy Tales Employing Marxist and Psychological Lenses." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1491073505893036.
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Cechinel, Fernanda Moro. "L'avventura d'un povero cristiano e Severina: religião e poder na obra siloniana." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2015. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/135505.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura, Florianópolis, 2015.Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-13T04:08:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 334863.pdf: 808556 bytes, checksum: 75d2363b59e9d54e0e746199a58407b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015
Os questionamentos em relação ao envolvimento político e à secularização da Igreja Católica são uma constante ao longo da história do cristianismo. Esses questionamentos impulsionaram, dentre outros, cismas, criações de diversas ordens religiosas e realização de Concílios, despertando também o interesse de intelectuais. O escritor abrucês Ignazio Silone (1900-1978) foi um dos que não deixou de indagar, por meio de suas obras literárias, esse conturbado envolvimento. Nas suas duas últimas publicações, L avventura d un povero cristiano (1968), na qual é recuperado o drama histórico do papa da grande renúncia, Celestino V, e Severina (1981), obra inacabada, publicada postumamente, Silone expõe sua visão sobre essa problemática secularização da Igreja, bem como as fissuras abertas em seu interior. Na Segunda Carta de São Paulo aos Tessalonicenses, por exemplo, considera-se a existência de uma bipolaridade de poderes, que seria originária do centro da instituição. Recentemente, no ano de 2013, essa problemática ressurgiu com a renúncia do papa Bento XVI, suscitando novas considerações de filósofos como Giorgio Agamben e Massimo Cacciari, e reafirmando, assim, a atualidade do pensamento siloniano. A investigação e a reflexão em torno dessas questões é o objetivo deste trabalho.
Abstract : The questions concerning the political involvement and the secularization of the Catholic Church are a constant throughout the history of Christianity. These questions boosted, among others, separation, creation of several religious orders and religions, as well as the conducting of Councils, also arousing the interest of intellectuals. The writer Ignazio Silone (1900-1978), was one who did not fail to ask, through his literary works, on the aforementioned involvement. In his two last publications, L'Avventura d'un povero cristiano (1968), in which the Pope's historical drama of the great renunciation, Celestine V, was recovered, and Severina (1981), unfinished work, published posthumously, Silone exposes his vision about this problematic secularization of the church, as well as the cracks opened in its inside. In the Second Letter of Saint Paul to the Thessalonians, for instance, it is considered that there is a bipolarity of power, that would be originated from the center of the institution. Recently, in 2013, this issue resurfaced with the resignation of Pope Benedict XVI, raising new considerations made by the philosophers Giorgio Agamben and Massimo Cacciari, thus reaffirming the present of the silonian thought. The investigations and reflection towards these issues is the objective of this study.
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Magnusson, Märta-Lisa. "Gränsens funktioner och manifestationer i Valentin Rasputins povesti." Göteborg : Institutum Slavicum Universitatis Gothoburgensis, 1986. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/17274495.html.
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Cunha, José Onofre Gurjão Boavista da. "Capital social, família e redução da pobreza: um percurso na literatura." Universidade Catolica de Salvador, 2013. http://ri.ucsal.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456730/233.
