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Journal articles on the topic 'Poverty – Lesotho'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

M., Moses M. "The Structural Market Shift Review of Lesotho: Transitory Situational Analytic Market Policy Introspection for Sustainable Development." Journal of Social and Development Sciences 5, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v5i3.812.

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This paper analyzes Lesothoâ€™s agricultural market in both state-regulated and liberalized policy. It identifies institutional constraints inhibiting efficient marketing in both policy systems. Realization of such constraints constitutes an analytic illumination on the formulation of strategies for poverty alleviation and sustainable development through agricultural marketing as the main sector with 86% of Lesothoâ€™s poor subsistence producers. This desk-study comprehends the state and the market as imperfect institutions in sustainable development and alleviating poverty by unearthing constraints to pre and post agricultural market reforms in Lesotho. It thus examines Lesothoâ€™s agricultural market transitory situational analysis and organization, providing empowering lessons in poverty reduction and sustainable development at grassroots level. Forms of state intervention before market reform, market reform process and progress and the institutional constraints and implications in poverty reduction and sustainable development are covered to attain critical lessons as cognitive knowledge applicable in empowering the poor in crops production, food security and sustainable development. State and the market and their active interaction have globally been believed to be institutional agencies with the main role of distributing resources towards poverty reduction and sustainable development but their imperfections and constraints hampering effectiveness and efficiency of such a role still lack adequate contextual review to effectively increase productivity and enrich lives of the poor agricultural producers, particularly in Lesotho.

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2

Mots'oene, Keneuoe, and Akinagum Esenjor. "Development Assistance in Lesotho: Is it a National Strategy for Poverty Reduction and Sustainable Development?" Africanus: Journal of Development Studies 46, no. 2 (October 26, 2017): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/0304-615x/2292.

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This article argues that Lesotho’s increasing reliance on aid leads to economic decline, worsening living standards and eventually poverty, thus obstructing sustainable development. Studies done in the country are silent about the effect of aid on poverty reduction and sustainable development. The study fills this missing link in the literature. Aid as a resource must help a country to enable its citizens to live beyond consumption by creating other activities that will in the long-run, reduce vulnerability and poverty; thus promoting sustainable development, which is contrary to what has been prevailing in Lesotho. The worst scenario in Lesotho is the post-independence period, where almost all aid combined failed to bring the desired changes in the lives of the majority and instead, increased vulnerability and poverty, and resulted in unsustainable development.

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3

Ueckermann, EM, and JN Blignaut. "The attitude and vulnerability of people as determinants of poverty: The case of Lesotho." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 8, no. 4 (July 25, 2014): 465–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v8i4.1176.

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Lesotho is one of the poorest countries in the world. After reviewing the growth and poverty debate, which suggests that policy reforms and economic growth have largely failed to contribute to the alleviation of poverty in Lesotho, the paper explores the core constraints to poverty reduction. It is argued that the attitudes of the people in Lesotho and the extent to which they are vulnerable to exogenous shocks are important variables towards removing structural and fundamental constraints that impede poverty alleviation. To quantify the values of attitude and vulnerability, an econometric model is constructed that uses an HSRC public perceptions survey in Lesotho. The economic significance of this alternative measure provides a new dynamic on how to approach the issue of poverty alleviation in Lesotho.

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4

Charity Gomo, Paramaiah Ch, Nthabeleng Joyce Sakoane, R. Machema,. "GENDER AND MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY IN LESOTHO." Psychology and Education Journal 57, no. 9 (January 20, 2021): 6522–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v57i9.3352.

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This study applies the Alkire & Foster (2011) approach to estimate gender gaps in multidimensional poverty in Lesotho using 2016 population and housing census dataset. Results show that when using three-dimensions; education, health and living-standards, gender-gaps observed in multidimensional poverty are above 20% in all age groups except for adults implying that females are more vulnerable compared to males. However; when adding the fourth dimension, economic activity that captures employment status leads to larger estimates of male poverty than female. We conclude that overall, poverty seems to be feminized in Lesotho and on average the rural population suffers more from deprivation in all the indicators considered. Two strong policy implications arise from our findings i.e. reduction of the rural-urban poverty gap and gender gap. It is recommended that some serious protective measures to combat poverty should be taken in rural areas to address equality issues to comprehend the Sustainable Development Goals.

