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Journal articles on the topic 'Powder or granular activated carbon'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 8 June 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Hassan, Suhad Majed, and Bushra Suhale Albusoda. "Mitigation of collapse characteristics of gypseous soils by activated carbon, sodium metasilicate, and cement dust: An experimental study." Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Materials 31, no. 1 (2022): 631–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jmbm-2022-0065.

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Abstract This study includes adding chemicals to gypseous soil to improve its collapse characteristics. The collapse behavior of gypseous soil brought from the north of Iraq (Salah El-Deen governorate) with a gypsum content of 59% was investigated using five types of additions (cement dust, powder sodium meta-silicate, powder activated carbon, sodium silicate solution, and granular activated carbon). The soil was mixed by weight with cement dust (10, 20, and 30%), powder sodium meta-silicate (6%), powder activated carbon (10%), sodium silicate solution (3, 6, and 9%), and granular activated ca

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2

Guergazi, Saâdia, and Mohamed Mahdi Missaoui. "Incidence of the Presence of Lead on the Elimination of Humic Substances." Key Engineering Materials 723 (December 2016): 645–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.723.645.

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The main objective of our work is to test the performance of powder activated carbon (PAC) and granular activated carbon (GAC) in the retention of humic substances in the presence of lead. The adsorption tests conducted in synthetic solutions of distilled water. The results showed that, the removal efficiency of humic substances varies with the agitation time was obtained maximum efficiency after 180 minutes for PAC and 300 for the GAC. However, on granular activated carbon (GAC) recorded an improvement in the removal of humic substances in the order of 1.60%. The reaction rate is the same for

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3

Khalaf Erabee, Iqbal, and Saleem M. Ethaib. "Performane of Activated Carbon Adsorption in Removing of Organic Pollutants from River Water." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.20 (2018): 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.20.26134.

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This study presents a water treatment process by using a down-flow fixed bed activated carbon contractor model. Two types of activated carbon (AC) used, powder and granular activated carbon from date pits as a raw material, the parameters tested are biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solid (TSS), total dissolved solid (TDS) and pH. The column diameter and bed depths are made constant, whereas the size of activated carbon is varies. The obtained removal efficiencies for sample of river water are 39.8% of BOD, 41.8% of COD, 81.8% of TSS and 67.7% of TD

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4

Yang, Kun, and John T. Fox. "Adsorption of Humic Acid by Acid-Modified Granular Activated Carbon and Powder Activated Carbon." Journal of Environmental Engineering 144, no. 10 (2018): 04018104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0001390.

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5

Song, Yang, Fang Wang, Fredrick Orori Kengara, et al. "Does powder and granular activated carbon perform equally in immobilizing chlorobenzenes in soil?" Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts 17, no. 1 (2015): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4em00486h.

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The objective of this study is to compare the efficacies of powder activated carbon (PAC) and granular activated carbon (GAC) as amendments for the immobilization of volatile compounds in soil. Soil artificially-spiked with chlorobenzenes (CBs) was amended with either PAC or GAC to obtain an application rate of 1%.

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Aktaş, Ö., and F. Çeçen. "Adsorption reversibility and bioregeneration of activated carbon in the treatment of phenol." Water Science and Technology 55, no. 10 (2007): 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.327.

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This study aims to clarify the effect of adsorbability, desorbability, biodegradability and activated carbon type on the extent of bioregeneration in the treatment of phenol. For this purpose, four different activated carbon types; one thermally activated and one chemically activated powdered carbon (PAC), and their granular countertypes (GAC) with similar physical characteristics were used. Adsorption isotherms showed that the thermally activated carbons, either in powdered or granular form, were better adsorbers for phenol than the chemically activated ones. However, adsorption was more irre

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7

Vu, Kim Long, Vitaly N. Klushin, Alexey V. Nistratov, Hoang Thi Tho, and Tran Thi Bich Ngoc. "Improving the properties of activated carbons based on organoplastics by chemical activation with potassium hydroxide (KOH)." Butlerov Communications 60, no. 10 (2019): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.37952/roi-jbc-01/19-60-10-99.