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Inserido na linha de pesquisa “Família e Sociedade”, esta tese tem por objetivo apresentar o Capital Social e familiar como instrumentos relevantes na geração de políticas sociais efetivas para o combate à pobreza, bem como para o empoderamento de grupos comunitários pobres na busca da superação das suas dificuldades, atuando os seus membros de forma solidária e cooperativa em prol do bem comum. Para tanto, tomou-se como fundamento o estudo do Capital Social, da pobreza e da família, três categorias que ocupam notáveis dimensões nos estudos das Ciências Sociais em particular e em quase todas as demais áreas do conhecimento. O Capital Social, que assume centralidade neste trabalho de tese, revestiu-se do significado que possui hoje somente a partir dos anos 1980 e foi examinado amplamente quanto à sua própria existência, seus conceitos, seu paradigma em construção na direção da maturidade, seu modelo analítico e suas aplicações no mundo real, sua aproximação com a economia e a psicologia, com a contribuição de um grande número de autores, nacionais e internacionais, apontando para o combate à pobreza e fazendo jus à sua condição de instrumento que corporifica o objeto da pesquisa. Já a abordagem da pobreza foi concebida em torno de dois eixos: o primeiro trata a pobreza como um problema para o conhecimento, envolvendo as diversas concepções em torno do tema e trazendo mensurações que dão uma ideia aproximada da sua amplitude e gravidade, e apontam na direção das medidas concretas e de programas orientados para o seu enfrentamento efetivo; o segundo eixo consiste em trabalhar a pobreza como um problema para a ação, compreendendo a proteção social e as políticas públicas que erigiram a sua redução quantitativa como um importante elemento da atuação do Estado e de outras organizações nesse campo específico. Foram examinados textos de autores que estudaram a temática no âmbito das variadas áreas do conhecimento que representam, levantando-se dados e informações a respeito de programas e projetos comunitários bem sucedidos, virtuosos, de superação da pobreza, mediante o uso do Capital Social, tanto no Brasil quanto em outros países, sintetizando-se esse processo de enfrentamento do problema como uma questão inserida na luta pelos direitos humanos e pela sustentabilidade econômica-social-ambiental no planeta. A família, que no período pós-guerra chegou a ser considerada uma instituição ultrapassada, por falta de funcionalidade, nos tempos modernos retomou o seu papel como sujeito social indispensável para acolher e cuidar de crianças e idosos, como referência para seus membros e parceira imprescindível para a implantação de políticas públicas/sociais. Ressalte-se a centralidade da família para o planejamento e a execução de projetos de vida, ponto inicial para que se possa vislumbrar um combate efetivo à pobreza. O projeto de vida tem como objetivos imediatos a melhoria dos níveis de educação, saúde, moradia e emprego e situa-se em direta oposição às estratégias de sobrevivência, que se preocupam unicamente com as necessidades imediatas. A família se reveste de papel fundamental na composição deste trabalho de tese, em especial quanto à abordagem do potencial construtivo do que tem sido denominado Capital Social Familiar, uma noção ainda embrionária com perspectivas promissoras no tocante ao combate à pobreza, através dos bens relacionais produzidos pelas relações pessoais, próprias e únicas, estabelecidas pelos membros da família no seu âmbito e no contexto comunitário em que se encontra estabelecida
Inserted in the research line "Family and Society", this thesis aims to present the social and family capital as important tools in the generation of effective social policies to combat poverty and to empower poor community groups in the effort to overcome its difficulties, with its members acting in solidarity and cooperative towards the common good. To do so, we took as basis the study of capital, poverty and family, representing three categories that occupy remarkable dimensions in the study of social sciences in particular, and in almost all other areas of knowledge. The capital, which is a central thesis of this paper, lined up the importance it has today only since the 1980s and has been widely examined as to their existence, their concepts, paradigm in building toward maturity, model analytical and applications in the real world, with the contribution of a large number of authors, national and international, pointing to the fight against poverty and living up to their status instrument that embodies the object of research. Already addressing poverty was designed around two axes: the first deals with poverty as a problem for knowledge, involving different concepts around the topic and bringing measurements that give an approximate idea of their extent and significance, and point the direction of the concrete measures and programs geared to their effective coping. The second axis consists of working poverty as a problem for the action, including social protection and public policies that build their quantitative reduction as an important element of the performance of State and other organizations in that particular field. We examined texts by important authors who have studied the subject in the context of various areas of knowledge they represent, rising data and information about community programs and projects successful, virtuous, to overcome poverty through the use of social capital, both in Brazil and in other countries, synthesizing this process of dealing with the problem as a matter inserted in the struggle for human rights and sustainable economic-social-environmental on the planet. The family, who in the postwar period came to be regarded as an outdated institution, for lack of functionality in modern times has resumed its role as a social subject indispensable to welcome and care for children and the elderly, as a reference for its members and partner essential for the implementation of public policy / social. It is worth noting the importance of family planning and execution of projects of life, starting point so you can glimpse an effective fight against poverty. The life project aims to immediate improvement of education, health, housing and employment and is located in direct opposition to the survival strategies that are concerned only with the immediate needs. The family is of fundamental role in the composition of this thesis work, especially on the approach of the constructive potential of what has been termed Family Social Capital, a still embryonic notion that shows promising perspectives in regard to fighting poverty through the relational goods produced personal relationships, own unique, established by family members in their scope and in the community context in which it is established.
