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Journal articles on the topic 'Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 December 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Kerner, Jonathan A., Edward D. Franco, and John Marshall. "Combined XRD and XRF Analysis for Portable and Remote Applications." Advances in X-ray Analysis 38 (1994): 319–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/s037603080001795x.

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Abstract A prototype instrument, which provides x-ray powder diffraction and x-ray fluorescence analysis in a compact unit, has been developed to support the needs of NASA for planetary exploration. The instrument uses a 9-watt Fe-anodc x-ray tube and CCD in a fixed geometry for recording powder patterns with a 2θ range of 35°. The fluorescence spectrum for elements below Fe is collected simultaneously with the diffraction data. A shuttered Cd-109 isotopic source with emissions at 22 and 80 keV is used to excite higher energy fluorescence. The low-energy limit for discriminating single photon

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2

Patel, Ishverbhai, and Sneha Solanki. "XRD Studies of Synthesized Bi2S3Crystalline Materials." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314094911.

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Bismuth sulfide preparation and its x-ray diffraction studies are reported in this paper. The author have synthesized Bi2Sx (x = 3.15, 3.45) compound material with different sulfur content by conventional high temperature solid state solvothermal reaction of bismuth and sulfur which conforms that the (121) preferred orientation with crystallite size ~30 nm and splitting of peaks due to orthorhombic structure matches well with the standard data and demonstrate good crystalline quality and structural homogeneity of synthesized powder.This paper also describes the synthesis and x-ray diffraction

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3

Rodriguez, Mark A., James J. M. Griego, Harlan J. Brown-Shaklee, Mia A. Blea-Kirby, John F. Ihlefeld, and Erik D. Spoerke. "X-ray powder diffraction study of La2LiTaO6." Powder Diffraction 30, no. 1 (2014): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715614001183.

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The structure of La2LiTaO6 has been derived from the powder X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) data. La2LiTaO6 is monoclinic with unit-cell parameters a = 5.621(1) Å, b = 5.776(1) Å, c = 7.954(2) Å, β = 90.34(2)°, space group P21/n (14), and Z = 2. The structure of La2LiTaO6 is an ordered perovskite with alternating Li and Ta octahedra. A new set of powder XRD data (d-spacing and intensity listing) has been generated to replace entry 00-039-0897 within the Powder Diffraction File. The newly elucidated structural data for La2LiTaO6 shall facilitate quantitative analysis of this impurity phase which

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4

Koster, Herman. "X-ray powder diffraction data for In3.85Zr2.80Sn0.35O12." Powder Diffraction 18, no. 1 (2003): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.1446862.

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X-ray powder diffraction data for In3.85Zr2.80Sn0.35O12 are reported. The powders were prepared using a wet-chemical precipitation method. The XRD data could be fitted with a rhombohedral unit cell in space group R3 (No. 148). The Rietveld refined unit cell parameters are a=0.951 49(2) nm and c=0.889 51(2)nm in a hexagonal setting with Z=3 and Dx=6.69(1)g/cm3.

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5

Tayebifard, S. A., K. Ahmadi, R. Yazdani-Rad, and M. Doroudian. "New X-ray powder diffraction data for Mo2.85Al1.91Si4.81." Powder Diffraction 21, no. 3 (2006): 238–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.2244544.

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X-ray powder diffraction data for Mo2.85Al1.91Si4.81 are reported. The new Mo2.85Al1.91Si4.81 compound was successfully prepared using the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) technique. The starting atomic mixture of reactant powders was Mo+2(1−x)Si+2xAl with x=0.3. The final powder compound obtained by the SHS technique was determined to be Mo2.85Al1.91Si4.81 by ICP-AES. X-ray powder diffraction pattern of Mo2.85Al1.91Si4.81 was recorded using an X-ray powder diffractometer, Cu Kα radiation, and analyzed by automatic indexing programs. Mo2.85Al1.91Si4.81 was found to be hexagona

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6

Yamanoi, Toyoko, and Hiromoto Nakazawa. "Parallel-beam X-ray diffractometry using X-ray guide tubes." Journal of Applied Crystallography 33, no. 2 (2000): 389–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889899015344.