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The possibility of processing wastes based on organoplastics generated at aviation enterprises into activated carbons by chemical activation using potassium hydroxide has been investigated. Powdered and granular activated carbons with a porous structure, characterized by the predominance of micropores or mesopores, are obtained that are superior in many respects to both adsorbents based on organoplastics and most industrial active carbons. The specific surface area of micropores of the obtained granular activated carbons is 1716 m2/g, the absorption capacity is 365 mg/g for methylene blue and

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8

Liu, Wei, and Sabit Adanur. "Desulfurization Properties of Activated Carbon Fibers." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 9, no. 2 (2014): 155892501400900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501400900208.

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Activated carbon fibers (ACFs) are one of the most promising adsorbents due to their outstanding properties, such as more exposed adsorption surface, narrower pore size distribution, fast adsorption rate and flexibility, in comparison with granular activated carbon and activated carbon powder. In this work, ACFs manufactured from various raw materials were studied and their pore structures and sulfur dioxide removal performance under dry and humid conditions were investigated. From the ACFs studied in this paper, larger surface area was found correspond to higher total pore volume and larger D

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9

binti Jamion, Nurul’ Ain, and Siti Mazleena binti Mohamed. "Characterization of Activated Carbon from Sugar Cane Husk." Applied Mechanics and Materials 699 (November 2014): 1006–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.699.1006.

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Interface adsorption of gases and liquid on a clean solid surface could be due to the physical or chemical adsorption. In this study, the activated carbon was prepared from sugar cane husk (powder and granular form) using phosphoric acid (H3PO4) as activating agent. Sample was activated at 500°C for two hours in the furnace and washed using vacuum method. Besides, surface area of activated carbon was defined using Single Point Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) Nitrogen Gas. The physico-chemical characteristics of the prepared activated carbon were characterized by Fourier-Transformed Infrared Spect

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10

Gül, Ş., O. Eren, Ş. Kır, and Y. Önal. "A comparison of different activated carbon performances on catalytic ozonation of a model azo reactive dye." Water Science and Technology 66, no. 1 (2012): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.103.

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The objective of this study is to compare the performances of catalytic ozonation processes of two activated carbons prepared from olive stone (ACOS) and apricot stone (ACAS) with commercial ones (granular activated carbon-GAC and powder activated carbon-PAC) in degradation of reactive azo dye (Reactive Red 195). The optimum conditions (solution pH and amount of catalyst) were investigated by using absorbencies at 532, 220 and 280 nm wavelengths. Pore properties of the activated carbon (AC) such as BET surface area, pore volume, pore size distribution, and pore diameter were characterized by N

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11

Moreno-Castilla, Carlos, and José Rivera-Utrilla. "Carbon Materials as Adsorbents for the Removal of Pollutants from the Aqueous Phase." MRS Bulletin 26, no. 11 (2001): 890–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2001.230.

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Activated carbons are the most important carbon materials used in water treatment. Their known world production is around 500,000 tons per year, of which about 80% is used for liquid-phase applications. These solids are manufactured in powder or granular form from a large variety of raw materials and are unique and versatile adsorbents due to their highly developed porosity, their large surface area (which in some cases can be up to 3000 m2/g), and their variable surface chemistry.

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12

Seyedein Ghannad, S. M. R., та M. N. Lotfollahi. "Preparation of granular activated carbons from composite of powder activated carbon and modified β-zeolite and application to heavy metals removal". Water Science and Technology 77, № 6 (2018): 1591–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2018.036.

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Abstract Heavy metals are continuously contaminating the surface and subsurface water. The adsorption process is an attractive alternative for removing the heavy metals because of its low cost, simple operation, high efficiency, and ﬂexible design. In this study, influences of β-zeolite and Cu-modified β-zeolite on preparation of granular activated carbons (GACs) from a composite of powder activated carbon (PAC), methylcellulose as organic binder, bentonite as inorganic binder, and water were investigated. A number of granular samples were prepared by controlling the weight percentage of binde

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13

Dong, Wei Fang, Li Hua Zang, Qing Chao Gong, et al. "Application of Carbonaceous Materials to Phenol Removal from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption." Applied Mechanics and Materials 164 (April 2012): 297–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.164.297.