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5

lawson, david. "INFRASTRUCTURE AND TIME POVERTY IN LESOTHO." South African Journal of Economics 76, no. 1 (March 2008): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1813-6982.2008.00163.x.

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6

Kali, Moeketsi. "Causes and Solutions of Poverty in Lesotho." European Journal of Behavioral Sciences 3, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/ejbs.v3i2.396.

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Sub-Saharan Africa is a home of the world’s poorest countries. After more than half a century since independence, Lesotho remains in the list of the poor countries in Sub-Saharan Africa despite the adoption of the Millennium Development Goals, Sustainable Development Goals, and Agenda 2063. The aim of this paper is to examine the causes of poverty in the country together with the solutions taken to combat it. The paper asks the following questions: What are the main causes of poverty in Lesotho? What solutions has the government put in place to reduce it? The paper anchors on content analysis to provide answers to these questions. It argues that poverty and its ills remain pervasive in Lesotho because of the government’s poor policies and failure to create job opportunities. The paper shows that the government of Lesotho has closed gender disparity in terms of educational attainment and health and survival. It has also developed a robust social protection system to reduce poverty among the elderly population, people living with disabilities, children, and women in the country. Despite this success, the government has reversed the gains made since 2006 in terms of political empowerment and economic participation and opportunities. Notwithstanding, the SDGs and Agenda 2063 provides a room for the government to reduce poverty in the country by making good on its promises entailed in the two international instruments.

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7

International Monetary Fund. "Lesotho: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper Status Report." IMF Staff Country Reports 04, no. 385 (2004): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451823790.002.

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8

Braun, Yvonne A. "Environmental change, risk and vulnerability: poverty, food insecurity and HIV/AIDS amid infrastructural development and climate change in Southern Africa." Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society 13, no. 2 (July 2020): 267–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsaa008.

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Abstract The Lesotho Highlands Water Project (LHWP) is a transnational multi-dam infrastructural development project to sell water from Lesotho to South Africa. Based on field and secondary research in Lesotho, I demonstrate how infrastructural projects such as the LHWP shape a geography of risk and become a medium through which riskscapes are created or exacerbated in both South Africa and Lesotho. Project-induced changes interacted with and intensified co-occurring vulnerabilities for communities directly and indirectly affected by the LHWP over time. I focus specifically on risks to livelihood, food insecurity and health, within the context of increased climatic shocks in the region.

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9

Rantšo, Tšepiso A. "The role of the non-farm sector in rural development in Lesotho." Journal of Modern African Studies 54, no. 2 (May 13, 2016): 317–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x16000197.

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ABSTRACTThis paper assesses the role of the non-farm sector in rural development in Lesotho. Evidence from studies in developing countries indicates that agriculture was formerly used as the main source of livelihood for many people in poor countries. However, due to the decline in agricultural productivity (which results in poverty and food insecurity) caused by unfavourable agro-climatic conditions, many people are turning to non-farm activities as a means of making a living. Therefore, non-farm incomes are used to provide the means of sustenance for many people. However, little attention has hitherto been paid to improving the rural non-farm sector as an alternative or complementary rural development strategy in Lesotho. This research paper uses quantitative research methods to analyse the available data. The main research findings suggest that many people make a living out of non-farm incomes. As a result, this paper proposes that the rural non-farm sector should be given more priority by the government in rural development in Lesotho.

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10

Nhapi, Tatenda Goodman, and Jotham Dhemba. "Embedding the developmental approach in social work education and practice to overcome poverty: The case of Southern Africa." Greenwich Social Work Review 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21100/gswr.v1i1.1103.