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A parallel-beam X-ray diffraction geometry using X-ray guide tubes is proposed to eliminate preferred-orientation effects in powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and for new applications of XRD. A bundle of X-ray guide tubes (polycapillaries) is used to provide an intense quasi-parallel (approximately 0.2° divergence) and large-diameter (approximately 20 mm) beam of X-rays needed for parallel-beam diffractometry. Mica and silicon particles were agitated inside a cylindrical chamber by a steady flow of N2gas so that they were randomly oriented. The quasi-parallel incident X-ray beam passed t

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7

He, Bob. "Algorithms for Two-dimensional XRD Data Evaluation." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C1130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s205327331408869x.

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The diffracted x-rays from a polycrystalline (powder) sample form a series diffraction cones in space since large numbers of crystals oriented randomly in the space are covered by the incident x-ray beam. Each diffraction cone corresponds to the diffraction from the same family of crystalline planes in all the participating grains. When a two-dimensional (2D) detector is used for x-ray powder diffraction, the diffraction cones are intercepted by the 2D detector and the x-ray intensity distribution on the sensing area is converted to an image-like diffraction pattern. The 2D pattern contains th

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8

Alizadeh, M., K. Ahmadi, and A. Maghsoudipour. "Powder diffraction data for new bismuth yttrium ytterbium oxides by XRD." Powder Diffraction 24, no. 1 (2009): 53–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.3076129.

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X-ray powder diffraction data for three new bismuth yttrium ytterbium oxide compounds synthesized by solid-state reaction method are reported. The unit-cell dimensions were determined from X-ray diffraction method using Cu Kα radiation and evaluated by indexing programs. The cubic δ-Bi2O3 phase was identified to be the sole crystalline phase in Bi0.82Y0.09Yb0.09O1.5, Bi0.82Y0.12Yb0.06O1.5, and Bi0.82Y0.06Yb0.12O1.5 with lattice constants of a=5.5110(3), 5.5154(2), and 5.5113(2) Å, respectively.

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9

Li, Degui, Ming Qin, Liuqing Liang, et al. "The X-ray powder diffraction data for CeCo3Ni2." Powder Diffraction 29, no. 3 (2014): 298–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715614000463.

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The CeCo3Ni2 compound was synthesized by arc melting under argon atmosphere. High-quality powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) data of CeCo3Ni2 have been collected using a Rigaku SmartLab X-ray powder diffractometer. The refinement of the XRD pattern for the CeCo3Ni2 compound shows that the CeCo3Ni2 is a hexagonal structure, space group P6/mmm (No.191) with a = b = 4.9081(2) Å, c = 4.0034(2) Å, V = 83.52 Å3, Z = 1, and ρx = 8.6347 g cm−3. The Smith–Snyder FOM F30 = 112.7(0.0089, 30) and the intensity ratio RIR = 0.48.

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Omar, Halo Dalshad. "The Analysis of Copper-Iron Metallic Mixture by Means of XRD and XRF." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 64 (February 2016): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.64.130.

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The objective of the paper has been given on observations based on studies of the three samples of copper-iron (Cu-Fe) alloy have been prepared from 3gm mass of copper of 99.9 % purity powder and adding 1gm weight of iron powder and adding 1.5gm weight of iron powder. A discussion about simple and low cost preparation of Cu-Fe alloy by Mini Mill 2 Panalytical and preparation of the sample was rotating at 10 min and in case of grinding samples at high speed 300 rpm. Herzog press Panalytical used to produce pressed powder Cu-Fe alloy. The characters of Cu-Fe particles are depending on their size

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Omar, Halo Dalshad. "The Analysis of Copper-Iron Metallic Mixture by Means of XRD and XRF." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 64 (February 15, 2016): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-tj32k9.

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The objective of the paper has been given on observations based on studies of the three samples of copper-iron (Cu-Fe) alloy have been prepared from 3gm mass of copper of 99.9 % purity powder and adding 1gm weight of iron powder and adding 1.5gm weight of iron powder. A discussion about simple and low cost preparation of Cu-Fe alloy by Mini Mill 2 Panalytical and preparation of the sample was rotating at 10 min and in case of grinding samples at high speed 300 rpm. Herzog press Panalytical used to produce pressed powder Cu-Fe alloy. The characters of Cu-Fe particles are depending on their size

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12

Boulc'h, Florence, Marie-Claude Schouler, Patricia Donnadieu, Jean-Marc Chaix, and Elisabeth Djurado. "DOMAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF Y-TZP NANO-PARTICLES USING XRD AND HRTEM." Image Analysis & Stereology 20, no. 3 (2011): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.5566/ias.v20.p157-161.

