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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Powder electrode reactions

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Academic literature on the topic 'Powder electrode reactions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Powder electrode reactions"

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Mahesh, K. C., and G. S. Suresh. "Electrochemical Characterization of Graphene–LiMn2O4 Composite Cathode Material for Aqueous Rechargeable Lithium Batteries." Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 23, no. 09 (2021): 967–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.51201/jusst/21/09636.

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A series of graphene– LiMn2O4 composite electrodes were prepared by physical mixing of graphene powder and LiMn2O4 cathode material. LiMn2O4was synthesized by reactions under autogenic pressure at elevated temperature method. CV, galvanostatic charge-discharge experiments and EIS studies revealed that the addition of graphene significantly decreases the charge-transfer resistance of LiMn2O4 electrodes. 5 wt. % graphene–LiMn2O4 composite electrode exhibits better electrochemical performance by increasing the reaction reversibility and capacity compared to that of the pristine LiMn2O4 electrode.

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Zhang, Qian, Chang Yao, Jun-Ming Hong, and Chang-Tang Chang. "Preparation of Pt/TiO2/Graphene/Polyethylene Sheets via a Facile Molding Process for Azo Dye Electrodegradation." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, no. 5 (2020): 3287–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.17399.

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As the characterizations of electrode are meaningful for electric catalytic efficiency and mechanism, the improvement of electrode have raised considerable public concern in recent decades. However, the metal electrode have the drawbacks of high price and easy for toxicity, nano electrode restricted by difficulties for electrode coating, possibility of agglomeration, and abscission during reactions. Focus on those defects, the proposed study is going to establish a useful technique for polymer combined nano-electrode preparation. The morphology, functional groups, and other characterization of

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Sendetskyi, Oles, Mark Salomons, Steve Launspach, and Michael Fleischauer. "Decoupling Electrolyte and Electrode Reactions Using in-Operando Electrochemical X-Ray Powder Diffraction." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2020-02, no. 62 (2020): 3177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2020-02623177mtgabs.

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Inada, Ryoji, Kohei Okuno, Shunsuke Kito, Tomohiro Tojo, and Yoji Sakurai. "Properties of Lithium Trivanadate Film Electrodes Formed on Garnet-Type Oxide Solid Electrolyte by Aerosol Deposition." Materials 11, no. 9 (2018): 1570. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11091570.

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We fabricated lithium trivanadate LiV3O8 (LVO) film electrodes for the first time on a garnet-type Ta-doped Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZT) solid electrolyte using the aerosol deposition (AD) method. Ball-milled LVO powder with sizes in the range of 0.5–2 µm was used as a raw material for LVO film fabrication via impact consolidation at room temperature. LVO film (thickness = 5 µm) formed by AD has a dense structure composed of deformed and fractured LVO particles and pores were not observed at the LVO/LLZT interface. For electrochemical characterization of LVO film electrodes, lithium (Li) metal foil was

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Reipa, V., and J. J. Horvath. "Surface-Enhanced Raman Study of Benzylpenicillin." Applied Spectroscopy 46, no. 6 (1992): 1009–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702924124501.

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The surface-enhanced Raman spectra (SERS) of benzylpenicillin on electrochemically roughened Ag electrodes were investigated. Spectral assignments were carried out. Comparison with powder Raman spectra demonstrated that the benzene ring is in a vertical position relative to the surface. The molecule is bonded to the silver surface through the carboxylate group and the tertiary nitrogen of the beta-lactam ring, resulting in formation of a bidentate surface complex. Evidence of partial benzylpenicillin hydrolysis into 6-aminopenicillanic acid and phenylacetic acid on the surface of the electrode

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Cursaru, Laura-Madalina, Ana-Maria Mocioiu, Ioan Albert Tudor, and Roxana Mioara Piticescu. "Hydrothermal Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes-Polyaniline(CNT-PANI)Composites and Preliminary Electrochemical Characterization of CNT-PANI Coatings." Materiale Plastice 57, no. 3 (2020): 238–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.20.3.5396.