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The article examines the extent to which social work education and practice in Eswatini, Lesotho and Zimbabwe has embedded the developmental approach to address the problem of poverty and to bring about socio-economic transformation in these countries. This is particularly significant as social work has gained traction internationally as a problem-solving profession. However, it is argued that that there is a lack of clarity conceptually about how the developmental approach should be operationalised in order to deal with the social problems afflicting African countries in general and Southern Africa in particular. Furthermore the chapter examines challenges in the implementation of the developmental approach in economically fragile contexts such as Eswatini, Lesotho and Zimbabwe. The gaps and constraints in mainstreaming developmental social work are also examined in the context of poverty, globalisation and impacts of natural disasters. Challenges experienced by frontline social workers in mobilising communities through the application of a repertoire of developmental social work approaches have also received attention. The article is based on personal experiences of the authors in teaching and practicing social work in the three countries and this is complemented by reviews and analysis of research studies and policy documents and reports on the mitigation of poverty and the developmental approach. Importantly, the article also offers pathways on the embedment of the developmental approach in social work education and practice to promote the realisation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) especially the goal relating to the eradication poverty.

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11

International Monetary Fund. "Kingdom of Lesotho: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper, Prioritization, and Cost Matrix." IMF Staff Country Reports 06, no. 143 (2006): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451978049.002.

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12

International Monetary Fund. "Kingdom of Lesotho: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper: National Strategic Development Plan." IMF Staff Country Reports 12, no. 102 (2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781475503241.002.

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13

Pama, MM, and J. Zwolinski. "Performance of exotic tree species planted for poverty alleviation in Lesotho." Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science 70, no. 1 (July 2008): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/south.for.2008.70.1.4.514.

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14

International Monetary Fund. "Kingdom of Lesotho: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper: Joint Staff Advisory Note." IMF Staff Country Reports 06, no. 149 (2006): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451823844.002.

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15

Walsh, Corinna May, Michelle Shannon Fouché, Mariette Nel, and Frederik Booysen. "The Impact of a Household Food Garden Intervention on Food Security in Lesotho." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 22 (November 20, 2020): 8625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17228625.

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Food insecurity is a challenge in the developing world, where many are finding healthy food inaccessible due to poverty. A pre-test, post-test design was applied to determine the impact of a vegetable gardening intervention in 25 experimental and 25 control households in Lesotho. Information about sociodemographic conditions and indicators of food security was collected by trained fieldworkers. As evidenced by the Living Poverty Index of 2.5, the sample was characterized by high levels of poverty. Although almost no households were scored very low or low using the Months of Adequate Household Food Provisioning (MAHFP) tool, less than half of households were categorized as food-secure. Household Dietary Diversity (HDD) showed infrequent intake of vegetables and fruits and regular intake of fats and sugar. After intervention, the percentage of households with a low HDD score improved significantly in the intervention group (12%) compared to the control group (40%) (95% CI (2.5%; 50.7%)). Despite this, the percentage of households that consumed vegetables during the previous day was still below 30%. Food gardens have the potential to improve availability of food and frequency of vegetable consumption, but harsh environmental conditions need to be considered.

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16

Kanono, Thabane, Honu Bright, and Paramiah Ch. "Determinants of household-level vulnerability to poverty in Mohales Hoek District, Lesotho." International NGO Journal 9, no. 2 (February 28, 2014): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ingoj2013.0280.

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17

Mamosa, Thaanyane. "Business Education as an instrument for poverty and unemployment reduction in Lesotho." International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP) 9, no. 11 (November 12, 2019): p9547. http://dx.doi.org/10.29322/ijsrp.9.11.2019.p9547.

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18

International Monetary Fund. "Lesotho: Joint Staff Assessment of the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper Progress Report." IMF Staff Country Reports 03, no. 170 (2003): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451823745.002.

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19

International Monetary Fund. "Lesotho: Joint Staff Assessment of the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper Status Report." IMF Staff Country Reports 04, no. 386 (2004): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451823806.002.

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20

Hapazari, Josphine, and ND Loubser. "Rural people's perceptions regarding causes and solutions of poverty: The Lesotho milieu." Eastern Africa Social Science Research Review 37, no. 1 (2021): 103–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/eas.2021.0004.

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21

Manyeli, Louis. "Niccolo Machiavelli and His Influence on Lesotho Political Rulers." Studies in Social Science Research 2, no. 2 (April 15, 2021): p9. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/sssr.v2n2p9.