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Yttria doped nanocrystalline zirconia powder was prepared by spray-pyrolysis technique. Powder crystallized into tetragonal form, as dense and compositionally homogeneous polycrystalline spheres. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) have been used in order to characterize the mean size and the size distribution of crystalline domains. An average size of 6 nm was calculated by Scherrer formula from X-Ray diffraction pattern. The domain size, determined by analysis method developed by Hytch from HRTEM observations, ranges from 5 to 22 nm with a mai

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13

Hansford, G. M. "Phase-targeted X-ray diffraction." Journal of Applied Crystallography 49, no. 5 (2016): 1561–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576716011936.

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A powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) method to enhance the signal of a specific crystalline phase within a mixture is presented for the first time. Specificity to the targeted phase relies on finding coincidences in the ratios of crystal d spacings and the ratios of elemental characteristic X-ray energies. Such coincidences can be exploited so that the two crystal planes diffract through the same scattering angle at two different X-ray energies. An energy-resolving detector placed at the appropriate scattering angle will detect a significantly enhanced signal at these energies if the target minera

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14

Prabal, Dasgupta, and N. Mondal B. "Non-destructive quantitative analysis of five commercially available Indian cement clinkers using powder XRD." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 93, Feb 2016 (2016): 193–97. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5603114.

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Chemistry Department, De Rozio Memorial College, Rajarhat, Kolkata-700 059, India <em>E-mail</em> : funudg@hotmail.com Fax : 91-33-24738205 Department of Central Scientific Services, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata-700 032 <em>Manuscript received 19 December 2014, revised 29 May 2015, accepted 02 June 2015</em> Structurally distinguishable phases of the substances present in four hydraulic (Portland) cement samples and in one white cement sample manufactured in India, were identified from their respective XRD diagrams and subsequently quantitatively analyzed using qu

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15

Riello, Pietro, Andrea Lausi, Jennifer Macleod, Jasper Rikkert Plaisier, Giulio Zerauschek, and Paolo Fornasiero. "In situreaction furnace for real-time XRD studies." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 20, no. 1 (2012): 194–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0909049512039246.

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The new furnace at the Materials Characterization by X-ray Diffraction beamline at Elettra has been designed for powder diffraction measurements at high temperature (up to 1373 K at the present state). Around the measurement region the geometry of the radiative heating element assures a negligible temperature gradient along the capillary and can accommodate either powder samples in capillary or small flat samples. A double capillary holder allows flow-through of gas in the inner sample capillary while the outer one serves as the reaction chamber. The furnace is coupled to a translating curved

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Bish, David. "The First X-ray Powder Diffraction Measurements on Mars." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314099951.

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The CheMin instrument on the Curiosity rover measures XRD and XRF data using Co radiation in transmission geometry. It has analyzed <150 μm portions of eolian soil (Rocknest) and two drill-hole powders (John Klein and Cumberland) from a mudstone [1, 2, Figure 1]. XRD data for Rocknest soil revealed plagioclase, forsteritic olivine, augite, and pigeonite. John Klein and Cumberland are similar, with much less Fe-forsterite and more magnetite than Rocknest. Data were analyzed via Rietveld methods (Topas), and profiles were modeled using beryl-quartz data measured on Mars. CheMin's broad profil

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Martí-Rujas, Javier. "Structural elucidation of microcrystalline MOFs from powder X-ray diffraction." Dalton Transactions 49, no. 40 (2020): 13897–916. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0dt02802a.

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18

Brückner, Sergio. "PULWIN: A program for analyzing powder X-ray diffraction patterns." Powder Diffraction 15, no. 4 (2000): 218–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715600011118.

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A computer program is presented that allows for the analysis of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. Some peculiar features of the program are: the aptitude for dealing with diffractograms obtained from semicrystalline polymer samples and the ability to evaluate XRD patterns collected with CPS 120 detectors. The program is available as freeware via anonymous ftp at: ftp.cc.uniud.it under the directory/pulwin/.

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Siqueira, Guilherme Oliveira, Érica Gonçalves Gravina, Jackson Antônio Lamounier Camargos Resende, and Nelson Gonçalves Fernandes. "XRD diffraction data and Rietveld refinement of Na8[Si6Al6O24]Cl2." Powder Diffraction 24, no. 1 (2009): 41–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.3078423.