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Low cost carbonaceous materials were evaluated for their ability to remove phenol from wastewater. The effects of adsorbents dosage, contact time and maximum adsorption capacity were investigated for granular activated carbon, powdered activated carbon, petroleum coke and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT). Equilibrium studies were conducted in 50mg/L initial phenol concentration, solution pH of 5 and at temperature of 23°C. The results showed the adsorption process was fast and it reached equilibrium in 3 h. Petroleum coke and MWNT had poor adsorption which could reach the removal efficiency

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14

San-Pedro, Liliana, Roger Méndez-Novelo, Emanuel Hernández-Núñez, Manuel Flota-Bañuelos, Jorge Medina, and Germán Giacomán-Vallejos. "Selection of the Activated Carbon Type for the Treatment of Landfill Leachate by Fenton-Adsorption Process." Molecules 25, no. 13 (2020): 3023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25133023.

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Sanitary landfill leachates usually have characteristics that depend on the region where they are generated and according to the age of the landfill, which is why a unique treatment for their sanitation has not been found. However, the adsorption preceded by the Fenton process has been proven to be highly efficient at removing contaminants. In this study, the adsorptive capacity of two types of activated carbon, granular and powdered, was analyzed to determine which was more efficient in the adsorption stage in the Fenton-adsorption process. Likewise, its behavior was analyzed using three isot

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15

Suryawan, I. Wayan Koko, Anshah Silmi Afifah, and Gita Prajati. "Adsorbsi Warna Metylen Blue Menggunakan Powder dan Granular Activated Carbon Biji Binjai (Mangifera Caesia)." JTERA (Jurnal Teknologi Rekayasa) 3, no. 2 (2018): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.31544/jtera.v3.i2.2018.211-218.

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Zat warna metylen blue adalah zat warna yang mudah didapat dan sering digunakan dalam berbagai bidang. Pewarna metylen blue yang digunakan harus diolah agar tidak terjadi pencemaran air, salah satu cara adalah dengan menggunakan adsorbsi. Proses adsorbsi membutuhkan adsorbet untuk media pengolahan. Binjai (Mangafera Caesia) adalah buah yang sering ditemui di daerah Bali dan Kalimantan Selatan. Biji buah Binjai dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai salah satu bahan adsorbet dalam proses adsorbsi. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah mengetahui proses adsorbsi oleh Powder Activated Carbon (PAC) dan Granular

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16

Wasewar, Kailas L., Basheshwar Prasad, and Sekhararao Gulipalli. "Removal of Selenium by Adsorption onto Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) and Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC)." CLEAN - Soil, Air, Water 37, no. 11 (2009): 872–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/clen.200900188.

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17

Karabacakoğlu, Belgin, and Öznur Savlak. "Electrochemical Regeneration of Cr(VI) Saturated Granular and Powder Activated Carbon: Comparison of Regeneration Efficiency." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 53, no. 33 (2014): 13171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie500161d.

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18

Obón, José M., José A. Fernández-López, Mercedes Alacid, and José M. Angosto. "Spinning Submerged Filter Adsorber versus Packed Bed Adsorber for the Continuous Removal of Antibiotics from Wastewater with Activated Carbon." Water 15, no. 9 (2023): 1726. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15091726.

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The removal of antibiotics from wastewater is receiving considerable attention to fulfill water quality parameters required for reuse. This study compares a spinning submerged filter adsorber with a fixed bed adsorber for continuous antibiotic removal. Adsorbers were evaluated with micro granular activated carbon (μGAC: 508 μm), coarse powder activated carbon (cPAC: 197 μm), powder activated carbon (PAC: 77 μm), and a domestic wastewater effluent spiked with a mixture of amoxicillin, sulfamethoxazole, and levofloxacin with concentrations ranging from 10 to 50 mg/L. The fixed bed adsorber packe

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19

Musthofa, Akhmad Masykur Hadi, Mindriany Syafila, and Qomarudin Helmy. "Effect of Activated Carbon Particle Size on Methylene Blue Adsorption Process in Textile Wastewater." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 23, no. 2 (2023): 461. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.79784.