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Heavy metals have a major contribution to biosphere pollution due to toxicity. The detection and monitoring of the environmental agents in soil, water and air is very important for the general health of humans and animals. It has been recently shown that electrochemical techniques such as differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) using modified electrodes are very attractive methods for detecting heavy metals. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the potential of hydrothermal process combined with electrochemical techniques to obtain modified

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Shi, Gang, and Dong Ying Ju. "Simulation of Electrochemical Performance on Electrode of Mg-Zn Air Cell." Materials Science Forum 833 (November 2015): 134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.833.134.

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In order to develop a new air cell cathode, the mixed with Mg alloy and zinc powder as anode material of a kind of button battery was proposed in the research work. In this paper, the ion concentration results of corrosion solution by ICP measurement was used electrochemical simulation by FACSIMILE for evaluating mechanism of corrosion reactions for Mg alloy and Zn mixed button cell.

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Brisach-Wittmeyer, Anne, Nicolas-Alexandre Bouchard, Raymond Breault, and Hugues Ménard. "Electrocatalytic hydrogenation of catechol on Rh–Al2O3 in different media — pH-Dependent reduction mechanism for intermediate formation." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 84, no. 12 (2006): 1640–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v06-169.

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The electrocatalytic hydrogenation of catechol was carried out in aqueous media in different pH ranges with Rh–Al2O3 powder catalyst. The reactions were conducted in an H-cell used as a dynamic cell, with a reticulated vitreous carbon electrode in contact with the catalyst powder as the working electrode. It was shown that the final product is 1,2-cyclohexanediol (cis and trans isomers) and that several intermediates are detected depending on the pH of the solution. Different media, from pH 5 to 13, were studied. One of the intermediates is 1,2-cyclohexanedione, detected at all pH values. The

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Mallem, Siva Pratap Reddy, Mallikarjuna Koduru, Kuppam Chandrasekhar, et al. "Potato Chip-Like 0D Interconnected ZnCo2O4 Nanoparticles for High-Performance Supercapacitors." Crystals 11, no. 5 (2021): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11050469.

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Zinc cobaltite (ZnCo2O4) is an emerging electrode material for supercapacitors due to its rich redox reactions involving multiple oxidation states and different ions. In the present work, potato chip-like 0D interconnected ZnCo2O4 nanoparticles (PIZCON) were prepared using a solvothermal approach. The prepared material was characterized using various analytical methods, including X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The possible formation mechanism of PIZCON was proposed. The PIZCON electrode material was systematically characterized for supercapacitor application. The ar

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Koyasu, Satoshi, Daiki Atarashi, Etsuo Sakai, and Masahiro Miyauchi. "Copper Sulfide Catalyzed Porous Fluorine-Doped Tin Oxide Counter Electrode for Quantum Dot-Sensitized Solar Cells with High Fill Factor." International Journal of Photoenergy 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5461030.

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The performance of quantum dot-sensitized solar cell (QDSSC) is mainly limited by chemical reactions at the interface of the counter electrode. Generally, the fill factor (FF) of QDSSCs is very low because of large charge transfer resistance at the interface between the counter electrode and electrolyte solution containing redox couples. In the present research, we demonstrate the improvement of the resistance by optimization of surface area and amount of catalyst of the counter electrode. A facile chemical synthesis was used to fabricate a composite counter electrode consisting of fluorine-do

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Powder electrode reactions"

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Mosley, S. E. "Electrochemical reactions using reactant incorporated powder electrodes." Thesis, De Montfort University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376474.

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Keough, James M. "Redox active tyrosines in photosystem II: role in proton coupled electron transfer reactions." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47738.

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Proton coupled electron transfer reactions often involve tyrosine residues, because when oxidized, the phenolic side chain deprotonates. Tyrosine Z (YZ) is responsible for extracting electrons in a stepwise fashion from the oxygen evolving-complex in order to build enough potential to oxidize water. This process requires that each step YZ must deprotonate and reprotonate in order to maintain the high midpoint potential that is necessary to oxidize the oxygen-evolving complex, which makes YZ highly involved in proton coupled electron transfer reactions. In this thesis YZ has been studied wit

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Oh, Yoontaek. "Effects of Electrochemical Reactions on Sustainable Power Generation from Salinity Gradients using Capacitive Reverse Electrodialysis." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin161375277977973.