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A natural sodalite from the geological site Alkaline Complex of Floresta Azul, Bahia, Brazil, has been characterized by electron microprobe, infrared spectroscopy, and powder high-resolution X-ray diffraction techniques. The mineral is an aluminosilicate framework, formed by cages called sodalite unity. Although the sample is natural, the chemical analysis reveals that it is indeed the end member sodalite sensu strictu, Na8[Si6Al6O24]Cl2. Infrared spectroscopy shows Si, Al tetrahedral-oxygen stretching nonsymmetric mode, stretching symmetric mode, and bending modes. Indexing of the experimenta

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Sornadurai, D., B. Panigrahi, V. S. Sastry, and Ramani. "Crystal structure and X-ray powder diffraction pattern of Ti2ZrAl." Powder Diffraction 15, no. 3 (2000): 189–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715600011052.

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We report precision X-ray powder-diffraction (XRD) data of single phase pure Ti2ZrAl. Ti2ZrAl samples were prepared by an arc melting method and annealed at 1000 °C for 30 days. XRD analysis was carried out on these samples and it was found that Ti2ZrAl has a DO19 structure (space group P63/mmc, No. 194). The lattice parameters are found to be a=5.961±0.001 Å and c=4.793±0.001 Å.

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Zhang, Hua Yong, Yong Mei Xia, Xiao Jian Liu, and Tian Duo Li. "Research on Influence of Diffractometer Slits on XRD Pattern." Key Engineering Materials 544 (March 2013): 441–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.544.441.

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X-ray diffraction analysis is a convenient and important route to investigate crystalline materials. With powder materials, calcium carbonate as target, the effects of scatter slit, soller slit and receiving slit of Bruker D8 ADVANCE diffractometer on the diffraction pattern based on information, such as the background intensity, peak height, intensity and full width at half maximum, which provide the evidence for slits selection.

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Ellouze, M., W. Boujelben, and H. Fuess. "Rietveld refinement X-ray powder data of Pr0.7Ba0.3MnO3." Powder Diffraction 18, no. 1 (2003): 29–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.1515296.

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Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) data were collected for Pr0.7Ba0.3MnO3. This sample was prepared using the conventional solid state reaction by mixing Pr6O11, Mn2O3, and BaCO3 up to 99.9% purity at 1400 °C in air for 60 h. XRD analysis using the Rietveld method was carried out and it was found that this manganite sample has orthorhombic symmetry with Pnma space group. The lattice parameters are found to be a=5.4900 Å, b=7.7578 Å, and c=5.5227 Å.

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23

Hubbard, Camden R., and Robert L. Snyder. "RIR - Measurement and Use in Quantitative XRD." Powder Diffraction 3, no. 2 (1988): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715600013257.

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AbstractThe Reference Intensity Ratio (RIR) is a general, instrument-independent constant for use in quantitative phase analysis by the X-ray powder diffraction internal standard method. When the reference standard is corundum, RIR is known as I/Ic; These constants are collected in the Powder Diffraction File (1987), can be calculated, and can be measured. Recommended methods for accurate measurement of RIR constants are presented, and methods of using these constants for quantitative analysis are discussed. The numerous, complex constants in Copeland and Bragg's method introduced to account f

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Achary, S. N., G. D. Mukherjee, A. K. Tyagi, and B. K. Godwal. "Powder X-ray diffraction data of a new polymorph of HfMo2O8." Powder Diffraction 18, no. 2 (2003): 147–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.1536195.

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A new polymorph of HfMo2O8 (β-form) is synthesized under high pressure and high temperature conditions. The powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) data could be explained based on a monoclinic lattice (Space Group: C2/c No. 15) with the unit cell parameters as: a=11.415(3), b=7.906(2), c=7.438(2) Å and β=122.37(2)°, V=566.9(2) Å3. The detailed powder XRD data and analysis are reported herein.

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Yang, Lin Lin, Yong Gang Wang, Xiao Feng Wang, Yu Jiang Wang, and Gao Rong Han. "Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of PbTiO₃ Microrods." Advanced Materials Research 148-149 (October 2010): 903–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.148-149.903.

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PbTiO3 microrods were successfully synthesized via a surfactants-free hydrothermal method. The powders were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and photoluminescent spectra techniques (PL). It was found that the precursor played a key role in the formation of PbTiO3 microrods.

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Georgieva, Irena, Ivan Ivanov, and Ognyan Petrov. "X-ray powder diffraction data for Ba3MnSi2O8—A new phase in the system BaO–MnO–SiO2." Powder Diffraction 11, no. 1 (1996): 26–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s088571560000885x.