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Up to 60–70% of the total textile dyes produced are azo dyes. An example of azo dye is methylene blue, which is commonly used in dyeing wool, silk, and cotton. This substance possessed harmful effects on the environment. Therefore, the removal process is mandatory. The adsorption process is a common method for dye removal in wastewater. One innovation to increase adsorption efficiency even further is by reducing adsorbent particle size. To understand the effect of adsorbent particle size on the adsorption process, in this study, granular activated carbon (GAC) was pulverized into powder (PAC)

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20

Feng, Quan Li, Ming Lei Lian, Xue Qian Wang, and Ping Ning. "Study on Desorption of Ethanol-Loaded Activated Carbon by Microwave Irradiation under N₂ Condition." Advanced Materials Research 396-398 (November 2011): 1819–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.396-398.1819.

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Granular activated carbon is used in adsorption of low concentration ethanol in water, and the saturated carbon is desorbed by microwave irradiation under N2 condition for recovery of the ethanol and regeneration of the activated carbon. Through the study on microwave desorption of ethanol-loaded activated carbon under N2 condition, the following conclusions can be drawn. The highest value of the ethanol concentration appears quicker and higher when the microwave power is stronger. For example, the highest value appears before 80s when the microwave power is 320W; the ethanol-loaded activated

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21

Brasquet, C., J. Roussy, E. Subrenat, and P. Le Cloirec. "Adsorption of micropollutants onto fibrous activated carbon: association of ultrafiltration and fibers." Water Science and Technology 34, no. 9 (1996): 215–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0215.

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The adsorption of polluted solutions is performed by different kinds of activated carbon: grains, powder and fibers (cloth or felt). The adsorption is carried out in a batch reactor. Classic models are applied and kinetic constants are calculated. Results showed that the performance of fiber activated carbon (FAC) is significantly higher than that of granular activated carbon (GAC). Moreover, FAC's adsorption capacities of phenol are greater than GAC's. Therefore the application of FAC adsorbers may lead to smaller adsorption reactors. The breakthrough curves obtained with FAC adsorbers are pa

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22

Yadav, Nirbhay Narayan, Saravanamuthu Maheswaran, Vaithiyalingam Shutthanandan, et al. "Comparison of Analytical Techniques for Analysis of Arsenic Adsorbed on Carbon." Water Quality Research Journal 41, no. 2 (2006): 185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2006.021.

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Abstract Activated carbon (AC) has been used extensively to treat arsenic-contaminated groundwater for a number of years. To date, attempts to quantify directly the amount of arsenic removed by the activated carbon using nondestructive methods has been limited. High-energy ion beam based proton induced x-ray emission (PIXE) is ideally suited to investigate the issues regarding the quantification of trace metals in solids. In this study, after the adsorption of arsenic on activated carbon, arsenic concentration in granular activated carbon (GAC) and powder activated carbon (PAC) were quantified

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23

Hanigan, David, Jinwei Zhang, Pierre Herckes, Stuart W. Krasner, Chao Chen, and Paul Westerhoff. "Adsorption ofN-Nitrosodimethylamine Precursors by Powdered and Granular Activated Carbon." Environmental Science & Technology 46, no. 22 (2012): 12630–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es302922w.

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Shmidt, J. L., A. V. Pimenov, A. I. Lieberman, and H. Y. Cheh. "Kinetics of Adsorption with Granular, Powdered, and Fibrous Activated Carbon." Separation Science and Technology 32, no. 13 (1997): 2105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01496399708000758.

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25

Xiao, Leilei, Jian Liu, P. Senthil Kumar, Meng Zhou, Jiafeng Yu, and Eric Lichtfouse. "Enhanced methane production by granular activated carbon: A review." Fuel 320 (July 2022): 123903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2022.123903.

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26

Guarino, C. F., B. P. Da-Rin, A. Gazen, and E. P. Goettems. "Activated Carbon as an Advanced Treatment for Petrochemical Wastewaters." Water Science and Technology 20, no. 10 (1988): 115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1988.0131.