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In his famous “The Prince”, Machiavelli drastically differs from all political writing of ancient antiquity, the Middle Ages and Renaissance that had one central question: the end of the state. Machiavelli assumes that power is an end in itself, and maintains that the ruler ought to focus on acquiring, retaining and expanding power. While the moralist adheres to the supremacy of his moral code and the ecclesiastic to his religious code, Machiavelli recognizes the supremacy of the precepts of his code in politics: the acquisition, retention and expansion of power. It is argued that most Lesotho political rulers follow in the footsteps of Machiavelli, and this has occurred from gaining independence in the Mountain Kingdom. For Lesotho political rulers heavily influenced by Machiavelli’s amorality, power is regarded as an end in itself. Consequently, the Mountain Kingdom governed by ruthless and tyrant rulers whose aim is to retain and expand power, have subjects who live below poverty line.

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22

Priscilla Masupha, Liako, Andrisha Beharry-Ramraj, and John Amolo. "State financial assistance within Lesotho Maseru’s small, medium and micro enterprises." Public and Municipal Finance 6, no. 4 (December 11, 2017): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/pmf.06(4).2017.01.

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Small, Medium and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) function in both the micro and macro environments, and are subject to internal and external forces in most economies. The monitoring of the external and internal factors and vital strategies by SMME owners and stakeholders including government and supporting institutions is necessary to attempt a reduction in their failure rates. Literature supports this proposition in the development of SMMEs. The aim of this study was to analyze the environmental factors that result in a low rate of success and a high failure rate of SMMEs in Maseru the capital city of Lesotho. Primary data for this study was collected through questionnaires which were distributed to a sample of 250 SMMEs owners, however, only 180 respondents completed and returned questionnaires, which were then used for data analysis. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS21). The findings revealed that there still persists inadequacy in financial assistance and the need to develop a financial strategy by the state. Government key intervention is proposed to enable growth and development in a sector that sustains job creation and poverty reduction through financial strategy. Further research on how the sector establishes support is also proposed.

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23

Wisner, Ben. "Rural Energy and Poverty in Kenya and Lesotho: All Roads lead to Ruin." IDS Bulletin 18, no. 1 (January 1987): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-5436.1987.mp18001004.x.

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24

Tanga, Pius T. "Growing Old Gracefully: The Role of Old Age Pension in Lesotho." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 14, no. 5 (September 11, 2015): 567–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341361.

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The introduction of an old age pension in Lesotho in November 2004 brought relief and hope to the elderly. The paper examines how the old age pension has helped in the acquisition of material goods, increased access to health care and, most importantly, strengthened the status of the elderly in their households. Two hundred and fifteen old age pension recipients in rural areas were interviewed. Results show that the elderly now participate more in household decision-making and contribute towards income and community projects. The poverty and hunger vulnerability existing before the pension have been halved. Pensioners play an increasing role in the care of orphans and vulnerable children. This has boosted pensioners’ self-esteem and strengthened respect given to them. Although the pension is seen as meagre, elections results show the efforts of the government continue to be highly appreciated. The paper concludes the old age pension has empowered the elderly and helps them live a more graceful life.

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25

Dhemba, Jotham. "Overcoming poverty in old age: Social security provision in Lesotho, South Africa and Zimbabwe revisited." International Social Work 56, no. 6 (September 12, 2012): 816–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872812446529.

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26

Hapazari, Innocent, and Josphine Hapazari. "A look at Lesotho government and NGOs' economic empowerment programs with respect to rural poverty reduction." Corvinus Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 10, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 65–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.14267/cjssp.2019.1.4.

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27

May, Julian, and Benjamin Roberts. "Poverty Diagnostics Using Poor Data: Strengthening the Evidence Base for Pro-Poor Policy Making in Lesotho." Social Indicators Research 74, no. 3 (December 2005): 477–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11205-004-8208-7.

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28

Motsâ€™oene, Keneuoe Anacletta. "Analyzing Gender Disparities in the Labour Market in an Urbanizing City- Maseru, Lesotho." Journal of Social and Development Sciences 8, no. 1 (April 24, 2017): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v8i1.1614.