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Kifune, Koichi, Miho Fujita, Mitsuru Sano, Motoharu Saitoh, and Koh Takahashi. "Electrochemical and Structural Properties of a 4.7 V-Class LiNi0.5Mn1.5 O 4 Positive Electrode Material Prepared with a Self-Reaction Method." The Electrochemical Society, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/18424.

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Giles, Gordon Lewis. "A study of the differential cross-section and analyzing powers of the pp-->[pi]+d reaction at intermediate energies." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25793.

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The polarized and unpolarized differential cross-sections and the analyzing power angular distributions of the pp→π⁺ d reaction have been measured to a statistical precision of better than one percent over several incident proton beam energies between 350 and 500 MeV for center-of-mass angles from 20° to 150°. The unpolarized differential cross-sections were measured at 350, 375, 425, and 475 MeV with unpolarized incident beams. The polarized differential cross-sections and analyzing powers were measured at 375, 450, and 498 MeV using polarized incident beams. Angular distributions of the unpo

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Hsin-YunChiang and 蔣欣芸. "Chemical reaction between Fe-Si-Cr alloy powder and inner electrode Ag during co-firing for multilayer alloy power inductors." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/xp9h33.

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碩士<br>國立成功大學<br>資源工程學系<br>106<br>In this study, multipurpose X-Ray thin-film diffractometer, transmission electron microscope (TEM), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to investigate the chemical reaction between Fe-Si-Cr alloy powder and internal electrode, silver, during co-firing for multilayer alloy power inductors. The experimental results show that oxygen not only promotes the volatilization and diffusion of Ag but also causes the printed circuit to become discontinuous or even disconnected, and it will also react with Ag and the volatile Cr2O3 to form a large amount of fla

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Books on the topic "Powder electrode reactions"

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Mosley, Stephen Ernest. Electrochemical reactions using reactant incorporated powder electrodes. Leicester Polytechnic, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Powder electrode reactions"

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Milan, M., and V. Nedeljko. "Electrocatalytic and Hydridic Theory for Hydrogen Electrode Reactions and Prediction of Synergetic Catalysts in the Light of Fermi Dynamics and Structural Bonding Factors." In Hydrogen Power: Theoretical and Engineering Solutions. Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9054-9_12.

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Atkins, Peter. "Electric Occurrence: Electrolysis." In Reactions. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199695126.003.0010.

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Electrolysis makes use of electric currents, a stream of electrons, to bring about chemical change. It puts electricity to work by using it to break or form bonds by forcing electrons on to molecules or sucking electrons out of them. Electrolysis is an application of the redox processes I described in Reaction 5, where I showed that reduction is the gain of electrons and that oxidation is their loss. All that happens in electrolysis is the use of an external supply of electrons from a battery or other direct-current (DC) source to push them on to a species and so bring about its reduction, or the use of the electron-sucking power of a battery to remove them from a species to bring about its oxidation. Electrolysis, in other words, is electrically driven reduction and oxidation. In fact, the process is rather broader than just forcing species to accept or give up electrons because, as I have hinted, molecules might respond to the change in their number of electrons by discarding or rearranging atoms. For instance, when water is electrolysed, the H–O bonds of the H2O molecules are broken and hydrogen and oxygen gases are formed. When an electric current is passed through molten common salt (sodium chloride, NaCl), metallic sodium and gaseous chlorine, Cl2, are formed. Electrolysis is a major technology in the chemical industry, for among other applications it is used to make chlorine, to purify copper, and to extract aluminium. To bring about electrolysis, two metal or graphite rods, the ‘electrodes’, are inserted into the molten substance or solution and connected to a DC electrical supply. The electrons that form the electric current enter the substance through one electrode (the ‘cathode’) and leave it through the other electrode (the ‘anode’). A molecule or ion close to the cathode is forced to collect one or more electrons from that electrode and be reduced. A molecule or ion close to the anode is forced to release them to that electrode and thereby become oxidized. A reasonably simple first example is the purification of copper.