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This paper presents the results of a study conducted with the purpose of establishing the feasibility of using activated carbon as an advanced treatment process for petrochemical wastewaters. Two pilot plants using Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC) and Granular Activated Carbon (GAC), respectively, were operated for a period of 15 weeks, fed with the effluent of a petrochemical wastewater treatment plant. The study was made using all available Brazilian carbons at the time. Isotherm tests and other carbon properties were used to select the carbons for GAC and PAC plants. The two pilot plants wer

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Roebers, A., Th Roncken, R. Hopman, et al. "Activated Carbon as an Adsorbent for the Separation of Low-Molecular Alkyl Halides from Ground Water in the Production of Drinking-Water." Adsorption Science & Technology 5, no. 1 (1988): 13–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026361748800500103.

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An accurate method has been developed for the determination of the adsorption isotherm of trichloroethene on activated carbon over the concentration range 1 – 100 μg/1. This method has been applied to 18 samples of activated carbon of different types, both virgin and regenerated. All samples of activated carbon were characterized by determining the apparent density of the granular and the powdered carbon, and the Fe, Mn, Ca and Mg contents were determined for eight samples. The best way to describe the results mathematically has been investigated, and an improvement to the well-known Freundlic

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Abu-Daabes, Malyuba A., Edrees Abu Zeitoun, and Wafa Mazi. "Competitive Adsorption of Quaternary Metal Ions, Ni2+, Mn2+, Cr6+, and Cd2+, on Acid-Treated Activated Carbon." Water 15, no. 6 (2023): 1070. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15061070.

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This paper examined the competitive removal of metal ions from quaternary aqueous solutions containing Ni2+, Mn2+, Cr6+, and Cd2+ using adsorption on both acid-modified and unmodified activated carbon. Activated carbon (AC) was oxidized with nitric acid, both in granular (AGC) and powder (APC) forms, and tested for the competitive adsorption of Ni2+, Mn2+, Cr6+, and Cd2+ from an aqueous solution. Surface oxidation led to a reduction in BET surface area and HK pore width and an increase in the intensities of hydroxyl and carboxyl functional groups for both AGC and APC compared to unmodified act

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29

Mohammed, Shatha D., Hadeel K. Awad, and Rawaa K. Aboud. "Compressive Strength Performance of Reactive Powder Concrete Using Different Types of Materials as a Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate." Key Engineering Materials 857 (August 2020): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.857.39.

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Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC) can be incorporate as a one of the most important and progressive concrete technology. It is a special type of ultra-high strength concrete (UHSC) that’s exclude the coarse aggregate from its constitutive materials. In this research an experimental study had been carried out to investigate the effect of using three types of materials (porcelain aggregate) and others sustainable materials (glass waste and granular activated carbon) as a partial replacement of fine aggregate. Four percentages had considered (0, 10, 15 and 20) % to achieve better understanding for t

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30

Fu, Yi, Luo Chun Wang, and Zhen Zhou. "Microwave Regeneration of Field-Spent Granular Activated Carbon from Power Plants." Advanced Materials Research 356-360 (October 2011): 2065–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.356-360.2065.

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Granular activated carbon (GAC) is extensively used to remove natural organic matter and residential chlorine in water treatment process of power plant. After being used, the spent GAC needs to be regenerated in order to save on operation costs and reduce solid waste disposal. In this study, microwave technique was tried to regenerate the field-spent GAC from a power plant. The effect of microwave power, irradiation time and hydrochloric acid pretreatment were investigated, it was found that microwave could recover the adsorption capacity of GAC within a short time and the tannic acid adsorpti

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31

Liyan, Song, Zhao Youcai, Sun Weimin, and Lou Ziyang. "Hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOCs) removal from biologically treated landfill leachate by powder-activated carbon (PAC), granular-activated carbon (GAC) and biomimetic fat cell (BFC)." Journal of Hazardous Materials 163, no. 2-3 (2009): 1084–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.07.075.

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Sulaymon, Abbas H., and Ziad T. Abd Ali. "REMOVAL OF KEROSENE FROM WASTE WATER USING IRAQI BENTONITE." Journal of Engineering 16, no. 03 (2010): 5422–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2010.03.11.