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A new compound—Ba3MnSi2O8 in the system BaO–MnO–SiO2 was synthesized and studied by powder X-ray diffraction. The compound is hexagonal, space group—P6/mmm, a=5.67077 Å, c=7.30529 Å, Z=1, Dx=5.353. The obtained powder X-ray diffractometry (XRD) data were interpreted by the Powder Data Interpretation Package.

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Wang, H., M. J. Kirkham, T. R. Watkins, et al. "Neutron and X-ray powder diffraction study of skutterudite thermoelectrics." Powder Diffraction 31, no. 1 (2016): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715615000937.

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N- and p-type filled-skutterudite materials prepared for thermoelectric power generation modules were analyzed by neutron diffraction at the POWGEN beam line of the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The skutterudite powders were processed by melt spinning, followed by ball milling and annealing. The n-type material consists of Ba–Yb–Co–Sb and the p-type material consists of Di–Fe–Ni–Sb or Di–Fe–Co–Sb (Di = didymium, an alloy of Pr and Nd). Powders for prototype module fabrication from General Motors and Marlow Industries were analyzed in this study. XRD and neutron d

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28

Reid, Joel. "Application of synchrotron powder diffraction to research and issues in mining." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C950. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314090494.

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Powder diffraction (PXRD) is an important tool for synergistic synchrotron studies of mining issues. Quantitative phase analysis with powder diffraction often provides basic information required to guide additional studies such as X-ray absorption (XAS) or micro-diffraction (μ-XRD). Elemental speciation in dilute and complex mineralogical systems with X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy is critically dependent on high quality phase pure standards, which are generally appraised using PXRD. This talk will examine the powder diffraction capabilities at the CLS, and discuss a

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Harris, Kenneth. "Structure Determination of Molecular Solids from Powder X-ray Diffraction Data." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C1557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314084423.

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Structure determination of organic molecular solids from powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) data [1] is nowadays carried out extensively by researchers in both academia and industry, and the development of new methodology in this field has made particularly significant impact in the pharmaceuticals industry within the last 20 years or so. However, although software for carrying out each stage of the procedure for structure determination from powder XRD data is now readily accessible and relatively straightforward to use, it is essential that the results from such structure determination calculatio

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Torres-Gomez, Nayely, Alfredo R. Vilchis-Nestor, Rosa Maria Gomez-Espinosa, and Ivan Garcia-Orozco. "Synthesis and Characterization of Copper(II) Complexes with Long Chain Dithiocarbamates." Advanced Materials Research 976 (June 2014): 164–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.976.164.

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Copper complexes of dithiocarbamates ligands were obtained from RNH2 (R = C6H13-, C12H25- y C18H37-) and an excess of CS2 in the presence of NaOH. Sodium hexyldithiocarbamate is not possible to isolate from solution but the other two were obtained and characterizedby infrared spectroscopy, UV-vis and powder X-ray diffraction. Copper complexes were obtained in situ from ligand solution as greenish powders. All the complexes were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, UV-vis, powder X-ray diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy. The complexes show an amorphous phase in the case of DCu12 an

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Vamvakeros, Antonios, Simon D. M. Jacques, Marco Di Michiel, et al. "Removing multiple outliers and single-crystal artefacts from X-ray diffraction computed tomography data." Journal of Applied Crystallography 48, no. 6 (2015): 1943–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576715020701.

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This paper reports a simple but effective filtering approach to deal with single-crystal artefacts in X-ray diffraction computed tomography (XRD-CT). In XRD-CT, large crystallites can produce spots on top of the powder diffraction rings, which, after azimuthal integration and tomographic reconstruction, lead to line/streak artefacts in the tomograms. In the simple approach presented here, the polar transform is taken of collected two-dimensional diffraction patterns followed by directional median/mean filtering prior to integration. Reconstruction of one-dimensional diffraction projection data

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Tas, A. Cüneyt. "X-ray diffraction data for flux-grown calcium hydroxyapatite whiskers." Powder Diffraction 16, no. 2 (2001): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.1330273.

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Calcium hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) whiskers were prepared by using the technique of molten salt synthesis with the fluxing agent of potassium sulphate (K2SO4). A tentative x-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern was suggested for the produced whiskers. Phase purity, composition, and morphology of the whiskers were investigated by powder XRD, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, respectively.