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Llewellyn Smith, Chris, and David Ward. "Fusion energy." In Energy... beyond oil. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199209965.003.0009.

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Fusion powers the Sun and stars, and is potentially an environmentally responsible and intrinsically safe source of essentially limitless energy on earth. Experiments at the Joint European Torus (JET) in the UK, which has produced 16MW of fusion power, and at other facilities, have shown that fusion can be mastered on earth. Fusion power is still being developed, and will not be available as soon as we would like. We are confident that it will be possible to build viable fusion power stations, and it looks as if the cost of fusion power will be reasonable. But time is needed to further develop the technology in order to ensure that it would be reliable and economical, and to test in power station conditions the materials that would be used in its construction. Assuming no major surprises, an orderly fusion development programme— properly organized and funded—could lead to a prototype fusion power station putting electricity into the grid within 30 years, with commercial fusion power following some ten or more years later. A fusion power station is effectively a tiny ‘artificial sun’. Reactions between light atomic nuclei in which a heavier nucleus is formed with the release of energy are called fusion reactions. The reaction of primary interest as a source of power on Earth involves two isotopes of hydrogen (Deuterium and Tritium) fusing to form helium and a neutron: . . . D + T → 4He + n + energy (17.6 million electric volts [Me V]) (7.1) . . . Energy is liberated because Helium-4 is very tightly bound: it takes the form of kinetic energy, shared 14.1 MeV/3.5MeV between the neutron and the Helium-4 nucleus (a chemical reaction typically releases ∼1 eV [electron volt], which is the energy imparted to an electron when accelerated through 1 volt). To initiate the fusion reaction (1), a gas of deuterium and tritium must be heated to over 100 million◦C (henceforth: M◦C)—ten times hotter than the core of the Sun. At a few thousand degrees, inter-atomic collisions knock the electrons out of the atoms to form a mixture of separated nuclei and electrons known as a plasma.

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Atkins, Peter. "Two Hands Clapping: Redox Reactions." In Reactions. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199695126.003.0009.

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I promised in Reactions 3 and 4 to lead you to the promised land of the modern understanding of oxidation and reduction reactions. This is the section where these two great chemical rivers flow together and acquire great explanatory power and wide applicability. I have already shown that one great class of reactions, those between acids and bases (Reaction 2), takes place by the transfer of one fundamental particle, the proton. I shall now show you that oxidation and reduction reactions all take place by the transfer of another fundamental particle, in this case the proton’s cousin, the electron. Don’t be put off by the thought that in this unification of two great rivers I am embarking on a highly abstract, distant-from-reality account. All I am doing is looking for and presenting the essential step that is involved in these reactions. This is a bit like looking for the core idea of many sports, which is to get a projectile to move into a particular location, be it soccer, baseball shooting, darts, archery, or billiards. I hope you will begin to appreciate in the course of this chapter that when chemists carry out their reactions by stirring, boiling, and mixing, all they are doing is encouraging fundamental particles, in this case electrons but in Reaction 2 protons, to migrate from where they are found to where the chemist wants them to be. Industry does the same coaxing on a massive scale. My aim here is to show you that everything I discussed in Reactions 3 and 4 boils down to the consequences of the transfer of electrons from one species to another. You have already caught a glimpse of that process as we stood together perilously deep inside the blast furnace in Reaction 4 and saw that O2– ions transfer electrons to Fe3+ ions to bring about the reduction of the ore to the metal. Tighten your intellectual seat belt. I intend to develop the very sparse view that oxidation is the loss of electrons and reduction is their gain. That is the austere message to take from this chapter, but I will cloak it in velvet.

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Huang, Yi-June, and Chuan-Pei Lee. "Nanostructured Transition Metal Compounds as Highly Efficient Electrocatalysts for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells." In Solar Cells [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94021.