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The aim of the present research is to study the potentiality of Iraqi bentonite as adsorbent for removing of kerosene from wastewater. Also the capacity of bentonite for kerosene removal was compared to the activated carbon capacity. The sorption of kerosene onto bentonite and AC. were described by two well – known adsorption isotherm models namely Langmuir and Freundlich models. It was found that the Freundlich model can fit very well the equilibrium isotherm adsorption of kerosene onto bentonite and AC. Batch experiments were carried out to study the effect of adsorption of kerosene onto ben

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Shrestha, Lok Kumar, Rekha Goswami Shrestha, Subrata Maji, et al. "High Surface Area Nanoporous Graphitic Carbon Materials Derived from Lapsi Seed with Enhanced Supercapacitance." Nanomaterials 10, no. 4 (2020): 728. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10040728.

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Nanoporous activated carbon materials derived from agro-wastes could be suitable low-cost electrode materials for high-rate performance electrochemical supercapacitors. Here we report high surface area nanoporous carbon materials derived from Lapsi seed agro-waste prepared by zinc chloride (ZnCl2) activation at 700 °C. Powder X-ray diffraction (pXRD) and Raman scattering confirmed the amorphous structure of the resulting carboniferous materials, which also incorporate oxygen-containing functional groups as confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Scanning and transmission e

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34

Woo, Heesoo, Ilho Kim, and Saerom Park. "Estimating the Reducing Power of Carbon Nanotubes and Granular Activated Carbon Using Various Compounds." Water 13, no. 14 (2021): 1959. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13141959.

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Determining the degree of the reducing power of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and granular activated carbon (GAC) enables their effective application in various fields. In this study, we estimate the reducing power of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and GAC by measuring the reduction degree of various compounds with different reduction potentials. MWCNTs and GAC materials can reduce Cr(VI), Fe(III) and PMo12O403−, where the reduction potentials range from +1.33 V to +0.65 V. However, no reduced forms of PW12O403− and SiW12O404− compounds were detected, indicating that the reducing power of MW

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35

Feng, Quan Li, Xue Qian Wang, Yu Jia, and Ping Ning. "Study on Microwave Combined with Active Carbon for the COD Remove of Amoxicillin Wastewater." Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (February 2013): 1348–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.1348.

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This paper makes the amoxicillin production wastewater as the research target and uses the microwave-activated carbon to treat this kind of wastewater. The results show that 6g of the 60 purpose granular activated carbon mixed with 50ml of the wastewater that diluted 10 times and the pH value is 9 under the condition that irradiated power up to 480W and the irradiation time for 7min, the COD removal rates is up to 96.38% and the effluent COD value is 48.28mg/L.

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36

Cukierman, Ana Lea. "Development and Environmental Applications of Activated Carbon Cloths." ISRN Chemical Engineering 2013 (March 14, 2013): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/261523.

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Activated carbon cloths have received growing attention because they offer comparative advantages over the traditional powdered or granular forms of this well-known adsorbent, providing further potential uses for technological innovations in several fields. The present article provides an overview of research studies and advances concerned with the development of activated carbon cloths and their use as adsorbent in environmental applications, mostly reported in the last years. The influence of some fabrics and textile wastes used as precursors, and of main activation process variables on the

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Mišković, D., B. Dalmacija, Z. Hain, E. Karlović, S. Marić, and N. Uzelac. "Investigation of an Innovative Technology for Oil-Field Brine Treatment." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 12 (1989): 1849–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0185.

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Various aspects of an innovative technology for oil field brine treatment were investigated on a laboratory scale. The both free and dispersed oily matter were separated by gravitation and sedimentation. Apart from the physico-chemical oil removal process, special attention was paid to different variants of improved microbiological treatment: dilution with fresh water and application of powdered activated carbon (PAC). Advanced treatment was carried out on granular biological activated carbon (GBAC). A technological scheme for complete treatment was proposed.

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Kumagai, Seiji, Hirotaka Ishizawa, and Yasuhiro Toida. "Influence of solvent type on dibenzothiophene adsorption onto activated carbon fiber and granular coconut-shell activated carbon." Fuel 89, no. 2 (2010): 365–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2009.08.013.

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Hirai, Aya, Masashige Suzuki, Kaito Sato, Toru Hoshi, and Takao Aoyagi. "Adsorption Capacity of Activated Carbon-Encapsulated Hollow-Type Spherical Bacterial Cellulose Gels for Uremic Toxins in a Simulated Human Gastrointestinal Environment." Gels 10, no. 7 (2024): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels10070417.