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AMARSINGH BHABU, K., J. DHIVYA SARANYA, and T. R. RAJASEKARAN. "PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF Ce0.8Y0.2O2 NANOPOWDERS USING SOL-GEL METHOD." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 22 (January 2013): 533–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194513010635.

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Nanopowders of Ce0.8Y0.2O2 were prepared by sol-gel via hydrolysis method for different hours. The prepared powders are characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and analyzed by UV-visible spectroscopy, Photoluminescence (PL) and Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). Cubic fluorite structure of the prepared samples was confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction and the grain size of the prepared samples in the range of 12 to 33 nm. The functional groups of the prepared nanopowders are identified by FTIR spe

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Putri, Lathifa Zonesya, and Ratnawulan. "Analysis of Aloe vera Nano Powder (Aloe vera L.) using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2582, no. 1 (2023): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2582/1/012029.

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Abstract Aloe vera gel is considered necessary for further processing into high-value products like nano powder due to its complex but easily damaged nutrients. Aloe vera nanopowder is one solution to increase the properties and resistance of Aloe vera so that it can be used for nanotechnology applications, such as thin coatings. In this study, natural gel Aloe vera was converted into Aloe vera powder by adding a concentration of 0.3% Tween 80 and 15% maltodextrin. This method is called the Foam-mat drying method. Using High Energy Milling (HEM-E3D), the powder was mashed for five hours to ach

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K.Manimekalai, *1 R.Rajasekaran 2. "GROWTH AND CHARACTERISATION OF SACROSINE DOPED POTTASSIUM DIHDROGEN PHOSPHATE CRYSTALS." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 7, no. 1 (2018): 383–92. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1147558.

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Potassium dihydrogen  phosphate is a material rich in NLO property with wide range of industrial applications. Certain Amino acids are also rich in NLO properties so they are used as dopants. In the present work Sacrosine one of the twenty amino acid is added in the ratio 1:1 molar percentage to KDP. Single crystals were grown by slow evaporation method. The grown crystals were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, Single crystal X-Ray diffraction, UV–vis. -spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), SHG efficiency, Dielectric and Micro hardness studies. The s

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Lin, Wen Song, C. H. Wen, and Liang He. "Magnetic Properties of Bulk Zn_0.95-XMn_XFe_0.05O₂ Prepared by Sol-Gel Method and Subsequent Hot Pressing." Advanced Materials Research 268-270 (July 2011): 356–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.268-270.356.

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Mn, Fe doped ZnO powders (Zn0.95-xMnxFe0.05O2, x≤0.05) were synthesized by an ameliorated sol-gel method, using Zn(CH3COO)2, Mn(CH3COO)2and FeCl2as the raw materials, with the addition of vitamin C as a kind of chemical reducer. The resulting powder was subsequently compacted under pressure of 10 MPa at the temperature of 873K in vacuum. The crystal structure and magnetic properties of Zn0.95-xMnxFe0.05O2powder and bulk samples have been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to study chemical valence of

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Etschmann, Barbara, and Nobuo Ishizawa. "A synchrotron X-ray diffraction study of a small congruent LiNbO3 crystal: A compatible approach to powder diffraction." Powder Diffraction 16, no. 2 (2001): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.1365124.

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Single-crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) data were collected and refined for congruent lithium niobate crystals 8 and 6 μm in diameter, sizes that are comparable to the size of the powder particles used in powder diffraction. The motivation for using such small crystals is to minimize problems such as extinction, which decrease with crystal size. The R/wR factors were 0.011/0.014 and 0.019/0.018, for the 8 and 6 μm data, respectively, and the goodness of fit factors were 2.3(1) and 1.63(8), which compare favorably with values obtained from previous powder and single-crystal diffracti

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Endler, Ingolf, Mandy Höhn, Björn Matthey, Jakub Zálešák, Jozef Keckes, and Reinhard Pitonak. "Powder Diffraction Data of Aluminum-Rich FCC-Ti1−xAlxN Prepared by CVD." Coatings 11, no. 6 (2021): 683. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11060683.

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Fcc-Ti1−xAlxN-based coatings obtained by Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) or Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) are widely used as wear-resistant coatings. However, there exists no JCPDF card of fcc-Ti1−xAlxN for the XRD analysis of such coatings based on experimental data. In this work, an aluminum-rich fcc-Ti1−xAlxN powder was prepared and, for the first time, a powder diffraction file of fcc-Ti1−xAlxN was determined experimentally. In the first step, a 10 µm thick Ti1−xAlxN coating was deposited on steel foil and on cemented carbide inserts by CVD. The steel foil was etched and flakes of a free

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Jin, Zong-ming, Ya-jie Chen, and Zheng Jin. "X-ray powder diffraction analysis of NiZnCuSn ferrite containing antimony." Powder Diffraction 10, no. 2 (1995): 120–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715600014482.