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Nowadays, the requirement of energy increases every year, however, the major energy resource is fossil fuel, a limiting source. Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are a promising renewable energy source, which could be the major power supply for the future. Recently, the transition metal component has been demonstrated as potential material for counter electrode of platinum (Pt)-free DSSCs owing to their excellent electrocatalytic ability and their abundance on earth. Furthermore, the transition metal components exist different special nanostructures, which provide high surface area and various electron transport routs during electrocatalytic reaction. In this chapter, transition metal components with different nanostructures used for the application of electrocatalyst in DSSCs will be introduced; the performance of electrocatalyst between intrinsic heterogeneous rate constant and effective electrocatalytic surface area are also be clarified. Final, the advantages of the electrocatalyst with different dimensions (i.e., one to three dimension structures) used in DSSCs are also summarized in the conclusion.

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Taber, Douglass F. "The Reisman Synthesis of (–)-Maoecrystal Z." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190200794.003.0087.

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(–)-Maoecrystal Z 3 was isolated as a minor constituent from the Chinese medicinal herb Isodon eriocalyx. The synthesis of 3 reported (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 14964) by Sarah E. Reisman of the California Institute of Technology, featuring as a key step the cyclization of 1 to 2, is a tribute to the power of one-electron reduction for carbon–carbon bond construction. The synthesis began with a Myers alkylation to prepare 6. The amide was reduced to the alcohol with the convenient ammonia–borane complex, and the alcohol was carried on to the iodide 7. The first carbocyclic ring of 3 was prepared by classic chemistry, the condensation of dimethyl malonate 9 with mesityl oxide 8, followed by selective removal of one of the ketone carbonyls. A salt-free Wittig reaction followed by hydrolysis, resolution, and reduction then completed the synthesis of 12. Exposure of 12 to peracid led to the epoxide 13 as an inconsequential mixture of diastereomers. The one-electron Nugent/RajanBabu/Gansäuer protocol was low yielding with methyl acrylate, but dramatically improved when the trifluoroethyl acrylate 14 was used as the acceptor. The lactone 15 was formed as a single diastereomer. Alkylation of 15 with 7 followed by oxidation gave 16, which was deprotected and oxidized to give 1. The cascade cyclization of 1 presumably proceeded by initial one-electron reduction of the more accessible aldehyde. The cyclization of the resulting radical onto the alkene may have been assisted by complexation of the lactone carbonyl with the required second equivalent of SmI2. The Sm enolate so prepared was then added to the second aldehyde to give 2. This cyclization sets one quaternary and three ternary stereogenic centers. Attempted monoprotection of 2 was not successful, so the bis acetate was prepared and ozonized, and the aldehyde was condensed with Eschenmoser’s salt to give 17. Careful monohydrolysis then completed the synthesis of (–)-maoecrystal Z 3

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Jolivet, Jean-Pierre. "Water and Metal Cations in Solution." In Metal Oxide Nanostructures Chemistry. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190928117.003.0005.

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Water has an exceptional ability to dissolve minerals. It is safe and chemically stable, and it remains liquid over a wide temperature range. Thus, it is the best solvent and reaction medium for both laboratory and industrial purposes. Water is able to dissolve ionic and ionocovalent solids because of the high polarity of the molecule (dipole moment μ = 1.84 Debye) as well as the high dielectric constant of the liquid (ε = 78.5 at 25°C). This high polarity allows water to exhibit a strong solvating power: that is, the ability to fix onto ions as a result of electrical dipolar interactions. Water is also an ionizing liquid able to polarize an ionocovalent molecule. For example, the solvolysis phenomenon increases the polarization of the HCl molecule in aqueous solution. Finally, owing to the high dielectric constant of the liquid, water is a dissociating solvent that can decrease the electrostatic forces between solvated cations and anions, allowing their dispersion as H+solvated and Cl−solvated through the liquid. (The attractive force F between charges q and q′ separated by the distance r is given by Coulomb’s law, F = qq′/εr2.) These characteristics are rarely found together in common liquids. The dipole moment of the ethanol molecule (μ = 1.69 Debye) is close to that of water, but the dielectric constant of ethanol is much lower (ε = 24.3). Ethanol is a good solvating liquid, but a poor dissociating one; consequently, it is considered a bad solvent of ionic compounds. Dissolution in water of an ionic solid such as sodium chloride is limited to dipolar interactions with Na+ and Cl− ions and their dispersion in the liquid as solvated ions, regardless of the pH of the solution. Cations with higher charge, especially cations of transition metals, retain a fixed number of water molecules, thereby forming a true coordination complex [M(OH2)N]z+ with a well-defined geometry. In addition to the dipolar interactions, water molecules behave as true ligands because they are Lewis bases exerting an electron σ-donor effect on the empty orbitals of the cation.