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To reduce the risk of the adsorption of granular activated carbon in the gastrointestinal tract, we successfully produced a hollow-type spherical bacterial cellulose (HSBC) gel containing activated carbon with a particle size of 6 μm. In this study, the aim of which was to develop an effective formulation, we evaluated the stability of activated-carbon-encapsulating HSBC gels under various pH conditions. Activated-carbon-encapsulating HSBC gels (ACEGs) retained the activated carbon without leaking when subjected to agitation in acidic or basic environments. The saturated adsorption amount, cal

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Kim, S. H., H. K. Shon, and H. H. Ngo. "Adsorption characteristics of antibiotics trimethoprim on powdered and granular activated carbon." Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 16, no. 3 (2010): 344–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2009.09.061.

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Kaleta, Jadwiga, Małgorzata Kida, Piotr Koszelnik, Dorota Papciak, Alicja Puszkarewicz, and Barbara Tchórzewska-Cieślak. "The use of activated carbons for removing organic matter from groundwater." Archives of Environmental Protection 43, no. 3 (2017): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aep-2017-0031.

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AbstractThe article presents research results of the introduction of powdery activated carbon to the existing technological system of the groundwater treatment stations in a laboratory, pilot plant and technical scale. The aim of the research was to reduce the content of organic compounds found in the treated water, which create toxic organic chlorine compounds (THM) after disinfection with chlorine. Nine types of powdery active carbons were tested in laboratory scale. The top two were selected for further study. Pilot plant scale research was carried out for the filter model using CWZ-30 and

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Cansado, Isabel Pestana da Paixão, Paulo Alexandre Mira Mourão, and José Eduardo dos Santos Félix Castanheiro. "Performance of Regenerated Activated Carbons on Pesticides Removal from the Aqueous Phase." Processes 11, no. 8 (2023): 2496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11082496.

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Adsorbents presenting high adsorption capacity, fast adsorption rate, easy regeneration, and a good possibility for reusability are ideal for removing 4-chloro-2-methyl-phenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) or other pesticides from wastewater. Here, the effects of regeneration treatments on adsorption–desorption cycles are examined using two commercial activated carbons (ACs) (Merck and Norit 1240 X). MCPA adsorption was fast on Merck and Norit ACs in powder form (6 h) but on Norit AC, in granular form, adsorption was too slow, and the equilibrium time was reached only after 288 h. MCPA adsorption kinetic

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Kasalica, Kristina, Natalija Petronijevic, Jelena Radulovic, et al. "Adsorption analysis of PFOA on activated carbon and ion-exchange resin: A comparative study using four isotherm models." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society, no. 00 (2024): 97. https://doi.org/10.2298/jsc241120097k.

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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), known as "forever chemicals", are highly persistent environmental pollutants due to their strong carbon-fluorine bonds. Widely used across industries and consumer products, PFAS have accumulated in the environment, raising concerns about their bioaccumulation, toxicity, and mobility. Adsorption, particularly using activated carbon and ion exchange resins, is a suitable technique for PFAS removal from contaminated water. This study evaluates the sorption efficiency of granular and powdered activated carbon and two ion exchange resins to identify the m

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Borysenko, M. V., Ya M. Chubenko, I. I. Voitko, and T. S. Chorna. "Thermal analysis as a method for evaluating the quality of regeneration of activated carbon used for purification of glycerin." Surface 12(27) (December 30, 2020): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/surface.2020.12.137.

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In this work, we investigated granular and powder activated carbons (AC) – initial and waste with adsorbed impurities after purification of technical glycerin and subsequent washing with water. The aim of this work was to quantify the adsorbed impurities in the spent AC using thermal analysis (TA) and to work out the conditions for thermal regeneration of AC. TA of AC samples was carried out in an atmosphere of helium and air; the specific surface area of AC was measured by the method of low-temperature desorption of argon (SAr). It was established by the TA method that water is released in th

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Calabrò, Paolo S., Filippo Fazzino, Carlo Limonti, and Alessio Siciliano. "Enhancement of Anaerobic Digestion of Waste-Activated Sludge by Conductive Materials under High Volatile Fatty Acids-to-Alkalinity Ratios." Water 13, no. 4 (2021): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13040391.