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Crystallographic data for Ni0.41Zn0.60Cu0.01Fe2.04−xSbxO4+δ (0.01≤x≤0.12) ferrites are significantly influenced by small additions of antimony. XRD analysis reveals that changes in crystal data for small Sb substitutions differ markedly from those for greater Sb substitutions. The differences are due to the contribution of the Sb ion. Complete crystal data for six solid solution compositions are reported. An X-ray powder diffraction pattern for Ni0.41Zn0.60Cu0.02Sn0.01Fe2.02Sb0.02O4+δ is given.

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Huang, Jirong, Lingmin Zeng, and Zhihui Sun. "X-ray powder diffraction data and Rietveld refinement of CrFe3NiSn5." Powder Diffraction 19, no. 4 (2004): 372–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.1763153.

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X-ray power diffraction data for CrFe3NiSn5 are reported. Indexing the XRD power pattern and Rietveld refinement shows that the compound crystallizes in the hexagonal crystal system, space group P6mm (No. 183) with lattice parameters a=5.3168(1) Å, c=4.4261(1) Å, z=0.6 and Dcalc=8.011 g cm−3. The crystal structure of CrFe3NiSn5 is of the CoSn structure type with Fe, Cr and Ni disordered in the Co position.

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Schuetzke, Jan, Alexander Benedix, Ralf Mikut, and Markus Reischl. "Enhancing deep-learning training for phase identification in powder X-ray diffractograms." IUCrJ 8, no. 3 (2021): 408–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052252521002402.

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Within the domain of analyzing powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) scans, manual examination of the recorded data is still the most popular method, but it requires some expertise and is time consuming. The usual workflow for the phase-identification task involves software for searching databases of known compounds and matching lists of d spacings and related intensities to the measured data. Most automated approaches apply some iterative procedure for the search/match process but fail to be generally reliable yet without the manual validation step of an expert. Recent advances in the field of machi

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Yan, Xue, Z. Hua, J. Liu, Bin Li, and X. Cheng. "Crystal Structure and Thermal Expansion of Ge-Doped Mn₃CuN." Advanced Materials Research 412 (November 2011): 422–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.412.422.

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The Ge doped Mn3CuN powder was synthesized using gas-solid reaction method with manganese, copper, germanium powders and N2 gas as raw material. The phase constitute of the as-prepared powder was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The intrinsic and macro thermal expansion coefficients of the powder were measured by in-situ X-ray diffraction at different temperatures and TMA, respectively. The crystal structure of the powders was analyzed using Rietveld refinement method. The results show that the pure Mn3(Cu0.5Ge0.5)N powder can be prepared via the gas-solid method at 850 °C. The cry

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Pu, Yong Ping, Ning Xu, and Xiao Long Chen. "A Novel Method for Quantitative Analysis of Tetragonal Phase in Barium Titanate Powders by X-Ray Diffraction." Advanced Materials Research 156-157 (October 2010): 1006–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.156-157.1006.

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Quantitative analysis of tetragonal phase in barium titanate powders and fundament of standard curve was discussed from the result of X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiment via testing the standard series prepared powder samples. Some different conclusions compared with the past researches were drawn by analyzing the XRD data including the integrated intensity of a certain diffraction peak, difference in 2θ between peak (002) and (200) △2θ and d (interplanar spacing) value. Thus a useful method was provided for quantitative analysis tetragonal phase in barium titanate powders by synthesized by hyd

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Taguchi, Takeyoshi. "A new position sensitive area detector for high-speed and high-sensitivity X-ray diffraction analysis." Powder Diffraction 21, no. 2 (2006): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.2204063.

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A state-of-art semiconductor technology-based position sensitive area detector, namely D/teX-25, has recently been developed for high-speed and high-sensitivity X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of materials. X-ray powder diffraction intensities obtained by a D/teX-25 detector were found to over 50 times higher than those by a conventional scintillation counter. A D/teX-25 detector mounted on a conventional 2 kW XRD system has been used to collect ultrafast XRD data with scanning speeds up to 160°2θ per minute. Ultrahigh-speed XRD is particularly useful for time-resolved dynamical and in-situ s

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Sariel, J., I. Dahan, and Y. Gelbstein. "Rhombohedral-cubic phase transition characterization of (Pb,Ge)Te using high-temperature XRD." Powder Diffraction 23, no. 2 (2008): 137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.2912439.