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Conference papers on the topic "Powder electrode reactions"

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Tariq, Hanan Abdurehman, Abdul Shakoor, Jeffin James, Umair Nisar, and Ramzan Kahraman. "Combustion-Free Synthesis of Lithium Manganese Oxide Composites with CNTs/GNPs by Chemical Coprecipitation for Energy Storage Devices." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0004.

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Nano Spinel Lithium Manganese Oxide (LiMn2O4) was distributed properly on carbon nanotubes ( CNTs) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) using chemical coprecipitation method. The original particle size was less than 40 nm, and the average size of the crystallite was 20 nm without the application of any capping agents. Characteristic spectra of spinel structure and a peak of CNTs & GNPs obtained using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). CNTs and GNPs in energy storage systems improve the rate capabilities and cyclic efficiency of cathode materials. The suggested technique, chemical coprecipitation

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Nishida, Kousuke, Toshimi Takagi, and Shinichi Kinoshita. "Analysis of Electrochemical Performance and Exergy Loss in Solid Oxide Fuel Cell." In ASME Turbo Expo 2003, collocated with the 2003 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2003-38094.

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A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is expected to be applied to the distributed energy systems because of its high thermal efficiency and exhaust gas utilization. The exhaust heat from the SOFC can be transferred to the electric power by a gas turbine, and the high efficiency power generation can be achieved by constructing the SOFC and gas turbine hybrid system. In this study, the local processes in the electrodes and electrolyte of unit SOFC are analyzed taking into account the heat conduction, mass diffusion, electrode reactions and the transport of electron and oxygen ion. The temperature and

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Kang, Ki Moon, Hyo-Won Kim, Il-Wun Shim, and Ho-Young Kwak. "Syntheses of Specialty Nanomaterials at the Multibubble Sonoluminescence Condition." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-68320.

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In recent years, a large number of nano-size semiconductors have been investigated for their potential applications in photovoltaic cells, optical sensor devices, and photocatalysts [1, 2, 3]. Nano-size semiconductor particles have many interesting properties due mainly to their size-dependent electronic and optical properties. Appropriately, many speciality of nanomaterials such as CdS and ZnS semiconductor particles, and other metal oxides such as ZnO and lithium-titanate oxide (LTO) have been prepared. However, most of them were prepared with toxic reactants and/or complex multistep reactio

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Khabbazi, Ali Ebrahimi, and Mina Hoorfar. "Modeling of Microfluidic Fuel Cells With Flow-Through Porous Electrodes." In ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2010-33220.

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This paper presents a modeling of a microfluidic fuel cell with flow-through porous electrodes using vanadium redox couples as the fuel and oxidant. There are advantages associated with the use of vanadium redox species in microfluidic fuel cell: 1) vanadium redox couples have the possibility of producing high open-circuit potential (up to 1.7 V at uniform PH [1]); 2) they have high solubility (up to 5.4 M) which causes more species available to the electrodes; 3) they do not require metal catalyst for electrochemical reactions so the reactions take place on the bare carbon electrodes. This ch

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Khabbazi, Ali Ebrahimi, Andrew Richards, and Mina Hoorfar. "Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Different Channel Geometries and Electrode Materials on the Performance of Microfluidic Fuel Cells." In ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30772.