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The study aimed at investigating the gender differences in the labour market of the urban formal sector in Maseru. The research was undertaken to illustrate the existing gender gap between men and women both in occupation and remuneration thus exposing inequality manifestations particularly in an urbanizing city, Maseru. The assessment was carried out in Maseru urban formal sector in three government entities: the National Manpower Development Secretariat, Office of the Auditor General and Ministry of Labour. The three government entities were purposively selected because of easy access of documented data and availability of resource persons to assist during data collection exercise. While at the same time a few interviews were conducted with men working in the taxi industry and the informal sector. Observations as well formed part of approach to the study to ascertain the validity of information obtained from the documented data and interviews. The main finding of the paper is that women in Lesotho the paper concludes that the formal labour market in Maseru is characterized by gender gaps where women occupy well salaried positions as opposed to their male counterparts with these low income jobs thus making men live in vicious cycle of poverty.

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29

Tanga, Pius T. "The Contribution of Chinese Trade and Investment Towards Poverty Alleviation in Africa: Evidence of Divergent Views from Lesotho." Journal of Social Sciences 19, no. 2 (May 2009): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09718923.2009.11892698.

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30

Bonthuys, Elsje. "Legal capacity and family status in child-headed households: Challenges to legal paradigms and concepts." International Journal of Law in Context 6, no. 1 (February 25, 2010): 45–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744552309990292.

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In its 2005 Household Survey, Statistics South Africa counted 143,167 children living in child-headed households. The increased numbers of such households is usually ascribed to the death of parents from AIDS, and researchers expect them to increase further in the future. Similar household formations are also found in other Southern African countries such as Zimbabwe, Botswana, Uganda, Lesotho and Tanzania. Although the research indicates that children living in child-headed households usually experience emotional trauma, poverty and problems with accessing education, health care and social welfare grants, the consensus amongst children’s advocates and academics is that placing all such children in institutions, foster homes or adoption is not currently a viable or an optimal solution. The existence of child-headed households and the urgent need to assist children living in them exposes the inadequacy of several common law legal concepts and paradigms. This paper explores some practical and conceptual arguments for assigning family status to child-headed households and for awarding legal capacity to the minors who head these households.

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31

International Monetary Fund. "Lesotho: Fourth Review Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility Arrangement and Request for Waiver of Performance Criteria--Staff Report; Press Release on the Executive Board Discussion; and Statement by the Executive Director for Lesotho." IMF Staff Country Reports 03, no. 169 (2003): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451823691.002.

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32

International Monetary Fund. "Lesotho: Sixth Review Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility and Request for Waiver of Nonobservance of Performance Criteria--Staff Report; Staff Statement; Press Release on the Executive Board Discussion; and Statement by the Executive Director for Lesotho." IMF Staff Country Reports 04, no. 387 (2004): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451823813.002.

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33

International Monetary Fund. "Lesotho: 2000 Article IV Consultation and Request for a Three-Year Arrangement Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility--Staff Report; Staff Statement; Public Information Notice." IMF Staff Country Reports 01, no. 79 (2001): i. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451823677.002.

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34

International Monetary Fund. "Lesotho: 2001 Article IV Consultation and the Second Review Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility Arrangement and Request for Waiver of Performance Criterion--Staff Report; Public Information Notice and News Brief on the Executive Board Discussion; and Statement by the Executive Director for Lesotho." IMF Staff Country Reports 02, no. 96 (2002): i. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451823684.002.

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International Monetary Fund. "Lesotho: Third Review Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility Arrangement and Request for Waivers of Performance Criteria--Staff Report and News Brief on the Executive Board Discussion." IMF Staff Country Reports 02, no. 218 (2002): i. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451823769.002.

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36

Gustafsson, Björn, and Negatu Makonnen. "Poverty Remittances in Lesotho1." Journal of African Economies 2, no. 1 (May 1993): 49–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jae.a036774.

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37

International Monetary Fund. "Lesotho: 2003 Article IV Consultation, Fifth Review Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility, and Requests for Waiver of Performance Criteria and Extension of Arrangement--Staff Report; Public Information Notice and Press Release on the Executive Board Discussion; and Statement by the Executive Director for Lesotho." IMF Staff Country Reports 04, no. 21 (2004): i. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451823707.002.