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Rhombohedral-cubic transformation in Bi2Te3 doped-Pb1−xGexTe alloys is presented. Samples of Bi2Te3 doped Pb1−xGexTe were prepared by powder metallurgy approach. These powder samples were examined by high-temperature X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy. A bulk (pressed powder) cylindrical specimen was used for dilatometery characterizations. According to the XRD examinations it seems that upon increasing the temperatures a continuous transformation occurs from the rhombohedral to the cubic phase, accompanied by the formation of a small amount

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Koster, Herman, та Fre´de´ric H. B. Mertins. "Powder diffraction of the cubic perovskite Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3−δ". Powder Diffraction 18, № 1 (2003): 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.1536927.

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X-ray powder diffraction data for Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3−δ are reported. The powder was prepared using a metal-EDTA complexing method. The XRD data could be fitted with a primitive cubic unit cell in space group Pm3m (No. 221). The Rietveld refined unit cell parameter is ac=0.398 30(3) nm with Z=1 and Dx=5.75 g/cm3.

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Chakartnarodom, Parinya, Nuntaporn Kongkajun, and Edward A. Laitila. "Influence of Scanning Parameters on X-Ray Diffraction Peaks of Copper." Key Engineering Materials 751 (August 2017): 202–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.751.202.

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The aim of this work is to study the influence of x-ray diffractometer scanning parameters on the integrated intensity and full-width at half maximum (FWHM) of copper powder x-ray diffraction peaks by using statistical analysis methods. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the copper powder was accomplished using step scan mode with step sizes of 0.03o and 0.05o 2q, and preset time changes from 0.1-3.5 s. Integrated intensity of an x-ray peak was calculated by the numerical method. FWHM was measured as the width of Pearson VII model of the x-ray peak at the half-maximum intensity. The statistic

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Yeo, W. S., Z. Nur Amirah, H. S. C. Metselaar, and T. H. Ong. "X-Ray Powder Diffraction Studies of Mechanically Milled Cobalt." Advanced Materials Research 626 (December 2012): 913–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.626.913.

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The allotropic phase transformation of cobalt powder prepared by high-energy ball milling was investigated as a function of milling time. Measurement of crystallite size and micro-strain in the powder systems milled for different times were conducted by X-ray diffractometry. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) peaks were analyzed using the Pearson VII profile function in conjunction with Rietveld method. X-ray diffraction line broadening revealed that allotropic transformation between face-centred-cubic phase (fcc) and hexagonal close-packed phase (hcp) in cobalt is grain size dependent and also on th

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Htet, Htet Nwe, Than Win Than, and Maung Maung Yin. "Preparation and Characterization of Barium Strontium Titanate Powder." Dagon University Research Journal Vol.4, no. 2012 (2019): Pg.105–109. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3545204.

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Strontium (3 mol%) modified barium titanate (Ba(Sr)TiO3)(BST) crystalline powder was firstly prepared by solid-state mixed oxide route. Ball-milling was also performed to get average particle sized powder. Three-step mesh (100 mesh, 250 mesh, 400 mesh) was used to obtain uniform grain size of Ba(Sr)TiO3 powder. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) technique was used to know structural properties of BST powder. The decomposition and crystalline behavior of BST were examined by Thermogravimetric and Simutaneous Differential Thermal Analysis (TG-DTA). Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescent (EDXRF) technique was

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Ferrer, Pilar, Iván da Silva, Juan Rubio-Zuazo, et al. "A flow-through reaction cell forin situX-ray diffraction and absorption studies of heterogeneous powder–liquid reactions and phase transformations." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 19, no. 1 (2011): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0909049511040374.

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A portable powder–liquid high-corrosion-resistant reaction cell has been designed to followin situreactions by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) techniques. The cell has been conceived to be mounted on the experimental stations for diffraction and absorption of the Spanish CRG SpLine-BM25 beamline at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility. Powder reactants and/or products are kept at a fixed position in a vertical geometry in the X-ray pathway by a porous membrane, under forced liquid reflux circulation. Owing to the short pathway of the X-ray beam thr

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