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Künzi, Michael. "Anatolij Korolev 1992 : "Golova Gogolja" (Povest') : Syntagmatik, Pragmatik und Semantik /." Bern] : Selbstverlag, 2001. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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Ekaju, John. "An investigation into the relationship between the 1997 Universal Primary Education (UPE) policy and regional poverty and educational inequalities in Uganda (1997-2007)." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2011. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2587/.
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Past research has addressed the disparities in educational achievement for primary seven school leavers in Uganda but it did not take into account the multidimensional perspectives: those on poverty (as reported by the poor) and on educational inequalities between and within regions, particularly with regard to the impacts of the 1997 Universal Primary Education (UPE) policy. The central question for this enquiry was: whether the UPE policy reforms have eradicated the regional poverty and educational inequalities in Uganda given the evidence of a decade of UPE implementation (1997-2007). Five research questions arose: (1) What is the state of the regional poverty and educational inequalities in Uganda a decade after the launching of the 1997 UPE policy? (2) What are the perceptions of Primary leavers and adults on UPE and NFE and the effects of these interventions in reducing poverty and educational inequalities? (3) Is there evidence that UPE is helping poor people to escape from poverty? (4) How are poor people in Uganda socially constructed? What is the impact of the social construction of UPE on the learning outcomes of learners across the three different locations? and (5) How can UPE be meaningfully designed to help reduce regional poverty and educational inequalities in Uganda? The field data was collected during a year-long (June 2007 - May 2008) qualitative, field-based study of 16 Primary school graduates and pioneer beneficiaries of the 1997 UPE policy and of 34 adults – the latter identified by the nature of their role and position in relation to these UPE graduates. Broadly, the typology provides the central framework for a comparative study, through the diverse perspectives of Primary leavers, head teachers, education officials, community leaders and Education Executive Committee members and others chosen through a purposive sampling strategy, in three distinct education settings (the City, the peri-urban Municipality and the Village) using face-to-face interviews, focus groups and participatory techniques. The research adopted an integrated approach using critical ethnography, social constructionist and the emancipatory paradigms for triangulation. The Southern and Eastern Africa Consortium for Monitoring Educational Quality (SACMEQ II 2005 - Byamugisha and Ssenabulya) Survey on Numeracy and Literacy levels for Grade 6 in Uganda provided data to validate the findings from the integrated account and to support the thesis that UPE has not reduced regional inequality in Uganda. The study identified the following gaps for further research: (a) gathering robust disaggregated data to address exclusion – gender, disability, socio-economic status, ethnic origin and place of residence; (b) an investigation of the most practical and cost-effective approach to meet the education aspirations of the disadvantaged school-age out-of-school children and youths; c) a study of the impact of the language policy implemented through the thematic curriculum in the multi-lingual and multi-ethnic classrooms, (d) an investigation of the high attrition rates and the attribution of poor quality of UPE to teachers, and (e) a clarification of the meaning of UPE in Uganda from an inclusive and an equity perspective.
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Olander, Louise. "Privilege and Poverty under Patriarchy : An Intersectional Feminist Analysis of the Portrayal of Wives and Mothers in Elizabeth Gaskell’s North and South." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för humaniora, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-35867.
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Building on previous feminist literary criticism of Elizabeth Gaskell's North and South (1854-55), this essay analyses the portrayal of wives and mothers in the novel from an intersectional feminist perspective. It examines how the narrative shows that gender and economic status or class intersect to create varied representations of Victorian women's marginalisation. The analysis argues that the novel, on the one hand, depicts wives and mothers as united by their status at "the other" in patriarchal Victorian society. On the other hand, the novel juxtaposes economically privileged and poor wives and mothers to show that they are not equally isolated, powerless, or willing to comply with Victorian gender roles. The result is a complex and empathetic portrayal of wives and mothers' privilege and poverty under patriarchy, which challenges the Victorian ideal of wives and mothers as "angels in the house".