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38

Ulicki, Theresa, and Jonathan Crush. "Poverty, gender and migrancy: Lesotho's migrant farmworkers in South Africa." Development Southern Africa 24, no. 1 (March 2007): 155–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03768350601165983.

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39

Pule, Neville W., and Motlatsi Thabane. "Lesotho's land tenure regimes: experiences of rural communities and the calls for land reform." Journal of Modern African Studies 42, no. 2 (May 12, 2004): 283–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x04000126.

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Calls to reform Lesotho's traditional or customary land tenure abound. The main argument of those who call for reform is that there is no security of tenure, and therefore economic development and foreign and local investment in agriculture are lacking. Lately, traditional land tenure has been blamed for environmental degradation of agricultural land. Using oral and documentary evidence collected in the Rothe Ward, Mafeteng District, and the Mafeteng District Secretary's Office, this paper argues that the traditional land tenure is ambiguous on ownership of land, and is in need of reform designed to prevent various forms of chiefly abuse. However, no evidence of insecurity of tenure per se was found. Instead, poverty and lack of capital with which to acquire agricultural inputs in order to improve production were most prevalent in the responses of rural communities. Finally, the paper ends on a note of caution that reforms as envisaged may have calamitous long-term consequences both for rural communities and the country.

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40

"LESOTHO: Poverty Remains High." Africa Research Bulletin: Economic, Financial and Technical Series 56, no. 12 (February 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6346.2020.09292.x.

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41

Makatjane, T. "Poverty, Gender and Education in Lesotho." Review of Southern African Studies 5, no. 1 (April 26, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/rosas.v5i1.65803.

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42

International Monetary Fund. "Lesotho: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper Progress Report." IMF Staff Country Reports 03, no. 171 (2003). http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451823776.002.

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43

Ramaili, L. G., and F. Cloete. "The Role of the Lesotho Highlands Water Project in Poverty Alleviation in Lesotho." Africa Insight 37, no. 4 (April 25, 2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ai.v37i4.22518.

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44

Hlalele, Bernard M. "Cointegration analysis of vulnerability index and standardised precipitation index in Mafeteng district, Lesotho." Jàmbá: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies 9, no. 1 (November 24, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jamba.v9i1.330.

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Given the high poverty levels in Africa, with most countries’ economy and populations’ livelihood dependent on rain-fed agriculture, land degradation among other environmental hazards has proven to be a major threat to economic growth and food insecurity, respectively. Drought, which is on the increase at the global level and said to create over 78% of other hazards, has aggravated land degradation. Dry conditions lessen soil particles cohesion force, thereby increasing susceptibility of such soils to be lost by wind and water. The current study aimed at estimating land degradation from drought hazard index, standardised precipitation index (SPI) over the drought declared district of Mafeteng Lesotho. Data were provided by Lesotho Meteorological Services for a period of 30 years (1984–2014). All missing values that existed in the collected precipitation data were filled with average values of the months with data. The computation of SPI was performed by using DrinC software in SPI-3 and SPI-Annual time step. The results revealed a constant condition of land degradation vulnerability over a 30-year period, implying a continuous loss of soil fertility, agricultural gross domestic product (GDP), water and bio-energy, malnutrition and increased poverty levels.

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45

Mokhethi, Motšelisi C., and Adolf J. Vögel. "Export constraints facing Lesotho-based manufacturing enterprises." Acta Commercii 15, no. 1 (February 27, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ac.v15i1.284.

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Orientation: Exporting is preferred by many enterprises as the mode of foreign entry as it requires less commitment of organisational resources and offers flexibility of managerial actions. However, enterprises face a number of challenges when attempting to initiate exports or expand their export operations.Research purpose: This study was undertaken to determine the characteristics and composition of export barriers constraining exporting by Lesotho-based manufacturing enterprises.Motivation for the study: Lesotho is faced with low destination diversity and low diversity in export products.Research design, approach and method: Data was collected from 162 Lesotho-based manufacturing enterprises through a self-administered questionnaire.Main findings: In its findings, the study firstly identified international constraints, distribution constraints and financial constraints as factors constraining exporting. Secondly, it was determined that three exporting constraints, all internal to the enterprise and all related to one factor (namely financial constraint) hampered exporting. Lastly, the ANOVA results revealed that the perceptions of export constraints differed according to the enterprise characteristics, enterprise size, ownership and type of industry.Contribution/value-add: With the majority of enterprises in this study being identified as micro-enterprises, the government of Lesotho needs to pay particular attention to addressing the export needs of these enterprises in order to enable them to participate in exporting activities − especially considering that they can play a pivotal role in the alleviation of poverty, job creation and economic rejuvenation.