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A typical microfluidic fuel cell is comprised of a Y- or T-shaped microchannel. The fuel and the oxidant streams are introduced from the two different inlets. The anodic and cathodic flows meet each other at the beginning of the main channel and start to travel together along the channel. Due to the fact that the viscous forces dominate the inertia forces in microchannels, the oxidant and the fuel streams establish a side-by-side co-laminar flow which makes the anolyte and catholyte flow together without turbulent mixing. Laminar flow in microfluidic fuel cells plays the role of the membrane i

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Wahab, M. A., Jiandong Liang, and Shengmin Guo. "Effect of Conductivity and Environmental Pressure on Electro-Plasma Process (EPP)." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-12863.

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Electrolytic plasma process is an efficient surface modification method for metallic materials. With proper control of the process parameters Electro-Plasma Process (EPP) could generate unique surface morphology, which is suitable for effective cleaning of the metallic surfaces and inherently, good adhesion strength can be achieved for eventual coating the surfaces. Increasing input voltage beyond the conventional Faraday region of electrolysis, luminous discharge is observed on the surface of one of the electrodes. The electrode surface must be covered by layers of bubbles before the discharg

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Lee, Shuo-Jen, and Jian-Jang Lai. "Evaluation of Electrode Agitation Effects on Electropolishing Process." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60152.

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Electropolishing(EP) is a surface treatment process which improves the surface roughness and enhances the surface quality by electrochemical reactions. The system is composed of an anode, a cathode, a power supply and viscous electrolyte. From the electrochemical reactions, the anodic metallic dissolution will leave off the surface and formed a viscous layer to enhance the surface quality, especially in stainless steels. It improves for the chrome to iron ratio and reduces the surface activity to avoid the surface corrosion from environment. From the anodic dissolution, the water may also be e

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Shi, Yu, and Jiyun Zhao. "A Dynamic Model Incorporating the Effects of the Ion Diffusion and Side Reactions for the Vanadium/Air Redox Flow Battery." In ASME 2018 12th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2018 Power Conference and the ASME 2018 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2018-7120.

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The vanadium/air redox flow battery working performance will be affected by many factors, including the quality of the membrane used and the working conditions. The crossover rate of vanadium ions for the membrane can determine the capacity due to the ion diffusion and the side reactions. The high reaction temperature for the VARFB also influence the diffusion coefficient. Based on Fick’s Law, by using Arrhenius Equation to predict the temperature effect, and take into consider that the mass balance for each reacting ions and reaction temperature, the dynamic modelling on capacity decay can be

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Pozin, A., M. Averbukh, and S. Sukoriansky. "Power Efficiency Optimization of Vanadium Redox Batteries Based on Experimental Analysis of Electrolyte Flow Through Carbon Felt of Electrodes." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-36295.

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The Vanadium Redox Flow Battery (VRB) represents a significant opportunity for future Energy Storage Systems (ESS), which will be the crucial element in Renewable Power Plants. Main expectations of VRB relate to its prolonged service life, high-energy efficiency, outstanding dynamic response and flexible controllability during charge/discharge processes. The typical cell of VRB consists of two compartments (positive and negative) divided by a proton exchange membrane (PEM). The carbon electrodes in each compartment provide the electrochemical reduction-oxidation reactions in electrolyte. Carbo

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Miley, G. H., C. Castano, A. Lipson, S. O. Kim, and N. Luo. "Progress in Development of a Low Energy Reaction Cell for Distributed Power Applications." In 10th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone10-22148.

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Power units using Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENRs) potentially offer a radical new approach to power units that could provide distributed power units in the 1–50 kW range. As described in prior ICONE papers [9, 23] these cells employ thin metallic film cathodes (order of 500 Å, using variously Ni, Pd and Ti) with electrolytes such as 0.5–1 molar lithium sulfates in light water. Power densities exceeding 10 W/cc in the films have been achieved. An ultimate goal is to incorporate this thin-film technology into a “tightly packed” cell design where the film material occupies ∼ 20% of the total

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