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Anaerobic digestion (AD) represents a suitable option for the management of the waste-activated sludge (WAS) produced in municipal wastewater treatment plants. Nevertheless, due to its complex characteristics, WAS is often barely degradable under conventional anaerobic processes. The use of conductive materials during AD provides a promising route for enhancing WAS digestion, through the effects of direct inter-species electron transfer (DIET). The present paper aims to evaluate the effects of the addition of four different materials—granular activated carbon (GAC), granular iron, and aluminiu

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Bae, Jiyeol, Suho Kim, Kwangsoo Kim, and Soyoung Baek. "Impregnation of Activated Carbon with Organic Phase-Change Material." Materials 17, no. 1 (2023): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17010067.

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In this study, we developed a thermal storage medium comprising porous activated carbon filled with organic phase-change materials (PCMs) that utilizes the latent heat of phase-change to absorb heat during heating and release heat during cooling. For the activated carbon, we used both charcoal-based powdered activated carbon (250–350 mesh) and granular activated carbon. The organic phase-change materials used in the experiments were dodecane, tridecane, tetradecane, and pentadecane. Material properties such as thermal conductivity, latent heat, and melting temperature range were evaluated expe

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Kamińska, Gabriela. "Removal of Organic Micropollutants by Grainy Bentonite-Activated Carbon Adsorbent in a Fixed Bed Column." Water 10, no. 12 (2018): 1791. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10121791.

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Organic micropollutants enter effluent streams and then flow into receiving waters. The volume adversely affects aquatic biota substantially. Therefore, many efforts have been made to develop methods for their elimination. The aim of this study was the removal of organic micropollutants with different properties from WWTP (wastewater treatment plant) effluent in fixed bed columns packed with several combinations of sand, granular activated carbon (GAC), and granular clay-carbonaceous composite. Two types of bentonite-powder activated carbon-based granules (Ben-AC) were prepared within this wor

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Kanchanapiya, Premrudee, Supachai Songngam, and Thanapol Tantisattayakul. "The Adsorption of Perfluorooctanoic Acid on Coconut Shell Activated Carbons." AIMS Environmental Science 9, no. 2 (2022): 128–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2022010.

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<abstract> <p>Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is one of Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) that have increasingly attracted concerns due to their global distribution in environment, persistence, high bioaccumulation and toxicity. It is important to study the effective treatment to remove PFOA from contaminated water. The feasibility of using commercial coconut shell activated carbon produced in Thailand to remove PFOA from water was investigated with regard to their adsorption kinetics and isotherms of powder activated carbon (PAC-325) and granular activated carbon (GAC-20x50

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Kanchanapiya, Premrudee, Supachai Songngam, and Thanapol Tantisattayakul. "The Adsorption of Perfluorooctanoic Acid on Coconut Shell Activated Carbons." AIMS Environmental Science 9, no. 2 (2022): 112–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/environsci.20220010.

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<abstract> <p>Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is one of Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) that have increasingly attracted concerns due to their global distribution in environment, persistence, high bioaccumulation and toxicity. It is important to study the effective treatment to remove PFOA from contaminated water. The feasibility of using commercial coconut shell activated carbon produced in Thailand to remove PFOA from water was investigated with regard to their adsorption kinetics and isotherms of powder activated carbon (PAC-325) and granular activated carbon (GAC-20x50

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Morales, Nataly, Camila Mery-Araya, Paula Guerra, Rodrigo Poblete, and Jaime Chacana-Olivares. "Mitigation of Membrane Fouling in Membrane Bioreactors Using Granular and Powdered Activated Carbon: An Experimental Study." Water 16, no. 17 (2024): 2556. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16172556.

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This experimental study explores the mitigation of membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors (MBRs) through the combined use of granular activated carbon (GAC) and powdered activated carbon (PAC). The research assesses the impact of these materials on the fouling resistance, critical flux, and permeate quality using various mixed liquor suspended solids concentrations and carbon dosages. The results indicate that the GAC-PAC combination significantly reduces the total filtration resistance, particularly the cake layer resistance, by 11.7% to 13.6% compared to setups without activated carbon or

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