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46

Hobbs, Philippa. "The blood-sucker bird: A woven narrative of exploitation and dependency." Image & Text, no. 34 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2617-3255/2020/n34a13.

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One of the most renowned tapestry ventures in South Africa is the Evangelical Lutheran Church Art and Craft Centre, Rorke's Drift, initiated in 1963. Less well-known is the subsequent centre started by its Swedish founders, Ulla and Peder Gowenius, in neighbouring Lesotho. Thabana li Mele, as this initiative was called, opened in 1968, and within two years, 200 villagers wove a range of textiles, including pictorial tapestries. However, this thriving operation would be short-lived, forced to close in 1970, by an ally of white South Africa, Lesotho's Leabua Jonathan regime. Apartheid-era writings have offered limiting representations of these events, and Thabana li Mele's weavers and their works are now all but forgotten. As the author shows, The blood-sucker bird (1969), a tapestry from this centre on which some material has survived, suggests that Thabana li Mele was destined to be more than just a poverty-alleviation initiative. Woven by an unknown woman, this bold artwork articulates Lesotho's subaltern status as a land-locked labour reserve for South Africa's mines. Reminiscent of oral art forms, its symbolic language interrogates the hegemonies that engineered the lives of Basotho communities forced into migrancy and economic dependency on South Africa. The tapestry also yields insight into the creative agency of a marginalised

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Mots’oene, Dr Keneuoe Anacletta. "Urban Governance and Urban Poverty: The Critical Analysis of Basic Services Provision in Maseru, Lesotho." Journal of Social Science for Policy Implications 4, no. 1 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.15640/jsspi.v4n1a1.

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Muroyiwa, Brian, and Linakane Theresia Ts’elisang. "FACTORS AFFECTING FOOD SECURITY OF RURAL FARMERS IN LESOTHO: THE CASE OF KEYHOLE GARDENERS IN LERIBE DISTRICT." Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development 59, no. 1 (April 2, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.17306/j.jard.2021.01397.

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The practice of homestead vegetable gardening has gained importance due to the increasing rate of rural poverty in developing countries. Keyhole garden is not yet a particu[1]larly common variant of home gardens but it is becoming popular globally in both developing and developed countries due to its unique benefits related to sustainable farming prac[1]tices. The main objective of the study is to determine factors that influence the food security of rural farmers in Lesotho utilising keyhole gardeners in Leribe district in Lesotho. The study used a purposive sampling method to select a sample of 110 respondents. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression models were used for data analysis. The majority of households (65.45%) never skipped a meal and were food secure however, 27.27% sometimes skipped meals, and 7% skipped meals frequently. The study findings indicated that keyhole gardens influence food security since they boost food supplies, generate income and help in the reduction of food bills. The results of the study showed that age (p < 0.01), marital status p < 0.05), household size (p < 0.10), market information (p < 0.05), donations (p < 0.01) and access to in[1]puts (p < 0.01) influence the food security of keyhole garden farmers in the study area. The study recommends that agricul[1]ture civil service workers should receive training on keyhole gardens so that they can transfer the knowledge and skills to rural farmers to increase the awareness of, and the participa[1]tion in, keyhole gardening and ultimately influence household food security.

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Bello, H., M. Letete, M. Rapapa, and L. Chokobane. "An Evaluation of the Poverty Reduction Impact of the Non-Contributory Old Age Pension Programme in Lesotho: The Case of Manonyane." Review of Southern African Studies 12, no. 1-2 (April 14, 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/rosas.v12i1-2.53639.

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Tanga, PT. "Poverty alleviation from the perspective of street vendors in Lesoth." Review of Southern African Studies 13, no. 1 (September 6, 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/rosas.v13i1.59033.

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